To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Low-volume culture.
Journal articles on the topic 'Low-volume culture'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Low-volume culture.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Harewood, Freya C., Nigel Curtis, Andrew J. Daley, Penelope A. Bryant, Amanda Gwee, and Thomas G. Connell. "Adequate or Inadequate? The Volume of Blood Submitted for Blood Culture at a Tertiary Children’s Hospital." Clinical Pediatrics 57, no. 11 (2018): 1310–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0009922818778042.
Full textAbstract:
The volume of blood sampled for culture critically influences the results. This study aimed to determine (1) the volume of blood submitted for culture, (2) the proportion of blood cultures with adequate volume, (3) whether measured improvement from a previous educational intervention had been sustained, and (4) the impact of blood volume on culture result. The volume of blood submitted for cultures was determined over a 13-month period by weighing bottles before and after collection and before and after an educational intervention. The volume of blood submitted in 5127 culture bottles were measured. Fewer than 50% of all cultures were deemed adequate. A significant pathogen was isolated in 4.7% of blood cultures, and low-volume cultures were more likely to yield contaminant isolates (47/2422 [1.9%] vs 22/2705 [0.8%], P = .0005). Subsequently, the higher rate of contaminant isolates from low-volume cultures may affect selection and rationalization of antibiotic therapy.
2
Matteau, Dominick, Vincent Baby, Stéphane Pelletier, and Sébastien Rodrigue. "A Small-Volume, Low-Cost, and Versatile Continuous Culture Device." PLOS ONE 10, no. 7 (2015): e0133384. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0133384.
Full text
3
Bale, Shyam Sundhar, Gautham Vivek Sridharan, Inna Golberg, et al. "A novel low-volume two-chamber microfabricated platform for evaluating drug metabolism and toxicity." TECHNOLOGY 03, no. 04 (2015): 155–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2339547815200034.
Full textAbstract:
To evaluate drug and metabolite efficacy on a target organ, it is essential to include metabolic function of hepatocytes, and to evaluate metabolite influence on both hepatocytes and the target of interest. Herein, we have developed a two-chamber microfabricated device separated by a membrane enabling communication between hepatocytes and cancer cells. The microscale environment created enables cell co-culture in a low media-to-cell ratio leading to higher metabolite formation and rapid accumulation, which is lost in traditional plate cultures or other interconnected models due to higher culture volumes. We demonstrate the efficacy of this system by metabolism of tegafur by hepatocytes resulting in cancer cell toxicity.
4
Ali, Jaffar, and Naif Hamdan Al Harbi. "Impact of ultra-low volume of culture media on embryo development." Reproductive BioMedicine Online 28 (May 2014): S18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1472-6483(14)50041-7.
Full text
5
Altez, Maria S. Rueda, Lamia Soghier, Joseph M. Campos, James Bost, Jiaxiang Gai, and Rana F. Hamdy. "1341. Blood Volume Collected for Blood Cultures in Infants with Suspected Neonatal Sepsis in the NICU." Open Forum Infectious Diseases 7, Supplement_1 (2020): S682. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofaa439.1523.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Background Blood cultures have high sensitivity to detect bacteremia in septic neonates when >=1 ml of blood is collected. Neonatologists often cite low confidence in microbiologic sampling as rationale for continuing antibiotics without a focus of infection despite negative blood cultures, resulting in prolonged antimicrobial therapy. We aim to describe the blood culture sample volumes in NICU patients, to identify factors associated with sample volumes < 1ml, and to compare the sample volumes of patients treated for culture-negative sepsis with those with bloodstream infections and those treated for a ≤72-hour sepsis rule-out Methods Data from this observational cohort study were collected retrospectively and prospectively from NICU patients with blood cultures obtained from September 2018 to February 2019. Clinical data were collected through chart review. All inoculated culture bottles were weighed for volume calculation. We determined the association of age, weight, sample source, and time of collection with volume < 1mL. Continuous variables were analyzed using Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney, and categorical variables using chi-squared test. For aim 3, the volumes of the groups were compared using analysis of variance. Results A total of 310 blood cultures were identified, corresponding to 159 patients. Of these, 49 (16%) were positive. Among the negative blood cultures, 86% were collected in patients who subsequently received antibiotics (Figure 1). Median inoculated volume was 0.6 ml (IQR: 0.1-2.4). Weight and age at time of culture collection, source of sample, and time of collection were not significantly associated with the inoculation of < 1ml of blood. Median volume of blood was 0.6ml (0.3-0.6) for sepsis rule-out, 0.6ml (0.2-0.6) for bloodstream infection, and 0.6ml (0.6-1.4) for culture-negative sepsis. No difference was found among the three groups (p=0.54) Figure 1. Classification of blood cultures identified during study period Conclusion The blood volume collected for cultures in the NICU is lower than recommended. Clinical and environmental characteristics are not significantly associated with the inoculated volume. The volume of blood sampled does not differ in patients with culture-negative sepsis, bloodstream infection and sepsis rule-out, and should not be a justification for longer duration of antibiotic therapy Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures
6
Gagnon, Matthew, Shashikant Nagre, Wenge Wang, and Gregory W. Hiller. "Shift to high‐intensity, low‐volume perfusion cell culture enabling a continuous, integrated bioprocess." Biotechnology Progress 34, no. 6 (2018): 1472–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/btpr.2723.
Full text
7
Sigalos, George Α., Yannis Michalopoulos, Athanasios G. Kastoras, Olga Triantafyllidou, and Nikos F. Vlahos. "Low versus high volume of culture medium during embryo transfer: a randomized clinical trial." Journal of Assisted Reproduction and Genetics 35, no. 4 (2017): 693–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10815-017-1099-8.
Full text
8
Imanto, Philip Teguh. "MANAJEMEN KULTUR ROTIFER DENGAN TANGKI VOLUME KECIL." Jurnal Riset Akuakultur 4, no. 1 (2009): 139. http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/jra.4.1.2009.139-145.
Full textAbstract:
Keberhasilan pembenihan ikan sangat dipengaruhi keberhasilan produksi jasad pakan rotifer secara tepat dan efisien. Penelitian kultur rotifer dengan tangki volume kecil bertujuan untuk mendapatkan efisiensi produksi yang paling optimal dan memenuhi prinsip dasar akuakultur low volume high density. Penelitian menggunakan tangki polyethylene dengan volume 500 L dan volume media awal 100 L, padat tebar awal 200 ind. rotifer per mL dengan sediaan pakan dasar fitoplankton Nannocloropsis occulata, ragi roti (0,05 g/mio.rot./feeding) dan suplemen Scott emulsion (0,005 g/mio.rot./feeding). Penelitian dilakukan secara bertahap; tahap pertama (I) tanpa penambahan air laut, peningkatan volume hanya dari penambahan 15 L Nannochloropsis tiap hari sampai hari kelima, tahap kedua (II) dengan penambahan alga 40 L dan air laut 40 L; serta tahap ketiga (III) dengan menggandakan pemberian ragi roti. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada percobaan tahap I: total produksi rata-rata 122,37 x 106 ind. rotifer, pada tahap II: 97,67 x 106 ind. rotifer, dan pada tahap III: dicapai rata-rata total produksi tertinggi dengan 187,17 x 106 ind. rotifer per tanki kultur 500 L. Pengelolaan kultur pada tahap III memberikan hasil terbaik dengan simpangan terkecil antar tangki kultur ulangan, dan membuktikan sebagai pengelolaan terbaik untuk kultur rotifer dengan tangki volume kecil. Success of marine seed production is highly influenced by effective and efficient production performance of life food rotifer. Observation on rotifer culture using small volume tank was aimed to get the optimum production and efficiency, to fulfill the basic principle of aquaculture “low volume high density”. Polyethylene tanks of 500 L. were used as culture container, with initial 100 liter sea water as culture medium and initial density of 200 ind. rotifer per mL. N. occulata, baker yeast (0.05 g/mio.rotifer/feeding) and Scott emulsion (0.005 g/mio.rotifer/feeding) were used as basic feed, and applied differently among three trials. First trial without seawater addition, increasing volume of culture media was only from 15 L. of N. occulata within 5 days culture, second trial was done with addition of seawater of 40 L and 40 L of N. occulata every day; and the last trial with twice dosage of baker yeast from trial I and II. The result showed that the average total production from the first trial was 122.37 x 106 ind. rotifer and the second trial was decreased to 97.67 x 106 ind. rotifer. Highest average total production was achieved by the last trial with 187.17 x 106 ind. rotifer per culture tank 500 L. Culture management on the third trial gave the best result with the lowest deviation among replication tanks, and proved as the best management practice for small-scale culture container.
9
Bjarkadottir, Briet D., Charlotte A. Walker, Muhammad Fatum, Sheila Lane, and Suzannah A. Williams. "Analysing culture methods of frozen human ovarian tissue to improve follicle survival." Reproduction and Fertility 2, no. 1 (2021): 59–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/raf-20-0058.
Full textAbstract:
In vitro follicle growth is a potential fertility preservation method for patients for whom current methods are contraindicated. Currently, this method has only been successful using fresh ovarian tissue. Since many patients who may benefit from this treatment currently have cryopreserved ovarian tissue in storage, optimising in vitro follicle growth (IVG) for cryopreserved-thawed tissue is critical. This study sought to improve the first step of IVG by comparing different short-term culture systems for cryopreserved-thawed human ovarian tissue, in order to yield a higher number of healthy multilayer follicles. We compared two commonly used culture media (αMEM and McCoy’s 5A), and three plate conditions (300 µL, 1 mL on a polycarbonate membrane and 1 mL in a gas-permeable plate) on the health and development of follicles after 6 days of culture. A total of 5797 follicles from three post-pubertal patients (aged 21.3 ± 2.3 years) were analysed across six different culture conditions and non-cultured control. All culture systems supported follicle development and there was no difference in developmental progression between the different conditions tested. Differences in follicle morphology were evident with follicles cultured in low volume conditions having significantly greater odds of being graded as morphologically normal compared to other conditions. Furthermore, culture in a low volume of αMEM resulted in the highest proportion of morphologically normal primary and multilayer follicles (23.8% compared to 6.3-19.9% depending on condition). We, therefore, recommend culturing cryopreserved human ovarian tissue in a low volume of αMEM to support follicle health and development. Lay summary Ovaries contain a large number of follicles, each containing an immature egg and other important cells. Cancer treatments can lead to long-lasting negative side effects to the ovaries including the destruction of follicles, resulting in infertility. One strategy to preserve fertility is freezing of ovaries or ovarian tissue in girls and women undergoing cancer treatment. The long-term aim is to thaw and grow their ovarian tissue in the laboratory to obtain mature eggs, which can then be fertilised. In this study, we compared six different methods of growing previously frozen human ovarian tissue in order to best support follicle growth and health. We found that using the lowest amount of αMEM medium (a specific type of nutrient-rich growth solution) resulted in the highest proportion of healthy follicles. Improving the methods used to grow ovarian tissue, particularly frozen tissue, is important for future fertility preservation.
10
Jones, R. Logan, Harlan R. Sayles, Paul D. Fey, and Mark E. Rupp. "Effect of Clinical Variables on the Volume of Blood Collected for Blood Cultures in an Adult Patient Population." Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 38, no. 12 (2017): 1493–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ice.2017.230.
Full textAbstract:
OBJECTIVETo identify clinical variables that influence blood culture volume recoveryDESIGNRetrospective chart review and linear model analysisSETTINGA 621-bed Academic Medical Center with a Clinical Laboratory that processes 20,000+ blood cultures annually and dedicated phlebotomy staff for venipuncturePATIENTSConsecutive patients requiring blood cultureMETHODSOver a 6-day period, blood volume was determined in 568 culture bottles from 128 unique adult patients, and clinical data from the time of phlebotomy were extracted from hospital electronic medical records. Conditional hierarchical linear models with random effects for patient and phlebotomy occasion were utilized to analyze correlations between values collected from the same patient and during the same phlebotomy occasion.RESULTSBlood samples obtained from a central venous catheter yielded, on average, 2.53 mL more blood (95% CI, 1.63–3.44 mL;P<.001) than those from peripheral venipuncture, and aerobic bottles contained 0.38 mL more blood (95% CI, 0.1–0.67 mL;P=.009) than the anaerobic bottles. The remaining clinical variables (eg, hospital department, patient age, body mass index, gender, mean arterial pressure, concomitant systemic antibiotic use, and Charlson comorbidity index score) failed to reach statistical significance (P<.05) in relation to volume.CONCLUSIONSBlood cultures obtained from central venous catheters contain significantly greater volume than those obtained via peripheral venipuncture. These data highlight the clinically significant issue of low culture volume recovery, indicate that diagnostic and prognostic tools that rely on volume-dependent phenomena (ie, time to positivity) may require further validation under usual clinical practice circumstances, and suggest goals for future institutional performance improvement.Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol2017;38:1493–1497
11
Mohamad Zuldin, Nor Nahazima, Ikram Md Said, Normah Mohd Noor, Zamri Zainal, Chew Jin Kiat, and Ismanizan Ismail. "Induction and Analysis of the Alkaloid Mitragynine Content of aMitragyna speciosaSuspension Culture System upon Elicitation and Precursor Feeding." Scientific World Journal 2013 (2013): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/209434.
Full textAbstract:
This study aimed to determine the effects of different concentrations and combinations of the phytohormones 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D), kinetin, 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), and 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) on callus induction and to demonstrate the role of elicitors and exogenous precursors on the production of mitragynine in aMitragyna speciosasuspension culture. The best callus induction was achieved from petiole explants cultured on WPM that was supplemented with 4 mg L−12, 4-D (70.83%). Calli were transferred to liquid media and agitated on rotary shakers to establishMitragyna speciosacell suspension cultures. The optimum settled cell volume was achieved in the presence of WPM that contained 3 mg L−12,4-D and 3% sucrose (9.47±0.4667 mL). The treatment of cultures with different concentrations of yeast extract and salicylic acid for different inoculation periods revealed that the highest mitragynine content as determined by HPLC was achieved from the culture treated with 250 mg L−1yeast extract (9.275±0.082 mg L−1) that was harvested on day 6 of culturing; salicylic acid showed low mitragynine content in all concentrations used. Tryptophan and loganin were used as exogenous precursors; the highest level of mitragynine production was achieved in cultures treated with 3 μM tryptophan and harvested at 6 days (13.226±1.98 mg L−1).
12
Harris, N. Beth, Suelee Robbe-Austerman, and Janet B. Payeur. "Effect of Egg Yolk on the Detection of Mycobacterium Avium Subsp. Paratuberculosis Using the ESP II Liquid Culture System." Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation 17, no. 6 (2005): 554–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/104063870501700605.
Full textAbstract:
Rapid diagnosis of paratuberculosis in infected cattle is important for the successful control of Johne disease within herds. Thus, improving culture methods for Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (M. paratuberculosis) will aid in the identification of asymptomatic animals. Egg yolk is a component of the media used for growing M. paratuberculosis, but its requirement as a supplement has not been reported. Using the ESP II liquid culture system, 2 different sources and 5 concentrations (3.3%, 1.6%, 0.8%, 0.4%, and 0%) of egg yolk were analyzed. Egg yolk source did not affect either recovery rate or time to detection, but both parameters were significantly improved when the 3.3% egg yolk concentrations (final volume) were used over media containing no egg yolk. This study also assessed the recovery of M. paratuberculosis from fecal samples that were cultured multiple times using Herrold egg yolk agar (HEY). Specimens containing greater than 70 cfu/g feces could routinely be identified as positive for M. paratuberculosis after only 1 culture attempt, whereas specimens with fewer bacteria were only intermittently positive, even after 5 replicate cultures. Therefore, this study indicates that the sensitivity of the Trek Diagnostic ESP II liquid culture system for M. paratuberculosis is affected by egg yolk concentration and that single culture attempts using HEY solid media may not identify specimens containing low numbers of bacteria.
13
Dorrigiv, Dina, Kayla Simeone, Laudine Communal, et al. "Microdissected Tissue vs Tissue Slices—A Comparative Study of Tumor Explant Models Cultured On-Chip and Off-Chip." Cancers 13, no. 16 (2021): 4208. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers13164208.
Full textAbstract:
Predicting patient responses to anticancer drugs is a major challenge both at the drug development stage and during cancer treatment. Tumor explant culture platforms (TECPs) preserve the native tissue architecture and are well-suited for drug response assays. However, tissue longevity in these models is relatively low. Several methodologies have been developed to address this issue, although no study has compared their efficacy in a controlled fashion. We investigated the effect of two variables in TECPs, specifically, the tissue size and culture vessel on tissue survival using micro-dissected tumor tissue (MDT) and tissue slices which were cultured in microfluidic chips and plastic well plates. Tumor models were produced from ovarian and prostate cancer cell line xenografts and were matched in terms of the specimen, total volume of tissue, and respective volume of medium in each culture system. We examined morphology, viability, and hypoxia in the various tumor models. Our observations suggest that the viability and proliferative capacity of MDTs were not affected during the time course of the experiments. In contrast, tissue slices had reduced proliferation and showed increased cell death and hypoxia under both culture conditions. Tissue slices cultured in microfluidic devices had a lower degree of hypoxia compared to those in 96-well plates. Globally, our results show that tissue slices have lower survival rates compared to MDTs due to inherent diffusion limitations, and that microfluidic devices may decrease hypoxia in tumor models.
14
Sinyavina, N. G., A. A. Kochetov, Yu V. Homyakov, et al. "SMALL RADISH FOR LIGHT CULTURE: CHALLENGES AND PROSPECTS." Vegetable crops of Russia, no. 3 (June 14, 2019): 35–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.18619/2072-9146-2019-3-35-39.
Full textAbstract:
Intense light culture, the most impotent part of a regulated agroecosystem, makes it possible to produce high quality plant products all year round in any region of the world in close proximity to the consumer. It is most economically viable to use light culture for growing vegetables in the Far North, where there is an acute shortage of fresh vegetables and vitamins. Our studies of the range of different vegetable crops have shown that when using artificial lighting and low-volume cultivation technologies, many plant species and varieties have low productivity, low adaptability to the relevant conditions, and therefore unprofitable for mass production. To expand the range of vegetable products intended for cultivation in the light culture, it is necessary to do a massive screening of the varieties and hybrids of various crops available in the world assortment with the aim of selecting the best and also purposeful breeding of new forms and varieties maximally adapted to the appropriate cultivation technologies. The purpose of this work was to create new forms of small radish for light culture, having the necessary complex of economically valuable characters. The use of the previously developed methodology of predicting transgressions for economically valuable plant traits allowed us to obtain new promising forms of radish with using purposeful hybridization and subsequent stabilizing selection. Their characteristics are high productivity and early maturity (ripeness to harvesting for 21-25 days from seeding), the ability to produce marketable yield of roots in a small volume of root medium, resistance to bolting at higher temperatures. A number of the obtained forms also has a compact rosette of leaves and an almost glabrous leaf of the salad type. Marketable productivity of new forms of radish in intense light culture conditions reaches 5,5 kg/m2 (for hybrids F1) and 4 kg/m2 for stable lines, which is twice or more than the productivity of the parental cultivars and one and a half times more than the best in productivity cultivars that were tasted in light culture.
15
Timina, O. O., O. Yu Timin, and L. N. Sovetova. "CREATION OF AN IDENTIFIED SOURCE MATERIAL OF SHRUB PEPPER FOR POT CULTURE IN A LOW-VOLUME SUBSTRATE." POMICULTURE & SMALL FRUITS CULTURE IN RUSSIA 55 (December 2018): 54–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.31676/2073-4948-2018-55-54-59.
Full text
16
Lopez, Maria Lorena. "Policy for Sustainable Low-Volume Rural Roads in Costa Rica." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1819, no. 1 (2003): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1819a-02.
Full textAbstract:
The main issues that have been addressed in the Costa Rican government’s policy for low-volume rural roads are discussed. As in most developing countries, providing good roads to support the growing demand for agricultural and tourism activities has been a great challenge, especially in times of important budget limitations. The Costa Rican experience is shared in the hope that it can prove useful in other countries, because its impact has not been limited to just providing better roads; it is also helping to motivate widespread citizen participation and to improve technical and organizational capabilities of the local governments. Because the majority of the rural roads are managed by local governments, whose administrative and technical capacity has been limited in the past, the central government, through the Ministry of Public Works and Transportation, has developed a comprehensive policy based on simple technology transfer programs and regulations for these organizations, while at the same time inducing a method of investment planning that requires organized citizen participation. The program, called Participative Road Conservation, has become the center of the government’s policy. Some of the highlights of the program are presented. The strategy of the program has been to give straightforward guidelines in organizational issues of road maintenance at the local government level (including the local road committees), basic technical standards to be followed, and planning methodologies. One of the fundamental principles of the program is the sharing of responsibilities for adequate road maintenance, including financial contributions, among the communities, the local government, and the central government. This policy for sustainable rural roads is making a change in the road maintenance culture of the country. It has required educational programs concerning the importance of roads, the correct way to build and maintain them, adequate control of the work, and so forth. Once the community is involved in planning and rehabilitating a road, it is more likely that the road will not be allowed to deteriorate again. Even children are involved in a program of school patrols. The financial reforms that have been made in Costa Rica to attend to the needs of the national and municipal road systems are also addressed.
17
Udalova, O. R., L. M. Anikina, G. V. Mirskaya, P. Yu Kononchuk, and G. G. Panova. "Low-volume and thin-layer panoponics in intensive artificial-light culture of cucumber: basics and results of application." Vegetable crops of Russia, no. 2 (May 19, 2021): 39–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.18619/2072-9146-2021-2-39-44.
Full textAbstract:
Relevance. The year-round provision of the population of our country with fresh vegetable products remainsis relevant. The creation and widespread implementation of high-tech automated phytotechnological complexes based on innovative technologies for growing plants in intensive light culture, including the development of new-generation root-dwelling environments, low-volume and thin-layer analogs of soil and systems for providing plants with water and mineral nutrition elements, is one of the promising ways to solve this problem.The purpose. Assessment of the influence of root environment conditions on the production process of cucumber plants in intensive light culture is the aim of our work.Methods. The research was carried out under controlled conditions of intensive artificial-light culture, when growing a hybrid of cucumber Tristan F1 by using of low-volume and thin-layer analogs of soil with the supply of a nutrient solution to the plant roots through a slit capillary and by drip irrigation with the use of plant growing light equipment developed at Agrophysical Institute.Results. Evaluation of the influence of the conditions of the root environment - alow-volume analogue of the soil based on high-moor peat – agrophyte and a thin-layer analog of the soil based on a clay suspension with a feed of nutrient solution through a slit capillary, on the production process of cucumber plants showed that in comparison with the control – a low-volume analog of the soil-agrophyte with a feed of nutrient solution by drip irrigation, there is growth acceleration of the cucumber hybrid Tristan F1 in the form of a positive trend and reliable values; as well as a significant increase in the number of fruits by 38-43%, the weight of fruits by 52-53% from the plant; an increase in the accumulation of raw by 38-40% and dry weight by 27-32% by cucumber leaves; an increase in the leaf surface area by 38-40%, leaf water content by 7.3- 9.6%; a significant or positive trend increase in the content of calcium in cucumber fruits by 18-29%, magnesium by 20-29%, iron by 5-16%, vitamin C by 17-23%, while the content of heavy metals and nitrates does not exceed exceeded the MPC in all variants. Methods of growing plants on low-volume and thin - layer analogs of soil with the supply of a nutrient solution to the roots through a slit capillary can be recommended for any cultivation facilities in conditions of intensive light culture.
18
Wehner, F., H. Sauer, and R. K. Kinne. "Hypertonic stress increases the Na+ conductance of rat hepatocytes in primary culture." Journal of General Physiology 105, no. 4 (1995): 507–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1085/jgp.105.4.507.
Full textAbstract:
We studied the ionic mechanisms underlying the regulatory volume increase of rat hepatocytes in primary culture by use of confocal laser scanning microscopy, conventional and ion-sensitive microelectrodes, cable analysis, microfluorometry, and measurements of 86Rb+ uptake. Increasing osmolarity from 300 to 400 mosm/liter by addition of sucrose decreased cell volumes to 88.6% within 1 min; thereafter, cell volumes increased to 94.1% of control within 10 min, equivalent to a regulatory volume increase (RVI) by 44.5%. This RVI was paralleled by a decrease in cell input resistance and in specific cell membrane resistance to 88 and 60%, respectively. Ion substitution experiments (high K+, low Na+, low Cl-) revealed that these membrane effects are due to an increase in hepatocyte Na+ conductance. During RVI, ouabain-sensitive 86Rb+ uptake was augmented to 141% of control, and cell Na+ and cell K+ increased to 148 and 180%, respectively. The RVI, the increases in Na+ conductance and cell Na+, as well as the activation of Na+/K(+)-ATPase were completely blocked by 10(-5) mol/liter amiloride. At this concentration, amiloride had no effect on osmotically induced cell alkalinization via Na+/H+ exchange. When osmolarity was increased from 220 to 300 mosm/liter (by readdition of sucrose after a preperiod of 15 min in which the cells underwent a regulatory volume decrease, RVD) cell volumes initially decreased to 81.5%; thereafter cell volumes increased to 90.8% of control. This post-RVD-RVI of 55.0% is also mediated by an increase in Na+ conductance. We conclude that rat hepatocytes in confluent primary culture are capable of RVI as well as of post-RVD-RVI. In this system, hypertonic stress leads to a considerable increase in cell membrane Na+ conductance. In concert with conductive Na+ influx, cell K+ is then increased via activation of Na+/K(+)-ATPase. An additional role of Na+/H+ exchange in the volume regulation of rat hepatocytes remains to be defined.
19
Thé, Tama, Alison Curfman, Carey-Ann D. Burnham, Ericka Hayes, and David Schnadower. "Pediatric Anaerobic Blood Culture Practices in Industrialized Countries." Journal of Applied Laboratory Medicine 3, no. 4 (2019): 553–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1373/jalm.2018.027128.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Background Routine anaerobic blood culture collection in febrile children is controversial, as clinicians try to account for the severe but relative infrequency of anaerobic bacteremia. Furthermore, clinical and laboratory practice variation among institutions may lead to potentially inaccurate epidemiological data. Our goal was to assess blood culture practices in pediatric patients throughout an international network of hospitals in industrialized countries. Methods We conducted a survey of current clinical and laboratory practice patterns in a convenience sample of international institutions participating in 6 pediatric emergency research networks in the US, Canada, Europe, Australia, and New Zealand. A lead clinician at each institution queried institutional practices from the emergency department, pediatric intensive care unit, and oncology medical directors. The microbiology director at each institution completed the laboratory survey. Results Sixty-five of 160 (41%) invited institutions participated in the survey. Routine anaerobic blood cultures are collected in 30% of emergency departments, 30% of intensive care units, and 48% of oncology wards. Reasons for restricting anaerobic culture collection included concerns regarding blood volume (51%), low pretest probability (22%), and cost-effectiveness (16%). The most common reasons institutions allow for selectively obtaining anaerobic cultures are clinical suspicion (64%) and patients who are immunosuppressed (50%). The microbiology survey showed variation in systems, although most use the BACTEC™ culture system and MALDI-TOF for organism identification. Conclusions There is broad variation in anaerobic blood culture practices among a network of pediatric hospitals in industrialized countries.
20
BOOTS, Robert J., Gael E. PHILLIPS, Narelle GEORGE, and Joan L. FAOAGALI. "Surveillance culture utility and safety using low-volume blind bronchoalveolar lavage in the diagnosis of ventilator-associated pneumonia." Respirology 13, no. 1 (2008): 87–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1843.2007.01211.x.
Full text
21
Aulthouse, Amy L., Ellen Freeh, Sabrina Newstead, and Amy L. Stockert. "Part 1: A Novel Model for Three-Dimensional Culture of 3T3-L1 Preadipocytes Stimulates Spontaneous Cell Differentiation Independent of Chemical Induction Typically Required in Monolayer." Nutrition and Metabolic Insights 12 (January 2019): 117863881984139. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1178638819841399.
Full textAbstract:
Differences in monolayer and three-dimensional (3D) culture systems have been recognized for several years. Despite the recognized importance of 3D systems, low cost and convenience of monolayer culture are still readily used for metabolic and nutritional studies. Here, we present part 1 of a 2-part series that will highlight (1) a novel and cost-effective model for culturing 3T3-L1 preadipocytes in 3D agarose as well as (2) an initial study showing the successful use of this 3D model for experimental analysis of these cells treated with cinnamon extract while suspended in agarose. In part 1, we provide a full characterization of the model system for the 3T3-L1 cells that demonstrate the functionality and convenience of this system. Importantly, we note spontaneous differentiation to adipocytes while cultured under these methods, independent of chemical induction. We present a 2.5-week time course with rounded cells forming vacuoles as early as 24 hours and accumulation of lipid detectable by Oil Red O stain at 0.5 weeks. Serum selection, lipid volume determination, and cell size are characterized. We conclusively demonstrate adipogenesis based on a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) detection using immunohistochemistry (IHC) of sections from these 3D cultures. Methods, materials and recommendations are described as well as proposed benefits to the use of this culture system for 3T3-L1 cells.
22
Zhao, Y., and MR Luck. "Bovine granulosa cells express extracellular matrix proteins and their regulators during luteinization in culture." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 8, no. 2 (1996): 259. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rd9960259.
Full textAbstract:
This study investigated the ability of bovine granulosa cells to express and secrete collagen, metalloproteinase (MMP) activity and a tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP-1) during luteinization in vitro. Cells from mature (1-2 mL fluid volume) bovine follicles were cultured over 4 days in serum-free medium. Their luteinization during culture was confirmed by a 10-fold increase in progesterone secretion. Samples of cell extracts, culture media and follicular fluid were subjected to Western blotting to identify secreted proteins and to gelatin zymography to detect enzyme activity. Poly A+ RNA, isolated from cells before and after culture, was probed to detect expression of collagen alpha 1(I), collagen alpha 3(IV) and TIMP-1. The results revealed that: (1) the collagen alpha 1(I) subunit gene was expressed in cells before culture but with greater intensity by Day 4 culture; collagen I protein, on the other hand, was not detectable in culture medium; (2) the collagen alpha 3(IV) subunit gene was expressed at a low level in uncultured cells and could be detected on Day 4 of culture; low amounts of the protein were detected in medium; (3) a 92-kDa band of gelatinase activity (presumed MMP-9) was present in all medium samples, together with bands of unidentified activity; and (5) the TIMP-1 gene was expressed in uncultured cells but its expression increased markedly up to Day 4 of culture. These results show that granulosa luteinization is associated with an increase in the expression of collagen, collagen-degrading enzymes and TIMP-1. Collagen protein, however, may be only poorly synthesized in this culture model. The results suggest that granulosa-derived cells are a likely source of components of the extracellular matrix during post-ovulatory remodelling of early luteal tissue.
23
Zhang, Xingping, and Billy B. Rhodes. "A TISSUE CULTURE APPROACH FOR DEVELOPING TETRAPLOID WATERMELONS." HortScience 31, no. 5 (1996): 747b—747. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.31.5.747b.
Full textAbstract:
Tetraploids are needed to synthesize triploid watermelons, which produce “seedless” fruit with improved quality. Traditionally, the tetraploids are induced by applying colchicine to the growing apex of seedlings or soaking the seeds with colchicine solution. This method often produces low frequency of tetraploids and high frequency of chimeras. Breeding tetraploids takes much longer time than breeding diploids because of the low female fertility. We developed a tissue culture approach that allows breeders to develop desirable tetraploids with commercially acceptable volume of seed in 2 years. This tissue culture approach includes: 1) regenerate plants via shoot organogenesis from cotyledon tissue; 2) screen tetraploids based on leaf morphology (more serrated leaf margin and wider leaf shape) before transplanting, and confirm tetraploids based on pollen morphology (larger pollen with four copi) and/or seed characteristics; 3) self-pollinate tetraploids or cross the tetraploids with diploids to accurately estimate the female fertility; 4) micropropagate the best tetraploid(s) using axillary buds during the off-season; and 5) produce tetraploid seed from the cloned tetraploids in an isolation plot and evaluate the triploids derived from the tetraploid(s) in the following season. This approach has been practiced on more than 20 genotypes over the past 4 years.
24
Yassin, Mohamed, Marian Gagu, Heather Dixon, and Rahman Hariri. "1229. Two-Step Water Filtration and Control of Delftia acidovorans Hemodialysis Pseudo Outbreak." Open Forum Infectious Diseases 6, Supplement_2 (2019): S441—S442. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofz360.1092.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Background Reverse Osmosis (RO) technology improved the quality of water needed for hemodialysis (HD). Guidelines require low colony count (<100 cfu/ mL) in product water used for HD. It is not unusual to see occasional water cultures above the maximum allowable count. In this event the RO machine is pulled out of service, disinfected and returned to service only after repeat culture is negative Methods In our institution, we had positive water culture from RO machine over a year duration that became persistently positive. Identification of the bacteria revealed Gram-negative environmental water cultures Delftia acidovorans. Despite all attempts to contain the pseudo outbreak (no clinical cases), all the RO were persistently positive. Renovation and replacement of all RO machines with Heat disinfection RO machines were performed. Results Delftia acidovorans grew from disinfection line, pump and product water were highly related using whole-genome sequencing. City water cultures were directly cultured repeatedly negative, and only after large volume filtration cultures grew Delftia. Despite the renovation, many machines were turning positive again. Two-step water filtration at the incoming water to the HD suite, was extremely effective in maintaining all water cultures negative for over 2 years after the pseudo outbreak. Conclusion Delftia Is a waterborne pathogen that is capable of forming a biofilm. 2-Step filtration (with 4 micron and less than a micron) is an expensive and effective way to improve the incoming water quality. Heat disinfection RO has a lower risk for development of a biofilm as compared with chemical disinfection RO. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.
25
Sebinger, David D. R., Mathieu Unbekandt, Veronika V. Ganeva, Andreas Ofenbauer, Carsten Werner, and Jamie A. Davies. "A Novel, Low-Volume Method for Organ Culture of Embryonic Kidneys That Allows Development of Cortico-Medullary Anatomical Organization." PLoS ONE 5, no. 5 (2010): e10550. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0010550.
Full text
26
Macedo, Fransisco Igor, Sandeep Anantha, Alice J. Race, Awinderpreet Singh, Michael J. Jacobs, and Janak A. Parikh. "Are practice patterns of high-volume pancreatic surgeons distinct from low-volume pancreatic surgeons? A IHPBA/AHPBA web-based survey study." Journal of Clinical Oncology 34, no. 4_suppl (2016): 449. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2016.34.4_suppl.449.
Full textAbstract:
449 Background: Pancreatoduodenectomy (PD) is still one of the most complex operations with varied intraoperative techniques and postoperative management. The surgeon volume performing this complex surgery can determine patient outcomes and they might have distinct practice patterns. We aim to compare the practice patterns in perioperative management between high- (HV) and low-volume (LV) hepatobiliary surgeons. Methods: A 25-item survey questionnaire was electronically distributed using Survey Monkey to IHPBA and AHPBA members between May and August 2015 regarding their practice patterns for PD. HV surgeons were defined as those performing greater than 10 PD per year. Results: A total of 285 responses were included (HV, n=229; LV, n=57). The majority of participants were from United States (34.7%), Asia (14.3%) and Europe (28.1%). A significant higher proportion of LV surgeons were observed in Europe (p=0.04) and Asia (p=0.003). LV surgeons are more likely to continue perioperative antibiotics beyond 24 hours postoperatively (57.1% vs. 36.2%, p=0.009) and use more drains (p=0.04), however less likely to routinely measure postoperative drain amylase (73.6% vs. 85.6%, p=0.003). No significant difference was observed regarding management of infection, bile culture, or wound care. Conclusions: Practice patterns are variable between LV and HV pancreatic surgeons. LV surgeons are more likely to prolong prophylactic antibiotics, and use more suction drains, however HV surgeons have closer monitoring for signs of pancreatic leak. Further studies are warranted to elucidate the impact of these variations on surgical outcomes of patients undergoing pancreatoduodenectomy.
27
Santos, Francilayne Moretto dos, Aline Krampe Peres, Michel Roberto Mandotti, and Luis Alberto Batista Peres. "Metabolic investigation in patients with nephrolithiasis." Einstein (São Paulo) 15, no. 4 (2017): 452–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1679-45082017ao4029.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACT: Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of metabolic disorders associated with nephrolithiasis in a female population. Methods: A retrospective study on 1,737 patients with evidence of recent formation of renal stones, being 54% females. The laboratory investigation consisted of at least two samples of blood and 24-hour urine to assess calcium, uric acid, citrate and creatinine levels, qualitative cystinuria, urinary pH following fasting and 12-hour water restriction, urine culture, serum creatinine and parathyroid hormone. Results: The most frequent alterations were hypercalciuria (40.9%), urinary tract infection (23.2%), hypocitraturia (22.4%), low urinary volume (20.5%) and hyperuricosuria (16%). Conclusion: The most frequent metabolic alterations in females were hypocitraturia, urinary tract infection, low urinary volume and hyperuricosuria.
28
Karinja, Miriam N., Tonya M. Esterhuizen, Sven O. Friedrich, and Andreas H. Diacon. "Sputum Volume Predicts Sputum Mycobacterial Load during the First 2 Weeks of Antituberculosis Treatment." Journal of Clinical Microbiology 53, no. 4 (2014): 1087–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.02379-14.
Full textAbstract:
Disease severity in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis is associated with mycobacterial sputum load. To ascertain whether reduced sputum production during treatment is a useful clinical sign of improvement, we analyzed the mycobacterial loads of 5,552 sputum samples collected from 439 newly diagnosed sputum smear-positive tuberculosis patients who participated in six 14-day studies of antituberculosis treatment. Sputum volumes were categorized as low (<6 ml), medium (6 to 10 ml), or large (>10 ml), and mycobacterial load was measured by the time to positivity in liquid culture and the CFU counts on solid culture. The association of sputum volume with mycobacterial load was estimated with multiple linear regression models adjusted for repeated measures. The predictor variables were sputum volume category, treatment day, specific study , and the interaction of sputum volume category and treatment day. Mycobacterial load was significantly associated only with the day on treatment and sputum volume, which tended to decrease with ongoing treatment. With the volume held constant, each day on treatment decreased the log CFU by 0.082 (P< 0.001) and increased the time to positivity (TTP) by 1.04 h (P< 0.001). From low to medium and from medium to large sputum volumes, the log CFU/ml increased by 0.265 (P< 0.003) and 0.490 (P< 0.001), respectively, and the TTP decreased by 1.17 h (P< 0.001) and 1.30 h (P< 0.001), respectively, for a given day of treatment. The variability of the sputum load measurements increased with the day of treatment and lower sputum volumes. The significant association of sputum volume and mycobacterial load validates decreasing sputum production as a clinical sign of improvement during early antituberculosis treatment.
29
Heo, Jeongwook, Sandra B. Wilson, and Toyoki Kozai. "A Forced Ventilation Micropropagation System for Photoautotrophic Production of Sweetpotato Plug Plantlets in a Scaled-up Culture Vessel: I. Growth and Uniformity." HortTechnology 11, no. 1 (2001): 90–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.11.1.90.
Full textAbstract:
An improved forced ventilation micropropagation system was designed with air distribution pipes for uniform spatial distributions of carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration and other environmental factors to enhance photoautotrophic growth and uniformity of plug plantlets. Single-node stem cuttings of sweetpotato [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam. `Beniazuma'] were photoautotrophically (no sugar in the culture medium) cultured on a mixture of vermiculite and cellulose fibers with half-strength Murashige and Skoog basal salts in a scaled-up culture vessel with an inside volume of 11 L (2.9 gal). CO2 concentration of the supplied air and photosynthetic photon flux on the culture shelf were maintained at 1500 μmol·mol-1 and 150 μmol·m-2·s-1, respectively. Plantlets grown in forced ventilation systems were compared to plantlets grown in standard (natural ventilation rate) tissue culture vessels. The forced (F) ventilation treatments were designated high (FH), medium (FM), and low (FL), and corresponded to ventilation rates of 23 mL·s-1 (1.40 inch3/s), 17 mL·s-1 (1.04 inch3/s), and 10 mL·s-1 (0.61 inch3/s), respectively, on day 12. The natural (N) ventilation treatment was extremely low (NE) at 0.4 mL·s-1 (0.02 inch3/s), relative to the forced ventilation treatments. On day 12, the photoautotrophic growth of plantlets was nearly two times greater with the forced ventilation system than with the natural ventilation system. Plantlet growth did not significantly differ among the forced ventilation rates tested. The uniformity of the plantlet growth in the scaled-up culture vessel was enhanced by use of air distribution pipes that decreased the difference in CO2 concentration between the air inlets and the air outlet.
30
Choi, Jong Hoon, Lorena Loarca, Jose M. De Hoyos-Vega, et al. "Microfluidic confinement enhances phenotype and function of hepatocyte spheroids." American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 319, no. 3 (2020): C552—C560. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.00094.2020.
Full textAbstract:
A number of cell culture approaches have been described for maintenance of primary hepatocytes. Forming hepatocytes into three-dimensional (3-D) spheroids is one well-accepted method for extending epithelial phenotype of these cells. Our laboratory has previously observed enhanced function of two-dimensional (2-D, monolayer) hepatocyte cultures in microfluidic devices due to increased production of several hepato-inductive growth factors, including hepatocyte growth factor (HGF). In the present study, we wanted to test a hypothesis that culturing hepatocyte spheroids (3-D) in microfluidic devices will also result in enhanced phenotype and function. To test this hypothesis, we fabricated devices with small and large volumes. Both types of devices included a microstructured floor containing arrays of pyramidal wells to promote assembly of hepatocytes into spheroids with individual diameters of ~100 µm. The hepatocyte spheroids were found to be more functional, as evidenced by higher level of albumin synthesis, bile acid production, and hepatic enzyme expression, in low-volume compared with large-volume devices. Importantly, high functionality of spheroid cultures correlated with elevated levels of HGF secretion. Although decay of hepatic function (albumin secretion) was observed over the course 3 wk, this behavior could be abrogated by inhibiting TGF-β1 signaling. With TGF-β1 inhibitor, microfluidic hepatocyte spheroid cultures maintained high and stable levels of albumin synthesis over the course of 4 wk. To further highlight utility of this culture platform for liver disease modeling, we carried out alcohol injury experiments in microfluidic devices and tested protective effects of interleukin-22: a potential therapy for alcoholic hepatitis.
31
Karnik, Sonali, Chaeeun Lee, Andrea Cancino, and Abhinav Bhushan. "Real-time measurement of cholesterol secreted by human hepatocytes using a novel microfluidic assay." TECHNOLOGY 06, no. 03n04 (2018): 135–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2339547818500097.
Full textAbstract:
The use of microfluidics has become widespread in recent years because of the use of lesser resources such as small size, low volume of reagents, and physiological representation of mammalian cells. One of the advantages of microfluidic-based cell culture is the ability to perfuse culture media which tends to improve cellular health and function. Although measurement of cellular function conventionally is carried out using well-plates and plate readers, these approaches are insufficient to carry out in-line analysis of perfused cell cultures because of mismatch between volumes and sensitivity. We report the development of a novel microfluidic device and assay that is carried out under perfusion, in-line to measure the cholesterol secreted from a human hepatocyte tissue-chip. The heart of the assay is the unique implementation of enzymatic chemistry that is carried out on a polystyrene bead. Using this approach, we successfully measured cholesterol secreted by the perfused human hepatocytes.
32
Rodríguez, Daniel, Juan Reca, Juan Martínez, and Miguel Urrestarazu. "Automatic Irrigation Control System for Soilless Culture Based on Feedback from Drainage Hydrograph." Applied Engineering in Agriculture 33, no. 4 (2017): 531–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/aea.11172.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract. In a soilless culture, water and nutrients must be frequently and precisely applied due to the reduced volume and low water holding capacity of the substrate. We describe a low-cost and efficient control system for the irrigation management of soilless culture based on an irrigation tray. Both irrigation and drainage volumes from the irrigation control tray are measured automatically. The proposed irrigation scheduling options were based on applying both variable timing and amounts. A Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) algorithm was used to establish the irrigation timing option while two different irrigation application options, based on measurements from the drainage hydrograph, were developed and tested. A field test performed on a tomato crop was carried out to assess the performance of the two irrigation application options. Both irrigation algorithms performed well as they fitted the leaching fraction for every irrigation event to the target value. The fruit yield and quality were comparable to results obtained from the control treatment of the tomato crop. The designed low-cost irrigation control system, if implemented on commercial farms, could prove to be economically very beneficial. Keywords: Automation, Drainage hydrograph, Irrigation control tray, Irrigation scheduling, Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) controller, Substrate culture.
33
Коваль Д. С. "МОНІТОРИНГ ПРОЦЕСУ ФОРМУВАННЯ ПРАВОВОЇ КУЛЬТУРИ МАЙБУТНІХ УЧИТЕЛІВ ІСТОРІЇ ТА ПРАВОЗНАВСТВА У ФАХОВІЙ ПІДГОТОВЦІ". World Science 3, № 4(56) (2020): 19–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.31435/rsglobal_ws/30042020/7032.
Full textAbstract:
The article monitors the process of forming the legal culture of future teachers of history and jurisprudence in professional training, which included analysis of the subjects taught in the educational program in the specialty Secondary Education (History). Jurisprudence, analysis of external and internal factors that influence the process of formation of legal culture. The causes of low formation of legal culture of future teachers of history and jurisprudence are established: low requirements for the process of its formation, legal units within the disciplines of professional training offered to study, presented in the standards of pedagogical specialties autonomously from the legal courses, lack of discretion plan, insufficient legal competence of teachers, which, due to the peculiarities of the content of the discipline, it is necessary to teach the norms of Ukrainian law, professional training of future teachers of history and jurisprudence does not correspond to the level of legal culture, which should be demonstrated by a specialist after graduation from higher education institution. The criteria for selecting the content and volume of legal information needed for future history and law teachers are highlighted.
34
Peng, Jia Wei, and Ho Shing Wu. "Kinetic Study of Glucosamine Production Using Aspergillus sydowii BCRC 31742 under Solid-State Fermentation." Molecules 25, no. 20 (2020): 4832. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25204832.
Full textAbstract:
In the present study, we aimed to obtain a high yield and productivity for glucosamine using a low-cost solid-state culture with Aspergillus sydowii BCRC 31742. The fermentation conditions, such as inoculum biomass, moisture content, and supplemental volume and mineral salt, were chosen to achieve high productivity of glucosamine (GlcN). When the initial supplemental volume used was 3 mL/g substrate, the yield and productivity of GlcN were 48.7 mg/gds and 0.69 mg/gds·h, respectively. This result will be helpful for the industrialization of the process.
35
Tsvetkov, Vitaly O., Olga V. Kolovanova, Oxana E. Frolova, Tatiana A. Gusarova, and Ludmila G. Ezhova. "Informativeness of bone intraoperative culture for diagnose osteomyelitis in diabetic foot patients." Diabetes mellitus 22, no. 5 (2020): 428–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.14341/dm10048.
Full textAbstract:
BACKGROUND: Diagnosis of osteomyelitis in diabetic foot patients is frequently not obvious due to similar clinical and X-ray signs of bone infection and Sharcot osteopathy, but it is very important because of opposite approach to treatment of these conditions. Today we do not have reliable parameters to determine the devastation of bone infection and, therefore, the rational volume of bone resection and debridement.
 AIMS: To determine the diagnostic value of bone culture for osteomyelitis in diabetic foot patients.
 MATERIALS AND METHODS: 177 patients underwent surgery due to different forms of diabetic foot. In 131 of them clinical signs of osteomyelitis were revealed and this diagnosis was confirmed by histology. 46 patients with diabetes who underwent high-level amputation without bone infection formed the control group. Intraoperative bone cultures and histological samples were taken in all cases.
 RESULTS: We found similar microbial landscape in various forms of diabetic foot and in control group. The frequency of positive intraoperative cultures in patients without osteomyelitis was detected as 63%. The sensitivity of bone culture was counted as 86,3%, the specificity as 37%, the accuracy 73.5%.
 CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that bone culture is not reliable sign of bone infection in diabetic foot patients due to its low specificity. In our judgment, the only way to determine rational level of bone resection is visual intraoperative assessment and clinical signs such as development of granulation tissue and wound healing.
36
Affanni, Antonio, Ruben Specogna, and Francesco Trevisan. "Estimating the Volume of Unknown Inclusions in an Electrically Conducting Body with Voltage Measurements." Sensors 19, no. 3 (2019): 637. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19030637.
Full textAbstract:
We propose a novel technique to estimate the total volume of unknown insulating inclusions in an electrically conducting body from voltage measurements. Unlike conventional Electrical Impedance Tomography (EIT) systems that usually exhibit low spatial resolution and accuracy, the proposed device is composed of a pair of driving electrodes which, supplied with a known sinusoidal voltage, create a current density field inside a region of interest. The electrodes are designed to generate a current density field in the region of interest that is uniform, to a good approximation, when the inclusions are not present. A set of electrodes with a polygonal geometry is used for four-wires resistance measurements. The proposed technique has been tested designing a low cost prototype, where all electrodes are on the bottom of the conducting body, showing good performances. Such a device may be used to monitor the volume of biological cells inside cell culture dishes or the volume of blood clots in micro-channels in lab-on-a-chip biosensors.
37
Xuan Canh, Nguyen, Tran Thi Thu Hien, Nguyen Thanh Huyen, Pham Le Anh Minh, Tran Bao Tram, and Nguyen Thi Thanh Mai. "Optimization of culture conditions of Streptomyces antibioticus strain 1083 to improve the antimicrobial activity against Aeromonas hydrophila." Vietnam Journal of Biotechnology 16, no. 4 (2020): 713–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.15625/1811-4989/16/4/13259.
Full textAbstract:
Fish is a healthy, high protein and low fat food that encourages the health and growth of people, especially children. However, in fact fish is very sensitive to many diseases which affects the productivity and quality of fish. Therefore, identifying the cause of the diseases and finding preventive measures become an urgent task today. In the previous study, we isolated Streptomyces antibioticus strain 1083 that has the ability to antagonize Aeromonas hydrophila - a pathogenic bacterium in fish. Based on the obtained results, we continue to perform this study to determine optimal conditions for the culture of S. antibioticus strain 1083 in order to produce antimicrobial compounds against A. hydrophila. The production of antagonists by the strain 1083 was optimized by controlling the condition of different inoculations such as media, pH, temperature and incubation period. The results indicated that International Streptomyces Project 2 (ISP2) was the best medium for S. antibioticus strain 1083 to produce the highest antimicrobial activity against A. hydrophila with 32 mm in diameter of inhibited zone. The actinomycete strain 1083 could express the maximum antimicrobial activity when they were incubated in shaker incubator (200rpm) at 40oC with pH8 in 8 days. The ability of the actinomycete strain in antagonism against A. hydrophila was evaluated by adding different culture medium volume of S. antibioticus strain 1083. With adding 10% cultured solution volume of S. antibioticus strain 1083 into the culture medium of A. hydrophila, after 1 day of inoculation the number of pathogenic bacteria cells were completely eliminated.
38
Trotter, A. J., S. C. Battaglene, and P. M. Pankhurst. "Buoyancy control and diel changes in swim-bladder volume in cultured striped trumpeter (Latris lineata) larvae." Marine and Freshwater Research 56, no. 4 (2005): 361. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf04209.
Full textAbstract:
Body density, swim-bladder volume, buoyant force and feeding in relation to growth, photoperiod and light intensity were investigated in cultured striped trumpeter larvae. Prior to initial swim-bladder inflation, body density was negative during both the light and dark phases, regulated on a diel cycle from 1.0275 to 1.0290 g cm−3 (seawater: 1.0265 g cm−3). After initial swim-bladder inflation, body density decreased markedly during the dark phase as swim-bladder volume increased on a diel cycle. Downward buoyant force from dry matter increased with age and was compensated for by increasing relative swim-bladder volume. Greatest difference in body density between light (1.0260 g cm−3) and dark phase (1.0245 g cm−3) was when larvae were from 6.5 to 7.5 mm (standard length) (seawater: 1.0260 g cm−3). Density of larvae without a functional swim bladder was always greater than larvae with a functional swim bladder, and the former had reduced growth. Diel buoyancy control exhibited by striped trumpeter larvae with low amplitude changes in swim-bladder volume is similar to other transient physostomes. Mortality events previously observed in striped trumpeter culture are possibly related to negative buoyancy before first feeding and positive buoyancy during the dark phase following initial swim-bladder inflation.
39
Szafran, Roman G., Kazimierz Gąsiorowski, and Benita Wiatrak. "Colorectal Adenocarcinoma Cell Culture in a Microfluidically Controlled Environment with a Static Molecular Gradient of Polyphenol." Molecules 26, no. 11 (2021): 3215. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26113215.
Full textAbstract:
To study the simultaneous effect of the molecular gradient of polyphenols (curcumin, trans-resveratrol, and wogonin) and biological factors released from tumor cells on apoptosis of adjacent cells, a novel microfluidic system was designed and manufactured. The small height/volume of microfluidic culture chambers and static conditions allowed for establishing the local microenvironment and maintaining undisturbed concentration profiles of naturally secreted from cells biochemical factors. In all trials, we observe that these conditions significantly affect cell viability by stimulating cell apoptosis at lower concentrations of polyphenols than in traditional multiwell cultures. The observed difference varied between 20.4–87.8% for curcumin, 11.0–37.5% for resveratrol, and 21.7–62.2% for wogonin. At low concentrations of polyphenols, the proapoptotic substances released from adjacent cells, like protein degradation products, significantly influence cell viability. The mean increase in cell mortality was 38.3% for microfluidic cultures. Our research has also confirmed that the gradient microsystem is useful in routine laboratory tests in the same way as a multiwell plate and may be treated as its replacement in the future. We elaborated the new repetitive procedures for cell culture and tests in static gradient conditions, which may become a gold standard of new drug investigations in the future.
40
Diem Trang, Ngo Thuy. "CONSTRUCTED WETLANDS AS BIOFILTERS IN CLOSED RECIRCULATING TANK CULTURE SYSTEMS OF ASIAN TIGER SHRIMP (PENAEUS MONODON)." Vietnam Journal of Science and Technology 54, no. 2A (2018): 84. http://dx.doi.org/10.15625/2525-2518/54/2a/11915.
Full textAbstract:
The study was conducted to monitor the real-time status of toxic compounds to P. monodon in intensive recirculating aquaculture system integrated constructed wetlands (CWs) designed with surface flow (SF), vertical subsurface flow (VF) and horizontal subsurface flow (HF), and to examine removal efficiency of contaminants in different CWs. Plants used in the system were cattail (Typha sp.), elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum) and unplanted systems used as referenced samples. Recirculating rate per day was 50 % of total water volume in tanks. Water from culture tanks was purified by passing through SF, VF and HF then return to original tanks without water exchange in entire study period. After 72 days, concentration of NO2-N, NH4-N and NO3-N was building up over study period and was not significantly different among treatment systems (except the concentration of NO3-N). At the end of study period, NH3 concentration was below the toxic threshold for P. monodon in according to Circular No. 45/2010/TT-BNNPTNT. P. monodon grew slowly and the survival rate was as low at 30 %, 43 % and 60,5 % in the HF, SF and VF systems, respectively. The average water volume added in each tank in entire study period was 393 ± 1,7 L. Despite of low survival and growth rates, the integration of CWs in intensively recirculating shrimp systems helps to improve water quality in accordance to Circular No. 45/2010, to diminish pollutant discharging and to maximize efficiency of water use which minimizes environmental pollution.
41
DeBari, Megan K., Wai Hoe Ng, Mallory D. Griffin, et al. "Engineering a 3D Vascularized Adipose Tissue Construct Using a Decellularized Lung Matrix." Biomimetics 6, no. 3 (2021): 52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics6030052.
Full textAbstract:
Critically sized defects in subcutaneous white adipose tissue result in extensive disfigurement and dysfunction and remain a reconstructive challenge for surgeons; as larger defect sizes are correlated with higher rates of complications and failure due to insufficient vascularization following implantation. Our study demonstrates, for the first time, a method to engineer perfusable, pre-vascularized, high-density adipose grafts that combine patient-derived adipose cells with a decellularized lung matrix (DLM). The lung is one of the most vascularized organs with high flow, low resistance, and a large blood–alveolar interface separated by a thin basement membrane. For our work, the large volume capacity within the alveolar compartment was repurposed for high-density adipose cell filling, while the acellular vascular bed provided efficient graft perfusion throughout. Both adipocytes and hASCs were successfully delivered and remained in the alveolar space even after weeks of culture. While adipose-derived cells maintained their morphology and functionality in both static and perfusion DLM cultures, perfusion culture offered enhanced outcomes over static culture. Furthermore, we demonstrate that endothelial cells seamlessly integrate into the acellular vascular tree of the DLM with adipocytes. These results support that the DLM is a unique platform for creating vascularized adipose tissue grafts for large defect filling.
42
Menzies, K. K., K. L. Macmillan, K. R. Nicholas, C. Lefevre, and C. Ormandy. "281. The role of insulin in milk protein synthesis." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 17, no. 9 (2005): 117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/srb05abs281.
Full textAbstract:
The mammary explant culture model has been frequently used to mimic lactation and to examine the endocrine control of milk protein gene expression. Studies in the mouse show the expression of the milk protein genes in explants requires insulin in the presence of prolactin and cortisol. The role of insulin in milk protein synthesis in the dairy cow is not as clear. The bovine mammary explant culture model has been utilised to show that insulin is essential for alpha-s1-casein gene expression and the synthesis of the casein proteins. In addition, mouse culture experiments were undertaken to provide an insight into the underlying molecular mechanisms of insulin action in hte mammary gland. A global analysis of the genes induced in the cultured explants was done using Affymetrix microarray and showed 132 genes, including the major milk protein genes, required the complement of insulin, cortisol and prolactin for maximal expression. Twenty-seven genes showed a 3-fold change in gene expression in response to insulin. The function of these genes can be largely categorised into maintenance of cell integrity, signal transduction, transport mechanisms, cellular metabolism and a direct effect on gene transcription in the nucleus. The requirement for insulin in milk protein synthesis is highlighted by its role in inducing the STAT5 gene, known to be a key transcription factor for the milk protein genes. Interestingly, dairy cows of high genetic merit have unusually low serum concentrations of insulin. This has occured in association with a high selection pressure for milk volume that has altered the regulation of blood glucose homeostasis. Our study indicates that this intensity of selection for high milk volume could be compromising the dairy cow’s potential for milk protein production: Has selecting for milk volume in many populations of dairy cows been achieved by lowering circulating insulin levels with consequent effects on the efficiency for milk protein yield as well as compromised reproductive performance.
43
Zhu, Xiaohua, Maoxia Chen, Xin He, Zili Xiao, Houzhen Zhou, and Zhouliang Tan. "Bioaugmentation treatment of PV wafer manufacturing wastewater by microbial culture." Water Science and Technology 72, no. 5 (2015): 754–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2015.273.
Full textAbstract:
The wastewater of silicon photovoltaic (PV) battery manufacturing contained polyethylene glycol (PEG) and detergents, which possessed the characteristics of high content of organics and low bioavailability, and then resulted in high treatment costs. To address the difficulties of existing treatment facilities in stably meeting discharge standards, eight tons of microbial culture (consisting of Bacillus sp. and Rhodococcus sp.) were added into the aerobic treatment unit. Subsequently, the effectiveness of the microbial culture in small-scale biological wastewater treatment was evaluated, and the operating conditions for engineering applications were optimized. The application study showed that the average chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiency reached 95.0% when the pH value was 7, the gas–water ratio was 28:1, the reflux ratio was 50%, which indicated an increase of 51.2% contrasting with the situation without bioaugmentation. The volume load of the treatment facilities after augmentation increased by 127.9% and could tolerate the COD shock load reached 2,340 mg · L−1. At last, the effluence met the class I standard of the Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard (GB8978–1996).
44
Ozsoy, S., M. B. Morris, and M. L. Day. "111. THE ROLE OF L-PROLINE IN PREIMPLANTATION MOUSE EMBRYO DEVELOPMENT IN VITRO." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 22, no. 9 (2010): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/srb10abs111.
Full textAbstract:
Amino acids are known to play important roles in preimplantation embryo development, including regulation of cell volume and metabolism. Inclusion of l-glutamine, glycine and betaine in embryo culture medium has been shown to improve development in vitro by acting as organic osmolytes, thereby regulating cell volume. The purpose of the present study was to examine the effect of l-proline on preimplantation mouse embryo development in vitro. One-cell stage embryos were cultured in modified HTF, at low density (1 embryo/100 μL) and high density (1 embryo/μL) in the presence and absence of amino acids. Development of the embryos was scored every 24 h until the blastocyst stage. At low density, l-proline significantly increased the proportion of embryos developing to the blastocyst stage. This effect was abolished by culture at high density, suggesting that l-proline was activating a pathway similar to that involved in autocrine signalling by trophic factors in the preimplantation embryo. The improvement in development observed in the presence of l-proline was not due to its action as an organic osmolyte since the osmolality of the medium was 270 mOsm. Furthermore, glycine and betaine, which are known to act as osmolytes in embryos, had no effect on blastocyst development. In embryonic stem cells L-proline is taken up by an amino acid transporter and is involved in the regulation of growth and differentiation (1). The present data suggest that l-proline may have a similar, important role in preimplantation development. (1) JM Washington, J Rathjen, F Felquer, A Lonic, MD Bettess, N Hamra, L Semendric, BSN Tan, J-A Lake, RA Keough, MB Morris and PD Rathjen (2010) Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 298: C982–C992.
45
Stanford, Charlotte A. "Andrew Brown and Jan Dumolyn, eds., Medieval Urban Culture. Studies in European Urban History 43 (1100–1800). Turnhout: Brepols, 2017, 213 pp, ill." Mediaevistik 31, no. 1 (2018): 242. http://dx.doi.org/10.3726/med012018_242.
Full textAbstract:
The editors of this volume are to be commended for bringing together a thematically tight-knit and self-referential collection of essays to investigate the topic of how we understand the term medieval “urban culture.” The grouping of twelve essays in this collection utilizes a blend of the literary, historical and art historical, focusing on western European examples, notably England, France, Italy and the Low Countries, with a concluding chapter on China. Nevertheless, the purpose of this volume is not one of providing thorough coverage, but rather of demonstrating a series of interlinking investigations that explore aspects of cities, from material and representational spaces to networks of exchanges of ideas and goods.
46
Mei, RL, and SA Burstein. "Megakaryocytic maturation in murine long-term bone marrow culture: role of interleukin-6." Blood 78, no. 6 (1991): 1438–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v78.6.1438.1438.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Megakaryocytic maturation was analyzed in long-term bone marrow cultures in the absence of added growth factors. Megakaryocytes could be observed for periods of up to 13 weeks in both the supernatant and stromal layer of these cultures. Using acetylcholinesterase staining for enumeration and sizing of megakaryocytes, and a novel rat antimurine platelet monoclonal antibody (MoAb) that detects only megakaryocytes in bone marrow, the number, volume, and ploidy of these cells were assessed microscopically and by flow cytometry. Correlation of these measurements with ambient interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels showed no relationship between IL-6 bioactivity and megakaryocyte number. Conversely, the relatively high IL-6 bioactivity present during the first 2 weeks of culture was correlated with increased megakaryocytic size and ploidy, while the relatively lower IL-6 bioactivity present after week 3 corresponded to decreased megakaryocytic size and ploidy. Addition of neutralizing anti-IL-6 MoAb decreased megakaryocytic size and ploidy at times when ambient IL-6 levels were relatively high, while the addition of exogenous IL-6 increased size and ploidy at times when endogenous IL-6 concentrations were low. The data show that long- term bone marrow cultures can be used as a means to evaluate megakaryocytic maturation in vitro, and suggest that, to some extent, IL-6 plays a role in the maturation process in this system.
47
Mei, RL, and SA Burstein. "Megakaryocytic maturation in murine long-term bone marrow culture: role of interleukin-6." Blood 78, no. 6 (1991): 1438–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v78.6.1438.bloodjournal7861438.
Full textAbstract:
Megakaryocytic maturation was analyzed in long-term bone marrow cultures in the absence of added growth factors. Megakaryocytes could be observed for periods of up to 13 weeks in both the supernatant and stromal layer of these cultures. Using acetylcholinesterase staining for enumeration and sizing of megakaryocytes, and a novel rat antimurine platelet monoclonal antibody (MoAb) that detects only megakaryocytes in bone marrow, the number, volume, and ploidy of these cells were assessed microscopically and by flow cytometry. Correlation of these measurements with ambient interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels showed no relationship between IL-6 bioactivity and megakaryocyte number. Conversely, the relatively high IL-6 bioactivity present during the first 2 weeks of culture was correlated with increased megakaryocytic size and ploidy, while the relatively lower IL-6 bioactivity present after week 3 corresponded to decreased megakaryocytic size and ploidy. Addition of neutralizing anti-IL-6 MoAb decreased megakaryocytic size and ploidy at times when ambient IL-6 levels were relatively high, while the addition of exogenous IL-6 increased size and ploidy at times when endogenous IL-6 concentrations were low. The data show that long- term bone marrow cultures can be used as a means to evaluate megakaryocytic maturation in vitro, and suggest that, to some extent, IL-6 plays a role in the maturation process in this system.
48
Sekun, M., O. Vlasova, and V. Berezovska-Brigas. "Monitoring the form of resistance of populations of schools of culture and culture to the insecticide." Interdepartmental Thematic Scientific Collection of Plant Protection and Quarantine, no. 65 (December 20, 2019): 149–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.36495/1606-9773.2019.65.149-160.
Full textAbstract:
Goal. To study the toxicity of the modern variety of insecticides from different classes of chemical substances at the level of the mean concentration (СК50, %) of the active substance for the common cereal aphids, cabbage flea, rape blossom weevil, common spider mite. Based on these data to determine the rate of resistance of natural populations of these species of phytophagous arthropods to insecticides.
 Methodology. The sensitivity of phytophagous arthropods was studied on natural populations collected on crops of winter wheat, canola, soybeans in the Kiev region in 2015—2018. For the poisoning of cereal aphids and mites using the method of immersion of the populated lists wheat and soybeans, and flea beetles and pollen beetle — dip them in a gauze bag for 3 seconds in the appropriate solution of insecticides. Were taken 24 hours after poisoning. Toxicological parameters were calculated by using Proban.
 Results. Identifies the different sensitivity of the natural arthropod populations to current insecticides. In terms of the mean concentration (СК50, %) of the active substance rapeseed pollen beetle were most sensitive to Configure, while the rest of the drugs is almost the same. Over the years research is more resistant to Decis Profi turned ordinary spider mites. This pest was a higher resistance.
 Conclusions. The sensitivity of arthropods to insecticides of different chemical classes depends on the characteristics of the pest and the properties of the drug. Indicators of resistance are determined by the biology of the phytophage and terms of use of insecticide. The highest PR was observed for polyvoltine species (aphids, mites). Low levels of resistance to phytophagous pyrethroid insecticides can be explained by two factors: a smaller volume of use or reversion (return of chuvstvitelnosti to the initial level).
49
Nogueira, Yeda L., and Eunice A. B. Galati. "Reproduction of Leishmania (Leishmania ) infantum chagasi in conditioned cell culture growth medium." Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo 48, no. 3 (2006): 147–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0036-46652006000300006.
Full textAbstract:
Leishmanias can be produced by inoculation in conditioned McCoy cell culture growth medium (CGM). Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum chagasi (100 parasites) grown in NNN medium was inoculated in 2.5 mL CGM, kept in plates (24 wells) and its multiplication was observed for five days (120 hours). After day 5, the medium was saturated with the flagellate forms of the parasite (promastigotes). The reproduction of the leishmanias was observed every 24 hours and the number of parasites was calculated by counting the parasites in a drop of 10 µ L and photomicrographied. So the number of Leishmanias was adjusted to 1 mL volume. The advantage of the technique by isolation of Leishmania in CGM demonstrated in this study is its low cost and high efficacy even with a small quantity of parasites (10² promastigotes) used as inoculum. Additionally, isolation of the leishmania can be obtained together with an increase in their density (180 times) as observed by growth kinetics, within a shorter time. These results justify the use of this low-cost technique for the isolation and investigation of the behavior and multiplication of Leishmania both in vertebrates and invertebrates, besides offering means of obtaining antigens, whether whole antigens (leishmanias) or the soluble antigens produced by the parasites which may be useful for the production of new diagnostic kits.
50
Graafland, Johan. "Contingencies in the relationship between economic freedom and human development: the role of generalized trust." Journal of Institutional Economics 16, no. 3 (2019): 271–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1744137419000705.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractAn increasing volume of literature has shown that human development is related to economic institutions. But previous literature has not considered that the effects of economic institutions on human development are contingent on culture. In this study, we contend that the effects of economic freedom (as an indicator of economic institutions) on human development are dependent on generalized trust (as an indicator of culture). Using panel analysis on a sample of 29 OECD countries during 1990–2015, we find that generalized trust positively moderates the relationship between economic freedom and human development. The policy implication is that free market institutions foster human development only in high trust societies, not in low trust countries.