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Journal articles on the topic 'Lower Extremity Deformities'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

van Bosse, Harold J. P., Eva Pontén, Akifusa Wada, et al. "Treatment of the Lower Extremity Contracture/Deformities." Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics 37 (2017): S16—S23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/bpo.0000000000001005.

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2

Baptista-Maresh, Suzanne H. "Progressive Casting and Splinting for Lower Extremity Deformities." Pediatric Physical Therapy 2, no. 2 (1990): 117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00001577-199002020-00016.

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3

Kenis, V. M., I. Yu Klychkova, E. V. Mel’nichenko, S. V. Ivanov, and A. V. Sapogovskiy. "Guided Growth Technique for Correction of Lower Extremity Deformities in Children." N.N. Priorov Journal of Traumatology and Orthopedics 20, no. 4 (2013): 50–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/vto20130450-55.

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Guided growth technique with temporary epiphysiodesis is used for the correction of lower extremities axial deformities in children before skeletal maturity. From 2009 to 2013 one hundred fifty epiphysiodesis procedures were performed in 93 children aged 3–15 years. Technique was performed both in patients with idiopathic deformities and in patients with severe systemic pathology (skeletal dysplasias, neuromuscular disorders, metabolic nephropathies). Treatment results were assessed at terms from 12 to 48 months after surgical intervention. Good results were achieved in 67 (72%), satisfactory — in 18 (19.3) and poor — in 8 (8.6%) patients. Mean rate of correction made up 0.81±0.17° per 1 month of epiphyseodesis with its maximum in valgus knee and ankle deformities. Advantages of the procedure included low invasiveness and simplicity of performance, low complication rate, possibility of simultaneous intervention on several levels as well as combination with other interventions. Thorough selection of patients, proper intervention technique and regular postoperative followup enable to avoid complications and unsatisfactory results.

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4

Sayli, Ugur, and Sinan Avci. "MULTIPLE SIMULTANEOUS APPROACH IN LOWER EXTREMITY SPASTICITY SURGERY." Journal of Musculoskeletal Research 04, no. 03 (2000): 221–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218957700000240.

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Lower extremity spasticity in CP interferes with daily living activities, such as ambulation and sitting as well as hygiene. Orthopedic surgery may be needed in the prevention and correction of the deformities and malalignments. Seven girls and nine boys with ages ranging from 7 to 17 years who had at least four surgeries at different levels of their lower extremities in a single stage were presented. Minimum follow-up was two years. The mean number of surgeries performed simultaneously was 6 (4 to 11). The mean operation time was 115 minutes (35 to 225 minutes) and the mean blood loss was 200 ml (100 to 600 ml) during surgery. The hospital stay ranged from two to six days. No complication which may be related to multiple simultaneous surgery was observed. Rehabilitation was begun as soon as the pain permitted. In the postoperative period, the diplegics attended sessions of hippotherapy — therapy by horse riding — in addition to formal therapy modalities. At the latest follow-up postoperatively, all the patients had increase in their level of activities. As a conclusion, whenever needed, simultaneous correction of the lower extremity deformities in spastic CP patients decreases costs and simplifies postoperative rehabilitation without increasing surgical risk for the patients.

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5

Christensen, Christian P., and Ronney L. Ferguson. "Lower Extremity Deformities Associated With Thrombocytopenia and Absent Radius Syndrome." Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research 375 (June 2000): 202–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00003086-200006000-00024.

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6

Frykberg, RG. "Team approach toward lower extremity amputation prevention in diabetes." Journal of the American Podiatric Medical Association 87, no. 7 (1997): 305–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.7547/87507315-87-7-305.

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Through a discussion of the etiology and pathology of diabetic foot lesions with particular emphasis on ulceration and osteoarthropathy, the author will develop a plan for treatment and prevention using a multidisciplinary approach to such problems. Underlying risk factors including neuropathy, ischemia, infection, and, especially high pressures must be evaluated and appropriately ameliorated in order to promote resolution and avoidance of recidivism. Accordingly, conservative management with pressure-relieving devices, topical therapies, and prophylactic surgery on structural deformities plays an integral part in the overall podiatric management of the high-risk foot in diabetes mellitus.

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7

Cha, Soo-Min, Hyun-Dae Shin, and Kyung-Cheon Kim. "Four Cases of Vitamin D Deficiency Rickets with Lower Extremity Deformities." Journal of the Korean Orthopaedic Association 46, no. 5 (2011): 431. http://dx.doi.org/10.4055/jkoa.2011.46.5.431.

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8

Smith, Carl W. "Surgical treatment of lower extremity deformities in adult head-injured patients." Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation 2, no. 2 (1987): 53–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00001199-198706000-00008.

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9

Yilmaz, Guney, Murat Oto, Ahmed M. Thabet, et al. "Correction of Lower Extremity Angular Deformities in Skeletal Dysplasia With Hemiepiphysiodesis." Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics 34, no. 3 (2014): 336–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/bpo.0000000000000089.

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10

Unal, Meric, Sabriye Ercan, Aydin Budeyri, Uğur Toprak, and Abdülkerim Şalkaci. "Anatomical axis validation of lower extremity for different deformities: A radiological study." SAGE Open Medicine 8 (January 2020): 205031212092382. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2050312120923822.

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Aim: The aim of this study was to derive a pure, unbiased, reliable and accurate objective relationship between the local knee axis measurements through a short knee anteroposterior roentgenogram and the lower limb axis measurement through an orthoroentgenogram. Patients and Methods: Radiographs of 114 patients (114 knees) were evaluated by two independent raters for measurement of lower limb axis on an orthoroentgenogram and the local knee axis on short knee anteroposterior X-ray, which was derived by cropping the orthoroentgenogram by a blinded radiology assistant. The raters measured at two different time-points separated by an interval of 30-day period. Intra-rater and inter-rater reliabilities were calculated by intra-class correlation coefficients and three models were built to establish the relationships of X-ray anatomical axis with orthoroentgenogram anatomical axis, orthoroentgenogram anatomical axis with orthoroentgenogram mechanical axis and X-ray anatomical axis with orthoroentgenogram mechanical axis. Results: For three different measurements, intra-class correlation coefficients of Rater 2 were higher than 0.90 which shows perfect reliability, while that for Rater 1 was low. Furthermore, first measurements were more consistent than the second measurement. There was a strong positive correlation in all the three models except for varus cases in the last. Conclusion: The standardized correlation derived between the two different techniques for measuring knee alignment is fairly comparable with the studies in the past and would serve as a reliable template for future studies concerning relationships between the two, in addition to helping knee surgeons make more reliable and accurate interpretations through local knee axis measurements.

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11

Lammens, J. "Leg Lengthening and Correction of Lower Extremity Deformities by the Ilizarov Method." Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics B 1, no. 2 (1992): 171. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01202412-199201020-00034.

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12

TETSWORTH, KEVIN D., and DROR PALEY. "Accuracy of Correction of Complex Lower-Extremity Deformities by the Ilizarov Method." Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research &NA;, no. 301 (1994): 102???110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00003086-199404000-00017.

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13

Vilensky, Viktor A., Andrey A. Pozdeev, Timur F. Zubairov, Ekaterina A. Zakharyan, and Aleksander P. Pozdeev. "Treatment of pediatric patients with lower extremity deformities using software-assisted Ortho-SUV Frame: analysis of 213 cases." Pediatric Traumatology, Orthopaedics and Reconstructive Surgery 4, no. 4 (2016): 21–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/ptors4421-32.

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Aim. To retrospectively assess treatment outcomes of long bone deformities of the lower extremities accompanied by shortening in pediatric patients using a software-assisted Ortho-SUV Frame.Materials and methods. The accuracy of deformity correction (AC), period of deformity correction (PDC), external fixation index (EFI), and number of complications in 213 patients were retrospectively analyzed.Results. According to different parameters, AC of femur deformity correction (group 1) varied from 90% to 96%. The average length increase was 47 ± 12 mm. The average distraction duration was 38 ± 14 days. The average PDC was 8 ± 6 days for simple deformities (SDs), 14 ± 7 days for moderate deformities (MDs), and 23 ± 12 days for complex deformities (CDs). EFI was 26 ± 8 days/cm for SDs, 31 ± 6 days/cm for MDs, and 35 ± 12 days/cm for CDs. According to different parameters, AC of the lower leg deformity correction (group 2) varied from 89% to 95%. The average length increase was 52 ± 20 mm. The average distraction duration was 45 ± 18 days. PDC was 11 ± 5 days for SDs, 16 ± 9 days for MDs, and 27 ± 16 days for CDs. EFI was 32 ± 14 days/cm for SDs, 42 ± 12 days/cm for MDs, and 49 ± 8 days/cm for CDs. There were 48 (50.5%) complications in group I with the majority (71%) classified as Caton grade I and 29% as grade II. There were 62 (45%) complications in group 2, where 50% were Caton grade I and 50% were Caton grade II. There were no serious complications (Caton grade III) in either group that influenced the final functional results.Conclusion: Use of a software-assisted Ortho-SUV Frame increased the efficiency of treatment of pediatric patients with long bone deformities because of the great accuracy of deformity correction.

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14

LaBianco, GJ, GR Vito, and SR Kalish. "Use of the Ilizarov external fixator in the treatment of lower extremity deformities." Journal of the American Podiatric Medical Association 86, no. 11 (1996): 523–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.7547/87507315-86-11-523.

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The authors present a brief history of the development of the Ilizarov external fixator, and the classic uses associated with it. A preliminary study of 3 patients using 56 frames is presented. The Ilizarov external fixator is successfully used in these cases in place of traditional fixation.

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15

Azuma, Chinatsu, Ichiro Owan, Takashi Furugen, Tadashi Yoza, Takashi Urasaki, and Fuminori Kanaya. "Two Cases of One-Stage Correction of Rotational Deformities of the Lower Extremity." Orthopedics & Traumatology 51, no. 4 (2002): 855–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.5035/nishiseisai.51.855.

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16

Pritham, Charles H. "Progressive Casting and Splinting for Lower Extremity Deformities in Children with Neuromotor Dysfunction." JPO Journal of Prosthetics and Orthotics 3, no. 1 (1990): xix. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00008526-199000310-00015.

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17

Parkin, J. D., J. E. Herzenberg, and J. A. Goulet. "Treatment of Lower Extremity Malunions and Posttraumatic Physeal Arrest Deformities Using Distraction Histiogenesis." Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma 6, no. 4 (1992): 513. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005131-199212000-00097.

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18

Heinrich, Stephen D., and Chester H. Sharps. "LOWER EXTREMITY TORSIONAL DEFORMITIES IN CHILDREN: A PROSPECTIVE COMPARISON OF TWO TREATMENT MODALITIES." Orthopedics 14, no. 6 (1991): 655–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.3928/0147-7447-19910601-05.

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19

Drury, Benjamin T., and Ghazi M. Rayan. "Amniotic Constriction Bands: Secondary Deformities and Their Treatments." HAND 14, no. 3 (2018): 346–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1558944717750917.

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Background: The purpose of this study was to report the surgical treatment experience of patients with amniotic constriction bands (ACB) over a 35-year interval and detail consequential limb deformities with emphasis on hands and upper extremities, along with the nature and frequency of their surgical treatment methods. Methods: Fifty-one patients were identified; 26 were males and 25 females. The total number of deformities was listed. The total number of operations, individual procedures, and operations plus procedures that were done for each patient and their frequency were recorded. Results: The total number of operations was 117, and total number of procedures was 341. More procedures were performed on the upper extremity (85%) than the lower extremity (15%). Including the primary deformity ACB, 16 different hand deformities secondary to ACB were encountered. Sixteen different surgical methods for the upper extremity were utilized; a primary procedure for ACB and secondary reconstructions for all secondary deformities. Average age at the time of the first procedure was 9.3 months. The most common procedures performed, in order of frequency, were excision of ACB plus Z-plasty, release of partial syndactyly, release of fenestrated syndactyly, full-thickness skin grafts, resection of digital bony overgrowth from amputation stumps, and deepening of first and other digital web spaces. Conclusions: Many hand and upper extremity deformities secondary to ACB are encountered. Children with ACB may require more than one operation including multiple procedures. Numerous surgical methods of reconstruction for these children’s secondary deformities are necessary in addition to the customary primary procedure of excision of ACB and Z-plasty.

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20

Atosona, Ambrose, and Christopher Larbie. "Prevalence and Determinants of Diabetic Foot Ulcers and Lower Extremity Amputations in Three Selected Tertiary Hospitals in Ghana." Journal of Diabetes Research 2019 (February 11, 2019): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/7132861.

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Background. The occurrence and complications of diabetes are increasing worldwide. This study examined the prevalence and determinants of diabetic foot ulcers and lower extremity amputations in three selected tertiary hospitals in Ghana. Methods. A cross-sectional multicenter study involving 100 subjects was carried out. Subjects were selected through simple random sampling from three selected tertiary hospitals in Ghana. A structured questionnaire was used to document information on sociodemographic, medical history, lifestyle, and physical characteristics of subjects. Foot ulcers and lower extremity amputations were also investigated. Total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoproteins, high-density lipoproteins, serum urea, serum creatinine, and estimated glomerular filtration rate of subjects were assessed. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 22. Results. The study revealed that 31% and 69% were males and females, respectively, with a mean age of 53.8±13.8 years. Among the patients, 11% had diabetic foot ulcers whilst 3% had lower extremity amputations. In the multivariate binary logistic regression analysis, previous history of foot ulcers (OR=40.4, 95% CI=5.5-299.9) and foot deformities (OR=14.4, 95% CI=1.3-161.2) were identified as independent predictors of diabetic foot ulcers. Foot deformity (p=0.043) and serum urea (p=0.002) were associated with diabetic lower extremity amputations in the univariate analysis. Conclusion. This study showed that the prevalences of diabetic foot ulcers and lower extremity amputations are high among diabetes patients. Foot deformities and previous history of foot ulcers are determinants of diabetic foot ulcers. Foot deformity and serum urea are associated with diabetic lower extremity amputations.

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21

Norlin, Rolf, and Henryk Tkaczuk. "One-Session Surgery for Correction of Lower Extremity Deformities in Children with Cerebral Palsy." Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics 5, no. 2 (1985): 208–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01241398-198503000-00016.

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22

Norlin, Rolf, and Henryk Tkaczuk. "One-Session Surgery for Correction of Lower Extremity Deformities in Children with Cerebral Palsy." Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics 5, no. 2 (1985): 208–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01241398-198505020-00016.

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23

&NA;. "Progressive Casting and Splinting for Lower Extremity Deformities in Children with Neuro-motor Dysfunction." JPO Journal of Prosthetics and Orthotics 3, no. 1 (1990): xix. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00008526-199010000-00016.

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24

Tsukamoto, Hiroaki, Hidetomo Saito, Kimio Saito, et al. "Radiographic deformities of the lower extremity in patients with spontaneous osteonecrosis of the knee." Knee 27, no. 3 (2020): 838–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.knee.2020.04.007.

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25

Erkocak, Omer Faruk, Egemen Altan, Murat Altintas, Faik Turkmen, Bahattin Kerem Aydin, and Ahmet Bayar. "Lower extremity rotational deformities and patellofemoral alignment parameters in patients with anterior knee pain." Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy 24, no. 9 (2015): 3011–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00167-015-3611-y.

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26

Vilensky, Viktor A., Edgar V. Bukharev, Timur F. Zubairov, Andrey A. Pozdeev, Aleksander P. Pozdeev, and Olga N. Sosnenko. "Analysis of long-bone deformity correction in adolescents using osteosynthesis by intramedullary interlocking nails: a preliminary report." Pediatric Traumatology, Orthopaedics and Reconstructive Surgery 4, no. 3 (2016): 5–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/ptors435-15.

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Aims. The purpose of this study was to analyze the initial experience with adolescents treated for long-bone deformities of the lower extremities of different etiologies using osteotomies and fixation by interlocking nails.Materials and methods. We analyzed the accuracy of long-bone deformity correction using referent lines and angles, the time of consolidation, number of complications, and functional result.Results. We found that the accuracy of femur deformity correction (dependent on the complicity of the deformity), as estimated by different parameters, varied from 77.8% to 91.7%. Simple deformities and deformities of moderate complicity had the most accurate correction; the group of complex multiplanar deformities of the femur had the least accurate correction. This group included five cases of residual deformity, in which three of these had an angle of residual deformity <10°. The accuracy of leg deformity correction was 90%. Evaluation of the functional results using the Lower Extremity Functional Scale indicated the high functionality of the method used.Conclusions. Correction of long-bone deformities using intramedullary osteosynthesis by interlocking nails is an effective treatment of all types of femur and lower leg deformities. When treating complex deformities of the femur, the path to operative treatment should be complex and in most cases the nailing should be accompanied by intraoperative external fixation frame assistance.

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27

Goodman, Stuart B. "TOTAL JOINT REPLACEMENT OF THE LOWER EXTREMITY IN PATIENTS WITH JUVENILE IDIOPATHIC ARTHRITIS." Pediatric Traumatology, Orthopaedics and Reconstructive Surgery 2, no. 1 (2014): 3–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/ptors213-12.

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Joint replacement of the lower extremity in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA) is becoming more commonly performed worldwide. These young adults experience severe pain and disability from end-stage arthritis, and require joint replacement of the hip or knee to alleviate pain, and restore ambulation and function. These procedures are very challenging from the anesthesia and surgical point of view, due to small overall proportions, numerous bony and other deformities and soft tissue contractures. Joint replacement operations for JIA are best performed by experienced teams, where pre-operative and peri-operative care, and post-operative rehabilitation can be optimized in a collaborative, patient-centered environment.

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Mendicino, Robert W., Alan R. Catanzariti, Christopher L. Reeves, and Glenda L. King. "A Systematic Approach to Evaluation of the Rearfoot, Ankle, and Leg in Reconstructive Surgery." Journal of the American Podiatric Medical Association 95, no. 1 (2005): 2–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.7547/0950002.

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The current literature shows that proper alignment of the lower extremity allows for greater function throughout the gait cycle. Therefore, realignment should be one of the primary goals in the surgical management of lower-extremity deformities and pathology. Multiplanar radiographic angular relationships should be critically evaluated to appropriately identify the level and extent of the deformity before performing realignment procedures. This article describes a systematic approach to deformity evaluation through a comprehensive radiographic assessment of the rearfoot, ankle, and lower leg. (J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 95(1): 2–12, 2005)

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29

Kucukkaya, Metin. "Correction of complex lower extremity deformities with the use of the Ilizarov -Taylor spatial frame." Acta Orthopaedica et Traumatologica Turcica 43, no. 1 (2009): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.3944/aott.2009.001.

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30

Xu, Jie, Yingbin Zhang, Deng Li, Yulin Huang, Zhiqing Cai, and Ruofan Ma. "Different osteotomy solutions influence future total knee arthroplasty in patients with multiapical lower extremity deformities." Annals of Joint 3 (April 2018): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.21037/aoj.2018.03.12.

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31

Peersman, Geert, Kim Taeymans, Christophe Jans, Philippe Vuylsteke, Peter Fennema, and Thomas Heyse. "Malrotation deformities of the lower extremity and implications on total knee arthroplasty: a narrative review." Archives of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery 136, no. 11 (2016): 1491–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00402-016-2554-1.

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32

Hinterwimmer, Stefan, Heiko Graichen, Thomas J. Vogl, and Nasreddin Abolmaali. "An MRI-based technique for assessment of lower extremity deformities—reproducibility, accuracy, and clinical application." European Radiology 18, no. 7 (2008): 1497–505. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00330-008-0896-y.

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33

Bassett, George S., and John R. Morris. "The Use of the Ilizarov Technique in the Correction of Lower Extremity Deformities in Children." Orthopedics 20, no. 7 (1997): 623–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3928/0147-7447-19970701-09.

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34

Lapkin, Yu A., M. P. Konyukhov, Yu A. Lapkin, and M. P. Konyukhov. "Peculiarities of Treatment of Lower Extremity Deformities in Children with Systemic Diseases of Loco-Motor System." N.N. Priorov Journal of Traumatology and Orthopedics 10, no. 4 (2003): 88–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/vto200310488-89.

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The analysis of conservative and surgical treatment results of more than 200 children with systemic diseases of loco-motor system showed that complications and deformity recurrence were mainly caused by the inadequate treatment tactics as well as the use of traditional orthopaedic techniques with no account of the systemic nature of the pathology. The most common mistakes in conservative treatment included the prolonged use of plaster cast, attempts to perform one-step reposition of joint dislocations and underestimation of osteoporosis severity. In surgical treatment the typical mistakes were the attempts to restore the joint function to the detriment of the joint stability and weight bearing function of the extremity, use of tenoligamentocapsulotomy in cases when either correction of bone deformities or the application of flizarov device were indicated. The rate of complications was significantly lower when the deformity correction was followed by additional joint stabilization using transposition of muscles and plasty of ligamentous system.

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35

Chung, Chin Youb, Young Min Kim, In Ho Choi, et al. "Comparison of Energy Consumption According to The Joint Deformities of The Lower Extremity in Sagittal Plane." Journal of the Korean Orthopaedic Association 32, no. 1 (1997): 148. http://dx.doi.org/10.4055/jkoa.1997.32.1.148.

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36

McCarthy, DJ. "Anatomical basis for congenital deformities of the lower extremities. Part II. The knee and leg." Journal of the American Podiatric Medical Association 83, no. 3 (1993): 130–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.7547/87507315-83-3-130.

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The congenital etiology of many malformations of the lower extremities is undisputed. This study uses cryomicrotomy of the knees and legs of midterm fetuses to establish the best anatomical representations of lower extremity parts, as they are developing, in a partially microscopic form. Adequate treatment plans of congenital defects require a knowledge of the normal status of development, and this investigation provides these data in a unique way. A comprehensive review of current therapeutic philosophies is related to morphology, which is discussed in light of the various congenital abnormalities of the knee and leg.

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37

Luhmann, Scott J., John J. Sheridan, Ann M. Capelli, and Perry L. Schoenecker. "Management of Lower-Extremity Deformities in Osteogenesis Imperfecta with Extensible Intramedullary Rod Technique: A 20-Year Experience." Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics 18, no. 1 (1998): 88–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01241398-199801000-00017.

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38

Perez-Favila, Martinez-Fierro, Rodriguez-Lazalde, et al. "Current Therapeutic Strategies in Diabetic Foot Ulcers." Medicina 55, no. 11 (2019): 714. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina55110714.

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Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) are the fastest growing chronic complication of diabetes mellitus, with more than 400 million people diagnosed globally, and the condition is responsible for lower extremity amputation in 85% of people affected, leading to high-cost hospital care and increased mortality risk. Neuropathy and peripheral arterial disease trigger deformities or trauma, and aggravating factors such as infection and edema are the etiological factors for the development of DFUs. DFUs require identifying the etiology and assessing the co-morbidities to provide the correct therapeutic approach, essential to reducing lower-extremity amputation risk. This review focuses on the current treatment strategies for DFUs with a special emphasis on tissue engineering techniques and regenerative medicine that collectively target all components of chronic wound pathology.

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39

Ameersing, Luximon, Ganesan Balasankar, and Younus Abida. "Diabetic Foot and Footwear." Research Journal of Textile and Apparel 19, no. 1 (2015): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/rjta-19-01-2015-b001.

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Diabetes mellitus is one of the most common diseases around the world, and mainly affects the foot among the human body parts. The main causes of the diabetic foot are neuropathy, peripheral arterial disease and foot deformities; it leads to foot ulceration. Generally, sensory loss, high plantar pressure, foot deformities, inappropriate footwear, blindness, and age are the causing risk factors for developing foot ulceration in diabetic patients. Foot ulceration will result in prolonged hospitalization, high medical expenses, and serious complications with lower extremity amputation. For a long time, appropriate footwear has been recommended by physicians for reducing plantar pressure to prevent foot ulceration, the risk of amputation, and re-ulceration. A review is provided in this article towards the existing literature on the causes and prevalence of the diabetic foot, foot ulceration, off-loading pressure, footwear modification for different types of diabetic foot deformities, and types of footwear and textile materials used in footwear insoles for healing purposes.

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Desai, Pingal, Vivek Sharma, and Karanvir Prakash. "Total Knee Arthroplasty after Correction of Tibial Diaphyseal Nonunion with Clamshell Osteotomy." Case Reports in Orthopedics 2018 (September 25, 2018): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/2632963.

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Total knee arthroplasty is mostly done to relieve pain and disability from a severe and degenerated knee. Deformities in the coronal and sagittal plane could be corrected with the help of cuts made in tibia and femur during total knee replacement as well as with ligament release. However, large deformities in the lower extremity particularly in the diaphysis region need correction prior to the total knee replacement. It helps to limit the amount of bone that will be cut and helps the ligament release. Several extra articular and intra-articular methods for the correction of diaphyseal deformity have been described. We present the case of clamshell osteotomy for the correction of diaphyseal deformity in the tibia and a total knee replacement after the osteotomy site healed.

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Schröter, Steffen, Hiroshi Nakayama, Christoph Ihle, et al. "Torsional Osteotomy." Journal of Knee Surgery 33, no. 05 (2019): 486–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1678677.

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AbstractThis article provides an overview of symptomatic torsional deformities of the lower extremity, and operative treatment techniques are described in detail. A definition of torsion versus rotation as well as information to physical examination and the relevance of radiological evaluation is given. Based on current literature and the own personal experience of the authors in osteotomies, surgical techniques at the proximal and at the distal femur, as well as at the tibia are presented.

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Nickel, Kevin J., Aaron C. Van Slyke, Aaron D. Knox, Kevin Wing, and Neil Wells. "Tissue Expansion for Severe Foot and Ankle Deformities: A 16-Year Review." Plastic Surgery 26, no. 4 (2018): 244–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2292550317749510.

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Background: Tissue expansion in the lower extremity is controversial, with studies reporting complication rates as high as 83%. Few studies have looked at tissue expansion prior to orthopaedic correction of severe foot and ankle deformities, and those available are restricted to clubfoot in the pediatric population. Here, we report the largest case series on the use of tissue expanders for the reconstruction of severe foot and ankle deformity and the only report in adults. Methods: This is a retrospective chart review of the senior author’s practice over a 16-year study period. All patients over 18 years of age who underwent tissue expansion prior to definitive orthopaedic correction of a severe foot and ankle deformity were included. Patient demographics, etiology of deformity, rate of expansion, and complications were recorded. Major complications were defined as those which required surgical intervention. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results: Nineteen cases were performed on 16 patients. Our overall complication rate was 31.6% (6/19), with major complications occurring in 21.1% (4/19) of cases, and minor complications occurring in 10.5% (2/19) of cases. Despite this, 94.7% (18/19) of cases went on to receive definitive orthopaedic correction after tissue expansion. No demographic parameters were associated with occurrence of complications. Conclusions: This represents the largest report on lower extremity tissue expansion for severe foot and ankle deformity correction. While we observed complications in 31.6% of patients, 94.7% of cases went on to receive definitive orthopaedic correction with successful primary closure.

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Santana, Adolfredo, Geovanny Oleas-Santillán, Jeanne M. Franzone, L. Reid Nichols, J. Richard Bowen, and Richard W. Kruse. "Orthopedic Manifestations of Bruck Syndrome: A Case Series with Intermediate to Long-term Follow-Up." Case Reports in Orthopedics 2019 (March 13, 2019): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/8014038.

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of contractures, fractures, and deformities in four patients with Bruck syndrome treated in our facility. Data were collected from medical records, radiographs, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scans, genetic tests, and gait analysis. All had contractures at birth and genotypic findings including mutations in PLOD2 or FPKB10. Three cases were treated with bisphosphonates with improvement in bone density verified by DEXA. In Bruck syndrome, orthopedic deformities include the following sequential aspects: contractures, characterized by upper and lower extremity contractures such as clubfeet; fractures, characterized by multiple diaphyseal fractures in the long bones of the extremities; and deformities, characterized by malalignment of extremities and the spine. Physical therapy and bracing proved helpful for the contractures to try to stop progression. Bone fragility needs to be considered when deciding to attempt cast correction. Surgeries in the soft tissues can be performed to retain joint movement. In fractures with angulation, intramedullary nail fixation was useful, and in cases without deformity, casting alone was successful. We suggest monitoring the bone density with DEXA, nutrition support with vitamin D and calcium, and treatment with bisphosphonates. Spine deformities were successfully treated by spinal fusion and instrumentation.

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Kolesov, S. V., A. N. Baklanov, and I. A. Shavyrin. "SURGICAL TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH SPINAL DEFORMITIES WITH SHORTENING OF THE LOWER LIMB." Annals of the Russian academy of medical sciences 68, no. 10 (2013): 41–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.15690/vramn.v68i10.787.

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Aim. Determination of the optimal diagnostic and treatment strategy in patients with scoliosis and having an anatomic shortening of the lower limb. Patients and methods. Surgical correction of scoliosis held 8 to patients with lower limb shortening caused by congenital dislocation of the hip (n = 3), anatomic shortening of the lower extremities due to the hip (n = 1), the shin bone (n = 4). Shortening before correction and fixation of scoliosis ranged from 6 to 14 cm, after surgery on the spine has been reduced by 2-4 cm achieved reduction or removal of pelvic obliquity . The second stage, after 8-12 months, performed surgery to address shortening of the lower extremity. Osteotomy of the femur with the imposition of a spoke - rod device held 4 tibial osteotomy with the imposition of external fixation device Spoke - and 4 patients and in the subsequent limb lengthening was performed by compression-distraction osteosynthesis. Results. After the dorsal stabilization and fixation of the spine scoliosis correction averaged 64% (from 76 to 27 °), the value of breast / thoracolumbar kyphosis after surgery failed to bring to the physiological (average 43 °). Misalignment of the pelvis is reduced by 67 % (from 24 to 8 °), which reduced the shortening of the lower limb by an average of 3 cm (compensation relative shortening by reducing or eliminating the distortion of the pelvis). Further compensation shortening held on the second stage of treatment, representing an osteotomy and subsequent elongation of the femur or tibia bones by transosseous compression-distraction osteosynthesis by Ilizarov. Conclusions. Multi-stage treatment reduced the degree of spinal deformity, to normalize the balance of the body, restore the function of distance without the use of orthotic devices and means of support.

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Mue, D., P. Denen-Akaa, M. Salihu, et al. "Corrective Osteotomy for Residual Lower Extremity Deformities Following Healed Rickets: A Retrospective Study in a Rural Hospital among Nigerian Children." Journal of Advances in Medicine and Medical Research 22, no. 11 (2017): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/jammr/2017/32863.

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Eralp, Levent, Mehmet Kocaoglu, Berkin Toker, Halil Ibrahim Balcı, and Ahmed Awad. "Comparison of fixator-assisted nailing versus circular external fixator for bone realignment of lower extremity angular deformities in rickets disease." Archives of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery 131, no. 5 (2010): 581–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00402-010-1162-8.

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Tekin, Ali Çağrı, Haluk Çabuk, Süleyman Semih Dedeoğlu, et al. "The results of bone deformity correction using a spider frame with web-based software for lower extremity long bone deformities." SICOT-J 2 (2016): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/sicotj/2016005.

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Artemiev, A. A., A. Yu Silin, A. N. Ivashkin, B. I. Maximov, A. A. Shipulin, and Yu S. Solovyov. "Possibilities for obtaining the length-measured images of skeleton using modern X-rays equipment." N.N. Priorov Journal of Traumatology and Orthopedics 25, no. 3-4 (2018): 89–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.17116/vto201803-04189.

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Modern traumatology and orthopaedics is inconceivable without high-quality X-rays diagnostics. In the recent years special equipment that enables to obtain the length-measured images of different parts of a human body was introduced into clinical practice. The details of examination process, i.e. the position of a patient, position of an extremity and many others require special knowledge and experience. The aim of the study is to optimize the possibilities for obtaining the length-measured images of the different parts of a skeleton using modern X-rays equipment. The peculiarities of the determination of segments’ axes and length in patients with lower extremity deformities and shortening are presented; the most typical mistakes are analyzed. The results of the study are of great importance for medical expertise as well as for data documentation in practical, scientific and teaching activities.

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Lee, Jangwon. "Comparisons of incidence of spinal and lower extremity deformities according to the physical characteristics between sports major and nonmajor college students." Journal of Exercise Rehabilitation 13, no. 2 (2017): 240–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.12965/jer.1734938.469.

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Ceroni, Dimitri, Amira Dhouib, Laura Merlini, and Georgios Kampouroglou. "Modification of the alignment between the tibial tubercle and the trochlear groove induced by temporary hemiepiphysiodesis for lower extremity angular deformities." Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics B 26, no. 3 (2017): 204–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/bpb.0000000000000409.

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