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Journal articles on the topic 'Lumbricina'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 12 February 2022

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1

Tulande-M., Esteban, Patricia Pinzón-Garcia, Alexander Feijoo-M., and José Ignacio Barrera-Cataño. "First record of the Woodland Blue Worm Octolasion cyaneum (Savigny, 1826) (Lumbricina, Lumbricidae) in the Colombian Andes." Check List 14, no. 2 (March 23, 2018): 419–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.15560/14.2.419.

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In South America, the European epi-endogeic lumbricid Octolasion cyaneum (Savigny, 1826) is known from Argentina, Chile, Brazil, Uruguay, and Ecuador. Here, we report this earthworm from Colombia for the first time. We found it in areas undergoing ecologic restoration in the Neusa Forest Reservoir, which is located in the department of Cundinamarca. Predominant vegetation in sampled areas is composed of Holcus lanatus, Hypochaeris radicata, and Anthoxanthum odorathum.

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2

STOJANOVIĆ, MIRJANA, JOVANA SEKULIĆ, and TANJA TRAKIĆ. "Checklist of earthworms (Oligochaeta: Lumbricidae) from Serbia: a review." Zootaxa 4496, no. 1 (October 4, 2018): 124. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4496.1.9.

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A checklist of the lumbricid earthworms in Serbia is presented. For the first time, comprehensive informations of all lumbricids in the country are given in order to establish the definitive list of known taxa from Serbia. The list underlines earthworm diversity and provides a general overview of their ecology, distribution in Serbia, and zoogeographical position. The complete list of earthworm taxa of Serbia comprises 74 species and subspecies of Lumbricidae, belonging to 15 genera. One third of earthworms in Serbia are endemics (26 taxa = 35.1%).

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3

Rota, Emilia, and Pietro Omodeo. "Phylogeny of lumbricina: Re-examination of an authoritative hypothesis." Soil Biology and Biochemistry 24, no. 12 (December 1992): 1263–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0038-0717(92)90105-7.

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4

Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey. "Catalogue of the Lumbricidae (Annelida, Clitellata, Lumbricoidea) from South America, with remarks on the systematics of the Lumbricina." Zoosystema 33, no. 2 (June 2011): 141–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2011n2a2.

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5

Brinkhurst, R. O. "A taxonomic analysis of the Haplotaxidae (Annelida, Oligochaeta)." Canadian Journal of Zoology 66, no. 10 (October 1, 1988): 2243–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z88-332.

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A combination of classical and computer-aided methods suggests that the Haplotaxidae can now be divided into several genera. Alphadrilus nov.gen. is monotypic for Alphadrilus smithii n.comb. Delaya nov.gen. contains D. bureschi, D. leruthi, D. corbarensis, D. cantabronensis, and D. navarrensis, all n.comb. Adenodrilus is retained for A. denticulatus, Heterochaetella for H. glandularis, and Villiersia for V. guanivora. The new genus Hologynus nov.gen. is erected for H. ornamentus and H. hologynus and its probable synonyms. Haplotaxis is retained for the gordioides-like species with specialized pharynx and chaetae associated with a predaceous habit. Pelodrilus is retained for P. violaceus and perhaps P. ignatovi and P. africanus (incertae sedis) and its probable synonyms. Tiguassu is elevated to the status of the type of a new family, Tiguassidae. Metataxis sensu Omodeo is placed incertae sedis in the order Lumbricina.

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6

Christoffersen, M. L. "Distribution and species diversity of Rhinodrilus Perrier, 1872 (Annelida, Clitellata, Lumbricina, Glossoscolecidae) in South America." Neodiversity 2, no. 1 (October 26, 2007): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.13102/neod.21.1.

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7

Masin, Carolina Elisabet, Fernando Roberto Momo, Cristina Susana Zalazar, and Alba Rut Rodríguez. "Current knowledge of earthworm richness and distribution in Santa Fe province, Argentina." Revista de Biología Tropical 66, no. 3 (July 4, 2018): 1171. http://dx.doi.org/10.15517/rbt.v66i3.31010.

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Updated list of earthworms (Oligochaeta: Lumbricina) from Santa Fe (Argentina) is presented in this work, including current data of species richness and territorial distribution status and information collected by Ljungström and collaborators 40 years ago. Field samplings were conducted between 2012 and 2015 at 23 sites, located in 11 of the 19 districts of the province. Earthworms were collected following a standard methodology (Tropical Soil Biology and Fertility). The conservation of specimens was done with 4 % formalin solution and their identification was performed according to taxonomy keys. Richness, similarity and complementarity of species between the phytogeographic provinces were analyzed. A total of 15 earthworm species were identified and grouped into ten genera and five families: Acanthodrilidae (Dichogaster bolaui, Microscolex dubius), Glossoscolecidae (Glossodrilus parecis), Lumbricidae (Aporrectodea caliginosa, Aporrectodea rosea, Aporrectodea trapezoides, Bimastos parvus, Eisenia fetida, Octolasion tyrtaeum), Megascolecidae (Amynthas gracilis, Amynthas morrisi, Metaphire californica), Ocnerodrilidae (Eukerria saltensis, Eukerria rosea, Eukerria stagnalis). From all the species found five, G. parecis, E. saltensis, E. rosea, E. stagnalis and M. dubius, are native to South America, and the rest were introduced from Asia and Europe. The Espinal presented the greatest richness of earthworms (12), while the Pampeana showed high values of complementarity (greater than 70 %) with the Chaco Húmedo and Valle de Inundación del Río Paraná. Endogeic species were present in all environments surveyed. In particular, the exotic species A. trapezoides and A. morrisi showed a wide geographical distribution, having been found at 70 and 50 %, respectively, of the total number of the studied sites. One species, E. rosea, which is in the list, was not recorded in the sampling of 40 years ago. The results of current survey show that the number of species was lower compared to study by Ljungström and collaborators (60 % of the 23 species registered). Possibly the remarkable change in the richness and distribution of earthworms could be a process associated with changes in soil use and land management developed over 40 years.

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8

VALCHOVSKI, HRISTO IVAILOV. "Checklist of earthworms (Oligochaeta: Lumbricidae) from Bulgaria—a review." Zootaxa 3458, no. 1 (September 7, 2012): 86. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3458.1.4.

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Little is known about the diversity, ecology, distribution and habitats of earthworm populations in Bulgaria. In the presentstudy an attempt has been made to collect all scientific works on earthworm species (Lumbricidae) of Bulgaria. Thecomplete list of earthworm taxa of Bulgaria comprises 50 species and subspecies of Lumbricidae, belonging to 15 genera.For the first time, comprehensive information on distribution and habitats of all lumbricids in the country is given. Thepaper is useful for further monitoring studies of earthworm diversity and abundance in relation to environmental issues, land use and climate change.

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9

Wallace, S. D., G. J. Forbes, and J. J. Nocera. "Habitat selection, movement, and food preferences of Wood Turtles (Glyptemys insculpta) in an agri-forested landscape." Canadian Journal of Zoology 98, no. 11 (November 2020): 743–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjz-2020-0074.

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Wood Turtles (Glyptemys insculpta (Le Conte, 1830)) can use agricultural fields for basking and feeding, but hayfields can be an ecological trap due to mortality associated with agricultural machinery. It is unclear if hayfields are selected habitat or simply occur adjacent to used waterways. We sought to investigate Wood Turtle habitat selection at the third- and fourth-order scales in an agri-forested landscape and quantify food abundance (berries, fungi, and gastropods–worms) among habitat types. To quantify habitat selection by Wood Turtles, we radio-tracked 23 adults from May to November of 2018. We measured habitat features at each turtle location and three random sites within 50 m. At the third order, turtles primarily selected for edge habitat and selected hayfields over forest. At the fourth order, turtles selected for low canopy cover and presence of woody debris. Earthworms (suborder Lumbricina) were abundant within hayfields, and berries and fungi were abundant in forests. Turtles abandoned hayfields at the end of July, likely due to the emergence of food within the forest. Food availability likely influences their habitat use during the season, and hayfields provide a food source that entices Wood Turtles during the prime hay harvest period, which likely increases the risk of machinery-related mortality.

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10

DE ASSIS, José Eriberto, José Roberto Botelho SOUZA, Maria Laís Martins VIEIRA, João Vitor NUNES DE SOUZA, Gilberto Gonçalves RODRIGUES, and Martin Lindsey CHRISTOFFERSEN. "A catalogue of the Eudrilidae and Megascolecidae (Clitellata: Lumbricina)from South America, with two new records of exotic species from Brazil." TURKISH JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY 41 (2017): 599–614. http://dx.doi.org/10.3906/zoo-1604-74.

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Ilic, Tamara, Milan Rogosic, Bojan Gajic, and Jelena Aleksic. "Urinary capillariosis in dogs." Veterinarski glasnik, no. 00 (2020): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/vetgl191009003i.

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Background. Urinary capillariosis in dogs is caused by Capillaria plica (syn. Pearsonema plica), a ubiquitous parasitic nematode resembling a string which belongs to the family Capillariidae. It parasitizes the feline, canine and musteline urinary bladder, and has been found in ureters and renal pelvises as well. C. plica has an indirect life cycle, with earthworms (Lumbricina) as intermediate hosts and domestic and wild animals (dog, cat, fox and wolf) as primary hosts. Infection of primary hosts occurs via ingestion of earthworms that contain infective first stadium (L1) larvae. An alternative path of infection for primary hosts is assumed to be ingestion of soil contaminated by infectious larvae derived from decomposed earthworms. Infection is mostly asymptomatic, but the clinical picture presents with pollakiuria, dysuria, haematuria, polydipsia, incontinence and/or fever. Scope and Approach. The aim of this review is to highlight the importance of urinary capillariosis in dogs. Since the health care of wild and domestic carnivores is extremely important, this review provides information about the morphology, biology and epizootiology of the C. plica nematode. Due to the importance of this disease for clinicians and increased disease prevalence during the last decade in many countries, this review presents the latest information on the pathogenesis, clinical signs, diagnosis, treatment and prevention of this infection. Key Findings and Conclusions. Capillariosis is usually accidentally diagnosed due to the nonspecific clinical signs and there is no treatment of choice. Practitioners should consider latent urinary capillariosis infection as a possible cause while examining for urinary tract diseases.

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12

ROTA, EMILIA, PATRICK J. SCHEMBRI, and PIETRO OMODEO. "Earthworms of Malta (Annelida: Clitellata: Acanthodrilidae, Hormogastridae, Lumbricidae)." Zootaxa 4311, no. 2 (August 23, 2017): 287. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4311.2.11.

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The oldest museum specimens of earthworms from Malta are two adult lumbricids collected in 1878 by Enrico Hillyer Giglioli, then director of the Royal Zoological Museum in Florence, during the cruise of the R. Goletta Olga in the Mediterranean islands. The material, still preserved in Florence (S. Cianfanelli, in litteris), was determined by Baldasseroni (1907) who assigned it to Octolasium transpadanum Rosa, 1884. This remained the only species reported from Malta in the literature for over one century (Michaelsen 1908; Pop 1948; Rota 2013), until Csuzdi & Sciberras (2014) published a note listing another five lumbricid species and a juvenile hormogastrid. The present paper reports on collections made during 1983–1985 and in 2015, yielding six additional new records for the area.

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13

Antipov, A. A., T. I. Bakhur, D. V. Feshchenko, T. A. Romanishina, N. V. Avramenko, V. P. Goncharenko, O. A. Zghozinska, et al. "Earthworms (Lumbricidae) as Intermediate Hosts of Lung Nematodes (Metastrongylidae) of Swine in Kyiv and Zhytomyr Regions of Ukraine." Vestnik Zoologii 52, no. 1 (February 1, 2018): 59–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/vzoo-2018-0008.

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Abstract The article presents the data on prevalence and intensity of earthworms’ infection with metastrongylid larvae in pork production enterprises of Kyiv and Zhytomyr Regions of Ukraine. In the investigated areas, six species of lumbricids were collected and identifi ed: Eisenia fetida (Savigny, 1826), Aporrectodea rosea (Savigny, 1826), A. caliginosa (Savigny, 1826), Dendrodrilus rubidus (Savigny, 1826), Lumbricus rubellus (Linnaeus, 1758), L. terrestris (Linnaeus, 1758). Th e studies were carried out from April to September, 2016, both in pig farms and on pastures. We observed no pronounced changes in prevalence and intensity of infection during the warm period of the year. Th e highest infection rates were detected in earthworms living under the wooden floor of pigpens and in its cracks. In the studied localities, metastrongylid larvae were found in the most common worms of the Lumbricidae family: E. foetida, D. rubidus, A. caliginosa, and L. rubellus.

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14

Zicsi, András, Katalin Szlavecz, and Csaba Csuzdi. "Leaf litter acceptance and cast deposition by peregrine and endemic European lumbricids (Oligochaeta: Lumbricidae)." Pedobiologia 54 (December 2011): S145—S152. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pedobi.2011.09.004.

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15

Booysen, Megan, Derek Sikes, Matthew Bowser, and Robin Andrews. "Earthworms (Oligochaeta: Lumbricidae) of Interior Alaska." Biodiversity Data Journal 6 (July 10, 2018): e27427. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/bdj.6.e27427.

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Earthworms in the family Lumbricidae in Alaska, which are known from coastal regions, primarily in south-central and south-eastern Alaska, are thought to be entirely non-native and have been shown to negatively impact previously earthworm-free ecosystems in study regions outside of Alaska. Despite occasional collections by curious citizens, there had not been a standardised earthworm survey performed in Interior Alaska and no published records exist of earthworms species from this region. Mustard extraction was used to sample six locations that differed in elevation, mostly in the College region of Fairbanks, Alaska. Two of the six locations yielded earthworms. There was no relationship between earthworm abundance and elevation (p = 0.087), although our sample size was small. Our sampling, combined with specimens in the University of Alaska Museum, has documented four exotic species and one presumed native species of lumbricid earthworms in Interior Alaska.

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Khomyak, I. V., I. P. Onischuk, and I. Yu Kotsyuba. "Ecological Spectra of the Most Abundant Lumbricid (Oligochaeta, Lumbricidae) Species of the Central Ukrainian (Polissia)." Vestnik Zoologii 51, no. 4 (August 28, 2017): 349–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/vzoo-2017-0040.

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Abstract Distribution of species in earthworm communities under the influence of basic environmental factors was established using phytoindication methods. We described the environmental spectrum for lumbricid certain species. A. roseа and A. сaliginosа are identified as everytopic species, E. tetraedrais is rather everytopic than stenotopic. D. octaedra and De. rubidus are stenotopic.

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SIPMAN, HARRIE J. M. "New species of Graphidaceae from the Neotropics and Southeast Asia." Phytotaxa 189, no. 1 (December 19, 2014): 289. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.189.1.21.

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Descriptions and illustrations are provided for 20 new species in the family Graphidaceae (lichenized fungi) originating from El Salvador, the Guianas, Venezuela, Colombia, and Malaysia: Acanthothecis adjuncta Welz & Sipman, differing from all other Acanthothecis species by the rounded ascocarps with covered discs; Astrochapsa albella Sipman, differing from A. meridensis in the white apothecium rim, the corticolous growth habit, the more or less clear hymenium, and the protocetraric acid chemistry; A. columnaris Sipman, differing from other Astrochapsa species by the columnar marginal slips; Chapsa francisci Sipman, differing from other Chapsa species by the numerous marginal lacinae; C. nubila Sipman, differing from other Chapsa species by the combination of a guttulate hymenium and 4- to 8-spored asci; Diorygma extensum Sipman, differing from D. minisporum in producing norstictic acid instead of stictic acid; Fissurina chapsoides Sipman, a Fissurina species with large, muriform ascospores and short ascocarps opening mostly by branched slits; F. gigas Sipman, differing from F. rufula in the larger ascomata and muriform ascospores; F. vorax Sipman, differing from other Fissurina species by the aggregated ascocarps in combination with papillose paraphysis tips; Graphis murali-elegans Sipman, differing from G. elegans and G. lumbricina in the muriform ascospores; G. nigroglobosa Sipman, differing from G. mexicana in the absence of a complete thalline margin; Melanotrema comosum Sipman, a species of Melanotrema with extruding, clavate, brown hyphae on columella and excipulum; Myriochapsa annulata Sipman, differing from M. psoromica by the conspicuous, free excipulum; M. chocoensis Sipman, differing from M. psoromica in the smaller ascospores; Ocellularia pitalensis Sipman, differing from O. maxima by producing hypoprotocetraric acid; O. rugosa Sipman, similar to O. zamorana but with wider ostioles and 1-septate, pigmented ascospores with thick-walled juvenile stage; Thelotrema berendsohnii Sipman, similar to T. alboolivaceum, from which it differs by submuriform ascospores; T. kinabaluense Sipman, differing from other Thelotrema species by small, brown ascospores and protocetraric acid; T. paludosum Sipman, differing from other Thelotrema species by an inspersed hymenium, hypoprotocetraric acid and colorless, transversely septate ascospores of c. 30 × 7 µm; and T. parvisporum Sipman, differing from T. adjectum in the small, grey-brown ascospores.

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Lund, Marie B., Martin Holmstrup, Bente A. Lomstein, Christian Damgaard, and Andreas Schramm. "Beneficial Effect of Verminephrobacter Nephridial Symbionts on the Fitness of the Earthworm Aporrectodea tuberculata." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 76, no. 14 (May 28, 2010): 4738–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.00108-10.

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ABSTRACT Almost all lumbricid earthworms (Oligochaeta: Lumbricidae) harbor species-specific Verminephrobacter (Betaproteobacteria) symbionts in their nephridia (excretory organs). The function of the symbiosis, and whether the symbionts have a beneficial effect on their earthworm host, is unknown; however, the symbionts have been hypothesized to enhance nitrogen retention in earthworms. The effect of Verminephrobacter on the life history traits of the earthworm Aporrectodea tuberculata (Eisen) was investigated by comparing the growth, development, and fecundity of worms with and without symbionts given high (cow dung)- and low (straw)-nutrient diets. There were no differences in worm growth or the number of cocoons produced by symbiotic and aposymbiotic worms. Worms with Verminephrobacter symbionts reached sexual maturity earlier and had higher cocoon hatching success than worms cured of their symbionts when grown on the low-nutrient diet. Thus, Verminephrobacter nephridial symbionts do have a beneficial effect on their earthworm host. Cocoons with and without symbionts did not significantly differ in total organic carbon, total nitrogen, or total hydrolyzable amino acid content, which strongly questions the hypothesized role of the symbionts in nitrogen recycling for the host.

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Davidson, Seana K., and David A. Stahl. "Transmission of Nephridial Bacteria of the Earthworm Eisenia fetida." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 72, no. 1 (January 2006): 769–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.72.1.769-775.2006.

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ABSTRACT The lumbricid earthworms (annelid family Lumbricidae) harbor gram-negative bacteria in their excretory organs, the nephridia. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequencing of bacteria associated with the nephridia of several earthworm species has shown that each species of worm harbors a distinct bacterial species and that the bacteria from different species form a monophyletic cluster within the genus Acidovorax, suggesting that there is a specific association resulting from radiation from a common bacterial ancestor. Previous microscopy and culture studies revealed the presence of bacteria within the egg capsules and on the surface of embryos but did not demonstrate that the bacteria within the egg capsule were the same bacteria that colonized the nephridia. We present evidence, based on curing experiments, in situ hybridizations with Acidovorax-specific probes, and 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, that the egg capsules contain high numbers of the bacterial symbiont and that juveniles are colonized during development within the egg capsule. Studies exposing aposymbiotic hatchlings to colonized adults and their bedding material suggested that juvenile earthworms do not readily acquire bacteria from the soil after hatching but must be colonized during development by bacteria deposited in the egg capsule. Whether this is due to the developmental stage of the host or the physiological state of the symbiont remains to be investigated.

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Obert, Tomáš, and Peter Vďačný. "Evolutionary Origin and Host Range of Plagiotoma lumbrici (Ciliophora, Hypotrichia), an Obligate Gut Symbiont of Lumbricid Earthworms." Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology 67, no. 2 (November 10, 2019): 176–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jeu.12768.

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21

LATIF, ROBABEH, MASOUMEH MALEK, ATABAK ROOHI AMINJAN, JUAN JOSÉ PASANTES, MARIA J. I. BRIONES, and CSABA CSUZDI. "Integrative taxonomy of some Iranian peregrine earthworm species using morphology and barcoding (Annelida: Megadrili)." Zootaxa 4877, no. 1 (November 9, 2020): 163–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4877.1.7.

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Despite the biological and economic importance of earthworms, the taxonomic status and evolutionary relationships of most lumbricid genera are still under debate. Further complications arise from the recognition that earthworms also show a high cryptic diversity. Past and current field studies of Iranian earthworm fauna have resulted in the identification of a total number of 28 earthworm species. However, many specimens do not fully fit into their original descriptions, making the species assignation very difficult. In this study, we evaluated the genetic diversity using mitochondrial markers as a tool to assess the species occurrence of some problematic species in Iran. Four species with high morphological variation were selected: Aporrectodea caliginosa (Savigny, 1826), Aporrectodea trapezoides (Dugès, 1828), Dendrobaena byblica (Rosa, 1893) and Dendrobaena veneta (Rosa, 1886). Morphological identification was contrasted with the molecular information generated through COI and 16S barcoding and the COI and 16S sequences stored in the Genbank. The results of this first integrative taxonomic analysis revealed that D. veneta consisted of two separated clades and that a number of species assigned to D. byblica showed very close relationships with those belonging to the genus Philomontanus. The lack of taxonomic expertise and identification characters providing a clear and unambiguous identification of earthworms highlights the urgent need of new tools to identify species unequivocally. Therefore, it is concluded that more taxonomical studies are needed to clarify the diagnostic characters and taxonomic status of the species belonging to two genera, Aporrectodea and Dendrobaena (Lumbricidae), in Iran.

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KALB, JUTARAT, ROBERT LÜCKING, and KLAUS KALB. "The lichen genera Allographa and Graphis (Ascomycota: Ostropales, Graphidaceae) in Thailand—eleven new species, forty-seven new records and a key to all one hundred and fifteen species so far recorded for the country." Phytotaxa 377, no. 1 (November 23, 2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.377.1.1.

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We provide an updated account on the genera Graphis s.str. and Allographa (formerly included in Graphis) from Thailand. Four species of Allographa are described as new to science, viz. A. atrocelatoides, which differs from A. atrocelata in having marginata-morph lirellae and a smooth, off-white to beige thallus; A. kansriana, which differs from A. aquilonia in having negrosina-morph lirellae and brownish ascospores; A. schummii, which is characterized in having large, muriform ascospores and an open disc with a cinnabar-red pruina, reacting K+ lemon yellow; and A. sitianoides, which differs from A. sitiana in having immersed to erumpent lirellae and longer ascospores with more numerous septa. Twenty-seven further species are being recombined in the genus Allographa, viz A. acharii, A. aquilonia, A. atrocelata, A. elongata, A. hossei, A. leptospora, A. lumbricina, A. macella, A. marginata, A. norvestitoides, A. nuda, A. pavoniana, A. phaeospora, A. rhizicola, A. rimulosa, A. rufopallida, A. rustica, A. sauroidea, A. seminuda, A. semirigida, A. striatula, A. subdisserpens, A. subdussii, A. trichospora, A. verminosa, A. vestitoides, and A. xanthospora. Seven new Graphis species are described, viz. G. albocarpa, which differs from G. glaucescens in having a laterally to completely carbonized exciple, larger ascospores, and a norstictic acid chemistry; G. emersella, which differs from G. emersa in having hossei-morph lirellae and smaller ascospores with fewer septa; G. khaojoneana, which differs from G. bungartzii in having immersed, unbranched lirellae and smaller ascospores with fewer septa; G. omiana, which differs from G. luluensis in having larger ascospores with more numerous septa and a more complex chemistry relating to the stictic acid aggregate; G. schummiana, which differs from G. anfractuosa in having a laterally to completely carbonized exciple and in the reddish brown pruinose, K+ purple disc; G. sublitoralis, which differs from G. litoralis in having scripta-morph lirellae and in lacking protocetraric acid; and G. subschroederi, which differs from G. schroederi in having smaller ascospores and a laterally carbonized exciple. Four new lirellae morphs are defined, viz. filiformis-morph, balaghatensis-morph, leptogramma-morph and schummiana-morph. After several collecting trips to nineteen provinces of the country, further forty-seven new records of the two genera are added to the most recent checklist of Thai lichens. A key is given to all Allographa and Graphis species so far known for Thailand, as well as close-up photographs of the newly described or newly reported species. The following ten names are removed from the most recent Thai checklist: Graphis concolor ≡ Diorygma junghuhnii, G. fissurinoidea = Diorygma confluens, G. glaucocinerea = Graphis aphanes, G. glaucorufa = Allographa rufopallida, G. irosina = Acanthothecis dialeuca, G. longispora = G. koratensis, Graphis nuda (probably a misidentification), G. ochrocheila ≡ Dyplolabia ochrocheila, G. persimilis = Phaeographis hypoglauca, and G. subrigida = Platygramme platyloma. Graphis siamensis does not belong in this genus but is likely a species of Phlyctis. Graphis diplocheila has a clear hymenium and is a younger synonym of G. streblocarpa and G. dracaenae produces norstictic acid and must therefore kept apart from G. geraensis.

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Tisdall, JM. "Earthworm activity in irrigated red-brown earths used for annual crops in Victoria." Soil Research 23, no. 2 (1985): 291. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr9850291.

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Few earthworms were found in January (15 m-2) or September (21 m-2) 1983 in surveys of irrigated soils used commercially for pastures in the Goulburn Valley, Vic.; only the introduced lumbricids were found. No earthworms were found in January 1983 in a survey of irrigated annual crops on similar soils; the soils had each supported irrigated pasture the previous year. However, in carefully managed experimental soils, i.e. with at least 10 t ha-' of cow manure added per crop with mild or no cultivation, used for double-cropping or lucerne, relatively high numbers (up to 86 m-2) of earthworms were present; these included lumbricids, the genera which are usually the most useful in terms of soil structure, and the native megascolecids. No mature lumbricids were found in January in plots without cow manure. Ample food is needed to enable relatively high numbers of lumbricids to develop in row-crops in the Goulburn Valley, and for very high numbers, the surface soil should be kept moist throughout summer. Macroporosity (20-80 mm depth), infiltration and number of biopores (50 mm depth) were each higher in the non-cultivated systems with cow manure than in the cultivated control (no cow manure added). Numbers of biopores in January 1984 were directly related to total numbers of earthworms in January 1984.

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Omodeo, Pietro. "The genusEophila(Lumbricidae, Oligochaeta)." Bolletino di zoologia 55, no. 1-4 (January 1988): 73–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/11250008809386603.

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Padashetty, Sharanappa, and Murali Jadesh. "An Preliminary Survey of Earthworm Species Composition and Distribution in Thenorth Karnataka Region, Gulbarga, Karnataka." International Letters of Natural Sciences 27 (October 2014): 54–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilns.27.54.

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A preliminary survey on earthworm species from north Karnataka region, Gulbarga district, Karnataka state, India, has been conducted from January 2012 to December 2013. Survey was conducted in three regions of Gulbarga district i.e. Afzalpur, Chittapur, and Sedam taluk. Six species of earthworms were identified belonging to four families namely lumbricidae, Octochaetidae, Megascolecidae and Eudrilidae. Eisenia fetida belonging to family lumbricidae, Dichogaster bolaui belong to family Octochaetidae, Polypheretima elongate, Perionyx sansibaricus and Perionyx excavates belong to family Megascolecidae and Eudrilus eugeniae belonging to family Eudrilidae. Among the species, Eudrilus eugeniae does not occur naturally and are produced from external sources for vermicomposting units.

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Pavlovic, Ivan, Zoran Kulisic, and Zorana Misic. "Lumbricidae as transitory hosts in Metastrongylus infection in swine." Veterinarski glasnik 59, no. 5-6 (2005): 521–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/vetgl0506521p.

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Metastrongylidosis or lungworm disease in swine is a disease caused by several types of nematodes of the genus Metastrongylus. Metastrongylidae are biohelminths whose causes use transitory hosts for their development and maintaining their biological cycle, and in this case they are numerous species of Lumbricidae (earthworms). Depending on the geographic environment, numerous representatives of Lumbricidae persist as transitory hosts. In our environment, these are dominant earthworm species of the genus Eisenia spp, Dandreobena spp, Allopbophora spp, Lubricus spp, Octoiasium spp, Bimastus spp, and rarely those from the genus Heledrillus spp. Swine are infected perorally with Metastrongylidae when they ingest infected earthworms.

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Widyaningsih, Linda, and Rilijian Ayu Nugrahani. "UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK CACING DAN KAPSUL CACING TANAH (Lumbricus rubellus) TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN BAKTERI Salmonella Thyposa, Eschericia coli, dan Staphylococcus aureus DENGAN METODE DIFUSI AGAR." MEDFARM: Jurnal Farmasi dan Kesehatan 8, no. 2 (December 28, 2019): 49–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.48191/medfarm.v8i2.18.

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Latar belakang: Salah satu jenis cacing tanah yang sering digunakan dalam pengobatan adalah Lumbricus rubellus.Yang mengandung protein cukup tinggi dan menghasilkan zat pengendali bakteri bernama Lumbricin I. Lumbricin I mempunyai aktifitas antimikroba berspektrum luas, yaitu dapat menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri gram positif dan gram negatif. Tujuan: menguji ada atau tidaknya kemampuan zat antibakteri dari ekstrak cacing dan kapsul cacing tanah (Lumbricus rubellus) terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri Salmonella Thyposa, Escherichia coli, dan Staphylococcus aureus. Metode: dengan metode difusi agar menggunakan silinder dari berbagai konsentrasi. Adapun hasil penelitian diameter zona hambat di sekeliling silinder akan diolah menggunakan statistik ANOVA satu jalan (One Way ANOVA) dengan penyelesaian SPSS. Hasil: Dengan perlakuan sampel berbeda dengan tanpa perebusan dan tanpa disuspensikan dengan NaCl 0,97 % ekstrak cacing dan kapsul cacing tanah (Lumbricus rubellus) tidak dapat menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Salmonella thyposa, Eschericia coli dan Staphylococcus aureus dengan metode difusi agar. Simpulan dan saran: Dengan perlakuan sampel berbeda dengan tanpa perebusan dan tanpa disuspensikan dengan NaCl 0,97 % ekstrak cacing dan kapsul cacing tanah (Lumbricus rubellus) tidak dapat menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Salmonella thyposa, Eschericia coli dan Staphylococcus aureus dengan metode difusi agar

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28

Wüst, Pia K., Marcus A. Horn, Gemma Henderson, Peter H. Janssen, Bernd H. A. Rehm, and Harold L. Drake. "Gut-Associated Denitrification and In Vivo Emission of Nitrous Oxide by the Earthworm Families Megascolecidae and Lumbricidae in New Zealand." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 75, no. 11 (April 3, 2009): 3430–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.00304-09.

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ABSTRACT Previous studies have documented the capacity of European earthworms belonging to the family Lumbricidae to emit the greenhouse gas nitrous oxide (N2O), an activity attributed primarily to the activation of ingested soil denitrifiers. To extend the information base to earthworms in the Southern Hemisphere, four species of earthworms in New Zealand were examined for gut-associated denitrification. Lumbricus rubellus and Aporrectodea rosea (introduced species of Lumbricidae) emitted N2O, whereas emission of N2O by Octolasion cyaneum (an introduced species of Lumbricidae) and emission of N2O by Octochaetus multiporus (a native species of Megascolecidae) were variable and negligible, respectively. Exposing earthworms to nitrite or nitrate and acetylene significantly increased the amount of N2O emitted, implicating denitrification as the primary source of N2O and indicating that earthworms emitted dinitrogen (N2) in addition to N2O. The alimentary canal displayed a high capacity to produce N2O when it was supplemented with nitrite, and alimentary canal contents contained large amounts of carbohydrates and organic acids indicative of fermentation (e.g., succinate, acetate, and formate) that could serve as sources of reductant for denitrification. nosZ encodes a portion of the terminal oxidoreductase used in denitrification. The nosZ sequences detected in the alimentary canals of L. rubellus and O. multiporus were similar to those retrieved from soil and were distantly related to sequences of uncultured soil bacteria and genera common in soils (i.e., Bradyrhizobium, Azospirillum, Rhodopseudomonas, Rhodospirillum, Pseudomonas, Oligotropha, and Sinorhizobium). These findings (i) suggest that the capacity to emit N2O and N2 is a general trait of earthworms and not geographically restricted, (ii) indicate that species belonging to different earthworm families (i.e., Megascolecidae and Lumbricidae) may not have equal capacities to emit N2O, and (iii) also corroborate previous findings that link this capacity to denitrification in the alimentary canal.

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29

Fischer, O. A., L. Matlova, J. Bartl, L. Dvorska, P. Svastova, R. du Maine, I. Melicharek, M. Bartos, and I. Pavlik. "Earthworms (Oligochaeta, Lumbricidae) and mycobacteria." Veterinary Microbiology 91, no. 4 (February 2003): 325–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0378-1135(02)00302-4.

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30

SZEDERJESI, TÍMEA, EVANGELIA VAVOULIDOU, CHRISTINA CHALKIA, LÁSZLÓ DÁNYI, and CSABA CSUZDI. "An annotated checklist of earthworms of Greece (Clitellata: Megadrili)." Zootaxa 4272, no. 1 (May 26, 2017): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4272.1.3.

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The earthworm fauna of Greece is reviewed. According to the up-to-date checklist, the earthworm fauna of Greece consists of 67 species and subspecies, of which 59 taxa belong to the family Lumbricidae, three to Megascolecidae, two to Acanthodrilidae and to Ocnerodrilidae and one taxon to the family Criodrilidae. Three species are recorded for the first time from the country: Allolobophora kosowensis kosowensis Karaman, 1968, Amynthas gracilis (Kinberg, 1867) and Eukerria saltensis (Beddard, 1895). Eisenia spelaea var. athenica Černosvitov, 1938 is proposed to be a synonym of Aporrectodea rosea (Savigny, 1826). The earthworm fauna of Greece is characterized by a large number of strict endemic species belonging to the family Lumbricidae (9 taxa), together with the occurrence of another 10 Balkanic endemic species.

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31

TSAI, CHU-FA, HUEI-PING SHEN, SU-CHEN TSAI, KANG-JIEH LIN, HWEY-LIAN HSIEH, and SHAO-PIN YO. "A checklist of oligochaetes (Annelida) from Taiwan and its adjacent islands." Zootaxa 2133, no. 1 (June 16, 2009): 33–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2133.1.3.

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This checklist lists 98 species and subspecies of oligochaetes (Annelida) that have been reported so far as members of the natural fauna of Taiwan and its adjacent Lanyu (Botel Tobago), Gueishan (Turtle) and Penghu (Pescadore) Islands. Terrestrial oligochaetes have been studied for over a century since 1898, particularly intensively in the past ten years. They are represented by 72 species of which 42 (58.3%) species and subspecies are endemic to Taiwan. They belong to the families Moniligastridae, Glossoscolecidae, Lumbricidae, Octochaetidae, Ocnerodrilidae, and Megascolecidae. Megascolecidae is the most dominant family with 63 species, comprising 87.5% of the terrestrial Taiwanese earthworms reported so far. Aquatic oligochaetes have been investigated for about a decade since 1995, and are represented by 26 species. Of them, 25 are in the family Naididae (including Tubificidae) and Eiseniella tetraedra in the family Lumbricidae.

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32

Rodionova, N. S., and V. N. Petushkov. "Comparison of earthworms’ bioluminescent systems." Доклады Академии наук 485, no. 6 (May 24, 2019): 754–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s0869-56524856754-759.

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The results of a comparative study of the luciferin-luciferase systems of seven species of bioluminescing oligochaetes - Henlea petushkovi, Henlea rodionovae, Fridericia heliota (Enchytraeidae), Microscolex phosphoreus (Acanthodrilidae), Pontodrilus litoralis (Megascolecidae), Eisenia lucens, and Avelona ligra (Lumbricidae) - are presented.

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33

Buslenko, Lesia, and Petro Sydorchuk. "Структура популяцій люмбрицид (Oligochaeta, Lumbricidae) у біогеоценозах горбогір’я Вороняків." Lesya Ukrainka Eastern European National University Scientific Bulletin. Series: Biological Sciences, no. 7(332) (December 29, 2018): 121–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.29038/2617-4723-2016-332-7-121-126.

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Видовий склад дощових черв’яків у біоценозах горбогір’я Вороньків представлений дванадцятьма видами з восьми родів родини Lumbricidae. Найбільше видове багатство відзаначено для біоценозів заплавних лук, найменший індекс видового багатства в агроценозах. Досліджені комплекси люмбрицид формують два кластери, на утворення яких впливає режим зволоження.

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34

Szederjesi, Tímea, Tomáš Pavlíček, and Csaba Csuzdi. "Description of a new Eumenescolex species (Clitellata: Megadrili, Lumbricidae) with new data to the earthworm fauna of Corsica and Sardinia." Opuscula Zoologica 52, no. 2 (2021): 141–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.18348/opzool.2021.2.141.

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Earthworm collectings on Corsica and Sardinia resulted in recording eight species belonging to the families Lumbricidae and Hormogastridae. Among them, Octodrilus transpadanus represents a new record for the fauna of Sardinia and Eumenescolex zoltani sp. nov. from Corsica is new to science.

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35

Švarc, P., and E. Kula. "Earthworm (Lumbricidae) assemblages of forest ecosystems in the anthropogenically." Journal of Forest Science 57, No. 6 (July 7, 2011): 250–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/16/2010-jfs.

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Assemblages of earthworms were evaluated in spruce and beech stands in the Kienhaida Nature Reserve (Kru&scaron;né hory Mts., Czech Republic) and its immediate surroundings, where site conditions were modified by the soil preparation for forest regeneration. The beech stands of the reserve showed low diversity but higher earthworm abundance than did the spruce stands, which in turn showed the lowest Lumbricidae abundance (18 individuals·m<sup>–2</sup>). The highest abundance of earthworms (124 individuals·m<sup>–2</sup>) was found in the soil of mounds created 30 years prior to sampling from the organic soil of the A<sub>h</sub> horizon. The highest species diversity and low abundance were characteristic of areas between the mounds, the soil surface of which was greatly disturbed after removal of the A<sub>h</sub> horizon to create those mounds. The degree to which the reforested clear-cuts created due to air pollution were overgrown with weeds contributed positively to the diversity and abundance of Lumbricidae.

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36

Méndez, J., J. B. Rodríguez, R. Álvarez-Otero, M. J. I. Briones, and L. Gago-Duport. "Ultrastructure of the earthworm calciferous gland. A preliminary study." Microscopy and Microanalysis 15, S3 (July 2009): 25–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927609990584.

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AbstractThe earthworm species belonging to the Lumbricidae family (Annelida, Oligochaeta) posses a complex oesophageal organ known as “calciferous gland” which secretes a concentrated suspension of calcium carbonate. Previous studies have demonstrated the non-crystalline structure of this calcareous fluid representing an interesting example of biomineralisation.

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Bodó, Kornélia, Ákos Boros, Éva Rumpler, László Molnár, Katalin Böröcz, Péter Németh, and Péter Engelmann. "Identification of novel lumbricin homologues in Eisenia andrei earthworms." Developmental & Comparative Immunology 90 (January 2019): 41–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dci.2018.09.001.

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38

Tischer, Sabine. "Lumbricids species diversity and heavy metal amounts in lumbricids on soil monitoring sites in Saxony-Anhalt (Germany)." Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science 51, no. 4 (August 2005): 391–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03650340500201741.

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39

Novak, Аlexandra. "Biotopical distribution of earthworms of Lumbricidae family in Alma-Ata region." Vestnik of Ulyanovsk State Agricultural Academy, no. 4(32) (November 25, 2015): 78–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.18286/1816-4501-2015-4-78-83.

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40

Blakemore, Robert. "Earthworms newly from Mongolia (Oligochaeta, Lumbricidae, Eisenia)." ZooKeys 285 (April 5, 2013): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.285.4502.

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41

Martin, N. A. "Toxicity of pesticides toAllobophora caliginosa(Oligochaeta : Lumbricidae)." New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research 29, no. 4 (October 1986): 699–706. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00288233.1986.10430466.

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42

Szederjesi, T. "New earthworm records from Austria (Megadrili: Lumbricidae)." Opuscula Zoologica 48, no. 2 (2017): 193–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.18348/opzool.2017.2.193.

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43

Pączka, Grzegorz, Anna Mazur-Pączka, and Joanna Kostecka. "Soil fauna research in Poland: earthworms (Lumbricidae)." Soil Science Annual 66, no. 2 (June 1, 2015): 47–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ssa-2015-0018.

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Abstract Living organisms are the foundation of ecosystem services. Of particular notice is zooedaphone, often underestimated and basically unknown to the general public. The present review summarizes the current state of knowledge related to earthworms occurring in natural and anthropogenically altered habitats in Poland, in the context of the requirement for protection of soil biodiversity.

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44

Ermolov, S. A. "Earthworm communities (Oligochaeta, Lumbricidae) of pine forests and small foliage forests in the forest-steppe Ob region." Forest science issues 3, no. 2 (June 27, 2020): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.31509/2658-607x-2020-3-2-1-24.

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45

Kula, E., and L. Menšík. "Earthworms (Lumbricidae) of an air-polluted area affected by ameliorative liming." Journal of Forest Science 57, No. 5 (May 16, 2011): 210–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/17/2010-jfs.

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The study was aimed at the area of the Kru&scaron;né hory Mts. with stands of substitute species, soils disturbed by long-term acidification and affected repeatedly by aerial ameliorative liming. Ten species of earthworms were recorded. The highest abundance was shown by earthworms of Dendrobaena attemsi, Dendrobaena octaedra and Dendrobaena vejdovskyi, which are considered to be acidotolerant being, however, monitored in the high and balanced abundance at pH 2.8–6.2. Ubiquitous species developed in soils of markedly lower pH, viz. Lumbricus rubellus (2.8–5.6), Aporrectodea caliginosa (3.1–5.5), and Octolasion lacteum (3.2–5.2). Dendrobaena attemsi responded positively to low saturation of the base-exchange complex, low C/N ratio and high content of phosphorus, and negatively to the high level of calcium. D. octaedra responded positively to the higher level of calcium and D. vejdovskyi to the higher content of potassium.

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46

Springett, J. A. "Distribution of lumbricid earthworms in New Zealand." Soil Biology and Biochemistry 24, no. 12 (December 1992): 1377–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0038-0717(92)90121-d.

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47

Blakemore, Rob. "Retrovescus, a new genus of opisthogastric earthworm from Tasmania." Invertebrate Systematics 12, no. 4 (1998): 655. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/it97021.

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The earthworm genus Retrovescus, gen. nov. isestablished to accommodate four uncommon species with distributions restrictedto the north-west of Tasmania. The type species isRetrovescus plomleyi, sp. nov., two other species arenewly described while the fourth, R. capensis (Jamieson,1974), is redescribed and errors in the original account are corrected. A keyis provided. Characteristic traits, all apomorphies, are perichaetine setae,tubulo-racemose prostates, avesiculate meroic nephridia and opisthogastry (thedevelopment of intestinal gizzards, which in this genus are multiple in theregion of segments 20–26). Relationships and possible precursors toRetrovescus and to a sympatric genus,Nexogaster Blakemore & Kingston, 1997, which differsprincipally by its lumbricine setae and well developed typhlosole, arediscussed.

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Viktorov, Alexander G. "Diversity of polyploid races in the family Lumbricidae." Soil Biology and Biochemistry 29, no. 3-4 (March 1997): 217–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0038-0717(96)00086-7.

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49

Pilipiuk, Irmina. "Earthworms (Lumbricidae, Oligochaeta) of pine forests in Poland." Fragmenta Faunistica 36, no. 1-12 (1993): 67–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.3161/00159301ff1993.36.5.067.

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Szederjesi, Tamás, and Mete Mısırlıoğlu. "New earthworm records from Turkey (Clitellata: Lumbricidae, Megascolecidae)." Opuscula Zoologica 48, no. 1 (2017): 55–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.18348/opzool.2017.1.55.

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