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Ning, Xuan Jie, Hai Zhao, Mao Fan Yang, and Hua Feng Chai. "A Link Evaluation Method Employing Statistical Means of Received Signal Strength Indicator and Link Quality Indicator for Wireless Sensor Networks." Applied Mechanics and Materials 470 (December 2013): 722–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.470.722.
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This paper is concerned with a wireless receiving link evaluation method using statistical means of received signal strength indicator (RSSI) and link quality indicator (LQI) based on the IEEE 802.15.4 protocol for wireless sensor networks. Traditional methods using single RSSI and single LQI based on the IEEE 802.11 protocol have the disadvantage of the inaccurate evaluation. In this paper, we carry out a quantitative emulation experiment via computing statistical means of RSSI and LQI based on wireless sensor networks protocol of IEEE 802.15.4. Tested numerical values are analyzed using MATLAB and SPSS by defining the wireless link evaluation sensitivity. Result curves of RSSI to packet reception rate (PRR) and LQI to PRR we finally derive are shown that statistical means of RSSI and LQI can obtain the status information of receiving links more accurately, compared with the traditional wireless link evaluation using single RSSI and single LQI.
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Liu, Wei, Yu Xia, Daqing Zheng, Jian Xie, Rong Luo, and Shunren Hu. "Environmental Impacts on Hardware-Based Link Quality Estimators in Wireless Sensor Networks." Sensors 20, no. 18 (September 17, 2020): 5327. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20185327.
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Hardware-based link quality estimators (LQEs) in wireless sensor networks generally use physical layer parameters to estimate packet reception ratio, which has advantages of high agility and low overhead. However, many existing studies didn’t consider the impacts of environmental changes on the applicability of these estimators. This paper compares the performance of typical hardware-based LQEs in different environments. Meanwhile, aiming at the problematic Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) calculation used in existing studies, a more reasonable calculation method is proposed. The results show that it is not accurate to estimate the packet reception rate using the communication distance, and it may be useless when the environment changes. Meanwhile, the fluctuation range of the Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) and SNR will be affected and that of Link Quality Indicator (LQI) is almost unchanged. The performance of RSSI based LQEs may degrade when the environment changes. Fortunately, this degradation is mainly caused by the change of background noise, which could be compensated conveniently. The best environmental adaptability is gained by LQI and SNR based LQEs, as they are almost unaffected when the environment changes. Moreover, LQI based LQEs are more accurate than SNR based ones in the transitional region. Nevertheless, compared with SNR, the fluctuation range of LQI is much larger, which needs a larger smoothing window to converge. In addition, the calculation of LQI is typically vendor-specific. Therefore, the tradeoff between accuracy, agility, and convenience should be considered in practice.
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Li, Jie, Yang Pan, Shijian Ni, and Feng Wang. "A Hybrid Reliable Routing Algorithm Based on LQI and PRR in Industrial Wireless Networks." Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 2021 (September 4, 2021): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6039900.
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In Industrial Wireless Networks (IWNs), the communication through Machine-to-Machine (M2M) is often affected by the noise in the industrial environment, which leads to the decline of communication reliability. In this paper, we investigate how to improve route stability through M2M in an industrial environment. We first compare different link quality estimations, such as Signal-Noise Ratio (SNR), Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI), Link Quality Indicator (LQI), Packet Reception Ratio (PRR), and Expected Transmission Count (ETX). We then propose a link quality estimation combining LQI and PRR. Finally, we propose a Hybrid Link Quality Estimation-Based Reliable Routing (HLQEBRR) algorithm for IWNs, with the object of maximizing link stability. In addition, HLQEBRR provides a recovery mechanism to detect node failure, which improves the speed and accuracy of node recovery. OMNeT++-based simulation results demonstrate that our HLQEBRR algorithm significantly outperforms the Collection Tree Protocol (CTP) algorithm in terms of end-to-end transmission delay and packet loss ratio, and the HLQEBRR algorithm achieves higher reliability at a small additional cost.
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Zhang, Jie, Wu Jun Yao, and Hai Bin Yang. "An Adaptive Error Control Scheme in Wireless Sensor Networks Based on LQI." Applied Mechanics and Materials 263-266 (December 2012): 915–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.263-266.915.
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Aiming at the character of high bit error rate and energy constraints on WSN, this paper proposed an adaptive error control scheme based on link quality indicator(LQI). The PHY specification of IEEE802.15.4 provided accurate measurement of channel quality for WSN, according to the quantitative relationship between LQI and bit error rate, this paper divided the channel quality into eight levels non-uniformly, furthermore, eight different BCH code were chosen correspondingly. The motes choose optimal BCH code as its error correction scheme in real time. Experimental results show the scheme is high in energy efficiency, meanwhile, drops the error probability effectively.
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Bronk, Krzysztof, Adam Lipka, and Rafał Niski. "Link Quality Assessment Algorithm for Heterogeneous Self-organizing Maritime Communications Network." Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology 2 (June 29, 2018): 32–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.26636/jtit.2018.121217.
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The article introduces a method of performing a radio link quality assessment based on the Link Quality Indicator (LQI) which will be calculated for every system that is available. The method presented has been developed during the netBaltic project completed in Poland and generally applies to the so-called maritime zone A, i.e. the sea area where ships are still within the range of shore-based radio communication systems, particularly 3G/LTE cellular networks. The algorithm was developed based on the results of measurements obtained during two separate campaigns. That measurement data served as a basis for the method’s initial assumptions and was utilized during the method’s verification.
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El Madani, Bouchra, Anne Paule Yao, and Abdelouahid Lyhyaoui. "Combining Kalman Filtering with ZigBee Protocol to Improve Localization in Wireless Sensor Network." ISRN Sensor Networks 2013 (March 21, 2013): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/252056.
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We propose a low-cost and low-power-consumption localization scheme for ZigBee-based wireless sensor networks (WSNs). Our design is based on the link quality indicator (LQI)—a standard feature of the ZigBee protocol—for ranging and the ratiometric vector iteration (RVI)—a light-weight distributed algorithm—modified to work with LQI measurements. To improve performance and quality of this system, we propose three main ideas: a cooperative approach, a coefficient delta () to regulate the speed of convergence of the algorithm, and finally the filtering process with the extended Kalman filter. The results of experiment simulations show acceptable localization performance and illustrate the accuracy of this method.
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Joana Halder, Sharly, and Wooju Kim. "A Fusion Approach of RSSI and LQI for Indoor Localization System Using Adaptive Smoothers." Journal of Computer Networks and Communications 2012 (2012): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/790374.
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Due to the ease of development and inexpensiveness, indoor localization systems are getting a significant attention but, with recent advancement in context and location aware technologies, the solutions for indoor tracking and localization had become more critical. Ranging methods play a basic role in the localization system, in which received signal strength indicator- (RSSI-) based ranging technique gets the most attraction. To predict the position of an unknown node, RSSI measurement is an easy and reliable method for distance estimation. In indoor environments, the accuracy of the RSSI-based localization method is affected by strong variation, specially often containing substantial amounts of metal and other such reflective materials that affect the propagation of radio-frequency signals in nontrivial ways, causing multipath effects, dead spots, noise, and interference. This paper proposes an adaptive smoother based location and tracking algorithm for indoor positioning by making fusion of RSSI and link quality indicator (LQI), which is particularly well suited to support context aware computing. The experimental results showed that the proposed mathematical method can reduce the average error around 25%, and it is always better than the other existing interference avoidance algorithms.
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Li, Xiaoyu, Osamu Yoshie, and Daoping Huang. "A passive method for privacy protection in the perceptual layer of IoTs." International Journal of Pervasive Computing and Communications 13, no. 2 (June 5, 2017): 194–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijpcc-03-2017-0025.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to detect the existence of unknown wireless devices which could result negative means to the privacy. The perceptual layer of internet of things (IoTs) suffers the most significant privacy disclosing because of limited hardware resources, huge quantity and wide varieties of sensing equipment. Determining whether there are unknown wireless devices in the communicating environment is an effective method to implement the privacy protection for the perceptual layer of IoTs. Design/methodology/approach The authors use horizontal hierarchy slicing (HHS) algorithm to extract the morphology feature of signals. Meanwhile, partitioning around medoids algorithm is used to cluster the HHS curves and agglomerative hierarchical clustering algorithm is utilized to distinguish final results. Link quality indicator (LQI) data are chosen as the network parameters in this research. Findings Nowadays data encryption and anonymization are the most common methods to protect private information for the perceptual layer of IoTs. However, these efforts are ineffective to avoid privacy disclosure if the communication environment exists unknown wireless nodes which could be malicious devices. How to detect these unknown wireless devices in the communication environment is a valuable topic in the further research. Originality/value The authors derive an innovative and passive unknown wireless devices detection method based on the mathematical morphology and machine learning algorithms to detect the existence of unknown wireless devices which could result negative means to the privacy. The simulation results show their effectiveness in privacy protection.
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Luo, Jian, Liu Yu, Dafang Zhang, Zhen Xia, and Wei Chen. "A New Link Quality Estimation Mechanism Based on LQI in WSN." Information Technology Journal 12, no. 8 (April 1, 2013): 1626–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/itj.2013.1626.1631.
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Jia, Chenhao, Linlan Liu, Xiaole Gu, and Manlan Liu. "A novel link quality prediction algorithm for wireless sensor networks." Computer Science and Information Systems 14, no. 3 (2017): 719–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/csis161220025j.
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Ahead knowledge of link quality can reduce the energy consumption of wireless sensor networks. In this paper, we propose a cloud reasoning-based link quality prediction algorithm for wireless sensor networks. A large number of link quality samples are collected from different scenarios, and their RSSI, LQI, SNR and PRR parameters are classified by a self-adaptive Gaussian cloud transformation algorithm. Taking the limitation of nodes? resources into consideration, the Apriori algorithm is applied to determine association rules between physical layer and link layer parameters. A cloud reasoning algorithm that considers both short- and long-term time dimensions and current and historical cloud models is then proposed to predict link quality. Compared with the existing window mean exponentially weighted method, the proposed algorithm captures link changes more accurately, facilitating more stable prediction of link quality
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Kim, Jin Wook, and Yong Hum You. "A Development of LQI(Living Quality Indicator) System for High-rise Residential Building." Journal of korean society of hazard mitigation 12, no. 1 (February 29, 2012): 31–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.9798/kosham.2012.12.1.031.
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You, Yong Heum, Jin Wook Kim, and Seung Woo Jung. "A Study on the Weights Development of LQI(Living Quality Indicator) Indicators for High-rise Residential Building." Journal of Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation 12, no. 6 (December 31, 2012): 107–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.9798/kosham.2012.12.6.107.
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Mohamed, Bouyahi, Zrelli Amira, Rezig Houria, and Ezzedine Tahar. "Impact of Energy and Link Quality Indicator with Link Quality Estimators in Wireless Sensor Networks." International Journal on Applications of Graph Theory In wireless Ad Hoc Networks And sensor Networks 6, no. 4 (December 31, 2014): 23–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.5121/jgraphoc.2014.6403.
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Ręklewski, Marek, and Maciej Ryczkowski. "The Polish Regional Labour Market Welfare Indicator And Its Links To Other Well-being Measures." Comparative Economic Research. Central and Eastern Europe 19, no. 3 (September 30, 2016): 113–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cer-2016-0023.
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We propose and construct an indicator of labour market well-being in Poland for the year 2013. The indicator is positively related to the degree of civilizational welfare, social welfare, material welfare and psychological wellbeing in Poland. We conclude that ameliorating the labour market situation improves the quality of the public’s life. The link between our labour market indicator and the total fertility rate turned out to be statistically insignificant.
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Isokawa, Teijiro, Shun Motomura, Junya Ohtsuka, Hironobu Kawa, Satoshi Nakashima, Naotake Kamiura, and Nobuyuki Matsui. "An Anchor-Free Localization Scheme with Kalman Filtering in ZigBee Sensor Network." ISRN Sensor Networks 2013 (February 28, 2013): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/356231.
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A localization scheme for wireless sensor networks is proposed and its performances are investigated in this paper. The proposed scheme is an anchor-free scheme, in which no geometrical information of sensor nodes is required for their localization. Thus, only local interaction among sensor nodes is used to estimate their locations. This scheme employs the link quality indicator and hop count between sensor nodes for location estimation. A weighted averaging and Kalman filtering schemes are incorporated in order to reduce the effects of the measurement errors in the obtained values of the link quality indicator. We performed experiments by implementing the proposed scheme on ZigBee sensor modules. The results of our experiments indicate that estimation could be successfully performed for networks comprising four sensor nodes.
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Kim, Hyojin, Nicolas Surdyk, Ingelise Møller, Morten Graversgaard, Gitte Blicher-Mathiesen, Abel Henriot, Tommy Dalgaard, and Birgitte Hansen. "Lag Time as an Indicator of the Link between Agricultural Pressure and Drinking Water Quality State." Water 12, no. 9 (August 25, 2020): 2385. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12092385.
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Diffuse nitrogen (N) pollution from agriculture in groundwater and surface water is a major challenge in terms of meeting drinking water targets in many parts of Europe. A bottom-up approach involving local stakeholders may be more effective than national- or European-level approaches for addressing local drinking water issues. Common understanding of the causal relationship between agricultural pressure and water quality state, e.g., nitrate pollution among the stakeholders, is necessary to define realistic goals of drinking water protection plans and to motivate the stakeholders; however, it is often challenging to obtain. Therefore, to link agricultural pressure and water quality state, we analyzed lag times between soil surface N surplus and groundwater chemistry using a cross correlation analysis method of three case study sites with groundwater-based drinking water abstraction: Tunø and Aalborg-Drastrup in Denmark and La Voulzie in France. At these sites, various mitigation measures have been implemented since the 1980s at local to national scales, resulting in a decrease of soil surface N surplus, with long-term monitoring data also being available to reveal the water quality responses. The lag times continuously increased with an increasing distance from the N source in Tunø (from 0 to 20 years between 1.2 and 24 m below the land surface; mbls) and La Voulzie (from 8 to 24 years along downstream), while in Aalborg-Drastrup, the lag times showed a greater variability with depth—for instance, 23-year lag time at 9–17 mbls and 4-year lag time at 21–23 mbls. These spatial patterns were interpreted, finding that in Tunø and La Voulzie, matrix flow is the dominant pathway of nitrate, whereas in Aalborg-Drastrup, both matrix and fracture flows are important pathways. The lag times estimated in this study were comparable to groundwater ages measured by chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs); however, they may provide different information to the stakeholders. The lag time may indicate a wait time for detecting the effects of an implemented protection plan while groundwater age, which is the mean residence time of a water body that is a mixture of significantly different ages, may be useful for planning the time scale of water protection programs. We conclude that the lag time may be a useful indicator to reveal the hydrogeological links between the agricultural pressure and water quality state, which is fundamental for a successful implementation of drinking water protection plans.
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Kuznetsov, A. P., and H. J. Koriath. "THERMAL STIFFNESS – A KEY ACCURACY INDICATOR OF MACHINE TOOLS." MM Science Journal 2021, no. 3 (June 30, 2021): 4548–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.17973/mmsj.2021_7_2021058.
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Static and dynamic stiffness [N/m] determine the ability of solids to resist constant and variable loads. Both elastic characteristics of a machine tool effect their quality assessment. Thermal stiffness (comprising heat stiffness and temperature stiffness) [W/µm] is a key accuracy indicator of the machine tool's ability to resist temperature influences. The proposed method creates the thermo-physical structure of a machine tool, based on a set of homogeneous heat-active elements and quasi-thermostable links. Quasi-thermostable links retain constant properties when the thermal state of the heat-active elements changes within a given range, building and determining their spatial and temporal relative position. The structural formula is given: < S-thermal link > -<F-function of the thermal behavior of a heat-active element > - <S-thermal link>. When exposed to heat, heat-active elements change their temperature and thermoelastic properties change their temperature and thermoelastic properties with stress, strain, distortion. Thermal behavior F-functions characterize these changes over time. Thermal energy causes a heat exchange in the machine tool and leads to temperature differences, thermoelastic stresses and geometrical deformations. The material used in machine tools enables the thermal conduction, convection and radiation due to its dimensions, volume and surface area, thermal conductivity. Elasticity effects base on thermal linear expansion coefficient, modulus of elasticity, thermal energy storage due to its heat capacity. The analysis of the structural formula defines and describes generalized thermal stiffness indicators of a machine tool as a reaction to thermal effects when the heat sources are constantly active and when the heat source is absent, but only the ambient temperature changes. This paper presents relationships between the thermal stiffness and the thermo-physical property indicators of the machine tool. Examples of thermal stiffness are described for several machine tool types.
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KICHIGIN, Viktor I., and Sergey N. SKOROKHODOV. "APPLICABILITY OF WATER ζ - POTENTIAL AS ITS POLLUTION DENSITY CHARACTERISTICS." Urban construction and architecture 7, no. 3 (September 15, 2017): 28–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.17673/vestnik.2017.03.6.
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The paper discusses advantages and disadvantages of existing methods for determining water quality. It proposes to use electro-kinetic capacity as a key indicator together with cluster analysis of obtained results. It is shown, that according to such indicators as pH, turbidity, alkalinity, general rigidity, content of ion Ca2+, Mg2+, the quality of drinking water in Samara is stable and consistent with existing standards. The research reveals some zeta-potential (ZP) dependence on water pollution density. It was shown that the link between zeta-potential and various kinds of contamination in drinking water is underexplored and requires further detailed study.
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Klaina, Hicham, Ana Vazquez Alejos, Otman Aghzout, and Francisco Falcone. "Narrowband Characterization of Near-Ground Radio Channel for Wireless Sensors Networks at 5G-IoT Bands." Sensors 18, no. 8 (July 26, 2018): 2428. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s18082428.
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In this contribution, a narrowband radio channel model is proposed for rural scenarios in which the radio link operates under near-ground conditions for application in wireless sensor networks dedicated to smart agriculture. The received power attenuation was measured for both transmitter and receiver antennas placed at two different heights above ground: 0.2 and 0.4 m. Three frequency ranges, proposed for future 5G-IoT use case in agriculture, were chosen: 868 MHz, 2.4 GHz and 5.8 GHz. Three ground coverings were tested in a rural scenario: soil, short and tall grass fields. The path loss was then estimated as dependent of the radio link range and a three-slope log-normal path loss model was tailored. Results are explained in terms of the first Fresnel zone obstruction. Commercial Zigbee sensor nodes operating at 2.4 GHz were used in a second experiment to estimate the link quality from the experimental Radio Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) received values. Two sensor nodes were placed at the same elevation above ground as in the previous experiment, only for short grass field case. The Quality of Service performance was determined in terms of theoretical bit error rate achieved for different digital modulations—BPSK, 8PSK and 16QAM—concluding remarkable results for an obstructed radio link.
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Danböck and Werner. "Cardiac Vagal Control, Regulatory Processes and Depressive Symptoms: Re-Investigating the Moderating Role of Sleep Quality." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 21 (October 23, 2019): 4067. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16214067.
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Lower cardiac vagal control (CVC), which is often understood as an indicator for impaired regulatory processes, is assumed to predict the development of depressive symptoms. As this link has not been consistently demonstrated, sleep quality has been proposed as a moderating factor. However, previous studies were limited by non-representative samples, cross-sectional data, and focused on CVC as a physiological indicator for impaired regulatory processes, but neglected corresponding subjective measures. Therefore, we investigated whether sleep quality moderates the effects of CVC (quantified by high-frequency heart rate variability) and self-reported regulatory processes (self- and emotion-regulation) on concurrent depressive symptoms and on depressive symptoms after three months in a representative sample (N = 125). Significant interactions between CVC and sleep quality (in women only), as well as self-/emotion-regulation and sleep quality emerged, whereby higher sleep quality attenuated the relation between all risk factors and current depressive symptoms (cross-sectional data). However, there were no significant interactions between those variables in predicting depressive symptoms three months later (longitudinal data). Our cross-sectional findings extend previous findings on sleep quality as a protective factor against depressive symptoms in the presence of lower CVC and subjective indices of impaired regulatory processes. In contrast, our conflicting longitudinal results stress the need for further investigations.
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Khan, Shehnaz, and Carol C. Cheung. "The adaptation of AABACUS for quality improvement in laboratory workflow analysis ('L-AABACUS')." Journal of Clinical Pathology 72, no. 3 (February 19, 2019): 237–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jclinpath-2019-205725.
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The ability to effectively monitor key indicators is important for continuous quality improvement in laboratory immunohistochemistry. This article deals specifically with laboratory turnaround time (TAT) as a key delivery indicator and the impact of laboratory workflow on laboratory TATs. While our laboratory has traditionally relied on the manual calculation of slide-TAT (S-TAT) to monitor delivery, we have determined that automated calculation of case-TAT (C-TAT) would be superior as a delivery indicator. AABACUS (Automatable Activity-Based Approach to Complexity Unit Scoring) is an activity-based workload model designed to function primarily as a decision support tool to monitor pathologist staffing levels. We devised a high-level proof-of-principle approach to determine whether it is possible to apply AABACUS as a decision support tool for quality improvement through analysis of alternative laboratory workflows that have potential to impact C-TAT. Our use of AABACUS in this proof-of-principle quality improvement endeavour was two-fold: (1) we leveraged the ability of AABACUS to link data at the slide level to data at the case level, which enabled the automated calculation of C-TAT; and (2) we adapted AABACUS to evaluate the impact of laboratory workflow activities (specifically workflow bifurcation activities) on the calculated C-TATs. We have coined the term 'L-AABACUS' to describe the adaptation of AABACUS to the analysis of laboratory workflow.
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Wang, Haijing, Fangfang Zhang, and Wenli Zhang. "Human Detection through RSSI Processing with Packet Dropout in Wireless Sensor Network." Journal of Sensors 2020 (September 21, 2020): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/4758103.
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This paper presents a device-free human detection method for using Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) measurement of Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) with packet dropout based on ZigBee. Packet loss is observed to be a familiar phenomenon with transmissions of WSNs. The packet reception rate (PRR) based on a large number of data packets cannot reflect the real-time link quality accurately. So this paper firstly raises a real-time RSSI link quality evaluation method based on the exponential smoothing method. Then, a device-free human detection method is proposed. Compared to conventional solutions which utilize a complex set of sensors for detection, the proposed approach achieves the same only by RSSI volatility. The intermittent Karman algorithm is used to filter RSSI fluctuation caused by environment and other factors in data packets loss situation, and online learning is adopted to set algorithm parameters considering environmental changes. The experimental measurements are conducted in laboratory. A high-quality network based on ZigBee is obtained, and then, RSSI can be calculated from the receive sensor modules. Experimental results show the uncertainty of RSSI change at the moment of human through the network area and confirm the validity of the detection method.
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Aries, Arslan Kamil, Budi Widyanto, and Sudirman Sudirman. "LITERATUR REVIEW : KUALITAS HIDUP PASIEN LEUKEMIA." Jurnal Ilmu Keperawatan Medikal Bedah 3, no. 2 (November 30, 2020): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.32584/jikmb.v3i2.537.
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Leukemia is a malignant disease that attacks the hematopoiesis system, causing uncontrolled blood cell proliferation. Quality of life is one indicator that can be used to see the welfare conditions of patients suffering from chronic diseases such as leukemia. This review literature aims to find out the factors that influence the quality of life of leukemia patients. Literature search through Google Scholar, EBSCO, Springer Link, Elsevier, Sage databases using keywords: factors, quality of life, leukemia. The journals taken have a range from 2018 to 2020, which are then filtered according to the inclusion criteria set by the author. The results of the review indicate that there are several factors that affect the quality of life in leukemia patients, namely the therapeutic treatment undertaken, the patient's environment, and the role of care giver. Proper management of leukemia patients will improve the quality of life of these patients, and vice versa.
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Wither, A., M. Rehfisch, and G. Austin. "The impact of bird populations on the microbiological quality of bathing waters." Water Science and Technology 51, no. 3-4 (February 1, 2005): 199–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2005.0592.
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To ensure optimum quality at Bathing Waters, the control of diffuse sources of bacterial contamination is receiving increasing attention. As part of an initiative to improve the quality of the EU designated bathing waters on the Fylde Coast (North West England), a project was undertaken to quantify the faecal indicator load from birds and assess the significance on water quality. High bird counts are encountered on the Fylde Coast with gulls, feral pigeons and starlings being prominent. The piers at Blackpool make an attractive roost for starlings with numbers peaking at over 30,000 in late summer. Systematic recording of bird numbers and locations was undertaken during 2001/2. Estimates were also made of the daily faecal organism production by the different species. The spatial distribution of faecal organisms from the bird population was statistically linked to synoptic water quality data. This allowed estimates to be made of the contribution from birds to the faecal pollution load at the bathing waters. The work confirmed a statistically significant link between bird populations and water quality with a marked seasonal bias.
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VINCENT, AVIVA, SHELBY MCDONALD, BETHANIE POE, and VICKI DEISNER. "THE LINK BETWEEN INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE AND ANIMAL ABUSE." Society Register 3, no. 3 (January 2, 2020): 83–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/sr.2019.3.3.05.
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In 2018, more homes in the US have pets than those that have children. Though pets are regarded as property by US law, a majority of people identify pets as part of the family unit. Animal abuse and cruelty have been identified as a potential indicator and precursor to interpersonal violence (IPV). Moreover, child maltreatment, domestic violence, elder abuse, and animal abuse co-occur in households and communities link together to indicate the nexus of these heinous crimes; these co-occurring forms of violence have been increasingly referred to as The Link, to indicate the linked violence. However, there is an incongruence in the definition of animal abuse and cruelty; thus, documenting cases, bringing charges, and achieving a conviction is difficult. Furthermore, the initial education to learn of these topics in human service professions, such as social work, remains absent from many curricula. In practice, cross-reporting of suspected abuse or neglect is a vital mechanism for connecting human and animal professionals to address the issues between human and animal welfare systems. This sharing of information can increase the likelihood that clients experiencing IPV will receive comprehensive services that can improve their level of safety and quality of life. By providing professionals with education for indicators of abuse, and strategies for how to make a report, communities can build stronger support networks for those in need. Herein, Ohio legislation and current community efforts serve as a case study to define animal abuse, delineate transdisciplinary factors for relevance, and make recommendations for addressing this vital social welfare need. The strategies within this case-study are encouraged to be adapted and applied nationally and internationally.
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Prka, Igor, and Branislava Djordjevic. "Testicle size as indicator of fertility in bulls." Veterinarski glasnik 68, no. 5-6 (2014): 311–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/vetgl1406311p.
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Male calves from the high value parents, bull fathers and bull dams, enter the selection for artificial insemination. After laboratory tests, the calves are taken to the center for artificial insemination, and after a stay in quarantine the are moved to a test station. At the age of twelve months they are measured for assessing the value of each calf exterior. One of the measures recorded was the testicle scope. On the basis of testicle size, it is possible to predict sperm production potential. For the determination of testicle size (testicular biometry), tapes or rulers were used. The aim of this work was to investigate the possible effect of testicle size on sperm production in young bulls used for artificial insemination. For that purpose there were used the data on circumference of testicles of one year old bulls just starting production of sperm, and then compared with certain semen quality parameters such as: volume of ejaculate and concentration and percentage of alive and progressively mobile spermatozoa. The investigation included all young bulls that started production in the period from 2010. to 2012., that is 36 bulls of various breeds (Simmental, Holstein Friesian, Montafon). After the testicle scope measuring in these bulls, there were observed the parameters of the sperm quality during the following one year period. The obtained results showed that the increased testicle size was followed by the increased average ejaculate quantity, in other words: 3.7 ml in group of bulls with testicle circumference below 30 cm, to 6.7 ml in bulls whose testicle circumference was over 40 cm. Also, the results showed that there was a correlation between the increased testicle size and the increased spermatozoa concentration. The values grow to testicle scope of 36 cm, and above that they were still high but with some oscillations. When it came to relation between testicle scope and the percentage of alive and progressively mobile spermatozoa, the trend line showed their positive correlation. The percentage of rejected ejaculates varied from 72% in bulls wit testicle scope below 30 cm to 10% in bulls with testicle scope above 35 cm. On the basis of the results obtained in this work, the conclusion is that testicle size is an indicator of bull fertility; that there is a significant correlation between testicle size and ejaculate volume, and that there is a need to explore a genetic link between testicle size and the fertility of their daughters.
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Dagan, Or, Arun Asok, Howard Steele, Miriam Steele, and Kristin Bernard. "Attachment security moderates the link between adverse childhood experiences and cellular aging." Development and Psychopathology 30, no. 4 (December 12, 2017): 1211–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579417001705.
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AbstractExposure to childhood adversity has been linked to accelerated telomere shortening, a marker of cellular aging and an indicator of physical health risk. In the current study, we examined whether adult attachment representation moderated the association between childhood adversity and telomere length. Participants included 78 young adults (M age = 20.46, SD = 1.57), who reported on their exposure to adverse childhood experiences (ACE) and were administered the Adult Attachment Interview, which was coded for attachment state of mind. Relative telomere length was assayed from buccal cells. Multiple regression analyses revealed a significant interaction between attachment state of mind and ACE in predicting telomere length. Whereas the association between number of ACE and telomere length was nonsignificant for secure–autonomous, r (50) = –.15, p = .31, and insecure–preoccupied young adults, r (9) = –.15, p = .71, there was a strong negative association between number of ACE and telomere length for insecure–dismissing young adults, r (19) = –.59, p = .007. This study is novel in demonstrating that attachment may affect biological resilience following childhood adversity, contributing to the growing literature about the role of the quality of early caregiving experiences and their representations in shaping biological processes and physical health.
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Daemitabalvandani, Maziyar, Josep Sabater, Jordi Sabater, and Manel López. "Distance Estimation Error from Direct Measurement of the RSSI. The Use of Link Quality Indicator for Obtaining a Global Vision of the Network." Sensor Letters 9, no. 6 (December 1, 2011): 2197–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/sl.2011.1799.
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Sobhani, Iradj, Amine Ghozelane, Emma Bergsten Bergsten, and Sean Kennedy. "Microbiota as a new indicator of colorectal cancer (CRC) heterogeneity." Journal of Clinical Oncology 35, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2017): 3615. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2017.35.15_suppl.3615.
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3615 Background: Location and somatic gene signature of CRCs may impact prognosis and therapy response. The aim was to characterize colon Microbiota in CRC patients regarding location, gene markers and outcome. Methods: Patients (N = 173) signed consent for whole metagenome (shot gun sequencing on Illumina HiSeq2500) analysis of stool DNA: 72 CRC (53 sporadic-S, 19 Lynch-L), 87 asymptomatic subjects (normal colonoscopy), 14 first degree healthy relatives from Lynch families. "MOCAT" pipeline was used, library sorted (Phred quality score ¡20 Alientrimmer v0.4.0) after exclusion of < 35 nt, human genes or phage sequences. Quality sequences were aligned (REFMG.V13) and most abundant genes constructed (MBMA program v0.1). The Shaman program (shaman.c3bi.pasteur.fr) was used. The number of bacteria was estimated (REFMG program). The linear model (GLM) was implemented in the DESeq2 R kit. Dfferences between Control (N = 87) and CRCs (N = 69), between L (N = 19) and S CRCs(N = 50), and between LCRC (N = 19) and Healthy Lynch relatives were obtained after interaction of age, BMI and gender was considered (GLM model). The P < 0.1 value was retained after correction (Benjamini and Hochberg). The specific taxonomic composition of the control and CRC groups was subjected to random analysis ( Caret's R package) with two optimization parameters (precision and kappa) in the model. Results: There was no difference for gender, age (p = 0.08) and BMI (p = 0.187) in the L and S CRCs. Significant differences were observed between Normal and CRCs, C-CRC and L-CRC, L-CRC and first degree relatives based on the common component (similarity of sequences): 13 species differentiated Normal and CCRs, two were more prevalent in L-CRCs. The panels of bacteria linked with location, MSI, Ras mutations, methylation phenotypes and survival were identified. No significant link was observed with TNM Staging: I (N = 17, 2L and 15S), II (N = 12, 5L and 7S), III (N = 20, 10L, 10S), IV (N = 22.1L, 21S). DFS might be dysbiosis dependent. Conclusions: CRC dysbiosis is location-dependent. Several bacteria are associated with Ras mutation, MSI, and methylation status. They may directly or through therapies impact the prognosis. Microbiota signature should be taken in consideration in trials.
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Makosko, A. A., and L. O. Maximenkov. "New prognostic indicator of adverse and dangerous weather phenomena — gradient of the integral helicity of the atmospheric motion velocity field." Issues of Risk Analysis 16, no. 2 (April 28, 2019): 50–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.32686/1812-5220-2019-16-2-50-57.
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Some new properties of integral helicity are revealed, in particular, the dipole structure of the structure of its field. Taking this circumstance into account, a more informative and illustrative criterion for evaluating integral helicity is a gradient of integral helicity that is promising in analyzing and forecasting adverse and dangerous weather phenomena.Using the example of a convective storm inMoscow05.29.2017. Indicators of predictive quality and clarity, used as diagnostic indicators and dangerous weather phenomena. Considering that such a convective storm is predicted in just a couple of hours, or even several tens of minutes, the proposed criterion, which ensures the forecast lead time of about 12 hours, can become an important link in the technological line for predicting dangerous weather phenomena and a significant reserve for reducing economic damage due to meteorological reasons.
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Jiang, Hongxu, Kai Yang, Tingshan Liu, and Yongfei Zhang. "Quality Prediction of DWT-Based Compression for Remote Sensing Image Using Multiscale and Multilevel Differences Assessment Metric." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2014 (2014): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/593213.
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Accurate assessment and prediction of visual quality are of fundamental importance to lossy compression of remote sensing image, since it is not only a basic indicator of coding performance, but also an important guide to optimize the coding procedure. In the paper, a novel quality prediction model based on multiscale and multilevel distortion (MSMLD) assessment metric is preferred for DWT-based coding of remote sensing image. Firstly, we propose an image quality assessment metric named MSMLD, which assesses quality by calculating distortions in three levels and multiscale sampling between original images and compressed images. The MSMLD method not only has a better consistency with subjective perception values, but also shows the distortion features and visual quality of compressed image well. Secondly, some significant characteristics in spatial and wavelet domain that link well with quality criteria of MSMLD are chosen with multiple linear regression and used to establish a compression quality prediction model of MSMLD. Finally, the quality prediction model is extended to a wider range of compression ratios from 4 : 1 to 20 : 1 and tested with experiment. The experimental results show that the prediction accuracy of the proposed model is up to 98.33%, and its mean prediction error is less than state-of-the-art methods.
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Tyufilin, Denis S., Ivan A. Deev, Olga S. Kobyakova, Ekaterina K. Tagina, and Evgeny S. Kulikov. "A review: quality of life of patients with allergic rhinitis receiving various treatment." Annals of the Russian academy of medical sciences 75, no. 2 (June 18, 2020): 106–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.15690/vramn1264.
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The high prevalence of allergic rhinitis in a population, the link between this disease and asthma, and a significantly higher economic burden of the disease, causing a negative impact on the patients quality of life, have resulted in increased attention to the problem of allergic rhinitis at the global level. Nowadays optimal allergic rhinitis treatment and management include disease control, consisting of assessing the level of disease control and selecting a treatment scheme based on this assessment. Current studies are focused on the development of questionnaires and testing systems for assessing the level of disease control, especially given the absence of a standardized control assessment procedure tool. Studies also address the possibility of using the indicators of quality of life to measure the level of disease control. The present review deals with the issue of understanding of using this parameter to measure the effectiveness of pharmacotherapy of different groups of patients with allergic rhinitis. The review includes randomized clinical trials covering the period 20102019 including the following keywords: Rhinitis Quality of Life, Allergic Rhinitis Quality of Life, Allergic Rhinitis Questionnaire, RQLQ. In total, 4.407 publications were identified and analyzed, only 60 publications were selected for comparative analysis after a second review. According to the results, in general, it can be concluded that the indicator of the quality of life allows us to identify the advantages of pharmacotherapeutic regimens in the long term (for example, allergen-specific immunotherapy, alternative therapy). Moreover, it demonstrates a correlation with objectivistic indicators in randomized clinical trials of standard treatment. It is still necessary, however, to address the question of whether it would be possible to use the assessment of the quality of life as a part of allergic rhinitis treatment in everyday clinical practice to select a group of drugs, their dosages, and correct regimes in dynamics. Using the indicator of the quality of life for managing patients with allergic rhinitis in Russia requires tremendous work in terms of cross-cultural adaptation of questionnaires and large-scale population-based pharmacoepidemiological studies.
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Sarasin, F. P., F. Bolla, J. M. Gaspoz, F. Borst, and M. P. Kossovsky. "Distinction between Planned and Unplanned Readmissions following Discharge from a Department of Internal Medicine." Methods of Information in Medicine 38, no. 02 (1999): 140–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1634173.
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AbstractReadmission rate is often used as an indicator for the quality of care. However, only unplanned readmissions may have a link with substandard quality of care. We compared two databases of the Geneva University Hospitals to determine which information is needed to distinguish planned from unplanned readmissions. All patients readmitted within 42 days after a first stay in the wards of the Department of Internal Medicine were identified. One of the databases contained encoded information needed to compute DRGs. The other database consisted of full-text discharge reports, addressed to the referring physician. Encoded reports allowed the classification of 64% of the readmissions, whereas full-text reports could classify 97% of the readmissions (p <0.001). The concordance between encoded reports and full-text reports was fair (kappa = 0.40). We conclude that encoded reports alone are not sufficient to distinguish planned from unplanned readmissions and that the automation of detailed clinical databases seems promising.
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Sarkar, Asok Kumar, and Sujan Singha. "Factors Influencing Health of the Santals: A Study of Selected Villages of Birbhum." International Journal of Community and Social Development 1, no. 1 (February 13, 2019): 58–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2516602619826261.
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The study discusses the influence of social, economic and cultural factors on health-seeking behaviours of the Santals living in six villages of Birbhum district in West Bengal, India. By employing both qualitative and quantitative methods, data were collected for the study. The analysis shows the link between educational, social, economic and cultural factors and health-seeking behaviour. Lack of economic freedom was found as the predominant indicator in restricting access to better health-care facilities. Poor occupational standards, low levels of income and less investment in maintaining health influence the health-seeking behaviour of Santals in the studied area. The study argues that the existing services are inadequate and often inappropriately implemented. The findings have implications for enhancing the role of education and improving the quality and quantity of services.
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Hansuebsai, Aran, and Samatcha Nawakitwong. "Printability Analysis of Compostable Films by Flexographic Water Based Ink." Key Engineering Materials 843 (May 2020): 26–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.843.26.
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This research analyzed the printability of compostable films commercialized in the Thai market such as PLA/PBAT and PBAT/starch; and to comply with EN 13432 standard by using flexographic water based ink. A narrow web flexographic printing press was set up and opperated. Print quality parameters such as optical density, tone reproduction, print contrast and print uniformity were investigated. Results showed that these compostable films were hydrophobic in nature, in combination with fracture and voids of substrates’ surface. Even the substrates could be printed relatively well but showed poor ink adhesion. Surface treatment, therefore, was necessary, but having limitation. Anilox line screen 700 lpi and printing speed at 30 m/min were preferable to achieve the optimum tone reproduction and print contrast. This was based on the image resolution of 133 lpi and corona dosage at 500 watt-min/m2. Images of printed samples from SEM and SPM indicated that the fracture surface and void of films could lead to decrease their printability. It was found that starch blend gave better results as being a filler of the surface roughness of the substrate..
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Liu, Jie, Paul M. Schonfeld, Yong Yin, and Qiyuan Peng. "Effects of Link Capacity Reductions on the Reliability of an Urban Rail Transit Network." Journal of Advanced Transportation 2020 (October 29, 2020): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/9020574.
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Link capacity reductions, which occur often, degrade the service quality and performance of urban rail transit (URT) networks. To measure the reliability of a URT network when link capacity reductions occur in a given time period, the passengers’ generalized travel cost (GTC) is computed and passengers are divided into three categories. The GTC considers here the crowding in trains, seat availability, and perceived travel time. Passengers whose relative increase in GTC on a URT is below or above a preset threshold belong to category I or II, respectively, while passengers who cannot travel on the URT due to insufficient capacities on their paths belong to category III. Passenger trips in categories I are acceptable since their GTC increases only slightly with link capacity reductions. The fraction of acceptable trip (FAT) and total GTC increase ratio (TGCR) in a given time period are defined here as the network’s reliability and unreliability metrics, respectively. The ratio of affected passenger trip (RAPT) is proposed to identify each line’s most critical links. The reliability and unreliability metrics of Wuhan’s URT network during evening peak hours are computed when the capacities of the most critical link or multiple most critical links are reduced. The results show that the proposed RAPT indicator is effective in identifying the most critical links that greatly affect the reliability and performance of a URT network. For capacity reductions on a line’s most critical link, the proposed method can determine the capacity reduction ratio corresponding to network’s high FAT and low TGCR as well as the priorities of lines needing emergency measures to maintain high network reliability and performance. For capacity reductions on critical links of multiple lines, the proposed method can identify the number of reduction links and the capacity reduction ratio that the network can withstand while maintaining its reliability and performance above a specified level.
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Shyshatskyi, A., O. Cherniak, A. Lyashenko, S. Paniuk, A. Doroshets, V. Savenko, V. Mazurenko, and S. Hryhorak. "DEVELOPMENT OF THEORETICAL PROVISIONS OF TRANSMISSION OF DISCRETE MESSAGES OF MILITARY RADIOCOMMUNICATION SYSTEMS." Системи управління, навігації та зв’язку. Збірник наукових праць 2, no. 60 (May 28, 2020): 180–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.26906/sunz.2020.2.180.
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Modern military radio systems operate in the complex conditions of the electronic environment, due to the limited frequency range, the influence of deliberate interference and signal fading. One of the ways to improve the effectiveness of military radio communication systems is to develop indicators (methods, techniques) for evaluating the effectiveness of military radio communication systems. The analysis found that known approaches to evaluating the performance of military radio communications systems are based on the use of bit error probability in a channel, which is a rather rough indicator of channel estimation. This necessitates the development of theoretical provisions for the transmission of discrete messages to military radio systems. In order to improve the known theoretical provisions for the transmission of discrete messages of military radio communication systems, the authors of the article developed indicators for assessing the quality of functioning of military radio communication systems that operate in complex conditions of electronic conditions. In the course of the study, the authors of the research substantiated two indicators of link quality in the fading channel: the probability of correctly receiving a message of finite duration and the likelihood of a link of finite duration without breaks. The first metric is the overall metric (communication) quality of the communication, and the second metric is the quality of the channel in the session of the final duration. During the research, the authors used the basic principles of communication theory, theories of insecurity, the theory of transmission of discrete messages, etc. The proposed results can be used to evaluate the status of radio channels when they are exposed to a variety of origins and signal fading. The practical significance of these results is that they can be used to upgrade existing radios or to develop new ones by developing appropriate software
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Gherghina, Ștefan Cristian, Liliana Nicoleta Simionescu, and Oana Simona Hudea. "Exploring Foreign Direct Investment–Economic Growth Nexus—Empirical Evidence from Central and Eastern European Countries." Sustainability 11, no. 19 (September 30, 2019): 5421. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11195421.
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This study aims to examine the link between foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows and economic growth, also considering several institutional quality variables, as well as sustainable development goals (SDGs) set in the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. By estimating panel data regression models for a sample of 11 Central and Eastern European countries, from 2003 to 2016, the empirical outcomes provide support for a non-linear relationship between FDI and gross domestic product per capita. Regarding institutional quality, it is found that control of corruption, government effectiveness, regulatory quality, rule of law, and voice and accountability positively influence growth, while political stability and absence of violence/terrorism is not statistically significant. Moreover, SDGs such as poverty, income distribution, education, innovation, transport infrastructure, and information technology are noteworthy drivers of growth. The outcomes of panel fully modified and dynamic ordinary least squares partly confirm the findings. The panel vector error-correction model Granger causalities provide support for a short-run one-way causal association running from FDI to growth and a long-run two-way causal connection among FDI and growth. Furthermore, in the long run, unidirectional causal relationships running from each institutional quality indicator to economic growth and FDI are set out.
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Ipsen, A. Helene, and Helle Vrønning Dam. "Translation Revision: Correlating Revision Procedure and Error Detection." HERMES - Journal of Language and Communication in Business, no. 55 (August 29, 2016): 143. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/hjlcb.v0i55.24294.
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This article reports on an empirical study on translation revision. With the aim of investigating the possible link between revision procedure and quality, the research correlates an indicator of quality, error detection, with revision procedure. Error detection and revision procedure were studied drawing on a convergent parallel mixed-methods research design involving three different sources of data. Nine subjects performed a revision task and thus produced text data; their activities on the computer screen were captured and saved as video fi les; and retrospective interviews were conducted with the revisers upon completion of the task. Results show that the highest error detection scores were linked with a variety of revision procedures, but with one common denominator: the target text was consistently the point of departure. Revisers with high error detection scores thus engaged in various different revision procedures, but their focus of attention in the initial operations was the translation rather than the source text in all cases. Conversely, the revisers whose initial attention was directed towards the source text received the lowest error detection scores in the revision task.
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Ipsen, A. Helene, and Helle V. Dam. "Translation Revision: Correlating Revision Procedure and Error Detection." HERMES - Journal of Language and Communication in Business, no. 55 (September 26, 2016): 143. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/hjlcb.v0i55.24612.
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This article reports on an empirical study on translation revision. With the aim of investigating the possible link between revision procedure and quality, the research correlates an indicator of quality, error detection, with revision procedure. Error detection and revision procedure were studied drawing on a convergent parallel mixed-methods research design involving three different sources of data. Nine subjects performed a revision task and thus produced text data; their activities on the computer screen were captured and saved as video fi les; and retrospective interviews were conducted with the revisers upon completion of the task. Results show that the highest error detection scores were linked with a variety of revision procedures, but with one common denominator: the target text was consistently the point of departure. Revisers with high error detection scores thus engaged in various different revision procedures, but their focus of attention in the initial operations was the translation rather than the source text in all cases. Conversely, the revisers whose initial attention was directed towards the source text received the lowest error detection scores in the revision task.
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Birkill, Karen. "Deal with heels: a pressure ulcer prevention initiative." British Journal of Community Nursing 25, no. 3 (March 1, 2020): S6—S10. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/bjcn.2020.25.sup3.s6.
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Pressure ulcers/injuries are well known for being a common problem in healthcare and are a key indicator of the quality and experience of patient care. This article discusses how one NHS trust reduced the incidence of heel pressure ulcers within adult inpatient settings. In 2016/17, the trust identified 14 avoidable category 3 and above pressure ulcers/injuries in inpatient settings, of which 10 had developed on the heels. Through root cause analysis, the organisation identified themes, which prompted action, and a quality improvement project ‘Deal with heels’ was planned and implemented. Changes were introduced through a collaborative and structured approach; the key stakeholders included the tissue viability team, procurement, medical devices, patient safety, managers, matrons, ward sisters and tissue viability link advisors, who worked together to reduce heel ulcer prevalence through education and standardised practice. As a result of improved organisational awareness and some changes, the number of heel pressure ulcers/injuries reduced to two over a 3-year period, which also helped reduce the total number of avoidable pressure ulcers/injuries.
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Polikanova, I. S., and S. V. Leonov. "Psychophysiological and molecular genetic correlates of fatigue." Современная зарубежная психология 5, no. 4 (2016): 24–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/jmfp.2016050403.
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The article is devoted to a theoretical overview in the field of fatigue, and in particular to recent data on psychophysiological and molecular-genetic correlates of fatigue. Nowadays there exist many methods used to assess fatigue and other functional states: subjective, behavioral and physiological methods. Earlier the studies in the area of fatigue were mainly focused on looking for an objective indicator. The current research focuses on an integral approach. Over recent years the significant progress in molecular biology has been achieved, which provided a significant impact on quality and scope of investigations. Now we can find numerous researches which reflect the link between the presence of certain polymorphisms and expression of behavioral patterns or physiological reactions. Thus, in the present study we make an attempt to reflect the existing psycho-physiological and molecular-genetic correlates of fatigue.
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Khoo, Yee-Len, and Kathleen Mosier. "Searching for Cues: An Analysis on Factors Effecting the Decision Making Process of Regional Airline Pilots." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 49, no. 3 (September 2005): 578–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193120504900377.
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Research on aviation accidents and incidents has indicated humans are potentially the “weak link” in the chain of accident causation. The problem faced by researchers here is there is often no clear standard of determining what decision is “correct” or “incorrect“. In addition, the loose coupling of an event outcome and the decision process makes it hard researchers to use accident reports as a reliable indicator of the quality of the decision. The goal of this research is to explore cognitive processes of pilots when dealing with the types of decisions required under time pressure and with conflicting information and how pilots use information as they are performing diagnostic and decision-making tasks in the automated cockpit. Differences were found between pilots with more experience in automated aircrafts however predicted automation bias effects were non-apparent.
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Lee, Hyunjee, Haseong Kim, and Hosung Park. "Novel Calibration of MIESM and Reduction of CQI Feedback for Improved Fast Link Adaptation." Electronics 8, no. 3 (March 2, 2019): 278. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics8030278.
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In mobile communications systems, fast link adaptation (FLA) aims to achieve high system throughput of each user by accurately determining a channel quality indicator (CQI) for feedback, which predicts the next channel based on the current channel state information. In this paper, we propose an improved calibration method of mutual information effective signal-to noise-ratio mapping (MIESM) to determine an accurate CQI feedback value in FLA. Our proposed calibration method derives the optimal calibration factors by considering various channel environments and setting the effective interval of effective signal-to-noise ratio, which is a single value compressing the information of channel characteristics at a time. The simulation is performed in various signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) ranges to account for the actual environments, and the calibration factors are derived from the proposed calibration method. The results show that the CQI feedback value from the derived calibration factors are more accurate than the existing calibration factors. In addition, we discuss a study regarding the time-coherence-based CQI feedback bit reduction scheme. Assuming that each channel is correlated to the previous and subsequent channels, we propose a method to reduce the number of CQI feedback bits adapted to the corresponding SNR regime. Through the simulation, we compare the system throughputs of the proposed adaptive CQI feedback and the conventional CQI feedback scheme. As a result, the proposed CQI feedback has almost the same system throughput as the conventional CQI feedback scheme, but the average number of feedback bits is reduced, thereby improving the efficiency of the communication.
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Schäufele, Isabel, Daria Pashkova, and Ulrich Hamm. "Which consumers opt for organic wine and why? An analysis of the attitude-behaviour link." British Food Journal 120, no. 8 (August 6, 2018): 1901–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bfj-03-2018-0141.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyse the effect of attitudes and socio-demographics on wine consumers’ real purchase behaviour for organic wine. Design/methodology/approach This study is based on GfK household panel data, a real market data source of high population coverage. A two-part fractional model was applied as two distinct categories of wine buyers were observed. The first part of the two-part fractional model consisted of a standard binary choice model and defined the likelihood of belonging to the group of organic wine buyers. The second part of the model only took organic wine buyers into account and described their purchase intensity. Findings Preferences for organic products and sustainability concerns (e.g. environmental and social concerns) drive organic wine purchases. Proving a causal relation between attitudes and purchase behaviour gives evidence that stated preferences are a reliable indicator to predict consumer behaviour. However, the weak relation between attitudes and behaviour confirms the existence of an attitude-behaviour gap. Practical implications Quality benefits of organic wine production need to be communicated to attract new customers. Stronger focus should be put on sustainability issues with the aim of encouraging organic customers to also increase their expenditures for organic wine. Originality/value The influence of sustainability concerns on purchase behaviour is still controversial and no study, so far, has analysed real purchase data for organic wine. The results provide new insights on why attitudes do not fully transform into purchase behaviour.
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Fikriyah, Siti Hailatul. "PENGARUH LIKUIDITAS, PROFITABILITAS DAN UKURAN PERUSAHAAN TERHADAP PERINGKAT OBLIGASI PADA INDUSTRI PERBANKAN YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA." JURNAL AKUNTANSI BERKELANJUTAN INDONESIA 1, no. 3 (December 11, 2018): 289. http://dx.doi.org/10.32493/jabi.v1i3.y2018.p289-310.
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Bond rating is one of the most important indicator about a company’s credit quality. The objective of this research is to know how the liquidity, profitability,and size could influence to the bonds rating. This research use listed on Bursa Efek Indonesia. The samples of this research consist of 15 banks are listed in PT Pefindo from 2009-2012. Research method that used is descriptive analysis, with searching data through library, Financial statement from Bursa Efek Indonesia, and ICMD (Indonesian Capital Market Directory). The techniques of the test of the data be processed by using SPSS (Statistical Product and Service Solution) for windows release 20.00. Multinominal Logistic Regression Analysis with link function was used to the test the hypothesis. Therefore, the conclusion of this research has shown that the variable of liquidity and profitability, not significantly influence the bond rating. Meanwhile variable size significantly influence the bond rating
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Li, Xiao Hua, Yu Jie Wang, Ren Long Zhang, Juan Nie, Yang Li, and Quan Yue Yang. "A WSN Clustering Data Acquisition System for Mountainous Orchard Environmental Monitoring." Applied Mechanics and Materials 602-605 (August 2014): 2048–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.602-605.2048.
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Mountainous environment makes the wireless sensor network (WSN) data collection applications remain a challenging domain, as the detection region may present a three-dimensional structure and the radio propagation characteristics are still looking forward to further research. To better adapt to the ecological data acquisition needs in mountainous orchard, A WSN clustering data acquisition system is designed and implemented. It uses the received signal strength indicator (RSSI) to evaluate radio propagation performance and characterize the communication quality of the link. In the selection of the cluster heads and the next routing hops, this system takes RSSI, node’s residual energy and other influencing factors into account and use the multiple-attribute comprehensive evaluation model to weigh them comprehensively. Simulation results indicate that such a design can give objective and reasonable evaluations and judgments of the candidate nodes. Analyses verify the effectiveness and reasonability of the proposed model.
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Zhu, Quan Zheng, Le Yang, and Wei Li. "Simple and Robust RSSI Estimation Using M-Estimator." Advanced Materials Research 756-759 (September 2013): 3946–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.756-759.3946.
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Accurate estimation of the received signal strength indicator (RSSI) from a set of sequentially measured ones is essential for a number of practical applications including link quality evaluation for sensor network routing, indoor wireless localization and more recently, handover in health monitoring systems. This paper develops a simple and robust RSSI estimation algorithm that can effectively mitigate the magnitude variation in the RSSI measurements due to the combined effects of fast fading and non-line-of-sight (NLOS) signal propagation. The new method is based on the robust M-estimator and we propose a simple approach that requires bisection search only to obtain the robust RSSI estimate. Computer simulations corroborate the validity of the theoretical developments and demonstrate the superior performance of the proposed technique over commonly adopted RSSI estimation methods including the simple moving average, the discrete Kalman filter and the exponential smoothing.
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Jwo, Jung-Sing, Ching-Sheng Lin, Cheng-Hsiung Lee, Li Zhang, and Sin-Ming Huang. "Intelligent System for Railway Wheelset Press-Fit Inspection Using Deep Learning." Applied Sciences 11, no. 17 (September 6, 2021): 8243. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11178243.
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Railway wheelsets are the key to ensuring the safe operation of trains. To achieve zero-defect production, railway equipment manufacturers must strictly control every link in the wheelset production process. The press-fit curve output by the wheelset assembly machine is an essential indicator of the wheelset’s assembly quality. The operators will still need to manually and individually recheck press-fit curves in our practical case. However, there are many uncertainties in the manual inspection. For example, subjective judgment can easily cause inconsistent judgment results between different inspectors, or the probability of human misinterpretation can increase as the working hours increase. Therefore, this study proposes an intelligent railway wheelset inspection system based on deep learning, which improves the reliability and efficiency of manual inspection of wheelset assembly quality. To solve the severe imbalance in the number of collected images, this study establishes a predicted model of press-fit quality based on a deep Siamese network. Our experimental results show that the precision measurement is outstanding for the testing dataset contained 3863 qualified images and 28 unqualified images of press-fit curves. The proposed system will serve as a successful case of a paradigm shift from traditional manufacturing to digital manufacturing.
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Najera-Zuloaga, Josu, Dae-Jin Lee, and Inmaculada Arostegui. "Comparison of beta-binomial regression model approaches to analyze health-related quality of life data." Statistical Methods in Medical Research 27, no. 10 (February 13, 2017): 2989–3009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0962280217690413.
Full textAbstract:
Health-related quality of life has become an increasingly important indicator of health status in clinical trials and epidemiological research. Moreover, the study of the relationship of health-related quality of life with patients and disease characteristics has become one of the primary aims of many health-related quality of life studies. Health-related quality of life scores are usually assumed to be distributed as binomial random variables and often highly skewed. The use of the beta-binomial distribution in the regression context has been proposed to model such data; however, the beta-binomial regression has been performed by means of two different approaches in the literature: (i) beta-binomial distribution with a logistic link; and (ii) hierarchical generalized linear models. None of the existing literature in the analysis of health-related quality of life survey data has performed a comparison of both approaches in terms of adequacy and regression parameter interpretation context. This paper is motivated by the analysis of a real data application of health-related quality of life outcomes in patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, where the use of both approaches yields to contradictory results in terms of covariate effects significance and consequently the interpretation of the most relevant factors in health-related quality of life. We present an explanation of the results in both methodologies through a simulation study and address the need to apply the proper approach in the analysis of health-related quality of life survey data for practitioners, providing an R package.