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Journal articles on the topic 'Lymphocyte precursors'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 11 March 2023

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Thiele, D. L., and P. E. Lipsky. "Leu-Leu-OMe sensitivity of human activated killer cells: delineation of a distinct class of cytotoxic T lymphocytes capable of lysing tumor targets." Journal of Immunology 137, no. 4 (1986): 1399–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.137.4.1399.

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Abstract Sensitivity to L-leucyl-L-leucine methyl ester (Leu-Leu-OMe) was used to characterize the phenotype of human activated killer cells. Natural killer cells (NK) and the precursors of both the alloantigen-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) and the NK-like activated killer cells generated after stimulation with allogeneic cells were deleted from human peripheral blood lymphocytes by preincubation with Leu-Leu-OMe. It was noted, however, that cytotoxic lymphocytes could be generated from Leu-Leu-OMe-treated lymphocyte precursors after 2 to 6 days of culture with the nonspecific mitogen

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2

Zhuk, Ye A., and V. A. Galenok. "T-lymphocyte precursors in diabetics." Problems of Endocrinology 41, no. 2 (1995): 4–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.14341/probl11356.

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Patients with types I, II, and pancreatogenic diabetes mellitus were examined for the counts of T precursor cells using autorosette formation test in the presence of t-activin, an activator of T lymphocyte differentiation. The counts of T lymphocyte precursors in patients with type II and pancreatogenic diabetes were virtually the same as in normal subjects. Disorders of cellular immunity in type I diabetes mellitus were found to be associated with depletion of pre-T-lymphocytes. These changes were the most manifest in the decompensation phase (ketoacidosis state). The results may be useful in

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3

Peddie, Clare M., and Valerie J. Smith. "‘Lymphocyte-like’cells in ascidians: Precursors for vertebrate lymphocytes?" Fish & Shellfish Immunology 5, no. 8 (1995): 613–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1050-4648(95)80045-x.

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4

Sanders, V. M., and F. E. Powell-Oliver. "Beta 2-adrenoceptor stimulation increases the number of antigen-specific precursor B lymphocytes that differentiate into IgM-secreting cells without affecting burst size." Journal of Immunology 148, no. 6 (1992): 1822–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.148.6.1822.

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Abstract Previous studies have shown that early addition of a beta 2-adrenergic agonist to whole splenocyte cultures immunized with SRBC induced an increase in the number of cells secreting Ag-specific antibody. Because of the low frequency of Ag-specific B lymphocytes in these cultures, it has been difficult to determine the cellular mechanism by which this increase is produced. To gain insight into this cellular mechanism, the present study was designed to evaluate the responsiveness of TNP-specific B lymphocytes cultured at both high density and limiting dilution with keyhole limpet hemocya

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5

Griffiths, S. D., D. T. Goodhead, S. J. Marsden, et al. "Interleukin 7-dependent B lymphocyte precursor cells are ultrasensitive to apoptosis." Journal of Experimental Medicine 179, no. 6 (1994): 1789–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.179.6.1789.

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We have compared the sensitivity of clonogenic interleukin 7 (IL-7)-dependent murine B cell precursors with that of clonogenic mature B cells and myeloid precursors to alpha-particles from plutonium-238 and X radiation. All three populations are relatively sensitive, but B cell precursors are ultrasensitive. This differential sensitivity is also observed with corticosteroid, etoposide, and cisplatin, all apoptosis-inducing drugs used in the treatment of leukemia and other cancers. Further, we show that x-rays and drugs induce the bulk of the B cell precursor population to undergo rapid apoptos

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6

Arvin, A. M., M. Sharp, S. Smith, et al. "Equivalent recognition of a varicella-zoster virus immediate early protein (IE62) and glycoprotein I by cytotoxic T lymphocytes of either CD4+ or CD8+ phenotype." Journal of Immunology 146, no. 1 (1991): 257–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.146.1.257.

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Abstract Immunity to varicella-zoster virus (VZV), a member of the alpha-herpes virus family, exemplifies the host response to an ubiquitous human viral pathogen. In this investigation of the cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response to VZV, the depletion of CD4+ T lymphocytes made it possible to demonstrate CD8(+)-mediated cytotoxic function against autologous VZV-infected lymphoblastoid cells targets. CTL recognition of two major VZV proteins, the immediate early protein (IE62) and gp I, was demonstrated in limiting dilution cultures of T lymphocytes obtained from immune donors, stimulated with

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7

Kumagai‐Braesch, Makiko, Masahiro Satake, Olle Korsgren, Arne Andersson, and Erna Möller. "Characterization of cellular human anti‐porcine xenoreactivity." Clinical Transplantation 7, no. 3 (1993): 273–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-0012.1993.tb00917.x.

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The cellular xenoimmune reactivity of human responder cells reactive against porcine stimulator cells has been characterized. The xenogeneic mixed lymphocyte bulk culture reactivity is slightly lower than the allogeneic response but peak reactivity occurs with similar kinetics and secondary responses of primed lymphocytes are comparable. The xeno‐MLR was directed against pig MHC class II molecules as indicated by blocking using specific monoclonal antibodies. Production of IL‐2 was delayed and significantly lower in the xeno‐MLR. The low proliferative xenoresponse could not be restored by the

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8

Kiziroglu, F., and R. G. Miller. "In vivo functional clonal deletion of recipient CD4+ T helper precursor cells that can recognize class II MHC on injected donor lymphoid cells." Journal of Immunology 146, no. 4 (1991): 1104–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.146.4.1104.

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Abstract Intravenous injection of semiallogeneic (C57BL/6XDBA/2)F1 lymphocytes into adult C57BL/6 recipient mice not only, as previously reported, reduces the recipients' cytotoxic T lymphocyte response in a subsequent in vitro mixed lymphocyte reaction against the injected cell type, but also reduces Th cell function in the same MLR. Thus lymphoid cells derived from the injected mice were greatly reduced in their ability to proliferate and to produce IL-2 in response to (C57BL/6XDBA/2)F1 stimulator cells in vitro, whereas third party responses were unaffected. This appears to be due to a redu

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9

Janssen, O., C. Nerl, and D. Kabelitz. "T cells in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia: quantitative assessment of cytotoxic and interleukin-2-producing lymphocyte precursors by limiting dilution analysis." Blood 73, no. 6 (1989): 1622–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v73.6.1622.1622.

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Abstract Controversy exists as to the functional capacity of T lymphocytes in patients with B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). We have used a limiting dilution (LD) culture approach to quantitatively assess frequencies of proliferating lymphocyte precursors (PLP), cytotoxic lymphocyte precursors (CLP), and interleukin-2 (IL-2)-producing helper lymphocyte precursors (HLP). Unseparated mononuclear cells (MNC) or purified T cells (E+) and leukemic B cells (E-) were cocultured under LD conditions with irradiated OKT3 hybridoma cells in the absence (determination of HLP) or presence of reco

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10

Janssen, O., C. Nerl, and D. Kabelitz. "T cells in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia: quantitative assessment of cytotoxic and interleukin-2-producing lymphocyte precursors by limiting dilution analysis." Blood 73, no. 6 (1989): 1622–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v73.6.1622.bloodjournal7361622.

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Controversy exists as to the functional capacity of T lymphocytes in patients with B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). We have used a limiting dilution (LD) culture approach to quantitatively assess frequencies of proliferating lymphocyte precursors (PLP), cytotoxic lymphocyte precursors (CLP), and interleukin-2 (IL-2)-producing helper lymphocyte precursors (HLP). Unseparated mononuclear cells (MNC) or purified T cells (E+) and leukemic B cells (E-) were cocultured under LD conditions with irradiated OKT3 hybridoma cells in the absence (determination of HLP) or presence of recombinant I

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11

Oliver, Paula M., Michael Wang, Yanan Zhu, Janice White, John Kappler, and Philippa Marrack. "Loss of Bim Allows Precursor B Cell Survival But Not Precursor B Cell Differentiation in the Absence of Interleukin 7." Journal of Experimental Medicine 200, no. 9 (2004): 1179–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.20041129.

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Interleukin (IL)-7 is a stromal cell–derived cytokine required for the survival, proliferation, and differentiation of B cell precursors. Members of the Bcl-2 family of proteins are known to have profound effects on lymphocyte survival, but not lymphocyte differentiation. To distinguish the relative dependence on IL-7 of B cell precursor survival versus B cell differentiation, the combined effects of lack of IL-7 and lack of the proapoptotic Bcl-2 relative, Bim, were studied. Bim is expressed to varying degrees in all B cell precursors and B cells. Lack of Bim compensated for lack of IL-7 in t

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12

Skinner, M. A., R. W. Finberg, and H. C. J. Ertl. "Regulation of cytotoxic lymphocyte precursors." Cellular Immunology 100, no. 1 (1986): 239–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0008-8749(86)90023-7.

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13

Miescher, S., T. L. Whiteside, L. Moretta, and V. von Fliedner. "Clonal and frequency analyses of tumor-infiltrating T lymphocytes from human solid tumors." Journal of Immunology 138, no. 11 (1987): 4004–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.138.11.4004.

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Abstract A limiting dilution analysis (LDA) was used to assess the functional profiles of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) recovered from 15 human solid tumors. The microculture system applied in this study has been shown to allow virtually all normal peripheral blood T lymphocytes (PBL-T) to undergo clonal proliferation and was applied to obtain estimates of the frequency of both proliferating and cytolytic cells among the TIL population. A total of 624 microcultures proliferating in the presence of irradiated allogeneic spleen cells and interleukin 2 (IL 2) were expanded for clonal analy

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14

Medina, K. L., G. Smithson, and P. W. Kincade. "Suppression of B lymphopoiesis during normal pregnancy." Journal of Experimental Medicine 178, no. 5 (1993): 1507–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.178.5.1507.

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We describe a dramatic reduction in numbers and activity of committed B lymphocyte precursors in the bone marrow of normal pregnant mice. Changes in cells responsive to IL-7 were evident as early as 6.5 d of pregnancy and values were &lt; 10% of normal at parturition. B lineage precursors, identified by display of CD45R and absence of surface IgM, were also substantially depressed, and subpopulations representing different stages in the B lineage were assessed by three-color flow cytometry. Early pro-B cells are medium to large in size and have been previously characterized by low expressi

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15

Carmichael, A., X. Jin, P. Sissons, and L. Borysiewicz. "Quantitative analysis of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response at different stages of HIV-1 infection: differential CTL responses to HIV-1 and Epstein-Barr virus in late disease." Journal of Experimental Medicine 177, no. 2 (1993): 249–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.177.2.249.

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Major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-restricted cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) are part of the cellular immune response to human persistent virus infections. Measurements of the frequency and specificity of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-specific CTL and their variation with time may indicate their relative importance in modulating the progression of HIV-1 infection. We have used limiting dilution analysis (LDA) to derive quantitative estimates of the frequency of HIV-1-specific CTL precursors in a cross-sectional study of 23 patients at different clinical stages of HIV-1 infecti

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16

Carlyle, James R., and Juan Carlos Zúñiga-Pflücker. "Regulation of NK1.1 Expression During Lineage Commitment of Progenitor Thymocytes." Journal of Immunology 161, no. 12 (1998): 6544–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.161.12.6544.

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Abstract We recently identified a stage in fetal ontogeny (NK1.1+/CD117+) that defines committed progenitors for T and NK lymphocytes. These cells are found in the fetal thymus as early as day 13 of gestation, but are absent in the fetal liver. Nonetheless, multipotent precursors derived from both the fetal thymus and fetal liver are capable of rapidly differentiating to the NK1.1+ stage upon transfer into fetal thymic organ culture (FTOC). This suggests that expression of NK1.1 marks a thymus-induced lineage commitment event. We now report that a subset of the most immature fetal thymocytes (

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17

Wu, L., C. L. Li, and K. Shortman. "Thymic dendritic cell precursors: relationship to the T lymphocyte lineage and phenotype of the dendritic cell progeny." Journal of Experimental Medicine 184, no. 3 (1996): 903–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.184.3.903.

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Successive T-precursors isolated from adult mouse thymus were examined for their developmental potential, by transfer to irradiated Ly 5-disparate recipients. The earliest, "low CD4" precursors formed T, B, and dendritic cells (DC), but not myeloid cells, in accordance with earlier studies. Surprisingly, the next downstream CD4-8-3 44+25+ precursor population still formed DC as well as T cells although it no longer formed B or myeloid cells. Further down-stream, the CD4-8 3-44-25+ population formed only T cells. The thymic and splenic DC progeny of the early thymic precursors all expressed hig

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18

McKearn, J. P., J. McCubrey, and B. Fagg. "Enrichment of hematopoietic precursor cells and cloning of multipotential B-lymphocyte precursors." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 82, no. 21 (1985): 7414–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.82.21.7414.

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19

Park, JR, ID Bernstein, and DM Hockenbery. "Primitive human hematopoietic precursors express Bcl-x but not Bcl-2." Blood 86, no. 3 (1995): 868–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v86.3.868.868.

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Abstract Bcl-2 and its homologue, bcl-xL, encode membrane-associated proteins that suppress programmed cell death of hematopoietic cell lines after growth factor withdrawal, and are expressed in hematopoietic precursor cells. To better understand the maintenance of long-term survival in the hematopoietic stem cell population, we evaluated the expression patterns of Bcl-2 and Bcl-x in primitive hematopoietic precursor populations. Hematopoietic precursor cells expressing CD34 (CD34+) and lacking maturation-linked surface antigens (lin-) were isolated from adult human bone marrow using two-color

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20

Park, JR, ID Bernstein, and DM Hockenbery. "Primitive human hematopoietic precursors express Bcl-x but not Bcl-2." Blood 86, no. 3 (1995): 868–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v86.3.868.bloodjournal863868.

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Bcl-2 and its homologue, bcl-xL, encode membrane-associated proteins that suppress programmed cell death of hematopoietic cell lines after growth factor withdrawal, and are expressed in hematopoietic precursor cells. To better understand the maintenance of long-term survival in the hematopoietic stem cell population, we evaluated the expression patterns of Bcl-2 and Bcl-x in primitive hematopoietic precursor populations. Hematopoietic precursor cells expressing CD34 (CD34+) and lacking maturation-linked surface antigens (lin-) were isolated from adult human bone marrow using two-color immunofl

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21

Lee, Barclay J., and Emily M. Mace. "From stem cell to immune effector: how adhesion, migration, and polarity shape T-cell and natural killer cell lymphocyte development in vitro and in vivo." Molecular Biology of the Cell 31, no. 10 (2020): 981–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.e19-08-0424.

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Lymphocyte development is a complex and coordinated pathway originating from pluripotent stem cells during embryogenesis and continuing even as matured lymphocytes are primed and educated in adult tissue. Hematopoietic stem cells develop in a specialized niche that includes extracellular matrix and supporting stromal and endothelial cells that both maintain stem cell pluripotency and enable the generation of differentiated cells. Cues for lymphocyte development include changes in integrin-dependent cell motility and adhesion which ultimately help to determine cell fate. The capacity of lymphoc

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22

Tripp, R. A., D. J. Topham, S. R. Watson, and P. C. Doherty. "Bone marrow can function as a lymphoid organ during a primary immune response under conditions of disrupted lymphocyte trafficking." Journal of Immunology 158, no. 8 (1997): 3716–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.158.8.3716.

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Abstract In this study we sought to better understand lymphocyte trafficking patterns and the function of secondary lymphoid organs, such as the spleen, during the generation of virus-specific T cell precursors. Treatment of mice with the Mel-14 mAb to CD62L, the lymph node homing receptor, limits trafficking of naive T cells into lymph nodes through high endothelial venules. Administering Mel-14 following respiratory infection with influenza virus forced the generation of primary virus-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cell precursors from the mediastinal lymph nodes to the spleen. However, splenectom

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23

Tilden, A. B., K. Itoh, and C. M. Balch. "Human lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells: identification of two types of effector cells." Journal of Immunology 138, no. 4 (1987): 1068–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.138.4.1068.

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Abstract We analyzed the antigenic phenotype of lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) effector cells. Human blood lymphocytes were cultured for 3 days with 100 U/ml recombinant interleukin 2 (rIL 2), subpopulations isolated with monoclonal antibodies and a fluorescence-activated cell sorter (FACS) and assayed for cytotoxic activity against 51chromium labeled noncultured melanoma tumor cells. Initial experiments compared the LAK effector function of CD5+ T lymphocytes vs CD5- cells (predominantly CD16+ NK cells). The mean percent specific release at a 10:1 effector:target (E:T) ratio was 25% +/- 16

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24

Smithson, G., K. Medina, I. Ponting, and P. W. Kincade. "Estrogen suppresses stromal cell-dependent lymphopoiesis in culture." Journal of Immunology 155, no. 7 (1995): 3409–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.155.7.3409.

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Abstract Numbers of pre-B cells change dramatically and reciprocally in response to estrogen levels in mice, suggesting that normal lymphopoiesis may be under hormonal control. However, little is known of the mechanisms involved in this process. We found that estrogen receptor mRNA was detectable by RT-PCR in lymphocyte supporting stromal cells as well as B lymphocyte precursors. Unlike glucocorticoids, estrogen did not induce apoptosis in isolated B lineage lymphocytes or interfere with their responsiveness to IL-7 in semisolid agar. Estrogen did inhibit clonal expansion of B cell precursors

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25

Kouro, Taku, Kay L. Medina, Kenji Oritani, and Paul W. Kincade. "Characteristics of early murine B-lymphocyte precursors and their direct sensitivity to negative regulators." Blood 97, no. 9 (2001): 2708–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v97.9.2708.

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Abstract Recently, a collection of surface markers was exploited to isolate viable Lin− TdT+ cells from murine bone marrow. These early pro-B cells were enriched for B-lineage lymphocyte precursor activity measured by short-term culture and had little responsiveness to myeloid growth factors. Early precursors can be propagated with remarkably high cloning frequencies in stromal cell–free, serum-free cultures, permitting this analysis of direct regulatory factors. Expression of the interleukin-7 receptor (IL-7Rα) chain marks functional precursors and IL-7 is necessary for progression beyond the

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26

Thurlow, P. J., L. Kerrigan, R. A. Harris, and I. F. McKenzie. "Analysis of human bone marrow with monoclonal antibodies." Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry 33, no. 12 (1985): 1183–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/33.12.2415573.

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In order to study the antigenic phenotype of different hemopoietic cells, we used a series of monoclonal antibodies to investigate normal bone marrow in a standard immunofluorescence assay. The antibodies detected the following antigens: HLA-ABC, beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2m), HLA-DR (Ia), a lymphocyte subset and specific antigen (T and B) HuLy-m2, m3, T lymphocyte antigen (HuLy-m1), lymphocyte T200 antigen (HuLy-m4), a viral-associated antigen (HuLy-m5), and platelet-specific glycoproteins IIb-IIIa (HuPl-m1). The following results were obtained: (a) normoblasts were weakly HLA-ABC+, beta 2m+

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27

Bonetti, Maria Ida, Laura Pieri, Lola Domenici, et al. "Dendritic cells with lymphocyte-stimulating activity differentiate from human CD133 positive precursors." Blood 117, no. 15 (2011): 3983–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2010-08-299735.

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Abstract CD133 is a hallmark of primitive myeloid progenitors. We have addressed whether human cord blood cells selected for CD133 can generate dendritic cells, and Langerhans cells in particular, in conditions that promote that generation from CD34+ progenitors. Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and anti–TGF-β1 antibody, respectively, were added in some experiments. With TGF-β, monocytoid cells were recognized after 7 days. Immunophenotypically immature dendritic cells were present at day 14. After 4 more days, the cells expressed CD54, CD80, CD83, and CD86 and were potent stimulators in

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28

Cochrane, Alexandra, Stuart Imlach, Clifford Leen, Gordon Scott, Dermot Kennedy, and Peter Simmonds. "High Levels of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection of CD8 Lymphocytes Expressing CD4 In Vivo." Journal of Virology 78, no. 18 (2004): 9862–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.78.18.9862-9871.2004.

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ABSTRACT Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected CD8 lymphocytes have been reported in vivo, but the mechanism of infection remains unclear. Experiments using the thy/hu mouse model support export of intrathymically infected CD8 precursors, while recent in vitro data suggest that mature CD8 lymphocytes upregulate CD4 upon activation (generating a CD8bright CD4dim phenotype) and are susceptible to HIV infection. To determine whether these mechanisms operate in vivo and to assess their relative importance in the generation of circulating HIV-infected CD8 lymphocytes, we quantified HIV long t

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29

Borghesi, L. A., G. Smithson, and P. W. Kincade. "Stromal cell modulation of negative regulatory signals that influence apoptosis and proliferation of B lineage lymphocytes." Journal of Immunology 159, no. 9 (1997): 4171–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.159.9.4171.

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Abstract The bone marrow microenvironment influences whether a given B cell proliferates, differentiates, or undergoes apoptosis. In this report, we demonstrate that apoptosis of primary murine B lymphocyte precursors can be regulated either positively or negatively by stroma. Several stromal lines that support lymphocyte outgrowth suppressed the spontaneous apoptosis of pre-B cells by as much as 90%. Direct contact with stromal cells more effectively protected lymphocytes than did stromal cell-CM or a collection of recombinant cytokines. In contrast, one unique stromal cell clone actually ind

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30

Kimoto, M., V. Kindler, M. Higaki, C. Ody, S. Izui, and P. Vassalli. "Recombinant murine IL-3 fails to stimulate T or B lymphopoiesis in vivo, but enhances immune responses to T cell-dependent antigens." Journal of Immunology 140, no. 6 (1988): 1889–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.140.6.1889.

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Abstract We have explored the in vivo effect of IL-3 on the lymphopoiesis and humoral responses of mice bearing osmotic minipumps loaded with murine rIL-3 for 1 to 4 wk. A marked splenomegaly due to the accumulation of hemopoietic precursors was seen, but no increase was found in the lymphoid organs in the total number of cells belonging to the T or B lymphocyte lineage, i.e., of L3T4+ or Lyt-2+, or of allospecific cytotoxic T lymphocyte precursor for the T lineage, or of sIg+ or B220+ cells, or of B colony-forming cells for the B lineage; total activity of natural killer and lymphokine-activa

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31

Kouro, Taku, Vinay Kumar, and Paul W. Kincade. "Relationships between early B- and NK-lineage lymphocyte precursors in bone marrow." Blood 100, no. 10 (2002): 3672–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2002-02-0653.

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Recent studies have demonstrated that lineage marker–negative (Lin−) c-kitLo Flk-2/Flt3+IL-7R+ Sca-1Lo CD27+Ly-6C− Thy-1−CD43+CD16/32Lo/− terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)+ cells in murine bone marrow are functional lymphocyte precursors. However, it has not been clear if this is an obligate intermediate step for transit of multipotential hematopoietic stem cells to natural killer (NK) cells. We have now used serum-free, stromal cell–free cultures to determine that NK progenitors are enriched among an estrogen-regulated, c-kitLo subset of the Lin− fraction. However, several experimen

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32

Werfel, T., M. Oppermann, M. Schulze, G. Krieger, M. Weber, and O. Gotze. "Binding of fluorescein-labeled anaphylatoxin C5a to human peripheral blood, spleen, and bone marrow leukocytes." Blood 79, no. 1 (1992): 152–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v79.1.152.152.

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Abstract The expression of C5a receptors (C5aR) on human leukocytes was evaluated by flow cytometry using fluorescein-labeled human C5a (C5a- F). Granulocytes and CD14+ mononuclear cells (MNL) but not CD3+, CD20+, CD16+, CD56+, or CD11b+ lymphocytes in peripheral blood and spleen bound C5a-F. C5a-F binding was saturable and inhibitable by anti-C5a monoclonal antibody (MoAb) C17/5 or unlabeled C5a. During hemodialysis, which led to the generation of C5a, only granulocytes and monocytes increased their expression of the adhesion molecule CD11b (CR3). In vitro, C5a induced an increase of CR3 and

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33

Werfel, T., M. Oppermann, M. Schulze, G. Krieger, M. Weber, and O. Gotze. "Binding of fluorescein-labeled anaphylatoxin C5a to human peripheral blood, spleen, and bone marrow leukocytes." Blood 79, no. 1 (1992): 152–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v79.1.152.bloodjournal791152.

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The expression of C5a receptors (C5aR) on human leukocytes was evaluated by flow cytometry using fluorescein-labeled human C5a (C5a- F). Granulocytes and CD14+ mononuclear cells (MNL) but not CD3+, CD20+, CD16+, CD56+, or CD11b+ lymphocytes in peripheral blood and spleen bound C5a-F. C5a-F binding was saturable and inhibitable by anti-C5a monoclonal antibody (MoAb) C17/5 or unlabeled C5a. During hemodialysis, which led to the generation of C5a, only granulocytes and monocytes increased their expression of the adhesion molecule CD11b (CR3). In vitro, C5a induced an increase of CR3 and p 150/95

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Tosato, G., R. M. Blaese, and R. Yarchoan. "Relationship between immunoglobulin production and immortalization by Epstein Barr virus." Journal of Immunology 135, no. 2 (1985): 959–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.135.2.959.

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Abstract After infection with Epstein Barr virus (EBV), human B lymphocytes actively secrete immunoglobulin (Ig) and are immortalized to become long-term cell lines. In these studies, we investigated the relationship between these virally induced processes utilizing limiting dilution culture techniques, and asked whether all B cells stimulated by EBV to secrete Ig are also immortalized. The activation of B cells by EBV resulting in Ig production and immortalization involved a single precursor cell, required live viral particles, and was independent of immunity to EBV by the lymphocyte donor. H

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35

Miyake, K., K. Medina, K. Ishihara, M. Kimoto, R. Auerbach, and P. W. Kincade. "A VCAM-like adhesion molecule on murine bone marrow stromal cells mediates binding of lymphocyte precursors in culture." Journal of Cell Biology 114, no. 3 (1991): 557–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.114.3.557.

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Two new mAbs (M/K-1 and M/K-2) define an adhesion molecule expressed on stromal cell clones derived from murine bone marrow. The protein is similar in size to a human endothelial cell adhesion molecule known as VCAM-1 or INCAM110. VCAM-1 is expressed on endothelial cells in inflammatory sites and recognized by the integrin VLA-4 expressed on lymphocytes and monocytes. The new stromal cell molecule is a candidate ligand for the VLA-4 expressed on immature B lineage lymphocytes and a possible homologue of human VCAM-1. We now report additional similarities in the distribution, structure, and fun

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Kasid, A., G. I. Bell, and E. P. Director. "Effects of transforming growth factor-beta on human lymphokine-activated killer cell precursors. Autocrine inhibition of cellular proliferation and differentiation to immune killer cells." Journal of Immunology 141, no. 2 (1988): 690–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.141.2.690.

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Abstract With subpopulations of human lymphoid cells that were enriched for lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cell precursors, studies were performed to examine the effects of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) on their IL-2-dependent growth and differentiation to killer cells. The majority of the LAK precursor cells appeared to reside in nonadherent, non-T, and non-B lymphocyte populations that expressed CD11 and CD16 Ag. These cells were induced to proliferate and become LAK cells by high concentrations of rIL-2 alone in the apparent absence of any prior activation with mitogen or Ag

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Sanderson, R. D., P. Lalor, and M. Bernfield. "B lymphocytes express and lose syndecan at specific stages of differentiation." Cell Regulation 1, no. 1 (1989): 27–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.1.1.27.

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Lymphopoietic cells require interactions with bone marrow stroma for normal maturation and show changes in adhesion to matrix during their differentiation. Syndecan, a heparan sulfate-rich integral membrane proteoglycan, functions as a matrix receptor by binding cells to interstitial collagens, fibronectin, and thrombospondin. Therefore, we asked whether syndecan was present on the surface of lymphopoietic cells. In bone marrow, we find syndecan only on precursor B cells. Expression changes with pre-B cell maturation in the marrow and with B-lymphocyte differentiation to plasma cells in inters

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Gisler, R. H., A. Söderberg, and M. Kamber. "Functional maturation of murine B lymphocyte precursors. II. Analysis of cells required from the bone marrow microenvironment." Journal of Immunology 138, no. 8 (1987): 2433–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.138.8.2433.

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Abstract The development of mature B cells in cultures of early B cell precursors depends on the presence of a confluent adherent bone marrow (aBM) cell layer. Adherent and sIgM+ cell-depleted bone marrow (BM) from untreated or 5-fluorouracil-pretreated donors or day 12 fetal liver cells were used as precursor cell populations. When adherent cells from thymus or highly enriched BM-derived macrophages were co-cultured with precursor cells, mature B cells were not developed. Similarly, aBM cell layers generated in the presence of hydrocortisone and horse serum were unable to support aBM cell-dep

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Houssaint, E., A. Mansikka, and O. Vainio. "Early separation of B and T lymphocyte precursors in chick embryo." Journal of Experimental Medicine 174, no. 2 (1991): 397–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.174.2.397.

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Embryonic chimeras were used to demonstrate an early separation of chicken T and B cell precursors. Genetically polymorphic cell surface antigens, Bu-1 and Ov, which are expressed on cells of the B and T lineage, respectively, are useful markers in adoptive cell transfer studies. Allelic products Bu-1a and Bu-1b can be detected with monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) L22 and 11G2, respectively, and the Ov antigen with mAb 11A9. Chimeric chickens were constructed by reconstituting irradiated 14-d Ov- H.B19 embryos with the sorted Bu-1+ or Bu-1- fractions of spleen cells from age-matched H.B19 Ov+ emb

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Davignon, J. L., R. C. Budd, R. Ceredig, et al. "Functional analysis of T cell subsets from mice bearing the lpr gene." Journal of Immunology 135, no. 4 (1985): 2423–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.135.4.2423.

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Abstract The autosomal recessive lpr (lymphoproliferation) gene is responsible for a thymus-dependent massive lymphoproliferation associated with the development of lupus-like autoimmune disease. Phenotypic analysis of adult lpr/lpr lymph nodes has demonstrated accumulation of a dull Lyt-1+, Thy-1+ population that expresses neither Lyt-2 nor L3T4 antigens. With the use of a depletion method based on complement-mediated lysis with an anti-Lyt-2 monoclonal antibody (31 M) and a new anti-L3T4 monoclonal antibody (RL 172.4), we have purified the Lyt-2- L3T4- subset from lymph nodes or spleens of C

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Ishii, Tatsuaki, Heiichiro Udono, Taketoshi Yamano, et al. "Isolation of MHC Class I-Restricted Tumor Antigen Peptide and Its Precursors Associated with Heat Shock Proteins hsp70, hsp90, and gp96." Journal of Immunology 162, no. 3 (1999): 1303–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.162.3.1303.

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Abstract We have previously demonstrated that vaccination with heat shock proteins hsp70, hsp90, and gp96 elicits specific immunity against the tumor from which the hsps were purified. Although the association of tumor Ag peptides with these hsps have been suggested, the identification of the peptides or their precursors stripped from the hsps remained to be resolved. We show in this report that an Ld-restricted cytotoxic T lymphocyte epitope of a mouse leukemia RL♂1 and its precursors are associated with the chaperones hsp90 and hsp70 in the cytosol and gp96 in the lumen of the endoplasmic re

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Berdova, F. K., I. K. Vorotnikov, and N. N. Tupitsyn. "Bone marrow B-lymphocyte subpopulations of breast cancer patients in the prognosis of the disease." Russian Journal of Biotherapy 21, no. 1 (2022): 50–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.17650/1726-9784-2022-21-1-50-56.

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Introduction. Among the immunological prognostic factors in breast cancer, intratumoral lymphocytes play an important role. Pronounced infiltration of the tumor by CD8 lymphocytes is associated with a favorable prognosis. The expression of transferrin receptor (CD71) on tumor cells, on the contrary, is associated with an unfavorable prognosis. The bone marrow of breast cancer patients has been studied very little in terms of the prognostic role of hematopoietic cells and lymphocyte subpopulations.The study objective was to investigate the bone marrow B-lymphocyte subpopulations of breast cance

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Asai, Tadao, Walter J. Storkus, and Theresa L. Whiteside. "Evaluation of the Modified ELISPOT Assay for Gamma Interferon Production in Cancer Patients Receiving Antitumor Vaccines." Clinical Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology 7, no. 2 (2000): 145–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/cdli.7.2.145-154.2000.

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ABSTRACT Frequencies of vaccine-responsive T-lymphocyte precursors in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) prior to and after administration of peptide-based vaccines in patients with cancer can be measured by limiting-dilution assays (LDA) or by ELISPOT assays. We have used a modified version of the ELISPOT assay to monitor changes in the frequency of gamma interferon (IFN-γ)-producing T cells in a population of lymphocytes responding to a relevant peptide or a nonspecific stimulator, such as phorbol myristate acetate-ionomycin. Prior to its use for monitoring of patient samples, the ass

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Sun, Lei, Patricia A. Goodman, Carla M. Wood, et al. "Expression of Aberrantly Spliced Oncogenic Ikaros Isoforms in Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia." Journal of Clinical Oncology 17, no. 12 (1999): 3753–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.1999.17.12.3753.

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PURPOSE: We sought to determine if molecular abnormalities involving the Ikaros gene could contribute to the development of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in children. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We studied Ikaros gene expression in normal human bone marrow, normal thymocytes, normal fetal liver–derived immature lymphocyte precursor cell lines, eight different ALL cell lines, and leukemic cells from 69 children with ALL (T-lineage ALL, n = 18; B-lineage ALL, n = 51). Expression of Ikaros protein and its subcellular localization were examined by immunoblotting and confocal laser-scanning microsco

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Krowka, J. F., C. Guidos, A. Sinha, K. C. Lee, E. Diener, and L. M. Pilarski. "Comparative functional analysis of helper T lymphocyte responses to soluble and particulate antigens." Journal of Immunology 138, no. 10 (1987): 3114–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.138.10.3114.

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Abstract An adaptable and sensitive assay to analyze the roles of helper T lymphocytes (TH) which recognize soluble or cell-surface bound antigens in the induction of cytotoxic T lymphocyte precursors (CTLp) is described. Long-term T cell lines that recognize purified protein derivative, keyhole limpet hemocyanin, or Corynebacterium parvum were used in these studies. The ability of T cells from these lines to induce cytotoxic T lymphocyte or antibody responses were compared with their ability to proliferate or release interleukin 2 (IL 2). The results demonstrate that these T cell lines are ab

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Muto, M., E. Kubo, and T. Sado. "Cellular events during radiation-induced thymic leukemogenesis in mice: abnormal T cell differentiation in the thymus and defect of thymocyte precursors in the bone marrow after split-dose irradiation." Journal of Immunology 134, no. 3 (1985): 2026–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.134.3.2026.

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Abstract Cellular events during the development of thymic lymphomas in young B10.BR mice given leukemogenic split-dose irradiation were studied by examining the differentiation of functional T lymphocyte precursors in the regenerating thymus. It was found that leukemogenic radiation treatment resulted in a sustained depression of the level of thymic cytotoxic T lymphocyte precursors (CTLp) and of mixed lymphocyte reactivity of thymus cells when assessed between 1 and 4 mo after irradiation, in spite of the fact that the total number of thymocytes was restored to the normal level within 2 mo an

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Müller-Sieburg, C. E. "Separation of pluripotent stem cells and early B lymphocyte precursors with antibody Fall-3." Journal of Experimental Medicine 174, no. 1 (1991): 161–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.174.1.161.

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A major goal in the study of hematopoiesis is to obtain populations of primitive stem cells, free of restricted and mature cells. We previously showed that a small population of normal bone marrow, the Thy-1loLin- cells, was highly enriched for pluripotent stem cells that repopulate lethally irradiated mice. These cells also differentiated along the B lymphocyte lineage in response to the stromal elements in Whitlock-Witte cultures. These two hematopoietic activities were entirely contained in and were enriched to similar extents in the Thy-1loLin- population. Here we show for the first time t

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Holladay, Frank P., Rajani Choudhuri, Teresa Heitz, and Gary W. Wood. "Generation of cytotoxic immune responses during the progression of a rat glioma." Journal of Neurosurgery 80, no. 1 (1994): 90–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/jns.1994.80.1.0090.

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✓ Cytotoxic T lymphocytes specific for tumor-associated antigens are produced by exposing animals to tumor cells and stimulating lymphocytes from animals immunized in vitro with tumor cells and small amounts of interleukin-2 (IL-2). This study was designed to determine whether a fast-growing immunogenic avian sarcoma virus-induced glioma produces primed cytotoxic T lymphocyte precursors during its progression. Lymphocytes from intracerebral glioma-bearing rats generally failed to proliferate in vitro in response to immunization with tumor cells and IL-2 and, when proliferative responses were o

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Itoh, K., A. B. Tilden, K. Kumagai, and C. M. Balch. "Leu-11+ lymphocytes with natural killer (NK) activity are precursors of recombinant interleukin 2 (rIL 2)-induced activated killer (AK) cells." Journal of Immunology 134, no. 2 (1985): 802–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.134.2.802.

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Abstract Precursors of activated killer (AK) cells cytotoxic for human noncultured metastatic melanoma and colon carcinoma were characterized. These cells required 3 days incubation with recombinant interleukin 2 (rIL 2) and DNA synthesis for the induction of AK activity. Both negative and positive cell purification methods were used to identify the subpopulation of cells containing AK precursors. By complement-mediated cell depletion studies, AK precursors were largely present in the Leu-11+ fraction, and to a much lesser extent in the Leu-7+ and Leu-2a+ fractions; they were absent in Leu-3a+

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Uckun, FM, S. Haissig, JA Ledbetter, et al. "Developmental hierarchy during early human B-cell ontogeny after autologous bone marrow transplantation using autografts depleted of CD19+ B-cell precursors by an anti-CD19 pan-B-cell immunotoxin containing pokeweed antiviral protein." Blood 79, no. 12 (1992): 3369–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v79.12.3369.3369.

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Abstract Sequential immunophenotypes of bone marrow (BM) and peripheral blood (PBL) lymphoid cells from 15 B-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) patients who underwent autologous bone marrow transplantation (BMT) during complete remission were determined by dual-color immunofluorescence and multiparameter flow cytometry. Autografts were depleted of CD19+ B-cell precursors by an immunochemopurging protocol that combines B43-PAP, a potent anti-CD19 immunotoxin, and the cyclophosphamide congener 4-hydroperoxycyclophosphamide (4-HC). A marked interpatient variation was observed in the appea

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