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Journal articles on the topic 'Low sampling frequency'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 2 June 2025

Last updated: 19 July 2025

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1

Gebauer, Bastian, Martin Hanke, and Christoph Schneider. "Sampling methods for low-frequency electromagnetic imaging." Inverse Problems 24, no. 1 (2007): 015007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0266-5611/24/1/015007.

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2

Yu, Shiming, Gang Xiao, and Baoyuan Zhang. "PID Based Low Frequency Sampling GPC Algorithm." IFAC Proceedings Volumes 36, no. 24 (2003): 281–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1474-6670(17)37643-7.

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3

Linggo, Sumarno, and Adi Kuntoro. "The influence of sampling frequency on tone recognition of musical instruments." TELKOMNIKA Telecommunication, Computing, Electronics and Control 17, no. 1 (2019): 253–60. https://doi.org/10.12928/TELKOMNIKA.v17i1.11608.

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Sampling frequency of musical instruments tone recognition generally follows the Shannon sampling theorem. This paper explores the influence of sampling frequency that does not follow the Shannon sampling theorem, in the tone recognition system using segment averaging for feature extraction and template matching for classification. The musical instruments we used were bellyra, flute, and pianica, where each of them represented a musical instrument that had one, a few, and many significant local peaks in the Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) domain. Based on our experiments, until the sampling frequency is as low as 312 Hz, recognition rate performance of bellyra and flute tones were influenced a little since it reduced in the range of 5%. However, recognition rate performance of pianica tones was not influenced by that sampling frequency. Therefore, if that kind of reduced recognition rate could be accepted, the sampling frequency as low as 312 Hz could be used for tone recognition of musical instruments.

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4

You, Y. H., J. B. Kim, and D. H. Kim. "Low-overhead Sampling Frequency Synchronization Scheme for UWB-OFDM." Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications 22, no. 17-18 (2008): 2511–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156939308787543796.

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5

Huang, Hao, Li Guo, and Lin Li. "Audio Watermarking for MP3 Coding with Low Bitrate and Low Sampling Frequency." Journal of Electronics & Information Technology 30, no. 11 (2011): 2678–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.3724/sp.j.1146.2007.00666.

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6

Teh, Yi Jun, Bahari Jambek Asral, and Hashim Uda. "Performance analysis of low-complexity welch power spectral density for automatic frequency analyser." Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics 8, no. 1 (2019): 99–104. https://doi.org/10.11591/eei.v8i1.1393.

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The aim of this paper is to investigate the performance of the Low Complexity Welch Power Spectral Density Computation (PSDC). This algorithm is an improvement from Welch PSDC method to reduce the computational complexity of the method. The effect of the sampling rate and the input frequency toward to accuracy of frequency detection is being evaluated. From the experiment results, sampling rate nearest to the twice of the input frequency provides the highest accuracy which achieved 99%. The ability of the algorithm to perform complex signal also has been investigated.

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Romeu, Bianca, Alexandre M. S. Machado, Fábio G. Daura-Jorge, Marta J. Cremer, Ana Kássia de Moraes Alves, and Paulo C. Simões-Lopes. "Low-frequency sampling rates are effective to record bottlenose dolphins." Royal Society Open Science 8, no. 7 (2021): 201598. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.201598.

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Acoustic monitoring in cetacean studies is an effective but expensive approach. This is partly because of the high sampling rate required by acoustic devices when recording high-frequency echolocation clicks. However, the proportion of echolocation clicks recorded at different frequencies is unknown for many species, including bottlenose dolphins. Here, we investigated the echolocation clicks of two subspecies of bottlenose dolphins in the western South Atlantic Ocean. The possibility of recording echolocation clicks at 24 and 48 kHz was assessed by two approaches. First, we considered the clicks in the frequency range up to 96 kHz. We found a loss of 0.95–13.90% of echolocation clicks in the frequency range below 24 kHz, and 0.01–0.42% below 48 kHz, to each subspecies. Then, we evaluated these recordings downsampled at 48 and 96 kHz and confirmed that echolocation clicks are recorded at these lower frequencies, with some loss. Therefore, despite reaching high frequencies, the clicks can also be recorded at lower frequencies because echolocation clicks from bottlenose dolphins are broadband. We concluded that ecological studies based on the presence–absence data are still effective for bottlenose dolphins when acoustic devices with a limited sampling rate are used.

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8

Skou, E. "An inexpensive low frequency impedance analyzer based on direct sampling." Electrochimica Acta 38, no. 14 (1993): 2079–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0013-4686(93)80343-x.

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9

Ikuma, IKEDA, and IWATSUKI Nobuyuki. "Narrow Band Noise Control with Low Sampling Frequency Using Heterodyne." Proceedings of the Dynamics & Design Conference 2019 (2019): 315. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmedmc.2019.315.

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10

Quinsac, Céline, Adrian Basarab, and Denis Kouamé. "Frequency Domain Compressive Sampling for Ultrasound Imaging." Advances in Acoustics and Vibration 2012 (May 30, 2012): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/231317.

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Compressed sensing or compressive sampling is a recent theory that originated in the applied mathematics field. It suggests a robust way to sample signals or images below the classic Shannon-Nyquist theorem limit. This technique has led to many applications, and has especially been successfully used in diverse medical imaging modalities such as magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography, or photoacoustics. This paper first revisits the compressive sampling theory and then proposes several strategies to perform compressive sampling in the context of ultrasound imaging. Finally, we show encouraging results in 2D and 3D, on high- and low-frequency ultrasound images.

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11

M., Arshad Shehzad Hassan Guobing Song Xiaoning Kang Zaibin Jiao Chenqing Wang Sohaib Tahir. "Current Differential Protection for Distributed Transmission Lines using Low Sampling Frequency." International Journal of Engineering Works 2, no. 3 (2015): 42–47. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.16431.

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Current differential protection has been affected negatively by the distributed capacitive current of transmission lines. In order to solve the problem of distributed capacitance current of transmission line, the current differential protection in this paper is based on distributed parameters model of the transmission line. The current formula along with the transmission line is derived under this distributed parameter line model. The differential criterion is constructed with the current calculated from both ends to the set point. In order to improve the practicality of the criterion, the implementation of the differential protection is given under low sampling frequency. By adding a cubic spline data interpolation point at each sampling interval, the calculation of the set point distributed current under low sampling frequency is achieved. In order to improve the operating speed of current differential protection, the point is set at the midpoint of the line, and the magnitude of the current is calculated with a half data window absolute value integrals. The results show that the proposed novel current differential principle is not affected by the distributed capacitance current. It has obvious advantages compared with traditional current differential protection principle for the low sampling frequency requirement, fast action speed and the small amount of computation.  

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12

Lee, Kar Fye Alvin, Elliot Chan, Josip Car, Woon-Seng Gan, and Georgios Christopoulos. "Lowering the Sampling Rate: Heart Rate Response during Cognitive Fatigue." Biosensors 12, no. 5 (2022): 315. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bios12050315.

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Cognitive fatigue is a mental state characterised by feelings of tiredness and impaired cognitive functioning due to sustained cognitive demands. Frequency-domain heart rate variability (HRV) features have been found to vary as a function of cognitive fatigue. However, it has yet to be determined whether HRV features derived from electrocardiogram data with a low sampling rate would remain sensitive to cognitive fatigue. Bridging this research gap is important as it has substantial implications for designing more energy-efficient and less memory-hungry wearables to monitor cognitive fatigue. This study aimed to examine (1) the level of agreement between frequency-domain HRV features derived from lower and higher sampling rates, and (2) whether frequency-domain HRV features derived from lower sampling rates could predict cognitive fatigue. Participants (N = 53) were put through a cognitively fatiguing 2-back task for 20 min whilst their electrocardiograms were recorded. Results revealed that frequency-domain HRV features derived from sampling rate as low as 125 Hz remained almost perfectly in agreement with features derived from the original sampling rate at 2000 Hz. Furthermore, frequency domain features, such as normalised low-frequency power, normalised high-frequency power, and the ratio of low- to high-frequency power varied as a function of increasing cognitive fatigue during the task across all sampling rates. In conclusion, it appears that sampling at 125 Hz is more than adequate for frequency-domain feature extraction to index cognitive fatigue. These findings have significant implications for the design of low-cost wearables for detecting cognitive fatigue.

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13

Wang, Zhonghan, Yaoliang Song, and Yitong Li. "Ultra-Wideband Imaging via Frequency Diverse Array with Low Sampling Rate." Remote Sensing 14, no. 5 (2022): 1271. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14051271.

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Imaging systems based on millimeter waves (mm-waves) are advancing to achieve higher resolution and wider bandwidth. However, a large bandwidth requires high sample rates, which may limit the development of ultra-wideband imaging systems. In this letter, we introduce the concept of frequency diverse array (FDA) into mm-wave imaging systems. In particular, we propose an ultra-wideband imaging method based on the FDA configuration to reduce sampling rates. In the proposed method, the required sampling rate of an imaging system with N transmit elements is only one-Nth of the conventional systems. Hence, the proposed method can significantly reduce the sampling rate. Unlike compressed-sensing-based sampling methods, the proposed method does not require repeated observations, and is easier to implement. Thanks to the FDA concept, the proposed method can scan the space without phase-shifters or rotation of antennas. We perform matched filtering process in the frequency domain to obtain frequency-delay-dependent vectors. By discretizing the scene, we establish a dictionary covering the imaging scene. Accordingly, a convex optimization problem with measured results and the dictionary based on sparse reconstruction are formulated to realize super-resolution imaging. Compared to conventional methods, the proposed method can distinguish smaller target intervals with low sampling rate in an easy-to-implement way. The proposed method provides a different perspective for the development of ultra-wideband imaging systems.

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14

Wang, Zuo-Cai, Yu Xin, Jin-feng Xing, and Wei-Xin Ren. "Hilbert low-pass filter of non-stationary time sequence using analytical mode decomposition." Journal of Vibration and Control 23, no. 15 (2015): 2444–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1077546315617408.

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In this paper, the recently developed analytical mode decomposition with a constant or time-varying cutoff frequency is extended into the decomposition of a non-stationary discrete time sequence. The discretization of the signal and the selection of the cutoff frequency may cause the failure of low frequency component extraction. In this study, to eliminate the effects of the signal discretization, the one-step, two-step, and four-step low-pass filters with cutoff frequencies are proposed. Based on the theoretical derivation, the previous one-step low-pass filter is effective only when the cutoff frequency is not greater than a quarter of the sampling frequency and the maximum frequency of the signal not greater than a half of the sampling frequency. In this study, if the cutoff frequency is less than or equal to a quarter of the sampling frequency, a two-step low-pass filter is proposed to extract the low frequency component. If the cutoff frequency is greater than a quarter of the sampling frequency, a four-step low-pass filter with frequency shifting process is proposed. When the time-varying cutoff frequency is not always larger than or less than a quarter of the sampling frequency, a sufficient condition, which is the sampling frequency is greater than four times of the maximum frequency of the signal component, is provided in this study. Two numerical examples are used to validate the effectiveness of the proposed low-pass filters. Both the theoretic derivation and numerical simulations show that the proposed filters can analytical extract the discrete low frequency component with an appropriate cutoff frequency.

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15

Yu, Bai, and Zhixin Zhang. "Adaptive Configuration Method of Low-Frequency Electromechanical Sampling Information in Building Electrical System." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2021 (May 20, 2021): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6624330.

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In order to enhance the reliability of the electrical systems in low frequency, an adaptive configuration method of low-frequency electromechanical sampling information based on thyristor controlled series compensation (TCSC) is designed. The electrical system is simplified to a linear invariant system, and a stochastic subspace identification (SSI) method is established by using the singular value decomposition principle to collect low-frequency electromechanical sampling information. The reference channel technology is introduced to design the reference channel covariance matrix to judge whether low-frequency information is generated and improve the efficiency of sampling information acquisition. The architecture and working principle of the controllable series compensation device are analyzed, and the test signal method is used to evaluate the low-frequency modes and the information required by the device among the electrical system regions of buildings. The alternative input signals are selected by comparing different input signal residue ratios. The TCSC device parameters are adjusted by the compensation residue phase method, so as to realize the adaptive configuration of different low-frequency electromechanical sampling information and ensure the stable operation of the electrical system. The experimental results show that the proposed configuration scheme can effectively improve the damping ratio of the system and has an excellent effect on suppressing the continuous oscillation under a low-frequency fault.

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16

Shim, Eu-Suk, and Young-Hwan You. "Low-overhead sampling clock frequency synchronization for OFDM-based DRM systems." IEICE Electronics Express 7, no. 1 (2010): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1587/elex.7.1.

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17

Ferrero, A., and R. Ottoboni. "A low-cost frequency multiplier for synchronous sampling of periodic signals." IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement 41, no. 2 (1992): 203–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/19.137348.

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18

Gregg, Richard E., Reza Firoozabadi, and Saeed Babaeizadeh. "Reducing the impact of low sampling frequency on heart rate variability." Journal of Electrocardiology 57 (November 2019): S113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2019.11.011.

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19

Cai, Xinyu, and Lan Dai. "A digital LDO with adaptive sampling frequency and asynchronous loop." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2810, no. 1 (2024): 012030. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2810/1/012030.

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Abstract The development of semiconductor processes has led to a decrease in the operating voltage of transistors. Digital low dropout linear regulators (DLDO) have been proposed to address this low-voltage operating environment. However, DLDOs with conventional structures need help meeting the requirements of fast response and low power consumption simultaneously. This paper proposes a DLDO based on coarse-fine dual loop regulation with asynchronous loop regulation and adaptive clock frequency. The scheme enhances transient response speed and reduces system power consumption in a steady state.

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20

Lu, Chunguang, Xiong Li, Wei Liu, and Huan Zhu. "Energy Measurement Technology of Low-frequency 20 Hz Intelligent Energy Meter." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2584, no. 1 (2023): 012013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2584/1/012013.

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Abstract A high-speed and high-precision voltage and current acquisition scheme suitable for 20 Hz low-frequency energy metering, and an energy meter suitable for low-frequency transmission scenarios was designed in this paper. A high-precision energy metering algorithm based on low-frequency metering for three-phase energy meters, using the four-term third-order Nuttall window algorithm to address the impact of asynchronous sampling on metering was proposed in this paper. Equipped with sampling and metering algorithms suitable for low-frequency transmission, the designed meter achieves seamless calibration of diagonal difference and stable power calculation. Adopting an A/D+DSP metering scheme, a 24-bit A/D chip is selected as the signal sampling unit, and a 32-bit high-speed DSP is used as the signal processing unit to achieve the sampling and processing function of 20 Hz signals, completing the low-frequency transmission scenario electricity metering.

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21

Jiang Yu-Qiang, Guo Hong-Lian, Liu Chun-Xiang, et al. "Trapping stiffness measurement with brownian motion analysis method at low sampling frequency." Acta Physica Sinica 53, no. 6 (2004): 1721. http://dx.doi.org/10.7498/aps.53.1721.

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22

Worapishet, A., J. B. Hughes, and C. Toumazou. "Low-power high-frequency class-AB two-step sampling switched-current techniques." IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Analog and Digital Signal Processing 50, no. 9 (2003): 649–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2003.816931.

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23

You, Y. H., and J. B. Kim. "Improved and low-complexity sampling frequency offset estimation scheme for DRM systems." AEU - International Journal of Electronics and Communications 65, no. 5 (2011): 489–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aeue.2010.06.003.

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24

Sidek, Khairul Azami, and Ibrahim Khalil. "Enhancement of low sampling frequency recordings for ECG biometric matching using interpolation." Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine 109, no. 1 (2013): 13–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cmpb.2012.08.015.

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25

Costa, F. B., J. R. Lima, M. A. Aziz Jahan, F. V. Lopes, K. M. Silva, and K. M. C. Dantas. "Low-sampling frequency two-terminal traveling wave-based overhead transmission line protection." Electric Power Systems Research 224 (November 2023): 109639. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.epsr.2023.109639.

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26

Jiang, Kuangyi, Kai Zhou, Xiang Ren, and Yefei Xu. "Frequency Domain Sampling Optimization of Cable Defect Detection and Location Method Based on Exponentially Increased Frequency Reflection Coefficient Spectrum." Energies 18, no. 10 (2025): 2428. https://doi.org/10.3390/en18102428.

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The existing linear frequency increment cable defect detection method using frequency domain reflectometry suffers from severe pseudo-peak phenomena due to non-targeted frequency domain sampling, which interferes with diagnosis. To address this issue, this paper proposes an optimized frequency domain sampling method based on the exponential frequency increment reflection coefficient spectrum. This method optimizes the distribution of frequency domain sampling points, reducing the sampling of high-frequency noise signals, thereby effectively suppressing pseudo-peaks. Research indicates that the low-frequency band of the cable reflection coefficient spectrum contains richer information about the cable’s condition and has less noise compared to the high-frequency band. Therefore, an exponential frequency increment is used instead of the current linear frequency increment, resulting in a denser sampling in the low-frequency band and sparser sampling in the high-frequency band, better matching the information distribution characteristics of the cable reflection coefficient spectrum. To avoid spectral leakage caused by non-uniform sampling under exponential frequency increments, this method locally linearizes exponential sampling and uses interpolation to complete the overall frequency sampling rate, ensuring it meets the basic assumption of Fourier transform—uniform and equally spaced sampling signals. Finally, this method was validated on a 500 m laboratory test cable and a 2000 m operational cable. Experimental results show that this method can make the amplitude of regions other than impedance mismatch points in the positioning curve flatter and effectively suppress abnormal peak interference, significantly improving the accuracy of defect diagnosis.

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27

Cheng, Y., and K. B. He. "Measurement of carbonaceous aerosol with different sampling configurations and frequencies." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques Discussions 8, no. 3 (2015): 3171–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amtd-8-3171-2015.

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Abstract. Carbonaceous aerosol in Beijing, China was measured with different sampling configurations (denuded vs. un-denuded) and frequencies (24 vs. 48 h averaged). Our results suggest that the negative sampling artifact of a bare quartz filter could be remarkably enhanced due to the uptake of water vapor by the filter medium, indicating that the positive sampling artifact tends to be underestimated under high humidity conditions. It was also observed that the analytical artifact (i.e., the underestimation of elemental carbon by the operationally defined value of the thermal-optical method) was more apparent for the low frequency samples such that their elemental carbon (EC) concentrations were about 15% lower than the reference values measured by the high-frequency, denuded filters. Moreover, EC results of the low frequency samples were found to exhibit a stronger dependence on the charring correction method. In addition, optical attenuation (ATN) of EC was retrieved from the carbon analyzer, and the low frequency samples were shown to be more significantly biased by the shadowing effect.

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28

Yu, Bing, David Gabriel, Larry Noble, and Kai-Nan An. "Estimate of the Optimum Cutoff Frequency for the Butterworth Low-Pass Digital Filter." Journal of Applied Biomechanics 15, no. 3 (1999): 318–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jab.15.3.318.

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The purposes of this study were (a) to develop a procedure for objectively determining the optimum cutoff frequency for the Butterworth low-pass digital filler, and (b) to evaluate the cutoff frequencies derived from the residual analysis. A set of knee flexion-extension angle data in normal gait was used as the standard data set. The standard data were sampled at different sampling frequencies. Random errors with different magnitudes were added to the standard data to create different sets of raw data with a given sampling frequency. Each raw data set was filtered through a Butterworth low-pass digital filter at different cutoff frequencies. The cutoff frequency corresponding to the minimum error in the second time derivatives for a given set of raw data was considered as the optimum for that set of raw data. A procedure for estimating the optimum cutoff frequency from the sampling frequency and estimated relative mean error in the raw data set was developed. The estimated optimum cutoff frequency significantly correlated to the true optimum cutoff frequency with a correlation determinant value of 0.96. This procedure was applied to estimate the optimum cutoff frequency for another set of kinematic data. The calculated accelerations of the filtered data essentially matched the measured acceleration curve. There is no correlation between the cutoff frequency derived from the residual analysis and the true optimum cutoff frequency. The cutoff frequencies derived from the residual analysis were significantly lower than the optimum, especially when the sampling frequency is high.

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29

Xue, Zhao, Lin Li, Xiaolu Wang, and Xin Wang. "A Sensorless Control Strategy for Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor at Low Switching Frequency." Electronics 11, no. 13 (2022): 1957. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics11131957.

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The high-frequency (HF) square-wave voltage injection method can be used in permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) drive systems. However, when the switching frequency is too low, the injection frequency will also decrease, which will reduce the update frequency of the HF response current, making it difficult to extract the position quadrature signal and affecting the accuracy of position estimation and control performance. This paper proposes a method for extracting position quadrature signals based on sampling rate transformation, and a signal processing strategy based on Cascade Integrator Comb (CIC) interpolation filtering, which can solve the problem of waveform distortion caused by the low sampling rate of the extracted position quadrature signal. This strategy can increase the sampling rate of the position quadrature signal to the pulse width modulation (PWM) update frequency by interpolating in the sampling current, thereby reducing the harmonic content of the position quadrature signal and improving the position estimation. precision. In addition, the PWM update frequency and estimated rotational speed information are used to compensate for the delay caused by position estimation and inverter update, which effectively improves the accuracy of position estimation. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy is verified by simulation.

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30

She, Yunfeng, Xiaoxiao Huo, Xiaoshan Tong, Chunjie Wang, and Kunkun Fu. "Multi-Sampling Rate Finite Control Set Model Predictive Control and Adaptive Method of Single-Phase Inverter." Electronics 12, no. 13 (2023): 2848. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics12132848.

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With the development of power switches and processor performance in recent years, the control frequency of inverters has been significantly improved. However, limited by technology and price, the sensor sampling frequency in large-scale industrial applications is much lower than the inverter control frequency that can be realized. This frequency mismatch limits the performance improvement of the inverter. In this article, the current and voltage at the non-sampling time are reconstructed using the current prediction control principle and the input observer theory, allowing a single-phase inverter to implement multi-sampling rate control with a low sampling frequency and high control frequency. In addition, an improved adaptive controller is designed to solve the effect of incorrect model parameters, which realizes adaptive control when the sampling frequency and control frequency are mismatched. Finally, the effectiveness of the method is verified through a simulation and experiments. The proposed method can solve the problem of high-speed switching for inverters under low-sampling-frequency conditions, improving the inverter’s adaptive performance and robustness.

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31

Xiao, Xin, Yu Can, and Zhuochen Wang. "An integrated dual-frequency IVUS system with interleaved sampling and parallel signal processing based on FPGA." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2822, no. 1 (2024): 012031. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2822/1/012031.

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Abstract Due to the lack of high voltage and low frequency pulse transmission channels, commercial high frequency IVUS imaging system cannot meet the hardware requirements of ultrasound angiography. Therefore, it is of great research significance to develop a dual-frequency IVUS rotary imaging system with high integration, high sampling rate and sampling accuracy. In this work, an integrated dual-frequency IVUS system with interleaved sampling and parallel signal processing based on FPGA was developed. The central frequency of low-frequency channel is up to 10MHz, and the peak voltage range is 80-200V. The central frequency of the high-frequency channel is up to 60MHz, and the voltage peak-to-peak range is 40-80V. The acquisition channel is 500MHz and 12bit, which is realized by interleaved sampling of two ADC. The motor controlled ultrasonic transducer acquires 400-800 lines per turn, and eventually form a 360-degree IVUS hybrid imaging successfully.

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32

Gupta, A., S. Yandamuri, and S. M. Kuo. "Digital Implementation of Active Vibration Control of a Structure." Journal of Low Frequency Noise, Vibration and Active Control 26, no. 2 (2007): 135–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1260/026309207781894879.

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An adaptive feedback algorithm is designed and implemented on a digital signal processor (DSP) system for the active vibration control (AVC) of a small structure. Real time experimental results show that the convergence speed and stability of the system are related to the exciting frequency, filter order, and the sampling frequency. The theoretical upper bound of the sampling frequency for a particular exciting frequency and filter order is compared with experiment, which is very important for designing practical digital AVC applications that control low-frequency vibration using low-cost data converters such as coder-decoder chips that only support high sampling frequencies.

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33

Zhang, Xiao, and Jia Liu. "Position sensorless control of PMSM under low-frequency ratio." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 3000, no. 1 (2025): 012053. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/3000/1/012053.

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Abstract In conventional approaches to sensorless PMSM control, Luenberger observer designs are commonly developed and evaluated within the continuous-time domain, with subsequent discretization typically implemented through the first-order forward Euler approximation method. However, when the ratio of the switching frequency to the motor operating frequency is relatively low, traditional observer design methods face issues where current estimation errors fail to converge rapidly or even become unstable. To address the inaccuracies of the Euler discretization method, this paper first establishes an accurate discrete-time mathematical model for single-sampling and single-update PMSM drive systems. Secondly, to simplify parameter calculations and address the computational complexity arising from the asymmetry of the inductance matrix in the mathematical model of salient-pole motors, an approximate symmetry approach is proposed. Based on an improved mathematical model, a full-order back-EMF observer is established to achieve sensorless control of PMSMs. Finally, to mitigate the impact of current mean sampling errors on the position observer, a compensation measure is proposed. Simulation experiments conducted in MATLAB/Simulink validate the proposed methods, and the results verify that the approach performs as expected.

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34

Nuss, Benjamin, Jonathan Mayer, Soren Marahrens, and Thomas Zwick. "Frequency Comb OFDM Radar System With High Range Resolution and Low Sampling Rate." IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques 68, no. 9 (2020): 3861–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tmtt.2020.2988254.

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35

Wierts, R., R. Wierts, R. Wierts, et al. "Measuring Saccade Peak Velocity Using a Low-Frequency Sampling Rate of 50 Hz." IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering 55, no. 12 (2008): 2840–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tbme.2008.925290.

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36

Xu, Wei, and Robert D. Lorenz. "Low-Sampling-Frequency Stator Flux Linkage Observer for Interior Permanent-Magnet Synchronous Machines." IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications 51, no. 5 (2015): 3932–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tia.2015.2439641.

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37

Calvagno, G., and L. Vangelista. "On the realization of minimum noise and low noise frequency sampling FIR filters." IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Analog and Digital Signal Processing 41, no. 4 (1994): 313–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/82.285708.

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Mir, Hasan Saeed, and Uae Kainam Thomas Wong. "Low-rate sampling technique for range-windowed radar/sonar using nonlinear frequency modulation." IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems 51, no. 3 (2015): 1972–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/taes.2015.130237.

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Jingmei, Zhao, Liu Yuan'an, Yu Cuiping, and Yu Jianguo. "Low sampling rate technique based frequency-domain random demodulation for broadband digital predistortion." Journal of China Universities of Posts and Telecommunications 23, no. 6 (2016): 47–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1005-8885(16)60069-9.

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Lan, Rong, Xin Hu, Gang Wang, Jirun Luo, Yi Yang, and Jingyan Song. "Theory and experiments of a low sampling frequency broadband digital predistortion with cyclostationarity." International Journal of Satellite Communications and Networking 38, no. 6 (2020): 575–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/sat.1368.

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Lyu, Weiqiang, Zhengkai Li, Lingjie Zhang, et al. "Broadband Signal Digitization Based on Low-Speed Non-Uniform Photonic Sampling." Photonics 9, no. 11 (2022): 831. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/photonics9110831.

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A new non-uniform photonic sampling (NPS) strategy and its special signal reconstruction algorithm are proposed to achieve digital acquisition of broadband periodic signals at a low sampling rate. Compared with the existing schemes, the NPS strategy can largely reduce the sampling number to acquire identical signal information as that obtained by using its equivalent high-speed uniform photonic sampling, which is beneficial for reducing the sampling time and the data volume of the NPS-based analog-to-digital converter (ADC). In addition, the calculation time of the proposed algorithm is millions of times lower than that of the digital alias-free signal processing (DASP) algorithm used before, which benefits from the fast Fourier transform calculation of a one-dimensional data array instead of a two-dimensional data array calculation in the DASP algorithm. A simulation is performed to validate the feasibility of the proposed scheme. In the simulation, a single-channel NPS-based ADC with an average sampling rate of 1 GSa/s is demonstrated by using the proposed NPS strategy and signal reconstruction algorithm. The results indicate the reconstructed signal information for a single-tone microwave signal at 9.9 GHz and a linear frequency modulation signal in the frequency range of 1 GHz to 9 GHz are identical to those obtained by using its equivalent high-speed uniform photonic sampling-based ADC with a sampling rate of 20 GSa/s.

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Tankeliun, Tomaš. "RESEARCH OF RELATION OF SAMPLERS FREQUENCY CHARACTERISTICS." Mokslas - Lietuvos ateitis 13 (August 19, 2021): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/mla.2021.15215.

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The approach to reduce the amplitude noise of a vertical channel of the sampling oscilloscope is presented in this paper. In general, the vertical channel of the sampling oscilloscope consists of a high-frequency sampling circuit and a relatively low-frequency sample transmission path along with a high bit resolution analogto-digital converter. The paper presents a method to improve the sensitivity of the vertical channel of a stroboscopic oscilloscope by extending the conventional channel architecture. The main vertical channel unit of the oscilloscope is a sampling device (sampler), which made of discrete elements and usually implemented using high frequency diodes. The sampler performs a transformation of the sample of the high-frequency signal under test into a low-frequency equivalent signal (otherwise called a balance impulse). In a conventional sampling device, this pulse is quantized once the amplitude is at its highest, thus achieving the best signal-to-noise ratio. The paper analyzes the operating parameters of the sampling device circuit and their influence on the output signal of the sampler. In this approach uses the fastest (15 MHz) high-resolution (18-bit) analog-to-digital converters currently on the market to reduce the amplitude noise of vertical channel based on conventional architecture. Our research has shown that it is possible to obtain an increase in the signal-tonoise ratio of almost 1.3 times.

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Amidror, Isaac. "Sub-Nyquist artefacts and sampling moiré effects." Royal Society Open Science 2, no. 3 (2015): 140550. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.140550.

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Sampling moiré effects are well known in signal processing. They occur when a continuous periodic signal g ( x ) is sampled using a sampling frequency f s that does not respect the Nyquist condition, and the signal-frequency f folds over and gives a new, false low frequency in the sampled signal. However, some visible beating artefacts may also occur in the sampled signal when g ( x ) is sampled using a sampling frequency f s which fully respects the Nyquist condition. We call these phenomena sub-Nyquist artefacts . Although these beating effects have already been reported in the literature, their detailed mathematical behaviour is not widely known. In this paper, we study the behaviour of these phenomena and compare it with analogous results from the moiré theory. We show that both sampling moirés and sub-Nyquist artefacts obey the same basic mathematical rules, in spite of the differences between them. This leads us to a unified approach that explains all of these phenomena and puts them under the same roof. In particular, it turns out that all of these phenomena occur when the signal-frequency f and the sampling frequency f s satisfy f ≈( m / n ) f s with integer m , n , where m / n is a reduced integer ratio; cases with n =1 correspond to true sampling moiré effects.

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Tang, Yongzhuang, Qidou Zhou, Zhiyong Xie, Wenxi Liu, and Xiaojun Lü. "Research on Acquisition Performance of FFT Algorithm for Low-Frequency Spread-Spectrum Signals Using Acoustic Sensors." Sustainability 15, no. 8 (2023): 6405. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15086405.

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An essential precondition for the effective use of low-frequency spread-spectrum acoustic signals is their synchronous acquisition. Due to the low bit rate that low-frequency spread-spectrum signals have, the length of the spreading spectrum code and the number of intra-chip carriers need to be precisely designed to balance the acquisition performance and the bit rate in low-frequency spread-spectrum signals. Furthermore, the selection of the acquisition method and sampling frequency depends on the specific application and system requirements, which will directly affect the processing speed and accuracy. Firstly, this study uses a cyclical stepping search combined with a fixed threshold and maximum correlation discriminant method to improve the FFT acquisition algorithm with a low Doppler frequency. Secondly, the effects of the spreading spectrum code parameters and sampling frequency on the acquisition performance are also investigated through simulation and experiments with acoustic sensors. The results show that both lengthening the spreading spectrum code and increasing the number of intra-chip carriers can greatly improve the acquisition performance. Increasing the sampling frequency can improve the ranging accuracy but has a very limited improvement effect on the acquisition performance.

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Cui, An-Jing, Dao-Jing Li, Jiang Wu, Kai Zhou, and Jing-Han Gao. "Sparse sampling in frequency domain and laser imaging." Acta Physica Sinica 71, no. 5 (2022): 058705. http://dx.doi.org/10.7498/aps.71.20211408.

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The monochromaticity of the laser and the characteristics of the natural image’s spectrum, including sparsity and concentrating in the low frequency range, make it possible to sample the image spectrum sparsely. Based on small-scale laser detectors and the introduced laser reference signals, a method of laser imaging with sparse sampling in frequency domain is proposed in this paper. The principle of frequency sparse sampling laser imaging and the imaging system structure are introduced. The simulation results of spectrum and complex images reconstructed are given. Both the effects of the signals’ parameters, such as the ratio of the reference laser signal amplitude to the laser echo spectrum amplitude and the initial phase of the laser reference signal, on reconstruction results are investigated. The reconstruction results are evaluated by correlation coefficient, mean square error (MSE), and structural similarity index (SSIM). For the strong correlation between phase and amplitude of the laser echo complex image, the amplitude image and the phase image are both set to be 256 × 256 diagram. The sparse laser detector plane array consists of 5 64 × 64 frequency domain laser detector arrays, which form a cross and make a sparsity rate of 31.25%(5/16). The simulation results show that the correlation coefficient, MSE and SSIM of the spectrum reconstructed are 0.96, 22.14, 1.00 and those of the complex image reconstructed are 0.96, 1857.25 and 0.67 respectively. The simulation results indicate that the method proposed is effective. However, the method requires the laser reference signal amplitude to be about 30 times the mean value of the laser echo spectrum amplitude, which reduces the dynamic range of the detectors. The initial phase of the laser reference signal has no obvious effect on the reconstruction results.

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Jun, Teh Yi, Asral Bahari Jambek, and Uda Hashim. "Performance analysis of low-complexity welch power spectral density for automatic frequency analyser." Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics 8, no. 1 (2019): 99–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/eei.v8i1.1393.

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The aim of this paper is to investigate the performance of the Low Complexity Welch Power Spectral Density Computation (PSDC). This algorithm is an improvement from Welch PSDC method to reduce the computational complexity of the method. The effect of the sampling rate and the input frequency toward to accuracy of frequency detection is being evaluated. From the experiment results, sampling rate nearest to the twice of the input frequency provides the highest accuracy which achieved 99%. The ability of the algorithm to perform complex signal also has been investigated.

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Qi, Xin, Lin Wu, Xiaomin Zhou, and Xianghua Ma. "Field oriented predictive control strategy for induction machine drives." Assembly Automation 37, no. 1 (2017): 103–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/aa-10-2016-132.

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Purpose This study aims to drive the induction machine system with a low switching frequency. Design/methodology/approach An unconventional inverter control strategy – field-oriented predictive control (FOPC) – is presented. The strategy limits current distortion by setting a boundary circle. The voltage vector, which could keep current trajectories in boundary, is selected to obtain a low switching frequency. Findings A dual simulation step technique is developed to investigate the influence of sampling frequency on current distortion control and switching frequency. Current control distortion can be improved, i.e. reduced, by increasing the sampling frequency; however, the switching frequency will also increase. Such a law is discovered by the dual simulation step technique and finally verified by experiments. Originality/value A new predictive control method, FOPC, is derived from the rotor filed coordinate machine model and presented in this paper. FOPC circumvents derivative calculations, and thus avoids high-frequency noise amplification.

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Luo, Qing, Bao He Yang, and Dong Mei Li. "The Random Sampling Method for Gas Sensing Signal Based on Compressed Sensing." Applied Mechanics and Materials 496-500 (January 2014): 1739–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.496-500.1739.

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This paper presents a random sampling method for gas signal,which is based on the principle called compressed sensing. This method is suitable for gas sensor network, and it is conducive to the realization of low power, low cost of the gas sensor network. According to the characteristics of the output signal of gas sensor, we design the random sampling method which acquire the useful information in signal. Using compressed sensing recovery algorithm to reconstruct signal,we finally fulfill complete signal collection. The simulation results show that the method we proposed can achieve signal acquisition with a sampling frequency less than 1/5 of standard sampling frequency.

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Dos’Santos, Thomas, Paul A. Jones, Jonathan Kelly, John J. McMahon, Paul Comfort, and Christopher Thomas. "Effect of Sampling Frequency on Isometric Midthigh-Pull Kinetics." International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance 11, no. 2 (2016): 255–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2015-0222.

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Purpose:Skeletal-muscle function can be evaluated using force–times curves generated via the isometric midthigh pull (IMTP). Various sampling frequencies (500–1000 Hz) have been used for IMTP assessments; however, no research has investigated the influence of sampling frequency on IMTP kinetics. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of sampling frequency on kinetic variables during the IMTP, including peak force, time-specific force values (100, 150, and 200 ms), and rate of force development (RFD) at 3 time bands (0–100, 0–150, 0–200 ms).Methods:Academy rugby league players (n = 30, age 17.5 ± 1.1 y, height 1.80 ± 0.06 m, mass 85.4 ± 10.3 kg) performed 3 IMTP trials on a force platform sampling at 2000 Hz, which was subsequently down-sampled to 1500, 1000, and 500 Hz for analysis.Results:Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) and coefficients of variation (CV) demonstrated high within-session reliability for all force and RFD variables across all sampling frequencies (ICC ≥ .80, CV ≤ 10.1%). Repeated-measures analysis of variance revealed no significant differences (P > .05, Cohen d ≤ 0.009) in kinetic variables between sampling frequencies. Overall, high reliability was observed across all sampling frequencies for all kinetic variables, with no significant differences (P > .05) for each kinetic variable across sampling frequencies.Conclusions:Practitioners and scientists may consider sampling as low as 500 Hz when measuring peak force, time-specific force values, and RFD at predetermined time bands during the IMTP for accurate and reliable data.

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Liu, Dong, Baojin Li, Songtao Huang, Linguo Liu, Haozhe Wang, and Yukai Huang. "An Improved Frequency-Adaptive Virtual Variable Sampling-Based Repetitive Control for an Active Power Filter." Energies 15, no. 19 (2022): 7227. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15197227.

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To eliminate the harmonics caused by nonlinear loads, repetitive controllers are widely applied as current controllers for active power filters (APF). In practice, a variation in grid frequency leads to the appearance of a fractional-order delay filter. As a result, the resonant frequency of the repetitive controller will deviate from the fundamental frequency and the controller cannot compensate for harmonics accurately. To solve this problem, an improved frequency-adaptive repetitive controller based on virtual variable sampling (IMFA-VVS-RC) for APF is proposed in this paper. To enhance the system stability margin, the proposed RC introduces an infinite impulse response (IIR) low-pass filter. The proposed RC has a high stability margin at high frequencies due to the low gain of the IIR low-pass filter in the region above the cutoff frequency. In this way, the influence of model uncertainty and parameter uncertainty on system stability are reduced at high frequencies. At the same time, compared with the conventional repetitive controller (CRC), the proposed RC for APF has a better harmonic suppression ability when the frequency varies. Experiments have verified the effectiveness of the scheme adopted for APF.

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