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Journal articles on the topic 'LPS Challenge'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 26 July 2025

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1

Sullivan, Tianna. "PSX-B-23 Immune tolerance of dairy heifers in response to repeated bacterial endotoxin exposure." Journal of Animal Science 99, Supplement_3 (2021): 268–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skab235.492.

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Abstract Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) endotoxin from the membrane of Gram-negative bacteria is often used to simulate bacterial infection in mammals. Repeated exposure to LPS over a short period of time, however, is reported to result in an attenuated acute-phase response. This “LPS tolerance” is an essential immune-homeostatic response that can protect against over-activation of the inflammatory response during chronic exposure to LPS. In the present study, Holstein calves (n=20) were initially intramuscularly challenged with either saline, or 100, 200 or 400 ng/kg of LPS and then all animals wer

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2

Holliday, Aaaron J., Benny E. Mote, Eric Psota, et al. "181 Utilization of the Nutrack Livestock Monitoring System to Identify Changes in General and Spatial Behaviors of Newly Weaned Nursery Exposed to an Endotoxin Challenge." Journal of Animal Science 99, Supplement_1 (2021): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skab054.002.

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Abstract Incorporation of precision livestock technology has the potential to provide swine producers with the means to rapidly and accurately identify immune-compromised pigs, allowing for accurate and timely interventions. The objective of this study was to utilize the NUtrack System (NUtrack) to identify changes in general (lying, standing and sitting) and spatial behaviors (at the feeder and meters/day) of newly weaned pigs exposed to a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge. To achieve this objective, 12 nursery pens with 192 weaned pigs (16 pigs/pen) were randomly assigned to three treatment

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Lee, Sang In, Hyun Soo Kim, Jin Mo Koo та In Ho Kim. "Lactobacillus acidophilus modulates inflammatory activity by regulating the TLR4 and NF-κB expression in porcine peripheral blood mononuclear cells after lipopolysaccharide challenge". British Journal of Nutrition 115, № 4 (2016): 567–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114515004857.

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AbstractA total of forty weaned pigs ((Landrace×Yorkshire)×Duroc) were used to evaluate the effects of Lactobacillus acidophilus on inflammatory activity after lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge. Experimental treatments were as follows: (T1) control diet+saline challenge; (T2) control diet with 0·1 % L. acidophilus+saline challenge; (T3) control diet+LPS challenge; and (T4) control diet with 0·1 % L. acidophilus+LPS challenge. On d-14, piglets were challenged with saline (T1 and T2) or LPS (T3 and T4). Blood samples were obtained at 0, 2, 4, 6 and 12 h after being challenged and analysed for i

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Liu, S. D., M. H. Song, W. Yun, J. H. Lee, H. B. Kim, and J. H. Cho. "Effect of carvacrol essential oils on growth performance and intestinal barrier function in broilers with lipopolysaccharide challenge." Animal Production Science 60, no. 4 (2020): 545. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an18326.

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The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of orally administrated carvacrol essential oils (CEOs) on the function of the intestinal barrier in broilers challenged by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Eighty 28-day-old Ross 308 broilers were assigned to a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments (20 pens of 1 chick/treatment). Factors were CEOs (with or without orally administered) and LPS (challenged or non-challenged). Individually housed broilers were randomly assigned to four treatments (n = 20 broilers per treatment: 10 males and 10 females): no CEOs and no LPS challenge (NCEOs + NLPS

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Zou, Tiande, Wenzhuo Wei, Shanchuan Cao, Hongfu Zhang, and Jingbo Liu. "Effects of Dietary Fat Sources during Late Gestation on Colostrum Quality and Mammary Gland Inflammation in Lipopolysaccharide-Challenged Sows." Animals 10, no. 2 (2020): 319. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani10020319.

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This study aimed to investigate the effects of maternal lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge and dietary fat sources on colostrum quality and inflammatory response in sows. Sixty Landrace × Yorkshire sows were randomly assigned to three dietary treatments supplemented with 3% soybean oil (SO), 3% coconut oil (CO) or 3% fish oil (FO), respectively, from Day 90 of gestation until parturition. On Day 112 of gestation, half the sows from each dietary treatment were challenged with LPS (10 μg/kg BW) or saline. The results showed that maternal LPS challenge decreased colostrum yield and dry matter con

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You, Lan, Alison V. Lee, Se-Young Oh, et al. "Effect of lipopolysaccharide-induced immune stimulation and maternal fish oil and microalgae supplementation during late pregnancy on nursery pig hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal function1." Journal of Animal Science 97, no. 7 (2019): 2940–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skz166.

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Abstract The present study used Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to investigate whether maternal immune challenge during late gestation altered programming of the offspring hypothalamus and hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis (HPAA). In addition, interactions of maternal diet, supplementation with fish oil (FO) or microalgae (AL), and complex vs. simple weaning diets were investigated. Briefly, Landrace × Yorkshire sows (N = 48) were randomly assigned to diets supplemented with FO, AL, or a standard gestation control diet (CON) from day 75 of gestation (gd 75) until parturition. On gd

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Chen, Yueping, Hao Zhang, Yefei Cheng, Yue Li, Chao Wen, and Yanmin Zhou. "Dietaryl-threonine supplementation attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory responses and intestinal barrier damage of broiler chickens at an early age." British Journal of Nutrition 119, no. 11 (2018): 1254–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114518000740.

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AbstractThis study was conducted to investigate the protective effects ofl-threonine (l-Thr) supplementation on growth performance, inflammatory responses and intestinal barrier function of young broilers challenged with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). A total of 144 1-d-old male chicks were allocated to one of three treatments: non-challenged broilers fed a basal diet (control group), LPS-challenged broilers fed a basal diet withoutl-Thr supplementation and LPS-challenged broilers fed a basal diet supplemented with 3·0 g/kgl-Thr. LPS challenge was performed intraperitoneally at 17, 19 and 21 d of a

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Fu, Yuemeng, Peng Yuan, Nadia Everaert, et al. "Effects of Chinese Gallotannins on Antioxidant Function, Intestinal Health, and Gut Flora in Broilers Challenged with Escherichia coli Lipopolysaccharide." Animals 14, no. 13 (2024): 1915. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani14131915.

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This experiment was conducted to study the protective effects of dietary Chinese gallotannins (CGT) supplementation against Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced intestinal injury in broilers. Four hundred and fifty healthy Arbor Acres broilers (one-day-old) were randomly divided into three groups: (1) basal diet (CON group), (2) basal diet with LPS challenge (LPS group), and (3) basal diet supplemented with 300 mg/kg CGT as well as LPS challenge (LPS+CGT group). The experiment lasted for 21 days. Intraperitoneal LPS injections were administered to broilers in the LPS group and the

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Haudek, Sandra B., Erika Spencer, Debora D. Bryant та ін. "Overexpression of cardiac I-κBα prevents endotoxin-induced myocardial dysfunction". American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 280, № 3 (2001): H962—H968. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.2001.280.3.h962.

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Nuclear factor-κ B (NF-κB) is an inducible transcription factor that regulates expression of many genes, such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), which may contribute to myocardial dysfunction. We investigated whether cardiac NF-κB activation is involved in the development of myocardial dysfunction after lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge. Mice were intraperitoneally injected with LPS, and the hearts were harvested and assayed for NF-κB translocation. After LPS challenge, NF-κB activation was detected within 30 min and remained for 8 h. In transgenic mice constitutively overexpressing a nondeg

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Armstrong, Shelby A., Molly J. Coehlo, Scott S. Bascom, Evin Sharman, Derek J. McLean, and James D. Chapman. "PSVI-30 OmniGen-AF alters metabolic profile and blood cell populations in beef heifers subjected to repeated LPS challenges." Journal of Animal Science 97, Supplement_3 (2019): 210–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skz258.432.

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Abstract Studies in cattle fed OmniGen-AF (OG, Phibro Animal Health, Teaneck, NJ) show OG modulates innate immunity and blood metabolites after 45 to 60 d of feeding. Recently, a shorter interval between measured changes in immune signaling following the onset of OG feeding have been measured. However, this work has been limited to cellular signals in healthy, unchallenged beef heifers. This study aimed to investigate immune and metabolic responses in beef heifers challenged with LPS after 28 and 56 d of feeding OG. Angus heifers were randomly assigned based on BW to one of two dietary treatme

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Nery da Silva, Arthur, Luana Alves, Germana Vizzotto Osowski, et al. "Housing Conditions and a Challenge with Lipopolysaccharide on the Day of Estrus Can Influence Gene Expression of the Corpus Luteum in Gilts." Genes 13, no. 5 (2022): 769. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes13050769.

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The corpus luteum (CL) is a temporary endocrine gland that plays a decisive role in the reproductive physiology of gilts. Recently, it has been suggested that exogenous factors may compromise the normal functioning of the CL. In the present study, we aimed to understand to what extent an acute and systemic challenge with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on the day of estrus could compromise gene expression of gilts’ CLs housed in different welfare conditions. For this, we housed 42 gilts in three different housing systems: crates, indoor group pens, and outdoor housing. Then, we challenged six females

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Tanamoto, Ken-Ichi. "Induction of Lethal Shock and Tolerance by Porphyromonas gingivalis Lipopolysaccharide ind-Galactosamine-Sensitized C3H/HeJ Mice." Infection and Immunity 67, no. 7 (1999): 3399–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.67.7.3399-3402.1999.

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ABSTRACT Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) obtained from Porphyromonas gingivalis was found to exhibit marked lethal toxicity in galactosamine-sensitized C3H/HeJ mice. Although no lethality was observed in mice intraperitoneally challenged with 1 mg of P. gingivalis LPS without galactosamine, when they were sensitized with 30 mg of galactosamine, challenge with 1 and 10 μg of LPS resulted in 67 and 100% lethality, respectively. The lethal dose of LPS was almost the same in LPS-responsive C57BL/6 mice and non-LPS-responsive C3H/HeJ mice. Furthermore, when 1 μg of P. gingivalis LPS was administered to ea

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Ozmen, L., M. Pericin, J. Hakimi, et al. "Interleukin 12, interferon gamma, and tumor necrosis factor alpha are the key cytokines of the generalized Shwartzman reaction." Journal of Experimental Medicine 180, no. 3 (1994): 907–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.180.3.907.

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The Shwartzman reaction is elicited by two injections of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in mice. The priming LPS injection is given in the footpad, whereas the lethal LPS challenge is given intravenously 24 h later. The injection of interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) or interleukin 12 (IL-12) instead of the LPS priming injection induced the lethal reaction in mice further challenged with LPS. Antibodies against IFN-gamma when given together with the priming agent, prevented the lethal reaction in mice primed with either LPS, IL-12, or IFN-gamma. Antibodies against IL-12, when given together with the primi

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Parrish, Brooke L., Aaron J. Holliday, Lindsey E. Hulbert, et al. "269 Evaluation of changes in the activity of group-housed nursery pigs exposed to an endotoxin challenge using the NUtrack Livestock Monitoring System." Journal of Animal Science 102, Supplement_3 (2024): 5–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skae234.006.

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Abstract The objective of this study was to evaluate the changes in activity of group-housed, newly weaned, Duroc-sired crossbred commercial pigs exposed to a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge. At weaning, pigs [n = 192, body weight (BW) = 5.73 ± 1.8 kg] were stratified by sex, litter, and weaning weight and randomly assigned to one of three treatment groups (16 pigs/pen, 4 pens/treatment). Treatments were: 1) control – saline-injected (SAL), 2) 50% challenged (LPS50) – one-half of the pigs in a pen (n = 8) were challenged with LPS, the remaining 8 pigs received saline, and 3) 100% LPS challe

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Litvak, N., J. K. Htoo, and C. F. M. de Lange. "Restricting sulfur amino acid intake in growing pigs challenged with lipopolysaccharides decreases plasma protein and albumin synthesis." Canadian Journal of Animal Science 93, no. 4 (2013): 505–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjas2013-014.

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Litvak, N., Htoo, J. K. and de Lange, C. F. M. 2013. Restricting sulfur amino acid intake in growing pigs challenged with lipopolysaccharides decreases plasma protein and albumin synthesis. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 93: 505–515. Chronic subclinical levels of disease occur frequently in swine production and compromise nutrient utilization efficiency. Methionine and cysteine (M+C) are involved in the pig's response to immune system stimulation (ISS), acting as substrates for the synthesis of compounds involved in the immune response, such as acute phase proteins (APP). This study was conducted to deter

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Elsasser, T. H., J. W. Blum та S. Kahl. "Characterization of calves exhibiting a novel inheritable TNF-α hyperresponsiveness to endotoxin: associations with increased pathophysiological complications". Journal of Applied Physiology 98, № 6 (2005): 2045–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.01050.2004.

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A subpopulation of calves, herein termed “hyperresponders” (HPR), was identified and defined by the patterns of plasma TNF-α concentrations that developed following two challenges with endotoxin (LPS, 0.8 μg Escherichia coli 055:B5 LPS/kg0.75live body wt) separated by 5 days. The principle characteristic of HPR calves was a failure to develop tolerance to repeated LPS challenge that was evident in the magnitude of the TNF-α concentrations and prolonged severity of pathological sequellae. Whereas calves failing to develop LPS tolerance were identified on the basis of their excessive in vivo pla

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Mulvanny, Alex, Natalie Jackson, Caroline Pattwell, Sophie Wolosianka, Thomas Southworth, and Dave Singh. "The dose response of inhaled LPS challenge in healthy subjects." European Journal of Inflammation 16 (January 1, 2018): 205873921878482. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2058739218784820.

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Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) inhalation causes neutrophilic airway inflammation. We used LPS produced to Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) standards to characterise the dose response. A total of 15 healthy non-smoking subjects inhaled 5-, 15- and 50-µg LPS. Whole blood cell counts and serum C-reactive protein (CRP) were measured at baseline and up to 24 h post challenge. Sputum was induced at baseline and 6 h post challenge for cell counts and quantification of myeloperoxidase (MPO), interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-8 and tumour necrosis factor α (TNF-α) in supernatants. LPS inhalation was well toler

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Duan, Yehui, Bo Song, Changbing Zheng, et al. "Dietary Beta-Hydroxy Beta-Methyl Butyrate Supplementation Alleviates Liver Injury in Lipopolysaccharide-Challenged Piglets." Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity 2021 (April 1, 2021): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5546843.

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The current study was performed to investigate whether dietary β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate (HMB) could regulate liver injury in a lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) challenged piglet model and to determine the mechanisms involved. Thirty piglets ( 21 ± 2 days old , 5.86 ± 0.18 kg body weight) were randomly divided into the control (a basal diet, saline injection), LPS (a basal diet), or LPS+HMB (a basal diet + 0.60% HMB-Ca) group. After 15 d of treatment with LPS and/or HMB, blood and liver samples were obtained. The results showed that in LPS-injected piglets, HMB supplementation ameliorated liver his

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Pham, Grace, and Keisa Mathis. "Lipopolysaccharide Challenge Reveals Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis Dysfunction in Murine Systemic Lupus Erythematosus." Brain Sciences 8, no. 10 (2018): 184. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci8100184.

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Crosstalk between the brain and innate immune system may be dysregulated in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), a chronic autoimmune disease that presents with dysautonomia and aberrant inflammation. The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis is an endogenous neuro-endocrine-immune pathway that can regulate inflammation following activation of vagal afferents. We hypothesized that chronic inflammatory processes in SLE are in part due to HPA axis dysfunction, at the level of either the afferent vagal-paraventricular nuclei (PVN) interface, the anterior pituitary, and/or at the adrenal glands

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Fisher, R. E., M. Or’Rashid, M. Quinton, et al. "Maternal supplementation with fishmeal protects against late gestation endotoxin-induced fetal programming of the ovine hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis." Journal of Developmental Origins of Health and Disease 5, no. 3 (2014): 206–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2040174414000191.

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Adverse uterine environments caused by maternal stress (such as bacterial endotoxin) can alter programming of the fetal hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis (HPAA) rendering offspring susceptible to various adulthood diseases. Thus, protection against this type of stress may be critical for ensuring offspring health. The present study was designed to determine if maternal supplementation with omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) during pregnancy helps to protect against stress-induced fetal programming. Briefly, 53 ewes were fed a diet supplemented with fishmeal (FM) or soybean meal

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Liu, Jian-xing, Ying Zhang, Miao An, et al. "Diversity of Th1/Th2 immunity in mice with acute lung injury induced by the H1N1 influenza virus and lipopolysaccharides." Journal of Infection in Developing Countries 13, no. 06 (2019): 536–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3855/jidc.10338.

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Introduction: The polarization of T helper (Th) cells plays an important role in the inflammatory response, pathogen removal, and tissue damage processes of infectious acute lung injury (ALI). However, Th cell polarization in viral- or bacterial-mediated ALI is not well defined. Herein, an influenza virus (A/FM/1/47, H1N1) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) were chosen to induce ALI in mice, and the resultant diversity of Th-cell polarization was explored. Methodology: BALB/c mice were challenged intranasally with the influenza virus or LPS. Edema of the lung, infiltration of inflammatory cell

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Fan, Changyou, Jie Han, Xianjun Liu, Fei Zhang, Yingshan Long та Qitao Xie. "Modulation of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α/cyclo-oxygenase-2 pathway associated with attenuation of intestinal mucosa inflammatory damage by Acanthopanax senticosus polysaccharides in lipopolysaccharide-challenged piglets". British Journal of Nutrition 122, № 6 (2019): 666–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114519001363.

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AbstractIntestinal barrier inflammatory damage is commonly accompanied by hypoxia. The hypothesis that dietary Acanthopanax senticosus polysaccharides (ASPS) might modulate the hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) signalling pathway and contribute to attenuate intestinal injury was tested in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-challenged piglets. Thirty-six weaned pigs were randomly allocated to one of the following three groups: (1) basal diet + saline challenge; (2) basal diet + LPS challenge; (3) basal diet with 800 mg/kg ASPS + LPS challenge. LPS was injected at 15, 18 and 21 d, and intestinal sectio

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Burdick Sanchez, Nicole C., Jeffery A. Carroll, Paul R. Broadway, Tom S. Edrington, Ilkyu Yoon, and Craig R. Belknap. "233 NaturSafe® supplementation mitigates some aspects of the acute phase immune response to a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge in weaned beef calves." Journal of Animal Science 98, Supplement_3 (2020): 117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skaa054.199.

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Abstract This study was conducted to determine if feeding calves NaturSafe would reduce the acute phase response (APR) to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge. Crossbred steers (n=32; 274±2 kg) were randomly allotted to two treatment diets: 1) Control, fed a standard receiving ration, and 2) NaturSafe, fed the Control ration supplemented with NaturSafe at 12 g/hd/d (NaturSafe®, Diamond V). On d22, steers were fitted with indwelling jugular catheters and rectal temperature monitoring devices and placed in individual stalls. On d23, steers were challenged i.v. with 0.25 µg/kg BW LPS. Serum samples

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Ramírez DDS, MSc, PhD, Karol, Daniel Quesada-Yamasaki MLS, and Jaime Fornaguera-Trías PhD. "A Protocol to Perform Systemic Lipopolysacharide (LPS) Challenge in Rats." Odovtos - International Journal of Dental Sciences 21, no. 1 (2019): 53–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.15517/ijds.v21i1.35510.

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Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a component of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria. In animals, intraperitoneal administration of LPS, stimulates innate immunity and the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. LPS provides an inflammatory stimulus that activates the neuroimmune and neuroendocrine systems resulting in a set of responses termed sickness behavior. The purpose of this protocol is to describe step-by-step the preparation and procedure of application of intraperitoneal injection of LPS in rats, as a guide for those researchers that want to use this assay to mount an inflammat

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Zhang, Bolin, Qian Yang, Ning Liu, Qingzhen Zhong, and Zewei Sun. "The Effects of Glutamine Supplementation on Liver Inflammatory Response and Protein Metabolism in Muscle of Lipopolysaccharide-Challenged Broilers." Animals 14, no. 3 (2024): 480. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani14030480.

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The aim of our present study was to investigate the effects of Gln supplementation on liver inflammatory responses as well as protein synthesis and degradation in the muscle of LPS-challenged broilers. A total of 120 one-day-old male broiler chickens (Arbor Acres Plus) were randomly arranged in a 2 × 2 factorial design with five replicates per treatment and six broilers per replicate, containing two main factors: immune challenge (injected with LPS in a dose of 0 or 500 µg/kg of body weight) and dietary treatments (supplemented with 1.22% alanine or 1% Gln). After feeding with an alanine or Gl

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Pistol, Gina-Cecilia, Valeria Cristina Bulgaru, Iulian Alexandru Grosu, et al. "Dietary Synbiotic Attenuated the Intestinal Inflammation in Weaned Piglets Challenged with Escherichia coli Lipopolysaccharide." Animals 15, no. 13 (2025): 1832. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani15131832.

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At weaning, piglets deal with numerous changes and stressors, which can lead to reduced feed intake, digestive disturbances, and gut inflammation. In this context, there is a compelling need to develop new and innovative nutritional strategies aimed at restoring intestinal balance in piglets after weaning and controlling the weaning-associated intestinal inflammation. This study investigated the effect of a diet, including a synbiotic additive (a mix of grape seed and camelina meals as the prebiotic and a lactobacilli mixture as the probiotic) on intestinal inflammation in piglets after weanin

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Bos, Lieuwe D. J., Inez C. van Walree, Arend H. J. Kolk, Hans-Gerd Janssen, Peter J. Sterk, and Marcus J. Schultz. "Alterations in exhaled breath metabolite-mixtures in two rat models of lipopolysaccharide-induced lung injury." Journal of Applied Physiology 115, no. 10 (2013): 1487–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00685.2013.

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Exhaled breath contains information on systemic and pulmonary metabolism, which may provide a monitoring tool for the development of lung injury. We aimed to determine the effect of intravenous (iv) and intratracheal (IT) lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge on the exhaled mixture of volatile metabolites and to assess the similarities between these two models. Male adult Sprague-Dawley rats were anesthetized, tracheotomized, and ventilated for 6 h. Lung injury was induced by iv or IT administration of LPS. Exhaled breath was monitored continuously using an electronic nose (eNose), and hourly usi

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Briard, N., F. Dadoun, G. Pommier, et al. "IGF-I/IGFBPs system response to endotoxin challenge in sheep." Journal of Endocrinology 164, no. 3 (2000): 361–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/joe.0.1640361.

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Endotoxin (LPS), a membrane component of gram-negative bacteria produces multiple endocrine and metabolic effects that mimic those seen in acute sepsis. It induces species-dependent alterations of the growth hormone (GH) axis that may participate in the shift of the metabolism towards catabolic events. Humans and sheep show increased GH secretion in response to LPS, as opposed to rats, which have been the most studied. The purpose of our work was to evaluate the effects in intact rams of an acute intravenous administration of a high dose of LPS on the insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I/IGF-bin

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McDonald, Fiona B., Ahmad M. Khawaja, Ahmad A. Imran, Margot E. Ellis, Kumaran Chandrasekharan, and Shabih U. Hasan. "Thermal and cytokine responses to endotoxin challenge during early life." Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 95, no. 12 (2017): 1488–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjpp-2017-0167.

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Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) remains the leading cause of infant mortality beyond the neonatal period. An increase in body temperature as a result of high environmental temperature, overwrapping of infants, and (or) infection are associated with SIDS. Endotoxins such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and heat stress may perturb cardiorespiratory function and thermoregulation. Although LPS-mediated body temperature and cytokine responses are well documented in older animals, the capacity of LPS to induce fever and cytokine response in young rats remains unclear. Therefore, we sought to investi

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Burdick Sanchez, Nicole C., Ty M. Mitchell, Paul R. Broadway, et al. "165 Evaluation of the Use of Prenatal Immune Stimulation on the Ability to Alter Postnatal Immune Function in Weaned Pigs." Journal of Animal Science 101, Supplement_3 (2023): 64–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skad281.078.

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Abstract One of the most lacking areas where improvements can be made in swine production is in the area of swine health. This study was designed to determine whether exposure to low dose endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide; LPS) during gestation can enhance immunity to a subsequent LPS challenge in piglets after weaning. Pregnant Camborough sows (parity: 2.6 ± 1.4) were assigned to prenatal immune stimulation (LPS; n = 7; administered 2.5 µg/kg BW LPS i.m. at d 78 ± 1.8 of gestation) or saline treatment groups (CON; n = 7). From the 2 prenatal treatment groups, barrows (n = 17 LPS, 17 CON) were ide

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Jarlhelt, Ida, Ninette Genster, Nikolaj Kirketerp-Møller, Mikkel-Ole Skjødt, and Peter Garred. "The ficolin response to LPS-challenge in mice." Molecular Immunology 102 (October 2018): 166. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.molimm.2018.06.103.

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Jarlhelt, Ida, Ninette Genster, Nikolaj Kirketerp-Møller, Mikkel-Ole Skjoedt, and Peter Garred. "The ficolin response to LPS challenge in mice." Molecular Immunology 108 (April 2019): 121–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.molimm.2019.02.013.

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ELDRIDGE, M. "246 Allergen challenge enhances LPS-induced nasal inflammation." Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 105, no. 1 (2000): S81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0091-6749(00)90676-6.

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Paidas, Charles N., Maria Lourdes Mooney, Nicholas G. Theodorakis, and Antonio De Maio. "Accelerated recovery after endotoxic challenge in heat shock-pretreated mice." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 282, no. 5 (2002): R1374—R1381. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00280.2001.

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The inflammatory response induced by bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) has profound metabolic and physiological effects. Thus hepatic glucose production is depressed after LPS administration, which is, at least in part, due to the downregulation of phospho enolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) expression. PEPCK is a key regulatory enzyme of the gluconeogenic pathway. Expression of heat shock proteins (hsps) is a well-conserved response to stress correlated with protection from subsequent insults including inflammation. In this study, the expression of PEPCK was observed to be preserved after inj

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Liu, Guangmang, Jingyuan Tao, Jiajia Lu, et al. "Dietary Tryptophan Supplementation Improves Antioxidant Status and Alleviates Inflammation, Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress, Apoptosis, and Pyroptosis in the Intestine of Piglets after Lipopolysaccharide Challenge." Antioxidants 11, no. 5 (2022): 872. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox11050872.

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Tryptophan can alleviate stress and improve intestinal health, but the precise mechanism has not been fully elucidated. This study aimed to examine the effects of tryptophan supplementation on antioxidant status, inflammation, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, apoptosis, and pyroptosis signaling pathway in the intestine of piglets after Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge. Thirty-two weaning piglets were allotted to four treatments including: non-challenged control, LPS-challenged control, LPS + 0.2% tryptophan and LPS + 0.4% tryptophan. On day 35 of feeding, piglets were inje

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Parmely, Michael J., Fuan Wang, and Douglas Wright. "Gamma Interferon Prevents the Inhibitory Effects of Oxidative Stress on Host Responses to Escherichia coliInfection." Infection and Immunity 69, no. 4 (2001): 2621–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.69.4.2621-2629.2001.

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ABSTRACT Oxidative stress occurs in animals challenged with bacterial endotoxin and can affect the expression of important host inflammatory genes. However, much less is known about the effects of oxidative stress on responses to gram-negative bacteria. The current study compared the effects of redox imbalance on hepatic responses of mice to Escherichia coli bacteria versus purified endotoxic lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Oxidative stress induced by glutathione depletion virtually eliminated hepatic tumor necrosis factor alpha responses to both E. coli and LPS. Inducible NO synthase (iNOS) and int

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Harshman, Jared A., Scott D. Carter, Pornpim Aparachita, Taw Scaff, and Chris van de Ligt. "115 Effects of a Chronic Lipopolysaccharide Challenge on Growth Performance and Immune Response of Nursery Pigs Fed Differing Sources of Dietary Zinc." Journal of Animal Science 100, Supplement_2 (2022): 52–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skac064.083.

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Abstract Two experiments were conducted to determine the effects of zinc source on growth performance and immune response during a chronic lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge. Each study utilized 180 pigs (5.2 kg, 18-21 d) in a 42-d experiment. Pigs were allocated to pens (10 pigs/pen; 5 pens/trt) and pens were randomly assigned to 4 treatments on d 0. Three dietary treatments consisted of the addition of 100 ppm of added zinc from 3 sources (ZnHydroxyCl, ZnSO4, and ZnO). On d 29, 31, 33 and 35 of the study, challenged pigs were injected intramuscularly with LPS (10 ug/kg BW). Additionally, a c

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GAO, YU-YUN, LI-ZHEN CHEN, JIE ZHANG, et al. "Effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge on antioxidant capability of broiler chickens." Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 88, no. 9 (2018): 1070–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.56093/ijans.v88i9.83552.

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This study was designed to investigate the effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge on antioxidant capability (superoxide dismutase, SOD; catalase, CAT; glutathione peroxidase, GPX; and reduced glutathione to oxidized glutathione, GSH/GSSG) and induce the model of immunological stress in broiler chickens. Day-old, yellowfeathered broilers (140) were randomly assigned to 2 treatments with 7 replicates of 10 chicks each. At day 21, 23, 25 and 27, chicks were injected with LPS and blood samples were collected after 24 h. Chicks (2) from each replicate were killed, and liver and jejunum sampl

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Xu, Xiao, Hongwei Hua, Longmei Wang, et al. "Holly polyphenols alleviate intestinal inflammation and alter microbiota composition in lipopolysaccharide-challenged pigs." British Journal of Nutrition 123, no. 8 (2020): 881–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114520000082.

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AbstractThe effect of holly polyphenols (HP) on intestinal inflammation and microbiota composition was evaluated in a piglet model of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced intestinal injury. A total of twenty-four piglets were used in a 2 × 2 factorial design including diet type and LPS challenge. After 16 d of feeding with a basal diet supplemented with or without 250 mg/kg HP, pigs were challenged with LPS (100 μg/kg body weight) or an equal volume of saline for 4 h, followed by analysis of disaccharidase activities, gene expression levels of several representative tight junction proteins and inf

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Goto, Masakatsu, Lucy V. Deriy, Yong J. Chen та ін. "TNF-α increases sensitivity to LPS in chronically catheterized rats". American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 280, № 6 (2001): H2857—H2862. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.2001.280.6.h2857.

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Patients with severe trauma injury are transiently exposed to increased serum concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). These patients are susceptible to the development of multisystem organ failure (MSOF) triggered by subsequent exposure to bacterial toxins either via infection or increased intestinal permeability. We simulated the cytokine response of trauma by infusing 0.8 or 8.0 μg/kg of TNF-α (priming dose) into chronically catheterized rats. After 48 h, rats were challenged with endotoxin [lipopolysaccharide (LPS); 10 or 1,000 μg/kg]. Animals primed with either dose of TNF-α and

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Bao, Ruiying, Pingfei Qiu, Yanrong Hu, et al. "Oxidative Stress Model of Lipopolysaccharide-Challenge in Piglets of Wuzhishan Miniature Pig." Veterinary Sciences 12, no. 8 (2025): 694. https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci12080694.

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Oxidative stress (OS) is a major concern in young poultry and livestock, prompting extensive research on OS models. This study aimed to systematically investigate the dynamic effects and temporal trends of OS induced with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) over time. Twenty-eight piglets were randomly divided into four groups and equally intraperitoneally injected with LPS at doses of 0 μg/kg (control), 50 μg/kg (L-LPS), 100 μg/kg (M-LPS) and 150 μg/kg (H-LPS) body weight, respectively. The results showed that total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD), and catalase (CAT) wer

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Wellnitz, Olga, Amandine Baumert, Machabbat Saudenowa, and Rupert M. Bruckmaier. "Immune response of bovine milk somatic cells to endotoxin in healthy quarters with normal and very low cell counts." Journal of Dairy Research 77, no. 4 (2010): 452–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022029910000348.

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Low somatic cell count (SCC) is a reliable indicator of high-quality milk free of pathogenic microorganisms. Thus, an important goal in dairy practice is to produce milk with low SCC. Selection for cows with low SCC can sometimes lead to extremely low SCC in single quarters. The cells in milk are, however, predominantly immune cells with important immune functions. To investigate the mammary immune competence of quarters with very low SCC, healthy udder quarters of cows with normal SCC of (40–100)×103cells/ml and very low SCC of <20×103cells/ml were challenged with lipopolysaccharide (LPS)

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Netea, Mihai G., Bart Jan Kullberg, Willem L. Blok, Romana T. Netea, and Jos W.M. Van der Meer. "The Role of Hyperuricemia in the Increased Cytokine Production After Lipopolysaccharide Challenge in Neutropenic Mice." Blood 89, no. 2 (1997): 577–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v89.2.577.

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Abstract Patients with severe granulocytopenia are more susceptible to severe infections and sepsis. Proinflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF ), interleukin-1α (IL-1α), and IL-1β play an important role in the pathophysiology of sepsis. The profile of these proinflammatory cytokines after lipopolysccharide (LPS) challenge in cyclophosphamide-induced neutropenic mice was assessed, and possible mechanisms responsible for the modified cytokine production were studied. After LPS, both circulating concentrations of TNF and IL-1α in neutropenic mice were 50% to 200% higher than

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Fensterheim, Benjamin, Julia Bohannon, Yin Guo, and Edward Sherwood. "MyD88-associated Toll-like receptor ligands prime macrophage metabolism for infection." Journal of Immunology 196, no. 1_Supplement (2016): 203.24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.196.supp.203.24.

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Abstract Toll-like receptor (TLR) ligands protect mice against an upcoming infection if administered prophylactically, however the mechanism of protection remains undefined. Here, we probed how TLR ligands alter the metabolic response of macrophages to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge or infection. Wild type (WT), MyD88 knockout (KO), and TRIF KO murine bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) were pretreated with LPS, monophosphoryl lipid A (MPLA), CpG DNA, or poly(I:C), and, after a washout period, challenged with LPS. Additionally, WT mice were treated with TLR ligands and infected with in

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Li, Chao, Yanping Wang, Xueyan Zhao, et al. "Comparative Analysis of Intestinal Inflammation and Microbiota Dysbiosis of LPS-Challenged Piglets between Different Breeds." Animals 14, no. 5 (2024): 665. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani14050665.

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Post-weaning diarrhea is common in piglets, causing huge economic losses worldwide. Associations between LPS challenge, intestinal inflammation, and microbiota have been reported in Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire (DLY) crossbred pigs. However, the effects of LPS challenge in other breeds remain unclear. In the current study, we performed a comprehensive comparative analysis of the effects of LPS challenge on jejunal mucosal morphology, jejunal microbial composition, and serum indexes in two pig breeds: DLY and Heigai, an indigenous Chinese breed. The results showed that LPS caused considerable d

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Zhang, Bolin, Qingzhen Zhong, Ning Liu, et al. "Dietary Glutamine Supplementation Alleviated Inflammation Responses and Improved Intestinal Mucosa Barrier of LPS-Challenged Broilers." Animals 12, no. 13 (2022): 1729. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani12131729.

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The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of glutamine (Gln) supplementation on intestinal inflammatory reaction and mucosa barrier of broilers administrated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimuli. A total of 120 1-d-old male broilers were randomly divided into four treatments in a 2 × 2 experimental arrangement, containing immune challenge (injected with LPS in a dose of 0 or 500 μg/kg of body weight) and dietary treatments (supplemented with 1.22% alanine or 1% Gln). The results showed that growth performance of broilers intra-abdominally injected with LPS was impaired, and G

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Jiang, Jingle, Lina Qi, Zengpeng Lv, Song Jin, Xihui Wei, and Fangxiong Shi. "Dietary Stevioside Supplementation Alleviates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Intestinal Mucosal Damage through Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Effects in Broiler Chickens." Antioxidants 8, no. 12 (2019): 575. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox8120575.

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The study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary stevioside (STE) supplementation on the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced intestinal mucosal damage of broiler chickens. A total of 192 one-day-old male Ross 308 broiler chicks were randomly divided into four treatments: (1) basal diet (CON); (2) basal diet supplemented with 250 mg/kg stevioside (STE); (3) basal diet + LPS-challenge (LPS); (4) basal diet supplemented with 250 mg/kg stevioside + LPS-challenge (LPS + STE). LPS-challenged groups received an intraperitoneal injection of LPS at 17, 19 and 21 d, whereas the CON and STE gro

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McClure, L., A. E. O’Connor, S. Hayward, G. Jenkin, D. W. Walker, and D. J. Phillips. "Effects of age and pregnancy on the circulatory activin response of sheep to acute inflammatory challenge by lipopolysaccharide." Journal of Endocrinology 185, no. 1 (2005): 139–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/joe.1.06051.

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The release of activin A in response to intravenous injection of the bacterial cell-wall component lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was investigated in an ovine model of acute inflammatory challenge in newborn and adult sheep, and in non-pregnant and pregnant ewes. Neonatal lambs (<20 days of age) showed a quantitatively similar response in terms of circulating concentrations of activin A, its binding protein follistatin and the cytokine interleukin-6 compared with adult ewes challenged with an equivalent dose (300 ng/kg bodyweight) of LPS. The fever response and plasma tumour necrosis factor-α rel

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Yi, Dan, Yongqing Hou, Lei Wang, et al. "DietaryN-acetylcysteine supplementation alleviates liver injury in lipopolysaccharide-challenged piglets." British Journal of Nutrition 111, no. 1 (2013): 46–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114513002171.

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The present study was carried out to determine whetherN-acetylcysteine (NAC) could modulate liver injury in a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-challenged piglet model. For this purpose, eighteen piglets were randomly assigned to the control, LPS or NAC group. Piglets in the control and LPS groups were fed a basal diet, whereas those in the NAC group were fed the basal diet supplemented with 500 mg/kg NAC. On days 10, 13 and 20 of the trial, the LPS- and NAC-treated piglets were intraperitoneally administered LPS (100 μg/kg body weight), while the control group was administered the same volume of salin

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Horgan, M. J., G. P. Palace, J. E. Everitt, and A. B. Malik. "TNF-alpha release in endotoxemia contributes to neutrophil-dependent pulmonary edema." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 264, no. 4 (1993): H1161—H1165. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.1993.264.4.h1161.

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We examined whether the generation of tumor necrosis factor (TNF-alpha) after lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge contributes to increases in lung vascular permeability and water content. Guinea pig lungs perfused at constant flow with Ringer-albumin solution (0.5 g/100 ml) were challenged for 120 min with LPS (Escherichia coli; final concentration 33 ng/ml; n = 5). Lung effluent samples were assayed for TNF-alpha activity using the modified L-929 fibroblast cytolytic assay. TNF-alpha concentrations increased in a time-dependent manner with a peak value of 100 +/- 20 pg/ml noted 90-120 min afte

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