Relevant bibliographies by topics / Luneburg Lens

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Book chapters
  4. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Luneburg Lens'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 14 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Luneburg Lens"

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Chen, Haibing, Qiang Cheng, Aihua Huang, Junyan Dai, Huiying Lu, Jie Zhao, Huifeng Ma, Weixiang Jiang, and Tiejun Cui. "Modified Luneburg Lens Based on Metamaterials." International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2015 (2015): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/902634.

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We present the design, fabrication, and experimental characterization of a modified two-dimensional Luneburg lens based on bulk metamaterials. The lens is composed by a number of concentric layers. By varying the geometric dimensions of unit cells in each layer, the gradient refractive index profile required for the modified Luneburg lens can be achieved. The cylindrical waves generated from a point source at the focus point of the lens could be transformed into plane waves as desired in the microwave frequency. The proposed modified Luneburg lens can realize wide-angle beam scanning when the source moves along the circumferential direction inside the lens. Numerical and experimental results validate the performance of the modified Luneberg lens.
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Mattheakis, M. M., G. P. Tsironis, and V. I. Kovanis. "Luneburg lens waveguide networks." Journal of Optics 14, no. 11 (July 27, 2012): 114006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2040-8978/14/11/114006.

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Peng, Huiyan, Huashuo Han, Pinchao He, Keqin Xia, Jiaxiang Zhang, Xiaochao Li, Qiaoliang Bao, Ying Chen, and Huanyang Chen. "The Luneburg-Lissajous lens." EPL (Europhysics Letters) 129, no. 6 (April 11, 2020): 64001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1209/0295-5075/129/64001.

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Nikolic, Nasiha, and Andrew Hellicar. "Fractional Luneburg Lens Antenna." IEEE Antennas and Propagation Magazine 56, no. 5 (October 2014): 116–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/map.2014.6971923.

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Garcia-Ortiz, C. E., R. Cortes, J. E. Gómez-Correa, E. Pisano, J. Fiutowski, D. A. Garcia-Ortiz, V. Ruiz-Cortes, H. G. Rubahn, and V. Coello. "Plasmonic metasurface Luneburg lens." Photonics Research 7, no. 10 (September 4, 2019): 1112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/prj.7.001112.

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Bykov, Konstantin A., Yuri G. Pasternak, Vladimir A. Pendyurin, and Fyodor S. Safonov. "Flat Luneberg lens based on a printed circuit with curved conductors." Physics of Wave Processes and Radio Systems 24, no. 1 (May 6, 2021): 48–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.18469/1810-3189.2021.24.1.48-57.

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The use of a printed Luneberg lens is promising for powering ultra-wideband phased array antennas with full-azimuth scanning. This article describes in detail the model for constructing a flat Luneberg lens based on a printed circuit with curved conductors. A certain pattern(pattern) with a relative permittivity er1 was etched on the copper-coated substrate. This was done in order to realize the value of the refractive index. By printing a grid of intersecting conducting lines, a refractive index of was achieved in the center of the lens. The diameter of the Luneburg lens antenna was chosen to be 28.6 cm, which corresponds to 12,4l0 (l0 is the wavelength of free space) to achieve a half-power beam width of 5 at an estimated frequency of up to 20 GHz. Since the design of the Luneberg lens is based on geometric optics, the lens diameter must be a multiple of the wavelength to limit diffraction effects. Operating frequencies up to 20 GHz were selected. The lens was sampled into single cells. If the unit cell size is small enough, the lens can be described as a medium with a certain effective refractive index. As a result, this propagation theory can be used for lens design. The substrate used for the lens was 1 mm thick, the material used was Rohacell 31HF, which has a permittivity of 1,046 and a loss tangent of tg(d) = 0,002.
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Yu, Run, Hanlu Wang, Weicen Chen, Chunling Zhu, and Dawei Wu. "Latticed underwater acoustic Luneburg lens." Applied Physics Express 13, no. 8 (July 28, 2020): 084003. http://dx.doi.org/10.35848/1882-0786/aba7a7.

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Di Falco, Andrea, Susanne C. Kehr, and Ulf Leonhardt. "Luneburg lens in silicon photonics." Optics Express 19, no. 6 (March 3, 2011): 5156. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oe.19.005156.

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Xue, L., and V. F. Fusco. "Printed holey plate Luneburg lens." Microwave and Optical Technology Letters 50, no. 2 (February 2008): 378–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mop.23087.

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Rondineau, S., M. Himdi, and J. Sorieux. "A sliced spherical Luneburg lens." IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters 2 (2003): 163–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lawp.2003.819045.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Luneburg Lens"

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Xue, X. "Planar Luneburg lens design and characterisation." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.492176.

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In this thesis, the design procedures, implementation methods and performance characteristics for various fan beam planar lens antennas mainly synthesized using Luneburg lens principles are developed with regard to acceptable radiation performance and ease of low cost fabrication. The lenses presented are characterised at 24 GHz for industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) band (24 - 24.25 GHz) or for wide-band automotive short-range radar systems (21.65 - 26.65 GHz), and at 27 GHz for potential millimetre wave applications. The derivation of the original Luneburg lens equations are illustrated using ray tracing theory. Then the problems associated with conventional discrete 3D spherical LL fabrication are presented and summarised. The realization of the gradient refractive index of a cylindrical Luneburg lens achieved by three novel techniques is reported. These are: (1) use of a combination method of improved artificial refractive index grading in the lens central region together with the application of the transverse resonance method (TRM) in the lens outer region; (2) use photo lithographically etched holes of different sizes into one side of a standard low loss PCB ground plane in order to introduce a local inductive variation which partially neutralizes the intrinsic permittivity of the material in prespecified localized regions of the lens; (3) use a shape contoured fixed dielectric constant disc with no metal plates. Further the design and performance of two planar extended hemi-elliptical polystyrene lens operated at 28.5 GHz are given. This type of lens, though Supplied by The British Library - 'The world's knowledge' homogeneous, has similar characteristics to that of the planar inhomogeneous Luneburg lens. Finally the general theoretical properties of two types of reconfigurable spherically symmetrical lenses are analyzed and their potential summarized for future electronic scanning applications.
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Normark, Frisk Curt-Herman, and Erik Algarp. "A Discrete Cylindrical Luneburg Lens With Liquid Layers." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-295595.

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In this project, a cylindrical Luneburg lens isdesigned operating at optical frequencies. A Luneburg lens isa gradient index lens that transforms a point source into aplane wave or vice versa. The lens is rotational symmetric whichallows wide-angle beam scan. In this work, the gradient indexis discretized in layers. The refractive index of each layer isrealized with a transparent liquid. Ray tracing is used to designand evaluate the lens performance. We have simulated Luneburglenses with 4 - 10 layers. Increasing the number of layersimproves the performance. However, difficulties are present inthe manufacturing part of the lens considering that liquids withdesired refractive index cannot be mixed.
I detta projekt designas en cylindrisk Luneburg-lins som fungerar vid optiska frekvenser. En Luneburg-lins är en gradientindexlins som omvandlar en punktkälla till en plan våg eller vice versa. Linsen är rotationssymmetrisk vilket möjliggör vidvinkelstrålescanning. I detta arbete diskretiseras gradienta indexet i lager, brytningsindex för varje lager realiseras med en transparent vätska. Raytracing används för att designa och utvärdera linsprestandan. Vi har simulerat Luneburg-linser med 4 - 10 lager. Genom att öka antalet lager förbättras prestandan. Svårigheter förekommer i linsens tillverkningsprocess med tanke på att vätskor med önskat brytningsindex inte kan blandas.
Kandidatexjobb i elektroteknik 2020, KTH, Stockholm
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Yu, Xiaoju, Min Liang, and Rafael Sabory-Garcia. "Novel Broadband Direction of Arrival Estimation Using Luneburg Lens." International Foundation for Telemetering, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/581656.

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ITC/USA 2012 Conference Proceedings / The Forty-Eighth Annual International Telemetering Conference and Technical Exhibition / October 22-25, 2012 / Town and Country Resort & Convention Center, San Diego, California
A broadband passive direction finding system utilizing Luneburg lens has been investigated. With the simulated power level distribution at the detectors mounted on a Luneburg lens, both Cramér-Rao bound (CRB) and the root mean square error (RMS) based on the Correlation Algorithm (CA) for the direction of arrival (DoA) estimation have been derived and calculated. Guidelines on how to design the Luneburg lens detecting system have been studied. Finally, as a proof-of-concept demonstration, the DoA performance of a Luneburg lens fabricated using the polymer jetting technology with five detectors 10° equally spaced to receive the azimuth signal from -20° to 20° is demonstrated.
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Miao, Jingwei. "Ka-band 2D Luneburg Lens Design with Glide-symmetric Metasurface." Thesis, KTH, Elektroteknisk teori och konstruktion, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-214611.

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A Luneburg lens is a beam former that has two focal points where one isat the surface and the other lies at innity. It is a cheap passive steerableantenna at high frequencies. In this thesis, a 2D at-prole Luneburglens with all-metal structure is designed for Ka band. Commercial softwareCST Microwave Studio Suite and Ansys Electronic Desktop (HFSS)are used for simulations.The lens is composed of two glide-symmetric metasurface layers with asmall gap in between. The high order symmetry, glide symmetry, couldprovide ultra wide band property for the lens. Each layer contains manyunit cells. Dierent unit cells are tested in this thesis to nd the best solutiontaking into account both electromagnetic properties and the easinessof manufacturing. A are is designed to achieve better matching betweenthe air gap of the lens and free space. A self-designed waveguide feedingis also used, including a transition from coaxial cable to TE10 mode ofrectangular waveguide at the focus of the lens.The prototype will be built in the future and measurements will be doneto compare with simulation results in this thesis.
En Luneburg-lins ar en lobformare som har tva fokalpunkter, en vid linsensyta och en i oandligheten. Den ar en billig passiv styrbar antenn vidhoga frekvenser. I detta examensarbete konstrueras en plan Luneburg-linsi metall for Ka-bandet. De kommersiella programvarorna CST MicrowaveStudio Suite och Ansys Electronic Desktop (HFSS) anvands for elektromagnetiskasimuleringar.Linsen bestar av tva glidsymmetriska metaytor med ett litet mellanrum.En hogre ordnings symmetri, glidsymmetri, kan ge linsen ultrabred bandbredd.Metaytorna bestar av ett stort antal enhetsceller. Olika typer avenhetsceller testas for att hitta den basta losningen med hansyn till badeelektromagnetiska egenskaper och tillverkningsbarhet. En tvadimensionellhornstruktur konstrueras for att uppna god matchning mellan linsens luftgapoch frirymd. En vagledarmatning designas ocksa, inklusive overgangfran koaxialledning till TE10-moden i en rektangular vagledare, som anslutertill linsens fokalpunkt.En prototyp kommer att byggas i ett senare skede och matningar gorasfor att jamfora med simuleringsresultaten i detta examensarbete.
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Kim, Samuel S. M. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "Design of a photonic crystal planar Luneburg lens for optical beam steering." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/122547.

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Thesis: S.M., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2019
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 55-60).
Optical beam steering has numerous applications including light detection and ranging (LIDAR) for three-dimensional (3D) sensing, free space communications, additive manufacturing, and remote sensing. In particular, there is an increasing demand for LIDAR in a variety of applications including autonomous vehicles, unammaned aerial vehicles (UAVs), robotics, and remote sensing. Ideal solutions are small in size, weight, and power consumption (SWaP) while maintaining long range, high resolution, and large field of view (FOV). Here I present a design for a planar Luneburg lens for use in a silicon photonics optical beam steering device fabricated using CMOS-compatible techniques. The gradient index of the lens is achieved using a photonic crystal consisting of amorphous silicon patterned with a triangular lattice of holes layered on top of silicon nitride. Multiple waveguides can be placed along the focal circle of the lens and the lens is designed to collimate the beam from the waveguides. Through full-wave simulations, the lens is shown to be diffraction-limited with a beamwidth of 0.55° for a lens with radius R = 100 um. The lens is also studied for robustness to fabrication variations. The lens would allow a solid-state on-chip optical beam steering device with a FOV of 1600 with no off-axis aberrations.
by Samuel Kim.
S.M.
S.M. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science
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Mattsson, Martin. "A Cost-Effective Luneburg Lens Based on Glide-Symmetric Metasurface for 5G Applications." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-260088.

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In this work, a cost-eective at Luneburg lens antenna operating at the Ka-band is presented.The antenna is suitable for high frequency applications in future communicationnetworks such as 5G systems due to its simple feeding, high directivity, and low loss.The lens is composed of a parallel plate structure loaded with glide-symmetric holes.The holes are tailored so that the required refractive index prole of a Luneburg lensis obtained. In order to realize the highest required refractive index, a dielectric diskis placed between the upper and lower layer of the lens. Glide symmetry is employedto provide ultra-wideband properties and increase the equivalent refractive index of theholey structure. Dierent congurations of holey glide-symmetric unit cells with dierentdielectric materials have been studied to nd a simple and cost-eective solution. Thelens is fed through eleven waveguide feeds to achieve a scanning capability of 50 in theazimuth plane. The heights of the waveguide feeds are stepped in order to match theirimpedance to the parallel plate gap. The lens is ended with a are to minimize reectionsbetween the lens and free-space.The nal design is a lens with a center frequency of 28 GHz with a 20% bandwidth.The reection coecient is below -11.5 dB and the crosstalk is below -16 dB for the fullfrequency band. The lens has a realized gain of 16.7 dBi at 28 GHz. The eciency is73% at 28 GHz with a metal loss of 19% and a dielectric loss of 1.8%.
I det här arbetet presenteras en kostnadseffektiv plan Luneburg linsantenn för Ka-bandet.Antennen har tillämpningar inom högfrekventa applikationer inom framtida kommunikationsnätverk såsom 5G-nätet på grund utav sin enkla matning, höga direktivitet, och låga förluster.±Linsen består av två parallella ytor med glidsymmetriska hål. Hålen är skräddarsydda så att det nödvändiga brytningsindexet för en Luneburg lins uppnås. För att realisera det högsta nödvändiga brytningsindexet placeras en rund dielektrisk skiva mellan linsens övre och undre yta. Glidsymmetri används för att tillhandahålla ultrabredbandsegenskaper och öka det ekvivalenta brytningsindexet hos den håliga strukturen. Olika typer av konfigurationer av håliga glidsymmetriska enhetsceller med olika dielektriska material har studerats för att hitta en enkel och kostnadseffektiv lösning. Linsen matas med elva vågledare för att kunna stråla inom ett vinkelområde på 50◦ i azimutplanet. Vågledarmatningen har en sektion där höjden ändras i ett antal steg för att matcha sin impedans till impedansen från mellanrummet av de två parallella ytorna. Linsen avslutas med en endimensionell hornstruktur för att minimera reflektioner mellan linsen och fri rymd.Den slutgiltiga designen är en lins med centerfrekvensen på 28 GHz med en 20% bandbredd. Reflektionskoefficienten är lägre än -11.5 dB och överhörningen är lägre än-16 dB för hela frekvensbandet. Linsen har en antennvinst på 16.7 dB vid 28 GHz. Strålningseffektiviteten är på 73% vid 28 GHz med en förlust på 19% i metallen och 1.8%i det dielektriska materialet.
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Yu, Xiaoju, and Xiaoju Yu. "Investigation of Several Novel Radio-Frequency Techniques - Biologically Inspired Direction Finding, 3D Printed RF Components and Systems, and Fundamental Aspects of Antenna Matching." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/623148.

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This dissertation presents the investigation of biologically inspired direction finding (DF) and localization systems, 3D printing solution for RF components and systems, and fundamental aspects of antennas regarding bandwidth and power efficiency. Biologically inspired direction finding and localization systems are explored first. Inspired by the human binaural auditory system, an improved direction of arrival (DoA) estimation technique using two antennas with a lossy scatterer in between them to achieve additional magnitude cues is proposed. By exploiting the incident-angle- dependent magnitude and phase differences between the two antennas with specially designed scatterer, the DoA of an incident signal from two-dimensional (2-D) / three- dimensional (3-D) space can be estimated. Besides, compact DF systems with enhanced directional sensitivity using a scatterer of high permittivity in between adjacent closely spaced electrically-small antennas are examined. Inspired by the human monaural auditory system, a novel single-antenna DF technique is also proposed by exploiting the incident-angle-dependent spectra for a broadband RF signal only. In addition, a wideband superior DF system utilizing Luneburg lens and uniformly placed detectors on the equator of the lens is evaluated. The DoA is estimated using the amplitude distribution of the received signals at the detectors. Moreover, A portable inventory localization system utilizing hybrid RF (for direction, using previously introduced DF techniques) and ultrasound (for distance) signals is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. Next, a multilayer phased array system is designed and individual parts are printed to demonstrate the applicability of hybrid thermal wire-mesh embedding (for conductors) and thermoplastic extrusion (for dielectrics) techniques for additively manufacturing RF17integrated systems. Finally, fundamental aspects of antennas in terms of bandwidth limit for reactive matching and power efficiency for non-Foster matching are analyzed.
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Bor, Jonathan. "Focusing antennas and associated technology in millimeter waves and sub-millimeter waves." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014REN1S169.

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Avec la multiplication des transmissions sans fil et l'augmentation de la taille des données à transférer, il est devenu primordial d’augmenter le débit et donc de monter en fréquence. C'est pour cela que la bande des 60 GHz (57-66 GHz) a été allouée mondialement. A cause de la forte atténuation et de la coupure éventuelle du lien émission/réception du fait de la présence humaine, les antennes à 60 GHz doivent être très souvent reconfigurables. C’est dans cette optique que Canon Research Center France et l’IETR se sont associés pour mener à bien ce travail de thèse. Un nouveau procédé de fabrication de matériau à gradient d’indice a été développé. Le fait de presser un échantillon de matériau composite contenant de l’air permet d’augmenter sa masse volumique et donc sa constante diélectrique. Cette dernière est donc contrôlable par simple pression à une température optimisée. Grâce à ce procédé, divers antennes et composants à gradient d’indice ont été réalisés. L’étude s’est principalement focalisée sur la lentille de Luneburg, qui présente une loi d’indice radiale et qui possède une infinité de points focaux autour de la lentille. Cette lentille a été réalisée avec une variation d’indice progressive et est alimentée tout d’abord par un guide d’onde ouvert. L’étude s’est ensuite focalisée sur la conception de sources intégrées afin de pouvoir les positionner côte à côte et permettre d’obtenir le dépointage du faisceau. Pour ce faire, l’utilisation de guides diélectriques intégrés rayonnant (RSIW) a été étudiée. Deux sources passives sont conçues avec respectivement une transition ligne/fente/guide et une transition avec plongeur dans le guide rayonnant. Par la suite, une troisième source a été conçue utilisant un substrat unique avec une transition ligne coplanaire/plongeur/guide afin de simplifier la technologie de réalisation. Enfin, deux prototypes actifs ont été conçus afin de faire une communication complète à 60 GHz. Des puces réceptrices intégrées de chez Hittite ont été utilisées afin d’alimenter les sources rayonnantes qui illuminent la lentille de Luneburg. L’objectif in fine était d’obtenir trois faisceaux dirigés dans des directions distinctes. Enfin, une première contribution à l’étude d’antennes en bande submillimétrique est effectuée avec la réalisation d’un cornet, d’une antenne à polarisation circulaire et d’une antenne de focalisation en champ proche
With the increase of wireless communications and the required bite rate of data, it needs to increase the working frequency up to the millimeter wave range. For that purpose, the 60 GHz bandwidth (57-66GHz) has been unlicensed all over the world. Because of the loss and possible non-line-of-sight communication, the antennas should have beam scanning properties. Therefore, the Canon Research Center France and the IETR have run a study (PhD) to fulfill this project. A new technological process has been developed in order to manufacture inhomogeneous materials. By pressing a composite foam material sample, it will expel the air from the sample and so, increase its density and its relative permittivity. Using this process, several antennas and components have been manufactured. A particular focus has been done on the Luneburg lens antenna. This one has a radial index law and has infinity of focal points around the lens. This lens has been manufactured with a smooth gradient index law and first fed by an open-ended waveguide to validate the technological process. Secondly, integrated sources have been studied in order to place them side by side and to allow scanning the main beam direction. Thus, the use of Radiating Substrate Integrated Waveguide (RSIW) appears to be the solution. Two passives sources have been realized. The first one is a RSIW fed by a coupling slot from a microstrip line and the second one is a RSIW fed by a coaxial probe from a first thin SIW. A thirdly RSIW has been studied fed by a coplanar line and a coaxial probe and to simplify the manufacturing. Finally, two active antennas prototypes have been realized to perform a complete communication at 60 GHz. Complete integrated chips from the Hittite company have been used to feed the RSIW which illuminate the Luneburg lens. The objective was to implement a beam scanning antennas with three distinct beam directions. Lastly, a preliminary contribution to the sub-millimeter antennas has been performed with the manufacturing of a horn, a circular polarization antenna and a near-field focusing antenna
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Beck, Christian. "Construction of a Luneburg Les Using Bed-of-Nails." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-214745.

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Liang, Yi-Chun, and 梁逸群. "The Design of the Generalized Luneburg Lens." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/5y7vje.

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碩士
國立交通大學
電信工程研究所
105
This thesis, concerns the analysis and applications of periodic structure in the generalized Luneburg lens. The periodic structure in the shape of square patch we use is a kind of metasurface. The metasurface is easy to manufacture and compact that is suitable for the synthesis of Luneburg lens. Thus, it makes the SPPs propagate on the surface and has the performance we expect. We propose using the dispersion diagram of the unit cell and then retrieve the corresponding refractive index in the specific frequency. This is the key point for the synthesis of the gradient lens. Finally, we propose several methods that can improve the performance of the gradient lens including increasing the samples when we discretize the diagram of the refractive index, changing the interface of the generalized Luneburg lens that can enhance the power in the specific location and using the complete 2D dispersion diagram to analyze the variation of the refractive index when the unit cell is in the different location. Theses method construct the basement for the improving the performance and the efficiency of the lens.
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Book chapters on the topic "Luneburg Lens"

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Ayrjan, Edik, Genin Dashitsyrenov, Konstantin Lovetskiy, Nikolai Nikolaev, Anton Sevastianov, Leonid Sevastianov, and Eugeny Laneev. "Mathematical Modeling of Smoothly-Irregular Integrated-Optical Waveguide and Mathematical Synthesis of Waveguide Luneburg Lens." In Communications in Computer and Information Science, 601–11. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-51917-3_51.

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"THE LUNEBURG LENS." In Nonimaging Optics, 461–65. Elsevier, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-012759751-5/50020-8.

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"The Luneburg Lens." In High Collection Nonimaging Optics, 237–42. Elsevier, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-742885-7.50017-6.

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Adam, John A. "Back Where We Started." In Rays, Waves, and Scattering. Princeton University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691148373.003.0028.

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This chapter returns to the subject of rainbows, offering some reflections based on the author's review of the book The Rainbow Bridge: Rainbows in Art, Myth, and Science by Raymond L. Lee, Jr. and Alistair B. Frase. In particular, it discusses various topics related to the rainbow, including historical descriptions of the rainbow, some common misperceptions about rainbows, theories of the rainbow, angular momentum, rainbow ray, and Airy functions. The chapter also considers ray optics, with emphasis on Luneberg inversion and gravitational lensing, Abel's integral equation, and the Luneberg lens. Finally, it explains the rainbow's connection with classical scattering and gravitational lensing, focusing on weak gravitational fields and the black hole lens.
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Conference papers on the topic "Luneburg Lens"

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Kim, S. H. "Cylindrical acoustic Luneburg lens." In 2014 8th International Congress on Advanced Electromagnetic Materials in Microwaves and Optics (METAMATERIALS). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/metamaterials.2014.6948561.

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Yu, Run, Wei Liu, Dawei Wu, and Ting Yu. "Obstacle Detector with Metamaterial Luneburg Lens." In 2019 IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium (IUS). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ultsym.2019.8925813.

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Molina, H. Barba, and J. Hesselbarth. "Discrete modified planar luneburg lens antenna." In 2017 IEEE-APS Topical Conference on Antennas and Propagation in Wireless Communications (APWC). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/apwc.2017.8062292.

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Hilliard, D., and D. Mensa. "Luneburg lens antenna with photonic sensors." In IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium 1992 Digest. IEEE, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/aps.1992.221833.

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Cheng, Qiao, Akram Alomainy, and Yang Hao. "Luneburg lens imaging with compressive sensing." In 2017 Sixth Asia-Pacific Conference on Antennas and Propagation (APCAP). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/apcap.2017.8420937.

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Nikolic, Nasiha, Graeme L. James, Andrew Hellicar, and Kieran Greene. "Quarter-sphere Luneburg lens scanning antenna." In 2012 15th International Symposium on Antenna Technology and Applied Electromagnetics (ANTEM). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/antem.2012.6262330.

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James, Graeme L., John S. Kot, Andrew J. Parfitt, and Nasiha N. Nikolic. "Luneburg lens element for the SKA." In Astronomical Telescopes and Instrumentation, edited by Harvey R. Butcher. SPIE, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.390434.

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Wang, Chia-Fu, Chia-Nien Tsai, I.-Ling Chang, and Lien-Wen Chen. "Wideband Acoustic Luneburg Lens Based on Graded Index Phononic Crystal." In ASME 2015 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2015-52927.

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Abstract:
The present study proposes a wideband two-dimensional Luneburg lens using graded phononic crystals (GPCs). We present a method to broaden the range of operation frequency of the Luneburg lens based on GPCs. The GPCs is composed of circular cylindrical rods with triangular lattice air background. In long wavelength limit assumption, periodic structure behaves like a homogeneous medium since dispersion relations is almost linear. The effective refractive index can be tuned by adjusting the filling ratio. The plan wave expansion method is utilized to calculate the band structures of the locally GPCs and the effective refractive index of the locally GPCs with different filling ratio. Finite element simulations was employed to confirm the acoustic properties of designed device. Our numerical simulations demonstrate that the operation frequency range of GPCs of circular cylindrical rods arranged as triangular array is much wider than those of square array. A wideband acoustic Luneburg lens can be achieved by using graded phononic crystals of triangular array.
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Jinghui Qiu, Shu Lin, and Shuo Gu. "The comparison between Luneburg lens and Single Medium Spherical Lens." In 2006 IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/aps.2006.1711335.

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Evren, Aydin S., C. Babayigit, E. Bor, H. Kurt, and M. Turduev. "Directional Cloaking by Quadruple Luneburg Lens System." In 2018 20th International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks (ICTON). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icton.2018.8473595.

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