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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Low-velocity impact

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Academic literature on the topic 'Low-velocity impact'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 8 June 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Low-velocity impact"

1

Dolganina, Natalia, and Sergey Sapozhnikov. "CHARACTERIZATION OF LOW VELOCITY LOCAL IMPACT OF SANDWICH PANELS." PNRPU Mechanics Bulletin 1 (December 30, 2014): 271–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.15593/perm.mech/2014.4.11.

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Anuar, Nurhamizah. "Cockleshell Structure under Low-Velocity Impact." International Journal of Emerging Trends in Engineering Research 8, no. 7 (July 25, 2020): 3023–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.30534/ijeter/2020/23872020.

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Flores-Johnson, EA, and QM Li. "Low velocity impact on polymeric foams." Journal of Cellular Plastics 47, no. 1 (November 24, 2010): 45–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0921374010384956.

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Yasaka, Tetsuo, Toshiya Hanada, and Hiroshi Hirayama. "LOW-VELOCITY PROJECTILE IMPACT ON SPACECRAFT." Acta Astronautica 47, no. 10 (November 2000): 763–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0094-5765(00)00127-2.

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Trowbridge, D. A., J. E. Grady, and R. A. Aiello. "Low velocity impact analysis with nastran." Computers & Structures 40, no. 4 (January 1991): 977–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0045-7949(91)90328-j.

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Jones, Norman, and R. S. Birch. "Low-velocity impact of pressurised pipelines." International Journal of Impact Engineering 37, no. 2 (February 2010): 207–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2009.05.006.

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Mahajan, P., and A. Dutta. "Adaptive computation of impact force under low velocity impact." Computers & Structures 70, no. 2 (January 1999): 229–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0045-7949(98)00075-3.

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Samal, Sneha, David Reichmann, Iva Petrikova, and Bohdana Marvalova. "Low Velocity Impact on Fiber Reinforced Geocomposites." Applied Mechanics and Materials 827 (February 2016): 145–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.827.145.

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Low velocity impact strength of the fabric reinforced geocomposite has investigated in this article. Various fabrics such as carbon and E-glass were considered for reinforcement in geopolymer matrix. The primary two parameters such as low velocity, impact damage modes are explained on the E-glass and carbon based fabric geocomposite. The onset mode of damage to failure mode is examined through C-scan analysis. The quality of the composite is observed using c-scan with acoustic vibration mode of sensor before and after impact test. Then the effect of fabric and matrix on the impact behaviour is discussed. Residual strength of the composite is measured to determine post impact behaviour. It has been observed that resistance properties of E-glass reinforced composite is better than carbon fabric reinforced composite.

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Yeager, M., S. E. Boyd, J. M. Staniszewski, B. A. Patterson, D. B. Knorr, and T. A. Bogetti. "Modelling Low Velocity Impact on Structural Composites." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 987 (November 28, 2020): 012024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/987/1/012024.

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Bidi, A., Gh Liaghat, and Gh Rahimi. "Low-velocity impact on cylindrically curved bilayers." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part K: Journal of Multi-body Dynamics 232, no. 4 (March 19, 2018): 568–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1464419318756661.

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In this study, low-velocity impact response of cylindrically curved bilayer panels is studied. A large number of parameters affect the impact dynamics and many models have been used for solution previously. These models can be classified as energy balance model, spring–mass model, and complete models in which the dynamic behavior of the structure is exactly modeled. In this study, a two degrees of freedom spring–mass model is used to evaluate contact force between the composite panel and impactor. This work uses the modified Hertz contact model which is linearized form of general Hertz contact law. First-order shear deformation theory coupled with Fourier series expansion is used to derive the governing equations of the curved bilayer panel. The effects of panel curvature, impact velocity, and mass of impactor on the panel behavior under low-velocity impact are investigated. The results show that changing the panel radius of curvature will change the impact force, impact duration, and local panel deformation. Finally, analytical solutions have been compared with numerical results.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Low-velocity impact"

1

Khoo, Stephen W. "Low velocity impact of composite structures." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/7388.

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SerraniÌa-Soto, Florencia. "Low velocity impact of composite sandwich panels." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.398305.

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FENG, DIANSHI. "Simulation of low-velocity impact damage in sandwich composites." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11584/266475.

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Composite materials have been increasingly used in many wind energy and transport applications due to their high strength, stiffness and excellent corrosion resistance. One of the main limitations of composites is their high susceptibility to impact-induced damage, which may result in significant strength reduction or even structural collapse. A detailed understanding of the extent and nature of impact damage is thus greatly needed for damage tolerance based structural design and a reliable estimation of the residual strength of a damaged structure. In this thesis, fracture mechanics based progressive damage models, cohesive interface elements and crushable foam models were used to predict the structural response and internal failure mechanisms of sandwich composites subjected to low-velocity impact; various failure modes typically observed in composites including delaminations, fibre fracture and matrix cracking were simulated and implemented into ABAQUS/Explicit through user-defined subroutines VUMAT. Numerical simulations were assessed and validated by a series of experimental analyses carried out through low-velocity impact tests (using drop-weight testing machine) and damage calibration tests (using X-radiography, Ultrasonics and optical microscopy of polished cross-sections). Good agreements were obtained between experiments and predictions not only in terms of structural responses as well as regarding the shape and size of internal damage under various investigated cases.

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Ramakrishnan, Karthik Ram Engineering &amp Information Technology Australian Defence Force Academy UNSW. "Low Velocity Impact Behaviour of Unreinforced Bi-layer Plastic Laminates." Awarded by:University of New South Wales - Australian Defence Force Academy. Engineering & Information Technology, 2009. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/43918.

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Low velocity impact behaviour of bi-layered laminates of acrylic and polycarbonate was investigated using a combination of drop tower impact experiments and explicit finite element analysis in LS-DYNA. Material characterisation tests were conducted in tension and in compression to obtain material properties for input to the material model in the numerical analysis. Quasistatic plate bending tests were conducted at different loading rates to compare the quasistatic response of the materials to the impact behaviour. Impact tests on circular plates of monolithic acrylic and polycarbonate were carried out using an instrumented drop weight impact tester. The impact force histories were recorded and a multiparameter approach was used to determine critical energy. Acrylic exhibited radial cracking, spalling and pene- tration while polycarbonate underwent large deformation and failed by dishing and plugging. The damage caused by impact in the bilayered laminate included partial or full delamination at the interface and radial cracks in the acrylic layer. The low velocity impact responses were simulated using 8-noded solid elements in LS- DYNA. A node-splitting technique based on maximum tensile stress failure criterion and an erosion approach based on maximum principal stress criteria was used to model the failure of acrylic. A material model that takes into account the asym- metric behaviour in tension and compression was investigated. The delamination between the acrylic and polycarbonate plate was modelled by a tiebreak contact with a shear strength based failure. The results of the finite element simulations are in good agreement with the experimental data.

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Osakue, Edward E. "A study of friction during low-velocity impact." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/nq54598.pdf.

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Brown, Samuel Alexander. "Low velocity impact resistance of reinforced polymeric materials." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.312834.

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Banik, Chandan Kumer. "High mass low velocity impact on concrete beams." Thesis, Heriot-Watt University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10399/160.

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David-West, Opukuro Sunday. "Low velocity impact studies on CFRP composite structures." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.428854.

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Ehrich, Fabian. "Low velocity impact on pre-loaded composite structures." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/24662.

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Low velocity impact is a serious hazard for laminated composite structures. It can result in considerable loss of mechanical performance and must be taken into account during the design process. Extensive knowledge of the composite damage processes and advanced numerical simulation tools can help find optimal designs and reducing development costs. In addition to normal service loads such as bending moments, shear forces, torques, pressure loads, etc. airframe structures also have to withstand impact loads resulting from hailstones, runway debris or tool drops during maintenance work. These impacts are likely to happen while the airframe is stressed under normal service loads. The superposition of service loads and impact loads is likely to alter the impact response of a structure compared to an unloaded structure. In this work, the influence of in-plane compressive loads on the low velocity impact response of carbon fibre epoxy composites is studied. Low velocity impact experiments on T800s/M21 UD carbon fibre epoxy laminates, under various compressive pre-strains, have been carried out with impact energies of up to 45J. The compressive pre-load applied to the structure was observed to significantly increase the impact damage and reduce the post-impact strength. To predict the damage resulting from impacts with and without pre-loads, a 2D damage model has been developed and implemented into the commercial finite element code ABAQUS/Explicit. The model is based on a combination of continuous damage mechanics and fracture mechanics with interactions between damage modes considered for both, damage initiation and damage propagation. Thereby damage degradation is following non-linear propagation laws. The model's material degradation is governed by the material's fracture toughnesses which are important material input parameters for the damage model. A detailed series of laboratory tests have been conducted to develop test set-ups for the measurement of translaminar fracture toughness values, which are used as input units for the damage model.

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Madjidi, Saeid. "Low velocity impact of obliquely inclined composite plates." Thesis, University of the West of Scotland, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.535957.

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A study into the performance of CSM (Chopped Strand Mat) reinforced polyester laminates subject to low velocity impact at oblique angles is presented. The investigation encompasses both an experimental and theoretical assessment of the impact event, viz damage tolerance and residual material properties of flat, clamped composite plates. A short introduction is followed by a comprehensive review of the most relevant published literature on all aspects of impact induced damage. A theoretical analysis based on the use of damage toughness parameters is formulated to predict the residual tensile strength and stiffness properties of impact damaged plates. The analysis is further extended to determine the total internal stress distribution in the system. A combination of Hertzian contact, plate bending and finite element solution are used to establish the influence of plate inclination on the resulting stress state. Several common failure criteria were used to predict the extent of the damage. These predictions are compared with experimental data. Results from an extensive experimental programme are presented A fully instrumented test rig was used to assess the influence of imparted energy, impact force, and plate indentation with respect to surface indentation profiles, damage areas and micrographic evidence. The theoretical and experimental results are graphically presented, discussed in detail and exhibit good agreement. The study is finally concluded with comments summarising the most pertinent points derived from the present investigation together with recommendations for further work.

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Books on the topic "Low-velocity impact"

1

Al-Jolahy, A. M. Low velocity impact by flat ended indenter. Manchester: UMIST, 1997.

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Srinivasan, K. Response of composite materials to low velocity impact. Hampton, Va: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Langley Research Center, 1991.

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3

Bower, Mark V. Investigation of low velocity impact damage on filamentary composite materials. Huntsville, Ala: University of Alabama in Huntsville, 1987.

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4

J, Douglas M., and George C. Marshall Space Flight Center., eds. A comparison of quasi-static indentation to low-velocity impact. MSFC, AL: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Marshall Space Flight Center, 2000.

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5

V, Sankar Bhavani, and Langley Research Center, eds. Indentation-flexure and low-velocity impact damage in graphite/epoxy laminates. Hampton, Va: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Langley Research Center, 1992.

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V, Sankar Bhavani, and Langley Research Center, eds. Indentation-flexure and low-velocity impact damage in graphite/epoxy laminates. Hampton, Va: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Langley Research Center, 1992.

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7

Lance, D. G. Low velocity instrumented impact testing of four new damage tolerant carbon/epoxy composite systems. Huntsville, Ala: George C. Marshall Space Flight Center, 1990.

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Kelkar, Ajit Dhundiraj. Analyses of quasi-isotropic composite plates under quasi-static point loads simulating low-velocity impact phenomena. Norfolk, Va: Old Dominion University, 1985.

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9

Lymer, John Douglas. The characterization of low velocity impact damage in composite materials using an embedded optical fibre assessment system. [Downsview, Ont.]: Department of Aerospace Science and Engineering, 1988.

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United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Scientific and Technical Information Program., ed. Acoustic emission monitoring of low velocity impact damage in graphite/epoxy laminates during tensile loading. [Washington, DC]: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Office of Management, Scientific and Technical Information Program, 1992.

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Book chapters on the topic "Low-velocity impact"

1

Syed Abdullah, S. I. B. "Low Velocity Impact Testing on Laminated Composites." In Impact Studies of Composite Materials, 1–17. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-1323-4_1.

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Goedeke, Shawn M., William A. Hollerman, Stephen W. Allison, and Ross S. Fontenot. "Detection of Low-Velocity-Impact Triboluminescent Emissions." In Triboluminescence, 333–50. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-38842-7_11.

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Fang, Qin, Hao Wu, and Xiangzhen Kong. "Response of UHPCC-FST Subjected to Low-Velocity Impact." In UHPCC Under Impact and Blast, 237–69. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-6842-2_8.

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Singh, Kalyan Kumar, and Mahesh Shinde. "Low Velocity Impact on Fibre Reinforced Polymer Composite Laminates." In Impact Behavior of Fibre Reinforced Laminates, 83–105. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-9439-4_3.

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Sen, Vikrant, and Shivdayal Patel. "Corrugated Sandwich Structure Modeling Under Low Velocity Impact." In Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, 94–107. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-9523-0_11.

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Brennan, Raymond E., and William H. Green. "Low Velocity Impact Damage Characterization of Transparent Materials." In Advances in Ceramic Armor VII, 139–50. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118095256.ch13.

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Sarasini, Fabrizio, Jacopo Tirillò, Claudia Sergi, and Francesca Sbardella. "The Potential of Biocomposites in Low Velocity Impact Resistance Applications." In Impact Studies of Composite Materials, 107–29. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-1323-4_8.

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Singh, Kalyan Kumar, and Mahesh Shinde. "Low Velocity Impact on Carbon Fibre Reinforced Polymer Composite Laminates." In Impact Behavior of Fibre Reinforced Laminates, 107–47. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-9439-4_4.

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Fang, Qin, Hao Wu, and Xiangzhen Kong. "Dynamic Responses of Reinforced UHPCC Members Under Low-Velocity Lateral Impact." In UHPCC Under Impact and Blast, 271–318. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-6842-2_9.

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Mars, Jamel, Mondher Wali, Remi Delille, and Fakhreddine Dammak. "Low Velocity Impact Behavior of Glass Fibre-Reinforced Polyamide." In Applied Condition Monitoring, 469–79. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-14532-7_48.

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Conference papers on the topic "Low-velocity impact"

1

Jones, N., and R. S. Birch. "Low velocity perforation design of metal plates." In STRUCTURES UNDER SHOCK AND IMPACT 2006. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/su060181.

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Arnold, Werner, Thomas Hartmann, and Ernst Rottenkolber. "Filling the Gap between Hypervelocity and Low Velocity Impacts." In 2019 15th Hypervelocity Impact Symposium. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/hvis2019-073.

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Abstract During more than one decade of studying initiation phenomenology numerous papers at the previous HVIS and other symposia ([1] - [12]) were published. Most of them dealt with the hypervelocity impact initiation of plastic bonded high explosive charges by shaped charge jets (SCJ) and a few ones reported results in the ordnance velocity impact regime with STANAG projectiles and explosively formed projectiles (EFP) ([2] & [11]). A recent finding of our investigations of shaped charge jet (SCJ) attacks suggests that the critical stimulus S = v2∙d (v = SCJ / projectile velocity; d = SCJ / projectile diameter) for the initiation of a munition can no longer be seen as a constant (S ≠ const.) ([11] & [10]). Also, known equations, e.g. Jacobs-Roslund [13], are not capable to describe low velocity and hypervelocity impacts with the same parameter set.

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Veazie, David, and Marcus Webb. "Low velocity impact of sandwich composites." In 19th AIAA Applied Aerodynamics Conference. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2001-1225.

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Singh, Sonam, Jaya Krishna Meka, Umang Soni, and Rutika Raninga. "Instrumentation of low velocity impact facility." In 2017 International Conference on Computing Methodologies and Communication (ICCMC). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccmc.2017.8282535.

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Hundekari, R., and S. Gururaja. "Low Velocity Impact Damage on CFRPs: A Parametric Study." In ASME 2012 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2012-86228.

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Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastics (CFRPs) are extensively used in modern aircraft structures due to their high specific strength and stiffness properties. Upon impact by the foreign objects, the strength and stiffness of CFRP structures reduces drastically which is of major concern for aircraft designers since aircraft structures often witness sudden impact events during their life cycle. Typical impact events include tool drop during manufacturing and maintenance, runway debris during take-offs/landings or bird strike events. In particular, low velocity impact (LVI) events have been found to be specially detrimental to the load-carrying capability of aero-structures. It is therefore very important to characterize the loss of strength and stiffness accompanying such impacts on composite structures. The present work presents an idealized problem of LVI on a square CFRP plate using a spherical impactor. A parametric study has been carried out to investigate the behaviour of CFRP plate under varying impactor velocity, size, laminate thickness and stacking sequence. Impact damage initiation data has been developed for the parameters considered using the numerical framework developed for LVI. It is believed that the numerical simulations discussed in this paper will help aircraft designers to predict the response of different laminate systems under various impact scenarios and will guide them to choose appropriate material system.

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DEMUTS, E. "LOW VELOCITY IMPACT IN A GRAPHITE/PEEK." In 34th Structures, Structural Dynamics and Materials Conference. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.1993-1403.

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Abot, J., and I. Daniel. "Composite sandwich beams under low-velocity impact." In 19th AIAA Applied Aerodynamics Conference. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2001-1186.

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SUN, C. "Low velocity impact of composite sandwich panels." In 32nd Structures, Structural Dynamics, and Materials Conference. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.1991-1077.

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Liu, Yingtao, Masoud Yekani Fard, and Aditi Chattopadhyay. "Kernel Feature Space Based Low Velocity Impact Monitoring." In ASME 2012 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smasis2012-8242.

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Impact damage has been identified as a critical form of defect that constantly threatens the reliability of composite structures, such as those used in aircrafts and naval vessels. Low energy impacts can introduce barely visible damage and cause structural degradation. Therefore, efficient structural health monitoring methods, which can accurately detect, quantify, and localize impact damage in complex composite structures, are required. In this paper a novel damage detection methodology is demonstrated for monitoring and quantifying the impact damage propagation. Statistical feature matrices, composed of features extracted from the time and frequency domains, are developed. Kernel Principal Component Analysis (KPCA) is used to compress and classify the statistical feature matrices. Compared with traditional PCA algorithm, KPCA method shows better feature clustering and damage quantification capabilities. A new damage index, formulated using Mahalanobis distance, is defined to quantify impact damage. The developed methodology has been validated using low velocity impact experiments with a sandwich composite wing.

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Idan, Muayad Mohammed. "Low Velocity Impact Response of Laminated Composite Cylinder." In 2019 2nd International Conference on Engineering Technology and its Applications (IICETA). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iiceta47481.2019.9012986.

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Reports on the topic "Low-velocity impact"

1

Morrissey, Timothy G., Mattison K. Ferber, Andrew A. Wereszczak, and Ethan E. Fox. Low Velocity Sphere Impact of a Borosilicate Glass. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1039240.

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Lawrence, Bradley D., and Ryan P. Emerson. A Comparison of Low-Velocity Impact and Quasi-Static Indentation. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, December 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada579696.

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Morrissey, Timothy G., Ethan E. Fox, Andrew A. Wereszczak, and Mattison K. Ferber. Initial Examination of Low Velocity Sphere Impact of Glass Ceramics. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1042911.

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Wereszczak, Andrew A., Ethan E. Fox, Timothy G. Morrissey, and Daniel J. Vuono. Low Velocity Sphere Impact of a Soda Lime Silicate Glass. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1026738.

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Parker, Gary R. Jr, Matthew D. Holmes, Eric Mann Heatwole, Philip Rae, and Peter Dickson. Falling Man Impact Experiments: The Response of Materials to Low Velocity Penetrating Impacts with Simulated Human Impact Dynamics. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1079558.

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Fitek, John, and Erin Meyer. Design of a Helmet Liner for Improved Low Velocity Impact Protection. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, May 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada578032.

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English, Shawn Allen, Stacy Michelle Nelson, Timothy Briggs, and Arthur A. Brown. Verification and Validation of Carbon-Fiber Laminate Low Velocity Impact Simulations. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1159455.

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Arroyo, Jose R., Robert M. Ebeling, and Bruce C. Barker. Analysis of Impact Loads from Full-Scale, Low-Velocity, Controlled Barge Impact Experiments, December 1998. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada415165.

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9

Witte, M. C., W. J. Hovingh, G. C. Mok, S. S. Murty, T. F. Chen, and L. E. Fischer. Summary and evaluation of low-velocity impact tests of solid steel billet onto concrete pads. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/576072.

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10

Hosur, Mahesh V., Shaik Jeelani, Uday K. Vaidya, and Ajit D. Kelkar. Survivability of Affordable Aircraft Composite Structures. Volume 3: Characterization of Affordable Woven Carbon/Epoxy Composites Under Low-Velocity Impact Loading. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada421601.

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