Academic literature on the topic 'Low-volume culture'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the lists of relevant articles, books, theses, conference reports, and other scholarly sources on the topic 'Low-volume culture.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Journal articles on the topic "Low-volume culture"
1
Harewood, Freya C., Nigel Curtis, Andrew J. Daley, Penelope A. Bryant, Amanda Gwee, and Thomas G. Connell. "Adequate or Inadequate? The Volume of Blood Submitted for Blood Culture at a Tertiary Children’s Hospital." Clinical Pediatrics 57, no. 11 (2018): 1310–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0009922818778042.
Full textAbstract:
The volume of blood sampled for culture critically influences the results. This study aimed to determine (1) the volume of blood submitted for culture, (2) the proportion of blood cultures with adequate volume, (3) whether measured improvement from a previous educational intervention had been sustained, and (4) the impact of blood volume on culture result. The volume of blood submitted for cultures was determined over a 13-month period by weighing bottles before and after collection and before and after an educational intervention. The volume of blood submitted in 5127 culture bottles were measured. Fewer than 50% of all cultures were deemed adequate. A significant pathogen was isolated in 4.7% of blood cultures, and low-volume cultures were more likely to yield contaminant isolates (47/2422 [1.9%] vs 22/2705 [0.8%], P = .0005). Subsequently, the higher rate of contaminant isolates from low-volume cultures may affect selection and rationalization of antibiotic therapy.
2
Matteau, Dominick, Vincent Baby, Stéphane Pelletier, and Sébastien Rodrigue. "A Small-Volume, Low-Cost, and Versatile Continuous Culture Device." PLOS ONE 10, no. 7 (2015): e0133384. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0133384.
Full text
3
Bale, Shyam Sundhar, Gautham Vivek Sridharan, Inna Golberg, et al. "A novel low-volume two-chamber microfabricated platform for evaluating drug metabolism and toxicity." TECHNOLOGY 03, no. 04 (2015): 155–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2339547815200034.
Full textAbstract:
To evaluate drug and metabolite efficacy on a target organ, it is essential to include metabolic function of hepatocytes, and to evaluate metabolite influence on both hepatocytes and the target of interest. Herein, we have developed a two-chamber microfabricated device separated by a membrane enabling communication between hepatocytes and cancer cells. The microscale environment created enables cell co-culture in a low media-to-cell ratio leading to higher metabolite formation and rapid accumulation, which is lost in traditional plate cultures or other interconnected models due to higher culture volumes. We demonstrate the efficacy of this system by metabolism of tegafur by hepatocytes resulting in cancer cell toxicity.
4
Ali, Jaffar, and Naif Hamdan Al Harbi. "Impact of ultra-low volume of culture media on embryo development." Reproductive BioMedicine Online 28 (May 2014): S18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1472-6483(14)50041-7.
Full text
5
Altez, Maria S. Rueda, Lamia Soghier, Joseph M. Campos, James Bost, Jiaxiang Gai, and Rana F. Hamdy. "1341. Blood Volume Collected for Blood Cultures in Infants with Suspected Neonatal Sepsis in the NICU." Open Forum Infectious Diseases 7, Supplement_1 (2020): S682. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofaa439.1523.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Background Blood cultures have high sensitivity to detect bacteremia in septic neonates when >=1 ml of blood is collected. Neonatologists often cite low confidence in microbiologic sampling as rationale for continuing antibiotics without a focus of infection despite negative blood cultures, resulting in prolonged antimicrobial therapy. We aim to describe the blood culture sample volumes in NICU patients, to identify factors associated with sample volumes < 1ml, and to compare the sample volumes of patients treated for culture-negative sepsis with those with bloodstream infections and those treated for a ≤72-hour sepsis rule-out Methods Data from this observational cohort study were collected retrospectively and prospectively from NICU patients with blood cultures obtained from September 2018 to February 2019. Clinical data were collected through chart review. All inoculated culture bottles were weighed for volume calculation. We determined the association of age, weight, sample source, and time of collection with volume < 1mL. Continuous variables were analyzed using Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney, and categorical variables using chi-squared test. For aim 3, the volumes of the groups were compared using analysis of variance. Results A total of 310 blood cultures were identified, corresponding to 159 patients. Of these, 49 (16%) were positive. Among the negative blood cultures, 86% were collected in patients who subsequently received antibiotics (Figure 1). Median inoculated volume was 0.6 ml (IQR: 0.1-2.4). Weight and age at time of culture collection, source of sample, and time of collection were not significantly associated with the inoculation of < 1ml of blood. Median volume of blood was 0.6ml (0.3-0.6) for sepsis rule-out, 0.6ml (0.2-0.6) for bloodstream infection, and 0.6ml (0.6-1.4) for culture-negative sepsis. No difference was found among the three groups (p=0.54) Figure 1. Classification of blood cultures identified during study period Conclusion The blood volume collected for cultures in the NICU is lower than recommended. Clinical and environmental characteristics are not significantly associated with the inoculated volume. The volume of blood sampled does not differ in patients with culture-negative sepsis, bloodstream infection and sepsis rule-out, and should not be a justification for longer duration of antibiotic therapy Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures
6
Gagnon, Matthew, Shashikant Nagre, Wenge Wang, and Gregory W. Hiller. "Shift to high‐intensity, low‐volume perfusion cell culture enabling a continuous, integrated bioprocess." Biotechnology Progress 34, no. 6 (2018): 1472–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/btpr.2723.
Full text
7
Sigalos, George Α., Yannis Michalopoulos, Athanasios G. Kastoras, Olga Triantafyllidou, and Nikos F. Vlahos. "Low versus high volume of culture medium during embryo transfer: a randomized clinical trial." Journal of Assisted Reproduction and Genetics 35, no. 4 (2017): 693–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10815-017-1099-8.
Full text
8
Imanto, Philip Teguh. "MANAJEMEN KULTUR ROTIFER DENGAN TANGKI VOLUME KECIL." Jurnal Riset Akuakultur 4, no. 1 (2009): 139. http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/jra.4.1.2009.139-145.
Full textAbstract:
Keberhasilan pembenihan ikan sangat dipengaruhi keberhasilan produksi jasad pakan rotifer secara tepat dan efisien. Penelitian kultur rotifer dengan tangki volume kecil bertujuan untuk mendapatkan efisiensi produksi yang paling optimal dan memenuhi prinsip dasar akuakultur low volume high density. Penelitian menggunakan tangki polyethylene dengan volume 500 L dan volume media awal 100 L, padat tebar awal 200 ind. rotifer per mL dengan sediaan pakan dasar fitoplankton Nannocloropsis occulata, ragi roti (0,05 g/mio.rot./feeding) dan suplemen Scott emulsion (0,005 g/mio.rot./feeding). Penelitian dilakukan secara bertahap; tahap pertama (I) tanpa penambahan air laut, peningkatan volume hanya dari penambahan 15 L Nannochloropsis tiap hari sampai hari kelima, tahap kedua (II) dengan penambahan alga 40 L dan air laut 40 L; serta tahap ketiga (III) dengan menggandakan pemberian ragi roti. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada percobaan tahap I: total produksi rata-rata 122,37 x 106 ind. rotifer, pada tahap II: 97,67 x 106 ind. rotifer, dan pada tahap III: dicapai rata-rata total produksi tertinggi dengan 187,17 x 106 ind. rotifer per tanki kultur 500 L. Pengelolaan kultur pada tahap III memberikan hasil terbaik dengan simpangan terkecil antar tangki kultur ulangan, dan membuktikan sebagai pengelolaan terbaik untuk kultur rotifer dengan tangki volume kecil. Success of marine seed production is highly influenced by effective and efficient production performance of life food rotifer. Observation on rotifer culture using small volume tank was aimed to get the optimum production and efficiency, to fulfill the basic principle of aquaculture “low volume high density”. Polyethylene tanks of 500 L. were used as culture container, with initial 100 liter sea water as culture medium and initial density of 200 ind. rotifer per mL. N. occulata, baker yeast (0.05 g/mio.rotifer/feeding) and Scott emulsion (0.005 g/mio.rotifer/feeding) were used as basic feed, and applied differently among three trials. First trial without seawater addition, increasing volume of culture media was only from 15 L. of N. occulata within 5 days culture, second trial was done with addition of seawater of 40 L and 40 L of N. occulata every day; and the last trial with twice dosage of baker yeast from trial I and II. The result showed that the average total production from the first trial was 122.37 x 106 ind. rotifer and the second trial was decreased to 97.67 x 106 ind. rotifer. Highest average total production was achieved by the last trial with 187.17 x 106 ind. rotifer per culture tank 500 L. Culture management on the third trial gave the best result with the lowest deviation among replication tanks, and proved as the best management practice for small-scale culture container.
9
Bjarkadottir, Briet D., Charlotte A. Walker, Muhammad Fatum, Sheila Lane, and Suzannah A. Williams. "Analysing culture methods of frozen human ovarian tissue to improve follicle survival." Reproduction and Fertility 2, no. 1 (2021): 59–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/raf-20-0058.
Full textAbstract:
In vitro follicle growth is a potential fertility preservation method for patients for whom current methods are contraindicated. Currently, this method has only been successful using fresh ovarian tissue. Since many patients who may benefit from this treatment currently have cryopreserved ovarian tissue in storage, optimising in vitro follicle growth (IVG) for cryopreserved-thawed tissue is critical. This study sought to improve the first step of IVG by comparing different short-term culture systems for cryopreserved-thawed human ovarian tissue, in order to yield a higher number of healthy multilayer follicles. We compared two commonly used culture media (αMEM and McCoy’s 5A), and three plate conditions (300 µL, 1 mL on a polycarbonate membrane and 1 mL in a gas-permeable plate) on the health and development of follicles after 6 days of culture. A total of 5797 follicles from three post-pubertal patients (aged 21.3 ± 2.3 years) were analysed across six different culture conditions and non-cultured control. All culture systems supported follicle development and there was no difference in developmental progression between the different conditions tested. Differences in follicle morphology were evident with follicles cultured in low volume conditions having significantly greater odds of being graded as morphologically normal compared to other conditions. Furthermore, culture in a low volume of αMEM resulted in the highest proportion of morphologically normal primary and multilayer follicles (23.8% compared to 6.3-19.9% depending on condition). We, therefore, recommend culturing cryopreserved human ovarian tissue in a low volume of αMEM to support follicle health and development. Lay summary Ovaries contain a large number of follicles, each containing an immature egg and other important cells. Cancer treatments can lead to long-lasting negative side effects to the ovaries including the destruction of follicles, resulting in infertility. One strategy to preserve fertility is freezing of ovaries or ovarian tissue in girls and women undergoing cancer treatment. The long-term aim is to thaw and grow their ovarian tissue in the laboratory to obtain mature eggs, which can then be fertilised. In this study, we compared six different methods of growing previously frozen human ovarian tissue in order to best support follicle growth and health. We found that using the lowest amount of αMEM medium (a specific type of nutrient-rich growth solution) resulted in the highest proportion of healthy follicles. Improving the methods used to grow ovarian tissue, particularly frozen tissue, is important for future fertility preservation.
10
Jones, R. Logan, Harlan R. Sayles, Paul D. Fey, and Mark E. Rupp. "Effect of Clinical Variables on the Volume of Blood Collected for Blood Cultures in an Adult Patient Population." Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 38, no. 12 (2017): 1493–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ice.2017.230.
Full textAbstract:
OBJECTIVETo identify clinical variables that influence blood culture volume recoveryDESIGNRetrospective chart review and linear model analysisSETTINGA 621-bed Academic Medical Center with a Clinical Laboratory that processes 20,000+ blood cultures annually and dedicated phlebotomy staff for venipuncturePATIENTSConsecutive patients requiring blood cultureMETHODSOver a 6-day period, blood volume was determined in 568 culture bottles from 128 unique adult patients, and clinical data from the time of phlebotomy were extracted from hospital electronic medical records. Conditional hierarchical linear models with random effects for patient and phlebotomy occasion were utilized to analyze correlations between values collected from the same patient and during the same phlebotomy occasion.RESULTSBlood samples obtained from a central venous catheter yielded, on average, 2.53 mL more blood (95% CI, 1.63–3.44 mL;P<.001) than those from peripheral venipuncture, and aerobic bottles contained 0.38 mL more blood (95% CI, 0.1–0.67 mL;P=.009) than the anaerobic bottles. The remaining clinical variables (eg, hospital department, patient age, body mass index, gender, mean arterial pressure, concomitant systemic antibiotic use, and Charlson comorbidity index score) failed to reach statistical significance (P<.05) in relation to volume.CONCLUSIONSBlood cultures obtained from central venous catheters contain significantly greater volume than those obtained via peripheral venipuncture. These data highlight the clinically significant issue of low culture volume recovery, indicate that diagnostic and prognostic tools that rely on volume-dependent phenomena (ie, time to positivity) may require further validation under usual clinical practice circumstances, and suggest goals for future institutional performance improvement.Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol2017;38:1493–1497
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Low-volume culture"
1
Rathbone, Daniel Rodion. "A low volume oxygenator for open well Liver-on-a-Chip tissue culture." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/120193.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis: S.M., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, 2018.<br>This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.<br>Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (pages 139-142).<br>MicroPhysiological Systems (MPS) show significant promise in speeding drug development and advancing basic research. They may serve better than animal models for obtaining accurate human response data and thereby reducing failed clinical trials. The CN Bio LiverChip is one such commercial MPS device which cultures liver cells on a perforated polystyrene scaffold and actively circulates cell culture medium through them. Reducing the total circulating volume is desirable to increase the concentration of difficult-to-detect compounds, improve autocrine signaling, and achieve more physiologically relevant drug decay times. However, achieving adequate oxygenation at lower volumes is challenging due to surface tension effects. This thesis describes an open-well, flow-through MPS platform with a low-volume oxygenator, at a total circulating volume of approximately 500 [mu]L. The oxygenator uses the interior corner of a hydrophilic spiral to constrain the circulating fluid and to create a thin fluid region, which decreases the diffusion depth relative to exposed surface area, thereby improving oxygenation. The oxygenator performs equivalently to the LiverChip at a fraction of the volume, and features a downward slope that prevents fluid from accumulating in the oxygenator, which could deplete the cell culture well. The fluidic configuration and other design considerations are described, as well as hardware testing results and improved methods for preventing fluid from bypassing the scaffold. This project was supported by NIH grant number UH3-TR000496.<br>by Daniel Rodion Rathbone.<br>S.M.
2
Chang, C. Hong. "Direction finding during mouse renal development." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/10053.
Full textAbstract:
The adult kidney consists of hundreds of thousands of fine epithelial tubules as functional units called nephrons. Nephrons have U-shaped tubules: loops of Henle that descend from the cortex to the medulla. This radial arrangement is critical to maintain water homeostasis in the kidney. Although Henle’s loops are crucial to renal physiology, the cue(s) they uses to navigate to the medulla are not understood. In this thesis, I investigate how the loop of Henle elongates during mouse renal development and show that it is probably guided to the medulla by diffusible, heparin-binding molecules. I used immumohistochemistry (IHC) on cryosections of embryonic kidneys to study the natural anatomy of the Henle’s loop. I used a low-volume culture system to allow embryonic kidneys (both natural and tissue-engineered) to form loops of Henle ex vivo and manipulated their direction of growth. Time-lapse imaging of Lgr-5 EGFP embryonic kidneys demonstrated the movement of the apex of the loop which suggested the idea of guidance cue(s) acting on the loop of Henle. Cut-and-paste experiments showed that loops appeared to be attracted to maturing collecting duct. Co-culture with an exogenous tubule inducer suggested the embryonic spinal cord as another source to attract the loops. Using raTAL (rat thick ascending loop of Henle) and 6TA2 (embryonic collecting duct cells) cell lines, I designed and performed a cell migration assay to test whether raTAL was attracted to 6TA2 cells. raTAL cells were notably attracted to 6TA2 cells compared to other cell lines. raTAL cells were also attracted to 6TA2-conditioned medium, which indicated that raTAL cells were attracted by secreted molecule(s). To begin to characterise those secreted molecule(s), heparin-binding protein-coated beads were used in the cell migration system and showed that at least one critical guidance factor is heparin-binding. From this study, I found that the apex of the Henle’s loop does move and loops are attracted by secreted molecule(s) possibly from the collecting duct. Although target molecule(s) were unidentified, this study provides the first mechanistic information about the guidance of the loop of Henle. Moreover, this was the first study of guidance of epithelial tubule shafts (rather than tips) adding to our understanding of general tubule morphogenesis.
3
Lindström, Sara. "Microwell devices for single-cell analyses." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Nanobioteknologi, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-11665.
Full textAbstract:
Powerful tools for detailed cellular studies are emerging, increasing the knowledge ofthe ultimate target of all drugs: the living cell. Today, cells are commonly analyzed inensembles, i.e. thousands of cells per sample, yielding results on the average responseof the cells. However, cellular heterogeneity implies the importance of studying howindividual cells respond, one by one, in order to learn more about drug targeting andcellular behavior. In vitro assays offering low volume sampling and rapid analysis in ahigh-throughput manner are of great interest in a wide range of single-cellapplications. This work presents a microwell device in silicon and glass, developed using standardmicrofabrication techniques. The chip was designed to allow flow-cytometric cellsorting, a controlled way of analyzing and sorting individual cells for dynamic cultureand clone formation, previously shown in larger multiwell plates only. Dependent onthe application, minor modifications to the original device were made resulting in agroup of microwell devices suitable for various applications. Leukemic cancer cellswere analyzed with regard to their clonogenic properties and a method forinvestigation of drug response of critical importance to predict long-term clinicaloutcome, is presented. Stem cells from human and mouse were maintainedpluripotent in a screening assay, also shown useful in studies on neural differentiation.For integrated liquid handling, a fluidic system was integrated onto the chip fordirected and controlled addition of reagents in various cell-based assays. The chip wasproduced in a slide format and used as an imaging tool for low-volume sampling withthe ability to run many samples in parallel, demonstrated in a protein-binding assay fora novel bispecific affinity protein. Moving from cells and proteins into geneticanalysis, a method for screening genes from clones in a rapid manner was shown bygene amplification and mutation analysis in individual wells. In summary, a microwelldevice with associated methods were developed and applied in a range of biologicalinvestigations, particularly interesting from a cell-heterogeneity perspective.<br>QC 20100728
4
Silva, José Luiz da [UNESP]. "Avaliação de pulverizador tratorizado em volume ultra baixo (UBV) para controle de insetos de brotações novas, na cultura dos citros." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/96872.
Full textAbstract:
Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:28:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0
Previous issue date: 2011-11-16Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:58:15Z : No. of bitstreams: 1
silva_jl_me_jabo.pdf: 612702 bytes, checksum: 10eaf81ab013fceaeeadf68e95ced4d8 (MD5)<br>Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)<br>Gravena Ltda<br>O objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar a eficiência, no controle de psilídeos, pulgão-marrom-dos-citros e minadora-das-folhas e também a seletividade a Pentilia egena, da aplicação terrestre em volume ultra baixo (UBV) em pomar de laranja. Foram realizadas 03 pesquisas, sendo que a primeira pesquisa foi realizada visando avaliar a mortalidade de adultos confinados do psilídeo e seletividade sobre a Pentilia egena na estação de pesquisa da Gravena Ltda em Jaboticabal-SP, a segunda pesquisa foi realizada visando avaliar a mortalidade de ninfas do psilídeo, pulgão-marrom-dos-citros e minadora-das-folhas em ramos novos em citros e a terceira pesquisa foi realizada visando avaliar a mortalidade de adultos confinados do psilídeo, sendo estas duas últimas realizadas na Fazenda Cachoeira do São Lourenço em Matão-SP. O delineamento estatístico adotado foi em blocos casualizados com número variável de tratamentos em cada pesquisa e quatro repetições. A aplicação da primeira pesquisa foi realizada no dia 25 de março de 2010, da segunda no dia 17 de novembro de 2010 e da terceira em 03 de maio de 2011, sendo usados nas pesquisas os seguintes produtos: Boveria bassiana (2,0 kg/ha), lambda- cialotrina (0,4 L/ha), dimetoato (2 L/ha), etofenprox (0,5 L/ha), thiamethoxan (0,2 kg/ha), Imidacloprid + espirotetramate (0,25 L/ha) e imidacloprido (0,4 L/ha) usando o pulverizador Pulsfog de volume ultra baixo (U.B.V.) comparado com o tratamento com imidacloprido (0,4L/ha) usando pulverizador com lanças manuais e de jato transportado. Baseado nos resultados obtidos pode-se concluir que os tratamentos, com volume ultra baixo (UBV), foram eficientes no controle de psilídeos, pulgão-marrom-dos-citros e minadora-das-folhas. Quanto à seletividade as modalidades de aplicação usadas foram classificadas de moderada a altamente tóxicos para as larvas e adultos de P. egena<br>The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficiency in the control of psyllids, citrus brown aphids and the citrus leaf-miner, and also the selectivity to Pentilia egena, by using ground application in ultra-low volume (ULV) in orchard orange. Three surveys were conducted, the first survey was conducted to evaluate the mortality of adult psyllids (Diaphorina citri) confined and selectivity on the ladybug (Pentilia egena) at the Research Station of Gravena Jaboticabal Ltda. The second survey was performed to evaluate the mortality of nymphs of the psyllid, the citrus brown aphid, and citrus leaf-miner in citrus and new branches. And, the third survey was conducted to evaluate the mortality of adults confined the psyllid, the latter being held in the Farm St. Lawrence Waterfall. The statistical design used was randomized blocks with variable number of treatments in each study and four replications. The implementation of the first survey was conducted on March 25th, 2010, the second on November 17th, 2010 and the third survey on May 3rd, 2011, being used in research the following products: Boveria bassiana (2.0 kg / ha), lambda-cyhalothrin (0.4 L / ha), dimethoate (2 L / ha), etofenprox (0.5 L / ha), thiamethoxan (0.2 kg / ha), Imidacloprid spirotetramat + (0, 25 L / ha) and imidacloprid (0.4 L / ha) using the sprayer Pulsfog ultra-low volume (ULV) compared to treatment with Imidacloprid (0.4 L / ha) using manual spray booms and jet transport. Based on the results obtained it is concluded that the treatments with ultra-low volume (ULV), were effective in controlling adults and nymphs of psyllids, citrus brown aphid and citrus leaf-miner. The selectivity of the used application methods was classified as moderate (M) to high (A) toxic to the larvae and adults of P.egena
5
Silva, José Luiz da. "Avaliação de pulverizador tratorizado em volume ultra baixo (UBV) para controle de insetos de brotações novas, na cultura dos citros /." Jaboticabal : [s.n.], 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/96872.
Full textAbstract:
Orientador: Marcelo da Costa Ferreira<br>Banca: Júlio César Galli<br>Banca: Hamilton Humberto Campos<br>Resumo: O objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar a eficiência, no controle de psilídeos, pulgão-marrom-dos-citros e minadora-das-folhas e também a seletividade a Pentilia egena, da aplicação terrestre em volume ultra baixo (UBV) em pomar de laranja. Foram realizadas 03 pesquisas, sendo que a primeira pesquisa foi realizada visando avaliar a mortalidade de adultos confinados do psilídeo e seletividade sobre a Pentilia egena na estação de pesquisa da Gravena Ltda em Jaboticabal-SP, a segunda pesquisa foi realizada visando avaliar a mortalidade de ninfas do psilídeo, pulgão-marrom-dos-citros e minadora-das-folhas em ramos novos em citros e a terceira pesquisa foi realizada visando avaliar a mortalidade de adultos confinados do psilídeo, sendo estas duas últimas realizadas na Fazenda Cachoeira do São Lourenço em Matão-SP. O delineamento estatístico adotado foi em blocos casualizados com número variável de tratamentos em cada pesquisa e quatro repetições. A aplicação da primeira pesquisa foi realizada no dia 25 de março de 2010, da segunda no dia 17 de novembro de 2010 e da terceira em 03 de maio de 2011, sendo usados nas pesquisas os seguintes produtos: Boveria bassiana (2,0 kg/ha), lambda- cialotrina (0,4 L/ha), dimetoato (2 L/ha), etofenprox (0,5 L/ha), thiamethoxan (0,2 kg/ha), Imidacloprid + espirotetramate (0,25 L/ha) e imidacloprido (0,4 L/ha) usando o pulverizador Pulsfog de volume ultra baixo (U.B.V.) comparado com o tratamento com imidacloprido (0,4L/ha) usando pulverizador com lanças manuais e de jato transportado. Baseado nos resultados obtidos pode-se concluir que os tratamentos, com volume ultra baixo (UBV), foram eficientes no controle de psilídeos, pulgão-marrom-dos-citros e minadora-das-folhas. Quanto à seletividade as modalidades de aplicação usadas foram classificadas de moderada a altamente tóxicos para as larvas e adultos de P. egena<br>Abstract: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficiency in the control of psyllids, citrus brown aphids and the citrus leaf-miner, and also the selectivity to Pentilia egena, by using ground application in ultra-low volume (ULV) in orchard orange. Three surveys were conducted, the first survey was conducted to evaluate the mortality of adult psyllids (Diaphorina citri) confined and selectivity on the ladybug (Pentilia egena) at the Research Station of Gravena Jaboticabal Ltda. The second survey was performed to evaluate the mortality of nymphs of the psyllid, the citrus brown aphid, and citrus leaf-miner in citrus and new branches. And, the third survey was conducted to evaluate the mortality of adults confined the psyllid, the latter being held in the Farm St. Lawrence Waterfall. The statistical design used was randomized blocks with variable number of treatments in each study and four replications. The implementation of the first survey was conducted on March 25th, 2010, the second on November 17th, 2010 and the third survey on May 3rd, 2011, being used in research the following products: Boveria bassiana (2.0 kg / ha), lambda-cyhalothrin (0.4 L / ha), dimethoate (2 L / ha), etofenprox (0.5 L / ha), thiamethoxan (0.2 kg / ha), Imidacloprid spirotetramat + (0, 25 L / ha) and imidacloprid (0.4 L / ha) using the sprayer Pulsfog ultra-low volume (ULV) compared to treatment with Imidacloprid (0.4 L / ha) using manual spray booms and jet transport. Based on the results obtained it is concluded that the treatments with ultra-low volume (ULV), were effective in controlling adults and nymphs of psyllids, citrus brown aphid and citrus leaf-miner. The selectivity of the used application methods was classified as moderate (M) to high (A) toxic to the larvae and adults of P.egena<br>Mestre
6
Maziero, Heleno. "Estudo de tecnologias de aplicação e inseticidas para o controle de percevejos fitófagos na cultura da soja." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2006. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/5124.
Full textAbstract:
The objectives of the study were: 1st to avaluate the effects of spray volume in
application with flat fan nozzels on the efficacy of the insecticides endossulfan and
tiamethoxan+lambdacyalotrin in the control of Piezodorus guildinii. 2nd to avaluate
and compare the eficiency of the insecticides imidacloprid+betaciflutrin and
thiametoxan+cypermethrin in the control of Nezara viridula by aerial application,
using rotary disc atomizers, with and without using vegetal oil and ground application.
3rd to avaluate the efficiency of the insecticides imidacloprido+beta-ciflutrina,
tiamethoxan+cipermetrina e endossulfan in the control of Nezara viridula by aerial
application using rotary disc atomizers and hidraulic hollow cone nozzles. The
inseticide tiamethoxan+lambdacyalotrin (21,15 + 15,90 g i.a. ha-1) has biger control of
Piezodorus guildinii and residual effect than endossulfan (437,50 g i.a. ha-1).
Tiamethoxan+lambdacyalotrin and endossulfan have the same behavior, improving
Piezodorus guildinii control s with spray volume increasing. The aerial applications
using rotary disc atomizers are more eficient when it is used vegetal oil as a carrier of
the insecticides. Imidacloprid+betaciflutrin and thiametoxan+cypermethrin applied
using rotary disc atomizers, with spray volume of 10 L ha-1, had equal eficiency than
its graund application, with spray volume of 100 L ha-1. The effects of these
insecticides reacted in the same way to the application technologies.
Imidacloprido+beta-ciflutrina, tiamethoxan+cipermetrina e endossulfan are more
eficient in the Nezara viridula control when applied using rotary disc atomizers Turbo
Aero TA 88C5 than using hidraulic hollow cone nozzels D-6 and core 45.<br>Os objetivos do trabalho foram: a) avaliar o efeito de volumes de calda, em aplicação
com pontas de jato plano, sobre a eficiência dos inseticidas tiametoxam+lambdacialotrina
e endossulfam no controle de Piezodorus guildinii; b) avaliar
comparativamente a eficiência dos inseticidas imidacloprido+beta-ciflutrina e
tiametoxam+cipermetrina no controle de Nezara viridula, em aplicação aérea com
atomizadores rotativos de discos, com e sem utilização de óleo vegetal, e aplicação
terrestre e c) avaliar a eficiência dos inseticidas imidacloprido+beta-ciflutrina,
tiametoxan+cipermetrina e endossulfam, no controle de Nezara viridula, em
aplicação aérea com atomizadores rotativos de discos e bicos hidráulicos. O
inseticida tiametoxam+lambda-cialotrina (21,15 + 15,90 g i.a. ha-1) apresenta maior
controle de Piezodorus guildinii e efeito residual que endossulfam (437,50 g i.a. ha-1).
Tiametoxam+lambda-cialotrina e endossulfam apresentam o mesmo
comportamento, melhorando o controle de Piezodorus guildinii com o aumento do
volume de calda. As aplicações aéreas com atomizadores rotativos de discos são
mais eficientes quando se utiliza óleo vegetal. Imidacloprido+beta-ciflutrina,
tiametoxan+cipermetrina aplicados com atomizadores rotativos de discos, com
volume de calda de 10 L ha-1, apresentam eficiência igual a sua aplicação com
pulverizador terrestre, utilizando volume de calda de 100 L ha-1. O efeito dos
inseticidas avaliados sobre o percevejo-verde responde da mesma forma à variação
de tecnologia de aplicação. Imidacloprido+beta-ciflutrina, tiametoxan+cipermetrina e
endossulfam foram mais eficientes no controle de Nezara viridula quando aplicados
com atomizadores rotativos de discos, com volume de calda de 5 L ha-1 em relação
a sua aplicação com bicos hidráulicos com volume de calda de 20 L ha-1.
Books on the topic "Low-volume culture"
1
Luthe, Martin, and Sascha Pohlmann, eds. Unpopular Culture. Amsterdam University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/9789089649669.
Full textAbstract:
This volume introduces a new concept that boldly breaks through the traditional dichotomy of high and low culture while offering a fresh approach to both: unpopular culture. From the works of David Foster Wallace and Ernest Hemingway to fanfiction and The Simpsons, from natural disasters to 9/11 and beyond, the essays find the unpopular across media and genres, analysing the politics and aesthetics of a side to culture that has been overlooked by previous theories and methods in cultural studies.
2
Decock, Wim, and Janwillem Oosterhuis, eds. Great Christian Jurists in the Low Countries. Cambridge University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/9781108555388.
Full textAbstract:
What impact has Christianity had on law and policies in the Lowlands from the eleventh century through the end of the twentieth century? Taking the gradual 'secularization' of European legal culture as a framework, this volume explores the lives and times of twenty legal scholars and professionals to study the historical impact of the Christian faith on legal and political life in the Low Countries. The process whereby Christian belief systems gradually lost their impact on the regulation of secular affairs passed through several stages, not in the least the Protestant Reformation, which led to the separation of the Low Countries in a Protestant North and a Catholic South in the first place. The contributions take up general issues such as the relationship between justice and mercy, Christianity and politics as well as more technical topics of state-church law, criminal law and social policy.
3
Roy, Kaushik. Indian Army and the First World War. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199485659.001.0001.
Full textAbstract:
Accustomed to conducting low-intensity warfare before 1914, the Indian Army learnt to engage in high-intensity conventional warfare during the course of World War I, thereby exhibiting a steep learning curve. Being the bulwark of the British Empire in South Asia, the ‘brown warriors’ of the Raj functioned as an imperial fire brigade during the war. Studying the Indian Army as an institution during the war, Kaushik Roy delineates its social, cultural, and organizational aspects to understand its role in the scheme of British imperial projects. Focusing not just on ‘history from above’ but also ‘history from below’, Roy analyses the experiences of common soldiers and not just those of the high command. Moreover, since society, along with the army, was mobilized to provide military and non-military support, this volume sheds light on the repercussions of this mass mobilization on the structure of British rule in South Asia. Using rare archival materials, published autobiographies, and diaries, Roy’s work offers a holistic analysis of the military performance of the Indian Army in major theatres during the war.
Book chapters on the topic "Low-volume culture"
1
Dascanio, John J. "Uterine Culture/Cytology: Low Volume Lavage." In Equine Reproductive Procedures. John Wiley & Sons, Inc, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118904398.ch18.
Full text
2
Townsend, Peter. "Musical Development Assisted by Technology." In The Evolution of Music through Culture and Science. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198848400.003.0002.
Full textAbstract:
In Europe, the first millennium life and music were tightly controlled by religion. Instruments were limited, with major differences between folk music for the masses, the aristocracy, and the church. Much early music was just a single line sung in unison. Progressions to several lines, chords, and the complexity of polyphony developed in parallel with written works and printing of religious and secular music. This liberating feature stimulated a wide range of new types of composition. By around 1600, there was an Italian explosion into opera and a major demand for secular music. Mathematicians devised a scheme of equal temperament tuning, which replaced the earlier ‘natural’ musical scales and this enabled keyboard instruments to play in any key. Low-cost printed music was widely available. Despite the volume of compositions, a relatively small fraction has survived as performance music in the present day and the reasons for this are mentioned.
3
Tatham, Sarah. "Displaying the Dead: The English Heritage Experience." In Archaeologists and the Dead. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198753537.003.0017.
Full textAbstract:
It is an accepted standard that any new interpretation at a heritage site needs to be stimulating and engaging, while appealing to the widest audience possible (Carver 2008a–c) in the most accessible manner. A number of events in the last decade, such as the repatriation of indigenous human tissue and material culture (see Jenkins this volume), have encouraged debate around artefact ownership and sensitive presentation in respect of minority cultural traditions and values (see Rathouse this volume). As well as an increased awareness in professional bodies, there has been a perceived heightened sensitivity of visitors, and their awareness of propriety and respect of different cultures. For many English Heritage sites open to the public, including ancient monuments, historic buildings, their collections and the stories attached to them have links to sensitive subjects. Some have the power to elicit strong emotions in the modern public. As well as human remains and death memorials, these sites include stories about slavery (e.g. Kenwood House), theories of evolution (Darwin’s home at Down House), religious persecution (e.g. Clifford’s Tower; Mount Grace), prisoner of war experiences (e.g. Portchester Castle), and human destitution and poverty (e.g. the Poor House at Framlingham Castle). In designing displays, considerable emphasis is placed on tone and language to sensitively guide the visitor through an engaging yet thoughtful presentation. As the discipline of interpretation is the visitor-facing product building from many academic fields, it is open to influence. This openness to different ideas, however, can occasionally lapse into a lack of cohesion and self-doubt (see Jenkins 2011). An example of this ambivalence is particularly evident in the display of human remains which has shifted from a frequently low-brow form of morbid entertainment (such as the display of Egyptian mummies in Victorian times) to that of occasionally disproportionate respect and shielding (see Jenkins this volume). Where time and funds permit, this is usually managed by the use of interpretation evaluation, both formative (before the interpretation is created) and summative (after the interpretation has been installed). In addition, organizations such as English Heritage have also benefited from internal and externally appointed scientific advisors who can authoritatively aid the navigation of delicate subjects such as the presentation of pre-Christian era human remains (for example at Avebury; see Giles and Williams this volume).
4
BONSI, DAVIDE. "The Acoustic Analysis of Palladio’s Teatro Olimpico, Vicenza." In The Music Room in Early Modern France and Italy. British Academy, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.5871/bacad/9780197265055.003.0017.
Full textAbstract:
In the history of theatre buildings, the Teatro Olimpico in Vicenza by Andrea Palladio is often regarded as the archetype of the evolution of spaces for drama and music in modern European culture. Even within the specific subject of architectural acoustics, the Olympic Theatre represents a sort of symbolic beginning of a new era, since the main idea which led to its realisation, that is, the transformation of the Greco-Roman theatre into a closed volume, started to pose problems that had previously been unknown or neglected due to the completely different sound-propagation processes experienced in the open-air theatres of antiquity. This chapter focuses on the recent campaign of acoustic measurements carried out by the author in the Teatro Olimpico. Among the results discussed are the long reverberation time and low clarity, which make the hall more suitable for music than speech.
5
Lighton, John R. B. "Constant Volume and Constant Pressure Respirometry." In Measuring Metabolic Rates. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198830399.003.0002.
Full textAbstract:
This chapter describes constant pressure (Gilson) and constant volume (Warburg) respirometry—long-established techniques that are still capable of accurate results. These are useful for measuring the metabolic rates of small organisms, cell cultures, and biochemical preparations. In Gilson respirometry, oxygen consumption is measured by reducing the volume of a sealed system to maintain a constant pressure. In Warburg respirometry, oxygen consumption is measured by quantifying the accompanying drop in the pressure of a sealed system, the volume of which is known. The theory and practical details of implementing both techniques are described in detail. Finally, a more modern, computerized alternative to Warburg respirometry is introduced that can be implemented at low cost.
6
Damhuis, Koen. "Radical right supporters in the social space." In Roads to the Radical Right. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198863632.003.0005.
Full textAbstract:
This chapter examines the structural sources of heterogeneity among radical right voters. It does so by focusing on three dimensions: whodunnit (social characteristics), whydunnit (political preferences) and howdunnit (the political decision-making process). In order to account for the interrelatedness of socio-structural variables, this part of the study relies on Pierre Bourdieu’s conception of social space. In this two-dimensional framework, the volume of cultural and economic capital constitutes a vertical axis (with high capital volume at the top and low capital volume at the bottom), whereas the horizontal dimension covers the composition of capital (with a dominance of cultural capital on the left side and a dominance of economic capital on the right side of the axis). Based on specific multiple correspondence analyses (MCA), the chapter reports recurring patterns of structural diversity among radical right-wing voters, that are of crucial importance with respect to the findings presented in Chapters 6, 7, and 8.
7
Rodríguez Pérez, Yolanda. "Introduction: On Hispanophobia and Hispanophilia across Time and Space." In Literary Hispanophobia and Hispanophilia in Britain and the Low Countries (1550-1850). Amsterdam University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/9789462989375_intro.
Full textAbstract:
This introductory chapter puts the case studies presented in this edited volume into a broader historical and theoretical context. It exposes the triangular literary, cultural and political relationship between Britain, the Low Countries and Spain in two very different – though strongly interconnected – historical periods, the early modern period and the nineteenth century. It contends that to fully understand how cultural representations of Spain and its cultural legacy have been forged, it is essential to expose the intricate historical dynamics of Hispanophobia and Hispanophilia. Furthermore, it exposes and problematizes certain historiographical biases regarding the cultural role of Spain and the historical asymmetry in the representation of Spain.
8
Gietel-Basten, Stuart, and Tomáš Sobotka. "Future Fertility in Low Fertility Countries." In World Population & Human Capital in the Twenty-First Century. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198813422.003.0007.
Full textAbstract:
The ongoing transition to low fertility is, alongside the long-term expansion of life expectancy, the key force reshaping populations around the world. It has sweeping economic and social repercussions as it affects labour markets, intergenerational ties, gender relations, and public policies. Many middle-income countries, including China, Brazil, Iran, and Turkey, have joined the expanding list of low fertility countries. Consequently, low fertility is no longer an exclusive feature of rich Western societies. As close to half of the global population now lives in regions with below replacement fertility, low fertility has become a truly global phenomenon. What are the key ingredients of this ‘revolutionary’ change? Expanding education, rising income, the rise of gender equality, female labour force participation, ideational changes, consumerism, urbanization, family disintegration, economic uncertainty, globalization, modern contraception, and many other complementary or contrasting forces are often highlighted. But how will these drivers shape the long-term future of fertility? Will fertility in most countries stabilize at around the replacement level threshold, as implied by the demographic transition theory, or will it decline below this level? Is very low fertility merely a ‘passing phenomenon’, a sign of a temporary imbalance between rapid social and economic changes and opportunities on the one hand, and family, gender relations, and reproduction on the other? This chapter aims to present both a comprehensive overview of the forces shaping contemporary reproductive behaviour in low fertility countries and an exploration of possible future scenarios based upon a new IIASA–Oxford survey of international experts introduced in Chapter 2 of this volume. We begin with a presentation of recent trends in fertility in low fertility settings followed by a review of the particular recent histories of fertility change in North America, Europe, and the emerging low fertility settings in East Asia, Latin America, and the Middle East. We then explore the theoretical and empirical evidence that has been cited in the literature as underpinning these past trends and possible future scenarios. As well as ‘meta-theories’ such as the Second Demographic Transition (SDT), section 3.2 considers the roles played by cultural, biomedical, and economic factors, family policies, economic uncertainty, education, and the contribution of migrants’ fertility.
9
Christian, Kathleen, and Bianca de Divitiis. "Introduction." In Local antiquities, local identities. Manchester University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.7228/manchester/9781526117045.003.0001.
Full textAbstract:
The essays brought together in this volume consider the reuse of antiquities and conceptions of the classical past in local communities across early modern Europe. Arising from a conference held at the Warburg Institute in November 2014, the volume brings together essays by speakers, as well as new additions by invited contributors. It unites work by historians of art and architecture, historians and literary scholars that complicates the notion of a unitary, Greco-Roman past revived in a single European ‘Renaissance’, broadening the scope of research in the light of recent interest in regional histories and local antiquarianisms. Adopting an interdisciplinary and comparative method, these essays investigate how communities and individuals from the fifteenth century, guided by local concerns, were engaged with the invention of the past through the strategic, creative use of texts and images. Contributions consider the revival of the antique not only in the so-called centres of Italy that have long been the focus of study, but also in cities and regions regarded as peripheral, examining diverse political contexts in both Protestant and Catholic Europe – Milan, Ancona, southern Italy, France, Spain, Portugal, Poland, Britain, the Low Countries and elsewhere. As interdisciplinary studies, the essays explore a range of related cultural phenomena: antiquarianism, civic histories, excavations, artistic and architectural projects, collections of antiquities, or the reuse of classical literary models in vernacular poetry....
10
Broughton, Chad. "The Mike Allen Question." In Boom, Bust, Exodus. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199765614.003.0012.
Full textAbstract:
From the Moment she started at Planta Maytag III in December 2004, Laura Flora’s financial circumstances turned bleak. She had earned much more during her peripatetic travels through tobacco fields and orange groves in the United States. In fact, Veracruzanos could sometimes earn an even better wage harvesting limes or picking chiles back in their rural villages than they did at the border. Flora felt demeaned by the low wages Maytag paid and found the work tedious and the factory culture oppressive and demoralizing. Yet she stayed. As a single mother, Flora lived on the razor’s edge of survival, but she had something her friends back in Tierra Blanca did not: steady work. Back in Veracruz, work ebbed and flowed with the weather, the seasons, and the rhythms of rural life. At the border, work was unrelenting, driven by the demands of global competition, time-discipline, and the ravenous consumer market to the north. It was the sheer volume of available jobs for unskilled workers—and the promise of overtime—that lured people like Flora to Reynosa. Based on income figures in 2004, about 50 million people in her country, 47 percent of the population, lived in poverty. With overtime Flora could cross the poverty threshold to move into the nonpoor half. The border was also where Flora, who turned 41 the week she began at Maytag, thought she could be a better parent. She had failed to sneak her three young girls into the United States in September, and now they were stuck in a place where they knew no one. But at least they would be together, unlike when Flora was in the United States with her two older children. And here in modernizing Reynosa, her daughters—if not herself—had a much better chance at getting ahead than they had had in Veracruz. “The education is better here, a lot better,” Flora reflected over a glass of sweet lemonade on a hot July afternoon in 2007. Her boyfriend, Arturo Mireles Guzman, agreed. The girls needed a technical profession, in his view.
Conference papers on the topic "Low-volume culture"
1
Kumar, Arun, and Binil Starly. "Modeling Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell Expansion in Vertical Wheel Bioreactors Using Lactate Production Rate in Regenerative Medicine Biomanufacturing." In ASME 2016 11th International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec2016-8787.
Full textAbstract:
Stem cells are critical components of regenerative medicine therapy. However, the therapy will require millions to billions of therapeutic stem cells. To address the need, we have recently cultured stem cells in 3D microgels and used them as a vehicle for cell expansion within a low shear stress rotating wheel type bioreactor within a 500ml volumetric setting. This study specifically highlights the cell encapsulation in microbead process, harvesting and operation of microbeads within a dynamic bioreactor environment. We have specifically encapsulated stem cells (human adipose derived) into microbeads prepared from alginate hydrogels via an electrostatic jetting process. This study highlights the effect of fabrication process parameters on end-point biological quality measures such as stem cell count and viability. We were able to maintain a >80% viability during the 21 day static culture period. We have also measured the concentration of metabolites produced during the expansion, specifically lactate production measured during specific time points within culture inside the rotating wheel bioreactor Future work will need to address predicting yields in higher volume settings, efficiency of harvest and a more detailed description of the hydrodynamics affecting stem cell growth.
2
Zhu, Qingfu, Ziyu Zhu, and Mei He. "3D Additive Manufacturing and Micro-Assembly for Transfection of 3D-Cultured Cells and Tissues." In ASME 2018 13th International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec2018-6567.
Full textAbstract:
3D additive manufacturing, namely 3D printing, has been increasingly needed in the fabrication of biological materials and devices. Compared to traditional fabrication, direct 3D digital transformation simplifies the manufacturing process and enhances capability in geometric fabrication. In this paper, we demonstrated a rapid and low-cost 3D printing approach for “lego” assembly of micro-structured parts as an electro-transfection device. Electro-transfection is an essential equipment for engineering and regulating cell biological functions. Nevertheless, existing platforms are mainly employed to monolayer cell suspensions in vitro, which showed more failures for translating into tissues and in vivo systems constituted by 3D cells. The knowledge regarding the three-dimensional electric transport and distribution in a tissue microenvironment is lacking. In order to bridge the gap, we assembled PDMS parts molded from 3D-printed molds as the 3D-cell culture chamber, which connects arrays of perfusion channels and electrodes. Such design allows spatial and temporal control of electric field uniformly across a large volume of 3D cells (105∼106 cells). Most importantly, multi-dimensional electric frequency scanning creates local oscillation, which can enhance mass transport and electroporation for improving transfection efficiency. The COMSOL electrostatic simulation was employed for proof of concept of 3D electric field distribution and transport in this “lego” assembled electro-transfection device, which builds the foundation for engineering 3D-cultured cells and tissues.
3
"Factors Influencing Women’s Decision to Study Computer Science: Is It Context Dependent?" In InSITE 2019: Informing Science + IT Education Conferences: Jerusalem. Informing Science Institute, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/4281.
Full textAbstract:
[This Proceedings paper was revised and published in the 2019 issue of the journal Issues in Informing Science and Information Technology, Volume 16] Aim/Purpose: Our research goal was to examine the factors that motivate women to enroll in Computer Science (CS) courses in order to better understand the small number of women in the field of CS. Background: This work is in line with the growing interest in better understanding the problem of the underrepresentation of women in the field of CS. Methodology: We focused on a college that differs in its high numbers of female CS students. The student population there consists mostly of religious Jews; some of them are Haredi, who, because of their unique lifestyle, are expected to be the breadwinners in their family. Following group interviews with 18 students, a questionnaire was administered to all the female students and 449 of them responded. We analyzed it statistically. We compared the responses of the Haredi and non-Haredi students. Contribution: The main contribution of this work lies in the idea that studying the factors underlying women’s presence in a CS program in unique communities and cultures, where women are equally represented in the field, might shed light on the nature of this phenomenon, especially whether it is universal or confined to the surrounding culture. Findings: There were significant differences between the Haredi and non-Haredi women regarding the importance they attributed to different factors. Haredi women resemble, regarding some social and economic variables, women in developing countries, but differ in others. The non-Haredi women are more akin to Western women, yet they did not completely overlap. Both groups value their family and career as the most important factors in their lives. These factors unify women in the West and in developing countries, though with different outcomes. In the West, it deters women from studying CS, whereas in Israel and in Malaysia, other factors can overcome this barrier. Both groups attributed low importance to the masculine image of CS, found important in the West. Hence, our findings support the hypothesis that women’s participation in the field of CS is culturally dependent. Recommendations for Practitioners: It is important to learn about the culture within which women operate in order to attract more women to CS. Recommendations for Researchers: Future work is required to examine other loci where women are underrepre-sented in CS, as well as how the insights obtained in this study can be utilized to decrease women’s underrepresentation in other loci. Impact on Society: Women's underrepresentation in CS is an important topic for both economic and social justice reasons. It raises questions regarding fairness and equality. In the CS field the gender pay gaps are smaller than in other professional areas. Thus, resolving the underrepresentation of women in CS will serve as a means to decrease the social gender gap in other areas.
4
James, Sagil, and Alejandro Cervantes. "Study of Industry 4.0 and its Impact on Lean Transformation in Aerospace Manufacturing." In ASME 2019 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2019-98147.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Lean manufacturing practices focus on minimizing all forms of waste from the production system. The applicability of lean manufacturing concepts and principles has often been questioned in sectors including aerospace manufacturing primarily due to their high variety - low volume environments. The key challenges include the difficulty in changing the factory layout, lack of plant-specific manufacturing strategies, lack of benchmarking between manufacturing plants and non-existence of learning through experimentation culture. Consequently, the aerospace manufacturing industries have struggled to implement lean principles over the years successfully. Industry 4.0 is a new paradigm that is significantly influencing several manufacturing industries across the globe. Applying the concepts of Industry 4.0 along with the conventional lean transformation technology could potentially address these challenges. The focus of this research is to study the possibilities of integrating Industry 4.0 tools with existing lean manufacturing philosophies within the aerospace manufacturing sector in order to improve various aspects of manufacturing processes in a cyber-physical environment. A case study is performed considering a quality inspection department in a typical aerospace industry. The case study is simulated using discrete event simulation tool — Arena. The study found that a hybrid approach involving the holistic merger of the lean principles along with the Industry 4.0 tools known as Lean Industry 4.0 is the best way forward for the aerospace manufacturing sector. The outcomes of this research provide an understanding of the role of industry 4.0 paradigm and their implementation in several other high-technology and high-risk manufacturing sectors including life sciences, space, and defense industries.
5
Yum, Seungshic, Bong Gil Hyun, Kitae Rhie, and Kyoungsoon Shin. "ATP assay for rapid onboard testing to detect living microorganisms in Ballast Water." In IMarEST Ballast Water Technology Conference. IMarEST, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.24868/bwtc6.2017.012.
Full textAbstract:
Rapid and simple analytical methods for viable microorganism detection in ballast water are required to evaluate the efficiency of ballast water treatment system. During the course of systematic investigation of the cytotoxicity and apoptosis assays, it was found that the adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and luminescence based cell viability assay, in other word, an ATP assay was the most sensitive and applicable to ballast water management (BWM). The assay was applied to cultured microalgae samples, and it could detect the existence of 5 viable cells in 100 μl. Comparably low luminescent values were detected in two cultured diatom species than in cultured dinoflagellates. This result might be caused by the small cell volume in diatom species. Following a regression model between ATP concentration and cell volume, an ATP guideline (876 – 109246 relative luminescence units: RLU) was developed for the evaluation of treated ballast water. ATP assay was also applied to the evaluation of ballast water treatment system (BWTS). The luminescence value which obtained from the ATP assay also showed a good correlation with the presence of living natural plankton cells with comparably low luminescence values than the cultured species. The low ATP concentration in natural plankton cells may reflect a decline in their biological activity because of extended exposure to dark conditions. ATP assay could be a suitable method for the monitoring of ballast water management compliance even though the results of this study need further validation.
6
Fadlallah, Hadi, Mojtaba Jarrahi, Eric Herbert, Roselyne Ferrari, Annick Mejean, and Hassan Peerhossaini. "Effects of Shear Stress on the Growth Rate of Micro-Organisms in Agitated Reactors." In ASME 2016 Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting collocated with the ASME 2016 Heat Transfer Summer Conference and the ASME 2016 14th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2016-7590.
Full textAbstract:
The effects of hydrodynamic shear stress on the growth rate of cyanobacteria Synechocystis sp. and Chlamydomonas reinhardtii microalgae cells were studied in agitated photobioreactors, since they have different motility rates and sizes. An experimental setup was designed and constructed to monitor the growth rate of the micro-organisms versus the shear rate; experiments were carried out in a well controlled environment, under constant atmospheric pressure and 20 °C temperature. Digitally controlled magnetic agitator-photobioreactors were placed inside a closed chamber with air flow for 4 weeks, under a uniform full-time light intensity provided by two 6-watt white fluorescent light sources. To study the effects of shear stress produced by mechanical agitation on the growth rate of a micro-organism, different agitation frequencies were tested. All reactors were filled with 150 ml of culture medium and micro-organism suspension, with initial dilution factors (mlsuspenion/mltotal volume) of 1/30 and 1/300 for Synechocystis and C. reinhardtii respectively. The vessels were placed on different agitating systems at the desired agitator rotation speed, and were sealed with a cotton membrane from the top in order to permit air exchange with the external environment. The micro-organisms’ growth was monitored daily by measuring the optical density of the suspensions using a spectrophotometer and was then correlated with the cellular concentration, which was measured in turn using a microscopic cell counter. Throughout the experiments pH levels and temperature were measured regularly and adjusted to 7 and 20 °C respectively in order to maintain the photosynthetic activity of the species. In addition, to measure the shear stress inside the agitated reactors, a mathematical model was derived to determine the global shear stress magnitude. To determine the local shear stress distribution, the velocity field in the reactor was measured for different agitation frequencies using PIV. Different zones of high and low shear stress were identified. The results showed that the growth rate is independent of the shear stress magnitude for Synechocystis; Synechocystis showed strong resistance, unlike C. reinhardtii, which showed linear dependence of growth rate and shear stress.
7
Gernet, M. V. "Advanced technologies for small breweries." In SCIENCE OF RUSSIA: GOALS AND OBJECTIVES. L-Journal, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/sr-10-12-2020-27.
Full textAbstract:
This article discusses the compressed yeast use in low-capacity factories of domestic cultures. Information is given concerning the beverages organoleptic profile formation due to secondary fermentation products, depending on the microorganisms used. The prospects of using fermentation activators at the stage of preparing yeast for fermentation of beer wort are shown. The use of the domestic drug ABA and Spirulina platensis in various concentrations was studied. The effect of ABA at a concentration of 0.2% and SP 0.002% on an increasing the living cells number in the volume of fermented wort, as well as on an increasing in the fermentation yeast activity, contributing to the intensification of fermentation for 1 day in comparison with the control variant, was shown. The developed technology based on the obtained experimental data made it possible to intensify the beer technology while increasing the domestic cultures microorganisms adaptogenicity in small production conditions.
8
Cavallo, Emanuele, Rinaldo C. Michelini, and Rezia M. Molfino. "The Restoring of Dismissed Offshore Oil Plants by a Remotely Operated Robotic Platform." In ASME 7th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/esda2004-58195.
Full textAbstract:
The paper gives an overview of the research project SBC (contract n° GIRD-CT-2000-03007), aimed at the environment protection and rehabilitation, by means of an innovative robotic equipment, purposely developed with active interaction between academia and industries, showing joint issues as for scientific, technological, economic, social and cultural aspects, along the challenging track to eco-consistency. The falls-off bring forth:- a new technology: the sub-bottom wire cutting; - a reliably tailored set-up: the robotic platform; - a low-impact duty-scheme: the dig-and-saw process; - a safe work-cycle: the remote monitoring and control. The Sub Bottom Cutter, SBC, approach grants highly conservative decommissioning operations of dismissed submerged offshore structures. Due to surrounding hostility (pressure, temperature, pollution, ...), the robot is remotely controlled from the surface, where a human operator monitors the task advance intervening if any snag occurs. The equipment uses the diamond wire technology (DWT) to cut the pile foundations beneath the sea bottom. The result is the full removal of the structure, which may be made by steel, concrete or a combination of the two, and the consequent restoration of the underwater environment, according to the enacted laws and regulations. The project originality relies on combining and improving known and co-operating technologies, namely: diamond wire cutting and sub-bottom operation; robot-based tools and remote monitoring and control. This leads to the never attempted task of shearing below sea bottom in a hostile environment by a low-impact duty-scheme (dig-and-saw), through reliable and safe process (unmanned work-cycles). The prospected technique allows the environmentally safe disposal of offshore installations (wellheads, platforms, terminals and sea-lines), as well as marine and harbour structures, limiting the volume of the seabed excavation to less than 10 m3 per each access to the structure to be cut, like, jacket piles or wellheads, etc.. The excavated volume of the solid materials per single dig is estimated to be 100–150 times less than the one removed by conventional dredge systems. Moreover, sub-bottom diamond wire cutting leaves mainly unaltered the surroundings, with most of metal discharges trapped at the operation site. The project was successfully fulfilled, and a prototypal equipment has been tested during July 2003, within a marine surroundings, properly accomplishing the cutting sequence. The paper presents an overall discussion of the technical background required by the case peculiarities, and summarises the main design incumbents faced for the ideation and the construction of the robotic platform. Emphasis equally focuses on the structural checks and on the work-cycle performance, with due account of the task specification, the prototype definition, the conditioning computational and experimental checks and the basic monitoring and overseeing environment asuuring reliable remote govern. The key benefits of the finally achieved prototype show the very relevant outcomes of the solution, such as: the use of a clean process, not interfering with the equilibrium of the marine habitat; the integrated design of mechanics, hydraulics and the underwater functional components; the unmanned operation, ruled by an intelligent remote control/drive station on surface; the guarantee of the completion of the cutting task, provided by remote monitoring; the previous assessment of life-cycle performance, by digital prototyping and virtual testing; the optimisation in terms of environmental impact, overall efficiency and system reliability for the use underwater, and the low energy consumption in relation to the total power applied (250/300 kW); the unaltered overall efficiency of removed structures and materials characteristics involved in the cutting process, thus allowing the re-use for the same or different work-scopes; the noteworthy efficiency of the dig-and-saw process, and the comparative low over-all costs. The presentation offers a noteworthy example where the integrated desing grants the successful merging of technologies, to efficiently and reliably fulfill demanding duties. The demand to restore uncontaminated conditions of marine sites modified by men activity and the global spreading of off-shore reclamation tasks require international concern, as, today, proper technologies are missing as for human and for environment safety. The urgency follows, in view of the European sustainability programmes and the North Sea case. In such a context, the prospected development could be winning reference.