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Academic literature on the topic 'Lower Silurian'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Lower Silurian"

1

Yin, T. H., and A. T. Mu. "Lower Silurian Graptolites from Tungtzu*." Bulletin of the Geological Society of China 25, no. 1 (June 1, 2009): 211–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-6724.1945.mp25001008.x.

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McCANN, TOMMY. "Lower Palaeozoic evolution of the northeast German Basin/Baltica borderland." Geological Magazine 135, no. 1 (January 1998): 129–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016756897007863.

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The Vendian–Silurian succession from a series of boreholes in northeast Germany has been petrographically and geochemically investigated. Evidence suggests that the more northerly Vendian and Cambrian succession was deposited on a craton which became increasingly unstable in Ordovician times. Similarly, the Ordovician-age succession deposited in the Rügen area indicates a strongly active continental margin tectonic setting for the same period. By Silurian times the region was once more relatively tectonically quiescent. Although complete closure of the Tornquist Sea was not complete until latest Silurian times, the major changes in tectonic regime in the Eastern Avalonia/Baltica area recorded from the Ordovician suggest that a significant degree of closure occurred during this time.

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Yi, Wang, Hao Shou-Gang, Chen Xu, Rong Jia-Yu, Li Guo-Xiang, Liu Jianbo, and Xu Honghe. "Sphenothallus from the Lower Silurian of China." Journal of Paleontology 77, no. 3 (May 2003): 583–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022336000044267.

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The genus Sphenothallus was erected by Hall (1847, p. 261), who originally considered it a land plant. Sphenothallus was later classified as a marine invertebrate. Moore and Harrington (1956, p. F65) regarded Sphenothallus as a hydrozoan or scyphozoan. Van Iten et al. (1992, p. 139) supported Moore and Harrington's idea, and argued that it displays a close relationship to conularids (also see Li, 2000, p. 91). However, Mason and Yochelson (1985, p. 93–94) suggested that Sphenothallus is an annelid or “worm” (also see Fauchald et al., 1986, p. 64; Feldmann et al., 1986, p. 344–345; Choi, 1990, p. 403; Bartels et al., 1998, p. 114–117). The exact phylogenetic affinity of Sphenothallus is still debated.

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Ausich, William I. "Brassfield Compsocrinina (Lower Silurian crinoids) from Ohio." Journal of Paleontology 61, no. 3 (May 1987): 552–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022336000028717.

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Four compsocrinine camerate crinoids are described from the Lower Silurian Brassfield Formation of southwestern Ohio. These late early or early middle Llandoverian crinoids are assigned to the Periechocrinidae and include Tirocrinus trochos n. gen. and sp., Ibanocrinus petalos n. gen. and sp., Acacocrinus anebos n. sp., and the taxon Dimerocrinites? vagans Foerste, herein referred to periechocrinid incertae sedis.These Brassfield forms are the oldest known members of the Periechocrinacea and Periechocrinidae. Diagnoses of these supergeneric concepts are broadened to include the morphologic variability embodied within the Brassfield forms but not otherwise present in later periechocrinaceans.

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YI, WANG, HAO SHOU-GANG, CHEN XU, RONG JIA-YU, LI GUO-XIANG, LIU JIANBO, and XU HONGHE. "SPHENOTHALLUS FROM THE LOWER SILURIAN OF CHINA." Journal of Paleontology 77, no. 3 (May 2003): 583–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1666/0022-3360(2003)077<0583:sftlso>2.0.co;2.

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Eriksson, Mats. "Lower Silurian polychaetaspid polychaetes from Gotland, Sweden." GFF 119, no. 3 (September 1997): 213–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/11035899709546480.

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Krstic, Branislav, Ljubinka Maslarevic, and Milan Sudar. "On the graptolite schist's formation, Silurian-Lower Devonian, in the Carpatho-Balkanides of eastern Serbia." Annales g?ologiques de la Peninsule balkanique, no. 66 (2005): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/gabp0566001k.

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The fabric of the Silurian and a part of the Lower Devonian in the Carpatho-Balkanides of eastern Serbia, i.e. in two large geotectonic units, the Kucaj Unit (Getic) and the Luznica Unit (West Kraishte), is reviewed in this paper. Silurian sediments of the Serbian part of the Carpatho-Balkanides are made of the Graptolite Schists Formation, from the lower part of the acuminatus Zone at the Ordovician-Silurian boundary to the transgrediens Zone at the Silurian-Devonian boundary. The presence of all parts of the Silurian is proved on the basis of graptolite faunas: Llandovery (Rhuddnanian, Aeronian, Telychian), Wenlock (Sheinwoodian, Homerian), Ludlow (Gorstian, Ludfordian) and Pridoli. Two Lower Devonian (Lochkovian) zones (uniformis and hercynicus), with which the deposition of the Graptolite Schists Formation ended in eastern Serbia is also described. Data on the geochemical characteristics of the Graptolite Schists Formation are presented as well.

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Higgins, A. K., J. R. Ineson, J. S. Peel, F. Surlyk, and M. Sønderholm. "Lower Palaeozoic Franklinian Basin of North Greenland." Bulletin Grønlands Geologiske Undersøgelse 160 (January 1, 1991): 71–139. http://dx.doi.org/10.34194/bullggu.v160.6714.

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The Franklinian Basin extends from the Canadian Arctic Islands to eastern North Greenland, a distance of approximately 2000 km. In the North Greenland segment about 8 km of Lower Palaeozoic strata are well exposed and permit the recognition of 7 stages in the evolution of the basin. With the exception of the first stage of basin initiation, which occurred dose to the Precambrian-Cambrian boundary, each stage is differentiated into a southern shelf and slope, and a northern deep-water trough. The position of the boundary between the shelf and trough was probably controlled by deep seated normal faults and, with time, the basin expanded southwards leading to a final foundering of the shelf areas during the Silurian. The 7 stages in the evolution of the Franklinian Basin in North Greenland are: 1, Late Proterozoic? - Early Cambrian shelf (basin initiation); 2, Early Cambrian carbonate platform and incipient trough; 3, Early Cambrian siliciclastic shelf and turbidite trough; 4, Late Early Cambrian - Middle Ordovician carbonate shelf and starved trough; 5, Middle Ordovician - Early Silurian aggradational carbonate platform, starved slope and trough; 6, Early Silurian ramp and rimmed shelf, and turbidite trough; 7, Early - Late Silurian drowning of the platform. Basin evolution and sedimentation patterns in the eastem part of the Franklinian Basin were strongly influenced by the dosure of the lapetus Ocean and Caledonian orogenic uplift in eastern North Greenland. The Franklinian Basin in North Greenland was finally closed in Devonian - Early Carboniferous times, resulting in strong deformation of the northern part of the Franklinian trough sequence during the Ellesmerian Orogeny.

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Lin, Tuo, Jin Chuan Zhang, Bo Li, Wei He, and Xuan Tang. "Accumulation Conditions and Gas Content Characteristics of the Lower Silurian in Northwestern Hunan, China." Advanced Materials Research 868 (December 2013): 192–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.868.192.

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The Lower Silurian marine shale is widely distributed in Northwestern Hunan and features in a large thickness of dark shale showed at outcrops. However, the accumulation conditions and gas content is unknown. The sedimentary facies, thickness and distribution, organic matter types and content, maturity, reservoir properties and gas content of the Lower Silurian black shale in Northwestern Hunan were investigated by field observation, sampling and experimental analysis. The results show that the black shales sedimentary environment is deep water continental shelf, with featured in abundant fossil. The burial depth of the Lower Silurian black shale is 0-3000 m, and its thickness is 10-40m while the average TOC is 1.0% and average Ro is 2.9%. For the disadvantaged sedimentary facies and shallow depth, the maximum gas content of the Lower Silurian black shale from well site desorption test is 0.59m3/t only, but the result of isothermal adsorption simulate test show that the Lower Silurian black shale have a good adsorption capacity, and can generate a large number of shale gas in Northwestern Hunan where better deposition conditions and suitable depth exist in.

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Bassett, M. G., B. J. Bluck, R. Cave, C. H. Holland, and J. D. Lawson. "Silurian." Geological Society, London, Memoirs 13, no. 1 (1992): 17–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/gsl.mem.1992.013.01.07.

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AbstractThe history of establishment of the Silurian System (and hence of the Silurian Period) and its principal divisions has been reviewed by Cocks et al. (1971) and Holland (1984, 1989a). The System itself, three of the four Series into which it is divided, and the Stages within these three, are all based upon localities in Britain. The names of all the divisions shown in Fig. I have been ratified by the International Union of Geological Sciences. The two major divisions, Lower Silurian and Upper Silurian, remain informal, but they are useful when degree of precision in correlation does not allow reference at the level of Series (Holland 1989a). The boundary stratotypes are all described in Holland & Bassett (1989). Graptolite Biozones have proved especially useful for international correlation in the Silurian and the sequence of Biozones used in Britain is shown in Fig. 1. Correlation of the Biozones wth the global Standard Series and Stages is shown approximately, but is not known with exactitude in all cases.Geodetically the position of the British Isles in the Silurian remained astride the 25°S latitude, a position it had reached in the later Ordovician (Briden et al. 1973); movementwas confined to rotation. During this time the south magnetic pole wandered, in terms of present geography, from near to southwest Africa, to the Horn of Africa in early Silurian times, then back along the equator to west Africa/Brazil at the end of the Silurian.The Llandovery Epoch was chracterized by marine transgressions. Thus in

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Lower Silurian"

1

Manzo, David Jason. "Distribution, age, and significance of lower Silurian K-bentonites in the southern Appalachians /." Connect to resource, 2002. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1208295003.

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Braun, Matthew. "High Resolution Chemostratigraphy and Cyclostratigraphy of Lower Silurian Neritic Carbonates from Anticosti Island, Quebec, Canada." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/37965.

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The storm-dominated paleotropical carbonate succession exposed on Anticosti Island in Eastern Canada represents one of the most complete, thickest, and well-preserved successions in the world spanning the O/S Boundary. This study develops a new high resolution integrated lithostratigraphic, cyclostratigraphic, and chemostratigraphic framework for the upper Hirnantian to lower Telychian (Upper Ordovician to lower Silurian) succession on Anticosti, by examining ~450 m of strata from a recent stratigraphic drill core (Martin La Mer), supplemented by ~120 m of outcrop, all from the south-central part of the island. Four facies assemblages and three time-specific facies were identified in this succession and can be organized into three orders of superimposed transgressive-regressive cycles. New high resolution isotopic curves were produced by sampling well-preserved bulk micrite at a resolution of 0.5-1.0 m per sample; in total 443 samples were taken from core and 168 from outcrop, corresponding to the Ellis Bay, Becscie, Merrimack, Gun River, Menier, Jupiter and Chicotte formations. Four distinct positive carbon isotope excursions are recognized in the study interval; the upper Hirnantian (+5‰), Lower Aeronian (+2‰), Upper Aeronian (+6‰), and Valgu (+3.5‰) excursions. These δ13C excursions accompany lithology, and sea level changes and are likely driven by transitions between humid and arid climate states coupled with ocean changes. Multi-ordered δ18O trends are recognized to occur in association with δ13C trends; long-term and intermediate scale δ18O fluctuations are likely controlled by glacio-eustasy and Silurian climate fluctuations, while high-frequency fluctuations may record an astronomical forcing signal.

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Daoust, Pascale. "High Resolution Stratigraphy of the Lower Silurian (Rhuddanian-Aeronian) Paleotropical Neritic Carbonates, Anticosti Island, Québec." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/36645.

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Anticosti Island, located in Eastern Canada, displays one of the most complete, best exposed, and most fossiliferous carbonate successions spanning the Ordovician-Silurian (O/S) Boundary in the World. This study develops a new high-resolution framework for the post End-Ordovician extinction strata (~ 260 m thick) exposed in coastal outcrops and recovered from a continuous drill core (La Loutre #1), both located in the western part of the island. In total, eight facies, all associated with a storm-dominated carbonate system, were recognized and organized into a multi-order depositional cycles. A new high resolution isotopic curve with more than 300 data points from well-preserved bulk micrite samples covers the late Hirnantian to Early Aeronian time interval and corresponds to the upper Ellis Bay, Becscie, Merrimack and lower Gun River formations. Two distinct positive carbon isotope excursions are present in the late Hirnantian part of the Ellis Bay Formation (+5‰) and in the lower Aeronian part of the Gun River Formation (+2‰). These positive isotopic carbon excursions provide a distinctive chemostratigraphic signature for regional and global correlations with other O/S sections. Like the Quaternary δ18O marine signal, our δ18O record is largely coupled with multi-order cyclic facies changes. This study demonstrates the importance of glacio-eustasy following the End-Ordovician glacial maxima as one of the primary factors controlling the stratigraphic architecture of paleotropical neritic carbonates during the Early Silurian.

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Russel-Houston, Jennifer C. "Taphonomy and paleosynecology of the Lower Silurian graptoloid fauna, Cape Phillips Formation, Nunavut, Canada." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/nq66681.pdf.

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Swire, Paul Henry. "Palynology of a lower Wenlock (Silurian) shelf-basin transect, Wales and the Welsh Borderland." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1991. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/11267/.

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Well-exposed lower Wenlock sections and borehole sequences, representing various facies along a shelf-basin transect in Wales and the Welsh Borderland, have been sampled for palynomorphs. Primary attention is paid to the type area in Shropshire, including stratotypes of both lower and upper boundaries of the Sheinwoodian Stage, with sampling as close as 10cm through the boundary horizons. The study has been extended into other sequences on the shelf to nearshore facies in the Bristol area and to basinal sections in North Wales. Total organic residues were recovered using quantitative processing techniques and absolute palynomorph abundances were determined. Both transmitted light and scanning electron microscopes were used to work on strew-mounted residues allowing detailed morphological study of the palynomorphs. Techniques were developed for allowing remounting of gold coated SEM cover slips, for transmitted light study and for permanent records. Taxonomic focus is on the acritarchs and the chitinozoans; forty-one acritarch genera and one hundred and seven species and eleven chitinozoan genera and twenty-eight species are systematically described. Ten acritarch species, one chitinozoan genus and three chitinozoan species are new. One genus and species of trilete spore is also systematically described. In addition scolecodonts, graptolite fragments, melanosclerites, chitinous hydroids and amorphous kerogen were recovered and their distribution noted. The exceptionally well-preserved assemblages recovered from the deeper water shelf sections (including the Eastnor Park and Lower Hill Farm boreholes and Whitwell Coppice section) contain 80 2000 acritarchs/g, and 10-60 chitinozoans/g, while the species diversity index (Fisher et al. 1943) for these sections varies between 0.35 and 30.2. The nearshore/shallow water sections (including Tortworth and Dolyhir) yield a well preserved palynomorph assemblage of low abundance (0.024 to 1.14 palynomorphs/g) and low species diversity (0.35 to 3.8). The poorly preserved assemblages of the basin (including the Pistyll Quarry section and the Llanrwst and Conway composite sections) contain 0 to 4.6 palynomorphs/g and species diversity varies between 0 and 4.8. Palynomorph absolute abundances and species diversity are compared and contrasted, both are considerably higher in the inner shelf and shelf sections than in the nearshore/shallow water and outer shelf and basinal sections. Distribution of the organic residues through the different sections is illustrated and discussed and the acritarchs and chitinozoans are used for biostratigraphical refinement. Taxa ranges and relative frequencies are illustrated by computer drafted figures for each section; graphical techniques are also used for correlation purposes as are summary logs of range data. In addition to vertical palynomorph distributional patterns through a studied section, palynomorph assemblage distributional patterns are also discussed and illustrated by graphical representations for the different palaeoenvironments represented by the shelf-basin transect. It is noted that the chitinozoans generally prefer deeper water; on the outer shelf the genera Ancyrochitina Eisenack 1955a and Cingulochitina Paris 1981 and in the basin the genera Sphaerochitina Eisenack 1955a and Conochitina Eisenack 1931 are dominant. With the acritarchs thin-walled leiospheres and shortspined MlchrystrId1um Deflandre 1937 emend. Staplin 1961 appear to have a preference for nearshore/shallow water environments. The acritarchs are most abundant and diverse on the shelf with the acanthomorphs being the dominant group. Basinal sections are dominated by small thick-walled leiospheres and relatively abundant short-spined fat-bodied Veryhachium Deunff ex Downie 1959. Marine and inshore indices adapted from Richardson & Rasul (1990) are also used to highlight assemblage contrasts over the shelf and basin. From the biostratigraphical results a new biozonational scheme for the early Wenlock is proposed, based on the recorded stratigraphical ranges of diagnostic taxa. Three existing acritarch biozones (the Deunffia brevispinosa, Deunffia furcata and Eisenackidium wenlockensis biozones) have their boundaries changed on new stratigraphical range information and one new zone, the Helosphaerldium malvernensis Biozone is proposed. Two new chitinozoan biozones, the Calplchitlna (Densichitina) densa and Clngulochitlna cingulata biozones are also proposed. The palynomorph biozones are related to the established graptolite biozones (see Bassett at al. 1975) in the Whitwell Coppice section and the Lower Hill Farm borehole in the Wenlock type area. The thermal maturity of the different sections is calculated by the use of the Acritarch Alteration Index (AAI) of Legall et al. 1981, which is a method of calibrating palaeotemperatures. For consistency in results only the acritarch genus Leiosphaeridia Eisenack 1958 emend Downie & Sarjeant 1963 was used. For the shelf sections the AAI is low and varies between 2 and 4 (indicating palaeotemperatures of 60-70⁰C ), in contrast the thermal maturity of the basinal sections is much higher, with an AAI of 5 showing palaeotemperatures in the range 90-460⁰C and probably towards the higher end of that range.

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Ward, Patricia Monica. "A palaeoenvironmental interpretation of the Craighead Inlier and Woodland Point, (Lower Silurian), Girvan, southwest Scotland." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/13205.

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TOPRAK, FUNDA O. "HIGH-RESOLUTION CHEMOSTRATIGRAPHIC CORRELATION OF THE LOWER SILURIAN (LLANDOVERY) OSMUNDBERG K-BENTONITE IN BALTOSCANDIA AND NORTHERN EUROPE." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2003. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1060260362.

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Abuhmida, F. "Palynological analysis of the Ordovician to Lower Silurian sediments from the Murzuq Basin, southwest Libya." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2013. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/4475/.

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Ferriday, Timothy. "Chemostratigraphical characterisation of lower Silurian black shales from the Formigoso Formation (southern Cantabrian Mountains, Spain)." Thesis, Keele University, 2014. http://eprints.keele.ac.uk/1430/.

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This thesis focuses on the development of the black shales belonging to the lower Silurian Formigoso Formation (Fm.) situated within the Cantabrian Fold Belt, Northern Spain. The geochemical data obtained by the use of an energy-dispersive Niton XL3t XRF analyser under controlled laboratory conditions is comparable to that of conventional wavelength dispersive XRF analysers. The in-situ field analysis resulted in similar geochemical signals and elemental concentrations to that of the laboratory analysed samples. The high-resolution geochemical database, consisting of 4148 readings of the Formigoso Fm. was used to characterise the shales of the Formigoso Fm. relative to a number of international shale standards. Following this geochemical characterisation, a number of palaeoenvironmental proxies for [1] anoxia reconstructions, [2] palaeosalinity, [3] palaeohumidity, [4] weathering indices, and finally [5] bioproductivity were utilised. The combined outcome of these proxies together with field-based sedimentological observations led to a detailed reconstruction of the environment that prevailed during the deposition of the Bernesga Mb. black shales. A generic model is developed for the formation of these organically enriched sediments. This model is subsequently compared to previously published Silurian, black ‘hot’ shale models. The major parameters controlling the development of the Cantabrian black shale deposits were mainly the presence of a pronounced palaeorelief, which was generated by a combination of tectonic pulses related to the widening of the Rheic Ocean to the north and glaciogenic processes of the Hirnantian ice masses to the south. Orbital parameters or ‘deep time cycles’, mainly Obliquity and Eccentricity in combination with tectonic pulses led to high resolution sea-level oscillations and consequent cyclic behaviour of the redox elements recorded within the ‘hot’ shale deposits of the southern Cantabrian Basin. Additionally, 209 measurements of 76 international and inter-laboratory standards were performed to formulate new equations for the precise calibration of major and trace elements.

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Clayer, François. "Sediment Dynamics and Stratigraphic Architecture of a Lower Silurian Storm-dominated Carbonate Ramp, Anticosti Island, Québec, Canada." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/23149.

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The upper Llandovery succession across the Jupiter-Chicotte formational contact on Anticosti Island, Québec, allows us to study the sediment dynamics and stratigraphic architecture of a storm-dominated, carbonate ramp. The Anticosti paleotropical ramp was slowly subsiding and recording significant changes in sea level in a far field glacial setting during the early Telychian. Three facies associations, grouping nine facies, are recognized along the E-W outcrop belt, and from top to bottom as the: (FA-1) encrinitic carbonate facies, (FA-2) mixed siliciclastic and carbonate facies, and (FA-3) non-encrinitic carbonate facies. These mid to outer ramp sediments represent deposition mostly from episodic, high-energy storm events as evidenced by hummocky cross-stratification, large wave ripples, gutter casts, and wave-enhanced sediment-gravity flow deposits. Spatial and temporal changes in siliciclastic content imply basin margin depositional environments in the eastern sections and change in climate regime from arid to humid conditions. The Chicotte deposition marks a major faunal change with the domination of crinoids triggered by increasing siliciclastic supply, rapid sea level fluctuations and change in substrates. The recognition of one major transgressive-regressive (TR) sequence subdivided in distinct meter-scale cycles allows a high resolution E-W correlation. The development of the TR sequence and meter-scale cycles is driven by glacio-eustacy where the main sequence is 4th order (~400 Ky) with superimposed meter-scale cycles that are 5th and/or 6th order (~100 Ky). Nevertheless, erosional capping surfaces within the more proximal tempestites represent ancient rocky shorelines that developed during forced sea level falls. In order to explain this stratigraphic architecture, a carbonate open-ramp model is proposed with a concave-up profile and a narrow and steep inner ramp in equilibrium with a high-energy coastline.

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Books on the topic "Lower Silurian"

1

Schuchert, Charles. On the lower Silurian Trenton Fauna of Baffin land. Washington: G.P.O., 1987.

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Schuchert, Charles. On the lower Silurian Trenton fauna of Baffin land. Washington: G.P.O., 1987.

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Marcou, Jules. The Taconic and Lower Silurian rocks of Vermont and Canada. [Boston?: s.n.], 1985.

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Association, Palaeontological, ed. Graptolites from the Upper Ordovician and Lower Silurian of Jordan. London: Palaeontological Association, 2007.

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Marcou, Jules. The Taconic and Lower Silurian rocks of Vermont and Canada. [Boston?: s.n.], 1985.

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Droste, John Brown. Upper Silurian and Lower Devonian stratigraphy of the central Illinois Basin. Bloomington, IN (611 N. Walnut Grove, Bloomington 47405): State of Indiana, Dept. of Natural Resources, Geological Survey, 1987.

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Nikiforova, O. I. Review of the upper Silurian and lower Devonian articulate brachiopods of Podolia. London: Palaeontological Association, 1985.

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Nikiforova, O. I. Review of the upper Silurian and lower Devonian articulate brachiopods of Podolia. London: Palaeontological Association, 1985.

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L, Modzalevskaya T., Bassett M. G. 1943-, and Palaeontological Association, eds. Review of the upper Silurian and lower Devonian articulate brachiopods of Podolia. London: Palaeontological Assn, 1985.

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Canadian Paleontology Conference (3d 1993 Sudbury, Ont.). Upper Ordovician-Lower Silurian geology of the Manitoulin area, Ontario (Caradoc-Llandovery). St. John's, Nfld: Geological Association of Canada, Paleontology Division, 1993.

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Book chapters on the topic "Lower Silurian"

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Xiong, Ping, Wang-shui Hu, and Qi-ji Fu. "Types and Distribution of Lower Silurian Gas-Bearing Shales in Pengshui Area of Southeast Sichuan Basin, China." In Springer Series in Geomechanics and Geoengineering, 820–28. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-0761-5_78.

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"Lower Silurian." In Dictionary Geotechnical Engineering/Wörterbuch GeoTechnik, 823. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-41714-6_122504.

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Sanders, R. G. "Silurian and Lower Devonian." In Engineering Geology of Melbourne, 75–93. Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780203757413-13.

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Johnston, I. W. "Silurian and Lower Devonian engineering properties." In Engineering Geology of Melbourne, 95–108. Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780203757413-14.

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Kurzeme, M. "Silurian and Lower Devonian sedimentary rocks – Engineering applications." In Engineering Geology of Melbourne, 109–16. Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780203757413-15.

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Johnson, Markes E., Yuri I. Tesakov, Nikolai N. Predtetchensky, and B. Gudveig Baarli. "Comparison of Lower Silurian shores and shelves in North America and Siberia." In Paleozoic Sequence Stratigraphy, Biostratigraphy, and Biogeography: Studies in Honor of J. Granville ("Jess") Johnson. Geological Society of America, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/0-8137-2321-3.23.

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Gates, Olcott. "Silurian-Lower Devonian volcanism and the Acadian orogeny, the Eastport area, Maine." In Centennial Field Guide Volume 5: Northeastern Section of the Geological Society of America, 289–92. Geological Society of America, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/0-8137-5405-4.289.

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DORSCH, JOACHIM, STEVEN G. DRIESE, ANNE R. GOGOLA, J. C. BOLTON, and RICHARD K. BAMBACH. "TECTONIC VS. EUSTATIC UNCONFORMITIES: EXAMPLES FROM UPPER ORDOVICIAN AND LOWER SILURIAN ROCKS, SOUTHERN APPALACHIANS." In Tectonic And Eustatic Controls on Sedimentary Cycles, 249. SEPM (Society for Sedimentary Geology), 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2110/csp.94.04.0249.

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Laughrey, Christopher D., and John A. Harper. "Comparisons of Upper Devonian and Lower Silurian Tight Formations in Pennsylvania—Geological and Engineering Characteristics." In Geology of Tight Gas Reservoirs. American Association of Petroleum Geologists, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1306/st24459c2.

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Murphy, J. B., J. D. Keppie, J. Dostal, and B. L. Cousens. "Repeated late Neoproterozoic-Silurian lower crustal melting beneath the Antigonish Highlands, Nova Scotia: Nd isotopic evidence and tectonic interpretations." In Special Paper 304: Avalonian and related peri-Gondwanan terranes of the Circum-North Atlantic, 109–20. Geological Society of America, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/0-8137-2304-3.109.

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Conference papers on the topic "Lower Silurian"

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Kleffner, Mark A., Rodney D. Norby, Joanne Kluessendorf, and Donald G. Mikulic. "REVISED CONODONT BIOSTRATIGRAPHY OF LOWER SILURIAN STRATA OF SOUTHEASTERN WISCONSIN." In 52nd Annual North-Central GSA Section Meeting - 2018. Geological Society of America, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2018nc-312921.

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Hackbarth, Claudia, Kwong Yin Soo, and Navpreet Singh. "Sichuan Basin Shale Gas, China: Exploring the Lower Silurian Longmaxi Shale." In International Petroleum Technology Conference. International Petroleum Technology Conference, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2523/iptc-14487-ms.

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Hackbarth, Claudia, Kwong Yin Soo, and Navpreet Singh. "Sichuan Basin Shale Gas, China: Exploring the Lower Silurian Longmaxi Shale." In International Petroleum Technology Conference. International Petroleum Technology Conference, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2523/14487-ms.

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Mustafa, A., A. Abdulraheem, and M. O. Abouelresh. "Brittleness Estimation and Anisotropy Analysis of Lower Silurian Qusaiba Shale, Saudi Arabia." In Fifth EAGE Workshop on Rock Physics. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.2020603011.

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B. Polyachenko, E., V. G. Bakhmutov, M. Elenska, M. Kadzyalko-Hofmokl, and L. I. Konstantinenko. "Silurian and lower devonian fragment APWP, East-European platform from Podolia's paleomagnetic data." In 9th EAGE International Conference on Geoinformatics - Theoretical and Applied Aspects. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.201402798.

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Thomka, James R., Nicholas B. Sullivan, and Carlton E. Brett. "FALSE CRINOID COLUMN IMPRESSIONS IN THE LOWER SILURIAN ESTILL SHALE OF CENTRAL KENTUCKY." In GSA Annual Meeting in Denver, Colorado, USA - 2016. Geological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2016am-287506.

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R. Distanova, L., A. P. Murashka, V. A. Zemchugova, and A. I. Fedorov. "Sedimentological model of Lower Silurian deposits of North Bagan oil field (Timan Pechora basin)." In 5th EAGE International Scientific and Practical Conference and Exhibition on Engineering and Mining Geophysics. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.20147251.

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Mustafa*, A., A. Sahin, M. O. Abouelresh, and M. Hariri. "Geological Characteristics of The Lower Silurian Qusaiba Shale, Rub Al-Khali Basin, Saudi Arabia." In Second EAGE/SPE/AAPG Shale Gas Workshop in the Middle East. Netherlands: EAGE Publications BV, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.20142265.

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Belghaji Ben Larbi, H., N. Rezouga, M. Soua, S. Ben Alaya, H. Troudi, A. Meskini, H. Bessaies Zijlstra, and M. Saidi. "Lower Silurian “Hot Shales” in Ghadames Basin - A Future Gas Shale Reservoir in Tunisia." In 73rd EAGE Conference and Exhibition incorporating SPE EUROPEC 2011. Netherlands: EAGE Publications BV, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.20149497.

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Madi, Jamal A., and Elhadi M. Belhadj. "Unconventional Shale Play in Oman: Preliminary Assessment of the Shale Oil / Shale Gas Potential of the Silurian Hot Shale of the Southern Rub al-Khali Basin." In SPE Middle East Unconventional Resources Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/spe-172966-ms.

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Abstract Oman's petroleum systems are related to four known source rocks: the Precambrian-Lower Cambrian Huqf, the Lower Silurian Sahmah, the Late Jurassic Shuaiba-Tuwaiq and the Cretaceous Natih. The Huqf and the Natih have sourced almost all the discovered fields in the country. This study examines the shale-gas and shale-oil potential of the Lower Silurian Sahmah in the Omani side of the Rub al Khali basin along the Saudi border. The prospective area exceeds 12,000 square miles (31,300 km2). The Silurian hot shale at the base of the Sahmah shale is equivalent to the known world-class source rock, widespread throughout North Africa (Tannezouft) and the Arabian Peninsula (Sahmah/Qusaiba). Both thickness and thermal maturities increase northward toward Saudi Arabia, with an apparent depocentre extending southward into Oman Block 36 where the hot shale is up to 55 m thick and reached 1.4% vitrinite reflectance (in Burkanah-1 and ATA-1 wells). The present-day measured TOC and estimated from log signatures range from 0.8 to 9%. 1D thermal modeling and burial history of the Sahmah source rock in some wells indicate that, depending on the used kinetics, hydrocarbon generation/expulsion began from the Early Jurassic (ca 160 M.a.b.p) to Cretaceous. Shale oil/gas resource density estimates, particularly in countries and plays outside North America remain highly uncertain, due to the lack of geochemical data, the lack of history of shale oil/gas production, and the valuation method undertaken. Based on available geological and geochemical data, we applied both Jarvie (2007) and Talukdar (2010) methods for the resource estimation of: (1) the amount of hydrocarbon generated and expelled into conventional reservoirs and (2) the amount of hydrocarbon retained within the Silurian hot shale. Preliminary results show that the hydrocarbon potential is distributed equally between wet natural gas and oil within an area of 11,000 square mile. The Silurian Sahmah shale has generated and expelled (and/or partly lost) about 116.8 billion of oil and 275.6 TCF of gas. Likewise, our estimates indicate that 56 billion of oil and 273.4 TCF of gas are potentially retained within the Sahmah source rock, making this interval a future unconventional resource play. The average calculated retained oil and gas yields are estimated to be 6 MMbbl/mi2 (or 117 bbl oil/ac-ft) and 25.3 bcf/mi2 (or 403 mcf gas/ac-ft) respectively. To better compare our estimates with Advanced Resources International (EIA/ARI) studies on several Silurian shale plays, we also carried out estimates based on the volumetric method. The total oil in-place is 50.2 billion barrels, while the total gas in-place is 107.6 TCF. The average oil and gas yield is respectively 7 MMbbl/mi2 and 15.5 bcf/mi2. Our findings, in term of oil and gas concentration, are in line or often smaller than all the shale oil/gas plays assessed by EIA/ARI and others.

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Reports on the topic "Lower Silurian"

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Hamblin, A. P. Lower Silurian Medina Group of southwestern Ontario: summary of literature and concepts. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/210631.

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Norford, B. S. Biostratigraphy and trilobite fauna of the lower silurian Tegart formation, southeastern British Columbia. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/194751.

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Paul, C. R. C., and T. E. Bolton. A new lower silurian callocystitid cystoid from the Lake Timiskaming region, northern Ontario. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/132678.

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Copeland, M. J. Silicified Upper Ordovician-Lower Silurian ostracodes from the Avalanche Lake area, southwestern District of Mackenzie. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/127317.

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Harrison, J. C., K. Dewing, and C. C. Lee. Correlation of the Hazen Formation (Lower Cambrian through Silurian) on northeastern Ellesmere Island, northern Nunavut. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/211149.

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Hamblin, A. C. Detailed outcrop and core measured sections of the Upper Ordovician/Lower Silurian succession of southern Ontario. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/214037.

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David, J., and C. Gariepy. Geochemistry of the Lower Silurian Pointe Aux Trembles and Lac Raymond Formations, Central Quebec Appalachians: a Preliminary Report. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/120638.

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Jin, J., W. G. E. Caldwell, and B. S. Norford. Rhynchonellid brachiopods from the upper ordovician-lower silurian Beaverfoot and Nonda formations of the Rocky Mountains, British Columbia. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/127717.

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Lavoie, D. Hydrothermal dolomitization in the Lower Silurian La Vieille Formation in northeastern New Brunswick: field evidence and implication for hydrocarbon exploration. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/220193.

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Larmagnat, S., A. Aubiès-Trouilh, M. Malo, and J. Raymond. Detailed lithological log of the Lower Silurian Sayabec Formation in the Ressources et Énergie Squatex Massé No 2 well in eastern Quebec. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/313530.

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