Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Lutte – Sénégal'
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Khoule, El Hadji Souleymane. "Politiques et stratégies de lutte contre la pauvreté au Sénégal." Perpignan, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PERP1028.
Full textThe question of poverty is one of the biggest concerns of this century. Poverty is a complex universal reality, deeply rooted and present in all societies. No country is completely protected against this curse. The international organizations discover that this problem is not solved. Even if we can notice an improvement of life conditions in Northern countries, the Southern societies suffer from poverty becoming more and more worrying. Our work treats policies and strategies of fighting against poverty in Senegal. But fighting poverty means being able to define the concept of poverty and to delimit the real causes, as well as formulating the operational strategies of struggle against this plague in its multi dimensions. In this essay we have on the one hand analyzed the globalization of poverty and on the other hand we show that the elimination of poverty in Senegal is for certain a difficult exercise but not an impossible one as miseries and poverty are controllable. So there is no excuse as for the expansion and it is not acceptable to stop acting before having eradicated this curse
Dieng, Malick. "Les limites des politiques de lutte contre la pauvreté en Afrique : le cas du Sénégal." Besançon, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010BESA1036.
Full textKadet, Pierre Diégane. "Impacts écologiques et socio-économiques des stratégies de lutte anti-érosive dans la zone semi-aride du Sénégal. Le cas des départements de Thiès et de Tivaouane." Montpellier 3, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006MON30054.
Full textIn Senegal, there has been a vast decrease in most vegetation and an exacerbation of erosion processes. These problems are the result of two things : the decrease in rain that has occurred since the 1960's and the effects of human manipulation of the soil, including an extensive use of the soil to grow peanuts, a lack of fertilizer, and the exploitation of wood (used for providing energy, building structures and producing hay. ) These activities have alterated significantly the physical, chemical and biological properties of the soil. This degradation is evidenced by gully erosion, the exposure of iron hardpans, the decrease in agricultural production, the increasing scarcity of wood for energy and construction, and the mass depature of rural inhabitants moving to the city. The traditional strategies of AEL (Agronomy and Environment Laboratory), although in some ways effective, have not been able to change the dynamics of soil erosion. Various organizations – using the AEL's most recent research – have developed cultural practices that are more in sync with the region's climate and soil. Their projects include the construction of sandbanks, dikes, compost pits and ploughings isohypses. Despite the fact that the above-mentioned measures were unable to stop erosion, they have contributed to the improvement of the region's soils in a number of other ways. Most notably, they have managed to: use rain water in a more effective way, offer better protection for agricultural soil, increase agricultural and forestal production and output, structure the land in villages more effectively, reinforce the place of the woman in the village community
Keïta, Abdoulaye. "La Poésie orale d'exhortation : l'exemple des Bakku des lutteurs Wolof (Sénégal)." Paris, INALCO, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008INAL0011.
Full textIn Senegalese wrestling, the national sport, there is often a hidden aspect : the production of a rich poetry by the fighters : the bàkku, "self-praise, self-glorification, self-panegyric". The declamation of this poetry is preceded by that of the slogan, the bàkk, which is a call for action ; and another kind of of poetry is transplanted in this bàkku which legitimizes it, the tag, "the genealogy-panegyric". The studied texts are songs of exhortation of Wolof community : they are said in particular circumstances with the same purpose : to stir somebody and make him surpass himself, by telling him who he is. These texts are studied with a diachronic method. The main text, the bàkku, is exclusively said by a fighter whereas the two others are generally said by griots. These texts were collected in the wolof cultural area, in Senegal, particulary in the regions of Dakar, Thies and Louga. Wolof is an atlantic language. The collection of these texts would allow to define ideologically the literary speech with regard to the other types of speech and to develop a popular pedagogy
Ndoye, Tidiane. "Acteurs, système et politiques de santé au Sénégal : des directives de lutte contre le paludisme à leur mise en actes : les rationalités d'acteurs à l'oeuvre." Paris, EHESS, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007EHES0274.
Full textIn this thesis an analys is done about actning up to knowledge in the context of malaria treatmant. The core question of the research is : do we just need to have a good health policy in order to enhance the performance of the related health programme? In order to answer this question, we have carried out repetitive qualitative surveys using various data collection methods such as observations and interviews. Our questioning revolved around patients and health workers' practices. Analyses show that knowledge doesn't predict practices. The set of players and their strategies, but also constraints relating to the social, economic and political environment need to be looked into. In fact, both patient and helth workers do not sign up fot the guidelines of health programmes unconditionally. The former refer to their own local experience and knowledge to consider the benefits and inconvenient of each healthcare system available to them (biomedicine or local therapies). The latter consider all the stakes, legitimisation and the assumed perception of the efficiency or inefficiency of the drugs that are used, and their relations with patients, as well as their own socio-professional constrainsts. Political interference regarding the career description of health workers also needs to be considered. In conclusion, the research on malaria allows us to capture other aspects of in force (political, social, and economic) in the treatment of diseases in Senegal. Far from being a neutral land, the study on health structures revealed the existence of conflicts between various actors legitimating strategies that can negatively impact on health mesures. In this regard health systems are proved to be under critical political influence
Fall, Ousmane. "L'érosion éolienne dans le bassin arachidier du Sénégal : déclenchement, mécanismes et réactions." Reims, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002REIML004.
Full textColy, Emile Victor. "Biologie et écologie de la Mineuse Nord-Américaine des feuilles, Liriomyza trifolii Burgess, Diptera, Agromyzidae, ravageur des cultures maraîchères au Sénégal : étude des possibilités de lutte." Aix-Marseille 3, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992AIX30068.
Full textLeveque, Cedric. "La gouvernementalité aux marges de l’État : la lutte contre le paludisme en Casamance (sénégal)." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BORD0320/document.
Full textThis thesis consists in a Senegalese State analysis in its works and its governmentality process deployed in Casamance. Through the combat against malaria as an ethnographic field of investigation, this work analyses the fabrication of the State legitimacy in a region where it is challenged. It's about the investigation into the relations between the political apparatus (ideological and coercive), the government collaborators and communities through the State works. The structural adjustment of the 80's which has led to the decentralization and the community apparatus setting up, contributed to deteriorate the State's image for the people. A crisis of the legitimacy of the State rooted in a social conflict, exacerbated this deterioration in a Casamance context. This conflict appeared because the people felt that the State was a looter and was unable to provide for their well-being. Today, the imaginary of a State which has "given up" the region still goes on when Casamance still knows a weakened conflict. Consequently, how does the State build its legitimacy when it mainly reveals itself to the Casamances through its violent prerogatives? How does it appear by its benevolent forms allowing to legitimate its presence when its coercive apparatus are so obvious (military control and legitimate police)? Thus, this thesis questions, through an analysis of the deployment of the bio-powerand through the setting up of the policies to combat malaria, the fabrication of the State in Casamance. This research constitutes in this way a political anthropology
Sagna, Marie Rosalie. "Impact de la microfinance sur l'empowerment des femmes et la lutte contre la pauvreté dans la région de Ziguinchor." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26051.
Full textThis present research examines the impact of microfinance on the transformations of the economic, social and political status of the women in the region of Ziguinchor, situated in the southwest of Senegal. The examination covers the social representations which they have of the poverty and the strengthening of their power to act (" empowerment "), at the individual, family and collective level. It is also interested in the strategies developed by the women to meet the requirements of the microfinance. To seize better the logics which base choices and actions of the women, we opted for a qualitative methodology. It is based on structured interviews. Our sampling is non-probability by reasoned choice centered on a voluntary basis. Our criteria of inclusion are the age, the experience and the place of residence. The study was conducted with thirty women and with eight members of staff of organizations of microfinance. The data were also collected by of our observations and secondary sources. The theoretical approaches of "gender and development" and "strategic actor" guided this study. These put the women in the center of the analysis of the relationships of power and the social change. They helped to understand the logics of the women, their représentations, life experiences and strategies, in particular their subjective experience. We can observe three different situations within the results. The first is related with the persistence of a multilevel poverty linked with the large monetary level and the lifestyle conditions level too. The second one shows a limited impact on the empowerment of the women and the living conditions in their families. The third one explains how the economic and political context of Ziguinchor limits the empowerment of women and the improvement of living conditions in their household.
Mbaye, Aminata Cécile [Verfasser], and Ute [Akademischer Betreuer] Fendler. "Les discours sur l’homosexualité au Sénégal : L’analyse d’une lutte représentationnelle. / Aminata Cécile Mbaye ; Betreuer: Ute Fendler." Bayreuth : Universität Bayreuth, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1161799621/34.
Full textBillaud, Anthony. ""Le pouvoir fonctionne" : les experts profanes face au VIH/SIDA à Dakar (Sénégal)." Paris, EHESS, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014EHES0037.
Full textOwe to a long term investigation in France (Paris) and in Sénégal (Dakar), from 2005 to 2009, we propose to analyze NGOs responses against HIV/AIDS in Sénégal. M. Foucault' researches or médical power are used in our effort to understand how the so-called «lay experts» manage to deal with the HIV épidémie. The study combines health sociology and social anthropology of development approaches. Tree mains questions sum up the central points of the thesis. First, why are there so many NGOs engaged in the fight against AIDS in Sénégal (more than 300) whereas the sero prevalence is one of the lowest in Africa (1% in 2008, i. E. A non-generalized épidémie)? The second question focuses on inter associative relations. Despite of a common fight against AIDS, NGOs actors are constantly critieizing the other actors. The construction of the legitimacy of this new category of lay expert and the negotiations processes between ail the actors (publics and privâtes) are two explanations of thèse conflicts. The last question is directly connected to lay expert théories: how thèse actors, out from médical expertise, manage to gain médical knowledge and how they contribute to spread a new knowledge, based on their own
De, Wouters De Bouchout Charlotte. "Le renforcement des capacités entre autonomisation et contrôle: le cas de la politique publique de lutte contre le VIH/SIDA au Sénégal." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209266.
Full textDoctorat en Sciences politiques et sociales
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Pin, Diop Raphaëlle. "Spatialisation du risque de transmission de la Fièvre de la Vallée du Rift en milieu agropastoral sahélien du Sénégal septentrional." Orléans, 2006. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00090785.
Full textRift valley fever (RVF) is an emerging zoonotic arbovirose, mainly affecting man and ruminants. Predicting high risk areas is an important stake of this disease's control, as neither specific treatments nor efficient prevention programs exist. In the agropastoral sahelian area of Senegal, the rainy season is the high-risk period, when hosts and vectors gather around temporary flooded ponds. Virus transmission mechanisms are complex, since they imply at least two different vector species with particular ecologies (Aedes vexans and Culex poicilipes), and sedentary or transhumant hosts. The Barkedji district is an enzootic area. In order to assess the risk level, defined as host-vector contact intensity during the rainy season, we set up a model predicting livestock herds spatial distribution, from satellite and field data. Then temporary ponds, the vectors' biotope, were detected on a series of SPOT5 images and used to assess relative vector abundance. Those data were then assembled in a model, allotting to each pixel of the study zone a relative risk level, accounting to herds density, vector abundance and vegetation cover. Our results are encouraging, although the model has to be improved and validated. The main interest of our study is to present a specific methodological approach, applied to health-environnement matters and based on the study of the interactions between the epidemiological cycle elements and the environment. We also hope that, in a close future, it will become helpful to the senegalese RVF monitoring network
Fall, Ibrahima. "Analyse comparative des facteurs de fréquentation d'événements sportifs au Sénégal. Cas de la lutte avec frappe, du football navétane et du football professionnel." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLS223.
Full textThe study has its source in a concern that drives most leaders of federations and sports clubs in Senegal: their difficulty to mobilize a big audience during the sports events which they organize. This situation raises questions about their current capacity to meet the needs and expectations of spectators, to make them loyal and to try conquer new ones. In this context, the main aim of our research question is to know what are the factors which influence the decision of the spectators to attend sports events in Senegal; in other words, understand the motivations of the spectators to go (or not to go) to these events places. For that purpose, we analyzed the cases of three types of sports shows : (1) that of a modern import sport (the professional football championship); (2) that of a traditional sport (wrestling) and (3) that of a practice between communitarian tradition and modernity - "tropicalized" modern sport - (the popular Navetane championship), in order to highlight explanatory specificities.The results reveal six major factors which can influence the attendance of a sport event in Senegal: the proximity of the competition venues, the affirmation of identity, the passion for sport, the search for social interaction, the pursuit of pleasure and entertainment, emotional stimulation. At the same time, they allow us to highlight some criteria which can lead to better segment the offer of sports show: Their motivation to attend, their regularity, their degree of participation in the actions of “supporterism”, the link with violence , these are enough criteria that can help build an offer adapted to different categories of public.From a managerial point of view, this research work delivers information useful for the organizers. Indeed, they can allow them to have a better visibility of the demand (request): on the one hand a finer identification of public in the form of a typology, on the other hand, a characterization updated by their needs and expectations of their consumer behavior; this good knowledge of the market must lead them logically to more effective marketing strategies regarding segmentation of their offer and targeting of the various categories of public
St-Cyr, Gabrielle. "L'utilité du dispositif international et national de lutte contre l'exploitation économique des enfants dans les pays les moins avancés---le cas du Sénégal." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/28943.
Full textWane, Cheikh Tidiane. "La lutte senegalaise : contribution au developpement des competences en éducation physique et sportive." Thesis, Bordeaux 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012BOR21913/document.
Full textThe Senegalese Wrestling known as "Lamb" is both a sport and an art. It is also as ubiquitous as a huge phenomenon in Senegal. It is practiced in almost all ethnic groups during well-defined periods and also during some specific events. This fight is now part of the process of moving from games to sports like the phenomenon of sportization traditional games, and despite its anchoring into the Senegalese beliefs and imagination, linked to the world of beliefs and superstitions. Nevertheless, it is not taught in schools. In this thesis we try to determine, establish and evaluate within the constraints of the EPS in Senegal, an educational content of this activity as it is considered to some as the sport "king." In other words, what form of school practice in the Senegalese wrestling can be proposed to students considering a share of the constraints of the EPS and also the social and cultural significance of this kind of wrestling? And what are the skills to develop? As part of a modeling of a form of wrestling “with touch” in school, we mobilize the anthropo-techno-didactic approach for the study of practices of wrestling in Senegal and to account for the functioning and the effects of the transmission and the appropriation of a form of wrestling in school. Linking inputs the anthropological, technological and educational contributions, builds a form of practice appropriate and meaningful. The results show that the integration of cultural practices and rituals relating to the activity and the identification and consideration of the difficulties of students and teachers related to the reality of combat proved decisive in the construction of content. Thus, for effective and meaningful teaching, teachers must start from the already-there bases, students' initial representations and from the specific knowledge of fighting not to forget the cultural and symbolic of such wrestling
Faucher, Jean-François. "Associations thérapeutiques et nouveaux antipaludiques en réponse à la chimiorésistance de Plasmodium falciparum : travaux cliniques et parasitologiques au Gabon et au Sénégal et revue de la littérature." Besançon, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005BESAA004.
Full textSpread of drug resistant Plasmodium falciparum impair drugs efficacy favor treatment failures and may boost malaria transmission. Knowledge on antimalarials mechanisms of action have substantially increased within the past few years. Ongoing antimalarials in vivo assessment methods are described and discussed, as weIl as several laboratory methods currently used in the setting of antimalarials in vivo assessment trials. The reasons why treatment options may have an impact on the emergence of resistance to drugs are explained. Defining the treatment options likely to limit the emergence of resistance to drugs is therefore a challenge for clinical researchers. New antimalarials or antimalarial combinations have been developped in the last decade of the last century. Available treatments are reviewed. More details are provided on drugs used in the studies in which the author was involved
Sakho, Mouhamadou Lamine. "Usages du corps et transmission : pratique de la lutte traditionnelle à M'bao." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016STRAG034.
Full textThe traditional wrestling is a duel that is practically envisioned in a collective dynamic.The wrestler is impregnated with a space for practice that reflects the social environment. He gets support from his individual experience but his practice is registered in a social imaginary. The wrestler integrates a group that helps him acquire the rudiments of wrestling and with which he plays his battles.Those close to the wrestler involve in different ways during the diverse times of the wrestling match. Nowadays, this cultural game that is bodily and physical in nature tends to significantly participate in the transformation of the social relationships as a lever to acquire a social status in terms of acknowledgement. Our research method focuses essentially on the field. It is a matter of understanding the process through which the stakeholders, wrestlers- in a process that is specific to them and specially in the lebou village of M’bao take ownership of the practice of traditional wrestling
Fould, Sabine. "Détection dans le sol de Pasteuria penetrans, parasite obligatoire des nématodes phytoparasites du genre Meloidogyne et influence des facteurs telluriques abiotiques sur la distribution du complexe parasitaire." Lyon 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999LYO10333.
Full textDiop, Abdoul Aziz. "Les centralités à Dakar (Sénégal) : un développement urbain entre mobilités, échanges et luttes d'influence." Aix-Marseille 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010AIX10020.
Full textNdao, Ramatoulaye. "La communication dans la lutte contre la non déclaration des naissances au Sénégal : étude des pratiques et stratégies de communication développées par l'ONG AIDE et ACTION dans la région de Tambacounda." Mémoire, 2008. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/1071/1/M10415.pdf.
Full textShip, Susan Judith. "À propos des femmes et du VIH/sida au Sénégal : un nouveau regard, une analyse femme/genre et développement = rethinking women and HIV/AIDS in Senegal : a woman/gender and development analysis." Thèse, 2009. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/2063/1/D1788.pdf.
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