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Journal articles on the topic 'Lower antidegree equitable number'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 2 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

T R, Thasneem, and Manju K. Menon. "Graph domination in rooted products: equitable and outdegree equitable approaches." Gulf Journal of Mathematics 19, no. 1 (2025): 125–35. https://doi.org/10.56947/gjom.v19i1.2121.

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In this paper, equitability related domination parameters such as equitable domination number and outdegree equitable domination number are investigated in the context of rooted product of graphs. Obtained a lower bound for the equitable domination number of rooted product of graphs. Obtained upper as well as lower bound for the outdegree equitable domination number of rooted product of graphs. Some particular rooted product of graphs are examined in detail.

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Olariu, Emanuel Florentin, and Cristian Frăsinaru. "Improving lower bounds for equitable chromatic number." Computers & Operations Research 143 (July 2022): 105790. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cor.2022.105790.

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R. Sudhakar. "Equitable Total Coloring of Line Graph of Certain Graphs." Communications on Applied Nonlinear Analysis 32, no. 9s (2025): 2370–79. https://doi.org/10.52783/cana.v32.4524.

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An equitable total-coloring of a graph G is a proper total-coloring such that the number of vertices and edges in any two color classes differ by at most one. In this paper, we determined the equitable total chromatic number for line graph of ladder, slanting ladder, triangular snake, alternate triangular snake, quadrilateral snake and alternate quadrilateral snake Introduction: Graph coloring is a fundamental problem in graph theory with applications in scheduling, networking, and resource allocation. A total-coloring of a graph G is an assignment of colors to both vertices and edges such tha

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Nash, Katherine A., Himali Weerahandi, Huihui Yu, et al. "Measuring Equity in Readmission as a Distinct Assessment of Hospital Performance." JAMA 331, no. 2 (2024): 111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.2023.24874.

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ImportanceEquity is an essential domain of health care quality. The Centers for Medicare &amp;amp; Medicaid Services (CMS) developed 2 Disparity Methods that together assess equity in clinical outcomes.ObjectivesTo define a measure of equitable readmissions; identify hospitals with equitable readmissions by insurance (dual eligible vs non–dual eligible) or patient race (Black vs White); and compare hospitals with and without equitable readmissions by hospital characteristics and performance on accountability measures (quality, cost, and value).Design, Setting, and ParticipantsCross-section

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O'Connor, Genevieve E. "The Relationships of Competition and Demographics to the Pricing of Health Insurance Premiums in Affordable Care Act–Era Health Insurance Markets." Journal of Public Policy & Marketing 37, no. 1 (2018): 88–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1509/jppm.15.116.

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The Affordable Care Act (ACA) expands health insurance coverage to millions of Americans. Despite the act having been signed into law more than five years ago, health care affordability in the ACA era remains a topic of empirical inquiry, relevant to academicians and public policy makers. A primary concern, with implications for any future legislation, is whether all consumer groups have equitable access to health insurance options through ACA-mandated health insurance markets (HIMs). Utilizing pricing information and demographic data for states that adopted the Healthcare.gov platform, this s

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Codreanu, Cătălin, Claudiu C. Popescu, and Corina Mogoşan. "Area of Residence and Socioeconomic Factors Reduce Access to Biologics for Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients in Romania." BioMed Research International 2018 (2018): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/7458361.

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Introduction. The study aimed to evaluate the influence of socioeconomic factors on rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients’ access to biologics in Romania. Method. Cross-sectional data were collected in January 2014 from the Romanian Registry of Rheumatic Diseases (RRRD) comprising all RA patients on biologics from 42 Romanian counties. “Territorial” access to biologics was defined by patients receiving biologics in their home county. A county was “equitable” if <25% of RA patients received biologics outside it. Results. The RRRD included 4507 RA patients aged 56.7±12.1 years, with a disease du

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Li, Na, Yu Li, Hairui Zhang, Baotong Liu, and Wenfan Yan. "Improving Preschool Parenting Practice for a More Equitable Parent Engagement: Findings from a Resource-exhausted City in China." Advances in Education, Humanities and Social Science Research 10, no. 1 (2024): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.56028/aehssr.10.1.1.2024.

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How to improve preschool parenting practice for a more equitable parent engagement is still a challenge for families and schools, especially for parents in undesirable social and economic environment. We approach this challenge through a case study of H city, one of the third batch of resource-exhausted cities, in Heilongjiang Province, China. Through analysis of 765 parents’ responses, we find that parents, in such circumstance, appear overprotective of their children. Children of authoritarian parenting have lower psychological bearing capacity, weaker sense of responsibility and self-contro

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Young, Derek. "Techniques for determining equality of the maximum nullity and the zero forcing number of a graph." Electronic Journal of Linear Algebra 37 (May 10, 2021): 295–315. http://dx.doi.org/10.13001/ela.2021.4967.

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It is known that the zero forcing number of a graph is an upper bound for the maximum nullity of the graph (see [AIM Minimum Rank - Special Graphs Work Group (F. Barioli, W. Barrett, S. Butler, S. Cioab$\breve{\text{a}}$, D. Cvetkovi$\acute{\text{c}}$, S. Fallat, C. Godsil, W. Haemers, L. Hogben, R. Mikkelson, S. Narayan, O. Pryporova, I. Sciriha, W. So, D. Stevanovi$\acute{\text{c}}$, H. van der Holst, K. Vander Meulen, and A. Wangsness). Linear Algebra Appl., 428(7):1628--1648, 2008]). In this paper, we search for characteristics of a graph that guarantee the maximum nullity of the graph and

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Salinas, Edith, José-Fernando Camacho-Vallejo, and Samuel Nucamendi-Guillén. "A Bi-Level Vaccination Points Location Problem that Aims at Social Distancing and Equity for the Inhabitants." Axioms 12, no. 3 (2023): 305. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/axioms12030305.

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Designing efficient vaccination programs that consider the needs of the population is very relevant to prevent reoccurrence of the COVID-19 pandemic. The government needs to provide vaccination points to give out vaccine doses to the population. In this paper, the authors analyze the location of vaccination points whilst addressing the inhabitants’ preferences. Two objectives that prevent crowding of inhabitants are considered. The government aims for the minimum distance between located vaccination points is maximized, and for the number of inhabitants that attend the different vaccination po

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Wang, Zihe, Gege Yan, and Siyuan Wang. "Fairness Evaluation of Landscape Justice in Urban Park Green Space: A Case Study of the Daxing Part of Yizhuang New Town, Beijing." Sustainability 15, no. 1 (2022): 370. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15010370.

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Equitable distribution of urban park green space benefits public health and improves quality of life. From the perspective of landscape justice, this study establishes a subjective and objective comprehensive fairness evaluation method and analyzes the fairness of the spatial distribution of park green space in the Daxing part of Yizhuang New Town, Beijing and its relationship with the economic level of residents. The results show that: (1) the green space in the Daxing part of Yizhuang New Town is concentrated in the town center and distributed more sparsely in surrounding areas; (2) urban pa

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Cole, Catherine, Larry Dooley, Judy Sandlin, and Elsa Murano. "Women in International Public Leadership: Impacting Foreign Direct Investment by Reducing Corruption and Increasing Healthcare Investment." Advancing Women in Leadership Journal 37 (June 14, 2017): 49–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.21423/awlj-v37.a14.

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A potential solution for an economic challenge — increasing needed foreign direct investment (FDI) — is proposed using a human resource development perspective: equally investing in the development of men and women to serve in public leadership. This cross-sectional, nonexperimental study addressed a void in the literature by examining the impact of women in public leadership on FDI through lowered perceived corruption and increased national investment in healthcare. Structural equation modeling using a simple path model was used to test relationships between observable variables. Results incl

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Ziervogel, Gina, Poshendra Satyal, Ritwika Basu, et al. "Vertical integration for climate change adaptation in the water sector: lessons from decentralisation in Africa and India." Regional Environmental Change 19, no. 8 (2019): 2729–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10113-019-01571-y.

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AbstractVertical integration, which creates strategic linkages between national and sub-national levels, is being promoted as important for climate change adaptation. Decentralisation, which transfers authority and responsibility to lower levels of organisation, serves a similar purpose and has been in place for a number of decades. Based on four case studies in semi-arid regions in Africa and India, this paper argues that vertical integration for climate change adaptation should reflect on lessons from decentralisation related to governing natural resources, particularly in the water sector.

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Bøe, Tormod, Mari Hysing, Kristin G. Askeland, Jens Christoffer Skogen, and Ove Heradstveit. "Do Parental Education-Related Inequality Matter in Child and Adolescent Utilization of Mental Health Services: Results From a Norwegian Register Linkage Study." Health Services Insights 14 (January 2021): 117863292110553. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/11786329211055302.

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Equitable access to health care point to equal access to care for those with equal needs, but pro-rich and pro-educated inequities have been documented in specialized mental health care utilization. This study aimed to investigate equity in Norwegian adolescents’ use of child and adolescent mental health services (CAMHS) with regards to parental education levels, using a survey of 10 257 Norwegian 16- to 19-year-olds subsequently linked to CAMHS data from the Norwegian Patient Registry (n = 970 had been in contact with CAMHS). Analyses using concentration indices ( C) suggested adolescents wit

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Hao, Rui, Jaewoo Shim, and Heechul Lee. "Bilingual Instruction Increases Linguistic Challenges in EMI: Evidence from Chinese Graduate Students in South Korea." International Journal of Learning, Teaching and Educational Research 24, no. 7 (2025): 301–18. https://doi.org/10.26803/ijlter.24.7.15.

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As English-medium instruction (EMI) becomes increasingly prevalent in Korean higher education, a growing number of Chinese students are required to take EMI courses as part of their academic requirements. This study investigated the linguistic challenges faced by these students and examined how English proficiency, degree level, and medium of instruction influence their experiences. As many as 226 Chinese graduate students from various disciplines were recruited through convenience sampling via a structured questionnaire survey. Quantitative data were analyzed using independent samples t-tests

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Gullatte, Mary, Eli Iacob, Gary Donaldson, and Kathi Mooney. "Abstract B105: Evaluating the racial equity of a digital health patient-reported symptom management system in patients receiving chemotherapy." Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention 32, no. 12_Supplement (2023): B105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7755.disp23-b105.

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Abstract INTRODUCTION. The development of behavioral & supportive care interventions to improve quality of life for people receiving chemotherapy treatment for cancer, even with demonstrated overall efficacy, may unintentionally result in unequal benefit including across racial subgroups. The purpose of this study was to determine if Symptom Care at Home (SCH), is efficacious, digital health patient-reported outcome (PROs) symptom managment system, provide equitable benefit across racial subgroups. METHODS. A randomized trial was conducted to determine the active components of SCH. Partici

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Balakumaran, Sinthuja, Aratrika Kar, and Jones Melvyn. "Was access to video consultations with GPs in England equitable during the early COVID-19 lockdown period?" British Journal of General Practice 73, suppl 1 (2023): bjgp23X734229. http://dx.doi.org/10.3399/bjgp23x734229.

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BackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic compelled clinicians to change access to primary health care as face-to-face consultations were a risk to patients and staff. Video consultations (VCs) were frequently substituted as a proxy for a clinical examination.AimWe were interested in finding out whether people from lower socioeconomic backgrounds in England had equitable video access to their GPs during the initial COVID-19 lockdown period.MethodThere are various VC applications available to GPs. We used publicly available data from one supplier in this study. Data were available for the number of VCs t

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Littman, Alyson J., Andrew K. Timmons, Kenneth T. Jones, Suzanne Shirley, Jeffrey Robbins, and Ernest Moy. "Assessing equity in the uptake of remote foot temperature monitoring in a large integrated US healthcare system." PLOS ONE 19, no. 4 (2024): e0301260. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0301260.

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Objective We assessed equity in the uptake of remote foot temperature monitoring (RTM) for amputation prevention throughout a large, integrated US healthcare system between 2019 and 2021, including comparisons across facilities and between patients enrolled and eligible patients not enrolled in RTM focusing on the Reach and Adoption dimensions of the Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, and Maintenance (RE-AIM) framework. Material and methods To assess whether there was equitable use of RTM across facilities, we examined distributions of patient demographic, geographic, and facility

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Philp, Fraser, Alice Faux-Nightingale, James Bateman, et al. "Observational cross-sectional study of the association of poor broadband provision with demographic and health outcomes: the Wolverhampton Digital ENablement (WODEN) programme." BMJ Open 12, no. 11 (2022): e065709. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2022-065709.

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ObjectivesThe association between impaired digital provision, access and health outcomes has not been systematically studied. The Wolverhampton Digital ENablement programme (WODEN) is a multiagency collaborative approach to determine and address digital factors that may impact on health and social care in a single deprived multiethnic health economy. The objective of this study is to determine the association between measurable broadband provision and demographic and health outcomes in a defined population.DesignAn observational cross-sectional whole local population-level study with cohorts d

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Gurney, Jason, James Stanley, Anna Davies, et al. "Improving lung cancer survival outcomes for Māori." New Zealand Medical Journal 138, no. 1618 (2025): 96–103. https://doi.org/10.26635/6965.6947.

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Lung cancer is the most lethal cancer for Māori in Aotearoa New Zealand, with more Māori dying from lung cancer each year than the next five most common causes of cancer death combined. Māori have far poorer lung cancer survival outcomes than our majority European population, and access to timely, best-practice diagnosis and care could be an important driver of these disparities. We recently conducted a nationwide project to augment existing evidence and identify points along the clinical pathway where there are ethnic differences in access to this care. We found some cause for cautious celebr

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Biks, Gashaw Andargie, Fisseha Shiferie, Dawit Abraham Tsegaye, Wondwossen Asefa, Frank DelPizzo, and Samson Gebremedhin. "Understanding Socioeconomic Inequalities in Zero-Dose Children for Vaccination in Underserved Settings of Ethiopia: Decomposition Analysis Approach." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 21, no. 8 (2024): 1086. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph21081086.

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Despite considerable global efforts to enhance vaccine distribution in low-income countries, a significant number of children remain unvaccinated, particularly in Ethiopia. The underlying socioeconomic challenges in these regions are recognized as primary contributors to the low vaccination rates. However, the reasons for this persistent disparity in Ethiopia’s remote and underserved regions need further analysis. The study employed a cross-sectional design and was conducted as part of the Project HOPE Zero-Dose Evaluation from 1 February to 31 July 2022. Concentration indices were utilized to

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Dallimore, Elise J., Julie H. Hertenstein, and Marjorie B. Platt. "Leveling the Playing Field: How Cold-Calling Affects Class Discussion Gender Equity." Journal of Education and Learning 8, no. 2 (2019): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jel.v8n2p14.

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Classroom discussion is widely used and highly valued for actively engaging students in their own learning. A recent study has shown that cold-calling increases the number of students who participate voluntarily in class discussions and does not make them uncomfortable when doing so (Dallimore, Hertenstein, &amp; Platt, 2013). However, there are concerns about whether these findings generally apply to both men and women students since prior research has documented lower participation rates and higher discomfort for women.  This study examines the relationship between cold-calli

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Li, Xueyan, and Henriett Primecz. "qualitative exploration of the socioeconomic status and motivations of Chinese students in Hungary." Intersections 9, no. 1 (2023): 79–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.17356/ieejsp.v9i1.814.

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Surprisingly little research has been conducted on Chinese students in Hungary, despite their growing number. Education has gradually become a crucial element in attaining higher socioeconomic status, so it is vital to understand such students’ socioeconomic backgrounds and motivation for studying in Central Eastern Europe. Applying cultural mobility theory, this article explores students’ family backgrounds and motivations for pursuing tertiary education in Hungary. Twenty-six narrative interviews were conducted and analysed using grounded theory method. The results indicate that three import

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Shakarchi, Zahra, Fatma Shakarchi, Ban Al-Abayachi, Ahmed Shakarchi, and Taha Shakarchi. "A health system’s analysis for Iraq’s health care and a primary healthcare prioritisation proposal." British Journal of General Practice 75, suppl 1 (2025): bjgp25X742197. https://doi.org/10.3399/bjgp25x742197.

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BackgroundIraq’s healthcare system faces significant challenges, especially in rural areas. Access to health care is limited, infrastructure is underdeveloped, and vulnerable populations face significant barriers to accessing essential services. Strengthening primary healthcare (PHC) is vital for achieving universal health coverage (UHC).AimThis paper analyses Iraq’s health system using the World Health Organization’s Health System Building Blocks Framework and proposes prioritising PHC to enable equitable access to care.MethodA situational analysis was conducted using the WHO Health System Bu

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Mell, Ian, and Meredith Whitten. "Access to Nature in a Post Covid-19 World: Opportunities for Green Infrastructure Financing, Distribution and Equitability in Urban Planning." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 4 (2021): 1527. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18041527.

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Covid-19 changed the way many people viewed and interacted with the natural environment. In the UK, a series of national lockdowns limited the number of places that individuals could use to support their mental and physical health. Parks, gardens, canals and other “green infrastructure” (GI) resources remained open and were repositioned as “essential infrastructure” supporting well-being. However, the quality, functionality and location of GI in urban areas illustrated a disparity in distribution that meant that in many cases communities with higher ethnic diversity, lower income and greater h

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Patterson, Leonard. "Youth Enfranchisement: A Case For A More Democratic Canada." Political Science Undergraduate Review 5, no. 1 (2020): 34–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.29173/psur136.

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Despite granting its citizens universal suffrage, Canada continues to experience declining numbers in voter turnout (Achen, 2019). As fewer Canadians choose to participate in the electoral process, the very foundations of liberal democracy come into question as the legitimacy of a government elected by a dwindling number of supporters becomes increasingly unclear. While the topic of electoral reform is dominated by the debate over proportional representation versus the first-past-the-post system, this paper instead focuses on the legal voting age. I contend that lowering the voting age from 18

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Weichert, Dieter. "Seismic acceleration zones in the Vancouver area." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 21, no. 2 (1994): 351–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l94-035.

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Since 1990, an increased number of locations for the Lower Mainland of British Columbia has been listed in the Table of Climatic Data in the Supplements to the National Building Code of Canada. While for most of the new locations the seismic acceleration and velocity zones are shown as Za = Zv = 4, Ladner is listed with Za = 5, leading to significant cost increase in the construction of certain types of buildings. Although the zonal value is formally correct, it is suggested that such discrimination is not justified by the current precision of seismic hazard estimation.The Canadian National Co

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Pinki, Chahal, Kapoor Sehraj, Bhalla Sanya, and Kumarasamy Durairaj. "Role of Technology in Widening Income Gaps in India." Empirical Economics Letters 24, May Special Issue 1 (2025): 15–26. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15548071.

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<strong>Abstract: </strong>Technology, mainly digital infrastructure, automation, and artificial intelligence, have greatly enhanced the quality of life and economic prosperity. Additionally, it adds to the wealth divide as highly skilled workers take advantage of technological advances. In contrast, those with lower skills lose their employment opportunities and have their incomes stagnant. By 2030, millions of individuals may have to shift jobs due to automation. The digital gap, defined as uneven access to technology that restricts opportunities to disadvantaged populations, further exacerb

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Swanton, Charles, Richard D. Neal, Peter W. M. Johnson, et al. "NHS-Galleri Trial Design: Equitable study recruitment tactics for targeted population-level screening with a multi-cancer early detection (MCED) test." Journal of Clinical Oncology 40, no. 16_suppl (2022): TPS6606. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2022.40.16_suppl.tps6606.

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TPS6606 Background: Cancer is a leading cause of premature death globally. Early detection can reduce cancer mortality by reducing the number of cancers diagnosed at a late stage. A blood-based MCED test (Galleri) was developed that can detect cancer signals and predict cancer origin with a single blood draw. The NHS-Galleri trial is a randomized controlled trial (RCT) assessing the clinical utility of this MCED test in a targeted screening population alongside current screening programs. Screening adherence is lower among certain individuals (eg, those with lower socioeconomic status), despit

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Swanton, Charles, Richard D. Neal, Peter W. M. Johnson, et al. "NHS-Galleri Trial Design: Equitable study recruitment tactics for targeted population-level screening with a multi-cancer early detection (MCED) test." Journal of Clinical Oncology 40, no. 16_suppl (2022): TPS6606. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2022.40.16_suppl.tps6606.

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TPS6606 Background: Cancer is a leading cause of premature death globally. Early detection can reduce cancer mortality by reducing the number of cancers diagnosed at a late stage. A blood-based MCED test (Galleri) was developed that can detect cancer signals and predict cancer origin with a single blood draw. The NHS-Galleri trial is a randomized controlled trial (RCT) assessing the clinical utility of this MCED test in a targeted screening population alongside current screening programs. Screening adherence is lower among certain individuals (eg, those with lower socioeconomic status), despit

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Boaler, JO, and Megan Staples. "Creating Mathematical Futures through an Equitable Teaching Approach: The Case of Railside School." Teachers College Record: The Voice of Scholarship in Education 110, no. 3 (2008): 608–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016146810811000302.

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Background/Context School tracking practices have been documented repeatedly as having negative effects on students’ identity development and attainment, particularly for those students placed in lower tracks. Despite this documentation, tracking persists as a normative practice in American high schools, perhaps in part because we have few models of how departments and teachers can successfully organize instruction in heterogeneous, high school mathematics classes. This paper offers one such model through a qualitative and quantitative analysis. Focus of Study In an effort to better the field'

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Mihaljević, Helena, and Lucía Santamaría. "Authorship in top-ranked mathematical and physical journals: Role of gender on self-perceptions and bibliographic evidence." Quantitative Science Studies 1, no. 4 (2020): 1468–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/qss_a_00090.

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Despite increasing rates of women researching in math-intensive fields, publications by female authors remain underrepresented. By analyzing millions of records from the dedicated bibliographic databases zbMATH, arXiv, and ADS, we unveil the chronological evolution of authorships by women in mathematics, physics, and astronomy. We observe a pronounced shortage of female authors in top-ranked journals, with quasistagnant figures in various distinguished periodicals in the first two disciplines and a significantly more equitable situation in the latter. Additionally, we provide an interactive op

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Hannah, Eilish, Rachel Etter-Phoya, Marisol Lopez, Stephen Hall, and Bernadette O’Hare. "Impact of higher-income countries on child health in lower-income countries from a climate change perspective. A case study of the UK and Malawi." PLOS Global Public Health 4, no. 1 (2024): e0002721. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0002721.

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Climate change is the number one threat to child health according to the World Health Organisation. It increases existing inequalities, and lower-income countries are disproportionately affected. This is unjust. Higher-income countries have contributed and continue to contribute more to climate change than lower-income countries. This has been recognised by the United Nations Committee on the Rights of the Child, which has ruled that states can be held responsible if their carbon emissions harm child rights both within and outside their jurisdiction. Nevertheless, there are few analyses of the

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Asim, Muhammad, Waqas Hameed, Malik Muhammad Sohail, Sarah Saleem, Mark Hayward, and Janet M. Turan. "Barriers and facilitators to perinatal care of women with disabilities in lower- and middle-income countries: a study protocol for scoping review of qualitative studies." BMJ Open 14, no. 6 (2024): e079605. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2023-079605.

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BackgroundThe Sustainable Development Goals have put emphasis on equitable healthcare access for marginalised groups and communities. The number of women with disabilities (WWD) to marry and have children is rapidly increasing in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). However, these women experience multifaceted challenges to seeking perinatal care in LMICs. The objective of this scoping review is to document key facilitators and barriers to seeking perinatal care by WWD. We also will propose strategies for inclusive perinatal healthcare services for women with disabilities in LMICs.Methods

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Savinkina, Alexandra, Alyssa Bilinski, Meagan Fitzpatrick, et al. "Estimating deaths averted and cost per life saved by scaling up mRNA COVID-19 vaccination in low-income and lower-middle-income countries in the COVID-19 Omicron variant era: a modelling study." BMJ Open 12, no. 9 (2022): e061752. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2022-061752.

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ObjectivesWhile almost 60% of the world has received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine, the global distribution of vaccination has not been equitable. Only 4% of the population of low-income countries (LICs) has received a full primary vaccine series, compared with over 70% of the population of high-income nations.DesignWe used economic and epidemiological models, parameterised with public data on global vaccination and COVID-19 deaths, to estimate the potential benefits of scaling up vaccination programmes in LICs and lower-middle-income countries (LMICs) in 2022 in the context of global

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Sunyigono, Andrie Kisroh, Isdiana Suprapti, and Nurul Arifiyanti. "Inter-market Variability of Smallholder Beef Cattle Farming in East Java Indonesia." AGRARIS: Journal of Agribusiness and Rural Development Research 7, no. 2 (2021): 176–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.18196/agraris.v7i2.7621.

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Indonesia has failed to achieve meat self-sufficiency; meanwhile, East Java is among the centers of beef cattle with a relatively high contribution in terms of GDP and employment. Therefore, this study aims to identify and analyze the market structure of the beef cattle commodity chain by considering the concentration ratio, Gini Index, as well as barriers to exit and entry. The study was conducted in Malang Regency and Sapudi Island, with 164 respondents, which consisted of calf suppliers, farmers, traders, and slaughterhouses. Furthermore, the analytical tools used include descriptive, conce

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Boland, Mary Regina, Elizabeth Tubridy, Sebastian Spataro Solorzano, Fiona Simpkins, Anna Jo Bodurtha Smith, and Emily M. Ko. "Geographic Disparities in Gynecologic Oncology Clinical Trial Availability in the US." JAMA Network Open 7, no. 11 (2024): e2447635. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.47635.

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ImportanceDisparities in minoritized racial and ethnic populations’ participation in gynecologic cancer clinical trials are well documented despite the high rates of endometrial cancer in these populations. Geographic proximity to trials is a critical component to ensure equitable trial access.ObjectiveTo characterize the geographic distribution of gynecological cancer trials across the US and identify disparities.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis study is a cross-sectional analysis of trials first posted on ClinicalTrials.gov from January 1, 2013, through January 10, 2024. This study invo

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Chauvin, Sarah, Benoit H. Mulsant, Sanjeev Sockalingam, Vicky Stergiopoulos, Valerie H. Taylor, and Simone N. Vigod. "Gender Differences in Research Productivity among Academic Psychiatrists in Canada." Canadian Journal of Psychiatry 64, no. 6 (2019): 415–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0706743718802798.

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Objectives: Gender inequity in academic medicine persists despite increases in the number of women physicians. We sought to explore gender differences in research productivity for academic psychiatrists in Canada. Methods: In a cross-sectional study of the 3379 psychiatrists in all 17 university departments of psychiatry in Canada, research productivity, as measured by the h-index and number of publications, was compared between women and men using a negative log binomial regression model to generate relative rates (RRs), adjusted for career duration (aRR). Findings were stratified by academic

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Oliveira, Elaine Cristina Tôrres, Marília Cristina Prado Louvison, Yeda Aparecida de Oliveira Duarte, and Fabíola Bof de Andrade. "Socioeconomic inequalities related to perceived difficulty in accessing health services among older adults: A cross-sectional analysis of SABE Study Data." PLOS One 20, no. 5 (2025): e0322333. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0322333.

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Analysis of trends and the magnitude of inequalities in access to health services contributes to identifying privileged groups and facilitates discussions on equity policies. Brazil has an important context for studying healthcare access inequalities due to its rapid population aging and the existence of a universal healthcare system guided by equity principles. Therefore, this study aimed to assess socioeconomic inequalities in the prevalence of difficulties accessing healthcare services among older adults living in the city of São Paulo, Brazil. This cross-sectional study used data from the

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Martin, Krystle, Alifa Siddiqui, Rosemary Ricciardelli, Liana Lentz, and R. Nicholas Carleton. "Differences in Mental Health, Help-Seeking and Barriers to Care Between Civilians and Sworn Members Working in Law Enforcement: A Research Note." Journal of Police and Criminal Psychology 36, no. 3 (2021): 627–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11896-021-09437-y.

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Abstract Recent Canadian research indicates 44.5% of public safety personnel (PSP) self-report symptoms consistent with at least one type of mental disorder; however, researchers have typically not focused on the mental wellness of civilians working within PSP sectors. Given that the number of civilians working in Canadian law enforcement organizations has doubled since 2003, with more than 30% of all police personnel in Canada being civilians, more research is needed to support this understudied sub-population within law enforcement. The current study used a survey to compare civilian members

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Vallée, Luc, and Stéphane Dupuis. "Étude de certains déterminants des incendies volontaires à Montréal." Criminologie 30, no. 1 (2005): 73–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/017398ar.

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Research into the determining factors in arson cases has traditionally focused on factors linked to the characteristics of the burned building. One of our basic hypotheses is that deliberately set fires also have an underlying economic motivation. In this case, the present study confirms the hypothesis that there appears to be an indisputable link between the unemployment rate and mortgage burdens and arson rates, regardless of the phase of the economic cycle in which the arson occurs. Moreover, the study corroborates the idea that increased surveillance is necessary in areas presenting a high

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Artnak, Kathryn E., Richard M. McGraw, and Vayden F. Stanley. "Health Care Accessibility for Chronic Illness Management and End-of-Life Care: A View from Rural America." Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics 39, no. 2 (2011): 140–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-720x.2011.00584.x.

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The Institute of Medicine (IOM) reporting on the quality of health care in America recommends six aims for achieving the health care system we could have. Together with the Institute for Healthcare Improvement (IHI) Triple Aim initiative, a framework has emerged to challenge providers, educators, and policymakers to remake the health care system according to specific objectives: to provide care that is safe, effective, patient-centered, timely, efficient, and equitable to more people at a price we can afford. Complicating this mission of better prevention and better care at a lower cost is a d

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Cho, Hsiao-Yun, Chia-Hung Hung, Yi-Wei Kao, Ben-Chang Shia, and Mingchih Chen. "Impact of COVID-19 Preventative Measures on Otolaryngology in Taiwan: A Nationwide Study." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 20, no. 4 (2023): 3371. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20043371.

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Background: Taiwan always had low case rates of COVID-19 compared with other countries due to its immediate control and preventive measures. However, the effects of its policies that started on 2020 for otolaryngology patients were unknown; therefore, the aim of this study was to analyze the nationwide database to know the impact of COVID-19 preventative measures on the diseases and cases of otolaryngology in 2020. Method: A case-compared, retrospective, cohort database study using the nationwide database was collected from 2018 to 2020. All of the information from outpatients and unexpected i

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Younes, Khaled, Yahya Kharboutly, Mayssara Antar, et al. "Application of Unsupervised Learning for the Evaluation of Aerogels’ Efficiency towards Dye Removal—A Principal Component Analysis (PCA) Approach." Gels 9, no. 4 (2023): 327. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/gels9040327.

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Water scarcity is a growing global issue, particularly in areas with limited freshwater sources, urging for sustainable water management practices to insure equitable access for all people. One way to address this problem is to implement advanced methods for treating existing contaminated water to offer more clean water. Adsorption through membranes technology is an important water treatment technique, and nanocellulose (NC)-, chitosan (CS)-, and graphene (G)- based aerogels are considered good adsorbents. To estimate the efficiency of dye removal for the mentioned aerogels, we intend to use a

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Vijay, Kumar Garudik, and Prabhakar Pandey Dr. "Growth and Prospect Of MSMEs In Bilaspur- Chhattisgarh: An Analytical Approach." RESEARCH REVIEW International Journal of Multidisciplinary 03, no. 09 (2018): 113–16. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1410491.

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Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSME) sector has emerged as a highly vibrant and dynamic sector of the Indian economy over the last five decades. MSMEs not only play crucial role in providing large opportunities at comparatively lower capital cost than large industries but also help in industrialization of rural & backward areas, thereby, reducing regional imbalances, assuring more equitable distribution of national income and wealth. The present study revealed that there is a continuous growth of number of MSME units. The growth story of these sectors enhances production, employment

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Rahima, M. Kenan, Mhd Kutaiba Albuni, Fernando Mateo, Bassel Bitar, and Mohamad Hijazi. "RACIAL DISPARITIES IN CLINICAL OUTCOMES OF PATIENTS HOSPITALIZED WITH ULCERATIVE COLITIS: INSIGHTS FROM A LARGE NATIONAL DATASET." Inflammatory Bowel Diseases 31, Supplement_1 (2025): S31. https://doi.org/10.1093/ibd/izae282.070.

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Abstract BACKGROUND Healthcare disparities based on race and ethnicity remain a significant challenge, often leading to unequal treatment outcomes for chronic diseases like ulcerative colitis (UC). These disparities may affect access to care, disease management, and overall prognosis. Identifying and addressing such inequities is crucial for improving patient care and achieving equitable health outcomes. This study seeks to evaluate the impact of racial disparities on the clinical outcomes of patients hospitalized with UC, utilizing a large national dataset to inform future strategies for redu

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Rój, Justyna, and Maciej Jankowiak. "Assessment of Equity in Access to Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI) Centres in Poland." Healthcare 8, no. 2 (2020): 71. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare8020071.

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The purpose of this study is to analyse the disparities in the distribution of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) centres in Poland and the impact of eventual inequities on access to the invasive treatment of acute myocardial infarctions (AMI). To examine the distribution of PCI centres against population size and geographic size in Poland, the Gini coefficient calculated based on the Lorenz Curve was engaged. In addition, the regression function was employed to estimate the impact of distribution of PCI centres on access to invasive procedures (coronarographies and primary percutaneous

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Prihozhy, A. A. "Optimization of data allocation in hierarchical memory for blocked shortest paths algorithms." «System analysis and applied information science», no. 3 (October 4, 2021): 40–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.21122/2309-4923-2021-3-40-50.

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This paper is devoted to the reduction of data transfer between the main memory and direct mapped cache for blocked shortest paths algorithms (BSPA), which represent data by a D[M×M] matrix of blocks. For large graphs, the cache size S = δ×M2, δ < 1 is smaller than the matrix size. The cache assigns a group of main memory blocks to a single cache block. BSPA performs multiple recalculations of a block over one or two other blocks and may access up to three blocks simultaneously. If the blocks are assigned to the same cache block, conflicts occur among the blocks, which imply active transfer

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Hunter, Mary, Devin Gaskins, Michelle Hubbard, et al. "731 Evaluation of PROMIS-10 Global Health Survey Implementation at a Regional Burn Center Clinic." Journal of Burn Care & Research 44, Supplement_2 (2023): S144—S145. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jbcr/irad045.205.

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Abstract Introduction Patient-Reported Outcomes Measure System-10 (PROMIS-10) is a brief survey consisting of 10 items that evaluates patients’ global physical and mental health. PROMIS-10 was introduced into our burn clinic as a screening tool and serial measure of recovery. We aimed to assess the implementation of PROMIS-10 to improve its equitable use in outpatient clinics. Methods The PROMIS-10 was implemented in 2014 as part of a packet of other screening tools. The staff were trained in its use. Patients completed English-language surveys via paper/pen upon arrival at each of their burn

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Raw, Zoe, Joseph A. Collins, and Faith A. Burden. "What Is a Working Equid? Analysis of Current Terminology and a Suggested Definition." Animals 14, no. 14 (2024): 2026. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani14142026.

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Equids are engaged in myriad types of work across the world, with contexts and industries varying widely between high-, middle- and low-income countries as classified by the World Bank. Through a comprehensive abstract search and literature review, we examined the usage and context of terms associated with working equids in high-income countries (HICs), upper-middle-income countries (UMICs), lower-middle-income countries (LMICs), and low-income countries (LICs). Analysis showed that the search term used was significantly associated with World Bank country income classification. All search term

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Martinsen, Lene, Trygve Ottersen, Joseph L. Dieleman, Philipp Hessel, Jonas Minet Kinge, and Vegard Skirbekk. "Do less populous countries receive more development assistance for health per capita? Longitudinal evidence for 143 countries, 1990–2014." BMJ Global Health 3, no. 1 (2018): e000528. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2017-000528.

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BackgroundPer capita allocation of overall development assistance has been shown to be biased towards countries with lower population size, meaning funders tend to provide proportionally less development assistance to countries with large populations. Individuals that happen to be part of large populations therefore tend to receive less assistance. However, no study has investigated whether this is also true regarding development assistance for health. We examined whether this so-called ‘small-country bias’ exists in the health aid sector.MethodsWe analysed the effect of a country’s population

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