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Journal articles on the topic 'Lysine – Synthesis'

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Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 7 February 2022

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1

Levitina, E. S., L. F. Godunova, L. N. Kaigorodova, E. I. Karpeiskaya, E. I. Klabunovskii, and D. D. Gogoladze. "Asymmetrical synthesis of lysine derivatives." Bulletin of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR Division of Chemical Science 35, no. 4 (1986): 842–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00954244.

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2

Jeong, Seongwook, Young Joo Yeon, Eun-Gyu Choi, et al. "Alkaliphilic lysine decarboxylases for effective synthesis of cadaverine from L-lysine." Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering 33, no. 5 (2016): 1530–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11814-016-0079-5.

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3

Henriksen, Peter, Sebastian A. Wagner, Brian T. Weinert, et al. "Proteome-wide Analysis of Lysine Acetylation Suggests its Broad Regulatory Scope in Saccharomyces cerevisiae." Molecular & Cellular Proteomics 11, no. 11 (2012): 1510–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/mcp.m112.017251.

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Post-translational modification of proteins by lysine acetylation plays important regulatory roles in living cells. The budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a widely used unicellular eukaryotic model organism in biomedical research. S. cerevisiae contains several evolutionary conserved lysine acetyltransferases and deacetylases. However, only a few dozen acetylation sites in S. cerevisiae are known, presenting a major obstacle for further understanding the regulatory roles of acetylation in this organism. Here we use high resolution mass spectrometry to identify about 4000 lysine acetylat

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4

Galili, Gad. "Regulation of Lysine and Threonine Synthesis." Plant Cell 7, no. 7 (1995): 899. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3870045.

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5

Shen, Zongxuan, Yawen Zhang, and Yan Chen. "Synthesis of Dye-Labeled Lysine Derivatives." Synthetic Communications 30, no. 14 (2000): 2525–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00397910008087416.

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6

Sutherland, Andrew, and Christine L. Willis. "Synthesis of [6-13C]-L-lysine." Journal of Labelled Compounds and Radiopharmaceuticals 38, no. 1 (1996): 95–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1099-1344(199601)38:1<95::aid-jlcr816>3.0.co;2-q.

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7

Ganorkar, Rakesh, Amarnath Natarajan, Ahmed Mamai, and José S. Madalengoitia. "Synthesis of Conformationally Constrained Lysine Analogues." Journal of Organic Chemistry 71, no. 13 (2006): 5004–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jo060210f.

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8

Klabunovskii, E. I., E. I. Karpeiskaya, E. S. Levitina, L. F. Godunova, and L. N. Kaigorodova. "Catalytic asymmetric synthesis of L-lysine." Bulletin of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR Division of Chemical Science 34, no. 9 (1985): 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00953957.

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9

Athanasiou, Varvara, Pandora Thimi, Melina Liakopoulou та ін. "Synthesis and Characterization of the Novel Nε-9-Fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl-l-Lysine N-Carboxy Anhydride. Synthesis of Well-Defined Linear and Branched Polypeptides". Polymers 12, № 12 (2020): 2819. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12122819.

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The synthesis of well-defined polypeptides exhibiting complex macromolecular architectures requires the use of monomers that can be orthogonally deprotected, containing primary amines that will be used as the initiator for the Ring Opening Polymerization (ROP) of N-carboxy anhydrides. The synthesis and characterization of the novel monomer Nε-9-Fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl-l-Lysine N-carboxy anhydride (Nε-Fmoc-l-Lysine NCA), as well as the novel linear Poly(Nε-Fmoc-l-Lys)n homopolypeptide and Poly(l-Lysine)78–block–[Poly(l-Lysine)10–graft–Poly(l-Histidine)15] block-graft copolypeptide, are present

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10

Tesseraud, S., R. Peresson, J. Lopes, and A. M. Chagneau. "Dietary lysine deficiency greatly affects muscle and liver protein turnover in growing chickens." British Journal of Nutrition 75, no. 6 (1996): 853–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/bjn19960191.

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We analysed the respective influences of age and lysine deficiency on skeletal muscle and liver protein turnover. Growing male broilers were fed ad libirum on isoenergetic diets containing 2OO g crude protein/kg which varied in their lysine content (7·7 or 10·1 g/kg). Fractional rates of protein synthesis (FSR) were measured in vivo in the liver and the pectoralis major muscle of 2-, 3- and 4-week-old chickens (flooding dose of l-[143H]phenylalanine). Fractional rates of proteolysis (FBR) were estimated for the same tissues as the difference between synthesis and growth. Over the 2-week period

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11

Roisné-Hamelin, Gaëtan, Joanna Moro, Nicolas Delahaye, et al. "Lysine and Threonine Restriction Reproduced the Lower Synthesis but Not the Higher Catabolism of Liver and Muscle Protein of Severely Protein Restricted Growing Rats." Current Developments in Nutrition 5, Supplement_2 (2021): 519. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzab041_034.

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Abstract Objectives The availability of indispensable amino acids (IAA) modulates protein turnover. More particularly AAI deficiency reduces protein synthesis while the consequence on proteolysis remains unclear. The present study aims to evaluate the specific response of both protein synthesis and proteolysis to a diet restricted on one strictly indispensable IAA, either lysine or threonine Methods Sixty-four growing rats were divided into 8 groups (n = 8/group). They were fed for 3 weeks isocaloric diets composed with different levels of lysine or threonine (L or T), 15, 25, 40, 60, 75, 100

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12

Ahmad, N., M. Ahmad, S. N. Singh, and S. S. Talwar. "Synthesis of L-Lysine Coated Magnetite Nanoparticles." Advanced Science, Engineering and Medicine 5, no. 4 (2013): 362–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/asem.2013.1266.

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13

Maity, Amarendra Nath, and Shyue-Chu Ke. "Synthesis of 4-thia[5-13C]lysine." Journal of Labelled Compounds and Radiopharmaceuticals 54, no. 9 (2011): 589–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jlcr.1893.

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14

Masiukiewicz, Ełżbieta, Stanislaw Wiejak та Barbara Rzeszotarska. "AN IMPROVED SYNTHESIS OFNα-BENZYLOXYCARBONYL-L-LYSINE". Organic Preparations and Procedures International 31, № 4 (1999): 456–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00304949909355740.

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15

van Kralingen, Leon, Martin W. Bredenkamp, and Ron D. Sanderson. "Synthesis of Novel a PEG-Lysine Polymer." Macromolecular Symposia 255, no. 1 (2007): 90–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/masy.200750910.

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16

Matthews, Dwight E. "Review of Lysine Metabolism with a Focus on Humans." Journal of Nutrition 150, Supplement_1 (2020): 2548S—2555S. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jn/nxaa224.

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ABSTRACT Lysine cannot be synthesized by most higher organisms and, therefore, is an indispensable amino acid (IAA) that must be consumed in adequate amounts to maintain protein synthesis. Although lysine is an abundant amino acid in body proteins, lysine is limited in abundance in many important food sources (e.g. grains). Older observations assigned importance to lysine because animals fed a lysine-deficient diet did not lose weight as fast as animals placed upon other IAA-deficient diets, leading to the theory that there may be a special pool of lysine or metabolites that could be converted

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17

Koreishi, Mayuko, Ryoko Kawasaki, Hiroyuki Imanaka, Koreyoshi Imamura, and Kazuhiro Nakanishi. "A novel ∈-lysine acylase from Streptomyces mobaraensis for synthesis of N∈ -acyl-l -lysines." Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society 82, no. 9 (2005): 631–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11746-005-1121-2.

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18

Doherty, William, Jinju James, Paul Evans, et al. "Preparation, anti-trypanosomal activity and localisation of a series of dipeptide-based vinyl sulfones." Org. Biomol. Chem. 12, no. 38 (2014): 7561–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ob01412j.

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19

Torrallardona, David, C. Ian Harris, and Malcolm F. Fuller. "Microbial amino acid synthesis and utilization in rats: the role of coprophagy." British Journal of Nutrition 76, no. 5 (1996): 701–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/bjn19960077.

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Four rats were housed in cages with mesh floors; another four rats were housed in tubular anti-coprophagy cages, in which they could not turn round to reach their own faeces. Both groups were fed for 6 d on a low-protein diet containing fermentable carbohydrates and 15NH4Cl. At the end of the experiment the rats were killed and their carcasses were homogenized, lysine was isolated by ion-exchange chromatography and its 15N enrichment measured by isotope-ratio mass spectrometry. The 15N enrichment in the lysine of the microbial fraction of faeces and the total amount of lysine in the body were

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20

Shi, Ting-Ting, Zheng Fang, Wen-Bo Zeng, Zhao Yang, Wei He та Kai Guo. "Design, synthesis and properties investigation of Nα-acylation lysine based derivatives". RSC Advances 9, № 13 (2019): 7587–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9ra00213h.

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21

Ha, Eun-Ju, Mijin Kim, Jinku Kim, Seong Soo A. An, and Hyun-Jong Paik. "Solid Phase Synthesis of Lysine-exposed Peptide-Polymer Hybrids by Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization." Polymer Korea 38, no. 4 (2014): 550–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.7317/pk.2014.38.4.550.

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22

Torrallardona, David, C. Ian Harris, Marie E. Coates, and Malcolm F. Fuller. "Microbial amino acid synthesis and utilization in rats: incorporation of15N from15NH4Cl into lysine in the tissues of germ-free and conventional rats." British Journal of Nutrition 76, no. 5 (1996): 689–700. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/bjn19960076.

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The absorption of lysine synthesised by the gastrointestinal microflora was estimated by comparing the15N incorporated into body lysine in four germ-free (15N-GF) and four conventional (15N-CV) rats. They were fed for 10d on a protein-free diet containing fermentable carbohydrates and15NHM4Cl; another four conventional rats (control), fed on the same diet but with unlabelled NH4Cl, were used to estimate the natural abundance of15N. The eviscerated carcass of each rat was homogenized and a sample hydrolysed. Lysine was isolated by ion-exchange chromatography and its15N enrichment was measured b

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23

Fornazier, Ricardo Francisco, Ricardo Antunes Azevedo, Renato Rodrigues Ferreira, and Vanderlei Aparecido Varisi. "Lysine catabolism: flow, metabolic role and regulation." Brazilian Journal of Plant Physiology 15, no. 1 (2003): 9–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1677-04202003000100002.

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Lysine is an essential amino acid, synthesized in plants in the aspartic acid pathway. The lysine catabolism is performed by the action of two consecutive enzymes, lysine 2-oxoglutarate reductase (LOR) and saccharopine dehydrogenase (SDH). The steady state of lysine is controlled by both, synthesis and catabolism rates, with the final soluble lysine concentration in cereal seeds a direct result of these processes. In the last 40 years, the enzymes involved in lysine biosynthesis have been purified and characterized from some plant species such as carrot, maize, barley, rice, and coix. Recent r

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24

Jiang, Rui-Jian, Bo Yang, Dong Yi та ін. "Synthesis and characterization of a series of novel amino β-cyclodextrin-conjugated poly(ε-lysine) derivatives". Journal of Polymer Engineering 34, № 2 (2014): 133–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/polyeng-2013-0194.

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Abstract Soluble poly(ε-lysine)s bearing β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) moieties were prepared by three amino β-CD derivatives and N-succinylated poly(ε-lysine), in which the poly(ε-lysine) and amino β-CD derivatives were bonded covalently to the end carboxyl groups of succinic acid by peptide bonds. 1-Ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride (EDCI) and N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) were chosen to assist the reaction. The three poly(ε-lysine) derivatives were characterized by 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR). The synthesis process is simple, f

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25

Freidinger, Roger M. "Synthesis of .gamma.-lactam-constrained tryptophyl-lysine derivatives." Journal of Organic Chemistry 50, no. 19 (1985): 3631–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jo00219a041.

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26

Kennedy, Kevin J., Joseph T. Lundquist, Tiberiu L. Simandan, Craig C. Beeson, and Thomas A. Dix. "Asymmetric synthesis of non-natural homologues of lysine." Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters 7, no. 14 (1997): 1937–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0960-894x(97)00335-1.

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27

Kalinnikov, V. T., Zh A. Ezhova, N. A. Zakharov, and E. M. Koval’. "Lysine-containing calcium hydroxylapatite: Synthesis and physicochemical characterization." Russian Journal of Inorganic Chemistry 52, no. 1 (2007): 112–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0036023607010196.

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28

Zhao, Yu-Fen, Bo Han, Gang Zhao та Hua Fu. "Synthesis of Novel Nα, Nγ-Lysine Linked Dinucleotides". Synthetic Communications 30, № 17 (2000): 3141–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00397910008086923.

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29

Yuan, Sun-Shine, and Alfred M. Ajami. "Synthesis of [1, 2-13C2]-S-Lysine Hydrochloride." Journal of the Chinese Chemical Society 36, no. 5 (1989): 479–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jccs.198900066.

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30

Lee, Cameron C., and Jean M. J. Fréchet. "Synthesis and Conformations of Dendronized Poly(l-lysine)." Macromolecules 39, no. 2 (2006): 476–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ma052078b.

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31

Shen, Zongxuan, and Yawen Zhang. "ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Dye-Labeled Lysine Derivatives." ChemInform 31, no. 43 (2000): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.200043198.

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32

Baltina, L. A., R. M. Kondratenko, L. A. Baltina, O. A. Plyasunova, F. Z. Galin, and G. A. Tolstikov. "Synthesis of glycyrrhizic acid conjugates containing L-lysine." Chemistry of Natural Compounds 42, no. 5 (2006): 543–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10600-006-0210-7.

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33

Jahoor, F., D. G. Burrin, P. J. Reeds, and M. Frazer. "Measurement of plasma protein synthesis rate in infant pig: an investigation of alternative tracer approaches." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 267, no. 1 (1994): R221—R227. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.1994.267.1.r221.

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To devise a new method to measure plasma protein synthesis, we tested the hypothesis that, when [U-13C]glucose is used to produce [U-13C]alanine, plasma pyruvate and alanine will be in isotopic equilibrium with the alanine used to synthesize plasma proteins. The incorporation of labeled leucine, lysine, and alanine into very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) apolipoprotein B (apoB)-100, albumin, and fibrinogen was measured in seven infant pigs by infusing [U-13C]glucose, [2H3]leucine, and [2H4]lysine. The plateau enrichments of plasma alanine (2.29 +/- 0.29), pyruvate (2.5 +/- 0.33), and apoB-ala

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34

Wang, Wei, Yi Dai, Mingchun Wang, Wenpeng Yang, and Degang Zhao. "Transcriptome Dynamics of Double Recessive Mutant, o2o2o16o16, Reveals the Transcriptional Mechanisms in the Increase of Its Lysine and Tryptophan Content in Maize." Genes 10, no. 4 (2019): 316. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes10040316.

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In maize, pyramiding of o2 and o16 alleles can greatly improve the nutritional quality of grains. To dissect its molecular mechanism, we created a double recessive mutant line, o2o2o16o16, by introgression of the o2 and o16 alleles into the wild-type maize inbred line, by molecular marker-assisted backcross selection. The kernels (18 day after pollination (DAP), 28 DAP, and 38 DAP) of the o2o2o16o16 mutant and its parent lines were subject to RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq). The RNA-Seq analysis revealed that 59 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were involved in lysine metabolism and 43 DEGs were

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35

Chen, Francis M. F., and N. Leo Benoiton. "A synthesis of N6, N6, N6 -trimethyl-L-lysine dioxalate in gram amounts." Biochemistry and Cell Biology 64, no. 3 (1986): 182–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/o86-027.

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A procedure is described for the synthesis of crystalline N6, N6, N6 -trimethyl-L-lysine dioxalate in gram amounts starting from the commercially available N2-tert-butoxycarbonyl-N6-benzyloxycarbonyl-L-lysine, which is reacted with methyl iodide in methanol in the presence of potassium hydrogen carbonate after deprotection of the side-chain amino group by catalytic hydrogenation. The work-up involves only filtrations and evaporations.

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36

Eom, Khee Dong, Jin Sook Kim, Sun Mi Park та ін. "A Facile Synthesis and Physical Properties of Nano-Sized Dendritic α,ε-Poly(L-lysine)s for the Delivery of Nucleic Acids". Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 6, № 11 (2006): 3532–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2006.17976.

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A series of nano-sized dendritic α,ε-poly(L-lysine)s (DPL) were synthesized by the solid-phase peptide synthesis method, using a core ε-peptide structure consisting of eight lysine residues. Surface amines of dendritic α,ε-poly(L-lysine) were characterized by comparing the retention times of a reverse phase HPLC with the electrophoretic mobilities of capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) and non-denatured polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE). The elution times of α,ε-poly(L-lysine) in HPLC were well correlated with the electrophoretic mobilities of CZE and PAGE. The separation was dependen

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37

Brtník, František, Tomislav Barth, Petr Maloň, Ivo Frič, Vija E. Kluša, and Karel Jošt. "4-Phenylalanine analogues of vasopressin: Synthesis, pharmacological and chiroptical properties." Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 51, no. 7 (1986): 1532–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc19861532.

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38

Xiao, Ming, Huaibo Li, Yujing Wang, et al. "Characterization of the N-terminal domain of classical swine fever virus RNA-dependent RNA polymerase." Journal of General Virology 87, no. 2 (2006): 347–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/vir.0.81385-0.

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To investigate RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) further, mutational analysis of the N-terminal domain of the NS5B protein of Classical swine fever virus was performed. Results show that the N-terminal domain (positions 1–300) of the protein might be divided artificially into four different regions, N1–N4. The N1 region (positions 1–61) contained neither conserved lysine nor conserved arginine residues. NS5B protein with deletion of the N1 region has the capacity for elongative RNA synthesis, but not for de novo RNA synthesis on natural templates. All substitutions of the conserved lysines a

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39

Nagao, Kenji, Makoto Bannai, Shinobu Seki, Nobuhiro Kawai, Masato Mori, and Michio Takahashi. "Voluntary wheel running is beneficial to the amino acid profile of lysine-deficient rats." American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism 298, no. 6 (2010): E1170—E1178. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.00763.2009.

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Rats voluntarily run up to a dozen kilometers per night when their cages are equipped with a running wheel. Daily voluntary running is generally thought to enhance protein turnover. Thus, we sought to determine whether running worsens or improves protein degradation caused by a lysine-deficient diet and whether it changes the utilization of free amino acids released by proteolysis. Rats were fed a lysine-deficient diet and were given free access to a running wheel or remained sedentary (control) for 4 wk. Amino acid levels in plasma, muscle, and liver were measured together with plasma insulin

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40

Vlasov, G. P., A. P. Filippov, I. I. Tarasenko, et al. "Hyperbranched poly(L-lysine) modified with histidine residues via lysine terminal amino groups: Synthesis and structure." Polymer Science Series A 50, no. 4 (2008): 374–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0965545x08040032.

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41

Zhou, Li-Bang, and An-Ping Zeng. "Exploring Lysine Riboswitch for Metabolic Flux Control and Improvement of l-Lysine Synthesis in Corynebacterium glutamicum." ACS Synthetic Biology 4, no. 6 (2015): 729–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/sb500332c.

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42

Salter, D. N., A. I. Montgomery, Anna Hudson, D. B. Quelch, and Rosemary J. Elliott. "Lysine requirements and whole-body protein turnover in growing pigs." British Journal of Nutrition 63, no. 3 (1990): 503–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/bjn19900137.

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The influence on protein accretion and whole-body protein turnover of changing dietary protein quality while maintaining constant energy intake was studied by varying the degree of lysine supplementation of a lysine-deficient barley-based diet given to growing pigs. Measurements of nitrogen metabolism and whole-body protein turnover, using both classical and 15N end-product methods following a single dose of lsqb;15N]glycine, were made in 49-kg male pigs given diets containing 109 g lysine-deficient protein/kg supplemented to make them (1) 'deficient', (2) 'adequate' and (3) 'in excess' with r

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43

Pinchasov, Y., I. Nir, and Zafrira Nitsan. "The synthesis in vivo of proteins in various tissues in chickens adapted to intermittent feeding." British Journal of Nutrition 60, no. 3 (1988): 517–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/bjn19880124.

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1. Protein synthesis was estimated in vivo in breast (superficial pectoral) and tibia (gastrocnemius) muscles, liver, kidney, pancreas, crop, duodenum, jejunum and ileum, using L-[U-14C]lysine injection. The effect on incorporation of [14C]lysine 1 and 2 h after injection was examined in five chickens adapted or not adapted to intermittent feeding.2. Incorporation of [14C]lysine into tissue decreased in magnitude in the following descending order: pancreas > jejunum, duodenum > ileum, crop, liver > kidney > tibia, breast muscle and blood plasma.3. The incorporation of [14C]lysine i

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44

Malaeru, Teodora, Delia Patroi, Elena Enescu, et al. "Synthesis and Characterization of Water Dispersible Iron Oxide (�a-Fe2O3) Nanoparticles for Biomedical Applications." Revista de Chimie 71, no. 10 (2020): 89–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.37358/rc.20.10.8353.

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In this study, L-lysine coated �a-Fe2O3 nanoparticles were synthesized by a chemical approach in two steps. In the first step �a-Fe2O3 nanoparticles were synthesized by a polyol-reduction method. XRD analysis confirmed the presence of cubic maghemite phase with an average crystallite size of 9.2 nm. SEM analysis showed that the prepared �a-Fe2O3 nanoparticles have a spherical structural morphology with the tendency of agglomeration and with size in the range 8.36- 10.69 nm. The �a-Fe2O3 nanoparticles were coated with L-lysine in the second stage in an aqueous dispersion with ultrasonication fo

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45

Savary, Isabelle C., Simone O. Hoskin, Ngaire Dennison, and Gerald E. Lobley. "Lysine metabolism across the hindquarters of sheep; effect of intake on transfers from plasma and red blood cells." British Journal of Nutrition 85, no. 5 (2001): 565–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/bjn2000318.

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Both plasma and red blood cells contain amino acids (AA), but the relative amount of AA transferred from each vascular compartment to the tissues remains unclear. For splanchnic tissues, the relative transfers between the plasma, the red blood cells and the tissues may vary with nutritional state, but whether the same situation pertains for other tissues is not known. The current study focused on the transfer of lysine from plasma and red blood cells across the hindquarters of sheep offered four levels of intakes (0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.5×maintenance energy). This design, coupled with use of [U-1

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46

Arai, Toru, Yoshikazu Shimote, Norikazu Nishino, and Akihiko Tsuge. "Synthesis and the electron transfer reaction of (metallo)-porphyrin linked with a fullerene through an (L)-lysine spacer." Journal of Porphyrins and Phthalocyanines 14, no. 12 (2010): 1019–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1088424610002860.

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A novel visible-light induced electron transfer system composed of the free-base or Zn porphyrin, C60 molecule, and an (L)-lysine was synthesized and characterized. The porphyrin and C60 were covalently linked by the amide bonds through a relatively long and flexible spacer, (L)-lysine. The 1H NMR spectrum of the Zn porphyrin/(L)-lysine/ C60 conjugate (3Zn) suggested that C60 caused the slow molecular motion of this molecule. The steady-state absorption and the emission spectra of 3Zn revealed the intramolecular excited-state electron transfer from the Zn porphyrin moiety to the C60 moiety. Th

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47

Rutherfurd, Shane M., and Paul J. Moughan. "Development of a novel bioassay for determining the available lysine contents of foods and feedstuffs." Nutrition Research Reviews 20, no. 1 (2007): 3–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954422407739124.

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Lysine is an important indispensable amino acid, and describing the lysine content of a food or feedstuff provides useful information about nutritional value. However, when a food or feedstuff is subjected to heating the lysine present can be altered to nutritionally unavailable derivatives. These derivatives can revert back to lysine during the acid hydrolysis step used in amino acid analysis causing an overestimate of the lysine content. There have been many chemical methods developed to determine the reactive (unmodified) lysine content of foods and feedstuffs, but these do not take into ac

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Kobashi, Nobuyuki, Makoto Nishiyama та Masaru Tanokura. "Aspartate Kinase-Independent Lysine Synthesis in an Extremely Thermophilic Bacterium, Thermus thermophilus: Lysine Is Synthesized via α-Aminoadipic Acid Not via Diaminopimelic Acid". Journal of Bacteriology 181, № 6 (1999): 1713–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.181.6.1713-1718.1999.

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ABSTRACT An aspartate kinase-deficient mutant of Thermus thermophilus, AK001, was constructed. The mutant strain did not grow in a minimal medium, suggesting that T. thermophiluscontains a single aspartate kinase. Growth of the mutant strain was restored by addition of both threonine and methionine, while addition of lysine had no detectable effect on growth. To further elucidate the lysine biosynthetic pathway in T. thermophilus, lysine auxotrophic mutants of T. thermophilus were obtained by chemical mutagenesis. For all lysine auxotrophic mutants, growth in a minimal medium was not restored

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Metges, Cornelia C., Antoine E. El-Khoury, Lidewij Henneman, et al. "Availability of intestinal microbial lysine for whole body lysine homeostasis in human subjects." American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism 277, no. 4 (1999): E597—E607. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.1999.277.4.e597.

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We have investigated whether there is a net contribution of lysine synthesized de novo by the gastrointestinal microflora to lysine homeostasis in six adults. On two separate occasions an adequate diet was given for a total of 11 days, and a 24-h (12-h fast, 12-h fed) tracer protocol was performed on the last day, in which lysine turnover, oxidation, and splanchnic uptake were measured on the basis of intravenous and oral administration ofl-[1-13C]lysine andl-[6,6-2H2]lysine, respectively. [15N2]urea or15NH4Cl was ingested daily over the last 6 days to label microbial protein. In addition, sev

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Urabe, Daisuke, Keisuke Fukaya, Yuri Kono, Makoto Hibi та Yasuhisa Asano. "A New Entry to the Synthesis of (±)-β-Lysine". HETEROCYCLES 101, № 2 (2020): 701. http://dx.doi.org/10.3987/com-19-s(f)38.

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