Academic literature on the topic 'Lykov family'

The article deals with the issue of correct pronunciation of the surname of Konstantin Levin — a character from L. N. Tolstoy’s novel Anna Karenina. According to the writer’s youngest daughter A. L. Tolstaya and his great grandson I. V. Tolstoy, the author of the novel and all his family pronounced it like “Lévin.” This tradition is currently preserved in the L. N. Tolstoy State Museum in Moscow and in L. N. Tolstoy Museum-Estate ‘Yasnaya Polyana’. Apart from the spoken tradition there is also a written tradition originated from L. N. Tolstoy himself. Manuscripts of Anna Karenina attest to the fact that L. N. Tolstoy, S. A. Tolstaya and all other copyists always wrote “Levin,” letter “ё” (“yo”) being used in necessary cases. N. N. Strakhov who helped L. N. Tolstoy prepare the first separate edition of Anna Karenina (1878) wrote in the same manner. The tradition of spelling the surname of the character as “Levin” is registered in all lifetime and posthumous editions of Anna Karenina as well as in translations into foreign languages. However there is a contradiction in spelling “Lyovin” in two private letters of L. N. Tolstoy’s contemporaries (I. S. Aksakov and K. N. Leontiev), who were not in his inner circle, and a viewpoint of V. V. Nabokov claiming that L. N. Tolstoy derived the character’s surname from his own name Lyov used at home.

Abstract RNA methylation represents a novel expansion of traditional epigenetic concepts. RNAs can be methylated at adenine and at cytosine residues, and both modifications have distinct regulatory potential. Our work focuses on the DNMT2 enzyme, which is a member of the animal (cytosine-5) DNA methyltransferase family and has long been considered to function as a DNA methyltransferase. However, a DNA methyltransferase activity could not be confirmed conclusively and more recent work clearly demonstrates that DNMT2 is a tRNA methyltransferase. This unexpected substrate is interpreted to reflect an evolutionary ancient substrate switch from DNA to tRNA that expanded the epigenetic regulatory capacity of the DNMT family to also include RNA. To analyze the function of DNMT2, we performed a detailed analysis of knockout mice. These mice are viable and fertile, but also show a reduction of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell populations and a cell-autonomous defect in their differentiation.1 RNA bisulfite sequencing revealed that Dnmt2 methylates C38 of tRNA Asp(GTC), Gly(GCC), and Val(AAC). Proteomic analyses from primary bone marrow cells uncovered systematic differences in protein expression that are due to specific codon mistranslation by tRNAs lacking DNMT2-dependent methylation. Together, these results illustrate the regulatory capacity of DNMT2-mediated tRNA methylation in genome recoding.2 Our current work addresses additional mechanistic aspects that link tRNA methylation to translational fidelity and investigates the relevance of DNMT2-mediated tRNA methylation for leukemogenesis. 1. Tuorto F, Herbst F, Alerasool N, et al. The tRNA methyltransferase Dnmt2 is required for accurate polypeptide synthesis during haematopoiesis. EMBO J. 2015;34(18):2350-2362. 2. Tuorto F, Lyko F. Genome recoding by tRNA modifications. Open Biol. 2016;6(12):160287. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

The article examines the life and charitable activities of the famous Kuris family representative in the South of Ukraine – Lyubov Ivanovna Kuris. Based on the primary sources study, archival documentation and publications of the Lyubov I. Kuris' life period, Lybov Ivanivna's activity in Odesa region charitable societies, in her own noble estate in her homeland and in Kurisovo-Pokrovsky is covered.Particular attention is paid to Kuris family charity tracing and continuing charitable work from generation to generation. Research of the charitable activity basis and types in the south of Ukraine.It is established that Lyubov I. Kuris continued to carry out charitable activities after her husband's mother, Lyubov Stanislavivna Kuris, who worked fruitfully for the benefit of the Odessa Women's Charitable Society until her death.Among the Lyubov Ivanovna main merits is the construction and maintenance of educational institutions, churches, patronage, assistance to sick children and the needy. Lyubov Ivanivna Kuris was fascinated by the idea of public education spreading. As a trustee of Kurisovo-Pokrovsky, she did a lot for the village school and school garden. In 1862, her father Ivan Alexandrovich Gizhitsky founded the first local school in Ryasnopil, which he maintained at his own expense until 1869. Later, Lyubov I. Kuris tried to continue his work.However, the greatest cause in the field of charity Lyubov I. Kuris was her participation in the work of the Odessa Society for the Sick Children Care. She devoted almost 30 years of her life to this activity, having done many good deeds and invested in it her Christian love, charity and unquenchable energy.Lyubov I. Kuris' activity as the chairman of the society allowed to establish contacts and involve many famous and influential people of the city. The main achievement of the Society was the medical station for children and a children's kitchen "Drop of Milk" construction. By 1901, more than 1,500 children had undergone a treatment full course at the sanitary station. Lyubov I. Kuris was also a member of the Odessa Society of History and Antiquities, was a philanthropist, passing part of her husband's collection, antique exhibits, the museum for the benefit of society.

Abstract Freshwater ecosystems worldwide are facing the establishment of non-native species, which, in certain cases, exhibit invasive characteristics. The impacts of invaders on native communities are often detrimental, yet, the number and spread of non-native invasive species is increasing. This is resulting in novel and often unexpected combinations of non-native and native species in natural communities. While the impact of invaders on native species is increasingly well-documented, the interactions of non-native invaders with other non-native invaders are less studied. We assessed the potential of an invasive amphipod, the killer shrimp Dikerogammarus villosus (Sowinsky, 1894), to cope with other established invaders in European waters: North American crayfish of the Astacidae family—represented by signal crayfish Pacifastacus leniusculus (Dana, 1852), and the Cambaridae family—represented by marbled crayfish Procambarus virginalis Lyko, 2017. The main goal of this study was to investigate if killer shrimp, besides their role as prey of crayfish, can significantly influence their stocks by predating upon their eggs, hatchlings and free-moving early juveniles. Our results confirmed that killer shrimp can predate on crayfish eggs and hatchlings even directly from females abdomens where they are incubated and protected. As marbled crayfish have smaller and thinner egg shells as well as smaller juveniles than signal crayfish, they were more predated upon by killer shrimp than were signal crayfish. These results confirmed that the invasive killer shrimp can feed on different developmental stages of larger freshwater crustaceans and possibly other aquatic organisms.