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1

Mink, S. N., H. Greville, A. Gomez, and J. Eng. "Expiratory flow limitation in dogs with regional changes in lung mechanical properties." Journal of Applied Physiology 64, no. 1 (January 1, 1988): 162–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1988.64.1.162.

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We examined maximum expiratory flow (Vmax) in two canine preparations in which regional changes in lung mechanical properties were produced. In one experiment serial bronchial obstructions were made to determine whether flow-limiting sites (choke points, CP) would occur in series. With the right lung tied off, constrictions were placed at the left lower lobar bronchus (LLL) and left main-stem bronchus. On deflation from total lung capacity, the obstructed LLL and nonobstructed left upper lobe (LUL) emptied into the obstructed left main-stem bronchus. Although a CP common to both lobes was identified at the main-stem obstruction, which limited total Vmax, we questioned whether there was also a CP at the lobar obstruction that fixed LLL flow. In that case the rate of LLL emptying would not be dependent on the presence of the common (i.e., central) CP and thus the flow contribution of the LUL. We found that when the LUL was removed, the LLL increased its rate of emptying. Thus a lobar CP did not fix LLL flow and CP did not occur in series. In a second experiment emphysema was produced in the left lung to reduce lung recoil, whereas the right lung was normal. CP were identified at approximately lobar bronchi of each lung, and the lungs were emptied at different rates. A CP common to both lungs was not identified. Our results indicate that in localized lung disease, if flows from the different regions are high enough, then wave speed is reached in proximal airways, and a CP occurs centrally rather than peripherally. On the other hand, if flows are low, then wave speed is reached peripherally and a CP common to all lung regions does not occur.
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2

Zhang, Min, Alan D. L. Sihoe, and Ming Du. "Surgical procedure of uniportal LUL." ASVIDE 3 (August 2016): 336. http://dx.doi.org/10.21037/asvide.2016.336.

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3

DiGiacomo, Daniela Kruel. "Supporting Interests and Sharing Power: Insights from a Scottish Youth Program." Journal of Youth Development 15, no. 5 (September 22, 2020): 68–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/jyd.2020.869.

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Light Up Learning (LUL) is a youth program in Scotland that supports young people in pursuing their curiosities and exploring their interests in a school-based informal learning setting. This article draws on interview and participant observation data to examine the social organization of teaching and learning activity within LUL. As a school-based program focused on supporting youth in pursuing their interests through the cultivation of a caring adult–youth relationship, LUL offers an empirical case that brings together insights from youth development and interest-driven learning research. Examination into the verbal and material interactions that shape adult–youth interactions yields insight into how to challenge normatively hierarchical power dynamics between teachers and learners toward the instantiation of a more relational pedagogy. By employing the pedagogic moves of continually foregrounding youths’ interests, honoring youth expertise, and making space for youth’s ideas, LUL youth workers created an environment within a school setting where youth felt both free and supported to learn through deeply and widely pursuing their interests.
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4

Georgiev, Pavel, and Marina Kozycina. "Interaction Between Mutations in the suppressor of Hairy wing and modifier of mdg4 Genes of Drosophila melunogaster Affecting the Phenotype of gypsy-Induced Mutations." Genetics 142, no. 2 (February 1, 1996): 425–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/142.2.425.

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Abstract The suppressor of Hairy-wing [su(Hw)] protein mediates the mutagenic effect of the gypsy retrotransposon by repressing the function of transcriptional enhancers located distally from the promoter with respect to the position of the su(Hw)-binding region. Mutations in a second gene, modifier of mdg4, also affect the gypsy-induced phenotype. Two major effects of the mod(mdg4)lul mutation can be distinguished: the interference with insulation by the su(Hw)-binding region and direct inhibition of gene expression that is not dependent on the su(Hw)-binding region position. The mod(mdg4)lul mutation partially suppresses ct6, scD1 and Hw1 mutations, possibly by interfering with the insulation effect of the su(Hw)-binding region. An example of the second effect of mod(mdg4)lul is a complete inactivation of yellow expression in combination with the y 2 allele. Phenotypic analyses of flies with combinations of mod(mdg4)lul and different su(Hw) mutations, or with constructions carrying deletions of the acidic domains of the su(Hw) protein, suggest that the carboxy-terminal acidic domain is important for direct inhibition of yellow transcription in bristles, while the amino-terminal acidic domain is more essential for insulation.
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5

Heshmat Ghahderijani, Bahareh, Fatemeh Hosseinabadi, Shahram Kahkouee, Mohamad Kazem Momeni, Samira Salajeghe, and Hussein Soleimantabar. "Investigation of high-resolution computed tomographic (HRCT) outcomes associated with chronic pulmonary microaspiration (CPM) in Tehran and Zahedan, Iran." African Health Sciences 20, no. 4 (December 16, 2020): 1710–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ahs.v20i4.22.

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Background: In patients with chronic pulmonary microaspiration (CPM) the recognition of high-resolution computed tomographic (HRCT) findings and their pattern is important. Objective: To investigate the HRCT detections in patients with CPM. Materials and Methods: This descriptive study enrolled 100 consecutive patients with CPM underwent HRCT of the lungs between 2017 and 2018 in Tehran and Zahedan Hospitals and private centers. The required variables were recorded for each patient with a questionnaire. Subsequently, HRCT was performed and abnormalities were then reported by two radiologists. Results: Most of patients exhibited bronchial thickening in 33.6% of cases, followed by ground-glass opacity (12.4%), em- physema (11.1%), and bronchiectasis (8.5%). In addition, the most common HRCT findings were found in left lower lobe (LLL) (37.1%), followed by right lower lobe (RLL) (35.9 %), right upper lobe (RUL ) (6,2%), and left upper lobe (LUL) (6%). Conclusion: Our data showed the most common findings in HRCT were bronchial thickening ground-glass opacity, em- physema, and bronchiectasis, where these findings was dominantly found in LLL, RLL, RUL, and LUL, indicating its high tendency to dependent areas. Keywords: Imaging; high-resolution computed tomographic; chronic lung microaspiration.
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6

Ahmed, Tanvir, Md Humayun Kabir, Md Khairuzzaman, Md Monirul Ahsan, Mirana Jahan, and Md Sayedul Islam. "Outcome of Pcnl in Proximal Ureteric Stone: A Comparative Study With Laparoscopic Retrieval." Bangladesh Journal of Urology 21, no. 1 (October 14, 2020): 25–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bju.v21i1.49748.

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A hundred-percent stone clearance was achieved in a hospital based prospective clinical trial in which 60 cases of upper ureteric stone were selected by purposive sampling for percutaneous nephroureterolithotomy & Laparoscopic ureterolithotomy between December 2012 and June 2014 in BSMMU. The mean age of the patients was 40.53±11.71 (19-61) and 41.23±10.76 (20-59) years old in PCNUL and LUL groups, respectively. The mean stone size in PCNUL group was 1.88±0.39 (1.06-2.45) cm and in LUL group was 1.97±0.42 (1.20-2.60) cm. The duration of the operations were 94.13 ± 17.34 (75-140) minutes, and 121.43 ± 19.91 (90-167) minutes (P =0.001); and the average hospital stay days were 3.73 ± 1.20 (3-8) and 4.80 ± 1.71 (3-9) days (P = 0.017) in groups PCNUL and LUL, accordingly. The mean Hb decrease in PCNUL group was 1.16±0.35 mg/dL and in LUL group was 0.77±0.31 mg/dL (P = <0.001). No statistically significant differences in terms of fever and post operative prolonged urinary leakage were detected in both groups. Therefore the compared outcome is better in percutaneous nephroureterolithotomy group although stone clearance rate was same in percutaneous nephroureterolithotomy & laparoscopic ureterolithotromy patients. Bangladesh Journal of Urology, Vol. 21, No. 1, January 2018 p.25-30
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7

Palhares, J. C. P., A. L. Guidoni, R. L. R. Steinmetz, M. R. Mulinari, and G. C. Sigua. "Impacto de sistemas de produção pecuários/agrícolas na qualidade da água da sub bacia do rio pinhal, santa catarina, brasil." Archivos de Zootecnia 61, no. 236 (September 12, 2012): 493–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.21071/az.v61i236.2205.

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O Brasil é um dos maiores produtores de alimentos do mundo. As produções agrícolas e animais estão concentradas em determinadas regiões do país. A pecuária tem sido percebida como uma ameaça constante para a quantidade e a qualidade dos recursos hídricos. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o impacto de sistemas de produção pecuários/agrícolas na qualidade da água superficial na sub-bacia do Rio Pinhal que está localizado em Concórdia, Santa Catarina. Oito pontos de amostragem, representando diferentes usos da terra (LU1: gado leiteiro; LU2: sem animais; LU3: gado leiteiro + porcos + aves de corte + culturas; LU4: porcos + aves de corte + culturas; LU5: gado leiteiro + porcos + aves de corte + culturas + humanos; LU6: gado leiteiro + porcos + culturas; LU7 e LU8: gado leiteiro + porcos) foram avaliados. As águas foram amostradas durante o verão, outono, primavera e inverno de 2006 a 2009. LU1 apresentou a pior qualidade da água com altas concentrações de sólidos suspensos totais (SST) e demanda química de oxigênio. Neste ponto, os animais tinham acesso ao rio. A maior concentração de nitrato (NO3-N) foi encontrada na foz do rio. Houve maiores concentrações de SST, NO3-N e NO2-N na estação chuvosa. Nesta estação há intensiva aplicação de fertilizantes orgânicos para os campos de milho. Outono e inverno apresen-taram a pior qualidade da água em relação à concentração de nitrogênio. Os resultados mostraram forte relação entre as fontes de poluição e qualidade da água. O gerenciando o uso de fertilizantes orgânicos com o de fertilizantes químicos e a recuperação das áreas ripárias são ações mitigatórias importantes para proteger a qualidade da água do rio Pinhal.
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8

Chamberlin, M., and M. Weerasinghe. "Maintenance depot transformation, not just a face-lift." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part F: Journal of Rail and Rapid Transit 212, no. 2 (March 1, 1998): 177–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/0954409981530779.

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London Underground Limited (LUL) has awarded GEC ALSTHOM (GECA) a service provision contract to provide and maintain 106 new trains under a leasing agreement for the next 20 years. The service will be provided to the Northern Line, with LUL retaining responsibility for operational control. Maintenance will be performed in the existing Northern Line facilities and the depots will be leased from LUL to GECA for the contract period. The maintenance depots require modernization to support the new trains and GECA Railway Maintenance Services Limited (RML) will manage and operate the depots. RML is now responsible for delivering the existing trains to the Northern Line and for introducing the new fleet of trains while the maintenance facilities are modernized. This paper addresses the modifications made to the maintenance facilities for the new fleet of trains. It discusses the philosophy behind the redesign of the depot layout, the steps throughout construction and the maintenance equipment necessary to provide the service required to meet the needs of the customer.
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9

Dickow, Alexander. "Sur Lul de Faltenin: Mallarmé selon Apollinaire." Symposium: A Quarterly Journal in Modern Literatures 66, no. 4 (October 2012): 206–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00397709.2012.733628.

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10

Phillipos, EZ, and K. Libsekal. "Flexible Bronchoscopy in the Management of Congenital Lobar Emphysema in the Neonate." Canadian Respiratory Journal 5, no. 3 (1998): 219–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/1998/971526.

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This paper describes the case of a 3 kg neonate who had congenital lobar emphysema of the left upper lobe (LUL). He was in severe respiratory distress with a fraction of inspired oxygen of 0.8. Chest x-ray showed hyperlucent expanded left hemithorax and marked mediastinal shift. Following flexible bronchoscopy and introduction of ultrathin bronchoscope into the LUL bronchus, symptoms and chest x-ray improved markedly. Flexible bronchoscopy resulted in emergency relief of his initial respiratory distress, and left upper lobe lobectomy was performed electively three days later.
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11

Lee, JunHee. "The Function of ‘ul/lul’ in Passive Construction." Korean Linguistics 83 (May 31, 2019): 155–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.20405/kl.2019.05.83.155.

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12

Fonseca, Paula, Flavia Ferreira, Felipe da Silva, Liliane Santana Oliveira, João Trindade Marques, Aristóteles Goes-Neto, Eric Aguiar, and Arthur Gruber. "Characterization of a Novel Mitovirus of the Sand Fly Lutzomyia longipalpis Using Genomic and Virus–Host Interaction Signatures." Viruses 13, no. 1 (December 23, 2020): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v13010009.

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Hematophagous insects act as the major reservoirs of infectious agents due to their intimate contact with a large variety of vertebrate hosts. Lutzomyia longipalpis is the main vector of Leishmania chagasi in the New World, but its role as a host of viruses is poorly understood. In this work, Lu. longipalpis RNA libraries were subjected to progressive assembly using viral profile HMMs as seeds. A sequence phylogenetically related to fungal viruses of the genus Mitovirus was identified and this novel virus was named Lul-MV-1. The 2697-base genome presents a single gene coding for an RNA-directed RNA polymerase with an organellar genetic code. To determine the possible host of Lul-MV-1, we analyzed the molecular characteristics of the viral genome. Dinucleotide composition and codon usage showed profiles similar to mitochondrial DNA of invertebrate hosts. Also, the virus-derived small RNA profile was consistent with the activation of the siRNA pathway, with size distribution and 5′ base enrichment analogous to those observed in viruses of sand flies, reinforcing Lu. longipalpis as a putative host. Finally, RT-PCR of different insect pools and sequences of public Lu. longipalpis RNA libraries confirmed the high prevalence of Lul-MV-1. This is the first report of a mitovirus infecting an insect host.
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13

Muroya, Yoshiaki, and Emiko Ishiwata. "Basic Lul Factorization And Improved Iterative Method With Orderings." International Journal of Computer Mathematics 80, no. 8 (August 2003): 1049–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0020716031000103367.

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14

Wakabi, Wairagala. "Lul Riek: helping to improve public health in South Sudan." Lancet 377, no. 9784 (June 2011): 2171. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(11)60949-5.

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15

Namad, Tariq, Jiang Wang, Ralph Shipley, and Nagla Abdel Karim. "Thyroid Metastasis from Nonsmall Cell Lung Cancer." Case Reports in Oncological Medicine 2013 (2013): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/208213.

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Background. Thyroid metastases are rare. Clinically, they represent less than 4% of thyroid malignancy in clinical studies.Aim. To assess various presentations and therapy for patients with lung cancer metastatic in the thyroid.Materials and Methods. We report a case of metastatic adenocarcinoma of the lung to the thyroid. We reviewed similar reports through PubmMed search from 1997 until 2013.Case Presentation. A 48-year-old lady was seen in the clinic for an adenocarcinoma of left upper lobe (LUL) of the lung; she received neoadjuvant chemotherapy then LUL lobectomy. After 9 months she presented with diffuse goiter initially believed to be a solitary metastatic lesion as it was positive for adenocarcinoma of lung origin on histopathological exam with TTF-1 positivity. Unfortunately, PET scan showed additional mediastinal lymphadenopathy.Conclusion. The treatment strategy for metastatic thyroid disease is based on a multidisciplinary approach, where thyroidectomy would have been considered in case of a solitary metastatic involvement, but further metastatic workup is mandated to direct further systemic therapy versus palliative radiation therapy.
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16

Wang, Guangsuo, Zheng Wang, Xuefeng Sun, Tonghai Huang, and Guanggui Ding. "Uniportal left upper lobe (LUL) trisegmentectomy to show common simple cases." ASVIDE 3 (September 2016): 366. http://dx.doi.org/10.21037/asvide.2016.366.

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17

Chen, Ying-Yuan, Tzu-Hung Lin, Chao-Chun Chang, Wei-Li Huang, Yi-Ting Yen, and Yau-Lin Tseng. "The video of uniportal VATS LUL lobectomy with stage bronchial closure." ASVIDE 4 (October 2017): 445. http://dx.doi.org/10.21037/asvide.2017.445.

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18

Payne, K., R. T. Lipczynski, and C. Langridge. "Hand portable 10 kA injection tester for LUL DC circuit breakers." Power Engineering Journal 11, no. 4 (August 1, 1997): 145–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/pe:19970404.

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Ki-Sun Hong. "A Semantic Analysis of ‘ka’ and ‘lul’ in Korean: Case and Meaning." Korean Journal of Linguistics 42, no. 4 (December 2017): 961–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.18855/lisoko.2017.42.4.013.

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20

Wilson Clay, John-Henry. "Gift-giving and books in the letters of St Boniface and Lul." Journal of Medieval History 35, no. 4 (December 2009): 313–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmedhist.2009.08.004.

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21

Mukisira, E. A., L. E. Phillip, and B. N. Mitaru. "The effect of feeding diets containing intact or partially detoxified lupin on voluntary intake and milk production by Friesian dairy cows." Animal Science 60, no. 2 (April 1995): 169–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1357729800008316.

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AbstractThe study determined the effects of partial removal of alkaloids (detoxification) in crushed lupin seed (CLS) on voluntary food intake, and yield and composition of milk from dairy cattle. Twenty multiparous Friesian dairy cows (first 90 days of lactation) were assigned, according to a randomized complete-block design, to five diets. The diets were formulated to be isonitrogenous (25·6 g N per kg of diet dry matter (DM)) and contained napier grass, lucerne hay, maize bran and urea. The control diet (CON) contained sunflower meal; two diets contained intact CLS at 150 (LUI-15) or 300 g (LUl-30) per kg diet DM. The other two diets contained detoxified CLS at 150 (LUD-15) or 300 g (LUD-30) per kg diet DM. Lupin seeds were detoxified by treatment with boiling water, followed by steeping in cold water. The diets were analysed by gas chromatography for the alkaloids, lupanine and 13-hydroxylupanine. The total alkaloid content of LUI-15 and LUl-30 was 3·8 and 8·0 g/kg diet DM, respectively; by contrast that of LUD-15 and LUD-30 was 2·1 and 5·2 g/kg diet DM respectively. Increasing the level of intact CLS in the diet led to a decrease in voluntary food intake. Cows given LUl-30 had a lower milk yield (11·1 kg/day) than those given LUI-15 (13·8 kg/day;P< 0·01) but there was no difference in either milk protein yield or content. Detoxification of lupin removed proportionately about 0·40 of the total alkaloids from intact CLS and increased food intake, and the yield of milk and milk protein (P< 0·05) but reduced milk fat content. Detoxification of CLS also reduced the rumen degradability of lupin protein (P< 0·05). It is concluded that the reduction in organic matter intake and milk yield of cows given diets containing intact CLS was due to the presence of lupanine and 13-hydroxylupanine. To maximize its usage in diets for dairy cattle, lupin should be detoxified; it can then be included at levels up to 300 g/kg diet DM.
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22

Younes, M., Z. Bshouty, and J. Ali. "Longitudinal distribution of pulmonary vascular resistance with very high pulmonary blood flow." Journal of Applied Physiology 62, no. 1 (January 1, 1987): 344–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1987.62.1.344.

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Dog left upper lobes (LUL) were perfused in situ via the left lower lobe artery. Lobe weight was continuously monitored. Increasing lobar flow from normal to 10 times normal had little effect on left atrial pressure, which ranged from 1 to 5 mmHg. There was a flow threshold (Qth) below which lobar weight was stable. Qth ranged from 1.1 to 1.55 l/min (mean 1.27) corresponding to four times normal LUL blood flow. Above Qth, step increases in lobar flow resulted in progressive weight gain at a constant rate that was proportional to flow. The effective pressure at the filtration site (EFP) at different flow rates was estimated from the static vascular pressure that resulted in the same rate of weight gain. From this value and from mean pulmonary arterial (PA) and left atrial (LA) pressures, we calculated resistance upstream (Rus) and downstream (Rds) from filtration site. At Qth, Rds accounted for 60% of total resistance. This fraction increased progressively with flow, reaching 83% at Q of 10 times normal. We conclude that during high pulmonary blood flow EFP is closer to PA pressure than it is to LA pressure, and that this becomes progressively more so as a function of flow. As a result, the lung accumulates water at flow rates in excess of four times normal despite a normal left atrial pressure.
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23

Choi, Yoonji. "Is Korean case marker a focus marker?: Focusing on ‘i/ga’ and ‘ul/lul’." Morphology 22, no. 2 (November 30, 2020): 334–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.51157/kmor.2020.22.2.334.

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24

Pesut, Dragica, Ruza Stevic, Jasmina Maric-Zivkovic, Biljana Savic, and Ljudmila Nagorni-Obradovic. "Emerging pathology: Pulmonary disease caused by Mycobacterium xenopi - a challenge in clinical practice." Vojnosanitetski pregled 75, no. 9 (2018): 949–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/vsp151224026p.

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Introduction. Human nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) or environmental mycobacteria related disease is on increase. Risk factors are unclear and associations are observed in relation to climate differences, population density, or host susceptibility. With availability of molecular techniques for NTM identification, we faced emergence of NTM pulmonary cases. The work is an invitation more to colleagues to enroll the rare NTM cases into large study group. Case report. During an episode of productive cough and fever in a 73-year-old HIV-negative man smoker with minimal sequellae of pulmonary tuberculosis, sputum smears were acid fast bacilli positive on direct microscopy. The L?wenstein- Jensen culture results were positive with 20, 30 and 50 colonies, and molecular identification confirmed Mycobacterium xenopi (M. xenopi). Standard chest radiography showed no signs of active lesions. Examination was completed with bronchoscopy and thorax multi-slice computed tomography (MSCT). Cavitary lesions in the apico-posterior part of the left upper lobe (LUL) were detected. Under treatment (rifampicin, ethambutol, clarithromycin) sputum conversion was achieved, but irregular cavitation in the LUL remained at MSCT after 6 and after 12 months with signs of minimal regression. Patient?s general condition only mildly improved and asthenia remained. Observed risk factors were previous pulmonary disease, tobacco smoking, malnutrition and prolonged emotional stress. Conclusion. M. xenopi related pulmonary disease, difficult to cure and with uncertain prognosis, is a challenge in clinical practice. Since treatment is still controversial, more randomized clinical trials are needed. Current international multicentre approach might be a good option for a larger sample size and development of new guide.
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김미형. "An Analysis of the Contrastive Functions of ul/lul, un/nun and Null marker ‘Ø’." Discourse and Cognition 19, no. 2 (August 2012): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.15718/discog.2012.19.2.1.

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최준수. ""~lul/ul swu(ka) issta": Nominative Complex Noun Phrases with a Relative Clause in Korean." Studies in Generative Grammar 25, no. 1 (February 2015): 81–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.15860/sigg.25.1.201502.81.

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Percy, Edward D., Carlyn McNeely, Tamara Coffin, Mark J. Kearns, Ajmal Hafizi, Sadiq Al-Khaboori, Rene Razzak, Sharon Ong, and Ahmad S. Ashrafi. "Video description of our technique for VATS sleeve lobectomy of LUL lesion with bronchial involvement." ASVIDE 5 (September 2018): 750. http://dx.doi.org/10.21037/asvide.2018.750.

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Hee-Moon Park. "An HPSG Analysis on the Case Alternation between the Korean Case Markers ‘-e' and ‘-lul'." Journal of Studies in Language 23, no. 3 (November 2007): 373–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.18627/jslg.23.3.200711.373.

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Parsons, S. F., G. Mallinson, G. L. Daniels, C. A. Green, J. S. Smythe, and D. J. Anstee. "Use of Domain-Deletion Mutants to Locate Lutheran Blood Group Antigens to Each of the Five Immunoglobulin Superfamily Domains of the Lutheran Glycoprotein: Elucidation of the Molecular Basis of the Lua/Lub and the Aua/Aub Polymorphisms." Blood 89, no. 11 (June 1, 1997): 4219–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v89.11.4219.

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Abstract Lutheran glycoprotein (Lu gp) has five predicted immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF ) domains. K562 cells were transfected with Lu cDNA and tested by flow cytometry with monoclonal antibodies and Lu blood group antisera. The results confirmed the identity of Lu cDNA. Deletion mutants lacking the regions encoding one or more IgSF domains were made by inverse polymerase chain reaction (PCR), expressed in K562 cells, and tested with the same antibodies. The Lub and Lu5 antigens and the epitope recognized by monoclonal antibody BRIC 224 were mapped to the first, N-terminal, IgSF domain. Lu4 and Lu8 were mapped to domain 2; Lu20 to domain 3; Lu7 and BRIC 221 epitope to domain 4, and Lu13 and Aub to domain 5. The organization of the LU gene was determined. The region encoding the open reading frame is arranged in 15 exons extending over ≈11 kb on chromosome 19q13.2. The Lua/Lub and Aua/Aub blood group polymorphisms were studied using genomic DNA from typed blood donors. The Lua mutation is a base change in exon 3 (G252 to A) encoding an Arg77 (Lub) to His (Lua) change on the CFG face of domain 1. The Aua/Aub polymorphism is an A1637 to G substitution in exon 12 encoding a Thr539 (Aua) to Ala (Aub) change on the G strand of domain 5.
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30

Chen, Ying-Yuan, Tzu-Hung Lin, Chao-Chun Chang, Wei-Li Huang, Yi-Ting Yen, and Yau-Lin Tseng. "The video of uniportal VATS LUL lobectomy with stage bronchial closure when bronchial wall was torn." ASVIDE 4 (October 2017): 446. http://dx.doi.org/10.21037/asvide.2017.446.

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31

문수현, Chungmin Lee, and 김송희. "On the event structure and semantic representation of a record-verb: the case of 'CD-lul kwup-ta'." Discourse and Cognition 19, no. 3 (December 2012): 87–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.15718/discog.2012.19.3.87.

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Kim, Cheon-Hak. "A study of the Particles ‘i/ka’ or ‘ul/lul’ in the Negative Construction of the Long Form." Korean Linguistics 83 (May 31, 2019): 129–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.20405/kl.2019.05.83.129.

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박혜선. "Une étude comparative entre les articles français et les particules coréennes {-ga, -nun, -lul} - Autour de la valeur expressive -." Etudes de la Culture Francaise et de Arts en France 48, no. ll (May 2014): 159–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.21651/cfaf.2014.48..159.

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34

Banowska, Lidia. "Geopoetyka romantyzmu. Rec.: Georomantyzm. Literatura – miejsce – środowisko. Redakcja: Elżbieta Dąbrowicz, Marcin Lul, Katarzyna Sawicka-Mierzyńska, Danuta Zawadzka. Białystok 2015." Pamiętnik Literacki 2 (2018): 241–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.18318/pl.2018.2.12.

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35

Wang, I. Lin, Yi-Ming Chen, Rui Hu, Jun Wang, and Zheng-Bin Li. "Effect of Acupuncture on Muscle Endurance in the Female Shoulder Joint: A Pilot Study." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2020 (September 4, 2020): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/9786367.

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Shoulder joint dysfunction is the leading cause of decreased athletic ability in athletes. Shoulder joint sports injuries affect the athletic performance of athletes. Improvements in the muscle endurance of the shoulder joint can reduce the incidence of shoulder joint dysfunction. Acupuncture has been an important part of Asian culture for a long time. In acupuncture, nerves are stimulated, inducing postactivation potentiation (PAP) in the body’s motor units and enhancing muscle strength. In this research, 20 female participants with full flexion/extension and adduction/abduction ranges of motion in the shoulder joint during isokinetic exercises underwent stimulation of the following acupuncture points in the shoulder joint: Binao (LI14), Jianyu (LI15), Jianliao (SJ14), Naohui (SJ13), Yuzhong (KI26), Zhongfu (LU1), Yunmen (LU2), Xiabai (LU4), Chize (LU5), Tianfu (LU3), and Xiaoluo (SJ12). In the study, there were significant increases after acupuncture in the average maximum torque in flexion, extension, and adduction; the average work in flexion/extension and adduction/abduction; the average power in flexion/extension and adduction/abduction; the total work in flexion/extension and adduction/abduction; the total net sagittal-plane work (flexion + extension); and the total net frontal-plane work (adduction + abduction) (P<0.05). The average maximum abduction torque did not increase significantly, potentially due to antagonistic forces of muscles. Therefore, acupuncture at acupoints around the shoulder joint can increase muscle excitability, thereby delaying muscle fatigue and increasing muscle endurance.
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Gonçalves, Tatiane Silva, Raíssa Nunes Bezerra De Sá, Jéssica Neto Ferreira Pacheco, Alexis Alison Cardozo Leite, and Pedro Manuel Gonzales Cuellar. "RELATO DE CASO: SÍNDROME DO DESFILADEIRO TORÁCICO." Revista de Patologia do Tocantins 5, no. 3 (September 9, 2018): 24–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.20873/uft.2446-6492.2018v5n3p24.

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RESUMO Introdução: A Síndrome do Desfiladeiro Torácico (SDT) é uma entidade clínica com sintomatologia diversa, decorrente de compressão anormal do plexo braquial, na região do desfiladeiro torácico. Esta compressão é exercida, na maioria das vezes, pelo músculo escaleno anterior, mas pode resultar também da existência de bandas musculofibróticas, alteração da morfologia da primeira costela, costelas cervicais e músculos anômalos. A SDT pode ser classificada nos tipos vascular e neurogênico. Descrição do caso: Paciente, sexo feminino, 27 anos, com quadro de dor e parestesia, há dois anos, de início insidioso, em 4º e 5º quirodáctilos e, posteriormente, com progressão para todo membro superior esquerdo (MSE). Procurou Unidade de Pronto Atendimento, sendo prescrito apenas medicação analgésica. Após três dias, apresentou intensificação da dor, associada a palidez e parestesia de MSE procurando atendimento no Hospital Geral de Palmas. Discussão: A SDT acomete mais mulheres entre 20-50 anos, com vários fatores contribuintes, chegando a limitar as atividades diárias e laborais. O tratamento clínico, frequentemente, é a conduta inicial, procurando aliviar os sintomas. Em geral, o tratamento cirúrgico tem indicação em 15 % dos casos, quando a síndrome é decorrente de anomalias ósseas sintomáticas e complicações vasculares. Palavras-chave: Síndrome do Desfiladeiro Torácico; Costela Cervical; Plexo Braquial. ABSTRACT Introduction: Thoracic Outlet Syndrome (TOS) is a clinical entity with diverse symptomatology due to abnormal compression of brachial plexus in the thoracic outlet region. This compression is often carried out by the anterior scalene muscle, but it may be a result from the presence of musculofibrotic bands, alteration of the first rib morphology, cervical ribs and anomalous muscles. TOS can be classified into vascular and neurogenic types. Case description: Patient, female, 27 years old, with pain and paresthesia, since two years ago, insidious onset, in 4th and 5th fingers, and later with progression to all left upper limb (LUL). She looked for Emergency Care Unit, and only analgesic medication was prescribed. After three days, she presented pain intensification, associated with pallor and paresthesia of LUL, looking for care at the General Hospital of Palmas. Discussion: The TOS affects more women between 20-50 years old, with several contributing factors, limiting daily activities and work. The clinical treatment, often, is the initial conduct, seeking to relieve symptoms. In general, the surgical treatment is indicated in 15% of cases, when the syndrome is due to symptomatic bone anomalies and vascular complications. Keywords: Thoracic Outlet Syndrome; Cervical Rib; Brachial Plexus.
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Romps, David M. "Exact Expression for the Lifting Condensation Level." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 74, no. 12 (November 27, 2017): 3891–900. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas-d-17-0102.1.

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Abstract Many analytic, but approximate, expressions have been proposed for the height of the lifting condensation level (LCL), including the popular expressions by Espy, Bolton, and Lawrence. Here, the exact, explicit, analytic expression is derived for an air parcel’s LCL as a function of its temperature and relative humidity. Unlike previous analytic expressions, some of which can have errors as high as hundreds or thousands of meters, this exact expression is accurate to within the uncertainty of empirical vapor pressure measurements: this translates into an uncertainty of around 5 m for all temperatures and relative humidities. An exact, explicit, analytic expression for the lifting deposition level (LDL) is also derived, and its behavior is compared to the LCL. At sufficiently cold temperatures, aerosols freeze homogeneously below the LCL; an approximate, implicit, analytic expression is given for this lifting freezing level (LFL). By comparing the LCL, LDL, and LFL, it is found that a well-mixed boundary layer can have an ice-supersaturated layer that is no thicker than 400 m.
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Swier, Stanley R., Alan Rollins, Rachel Lamarche, and Meggan Hodgson. "Control of Early Instar Black Cutworm Larvae with Spinosad Formulations and Dursban, 1997." Arthropod Management Tests 23, no. 1 (January 1, 1998): 317–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/amt/23.1.317a.

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Abstract The rial was conducted at Hanover Country Club, Hanover, NH on a bentgrass nursery. One hundred 3rd-instar larvae per treatment were placed in a PVC cylinder on 9 Jul. Treatments in all cylinders were applied on 10 Jul. There were a total of 12 treatments, replicated 4 times, with 3 rating dates, in a RCB design. The insecticides were applied using 32-oz, hand-held pump sprayers. The volume of water and insecticide mixture per cylinder was 2 gal/1000 ft2. vVeather conditions were as follows: air temp, 68°F; sky, mostly sunny; wind, light. Soil conditions were as follows: surface temp, 78°F; at 1-inch depth, 74°F; at 2-inch depth, 70°F; texture, loam; sand, 64%; silt, 28%; clay, 8%; moisture, 21%; organic matter, 4.8%; pH, 7.3. The trial was rated on 11 Jul, 13 lul, and 17 Jul by applying to each cylinder a dilution of Joy dish soap and water to each cylinder to force live larvae to the surface for counting. During : he rating period, peak daytime surface temperatures were hot (90°F).
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Abou El-Alamin, Maha M., Maha A. Sultan, Mostafa A. Atia, and Hassan Y. Aboul-Enein. "Novel Application of Pentabromobenzyl Column for Simultaneous Determination of Eight Antifungal Drugs Using High-performance Liquid Chromatography." Combinatorial Chemistry & High Throughput Screening 23, no. 10 (December 28, 2020): 991–1001. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1386207323666200220114818.

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Aim: A new, accurate and sensitive reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) as an analytical method for the quantitative determination of eight antifungal drugs in spiked human plasma has been described optimized and validated. Methods and Materials: The analyzed compounds were voriconazole (VOR), luliconazole (LUL), clotrimazole (CLO), tioconazole (TIO), posaconazole (POS), ketoconazole (KET), sertaconazole (SER) and terconazole (TER). Results: The separation of the analyzed compounds was conducted using a novel pentabromobenzyl column known as COSMOSIL PBB-R (150 mm × 4.6 mm I.D., particle size 5 μm). The analysis of the studied drugs was determined within 14 min using a diode array detector and the mobile phase consisted of: 10 mM potassium dihydrogen phosphate buffer (pH 2.1): Methanol (2: 98 v/v). A linear response was observed for all compounds in the range of concentration studied. Sample preparation was done through liquid-liquid extraction using diethyl ether. Conclusion: This proposed method was validated in terms of linearity, limit of quantification, limit of detection, accuracy, precision and selectivity. The method was successfully applied for the determination of these drugs in their pharmaceutical formulations and in human plasma samples.
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Kim, Hyun-ju. "The development of the ‘[X]-lul khye-’(to light X) construction and its metonymic stretches : linguistic change of Korean by cultural influx." Journal of Yeongju Language & Literature 38 (February 28, 2018): 5–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.30774/yjll.2018.02.38.5.

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41

Hee-Moon Park. "An HPSG Analysis on the Syntactic and Semantic Variations of the Case Alternation between {-i/-ga} and {-ul/lul} in Korean Particles." Journal of Studies in Language 29, no. 3 (November 2013): 463–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.18627/jslg.29.3.201311.463.

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42

Shim, Eunji. "Acquisition of Korean Double ‘ul/lul’ Constructions by Chinese Learners of Korean in Their Perception of Transitivity : Based on the Interface Hypothesis." Journal of Language Sciences 25, no. 3 (August 31, 2018): 91–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.14384/kals.2018.25.3.091.

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43

HENDRIKS, Wendy L., Hans van der BOOM, Leonie C. van VARK, and Louis M. HAVEKES. "Lipoprotein lipase stimulates the binding and uptake of moderately oxidized low-density lipoprotein by J774 macrophages." Biochemical Journal 314, no. 2 (March 1, 1996): 563–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj3140563.

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Lipoprotein lipase (LPL) stimulates the uptake of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) in different cell types, including macrophages, through bridging of LPL between lipoproteins and extracellular heparan sulphate proteoglycans (HSPG). Because macrophages produce LPL and because modified lipoproteins are present in the arterial wall in vivo, we wondered whether LPL also enhances the uptake of oxidized LDL by J774 macrophages. LDL samples with different degrees of oxidation, as evaluated by relative electrophoretic mobility (REM) as compared with native LDL are used, as well as native and acetylated LDL. Addition of 5 μg/ml LPL to the J774 cell culture medium stimulated the binding of both native LDL and moderately oxidized LDL (REM < 3.5) 50–100-fold, and their uptake was stimulated approx. 20-fold. The LPL-mediated binding of native LDL and moderately oxidized LDL was dose-dependent. Preincubation of the cells with heparinase (2.4 units/ml) inhibited the stimulatory effect of LPL, indicating that this LPL-mediated stimulation was due to bridging between the lipoproteins and HSPG. The binding to J774 macrophages of severely oxidized LDL (REM = 4.3) was stimulated less than 3-fold by LPL, whereas its uptake was not stimulated significantly. The binding and uptake of acetylated LDL (AcLDL) were not stimulated by LPL, although the LPL-molecule itself does bind to AcLDL. Measurements of the cellular lipid content showed that addition of LPL also stimulated the accumulation in the cells of cholesteryl ester derived from both native LDL and moderately oxidized LDL in a dose-dependent manner. We conclude that our results present experimental evidence for the hypothesis that LPL serves as an atherogenic component in the vessel wall.
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WANG, Xiaosong, Joachim GREILBERGER, Sanja LEVAK-FRANK, Robert ZIMMERMANN, Rudolf ZECHNER, and Günther JüRGENS. "Endogenously produced lipoprotein lipase enhances the binding and cell association of native, mildly oxidized and moderately oxidized low-density lipoprotein in mouse peritoneal macrophages." Biochemical Journal 343, no. 2 (October 8, 1999): 347–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj3430347.

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It has been well established that purified lipoprotein lipase (LPL) can facilitate the cellular uptake of various native and modified lipoproteins when added exogenously to macrophages. Because activated macrophages express LPL endogenously, it was the aim of this study to investigate the effect of macrophage-produced LPL on the uptake of native low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and LDL that has been modified to various degrees by Cu2+-mediated oxidation. Cell binding and uptake of Eu3+-labelled native and oxidized LDL was determined in mouse peritoneal macrophages (MPM) from normal mice and induced mutant mice that lack LPL expression in MPM. We found that LPL expressed by MPM was able to increase cell binding and association of native LDL (by 121% and 101% respectively), mildly oxidized LDL (by 47% and 43%) and moderately oxidized LDL (by 30% and 22%). With increased levels of lipoprotein oxidation, the relative proportion of LPL-mediated LDL uptake decreased. This decrease was not due to weakened binding of LPL to oxidized LDL. The drastically increased uptake of highly oxidized LDL in MPM by scavenger-receptor-mediated pathways might dominate the simultaneous exogenous or endogenous LPL-mediated uptake of this lipoprotein. Competition experiments with positively charged poly(amino acids) furthermore suggested that histidine, arginine and lysine residues in LPL are important for the interaction between LDL and LPL. Our results imply that physiological levels of LPL produced by macrophages facilitate the uptake of native LDL as well as mildly and moderately oxidized LDL. This process might, in the micro-environment of arteries, contribute to the accumulation of macrophage lipids and the formation of foam cells.
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Murdoch, Susan J., Molly C. Carr, Hal Kennedy, John D. Brunzell, and John J. Albers. "Selective and independent associations of phospholipid transfer protein and hepatic lipase with the LDL subfraction distribution." Journal of Lipid Research 43, no. 8 (August 2002): 1256–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1194/jlr.m100373-jlr200.

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Phospholipid transfer protein (PLTP), hepatic lipase (HL), and lipoprotein lipase (LPL) have all been reported to be intricately involved in HDL metabolism but the effect of PLTP on the apolipoprotein B-containing lipoproteins relative to that of HL and LPL has not been established. Due to our previous observation of a positive correlation of PLTP activity with plasma apoB and LDL cholesterol, the relationship of PLTP with the LDL subfractions was investigated and compared with that of HL and LPL. Plasma lipoproteins from 50 premenopausal women were fractionated by density gradient ultracentrifugation. Correlations were calculated between the cholesterol concentration of each fraction and plasma PLTP, HL, and LPL activity. Plasma PLTP activity was highly, positively, and selectively correlated with the cholesterol concentration of the buoyant LDL/dense IDL fractions, yet demonstrated a complete absence of an association with the dense LDL fractions. In contrast, HL was positively correlated with the dense LDL fractions but showed no association with buoyant LDL. LPL was also positively correlated with several buoyant LDL fractions; however, the correlations were weaker than those of PLTP. PLTP and LPL were positively correlated and HL was negatively correlated with HDL fractions.The results suggest that PLTP and HL may be important and independent determinants of the LDL subpopulation density distributions.
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Gut, Allan, Fredrik Jonsson, and Ulrich Stadtmüller. "Between the LIL and the LSL." Bernoulli 16, no. 1 (February 2010): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3150/09-bej195.

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47

Wang, Feng, Wei Wang, Kristiina Wähälä, Herman Adlercreutz, Elina Ikonen, and Matti J. Tikkanen. "Role of lysosomal acid lipase in the intracellular metabolism of LDL-transported dehydroepiandrosterone-fatty acyl esters." American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism 295, no. 6 (December 2008): E1455—E1461. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.90527.2008.

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Dehydroepiandrosterone-fatty acyl esters (DHEA-FAE) belong to a unique family of naturally occurring hydrophobic steroid hormone derivatives that are transported in circulating lipoproteins and may act as a source of dehydroepiendrosterone (DHEA) and other biologically active steroid hormones in cells. Here, we studied the metabolic fate of low-density lipoprotein-associated [3H]DHEA-FAE ([3H]DHEA-FAE-LDL) and the possible role of lysosomal acid lipase (LAL) in the hydrolysis of DHEA-FAE in cultured human cells. When HeLa cells were incubated with [3H]DHEA-FAE-LDL, the accumulation of label in the cellular fraction increased with incubation time and could be inhibited by excess unlabeled LDL, suggesting LDL receptor or LDL receptor-related receptor-dependent uptake. During 48 h of chase, decreasing amounts of [3H]DHEA-FAE were found in the cellular fraction, while in the medium increasing amounts of unesterified [3H]DHEA and its two metabolites, [3H]-5α-androstanedione (5α-adione) and [3H]androstenedione (4-adione), appeared. As LDL-cholesteryl ester hydrolysis is dependent on LAL activity, we depleted LAL from HeLa cells using small interfering RNAs and compared the hydrolysis of [3H]DHEA-FAE-LDL and [3H]cholesteryl-FAE-LDL. The results demonstrated a more modest but significant reducing effect on the hydrolysis of [3H]DHEA-FAE compared with [3H]cholesteryl-FAE. Moreover, experiments in LAL-deficient human fibroblasts (Wolman disease patient cells) showed that [3H]DHEA-FAE hydrolysis was not completely dependent on LAL activity. In summary, LDL-transported [3H]DHEA-FAE entered cells via LDL receptor or LDL receptor-related receptor-mediated uptake, followed by intracellular hydrolysis and further metabolism into 5α-adione and 4-adione that were excreted from cells. Although LAL contributed to the deesterification of DHEA-FAE, it was not solely responsible for the hydrolysis.
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Sairyo, Koichi, Kazuta Yamashita, Hiroaki Manabe, Yoshihiro Ishihama, Kosuke Sugiura, Fumitake Tezuka, Yoichiro Takata, et al. "A novel surgical concept of transforaminal full-endoscopic lumbar undercutting laminectomy (TE-LUL) for central canal stenosis of the lumbar spine with local anesthesia : A case report and literature review." Journal of Medical Investigation 66, no. 3.4 (2019): 224–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.2152/jmi.66.224.

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Kobayashi, Junji, Jun Tashiro, Hideaki Bujo, and Nobuhiro Morisaki. "Effect of lipoprotein lipase on binding of chylomicrons to LDL receptor-deficient Chinese hamster ovary cells." Annals of Clinical Biochemistry: International Journal of Laboratory Medicine 38, no. 2 (March 1, 2001): 124–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/0004563011900425.

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The authors investigated the binding of human plasma 125I-labelled chylomicrons to Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells, i.e. native CHO cells are mutant ldl-A7 cells lacking the low-density lipoproteins receptor, in the absence and presence of exogenous bovine milk lipoprotein lipase (LPL) in the culture medium. Only a small amount of binding to either cell was observed in the absence of added LPL. Exogenously added LPL increased the specific binding of chylomicrons to ldlA7 cells, as well as to native CHO cells. The enhanced binding of chylomicrons to ldl-A7 cells or native CHO cells by LPL was inhibited by heparinase and a monoclonal antibody against LPL (5D2) which recognizes the carboxyl terminal of LPL. However, the enhanced binding was not inhibited by 1M NaCl, which abolishes the enzymatic activity of LPL in either ldl-A7 cell or native CHO cells. These results suggest that LPL enhances the binding of chylomicrons to heparan sulphate proteoglycans of CHO cells, and that it is the carboxyl terminal of LPL but not the enzymatic activity of LPL that is essential for LPL to mediate the binding of chylomicrons to CHO cells.
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D. Kisilowska, Małgorzata. "The University of Warsaw as a LLL/LWL Integrator: The SWOT Analysis." International Journal of Social Science and Humanity 6, no. 2 (February 2016): 123–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.7763/ijssh.2016.v6.631.

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