Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Lymphome à cellules du manteau'
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Augustin, Alix. "Facteurs épidémiologiques influençant la survie dans le lymphome à cellules du manteau." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017UBFCI020/document.
Full textMantle Cell Lymphoma (MCL) is a recently defined entity, typically characterised by the genetic translocation t(11 ;14)(q13 ;q32) and counting for 2 - 10% of all non-Hodgkin Lymphomas. With a median survival between 3 and 5 years after diagnosis, MCL is an agressive disease and despite the recent therapeutic advances little in know about its prognostic factors. Some studies had investigated clinicopathological features and new treatment strategies, but there is a lack of knowledge regarding the impact of lifestyle and environnemental factors on outcome of MCL patients. From 2008 to 2012, the LYSA Group conducted in France two prospective multi center clinical trials on MCL : LM manteau 2010 SA "RiBVD" (NCI01457144) and Manteau 2007 SJ "LyMa" (NCT00921414). After a comparison of these patients with population-based data, socioeconomic factors, lifestyle factors and their influence on survival had been investigated through a qualitative survey administrated to each volunteer after diagnosis. Our findings suggest that low educational attainment, low body body mass index and alcohol consumption are associated with a higher risk of death in MCL. However, to investigate lifestyle factors in this rare NHL subtype, larger studies should be carried out. Clinical trial inclusion criteria must be widen to select more patients and patients more representative of general population. Implementation of these epidemiological studies in clinical practice should be considered
Thieblemont, Catherine. "Les lymphomes a cellules du manteau : une entite particuliere parmi les lymphomes diffus a petites cellules." Lyon 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994LYO1M190.
Full textBody, Simon. "Physiopathologie du lymphome à cellules du manteau : de la mécanistique aux modèles précliniques." Thesis, Normandie, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NORMC419/document.
Full textMantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a mature malignant hemopathy, belonging to the non-Hodgkin's lymphoma family. The MCL is characterized by the translocation t(11;14)(q13;q32) which causes an aberrant expression of cyclin D1. It is a rare disease but at high risk of relapse, and it is most often incurable due to the appearance of chemoresistant clones. The acquisition of resistance is intimately linked to the interactions between the tumor cells and their microenvironment. In order to mimic, in the most relevant way, these interactions, we have implemented a mouse xenograft model using the MCL cell lines JeKo1, REC1, Z138 and Granta-519 which we have modified so that they express a fluorophore (GFP or m-cherry) and / or the gene encoding the luciferase. After injection to the mice of the luciferase substrate, luciferin, we are able to follow over time the tumor progression. We can also assess the degree of tumor infiltration in bone marrow, spleen, brain and blood after euthanasia of animals, by flow cytometry and immunocytochemistry. This model allowed us to show the therapeutic interest of an inhibitor of exportin 1 (XPO1): the KPT 330 (or selinexor) which is able to contain cyclin D1 only on the nuclear level. We have shown that the subcellular localization of cyclin D1 is mainly cytoplasmic in some LCM (2/7) cell lines and in a number of patients (6/42, 14%), and is associated with a high potential Invasion, migration and an aggressive phenotype. Moreover, thanks to this model, we have been able to objectify the in vivo lack of efficacy of agonists to β-type estrogen receptors (ER β). These receptors, present on B lymphocytes, were thought to inhibit cell proliferation and cause cell death by apoptosis. The use of two ER β agonists, diarylpropionitrile (DPN) and ERB-041 showed an absence of effect of these molecules, when the tumor cells are in contact with their microenvironment. On the other hand, in order to better understand the mechanisms of resistance to chemotherapies, we studied the resistance of the REC-1 cell line treated with genotoxic agents. We have shown that this line has an abnormality of cyclin D1 degradation associated with decreased activity of the 26S proteasome. Finally, we have shown in preliminary work that the fused in sarcoma protein (FUS) could, when associated with cyclin D1, be able to regulate the repair pathways of DNA damage. Abnormalities of these pathways induce a great genetic instability responsible for the escape of tumors to treatments, the targeting of FUS could therefore be of therapeutic interest.Taken as a whole, these results reinforce or invalidate the interest of certain therapeutic targets in the hope of continuing to improve the management of patients. They also provide a tool for evaluating new molecules in a murine model that takes into account the interactions between the tumor cell and its microenvironment
Leroy, Thièry Lederlin Pierre. "La rupture spontanée de la rate dans les lymphômes du manteau à propos de deux observations /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2002. http://www.scd.uhp-nancy.fr/docnum/SCDMED_T_2002_LEROY_THIERY.pdf.
Full textRoussel, Mikaël. "Rôle de la cycline D1 dans la physiopathologie du lymphome à cellules du manteau et du myélome multiple." Caen, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007CAEN2054.
Full textCyclin D1 is a protein involved in cell cycle regulation and transcription. It is expressed in some hematological B lymphoid neoplasms: multiple myeloma (MM), mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) and hairy cell leukemia (HCL), but not in B cells. Cyclin D1 is encoded by CCND1 gene and transcribed by alternative splicing in two forms (a and b). The proteins cyclin D1a and b differ in the N-terminal region involved in degradation and subcellular localization. We studied the expression of cyclin D1 RNA and protein in three B hemopathiesl (MM, MCL and HCL). Cyclin D1b is mainly present in MCL and rarely in MM. The rate of transcript a is higher than transcript b. The half-life of both isoforms is similar and both proteins are present in nucleus and cytoplasm. Cyclin D1b has not the properties (stability, localization) associated with its tumorigenic potential. Thus, cyclin D1b does not appear to play a role in the pathophysiology of MM and MCL. To characterize the mechanisms of action of cyclin D1a, we transduced the protein in various MM and lymphoma cell lines with no endogenous cyclin D1 and representative of various levels of differentiation. Transduction of exogenous cyclin D1 leads to an increase of proliferation rate of pro-B cell lines (NALM-6, 697) and a block of cell cycle in B cell line (RAMOS) and MM cell lines (OPM2, LP1). The latter effect is also observed after transduction of cells with a mutated cyclin D1 protein (K112E). This argue for an effect independent of the phosphorylation of pRb. This effect could be mediated by the activation of the DNA binding subunit p65 and c-Rel of NF-kappaB. In the future, we have to look for new binding partners or transcriptional targets of cyclin D1
Bertrand, Sarah. "Séquençage ciblé en tant qu'outil diagnostique et pronostique dans le lymphome à cellules du manteau." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017GREAV033.
Full textLymphoma is a cancer of the lymph nodes which are organs in which immune cells, particularly the antibody producing B cells, proliferate and differentiate before circulating in the blood and tissues to fight infection. B cell lymphoid cancers – ‘B cell lymphoma’ arise as a consequence of the occurrence of gene mutations in B cells. By affecting the functions of key B cell genes, these mutations drive the malignant transformation of the affected B cells which then begin to divide abnormally eventually destroying normal lymph node organization and function. The lymph node is divided into distinct micro-anatomical compartments or zones which are called (from the inner to outer most compartment – germinal centre, mantle zone, and marginal zone). B cell lymphoma classification follows this general organization and classifies tumours depending on the compartment of origin of the particular tumour B cell population. This classification thus defines lymphoma according to a ‘histological subtype’ with defined clinic-biological features. Among these subtypes, mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a particularly aggressive form of B lymphoid cancer. This type of lymphoma is characterised by successive relapses and short survival (median is 4 to 5 years), although some patients can show long survival. Predictive biomarkers of this clinical behavior are lacking. This project aims to address this question. More specifically we propose to perform whole ‘exome’ sequencing – i.e. sequencing of all protein coding sections of all known protein coding genes in the genome – of the tumour B cell DNA from patients who show refractory or early relapsing disease compared to patients who show relatively long survival. By doing this genome scale study we hope to identify new gene mutations that can serve as molecular predictors of survival and bring new knowledges in the understanding between genetics and epigenetics in MCL
ALLINNE, Jeanne. "Réorganisation nucléaire et régulation de la transcription dans le lymphome du manteau : Implication du nucléole et de la nucléoline." Paris 11, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA11T071.
Full textLe, Bris Yannick. "Marqueurs moléculaires d’intérêt pronostique et thérapeutique chez les patients atteints de lymphome à cellules du manteau." Thesis, Nantes, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020NANT1027.
Full textMantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare disease displaying a great diversity in terms of clinic, biology and response to therapies. Currently, immunochemotherapy and consolidation by autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is the standard treatment proposed to all younger patients, yet about 10% are refractory while others enjoy long remissions. The development of new prognostic markers could help to adapt a personalized approach of therapeutic strategies. In the first part of this document, fundamental and scientific aspects of this disease are described The second part reports the results obtained in the context of this thesis. The prognostic value of chromosomal copy number anomalies intrinsic to the tumor cells was investigated in 100 MCL patients enrolled for first-line therapy in the LyMa clinical trial. This pan-genomic approach, performed on highly degraded tumoral DNA by SNP-array, allowed to identify that 7p22 gains are associated to a good response is spite of the presence of high-risk anomalies (TP53 or CDKN2A deletions). We also identified that gains of CCND1, corresponding to additional copies of CCND1/IGH rearrangements, are associated to poor response to therapy. These data were confirmed in a second independent cohort of MCL patients. This work has been published..Investigations in progress are also presented. In the same LyMa cohort, the role of CDKN2A and p16INK4 anomalies is being evaluated, in correlation with immunohistochemistry. Overexpression of the p16INK4A protein or homozygous deletion of CDKN2A have been characterized, that could be used as prognostic biomarkers at diagnosis, to predict the patient’s response to first line therapy. Finally, we used a novel approach of transcriptomic analysis by Reverse Transcriptase Multiplex Ligation-dependent Probe Amplification (RT-MLPA), adapted to the degraded nucleic acids of our formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded samples. Variations intrinsic or extrinsic to the tumor cell have been explored. Quantitative anomalies of monocytes/macrophages, as well as T and NK cells have been observed, in comparison to non-tumoral samples. Other variations have been identified to be associated to aggressive forms of the MCL, in case of p53 anomalies or at relapse. A third part announces projects envisioned in the future. An analysis of the clonality of tumor-infiltrating T-cells should allow to better understand the immune context of MCL. Finally, a combined analysis of intrinsic and extrinsic anomalies at the single cell level could allow to identify new therapeutic targets and new biomarkers for a better-adapted management of patients
Alkhaeir, Sawsaneh. "Etude comparative de nouvelles approches thérapeutiques dans le lymphome à cellules du Manteau : utilisation des inhibiteurs de mTOR kinase et BTK." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLS432/document.
Full textThe PI3K / AKT / mTOR pathway is the target of Temsirolimus. However, important resistance is observed. We tried to obtain a more important inhibition of PI3K / AKT pathway using two new molecules :- NVP-BEZ 235 (BEZ) which inhibits both mTORC1 and PI3K- AZD8055 (AZD) an inhibitor of mTORC1 and mTORC2 complexes. Using different cell lines of MCL, we have shown that the effect of these new inhibitors on cell survival was more important than that of Temsirolimus. This is probably because contrary to Temsirolimus, the two new molecules can inhibit AKT and 4EBP phosphorylation. In the second part of this project we studied the synergy between the m-TOR kinase inhibitors and aracytine (conventional treatment of MCL). We revealed a significant additive effect in MCL cell lines. We demonstrated by Western blot analysis that aracytine inhibits S6 and 4EBP phosphorylation. This may explain the results obtained from this drug association. We then showed that Ibrutinib (an inhibitor of Btk pathway) can induce a significant inhibition of cell survival when combined with aracytine. In this study, Ibrutinib proved antagonist effect to PI3K-AKT-mTOR inhibitors. The mechanisms of these results remain unclear. Finally, we demonstrated an additive effect of Ibrutinib in combination with doxorubicin. We did not obtain the same results when we combined m-TOR inhibitors with doxorubicin. To explain these data, we studied the effect of these drugs on the expression of GSTPi by western blot. This enzyme is known to have an important role in MCL resistance to anthracycline. Importantly, Ibrutinib induced a decrease in the expression of GSTPi but AZD8055, Temsirolimus and NVP-BEZ235 had no effect
Ben, Abdelwahed Bagga Rym. "Les lymphomes primitifs oculo-cérébraux : diagnostic différentiel avec les uvéites et étude de l‘effet thérapeutique d’un anticorps anti-CD20 et du CpG-DNA." Paris 6, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA066288.
Full textPrimary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) belongs to the systemic diffuse large B-cell lymphoma family. It can affect meninges as well as cranial, spinal, and peripheral nerves, but most frequently, it develops into the brain and/or eye. Primary cerebral lymphoma (PCL) and primary intraocular lymphoma (PIOL) are highly aggressive malignancies with a dark prognosis. Although the important advances founded from the pathogenesis of extraneural non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, the unique organotropism of PCL/PIOL remains poorly understood. Diagnosis now is facilitated by modern imaging techniques and molecular markers, but remains difficult in particular with PIOL as it is a “uveitis masquerade syndrom”. Moreover, in spite of remarkable progress through methotrexate-based chemotherapy, the majority of patients experience relapses within a few years. Better diagnostic tools are required for earlier diagnosis and monitoring of treatment response, and a deeper understanding of the pathogenesis of primary nervous system lymphoma may reveal new therapeutic targets. My PhD project was first to find new cytokine combinations as diagnostic and prognostic markers and then to explore new immunotherapeutic strategies on PIOL and PCL preclinical mouse models. Using vitreous and aqueous humor samples from French and Tunisian patients, we define a new highly discriminative combination of the IL-10/IL-6 and IL-10/IFNγ ratios between PIOL and uveitis patients. Besides, we show an encouraging therapeutic effect of a novel glycoengineered anti-hCD20 antibody in PCL and PIOL murine lymphomas, and intriguing differences in B-cell lymphoma responsiveness to CpG
Gonzalez, Santamarta Maria. "Profilage de l'ubiquitylation des protéines dans les cellules résistantes au bortézomib : rôle des enzymes de ubiquitylation." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022TOU30014.
Full textDisruption of proteostasis is often the cause or consequence of pathologies, including haematological malignancies like Mantle Cell lymphoma (MCL). MCL is an aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphoma, with a poor rate of survival and frequent relapses after Bortezomib (BTZ) treatment. The two major intracellular degradation pathways, the Ubiquitin-proteasome (UPS) and autophagy-lysosome (ALS) systems, rely on Ubiquitin (Ub) to drive protein degradation acting as a single coordinated network. Using Ub traps (TUBEs) associated to mass spectrometry (MS) to compare the Ub proteome of the BTZ-resistant MCL cell line (ZBR) and its parental BTZ-sensitive counterpart (Z138), the hosting lab found Ub playing a major role in BTZ response/resistance and unveiled a molecular switch from UPS to ALS, describing proteaphagy as a hallmark of resistance. K63 Ub chains and other enzymes were also detected enriched in ZBR in this analysis. We hypothesized that this enrichment could predispose them to activate autophagy and signaling events implicated in MCL cell survival and BTZ resistance, being focused on the identification of mechanism and proteins directly involved. To explore this hypothesis, we used several experimental strategies including the isolation and identification of the Ub proteome, and the used of combinatorial chemical treatments. TRIM24, which is known to regulate the activity of the tumor suppressor p53, was found more enriched in ZBR cells at basal levels. TRIM24 stability is compromised differently after inhibition of the proteasome (BTZ) or autophagy using Bafilomycin A (BafA), in Z138 and ZBR cells suggesting a possible role in UPS-ALS crosstalk. We have used dTRIM24, a validated Proteolysis Targeting Chimeric (PROTAC) to target TRIM24 in our MCL model. Our results show that a combined dTRIM24/ZBR treatment reduces proteasome levels and promotes cooperative apoptotic effects in the ZBR cell line. Interestingly, a dTRIM24 treatment enhanced the formation of K48 and K63 chains and the Ub-associated fraction of p62 and proteasome subunits in ZBR cells. UBR proteins (UBR2, UBR4 and UBR5 found enriched in ZBR) are involved in the regulation of the N-end rule pathway, related to the ZZ domain of the autophagy receptor p62/SQSTM1 under proteotoxic stress conditions. Verteporfin (VTP), one of the most effective p62 inhibitors, strongly induces apoptosis in ZBR cells. However, since VTP also induces ROS (oxygen-containing reactive species), we used an inhibitor of the p62 ZZ domain (XRK3F2) to further explore the role of p62 and its impact on UBR enzymes. We found that XRK3F2 differently affects the stability of UBR enzymes in ZBR compared to Z138 cells. However, the viability of Z138 and ZBR cells was similar, suggesting that changes in protein levels of UBR enzymes are not associated to BTZ resistance and that VTP is a better treatment to enhance apoptosis in ZBR cells. To better understand the response to VTP in BTZ-resistant cells, we collaborated with Hybrigenics to characterise K48 and K63 Ub chain specific nanobodies (now commercialised by Nanotag)
Touzeau, Cyrille. "BH3 mimétiques ciblant Bcl-2 : évaluation préclinique dans le myélome multiple et le lymphome à cellules du manteau." Nantes, 2015. https://archive.bu.univ-nantes.fr/pollux/show/show?id=3a7af974-130b-40bf-beee-f0acbd408292.
Full textInteractions between proteins of the Bcl-2 family determine tumor cell'survival. BH3 mimetics represent a new therapeutic class of small molecules that bind with high affinity to anti-apoptotic proteins, and triggers cell death by releasing pro-apoptotic protein activator of apoptosis. In this study, we evaluated the anti-tumor activity of two BH3 mimetics, ABT-737 (targeting Bcl-2 and Bcl-XL) and ABT-199 (targeting Bcl-2) in multiple myeloma (MM) and mantle cell lymphoma (MCL). MM and MCL are two B-cell lymphoid malignancies still considcered as incurable. Sensitivity toboth ABT-199 and ABT-263 was found to be very heterogeneous. The relative expression of Bcl-2 and Mcl-1 has been shown as the main facto implied in the resistance to BH3 mimetics. The mitochondrial dependence to Bcl-2 analyzed using the functionnal assay BH3 profiling also predicted sensitivity to BH3 mimetics. Interestingly, sensitivity of multiple myeloma cells to ABT-199 was restricted to patients with t(11; 14) translocation, a sub group representing almost 20% of patients. The clinical development of ABT-199 is currently very promising. Biomarkers described in this work (Bcl-2 ratio / Mcl-1 BH3 profiling) should be evaluated in a context of prospective clinical trials
Karpukhina, Schwager Anna. "Epigenomic and 3D-genomic changes in Mantle Cell Lymphoma." Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UPASL061.
Full textMantle cell lymphoma is an aggressive B cell malignancy with poor prognosis. More than 90% of MCL cases are associated with a recurrent chromosomal translocation t(11;14) that results in the overexpression of cyclin D1 (CCND1), a potent cell-cycle regulator. Nevertheless, CCND1 overexpression alone does not lead to malignancies in animal models. Thus, the development of MCL should be triggered by additional factors, which may guide the development of new therapies once discovered. A chromosomal translocation can trigger large-scale changes in the 3D genome organization, as well as the transcriptional and epigenetic changes in the translocated loci. Here we demonstrated that the translocated CCND1 locus on derivative chr14 is relocated to the nuclear center in MCL cells. This is accompanied by the appearance of a new super-enhancer (SE) inside this locus. Surprisingly, the region around the novel SE was not significantly enriched for the genes upregulated in MCL. Instead, most of the overexpressed genes were located on chr19 in both the MCL cell lines and the B cells from MCL patients. Among these genes, there were many related to lymphoma or other cancers. Using HiC, we detected the presence of an interchromosomal contact between chr11 and chr19, which was further confirmed by 3D-FISH. The contact colocalized with the active RNApolII and formed predominantly with the derivative CCND1 locus. We hypothesize that the deregulated chr19 genes contribute to the MCL oncogenesis, and their upregulation is at least partially explained by the action of an MCL-specific SE inside the CCND1 locus. Thus, inhibiting super-enhancer activity may represent a new treatment strategy for MCL. We tested two substances with such properties, Abemaciclib and Minnelide, in MCL cell lines and the B cells from MCL patients. Minnelide had a strong inhibitory effect on the chromatin landscape of MCL cells, including the novel SE, and was effective against mantle cell lymphoma cells in vitro and in vivo. Our results provide valuable preclinical data and novel insights into the mechanisms of MCL pathogenesis
Boukhiar, Mohand-Akli. "Rôle du récepteur à l’antigène des cellules B (BCR) dans la survie des cellules du lymphome du manteau : Implication des facteurs de transcription STAT3 et EGR1." Paris 13, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA132045.
Full textMantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is an aggressive and incurable malignant lymphoma, representing approximately 5% of non Hodgkin lymphomas. Its hallmark is the translocation t(11:14)q (13;32), leading to overexpression of cyclin Dl. However this chromosomal alteration is not sufficient to induce MCL and recent studies suggest the involvement of antigenic stimulation and B-cell receptor (BCR) signaling in this pathogenesis. In this context, we aimed at identifying in primary MCL cells deregulated signaling pathways downstream of BCR and leading to activation of transcription factors and to increased MCL cell survival. We evidenced a constitutive and BCR-induced phosphorylation of the transcription factor STAT3 resulting from an autocrine IL6 and/or IL10 secretion. Inhibition of the JAK/STAT3 pathway increased spontaneous apoptosis and suppressed BCR-induced cell survival. Moreover, treatment with Bortezomib induced apoptosis and a decrease of both IL6/IL10 secretions and STAT3 phosphorylation. In addition, bortezomib inhibited B-cell receptor-triggered STAT3 phosphorylation and cell survival. To further identify early genes involved in BCR-induced survival, we looked at differential expression of genes upon BCR stimulation and found that BCR engagement also led to a quick and transient induction of EGR1 expression, following by the one of c-Myc. We next evaluated the role of EGR1 in MCL cell survival and showed that inhibition of JNK by SP600125 induced a decrease of both constitutive and BCR-induced EGR1 expression, associated with an increase of apoptosis and a suppression of BCR-induced survival. We also showed that primary MCL cells displayed a constitutive and BCR-induced activation of Src family kinases including LYN and that efficient inhibition of these kinases by dasatinib led to apoptosis through inhibition of the downstream JNK/EGR1 pathway. In conclusion, our study performed on primary MCL lymphocytes evidenced that constitutive and BCRinduced signaling provide important survival signal which can be efficiently inhibited by Bortezomib and Dasatinib. Of interest, our result indicated for the first time that Dasatinib through inhibition of SFK/LYN kinases could be used as a new therapeutic agent in MCL by overcoming pro-survival signal emanating from the BCR
Cunden, Soopramanien Modeliar. "Lymphome médiastinal à grandes cellules : analyse rétrospective de 40 cas." Bordeaux 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997BOR2M031.
Full textSalinas, Alain. "Lymphome non hodgkinien primitif de l'intestin grêle." Montpellier 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995MON11002.
Full textDubanet, Lydie. "Neurotrophines, survie cellulaire et microenvironnement : cas du lymphome diffus à grandes cellules B." Limoges, 2013. http://aurore.unilim.fr/theses/nxfile/default/50cc5bfc-fe44-48fb-adac-8e0f3d43b95c/blobholder:0/2013LIMO310J.pdf.
Full textDUFO, DUPOUTS MARIE-JOSE. "Dermatomyosite et lymphome cutane primitif a cellules t : a propos d'un cas ; revue de la litterature." Aix-Marseille 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994AIX20869.
Full textDuhaut, Pierre. "Lymphomes folliculaires et diffus a petites cellules clivees : etude de la proliferation cellulaire en cytometrie de flux et en analyse d'image." Lyon 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989LYO1M193.
Full textPierre-Hellier, Isabelle. "Lymphomes anaplasiques à grandes cellules CD30 positifs cutané : rôle du virus d'Epstein-Barr." Montpellier 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997MON11150.
Full textMac, Grogan Gaëtan. "Lymphomes cutanés à grandes cellules CD30 positives." Bordeaux 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993BOR23110.
Full textSzablewski, Vanessa. "Rôle des modulateurs épigénétiques dans la physiopathologie des lymphomes B diffus à grandes cellules." Thesis, Montpellier, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019MONTT036.
Full textDiffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common form of lymphoma type. DLBCL shows considerable clinical and biological heterogeneity. The international prognostic index (IPI) remains the most used tool to stratify patients in different risk groups but does not reflect DLBCL biological heterogeneity. Therefore, much research is currently focused on the identification of new prognostic markers for more specific patients’ risk stratification and on the development of therapeutic approaches to improve outcome. Epigenetic alterations are involved in lymphoma. Interestingly, epigenetic alterations are reversible and drugs to target some of them have been developed. With the aim to identify new and relevant prognostic factors that allow the stratification of patients with DLBCL we investigated the gene expression profile of 130 epigenetics regulators in two independent cohorts of patients with newly-diagnosed DLBCL homogeneously treated (respectively 233 and 181 cases). Using the Maxstat R function and Benjami-Hochberg multiple testing correction we found that 10 probe sets had a prognostic value for overall survival (OS) including: BRD1, CARM1, BRPF3, CDYL, DNMT3A, DOT1L, HDAC2, PRMT5, SETD8 and SP140. Using multivariate Cox analysis we found that 3 of these genes remained independent prognostic factors: DNMT3A, DOT1L and SETD8. We used these 3 genes to develop a risk score (EpiScore) based on their expression level in the cohort of 233 DLBCL. EpiScore allowed splitting the patients in 3 groups with significant different OS values: group 1 (low risk, low DNMT3A, DOT1L and SETD8 expression), group 2 (intermediate risk, high expression of one of the three genes) and group 3 (high risk, high expression of two or all three genes). EpiScore prognostic value was validated in two other independent cohorts of patients with DLBCL (181 and 69 patients respectively) We then showed that EpiScore was an independent predictor of survival when compared with previously described prognostic factors, such as the IPI, germinal center B cell and activated B cell molecular subgroups, gene expression-based risk score (GERS) and DNA repair score. As gene expression profiling (GEP) is not a technical approach widely performed in routine practise for all DLBCL newly diagnosed we analysed the pattern of expression of the ten epigenetic genes by immunohistochemistry on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue sections in a cohort of 65 patients with de novo previously untreated DLBCL. Our results indicate that these epigenetic related proteins are commonly overexpressed in DLBCL compared to reactive lymphoid tissues and may be important for DLBCL pathogenesis. We showed that overexpression of CARM1 and DNMT3A was significantly associated with reduced event free survival. We then designed a new risk score Epi-ImmunoScore (Epi-IS) based on the expression level of CARM1 and DNMT3A by immunohistochemistry. Epi-IS was predictive of OS in DLBCL and allowed splitting patients in two groups (high and low risk). Finally, using gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) an HDAC gene signature was significantly enriched in the DLBCL samples included in the EpiScore high-risk group and that a significant enrichment of genes encoding for HDAC class II, multiple drug resistance and NOTCH pathways in DLBCL samples with DNMT3A overexpression. According to these data, we compared the response to HDAC inhibitor (SAHA) in DLBCL cell lines with high EpiScore versus low EpiScore and showed that DLBCL cell lines with high EpiScore were significantly more sensitive to SAHA than those low EpiScore. We concluded that EpiScore and Epi-IS, easily evaluated in the routine practice on FFPE tissue sections identified high-risk patients with DLBC. We have also recognized relevant therapeutic targets and identified a number of candidate drugs with potential therapeutic efficiency in DLBCL patients. All these findings may orient future preclinical intervention strategies in DLBCL
CARLIER, KARINE. "Etude de l'apoptose des cellules de lymphome de burkitt induite par stimulation de l'antigene cd77." Paris 11, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA112162.
Full textSanchez, Michèle. "Erythrodermie et lymphome-leucemie a cellules t lymphocytaires matures : discussion nosologique du syndrome de sezary." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990STR1M002.
Full textHuet, Sarah. "Caractérisation moléculaire des cellules de lymphome folliculaire et de leur micro-environnement et incidence clinique." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO10305.
Full textFollicular Lymphoma (FL) is the 2nd most frequent lymphoma subtype and is usually considered incurable with current strategies. Several questions regarding the lymphomagenesis process are still pending, and no molecular or genomic marker has been unanimously recognized yet to predict outcome. We performed an integrative analysis combining genomic, transcriptomic and mutational data in the view to bringing new highlights in the molecular alterations acting in FL. Based on gene-expression profiling data we developed a model able to predict progression-free survival in FL patients. We confirmed its predictive value in another cohort of patients, thereby allowing its potential use in clinical practice. Furthermore, our results highlight that some tumors show a stem-cell-like gene-expression profile that was associated with highly unfavorable outcome. In the second part of our work, we focused on alterations of the gene EZH2. Although mutations have been reported in 25% of FL patients, we questioned whether genomic gains at EZH2 locus could also contribute to lymphomagenesis. We showed that such gain may impact the transcriptional profile and have a prognostic significance, thus highlighting the crucial interest of determining both kinds of alterations. Finally, we report that a germ-line polyporphism in the EZH2 gene was significantly associated with progression-free survival in patients treated by anti-CD20 therapy. Taken together, these results bring new highlights on FL biology and may help to improve the clinical management of FL patients
Muller, Pierre. "Autogreffes medullaires d'un lymphome anaplasique a grandes cellules ki 1 positif de l'enfant : une observation." Lille 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993LIL2M035.
Full textDaugrois, Camille. "Lymphomes anaplasiques à grandes cellules ALK positifs : signature pronostique des rechutes précoces." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOU30281.
Full textAnaplastic large cell lymphomas (ALCL) peripheral belong to T cell lymphomas and may be associated with translocations involving the ALK gene (ALK+). These lymphoma are rare, of high grade and often affect young subjects. Current treatments allow obtaining a complete remission for over 80% of patients. However nearly 30% of patients whose treatment is stratified according to current clinical prognostic factors, will relapse in the year following the end of treatment. It is therefore essential to decipher predictive factors of relapse at diagnosis in order to improve therapeutic management. The aim of my project was on one hand, to identify molecular factors of the tumor or its microenvironment, associated with relapse or lack of relapse and secondly, to establish a predictive gene expression signature at diagnosis that could be used in clinical routine. We performed transcriptome analysis of samples obtained at diagnosis in a cohort of 48 patients with ALK+ ALCL and sufficient follow up (26 from patients who early relapsed, 22 patients who did not relapse). We have identified 47 differentially expressed genes between the two groups. This signature shows in particular, from the group of patients who did not relapse, an enrichment of genes encoding proteins involved in the regulation of the extracellular matrix. This signature has been then validated by high-throughput quantitative PCR (Fluidigm). Classification algorithms such as Random Forests and PLS-DA helped select the eight most discriminating genes in terms of predictive power. Based on their expression level, three genes with the strongest predictive power were identified by logistic regression. For diagnostic testing in routine practice, these three genes were validated by standard qPCR. A score and a threshold for distinguishing patients who will relapse from patients who will not were established from the expression of these three genes. This dichotomous classification gives a prediction failure rate of only 16% on this first cohort. This prediction score was then validated in an independent cohort of 18 patients, with a failure rate of 22%. This study demonstrates the value of predictive signatures derived from high-throughput data to guide treatment strategy
NASSOY, STEHLIN FREDERIQUE. "Lymphome digestif a cellules t et maladie coeliaque : a propos d'un cas ; revue de la litterature." Besançon, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992BESA3081.
Full textCaillet, Nina. "Rôle de la méthylation de l'ADN et des microARN dans les lymphomes T anaplasiques à grandes cellules ALK positifs." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019TOU30139.
Full textAnaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma (ALCL) is the most common pediatric T lymphoma. Mostly CD4(+), in about 80% of cases ALCL expresses the oncogenic tyrosine kinase NPM-ALK. Using a high-throughput sequencing of human NPM-ALK(+) ALCL treated with decitabine, or transfected with siRNA against ALK, I have shown that NPM-ALK, STAT3, and methyltransferase DNA 1 (DNMT1), induce hypermethylation of the MIR125 genes. In vitro, inhibition of topoisomerase II activity by doxorubicin inhibits the fixation of DNMT1 at the MIR125B gene promoter. Using microRNA-biotinyled purification we identified BAK1 mRNA as target of miR125b. In primary ALCL, miR125b and the pro-apoptotic protein BAK1 were correlated with relapse risk after chemotherapy. Moreover, I developed cellular NPM-ALK(+) ALCLmodels by transduced human CD4 lymphocytes (CD4/NPM-ALK(+)). Integrative analysis of methylome and transcriptome showed that CD4/NPM-ALK(+) and primary NPM-ALK(+) ALCLhave similar profile, close to thymic precursors but different to normal CD4 lymphocytes. Preliminary miRNome analysis also suggests that CD4/NPM-ALK (+) are different from normal CD4 cells. In addition, we observed a expression decrease by DNA methylation of transcription factors essential to the differentiation of T precursors. An increase of expression of pluripotency transcription factors is also observed. Coherent way, we noted a correlation between the hypomethylation of the EPAS1 gene promoter and the overexpression of the HIF2a protein which affects the differentiation and survival of hematopoietic precursors. We have highlighted the therapeutic potential of HIF2a antagonists as potential treatments. Altogether, our findings suggest that NPM-ALK through DNA methylation i) represses expression of microRNA implicated in chemotherapy resistanceand ii) could restore progenitor-like features in mature peripheral T-cells in keeping with a thymic progenitor-like pattern
Dejean, Emilie. "Microenvironnement des lymphomes anaplasiques à grandes cellules : angiogenèse et dissémination tumorales." Toulouse 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011TOU30308.
Full textThe most frequent lymphoma in childhood is often charaterized by aberrant expression of oncogenes with tyrosine kinase activity: NPM- or TPM3-ALK (nucleophosmin- or non-muscular tropomyosin 3- anaplastic lymphoma kinase). In our laboratory, we developed and charatacterized a conditional mice model for ALK+ lymphoma (Tet-Off). With those models, my work highlighted the role of VEGF in ALK+ lymphoma angiogenesis. We show that VEGF mRNA can be negatively regulated by one microRNA, miR-16 which is underexpressed in thoses tumors, even in human samples. If miR-16 is reexpressed in ALK + cells, we can osbserve a dealy in tumor growth and a reduction of angiogenesis (Dejean et al. , Leukemia, 2011). Anaplasic large cell lymphoma is characterized by frequent extranodal dissemination (70% of cases) which is skin in most cases. We were then interested in identify solubles factors responsible of this epidermotropism. We show that ALK+ cells (cell lines and human samples) secrete a pro-inflammatory cytokine: HMGB1. Our results demonstrate that HMGB1 is able to induce hypersecretion of IL-8 by keratinocytes, via PAR2 and NF-?B activation. IL-8 is a chemokine which can attract cells with specific receptors (CXCR1 and CXCR2). ALK+ tumor cells, cell lines and human samples, express these two receptors. We also show that inhibition of HMGB1 lead to a drastic reduction of invasive abilities of ALK+ cells in vitro and in vivo. Skin, activated by soluble factors from primary tumor, would then constitute a favorable environment for lymphoma dissemination. This study would be the first to highlight the existence of a cutaneous premetastatic niche in anaplasic large cell lymphoma (Dejean et al. , manuscript in preparation). My thesis work demonstrates the importance of microenvironment and solubles factors from primary tumor to tumorigenesis. Lymphomatous cells are able to induce angiogenesis and distant inflammation to cause tumor growth and lymphoma dissemination
Le, Priol Jérôme. "Hétérogénéité phénotypique et fonctionnelle des lymphocytes T CD4+ intrafolliculaires dans le lymphome folliculaire." Rennes 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011REN1S143.
Full textFollicular lymphoma (FL) is the most common indolent non Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Despite a stabilization of incidence and a decreased mortality owing to new drug strategies, survival median is about only 10 years. This tumor is characterized by an accumulation of tumor B cells in lymph nodes. Importantly, the non-tumor microenvironment has a pivotal role in the maintenance and survival of FL B cells. Among the microenvironment-forming-cells, we focused on intrafollicular CD4+ T cells. We showed that intrafollicular CD4+ T cells comprised follicular helper T cells (TFH) supporting the tumor B cell growth. Despite the similarities between FL and tonsil TFH gene expression profile, we revealed some discrepancies, and showed that FL TFH expressed more CD40-L and IL-4 than tonsil TFH. Interestingly, these two factors were able to rescue FL tumor B cells from Rituximab mediated complement-dependent cell apoptosis. In addition, we also revealed the presence of intrafollicular Treg, called TFR. Despite their similar phenotype with TFH, TFR exerted a strong suppressive activity against effector T cells. Overall, we described in the FL microenvironment the presence of two CD4+ T cell subsets sharing similar membrane phenotype but displaying opposite functional properties: either a direct growth effect on tumor FL B cells, or a suppressive activity on effector T cells
Hollville, Emilie. "Rôle de l'antigène GB3/CD77 dans les cellules de lymphome de Burkitt : Relation fonctionnelle avec le BCR et transduction d'un signale apoptotique." Paris 11, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA11T004.
Full textRamuz, Olivier. "Identification de marqueurs pronostiques et de cibles thérapeutiques potentielles dans le domaine des lymphomes malins non hodgkiniens." Aix-Marseille 2, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006AIX20659.
Full textGaribal, Julie. "Apoptose dans les cellules de lymphome de Burkitt : voies de transduction du signal et mécanisme de résistance." Paris 11, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA11T040.
Full textRenouf, Benjamin. "Apoptose induite par l'activation de la p53 dans les cellules de lymphome de Burkitt EBV (+) et EBV (-)." Paris 11, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA11T013.
Full textPiganeau, Marion. "Conséquences cellulaires de la formation de translocations chromosomiques : le modèle du lymphome anaplasique à grandes cellules (ALCL)." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLS068.
Full textChromosomal translocations are signatures of numerous cancers and lead to expression of fusion genes that act as oncogenes. However, the wealth of genomic aberrations found in cancer makes it challenging to assign a specific phenotypic change to a specific aberration. We set out to use genome editing with Zinc Finger Nucleases (ZFN), Tale Effector Nucleases (TALEN), and the CRISPR/Cas9 (Clustered Regularly Interspaced Palindromic Repeats) to induce de novo specific chromosomal translocations in human cells, thus generating new models to interrogate the contribution of tumor-related translocations in first steps of oncogenesis. We specially focused on Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma (ALCL) t(2;5) translocation and NPM-ALK consequent fusion gene. For the first time, we highlighted oncogenic properties for NPM-ALK fusion expressed under endogenous promoter. However, translocation induction in primary T cells suggests that t(2;5) is not sufficient to initiate ALCL oncogenesis, and likely requires favourable genetic or epigenetic or context
Bellanger, Cynthia. "Bad et circuits autocrines de survie dans les lymphomes diffus à grandes cellules B : implication des neurotrophines." Limoges, 2010. https://aurore.unilim.fr/theses/nxfile/default/76a52126-788d-4ec8-b3c2-a61ddd10cb51/blobholder:0/2010LIMO310M.pdf.
Full textThis work aimed to study the involvement of the pro-apoptotic molecule, Bad, and neuronal growth factors, NGF and BDNF, in malignant cell survival and therapeutic resistance in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, DLBCL. It was structured around two axis. We first showed, in a retrospective study of biopsy samples of nodal DLBCL, that lower Bad expressions were significantly related to advanced clinical stages of the patients, possibly reflecting its function as tumor suppressor. Moreover, Bad staining was positively correlated with PP1α staining (the catalytic subunit of PP1 involved in activation of Bad). Of note, phosphorylated (inactive) Bad was also noticed in these tumors. Finally, high expression of AIF, involved in caspase-independent cell death, proved to be predictive of a longer overall survival in non–rituximab-treated patients (CHOP). Thus, these results collectively suggest the potential clinical relevance of targeting Bad phosphatases and AIF-mediated mitochondrial apoptosis for future therapeutic strategies. In the second study, we showed expression of neurotrophins, NGF and BDNF, and their low (p75NTR with its co-receptor, sortilin) and high (TrkB gp95) affinity receptors in DLBCL cell lines. Interestingly, we showed for the first time that NGF and BDNF production and Trk receptor expression, including TrkA, are regulated by culture conditions (serum deprivation, anti-BCR, rituximab). Finally recent results on pharmacological inhibition of Trk signalling showed a strong cytotoxicity in DLBCL cell cultures. In summary, our results suggest that a neurotrophin axis may contribute in DLBCL to malignant cell survival
Madon, Michel. "Cellules à enclumes de diamant et microscopie électronique en transmission : étude expérimentale des transformations de phase du manteau terrestre." Paris 6, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA066123.
Full textBoudesco, Christophe. "Expression et rôle d’HSP110 dans le lymphome B diffus à grandes cellules de type activé ou ABC-DLBCL." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018UBFCI014.
Full textHeat shock proteins (HSPs) are highly conserved protein across species, and are expressed in all cell type. HSPs are molecular chaperones involved in the folding of newly synthesized or denaturated proteins. HSPs are overexpressed in cancer cells, where they contribute to cancer resistance to chemotherapies. Among HSPs, roles and functions of HSP110 are less described. Interestingly, HSP110 was recently associated with lymphoma aggressiveness in Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma (DLBCL). DLBCL is the most lymphoproliferative disease diagnosed in adult (30% of Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma). Three main subtypes of DLBCL are described: Activated-B-Cell lymphoma (ABC-DLBCL), Germinal Center lymphoma (GC-DLBCL), and Primary Mediastinal B Lymphoma (PMBL). ABC-DLBCL is the most aggressive form associated with a poor prognosis. Even if R-CHOP therapies had improve patient’s survival over the last decades, most of patients experiences relapses or treatment resistances. New molecular target are now necessary to treat efficiently these subtypes.My PhD work has highlighted the role of HSP110 in the NFkB signaling pathway, which is an oncogenic pathway in ABC-DLBCL. First, we show that HSP110 is overexpressed in ABC-DLBCL patient sample. We also show an interaction between HSP110 and Myd88 L265P, that is an oncogenic protein responsible for NFkB pathway activation. Consequently, HSP110 stabilizes Myd88 L265P, leading to a sustain NFkB pathway activation in lymphoma cells, and promoting ABC-DLBCL cell survival and proliferation.Finally, our team recently characterized the first known HSP110 inhibitors. I took the opportunity to test these putative inhibitors in my study. My results suggest that these compounds have similar effects than siRNA or shRNA inhibition of HSP110 on ABC-DLBCL survival. This result provide a ground for future in vivo testing of chemical inhibitors of HSP110.In conclusion, my work highlight HSP110 as a potential therapeutic target in ABC-DLBCL
Meseure, Didier. "Lymphomes malins non hodgkiniens a grandes cellules exprimant l'antigene ki-1 : revue de la litterature a propos de trois cas." Nice, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989NICE6027.
Full textBoulanger, Vincent. "Lymphomes à grandes cellules anaplasiques CD 30+ : pronostic et évolution dans une série rétrospective de 72 patients." Bordeaux 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998BOR23043.
Full textDubois, Sydney. "Profilage moléculaire des Lymphomes Diffus à Grandes Cellules B : vers une médecine personnalisée." Rouen, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ROUENR09.
Full textDiffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common form of Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma, with approximately 4000 new cases per year in France. Over the past decade, high-throughput techniques have revolutionized the genomic landscape of DLBCL. Indeed, gene expression profiling has highlighted different molecular subtypes of DLBCL, Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) has identified recurrent somatic mutations, and comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) has discovered emblematic copy number variations. Importantly, in many cases these alterations impact potentially actionable targets, thus affording novel personalized therapy opportunities. The work presented herein aimed to detail the heterogeneous molecular profiles of LDGCB, focusing on the detection of alterations with strong theranostic impact, in order to better tailor patients’ targeted therapy regimens. First, we demonstrated the possibility of developing a targeted NGS panel, which was informative for the vast majority of patients analyzed and fully applicable in daily clinical practice. Next, the profiles of patients harboring EZH2 or MYD88 mutations were scrutinized given that these alterations are actionable by EZH2 or NFkB pathway inhibitors currently in development. Finally, our work led to the integration of data from diverse molecular profiling techniques in the hopes of isolating more precise subgroups of patients to target, as we advance towards the personalized medicine era in DLBCL
PONCET, JEAN-MARC. "Etude de la matrice extracellulaire sécrétée par les cellules du manteau d'un mollusque nacrier : processus de synthèse et leurs régulations." Caen, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000CAEN2048.
Full textSibaud, Vincent. "Etude de la clonalite T lymphocytaire cutanée, sanguine et médullaire dans les lymphomes T cutanés." Bordeaux 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999BOR23081.
Full textDandoit, Mylène. "Evaluation de l'impact de la prise en charge thérapeutique sur la survie et la qualité de vie des patients atteints d'un lymphome folliculaire ou d'un lymphome B diffus à grandes cellules." Thesis, Dijon, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014DIJOS038/document.
Full textIn France, hematologic malignancies, which are the sixthmost common cancers, are amajor public healthproblem. This work aimed to study the impact of the therapeutic management on survival and healt-relatedquality of life (HRQoL) in patients with these hematologic malignancies. The first objective of this work is topresent an overview of the epidemiology of lymphoid malignancies with a study of changes in the incidenceand net survival in the Côte d’Or department between 1980 and 2009. The incidence, which has increased since1980, seems to have stabilized since the 2000s for some entities, including follicular lymphoma (FL) and diffuselarge B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Overall, we observed an improvement in net survival, with, however, a lessfavorable prognosis in the short and long-term for some entities. FL and DLBCL were the first lymphomas tobenefit from the introduction of monoclonal antibodies in their therapeutic management. Our second studyaimed to assess the impact of rituximab on overall survival in patients with FL or DLBCL in the Côte d’Or departmentusing a methodology based on the propensity score. Our results confirmed the significant benefit ofrituximab on overall survival in an unselected population of patients. In view of these results, we studied theHRQoL of these patients during and after treatment. HRQoL evolved differently during follow-up dependingon the type of lymphoma
Zèbre, Germain Jean-Luc. "La leucémie/lymphome T de l'adulte associée au HTLV-1 en Guadeloupe." Bordeaux 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997BOR2M026.
Full textHirz, Taghreed. "Neutrophiles polymorphonucléaires et cancer : l'impact des neutrophiles sur la sensibilité des cellules de lymphome B aux thérapies anti-cancéreuses." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO10327/document.
Full textWhile the role of innate immune cells on tumor progression is the object of increasing scrutiny, the role of neutrophils on sensitivity to therapy has not been previously described. To this end, we performed cocultures of freshly purified human neutrophils and different non- Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) cell lines in the presence of various cytotoxic and targeted agents. CFSE and DAPI assays were performed to assess the therapeutic effect on cell proliferation and cell death, respectively, using flow cytometry. Neutrophils and differentiated HL60 cells with neutrophil-like properties attenuated the sensitivity of lymphoma cells to anti-cancer agents both in 2D and 3D models in vitro. The protective effect of neutrophils was tested in vivo using SCID/CB17 mice inoculated with NHL cells together with neutrophils, and treated with vincristine. The co-inoculation of neutrophils reduced the sensitivity of NHL cells to chemotherapy. Similar findings were made on primary cells, purified from patients diagnosed with chronic lymphocytic leukemia, exposed to cytotoxic agents or recently approved targeted agents (ibrutinib and idelalisib) in the presence of autologous neutrophils. Neutrophil-induced protection was dependent on cell-cell contact mediated by the interaction of CD11b and ICAM-1, expressed by neutrophils and B cells respectively, and by the adhesion molecule CD44. This protective effect was Mcl-1-dependent and was partially abrogated by an anti- Mcl-1 compound
Mareschal, Sylvain. "Caractérisation multi-omique des Lymphomes B Diffus à Grandes Cellules." Rouen, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ROUES046.
Full textDiffuse large B-cell lymphomas (DLBCLs) are tumors originating in the lymphatic system, accounting for 4 000 new cases per year in France. While much progress has been made regarding their treatment, one of three patients still does not respond to current immuno-chemotherapies. The present work consisted in characterizing these cancers using various high-throughput technologies, in order to identify somatic alterations that could explain this refractoriness or allow it to be suspected at diagnosis. Gene expression profiling had previously identified two subtypes with distinct outcomes, termed « Activated B-Cell like » and « Germinal Center B-cell like », which we were able to identify using a new simple diagnostic test. The development of bioinformatics software to handle CGH array data confirmed several copy number gains and losses in DLBCLs, and led to a more precise characterization of CDKN2A loss. Finally the sequencing of 14 exomes of relapsed or refractory DLBCLs produced an interesting picture of somatic mutations associated with this phenotype, and highlighted several new leads. An extensive review of the bibliography is proposed on each of these three aspects of tumoral genome alteration, as well as several new bioinformatics methods that may be applied to distinct cancer types in a near future
Maby-El, Hajjami Hélène. "Microenvironnement et lymphomes B du centre germinatif : importance de la niche mésenchymateuse." Rennes 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008REN1S017.
Full textFollicular lymphoma (FL) results from the malignant transformation of germinal center-derived B cells that accumulate within lymph nodes. This disease is characterized by an important crosstalk between non malignant cells and the tumoral compartment. Bone marrow also provides a preferential niche for FL malignant cells, since tumoral infiltration is found in up to 70% of FL cases at diagnosis, in association with the emergence of ectopic lymph node-like environment. The originality and the goal of our project were to study in vitro FL cells in respect of their supportive microenvironment. We focused our studies on mesenchymal cell compartments. Two cell populations seemed to be of great interest in B-cell lymphomagenesis: fibroblastic reticular cells (FRCs), and their postulated progenitors mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Indeed, cells with phenotypic and functional features of MSCs could be found not only in the medullar but also in the lymphoid compartments. We demonstrated that MSCs could acquire a complete phenotype of FRCs after stimulation with tumor necrosis factor-α and lymphotoxin-α1β2 or after a direct contact with FL cells, and were able to support migration, adhesion and growth of lymphoma B cells. However, the B cell-supportive properties of MSCs and FRCs were overruled following their pretreatment with interferon-γ. Indeed, IFN-γ-conditioned mesenchymal cells developed functional indoleamine 2, 3 dioxygenase activity, which was reponsible of both antiproliferative and proapoptotic effects on tumoral B cells. Our results underline the key role and the complexity of cellular and molecular environment in FL
Touitou, Valérie. "Etude du microenvironnement cellulaire et moléculaire des lymphomes B intra-oculaires : mise au point d'un modèle murin et étude du rôle des lymphocytes T régulateurs naturels." Paris 6, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA066594.
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