Relevant bibliographies by topics / Low voltage motors

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Low voltage motors'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 7 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Low voltage motors"

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Popa, Gabriel Nicolae, and Corina Maria Diniș. "Complex Electronic Protection for Low-voltage Three-phase Induction Motors." WSEAS TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTRONICS 11 (May 7, 2020): 11–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.37394/232017.2020.11.2.

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Low-voltage three-phase induction motors are most often used in industrial electric drives. Electric motors must be protected by electric and/or electronic devices against: short-circuit, overloads, asymmetrical currents, two-phase voltage operation, under-voltage, and over-temperature. To design the electronic protection currents, voltages and temperature must be measured to determine whether they fall within normal limits. The electronic protection was design into low capacity PLC. The paper presents the designs and analysis of complex electronic protection for general purpose low-voltage three-phase induction motors. The electronic protection has Hall transducers and conversion electronic devices for AC currents to DC voltages, AC voltages to DC voltage, temperature to DC voltage, a low capacity PLC, switches, motor’s power contactors, and signalling lamps has been developed. Experiments with complex electronic protection, for different faults are presented. The proposed protection has the advantages of incorporating all usual protections future for the low-voltage three-phase induction motors.
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Romanova, Victoria, and Sergey Khromov. "Operational reliability of low-voltage asynchronous motors at asymmetrical supply voltage." E3S Web of Conferences 139 (2019): 01053. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201913901053.

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Issues of operating modes of 4A series asynchronous squirrel-cage motors and AI serried motors at asymmetrical supply voltage for different values of motor shaft load are considered on the basis of simulation using Matlab software package and Simulink package. In the simulation, currents in asynchronous motor phases were evaluated as a function of K2U, KZ, and based on these results, permissible operation parameters were evaluated for induction motors. The results obtained are the basis for technical solutions aimed at improving operational reliability of asynchronous motors, they will allow taking into account permissible operating parameters of asynchronous motors not only in the design, but also in operation in power supply systems of various facilities.
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Chausovsky, Alex. "Low voltage motors market analysed." World Pumps 2014, no. 5 (May 2014): 16–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0262-1762(14)70105-1.

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Belsare, Karan S., and Gajanan D. Patil. "Advance Protection for Three Phase Induction Motor using Microcontroller Atmega32." International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Science and Software Engineering 8, no. 1 (January 30, 2018): 172. http://dx.doi.org/10.23956/ijarcsse.v8i1.566.

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A low cost and reliable protection scheme has been designed for a three phase induction motor against unbalance voltages, under voltage, over voltage, short circuit and overheating protection. Taking the cost factor into consideration the design has been proposed using microcontroller Atmega32, MOSFETs, relays, small CTs and PTs. However the sensitivity of the protection scheme has been not compromised. The design has been tested online in the laboratory for small motors and the same can be implemented for larger motors by replacing the i-v converters and relays of suitable ratings.
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Belsare, Karan S., and Gajanan D. Patil. "Advance Protection for Three Phase Induction Motor using Microcontroller Atmega32." International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Science and Software Engineering 8, no. 2 (March 6, 2018): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.23956/ijarcsse.v8i2.572.

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A low cost and reliable protection scheme has been designed for a three phase induction motor against unbalance voltages, under voltage, over voltage, short circuit and overheating protection. Taking the cost factor into consideration the design has been proposed using microcontroller Atmega32, MOSFETs, relays, small CTs and PTs. However the sensitivity of the protection scheme has been not compromised. The design has been tested online in the laboratory for small motors and the same can be implemented for larger motors by replacing the i-v converters and relays of suitable ratings.
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Höpner, Vanessa Neves, and Volmir Eugênio Wilhelm. "Insulation Life Span of Low-Voltage Electric Motors—A Survey." Energies 14, no. 6 (March 21, 2021): 1738. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14061738.

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The use of static frequency converters, which have a high switching frequency, generates voltage pulses with a high rate of change over time. In combination with cable and motor impedance, this generates repetitive overvoltage at the motor terminals, influencing the occurrence of partial discharges between conductors, causing degradation of the insulation of electric motors. Understanding the effects resulting from the frequency converter–electric motor interaction is essential for developing and implementing insulation systems with characteristics that support the most diverse applications, have an operating life under economically viable conditions, and promote energy efficiency. With this objective, a search was carried out in three recognized databases. Duplicate articles were eliminated, resulting in 1069 articles, which were systematically categorized and reviewed, resulting in 481 articles discussing the causes of degradation in the insulation of electric motors powered by frequency converters. A bibliographic portfolio was built and evaluated, with 230 articles that present results on the factors that can be used in estimating the life span of electric motor insulation. In this structure, the historical evolution of the collected information, the authors who conducted the most research on the theme, and the relevance of the knowledge presented in the works were considered.
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Nogal, Łukasz, Andrzej Magdziarz, Désiré Dauphin Rasolomampionona, Piotr Łukaszewski, Łukasz Sapuła, and Radosław Szreder. "The Laboratory Analysis of the Thermal Processes Occurring in Low-Voltage Asynchronous Electric Motors." Energies 14, no. 8 (April 8, 2021): 2056. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14082056.

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The exact nature of thermal processes occurring in an electric motor is often unknown. Thus, the estimation of temperature rise using mathematical models and computational experiments is becoming increasingly important. Thermal analysis is the key design aspect, which has become significant in the design process for electric motors. The thermal analysis of electric motors can be helpful in developing effective thermal monitoring methods. This analysis is crucial for a better understanding of the overall performance and failure prevention for these electrical motors. In this paper, laboratory investigations of thermal processes in low-voltage asynchronous motors are described. The analysis of the results leads to the conclusion that the classic single-exponential models do not match the dynamically changing thermal processes in electric motors especially in the case of intermittent motor operation.
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Cazacu, Emil, Valentin Ioniţă, and Lucian Petrescu. "TRANSIENT STATE CHARACTERIZATION OF ASYNCHRONOUS MOTORS IN MODERN LOW-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC INSTALLATIONS." Scientific Bulletin of Electrical Engineering Faculty 18, no. 1 (April 1, 2018): 19–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/sbeef-2017-0017.

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Abstract: Low-voltage asynchronous motor is the most common load used in any industrial electric facility. Due to their robustness and reliability, the induction motors have a very large application spectrum and are to be found in a variety of power units. It is assumed that over 70% of total energy used in any electric utility is dedicated to the electric motor drive systems. The paper quantitatively studies the transient state of such motors, which occurs at their start-up. The waveforms characteristics of these inrush currents are predetermined mainly by solving the associated differential equations that describe the dynamic phenomena at their start-up. An experimental investigation on an induction motor of 4 kW is also carried out. Supplementary, different solutions for the energising of these low-voltage motors are presented highlighting their performances and limits. These methods are critically rated according to their mitigation ability of the power quality issues associated with the energizing process.
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Romanova, V. V., S. V. Khromov, and K. V. Suslov. "Analysis of influencing factors affecting the operational reliability of low-voltage asynchronous electric motors." Power engineering: research, equipment, technology 23, no. 3 (July 20, 2021): 95–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.30724/1998-9903-2021-23-3-95-104.

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THE PURPOSE. The main purpose of the work is a comprehensive study of external influences that affect the operational reliability of low-voltage asynchronous motors. Attention is focused on the evaluation of the operational reliability of electric motors, the systematization of their operating conditions, with the simultaneous impact of a group of operational factors. Among these factors that are subject to detailed analysis, we will highlight the following: the asymmetry of the stress and its duration, loading of the motor, the temperature of the environment. In this regard, it becomes obvious that the task of improving the operational reliability of low-voltage asynchronous electric motors depends on a qualitative study of the quantitative values of external influencing factors in various operating modes of electric motors. METHODS. The tool for implementing this task is a visual and effective simulation tool Simulink interactive programming environment Matlab. RESULTS. The research was performed on an asynchronous electric motor with a short-circuited rotor AIR160S8 with PH = 7,5 kW, rated speed n = 1500 rpm. The physical processes of the electric motor under study were modeled by changing the following parameters: the coefficient of stress asymmetry in the reverse sequence (K2U), the load on the motor shaft (Kz), the ambient temperature (tocr), and the duration of stress asymmetry in the reverse sequence (T). Based on the obtained simulation results, groups of planes of the studied quantities are constructed. CONCLUSION. A set of studies performed using the Matlab software package allowed us to estimate the limits of acceptable values of external factors and identify the area of acceptable operation of asynchronous motors. The analysis and discussion of the research results were carried out, and measures were proposed to improve the operational reliability of asynchronous electric motors.
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Romanova, V. V., S. V. Khromov, and K. V. Suslov. "Analysis of influencing factors affecting the operational reliability of low-voltage asynchronous electric motors." Power engineering: research, equipment, technology 23, no. 3 (July 20, 2021): 80–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.30724/1998-9903-2021-23-3-80-89.

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THE PURPOSE. The main purpose of the work is a comprehensive study of external influences that affect the operational reliability of low-voltage asynchronous motors. Attention is focused on the evaluation of the operational reliability of electric motors, the systematization of their operating conditions, with the simultaneous impact of a group of operational factors. Among these factors that are subject to detailed analysis, we will highlight the following: the asymmetry of the stress and its duration, loading of the motor, the temperature of the environment. In this regard, it becomes obvious that the task of improving the operational reliability of low-voltage asynchronous electric motors depends on a qualitative study of the quantitative values of external influencing factors in various operating modes of electric motors. METHODS. The tool for implementing this task is a visual and effective simulation tool Simulink interactive programming environment Matlab. RESULTS. The research was performed on an asynchronous electric motor with a short-circuited rotor AIR160S8 with PH = 7,5 kW, rated speed n = 1500 rpm. The physical processes of the electric motor under study were modeled by changing the following parameters: the coefficient of stress asymmetry in the reverse sequence (K2U), the load on the motor shaft (Kz), the ambient temperature (tocr), and the duration of stress asymmetry in the reverse sequence (T). Based on the obtained simulation results, groups of planes of the studied quantities are constructed. CONCLUSION. A set of studies performed using the Matlab software package allowed us to estimate the limits of acceptable values of external factors and identify the area of acceptable operation of asynchronous motors. The analysis and discussion of the research results were carried out, and measures were proposed to improve the operational reliability of asynchronous electric motors.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Low voltage motors"

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Luong, David, and Ibrahim Salloum. "Investigation of electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) of low-voltage (<60V) DC electric motors in construction machinery application." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Fysik och elektroteknik, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-162160.

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The brushed DC motor is a source of electromagnetic emission that may cause interference. The main issues with brushed DC motor are arcing, which occurs between the brushes and commutator, and inrush current. It is possible to decrease the electromagnetic emissions by addressing the source (brushed dc motor) and the installation. The source may be addressed by using filters in the form of X2Y-capacitors on the terminals or ferrites on the cables. The installation does not produce any emission, but it is possible to lower its contribution. This is done by altering the installation like changing the placement of cables and provide good coupling. An effective way of decreasing inrush currents is by using negative-thermal-coefficient (NTC) thermistors. Another measure to improve the EMC properties of the brushed DC motor is to design the motor so that it can trap EM emissions. Some of these parameters are motor house material, end-cap material, vent holes or slots on motor housing, placement of power terminals, crimping tabs and motor enclosure.
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Karlsson, Anders. "Cooling methods for electrical machines : Simulation based evaluation of cooling fins found on low voltage general purpose machines." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Elektricitetslära, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-217171.

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The main goal of this thesis project is to identify interesting concepts related to cooling of electrical motors and generators which could be evaluated using suitable computer simulation tools. As the project proceeded it was decided to focus on investigating how the air from a fan flows along the finned frame of a general purpose low voltage electrical machine, how the heat is transferred between the frame and the cooling air and what the temperature distribution looks like. It was also investigated if it is possible to make improvements in the effectiveness of the cooling without adding additional coolers. This investigation focused on varying the fin design and evaluating the resulting temperature distribution. Due to the complex nature of the simulations a segment, and not the full frame, was considered. Simulation model validation was performed through comparing air speed measurements that were performed on two different machines with the corresponding simulated air speed. The validation showed that good agreement between simulated and measured air speeds are obtained. The conclusion from the simulations is that slight modifications to the current fin design could increase the cooling effect of the finned surface. The air velocity measurements also indicate that the cooling of the machines surface could potentially be improved by small changes in the exterior of the frame.
Målet med detta examensarbete var att identifiera intressanta koncept relaterade till kylning av elektriska maskiner och generatorer, som kunde utvärderas med lämplig programvara för datorsimuleringar. Under projektets gång så bestämdes det att fokusera på hur luften från en fläkt flödar längs med en generell lågspänningsmaskin, hur värmen överförs från ramen till den omgivande luften och hur temperaturfördelningen ser ut. Det undersöktes även om det var möjligt att förbättra effektiviteten av kylningen utan att ansluta extra kylanordningar. Undersökningarna fokuserades på olika fendesigner och dess påverkan på värmefördelningen. På grund av simuleringarnas komplexitet så har simuleringarna endast utförts på ett segment istället för hela maskinen. Validering av simuleringarna utfördes genom att jämföra de simulerade lufthastigheterna med verklig lufthastighet som mättes på två maskiner i testmiljö. Valideringen visade att simuleringarna överensstämmer väl med de mätningar som utfördes. Slutsatsen utifrån simuleringarna är att mindre förändringar av fenornas nuvarande design kan förbättra fenornas kylningsförmåga. Mätningarna av lufthastigheten ger även indikationer på att kylningen av maskinens utsida eventuellt kan förbättras genom små förändringar av ramens exteriör.
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Szczepanski, Mateusz. "Development of methods allowing the test and the comparison of low-voltage motors insulation systems running under partial discharges (fed by inverter)." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019TOU30073.

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Depuis le développement des composants d'électronique de puissance qui ont permis la fabrication d'onduleurs fiables et efficaces, les entraînements à vitesse variable utilisant des moteurs asynchrones sont devenus de plus en plus populaires. La technique MLI s'est avérée être une méthode très efficace de contrôle de la vitesse de rotation. Cependant, les impulsions de tension, avec des pentes très raides (de l'ordre de quelques kV/µs), ont apporté de nouveaux risques pour le système d'isolation électrique des moteurs. La richesse harmonique de la tension MLI entraînera une surtension significative due à une différence d'impédance entre le câble et le moteur. En effet, la tension observée par certaines parties du système d'isolation peut dépasser la tension d'apparition des décharges partielles (ang. PDIV); ce qui amorcera une activité de décharges partielles localisée. Le système d'isolation des machines basse tension (appelé type I) est basé presque entièrement sur des matériaux polymères qui ne sont pas conçus pour supporter des décharges partielles tout au long de leur vie. En raison de l'utilisation de variateurs de fréquence, l'isolation primaire du fil émaillée est en danger par rapport aux machines alimentées par réseau. En conséquence, c'est souvent le point le plus faible du système d'isolation qui conduira à la panne prématurée d'une machine. Le but de cette thèse est d'étudier et d'analyser le processus de vieillissement du fil émaillé exposé aux différents facteurs et de proposer une méthode permettant de prédire les durées de vie dans des conditions fixées. Cette étude introduit une prédiction basée sur la méthode des plans d'expériences et la distribution statistique de Weibull. Grâce au modèle obtenu avec des tests de vieillissement courts multicontraintes (température, tension, fréquence) il est possible de prédire les résultats de tests significativement plus longs. De plus, la méthodologie proposée permet de prédire la dispersion des essais longs en se basant sur la dispersion des résultats à court terme. Les prédictions sont comparées avec les données expérimentales afin de prouver la précision du modèle
Since the development of power electronic components, which allowed the manufacturing of reliable and efficient inverters, variable speed drives using inductive motors have become more and more popular. The PWM technique has proven to be a very effective method of rotational speed control. However, the fast changing voltage pulses, with very steep slopes (in the order of a few kV/µs), has brought new hazards for the electrical insulation system of such motors. Very high frequency harmonic components of PWM voltage will result in significant overvoltage due to an impedance mismatch between the cable and the motor. As an effect, the voltage seen by some parts of the insulation system may exceed the Partial Discharge Inception Voltage (PDIV) stating localized partial discharges activity. The insulation system in low-voltage machines (called type I) is based almost entirely on polymer materials, which are not able to support partial discharge activity throughout their lives. Due to the use of frequency inverters especially the primary insulation of the magnet wire is endangered in comparison with system-powered machines. As a result this is often the weakest link of the insulation system leading to a premature breakdown of the machine. The aim of this thesis is to investigate and analyze the aging process of the enameled wire exposed to different factors and to propose a method allowing to predict their lifespans in given conditions. This study introduces a prediction based on the Design of Experiments method and the statistical Weibull distribution. Thanks to the model obtained with short multi-stress (temperature, voltage, frequency) aging tests, it is possible to predict the results of significantly longer ones. Moreover, the adapted methodology is proposed that allows to predict the scatter of the long tests basing on the short-time results dispersion. The predictions are compared with the experimental data in order to prove the model accuracy
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Billard, Thibaut. "Off-line and on-line partial discharges detection in low voltage motors of electric vehicle fed by a PWM inverter using non-intrusive sensor." Toulouse 3, 2014. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/2555/.

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Pour faire varier la vitesse d'un moteur d'une voiture électrique, un onduleur de tension avec une modulation de largeur d'impulsion (MLI) est utilisé. Les temps de commutation de plus en plus courts créent un grand nombre de fronts de tension. L'utilisation d'un onduleur sur une machine basse tension est de plus en plus répandue et peut provoquer une réduction de la durée de vie des machines. Tout d'abord, la répartition de la tension au sein de la bobine est fortement inhomogène à cause de la nature impulsionnelle de la tension. Dans des machines basse tension avec un bobinage en vrac, il y a donc une probabilité non négligeable que les quelques premières spires de la bobine supportant la tension lors de la commutation soient adjacentes avec les dernières, faisant ainsi supporter à l'isolation interspire une forte différence de potentiel. La désadaptation d'impédance entre les câbles de puissance et les bornes de la machine peuvent également générer des surtensions, augmentant encore la sollicitation sur l'isolation électrique. Dans ces conditions défavorables, des décharges partielles peuvent apparaitre et contribuer à la dégradation de l'isolation électrique, réduisant ainsi la durée de vie des machines. Pire encore, des moteurs ayant passé avec succès des essais de qualification en impulsionnel pour être alimentés par un onduleur de tension ont malgré tout des durées de vie réduites. Si de tels phénomènes sont facilement détectables en 50Hz, il devient difficile de les détecter de manière électrique avec un onduleur de tension avec l'amplitude et la variation du courant. De plus, l'onduleur de tension génère un bruit électromagnétique important perturbant les mesures avec les capteurs non-intrusifs. L'objectif de cette thèse est donc de développer une méthode de détection de décharges partielles, à l'aide d'un capteur non-intrusif, dans un moteur de voiture électrique alimenté par un onduleur de tension en on-line, ainsi qu'en off-line, afin de fournir des données pertinentes lors de la conception d'un moteur électrique, de test fin de chaine ou d'essai en fatigue. Pour atteindre cet objectif, une suite d'expériences montant en complexité ont permis de confronter le dispositif de détection à des conditions de plus en plus proches de celles d'une voiture électrique
To control the speed of the motor in an electric vehicle, one solution is to use in the powertrain an inverter drive with pulse width modulation (PWM). This device is recreating a sinusoidal current on each phase with a high number of short pulses of the same amplitude but with a dynamic duty cycle. Recent advances in power electronics allowed switching time to be quicker and quicker thus creating voltage pulses with shorter and shorter rise time. The use of PWM inverter to fed low voltage is now widespread but not without posing well-known problems regarding the reliability of the machine. When an electric motor is fed with a very number of pulses per second, each pulse is not propagating immediately along the winding and thus the voltage distribution is not uniform as in the sinusoidal case. As a result, most of the voltage is located within the first turns of the coil during the first moment of the switching. When the motor is random wound, first and last turns of the same coil could be adjacent thus putting high demand on the turn-to-turn insulation. Impedance mismatch between power cables and motors terminals could lead to overvoltage which are increasing the electrical stress on the insulation system. In the worst-case scenario, partial discharges could occur and contribute to the gradual deterioration of the insulation materials thus leading to premature failure. If partial discharges are easily detected with sinusoidal voltage with standard testing procedure, it becomes much harder to so when the sample under test is fed by a PWM inverter drive. Indeed, it is very difficult to spot very low amplitude partial discharges signals among very large amplitude voltage and current. Moreover, the PWM inverter is generating electro-magnetical noise, which is highly disturbing in partial discharge detection using RF non-intrusive sensor. Worse still, some electric motors having passed successfully AC or repetitive impulses acceptance tests may still fail prematurely when fed by a PWM inverter drive. The aim of this Ph. D thesis is thus to develop a non-intrusive partial discharges detection method, using a non-intrusive sensor, off-line and on-line in an electric motor fed by a PWM inverter drive. To achieve this, a series of experiments, gradually growing in complexity, will test the detection method with harsher and harsher conditions, thus closer and closer to realistic electric vehicle operating conditions. From a single-phase test on an electric stator to a full-scale test on an industrial engine test bench, off-line and on-line detection proves to be possible. In addition, visual observations and experiments have been carried out to better understand the physics of the observed light emitting discharges
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Malgerud, Johan, and Daniel Skarp. "Energy efficient control of a low voltage motor to extend battery life." Thesis, KTH, Maskinkonstruktion (Inst.), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-202394.

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Intresset för elektromekaniska lås ökar, på grund av dess många fördelar jämfört med de rent mekaniska låsen. Fördelar med elektromekaniska lås är, tillgång till online tillträdes hantering och billigare nycklar. Dessa applikationer är ofta batteridriven vilket ökar behovet av energibesparing för att förlänga batteriets livslängd. Detta examensarbete har till syfte att minska energiförbrukningen i ASSA ABLOY lås, Aperio E100 med hjälp av mer intelligent motorstyrning, samt genom att välja lämpligare hårdvara. Avhandlingen börjar med att utvärdera olika ställdonstyper, och välja det mest lämpliga för Aperio E100 låset. En mer djupgående undersökning för denna motortyp genomförs sedan för att hitta nya energieffektiva styrmetoder samt en mer passande motor och motor brygga. En borstlös DC motor valdes för att ersätta det nuvarande borst DC motorn i Aperio E100. En spänningsstegsmetod används för att minska energiförbrukningen, genom att simulera ingångssteg med hjälp av MATLAB Simulink. Den totala förbrukningen av borst DC motorn minskade med 33%, och den borstlösa DC motorn med 89%. Dessa minskningar av motorkonsumtionen ledde till en teoretisk förlägning av batteritiden på 8 respektive 17,6 månader.
The interest for electromechanical locks is constantly increasing, with its many advantages over the purely mechanical varieties, such as intelligent access schedules, online access handling, and cheaper credentials. These applications are often battery powered making the need for energy conservation crucial when extending the battery lifetime.This master thesis will reduce the energy consumption of the ASSA ABLOY, Aperio E100 lock using more intelligent control of the motor, as well as by selecting more suitable hardware. The thesis starts out by evaluating different actuator types, and selecting the most suitable for the Aperio E100 application. An in depth study for this motor type then reveals new energy efficient control methods for this.A brushless DC motor is chosen to replace the current brushed DC motor in the application. A voltage trajectory method is then used to reduce the consumption, by simulating input steps using MATLAB. The total consumption of the brushed DC motor was reduced with 33%, and the brushless DC motor with 89%. These reductions in the motor consumption lead to a theoretical increase in the battery life of 8 and 17,6months respectively.
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Ponziani, Stefano. "Design and development of a synchro-reluctant interior permanent magnet motor (IPM), low voltage application." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2019.

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The work carried out in this paper was born with the aim of designing, developing and testing a low voltage electric motor for automotive application and naval traction. The motor is a synchro-reluctant interior permanent magnet motor (IPM).
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Ha, Keunsoo. "Position Estimation in Switched Reluctance Motor Drives Using the First Switching Harmonics of Phase Voltage and Current." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/28296.

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Position estimation using only active phase voltage and current is presented to perform high accuracy position sensorless control of a SRM drive. By extracting the amplitude of the first switching harmonic terms of phase voltage and current for a PWM period through Fourier analysis, flux-linkage and position are estimated without external hardware circuitry such as a modulator and demodulator, resulting in increasing cost, as well as large position estimation error produced when the motional back emf is ignored near zero speed. Hence the proposed position estimation scheme covers the entire speed range including the standstill under various loads and it has high resolution information depending on switching frequency. Fourier series and Fast Fourier transform are employed to decompose the phase voltage and current into its first switching harmonic. A two-phase SRM drive system, consisting of an asymmetrical converter and a conventional closed-loop PI current controller, is utilized to validate the performance of the proposed position estimation scheme in comprehensive operating conditions. The estimated values very closely track the actual values in dynamic simulations and experiments. It is shown that the proposed position estimation scheme using Fourier analysis is sufficiently accurate and works satisfactorily at various operating points. This research also proposes an accurate self-inductance measurement method. In general, when applying circulating currents within the body of a ferromagnetic material under conditions of a time varying magnetic flux, the effects of eddy current losses and resistance changes due to heating decrease the magnetic field strength and thereby the reduced magnetic field decreases the magnetic flux-linkage of SRM. These losses make a challenge to the measurement of magnetic characteristics of SRM. These motives lead to propose a measurement methodology based on 60 Hz sinusoidal excitation using a variable AC power supply, which provides an alternative to time domain integration approaches for self-inductance or flux-linkage measurement as well as eliminates error arising from thermal and eddy currents effects. The validation of the proposed method is verified with the correlation between the measurement and FEA results of flux-linkage. Furthermore, this research proposes the solutions for low cost and high efficiency drive systems, consisting of a split AC converter and a two-phase SRM. Its performance is analyzed and verified with experiments at the rated speed under various loads. It is believed that this drive system combined with the proposed position estimation scheme using Fourier analysis is a strong contender to be a low cost motor drive system with single switch per phase having comparable efficiency and acoustic noise level as an asymmetric drive system.
Ph. D.
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Neyra, Escobar Juan Carlos. "Análisis de los efectos de la forma del desbalance de voltaje de motores de inducción trifásicos." Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería. Programa Cybertesis PERÚ, 2004. http://cybertesis.uni.edu.pe/uni/2004/neyra_ej/html/index-frames.html.

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Pauletti, Luiz Celestino. "Um estudo de uso de gradador de tensão em motores de indução monofásicos." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/17566.

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O motor de indução é, talvez, o mais robusto e, certamente, um dos motores mais comumente usados. Graças à simplicidade de sua construção, do seu baixo custo, confiabilidade e rendimento relativamente alto com carga nominal é provável que ele permaneça sendo a principal fonte de transformação de energia elétrica em energia mecânica nas aplicações industriais e comerciais por um futuro previsível. O estudo de economia de energia pela redução de perdas é o objetivo do presente estudo. Os motores de indução operam regularmente com fluxo quase constante no entreferro e, portanto, com perdas magnéticas quase constantes. A utilização de um circuito gradador de tensão em série com a alimentação do motor para reduzir o fluxo no entreferro pela redução da tensão aplicada quando a carga não requer fluxo total é o objeto de análise neste estudo. Com a redução da tensão, para manter o conjugado de operação, a velocidade de rotação diminui, ou seja, há um aumento no escorregamento até um valor ótimo para reduzir as perdas totais. Então, esperaria-se que com a redução da tensão aplicada, as perdas magnéticas decresceriam e a eficiência total cresceria. Via de regra, no motor de indução, dada a característica mergulhante de sua curva Conjugado x Velocidade na região em torno da velocidade nominal, o conjugado varia muito mais que a velocidade. Para operação eficiente, a sua tensão aplicada deve ser função da carga que traciona. É objetivo desse trabalho estudar um dispositivo que, colocado em série com a fonte de alimentação de um motor de indução de CA, promove a redução de potência fornecida ao motor, quando a carga aplicada ao motor é menor que a carga nominal. Uma análise da redução da tensão senoidal aplicada através de um auto-transformador de tensão variável é comparada com a redução da tensão através de um circuito gradador baseado em tiristores. A melhor tensão a ser obtida é a que reduz as perdas magnéticas ao mínimo, para cargas que não requerem o fluxo total no entreferro como quando da tensão nominal aplicada. As limitações do processo são estudadas e apresentadas.
The induction motor is perhaps the most rugged, and certainly one of the most commonly used motors. With simply construction, low cost, reliability and efficiency relatively high with rated-load it seems to be a good way to convert electric energy into mechanical energy for industrial and domestic applications for a predictable future. An economy in energy consumption by loss reduction is the goal of this study. The induction motors as normal operate with constant flux in the air-gap and, hence with almost constant losses in the core. The use of a voltage gradador circuit in series with the voltage source applied to the motor for flux reduction in the air-gap by reduction of the voltage when the load do not need full-flux is this study proposal. Hence, with applied voltage reduction, to keep the operational torque, the motor rotation decreases or the slip increases to an optimum value to reduce the total core losses and increase the efficiency. As a rule, the induction motor, by the dip characteristic of the torque x speed curve in the region near the nominal speed, the torque changes much more then the speed. For efficient operation, the applied voltage should be a function of the load. It is the goal or aim of this work to study a device which, when placed in series with the power input of an alternating current induction motor, will produce a reduction in power normally provided to the motor when operated in either a condition where motor loading is less than a rated load. An analysis of voltage ideal sine wave supply reduction applied by an autotransformer with variable voltage is compared with the voltage reduction using a gradador circuit based on thyristors. The optimal voltage operation is the one that decrease the iron losses to minimum, for partial-load that do not need full-flux in the air-gap as when the full voltage is applied. Limitations in the process are investigated and will be showed.
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Telford, Cody L. "An Investigation of the Ward Leonard System for Use in a Hybrid or Electric Passenger Vehicle." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2012. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/3529.

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Since the early 1900's demand for fuel efficient vehicles has motivated the development of electric and hybrid electric vehicles. Unfortunately, some components used in these vehicles are expensive and complex. Today's consumer electric vehicles use dangerously high voltage,expensive electronic controllers, complex battery management systems and AC motors. The goal of this research at BYU is to increase safety by lowering the operating voltage and decrease cost by eliminating expensive controllers and decrease the number of battery cells. This paper specifically examines the use of a Ward Leonard Motor Control system for use in a passenger vehicle. The theory of the Ward Leonard system as an Infinitely Variable Transmission (IVT) is presented along with its history and past uses. Analogous systems are presented and similarities made in an attempt to enlighten designers to a broader design approach to increase safety and decrease cost of an electric or hybrid electric vehicle. The results of this research include a characterization of the Ward Leonard system as an IVT for use in an electric or hybrid (EV or HEV) passenger vehicle. These results include a study of past uses of the Ward Leonard system and what method is now used as a replacement. The theory of the Ward Leonard system and it operation is explained to an extent that someone not familiar with electronics can understand its working principles. A Control Factor metric was developed as a result of this research to measure the Ward Leonard System's ability to reduce the size of the electronic controller for application in an EV or HEV. The potential cost reduction of the electronic controller that would be used to control the Ward Leonard System compared with current EV and HEV vehicles was also research and identified. A bench top model of the Ward Leonard system was tested validating the Control Factor metric. The Ward Leonard system is capable of reducing the controller size by 77% and potentially reducing its cost by 68% or more. This work also provides performance characteristics for automotive designers and offers several design alternatives for EV and HEV architectures allowing the reduction of high voltage, the use of AC inverters, AC motors, expensive controllers and high cell count battery packs.
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Books on the topic "Low voltage motors"

1

Vonhof, Eberhard. Two phase switched reluctance motors for low voltage applications. Dublin: University College Dublin, 1996.

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Di ya dian dong ji kong zhi dian lu jie xi. Beijing Shi: Hua xue gong ye chu ban she, 2009.

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Johnny, Douglass, and Office of Industrial Technologies, Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, U.S. Department of Energy., eds. Model repair specifications for low voltage induction motors. Washington, D.C: Office of Industrial Technologies, Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, 1999.

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Book chapters on the topic "Low voltage motors"

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Van Roy, P., and R. Belmans. "Assessment of Efficiency of Low Voltage, Three Phase Motors." In Energy Efficiency in Motor Driven Systems, 95–100. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-55475-9_15.

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Dongwen, Wang, Wang Lianghui, Zhou Wei, and Wang Weishen. "Torque Ripple Suppression of Low Voltage Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Based on Harmonic Voltage Injection." In The Proceedings of the 9th Frontier Academic Forum of Electrical Engineering, 679–89. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-6609-1_62.

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"Asynchronous Motors (ASM)." In Analysis and Design of Low-Voltage Power Systems, 45–79. Weinheim, FRG: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/352760233x.ch5.

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Matt, Daniel, and Nadhem Boubaker. "Very Low Voltage and High Efficiency Motorisation for Electric Vehicles." In Emerging Electric Machines - Advances, Perspectives and Applications. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.95832.

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This chapter details the design of a new innovative solid bar winding for electrical machines (either motors or generators) dedicated to the electric propulsion. The goal of this new winding technique is to enhance the performance by better utilizing the stator slot and increasing the copper fill factor to higher than 75%, and also to reduce the inactive copper at the end-windings. Accordingly, many advantages arise from the application of this solid bar winding: higher torque-to-weight ratio, better thermal behavior, lower rotor losses, higher efficiency, higher reliability and lower cogging torque. However, the solid bar has its inherent constraints, which should be considered with care when designing an electric motor: the AC copper losses and the manufacturing process. The suggested winding technique aims at addressing these challenges.
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Vijayvargiya, Priya, and Arun Parakh. "Low-Cost Wireless Speed Control and Fault Mitigation of Three-Phase Induction Motor." In Computational Methodologies for Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 150–62. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-3327-7.ch012.

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This chapter presents a design proposal for low-cost speed control and electrical fault mitigation of three-phase induction motors. The proposed system can control and monitor TIMs (three-phase induction motors) from far-flung areas. Here authors have proposed a relay-free system for fast fault clearance. IoT technology and low-cost microcontrollers have helped in achieving a system that is more reliable, economical, user friendly, and fast. It can be controlled by mobile application at the comfort of home. Data related to fault occurrence can be stored and analyzed for preventive maintenance. V/f scalar control method is used for speed control of TIM and able to control it in a wide range. Electrical faults such as over-current, over-temperature, over-voltage, and under-voltage are considered in this chapter. Simulation of the proposed design is done using Proteus 8 software. ESP32 is used to runs a web server that connects the mobile app with simulation.
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Matt, Daniel, Nadhem Boubaker, Mourad Aitakkache, Philippe Enrici, Jean-Jacques Huselstein, and Thierry Martire. "High Power Very Low Voltage Electric Motor for Electric Vehicle." In New Perspectives on Electric Vehicles [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.99134.

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Electric vehicles are often designed in the same way as their conventional counterparts based on the internal combustion engine, they are heavy machines for comfort and safety reasons, and increasingly powerful. Under these conditions, in order to simplify the motor electrical supply system by reducing the current levels, the voltage chosen for the battery is very high and can go up to 700 V. However, for many applications where the power is relatively low (< 30 kW per motor), it can be more beneficial to size the system at very low voltage (< 60 V). This approach allows to overcome many constraining safety requirements and also to use off-the-shelf components (motor controllers, connectors, etc.) that are more easily available on the market in this voltage range. There are also many regulatory provisions that may require to stay within this voltage limit. This article presents a variety of very low voltage motorisation solutions with a required power up to 100kW. They use two complementary approaches. The first is to implement an original permanent magnet synchronous machine technology with an optimised armature winding for low voltage operation. The second is based on power splitting where the electrical machine being designed to be driven by multiple controllers. Many examples of low-voltage motorised vehicles (sporty vehicle, tractor, re-motorised automobile, etc.) are illustrated in this article.
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Johansson, Staffan. "Physiological requirements for action potential conduction, sensory awareness, and motor control." In Oxford Textbook of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, 235–39. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199682874.003.0033.

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Nervous system function depends on electrical and chemical signals. The nervous impulse is a fluctuation in voltage across the neuronal cell membrane, generated by ion currents through ion-selective, voltage-sensitive membrane channels. Neuronal information is encoded in the temporal pattern of such impulses propagated along the nerve fibres at speeds that may reach about 100 m/s in fibres electrically isolated by myelin. Signal transmission to other cells via synaptic contacts occurs mainly via chemical transmitters that control membrane ion channels and give rise to electrical responses in receiving cells, with plasticity in the process making the system capable of learning and memory storage. Since impulse generation as well as synaptic transmission depends on ion flux across the membrane, energy-dependent ion pumps are critical for maintaining the ion concentration gradients necessary for the nervous signals. As a consequence, the nervous system consumes a lot of energy and is sensitive to any lack of energy.
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Gu, Wei. "Tiny dual full-bridge Piezo motor driver operates from low input voltage." In Analog Circuit Design, 243–44. Elsevier, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-800001-4.00116-2.

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García Haro, Juan Miguel, Edwin Daniel Oña, Raul de Santos Rico, Santiago Martínez, and Carlos Balaguer. "Electronics improvements for low-level control in the humanoid robot TEO." In XLII JORNADAS DE AUTOMÁTICA : LIBRO DE ACTAS, 528–34. Servizo de Publicacións da UDC, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.17979/spudc.9788497498043.528.

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This work began with developing the first electronic integration to allow the operation of commercial TEO devices pre-selected. However, different problems were discovered during the implementation of the whole set. These were caused by the malfunction of the system and the particular design. For this reason, this paper is focused on the analysis of the first hardware architecture to propose and develop a solution that improves the performance of the joint motor control.Significantly, the detected problems are voltage drops in the power supply signals of some devices, electrical noise coupling or overshoots produced by the switching of the power inverter of the driver, and the electromechanical disconnections of various signals caused by the relative motion between devices. The consequence was that the robot joints control was not robust, preventing them from moving accurately. After the analysis, new interconnection electronics was developed. This electronic has been designed to be more integrated with the mechanic parts, improving subsystems location, and integrating new solutions to reduce the electrical problems. The new electronics have been tested in the humanoid robot arms with good results.
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Paul, Ankita, Naiwrita Dey, and Srijan Bhattacharya. "Similarity Analysis of IPMC and EMG Signal With Comparative Study of Statistical Features." In Advances in Systems Analysis, Software Engineering, and High Performance Computing, 1–16. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-2584-5.ch001.

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Ionic Polymer Metal Composite is a popular sensor and actuator due to its Electroactive property to show bending abilities under low applied voltage while Electromyography is a widely used technique in Biomechanical field to analyze human bio signals to compare different motions and predict muscular anomalies and diseases. IPMC having electroactive resistive and capacitive properties as a smart sensor shows a possibility of offering equivalent precision and accuracy in determining human muscular movement predictions and analyses. This chapter correlates the EMG data method with IPMC data method for feature extraction. The process includes use of the EMG electrodes and IPMC strips to retrieve signals from the muscle movement, amplify them, clean and scale the data, and conduct the similarity analysis.
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Conference papers on the topic "Low voltage motors"

1

Jackson, D. C. "Low voltage insulation system endurance against electronic waveform and cable length." In IEE Colloquium Effects of High Speed Switching on Motors and Drives. IEE, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ic:19990737.

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Stone, G. C., and I. Culbert. "Electrical Testing of Low and Medium Voltage Motors." In Conference Record of 2007 Annual Pulp and Paper Industry Technical Conference. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/papcon.2007.4286283.

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Khan, Kashif, and Freddy Gyllensten. "Experimental Investigation of Bearing Currents in Low Voltage Motors." In 2018 XIII International Conference on Electrical Machines (ICEM). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icelmach.2018.8506780.

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Staudt, Stefan, Johannes Teigelkotter, Thomas Kowalski, and Alexander Stock. "High-performance synchronous reluctance motors in low-voltage applications." In 2015 17th European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications (EPE'15 ECCE-Europe). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/epe.2015.7309226.

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Lowery, T. F., and D. W. Petro. "Application considerations for PWM inverter-fed low-voltage induction motors." In [1992] Record of Conference Papers Industry Applications Society 39th Annual Petroleum and Chemical Industry Conference. IEEE, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pcicon.1992.229307.

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Frosini, Lucia, Marcello Minervini, Luca Ciceri, and Andrea Albini. "Multiple faults detection in low voltage inverter-fed induction motors." In 2019 IEEE 12th International Symposium on Diagnostics for Electrical Machines, Power Electronics and Drives (SDEMPED). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/demped.2019.8864885.

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Vico, Jakov, Dave Allcock, Craig Wester, Pero Ostojic, and Suhag Patel. "Protection and control of low voltage motors used in industrial applications." In CPS). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icps.2011.5890897.

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Popa, Gabriel Nicolae, Corina Maria Dinis, Sorin Ioan Deaconu, and Iosif Popa. "On Currents Asymmetry Protection For Three Phase Low Voltage Induction Motors." In 2018 International Conference on Applied and Theoretical Electricity (ICATE). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icate.2018.8551429.

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Sihvo, V., and J. Pyrhonen. "Steam-Resistivity of Synthetic Insulation Materials Used In Low-Voltage Motors." In 2007 IEEE International Conference on Solid Dielectrics. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icsd.2007.4290811.

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Basso, Dale, and Pratik Shah. "Specifying VFD driven low voltage motors for safety and operational life." In 2016 IEEE Petroleum and Chemical Industry Technical Conference (PCIC). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pcicon.2016.7589213.

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