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Journal articles on the topic 'Lysozyme and bacteria'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 4 February 2022

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1

CARRILLO, W., A. GARCÍA-RUIZ, I. RECIO, and M. V. MORENO-ARRIBAS. "Antibacterial Activity of Hen Egg White Lysozyme Modified by Heat and Enzymatic Treatments against Oenological Lactic Acid Bacteria and Acetic Acid Bacteria." Journal of Food Protection 77, no. 10 (2014): 1732–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-14-009.

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The antimicrobial activity of heat-denatured and hydrolyzed hen egg white lysozyme against oenological lactic acid and acetic acid bacteria was investigated. The lysozyme was denatured by heating, and native and heat-denatured lysozymes were hydrolyzed by pepsin. The lytic activity against Micrococcus lysodeikticus of heat-denatured lysozyme decreased with the temperature of the heat treatment, whereas the hydrolyzed lysozyme had no enzymatic activity. Heat-denatured and hydrolyzed lysozyme preparations showed antimicrobial activity against acetic acid bacteria. Lysozyme heated at 90°C exerted

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2

Ren, Qian, Chunyang Wang, Min Jin, et al. "Co-option of bacteriophage lysozyme genes by bivalve genomes." Open Biology 7, no. 1 (2017): 160285. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsob.160285.

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Eukaryotes have occasionally acquired genetic material through horizontal gene transfer (HGT). However, little is known about the evolutionary and functional significance of such acquisitions. Lysozymes are ubiquitous enzymes that degrade bacterial cell walls. Here, we provide evidence that two subclasses of bivalves (Heterodonta and Palaeoheterodonta) acquired a lysozyme gene via HGT, building on earlier findings. Phylogenetic analyses place the bivalve lysozyme genes within the clade of bacteriophage lysozyme genes, indicating that the bivalves acquired the phage-type lysozyme genes from bac

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3

Huang, Hai, Juan Du, Shang-Wei Li, and Tao Gong. "Identification and Functional Analysis of a Lysozyme Gene from Coridius chinensis (Hemiptera: Dinidoridae)." Biology 10, no. 4 (2021): 330. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology10040330.

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Coridius chinensis is a valuable medicinal insect resource in China. Previous studies have indicated that the antibacterial and anticancer effects of the C. chinensis extract mainly come from the active polypeptides. Lysozyme is an effective immune effector in insect innate immunity and usually has excellent bactericidal effects. There are two kinds of lysozymes in insects, c-type and i-type, which play an important role in innate immunity and intestinal digestion. Studying lysozyme in C. chinensis will be helpful to further explore the evolutionary relationship and functional differences amon

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4

Kusumaningrum, Harsi Dewantari, Syahrizal Nasution, E. Kusumaningtyas, and D. N. Faridah. "Lysozyme from Chicken Egg White as an Antibacterial Agent." Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences 28, no. 4 (2019): 175. http://dx.doi.org/10.14334/wartazoa.v28i4.1882.

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<p class="00-6Abstrak2Wtz">Lysozyme is one of the constituent proteins of chicken egg white that plays an important role in a protection system during the embryo growing process. Lysozyme protection systems can be applied in food and for health. This paper aims to describe the role of egg white lysozyme which has the antibacterial activity to improve food safety and health. Mechanism and activity of lysozyme protection can be explored by understanding the structure of proteins, type of amino acids, and the sequence of amino acids. The mechanism of lysozyme antibacterial activity against

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5

Gabrieli, A., P. Wild, E. M. Schraner, A. Pellegrini, and R. von Fellenberg. "How does lysozyme affect Escherichia coli: questions arising from impact frozen and freeze-substitutet bacteria." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 53 (August 13, 1995): 876–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100140750.

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Since the discovery by Fleming in 1922 that lysozyme has the ability to lyse Grampositive bacteria but not Gram-negative bacteria the assumption was established that lysozyme per se cannot affect Gram-negative bacteria. One basis of this assumption is that lysozyme is an enzyme with muramidase activity acting on the peptidoglycan. In E. coli, the peptoglycan layer is protected by the outer membrane, and, thus lysozyme has no access to it unless the outer membrane is destroyed, e.g. by EDTA or complement1. Accidentally, Pellegrini et al. found that lysozyme kills but does not lyse E. coli. Elec

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Martinez, Jose G., Michael Waldon, Qiyu Huang, et al. "Membrane-targeted synergistic activity of docosahexaenoic acid and lysozyme against Pseudomonas aeruginosa." Biochemical Journal 419, no. 1 (2009): 193–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj20081505.

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Antimicrobial polypeptides, including lysozymes, have membrane perturbing activity and are well-documented effector molecules of innate immunity. In cystic fibrosis, a hereditary disease with frequent lung infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa, the non-esterified fatty acid DA (docosahexaenoic acid), but not OA (oleic acid), is decreased, and DA supplementation has been shown to improve the clinical condition in these patients. We hypothesized that DA may, either alone or in conjunction with lysozyme, exert antibacterial action against Ps. aeruginosa. We found that DA and lysozyme synergistica

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7

Stenfors, Lars-Eric, Helga-Marie Bye, and Simo Räisänen. "Immunocytochemical localization of lysozyme and lactoferrin attached to surface bacteria of the palatine tonsils during infectious mononucleosis." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 116, no. 4 (2002): 264–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/0022215021910717.

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Bacterial samples were obtained from the tonsillar surfaces of seven patients (four males, three females; median age 18 years, range 15 to 21 years) suffering from acute infectious mononucleosis with concomitant pharyngotonsillitis, and from five healthy controls. By using gold-labelled antiserum to human lysozyme and lactoferrin, micro-organisms on the tonsillar surfaces coated with these antibacterial substances could be identified by tracing the gold particles in the transmission electron microscope. In healthy individuals, most of the bacteria were coated with lysozyme and significantly mo

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8

Salm, Heike, and Klaus Geider. "Dual Activity of a Viral Lysozyme with High Efficiency for Growth Inhibition of Erwinia amylovora." Phytopathology® 94, no. 12 (2004): 1315–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto.2004.94.12.1315.

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The lysozyme from Erwinia amylovora phage ΦEa1h was investigated for its ability to inhibit growth of bacteria and compared with the lysozyme from Escherichia coli phage T4. The assays to measure lysozyme activity included cell lysis and growth inhibition of bacteria. Bacterial strains with kanamycin resistance were not affected by lysates containing the ΦEa1h-enzyme. The titer of Micrococcus luteus but not of Erwinia amylovora was diminished by cell extracts containing T4 lysozyme. In contrast, ΦEa1h lysozyme preferentially inhibited E. amylovora, exceeding the T4 lysozyme activity at least o

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9

Kudo, Shigeharu. "Enzymes responsible for the bactericidal effect in extracts of vitelline and fertilisation envelopes of rainbow trout eggs." Zygote 8, no. 3 (2000): 257–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0967199400001052.

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Extracts from both the vitelline envelope (VE) and fertilisation envelopes (FE) of rainbow trout eggs have the ability to exert a bactericidal effect on Gram-positive and -negative bacteria. The effect may be due to the presence of phospholipase D (PLD), lysozyme, proteinase and DNases, as the extracts contain these enzyme activities. The intensity of chorionic PLD and lysozyme activities in the VE extract was maintained in the FE without any alteration in activity even after transformation in the course of the cortical reaction, as components of a fundamental architecture of the envelope. Bot

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10

Teneback, Charlotte C., Thomas C. Scanlon, Matthew J. Wargo, Jenna L. Bement, Karl E. Griswold, and Laurie W. Leclair. "Bioengineered Lysozyme Reduces Bacterial Burden and Inflammation in a Murine Model of Mucoid Pseudomonas aeruginosa Lung Infection." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 57, no. 11 (2013): 5559–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.00500-13.

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ABSTRACTThe spread of drug-resistant bacterial pathogens is a growing global concern and has prompted an effort to explore potential adjuvant and alternative therapies derived from nature's repertoire of bactericidal proteins and peptides. In humans, the airway surface liquid layer is a rich source of antibiotics, and lysozyme represents one of the most abundant and effective antimicrobial components of airway secretions. Human lysozyme is active against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, acting through several mechanisms, including catalytic degradation of cell wall peptidoglycan

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Masschalck, Barbara, Rob Van Houdt, Ellen G. R. Van Haver, and Chris W. Michiels. "Inactivation of Gram-Negative Bacteria by Lysozyme, Denatured Lysozyme, and Lysozyme-Derived Peptides under High Hydrostatic Pressure." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 67, no. 1 (2001): 339–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.67.1.339-344.2001.

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ABSTRACT We have studied the inactivation of six gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas fluorescens,Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium, Salmonella enteritidis, Shigella sonnei, and Shigella flexneri) by high hydrostatic pressure treatment in the presence of hen egg-white lysozyme, partially or completely denatured lysozyme, or a synthetic cationic peptide derived from either hen egg white or coliphage T4 lysozyme. None of these compounds had a bactericidal or bacteriostatic effect on any of the tested bacteria at atmospheric pressure. Under high pressure, all bacteria excep

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12

PADGETT, T., I. Y. HAN, and P. L. DAWSON. "Incorporation of Food-Grade Antimicrobial Compounds into Biodegradable Packaging Films." Journal of Food Protection 61, no. 10 (1998): 1330–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-61.10.1330.

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Lysozyme and nisin are both antimicrobial proteins effective against gram-positive bacteria. The use of these antimicrobials in combination with chelating agents displays increased effectiveness against gram-negative bacteria. Packaging films with lysozyme or nisin incorporated into the film structure were tested separately for inhibition against Lactobacillus plantarian. Both lysozyme and nisin were used in combination with EDTA in films and were evaluated for inhibition against Escherichia coli. Two packaging film-forming methods were used to incorporate lysozyme or nisin into biodegradable

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13

Davis, Kimberly M., and Jeffrey N. Weiser. "Modifications to the Peptidoglycan Backbone Help Bacteria To Establish Infection." Infection and Immunity 79, no. 2 (2010): 562–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.00651-10.

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ABSTRACTBacterial pathogens that colonize mucosal surfaces have acquired resistance to antimicrobials that are abundant at these sites. One of the main antimicrobials present on mucosal surfaces is lysozyme, a muramidase that hydrolyzes the peptidoglycan backbone of bacteria. Cleavage of the peptidoglycan backbone leads to bacterial cell death and lysis, which releases bacterial fragments, including peptidoglycan, at the site of infection. Peptidoglycan fragments can be recognized by host receptors and initiate an immune response that will aid in clearing infection. Many mucosal pathogens modi

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BESTER, BERNARD H., and SAMUEL H. LOMBARD. "Influence of Lysozyme on Selected Bacteria Associated with Gouda Cheese." Journal of Food Protection 53, no. 4 (1990): 306–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-53.4.306.

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The germination of Clostridium tyrobutyricum spores; the growth of vegetative cells of C. tyrobutyricum; and the growth of four cultures each of lactobacilli, coliform bacteria, and cheese starter cultures were studied in culture media containing various levels of lysozyme. Lysozyme was found to inhibit vegetative growth of both isolates (BZ15 and C611) of C. tyrobutyricum at concentrations equal to and greater than 250 units/ml. Spore germination was stimulated by lysozyme with maximum stimulation at 250 units/ml. This effect was more evident with the slower germinating strain, C611. One Lact

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Cho, Ju Hyun, Iain P. Fraser, Koichi Fukase, et al. "Human peptidoglycan recognition protein S is an effector of neutrophil-mediated innate immunity." Blood 106, no. 7 (2005): 2551–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2005-02-0530.

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AbstractInnate immune responses to bacteria require cooperative interactions between host recognition molecules and phagocytes. The peptidoglycan recognition proteins (PGRPs) are a large group of proteins found in insects and mammals that bind to bacterial peptidoglycan (PGN). PGRP-S is located with other antimicrobial proteins, such as lysozyme, in the granules of human neutrophils. Whereas both PGRP-S and lysozyme recognize PGN, the exact binding specificity of human PGRP-S, its functional activity, and its potential synergy with other neutrophil-derived bactericidal proteins such as lysozym

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Ahrenholtz, Ingrid, Klaus Harms, Johann de Vries, and Wilfried Wackernagel. "Increased Killing of Bacillus subtilison the Hair Roots of Transgenic T4 Lysozyme-Producing Potatoes." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 66, no. 5 (2000): 1862–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.66.5.1862-1865.2000.

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ABSTRACT Transgenic potato plants expressing the phage T4 lysozyme gene which are resistant to the plant-pathogenic enterobacteriumErwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora have been constructed. The agricultural growth of these potatoes might have harmful effects on soil microbiota as a result of T4 lysozyme release into the rhizosphere. To assess the bactericidal effect of roots, we have developed a novel method to associate the cells of Bacillus subtilis with hair roots of plants and to quantify the survival of cells directly on the root surface by appropriate staining and fluorescence microscop

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17

Ganz, Tomas, Victoria Gabayan, Hsiang-I. Liao, et al. "Increased inflammation in lysozyme M–deficient mice in response to Micrococcus luteus and its peptidoglycan." Blood 101, no. 6 (2003): 2388–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2002-07-2319.

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More than 70 years ago, Alexander Fleming discovered lysozyme and proposed that nonpathogenic bacteria fail to cause disease because they are very susceptible to destruction by lysozyme, an enzyme that is one of the principal proteins of phagocytes. Although much has been learned about the effects of lysozyme in vitro, its biological role in vivo has not been determined. We examined transgenic mice deficient in lysozyme M after challenge by the normally nonpathogenic and highly lysozyme-sensitive bacterium Micrococcus luteus. Despite partial compensation by newly expressed lysozyme P in macrop

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18

Woo, Seung-Gyun, Seong Keun Kim, Baek-Rock Oh, Seung-Goo Lee, and Dae-Hee Lee. "Genetically Encoded Biosensor-Based Screening for Directed Bacteriophage T4 Lysozyme Evolution." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 22 (2020): 8668. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21228668.

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Lysozyme is widely used as a model protein in studies of structure–function relationships. Recently, lysozyme has gained attention for use in accelerating the degradation of secondary sludge, which mainly consists of bacteria. However, a high-throughput screening system for lysozyme engineering has not been reported. Here, we present a lysozyme screening system using a genetically encoded biosensor. We first cloned bacteriophage T4 lysozyme (T4L) into a plasmid under control of the araBAD promoter. The plasmid was expressed in Escherichia coli with no toxic effects on growth. Next, we observed

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PRIYADARSHINI, SUBHADRA, and VINOD K. KANSAL. "Purification, characterization, antibacterial activity and N-terminal sequencing of buffalo-milk lysozyme." Journal of Dairy Research 69, no. 3 (2002): 419–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002202990200554x.

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Lysozyme from buffalo milk was purified to homogeneity and its N-terminal amino acid sequence, biochemical properties and antibacterial spectrum were determined. The purification procedure, comprising ion-exchange chromatography using CM-cellulose and size-exclusion chromatography using Sephadex G-50, conferred 8622-fold purification and 39·3% recovery of lysozyme. The purified enzyme migrated as a single band on sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and native PAGE. Immunological purity of lysozyme preparation was confirmed by immuno-electrophoresis. Molecular

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York, Ashley. "Lysozyme protects bacteria from β-lactams". Nature Reviews Microbiology 16, № 4 (2018): 183. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nrmicro.2018.26.

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MARKART, Philipp, Nicole FAUST, Thomas GRAF, Cheng-Lun NA, Timothy E. WEAVER, and Henry T. AKINBI. "Comparison of the microbicidal and muramidase activities of mouse lysozyme M and P." Biochemical Journal 380, no. 2 (2004): 385–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj20031810.

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Lysozyme is one of the most abundant antimicrobial proteins in the airspaces of the lung. Mice express two lysozyme genes, lysozyme M and P, but only the M enzyme is detected in abundance in lung tissues. Disruption of the lysozyme M locus significantly increased bacterial burden and mortality following intratracheal infection with a Gram-negative bacterium. Unexpectedly, significant lysozyme enzyme activity (muramidase activity) was detected in the airspaces of uninfected lysozyme M−/− mice, amounting to 25% of the activity in wild-type mice. Muramidase activity in lysozyme M−/− mice was asso

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Leysen, Seppe, Joris M. Van Herreweghe, Kazunari Yoneda, et al. "The structure of the proteinaceous inhibitor PliI fromAeromonas hydrophilain complex with its target lysozyme." Acta Crystallographica Section D Biological Crystallography 71, no. 2 (2015): 344–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1399004714025863.

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Recent microbiological data have revealed that Gram-negative bacteria are able to protect themselves against the lytic action of host lysozymes by secreting proteinaceous inhibitors. Four distinct classes of such inhibitors have been discovered that specifically act against c-type, g-type and i-type lysozymes. Here, the 1.24 Å resolution crystal structure of the periplasmic i-type lysozyme inhibitor fromAeromonas hydrophila(PliI-Ah) in complex with the i-type lysozyme fromMeretrix lusoriais reported. The structure is the first to explain the inhibitory mechanism of the PliI family at the atomi

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Heesterbeek, Dani A. C., Remy M. Muts, Vincent P. van Hensbergen, et al. "Outer membrane permeabilization by the membrane attack complex sensitizes Gram-negative bacteria to antimicrobial proteins in serum and phagocytes." PLOS Pathogens 17, no. 1 (2021): e1009227. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009227.

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Infections with Gram-negative bacteria form an increasing risk for human health due to antibiotic resistance. Our immune system contains various antimicrobial proteins that can degrade the bacterial cell envelope. However, many of these proteins do not function on Gram-negative bacteria, because the impermeable outer membrane of these bacteria prevents such components from reaching their targets. Here we show that complement-dependent formation of Membrane Attack Complex (MAC) pores permeabilizes this barrier, allowing antimicrobial proteins to cross the outer membrane and exert their antimicr

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Zhang, Xinshuai, Yao Ruan, Wukang Liu, Qian Chen, Lihong Gu, and Ailing Guo. "Transcriptome Analysis of Gene Expression in Dermacoccus abyssi HZAU 226 under Lysozyme Stress." Microorganisms 8, no. 5 (2020): 707. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8050707.

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Lysozyme acts as a kind of cationic antimicrobial protein and effectively hydrolyzes bacterial peptidoglycan to have a bactericidal effect, which also plays an important role in protecting eggs from microbial contamination. Dermacoccus abyssi HZAU 226, a Gram-positive bacterium isolated from spoiled eggs, has egg white and lysozyme tolerance, but its survival mechanism is unknown, especially from a transcriptomics point of view. In this study, the high lysozyme tolerance of D. abyssi HZAU 226 was characterized by three independent experiments, and then the Illumina RNA-seq was used to compare

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Deckers, Daphne, Dietrich Vanlint, Lien Callewaert, Abram Aertsen, and Chris W. Michiels. "Role of the Lysozyme Inhibitor Ivy in Growth or Survival of Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa Bacteria in Hen Egg White and in Human Saliva and Breast Milk." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 74, no. 14 (2008): 4434–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.00589-08.

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ABSTRACT Ivy is a lysozyme inhibitor that protects Escherichia coli against lysozyme-mediated cell wall hydrolysis when the outer membrane is permeabilized by mutation or by chemical or physical stress. In the current work, we have investigated whether Ivy is necessary for the survival or growth of E. coli MG1655 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 in hen egg white and in human saliva and breast milk, which are naturally rich in lysozyme and in membrane-permeabilizing components. Wild-type E. coli was able to grow in saliva and breast milk but showed partial inactivation in egg white. The knockout

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BROWN, CYNTHIA A., BAOWU WANG, and JUN-HYUN OH. "Antimicrobial Activity of Lactoferrin against Foodborne Pathogenic Bacteria Incorporated into Edible Chitosan Film." Journal of Food Protection 71, no. 2 (2008): 319–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-71.2.319.

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The objectives of this research were to develop and characterize edible chitosan film containing lactoferrin as a natural antimicrobial agent, and to investigate the combination effects of lactoferrin with lysozyme in chitosan film against the growth of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Listeria monocytogenes. Chitosan films containing lactoferrin, lysozyme, or nisin were fabricated, and the antimicrobial concentrations were 0.5, 1, or 2 mg in a circular disc of chitosan film. Three concentrations of lactoferrin or EDTA (0.28, 0.56, or 1.12 mg per disc) were also incorporated into the chitosan film

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Ho, Theresa D., Jessica L. Hastie, Peter J. Intile та Craig D. Ellermeier. "The Bacillus subtilis Extracytoplasmic Function σ Factor σVIs Induced by Lysozyme and Provides Resistance to Lysozyme". Journal of Bacteriology 193, № 22 (2011): 6215–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.05467-11.

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Bacteria encounter numerous environmental stresses which can delay or inhibit their growth. Many bacteria utilize alternative σ factors to regulate subsets of genes required to overcome different extracellular assaults. The largest group of these alternative σ factors are the extracytoplasmic function (ECF) σ factors. In this paper, we demonstrate that the expression of the ECF σ factor σVinBacillus subtilisis induced specifically by lysozyme but not other cell wall-damaging agents. A mutation insigVresults in increased sensitivity to lysozyme killing, suggesting that σVis required for lysozym

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Rae, Chris S., Aimee Geissler, Paul C. Adamson, and Daniel A. Portnoy. "Mutations of the Listeria monocytogenes PeptidoglycanN-Deacetylase andO-Acetylase Result in Enhanced Lysozyme Sensitivity, Bacteriolysis, and Hyperinduction of Innate Immune Pathways." Infection and Immunity 79, no. 9 (2011): 3596–606. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.00077-11.

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ABSTRACTListeria monocytogenesis a Gram-positive intracellular pathogen that is naturally resistant to lysozyme. Recently, it was shown that peptidoglycan modification by N-deacetylation or O-acetylation confers resistance to lysozyme in various Gram-positive bacteria, includingL. monocytogenes.L. monocytogenespeptidoglycan is deacetylated by the action ofN-acetylglucosamine deacetylase (Pgd) and acetylated byO-acetylmuramic acid transferase (Oat). We characterized Pgd−, Oat−, and double mutants to determine the specific role ofL. monocytogenespeptidoglycan acetylation in conferring lysozyme s

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Singh, Sudha B., and Henry C. Lin. "Autophagy counters LPS-mediated suppression of lysozyme." Innate Immunity 23, no. 6 (2017): 537–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1753425917721630.

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Impaired Paneth cell expression of antimicrobial protein (AMP) lysozyme is found in patients with Crohn’s disease with the autophagy gene ATG16L1 risk allele, in mice with mutations in autophagy genes Atg16L1, Atg5 and Atg7, and in Irgm1 knockout mice. Defective autophagy is also associated with expansion of resident Gram-negative bacteria in the intestinal lumen. These findings suggest that autophagy may control extracellular resident microbes by governing expression of lysozyme. To test the hypothesis that autophagy may have a defensive role in host response to resident extracellular microbe

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AMIRI, S., R. RAMEZANI, and M. AMINLARI. "Antibacterial Activity of Dextran-Conjugated Lysozyme against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus in Cheese Curd." Journal of Food Protection 71, no. 2 (2008): 411–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-71.2.411.

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The purposes of this research were to glycosylate lysozyme with dextran under Maillard reaction conditions and assess the antimicrobial characteristics of the lysozyme-dextran conjugate in a culture medium and cheese curd. Solutions containing lysozyme and dextran were incubated at 60°C and at 79% relative humidity. Gel permeation chromatography and sodium dodecyl sulfate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis were used to follow the glycosylation process. Under optimum conditions 3.7 mol of dextran were coupled to 1 mol of lysozyme. Lytic activity of the conjugate against the cell wall of Microco

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PAYNE, K. D., S. P. OLIVER, and P. M. DAVIDSON. "Comparison of EDTA and Apo-Lactoferrin with Lysozyme on the Growth of Foodborne Pathogenic and Spoilage Bacteria." Journal of Food Protection 57, no. 1 (1994): 62–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-57.1.62.

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Combinations of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) or apo-lactoferrin (Apo-Lf) and lysozyme were evaluated for their antimicrobial effectiveness in ultra-high temperature pasteurized milk against Pseudomonas fluorescens, Salmonella typhimurium, Escherichia coli O157:H7, and Listeria monocytogenes. Neither P. fluorescens nor S. typhimurium growth was influenced by EDTA, Apo-Lf or lysozyme alone or in combinations. Escherichia coli O157:H7 was inhibited by EDTA alone, but no increase in antimicrobial effectiveness was noted in the presence of lysozyme. In contrast, EDTA and lysozyme had a si

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MASSCHALCK, BARBARA, DAPHNE DECKERS, and CHRIS W. MICHIELS. "Lytic and Nonlytic Mechanism of Inactivation of Gram-Positive Bacteria by Lysozyme under Atmospheric and High Hydrostatic Pressure." Journal of Food Protection 65, no. 12 (2002): 1916–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-65.12.1916.

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A different behavior was observed in three gram-positive bacteria exposed to hen egg white lysozyme by plate counts and phase-contrast microscopy. The inactivation of Lactobacillus johnsonii was accompanied by spheroplast formation, which is an indication of peptidoglycan hydrolysis. Staphylococcus aureus was resistant to lysozyme and showed no signs of peptidoglycan hydrolysis, and Listeria innocua was inactivated and showed indications of cell leakage but not of peptidoglycan hydrolysis. Under high hydrostatic pressure, S. aureus also became sensitive to lysozyme but did not form spheroplast

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Wang, Yanan, Shangyong Li, Mengfei Jin, et al. "Enhancing the Thermo-Stability and Anti-Bacterium Activity of Lysozyme by Immobilization on Chitosan Nanoparticles." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 5 (2020): 1635. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21051635.

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The recent emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria requires the development of new antibiotics or new agents capable of enhancing antibiotic activity. Lysozyme degrades bacterial cell wall without involving antibiotic resistance and has become a new antibacterial strategy. However, direct use of native, active proteins in clinical settings is not practical as it is fragile under various conditions. In this study, lysozyme was integrated into chitosan nanoparticles (CS-NPs) by the ionic gelation technique to obtain lysozyme immobilized chitosan nanoparticles (Lys-CS-NPs) and then characteriz

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Merches, Katja, Vishal Khairnar, Torben Knuschke, et al. "Virus-Induced Type I Interferon Deteriorates Control of Systemic Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Infection." Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry 36, no. 6 (2015): 2379–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000430200.

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Background: Type I interferon (IFN-I) predisposes to bacterial superinfections, an important problem during viral infection or treatment with interferon-alpha (IFN-α). IFN-I-induced neutropenia is one reason for the impaired bacterial control; however there is evidence that more frequent bacterial infections during IFN-α-treatment occur independently of neutropenia. Methods: We analyzed in a mouse model, whether Pseudomonas aeruginosa control is influenced by co-infection with the lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV). Bacterial titers, numbers of neutrophils and the gene-expression of liv

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Wee, Sechan, та Brian J. Wilkinson. "Insights into the cell envelope of Paracoccus denitrificans, a member of the α-subdivision of purple bacteria, through studies of its lysozyme susceptibility". Canadian Journal of Microbiology 34, № 8 (1988): 952–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/m88-168.

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Exponential-phase Paracoccus denitrificans cells grown in a complex medium are known to be lysozyme susceptible without pretreatment with outer membrane perturbing agents. Stationary-phase cells are more lysozyme resistant, but simple washing of these cells with moderate concentrations (154 mM) of monovalent inorganic cations (NaCl, KCl, or LiCl), or 100 mM Tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane-HCl (Tris–HCl) rendered them lysozyme susceptible. Subsequent washing with divalent cations reversed the enhanced lysozyme susceptibility. Cells grown in succinate–salts medium were not rendered lysozyme susc

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Hébert, Laurent, Pascal Courtin, Riccardo Torelli, et al. "Enterococcus faecalis Constitutes an Unusual Bacterial Model in Lysozyme Resistance." Infection and Immunity 75, no. 11 (2007): 5390–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.00571-07.

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ABSTRACT Lysozyme is an important and widespread compound of the host constitutive defense system, and it is assumed that Enterococcus faecalis is one of the few bacteria that are almost completely lysozyme resistant. On the basis of the sequence analysis of the whole genome of E. faecalis V583 strain, we identified two genes that are potentially involved in lysozyme resistance, EF_0783 and EF_1843. Protein products of these two genes share significant homology with Staphylococcus aureus peptidoglycan O-acetyltransferase (OatA) and Streptococcus pneumoniae N-acetylglucosamine deacetylase (PgdA

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Heuer, Holger, Reiner M. Kroppenstedt, Jana Lottmann, Gabriele Berg, and Kornelia Smalla. "Effects of T4 Lysozyme Release from Transgenic Potato Roots on Bacterial Rhizosphere Communities Are Negligible Relative to Natural Factors." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 68, no. 3 (2002): 1325–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.68.3.1325-1335.2002.

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ABSTRACT Rhizosphere bacterial communities of two transgenic potato lines which produce T4 lysozyme for protection against bacterial infections were analyzed in comparison to communities of wild-type plants and transgenic controls not harboring the lysozyme gene. Rhizosphere samples were taken from young, flowering, and senescent plants at two field sites in three consecutive years. The communities were characterized in a polyphasic approach. Cultivation-dependent methods included heterotrophic plate counts, determination of species composition and diversity based on fatty acid analysis of iso

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Callewaert, Lien, Abram Aertsen, Daphne Deckers, et al. "A New Family of Lysozyme Inhibitors Contributing to Lysozyme Tolerance in Gram-Negative Bacteria." PLoS Pathogens 4, no. 3 (2008): e1000019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1000019.

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Eschenlauer, S. C. P., N. R. McEwan, R. Onodera, R. J. Wallace, and C. J. Newbold. "Cloning and properties of a lysozyme from the rumen ciliate protozoan, Entodinium caudatum." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science 2000 (2000): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1752756200000569.

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The breakdown of bacterial protein in the rumen leads to a nutritionally wasteful cycle of protein breakdown and re-synthesis, decreasing the flow of microbial protein from the rumen to the small intestine (Williams and Coleman, 1992). Engulfment and subsequent digestion by ciliate protozoa was demonstrated to be the most important cause of bacterial lysis in mixed ruminal micro-organisms incubated in vitro (Wallace and McPherson, 1987). Despite their importance, little is known about the enzymes responsible for the digestion of bacteria in rumen ciliates. The objective of this study was to cl

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CARNEIRO DE MELO, ALEXANDRA M. S., CLAIRE A. CASSAR, and ROGER J. MILES. "Trisodium Phosphate Increases Sensitivity of Gram-Negative Bacteria to Lysozyme and Nisin." Journal of Food Protection 61, no. 7 (1998): 839–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-61.7.839.

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Cell suspensions of Campylobacter jejuni, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas fluorescens, and Salmonella enteritidis exposed to sublethal concentrations (0.5 to 5 mM) of trisodium phosphate (TSP) for 10 min showed greatly increased susceptibility to lysozyme (10 μg ml−1) and/or nisin (1 μM). Under optimal conditions at 37°C, reductions in viable count after 30 min were up to six log cycles. At 4°C, C. jejuni showed greater resistance than at 37°C, and maximal cell kills (95%) were reduced by more than two log cycles. Cells dried on the surface of chicken skin were more resistant than suspended cell

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Gilmutdinov, Rustam Y., Gennady N. Spiridonov, Guzel G. Shalamova, and Ekaterina S. Pokrovskaya. "Biotic and abiotic factors of bactericidal properties variability of ruminant saliva." BIO Web of Conferences 27 (2020): 00051. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20202700051.

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The microflora of the oral cavity of domestic ruminants, presented by transitive gram-negative species of bacteria (cocci and sticks) in cows, transient and obligate gram-positive (usually cocci) bacteria in sheep was studied. The lowest contamination of the sheep mouth mucosa was observed in autumn, and the largest in summer. Seasonal features of bactericidal activity of saliva and its main components (lysozyme, properdin and complement system) are shown. Differences of the above indicators in cows and sheep are considered. Low activity is typical for saliva complement system in ruminants in

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Pollock, J. J., S. Lotardo, R. Gavai, and B. L. Grossbard. "Lysozyme-Protease-Inorganic Monovalent Anion Lysis of Oral Bacterial Strains in Buffers and Stimulated Whole Saliva." Journal of Dental Research 66, no. 2 (1987): 467–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00220345870660021401.

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Similar to Streptococcus mutans, buffer suspensions of Lactobacillus casei, Lactobacillus plantarum, and Fusobacterium nucleatum all undergo cell lysis when treated with the lysozyme-protease-inorganic monovalent anion antibacterial system. For Lactobacillus species treated with lysozyme and proteases at pHs of 4 and 5.3, lysis resulted when a lytic activating concentration of bicarbonate anion followed enzyme treatment. Furthermore, synergistic lysis of these bacteria was noted when lysozyme-protease treatment was followed by bicarbonate anion used in combination with chloride or fluoride ani

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Woods, C. M., V. S. Lee, D. J. Hussey, et al. "Lysozyme expression is increased in the sinus mucosa of patients with chronic rhinosinusitis." Rhinology journal 50, no. 2 (2012): 147–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4193/rhino11.229.

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Background: The presence of fungi and bacteria in the paranasal sinuses may contribute to ongoing inflammation. Lysozyme is an innate immune peptide with bactericidal and fungicidal activity. The expression of lysozyme in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is poorly understood and deficiencies in lysozyme expression may contribute to the ongoing inflammation in CRS patients. Objective: Determine lysozyme expression in sinus mucosa of normal and CRS patients with (CRSwNP) and without (CRSsNP) nasal polyps. Methodology: Sinus mucosa specimens (n = 82) were processed for standard histology, immunohisto

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Maisetta, Giuseppantonio, Giovanna Batoni, Semih Esin та ін. "Activity of Human β-Defensin 3 Alone or Combined with Other Antimicrobial Agents against Oral Bacteria". Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 47, № 10 (2003): 3349–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.47.10.3349-3351.2003.

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ABSTRACT The in vitro activities of human β-defensin 3 (hBD-3) alone or combined with lysozyme, metronidazole, amoxicillin, and chlorhexidine were investigated with the oral bacteria Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sanguinis, Streptococcus sobrinus, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, and Porphyromonas gingivalis. hBD-3 showed bactericidal activity against all of the bacterial species tested. The bactericidal effect was enhanced when the peptide was used in combination with the antimicrobial agents mentioned above.

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Ellison, R. T., and T. J. Giehl. "Killing of gram-negative bacteria by lactoferrin and lysozyme." Journal of Clinical Investigation 88, no. 4 (1991): 1080–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1172/jci115407.

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Bernard, Elvis, Thomas Rolain, Pascal Courtin, et al. "Characterization of O-Acetylation of N-Acetylglucosamine." Journal of Biological Chemistry 286, no. 27 (2011): 23950–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.m111.241414.

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Peptidoglycan (PG) N-acetyl muramic acid (MurNAc) O-acetylation is widely spread in Gram-positive bacteria and is generally associated with resistance against lysozyme and endogenous autolysins. We report here the presence of O-acetylation on N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) in Lactobacillus plantarum PG. This modification of glycan strands was never described in bacteria. Fine structural characterization of acetylated muropeptides released from L. plantarum PG demonstrated that both MurNAc and GlcNAc are O-acetylated in this species. These two PG post-modifications rely on two dedicated O-acetylt

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Ptaszyńska, Aneta A., Grzegorz Borsuk, Wiesław Mułenko, and Joanna Wilk. "Impact of vertebrate probiotics on honeybee yeast microbiota and on the course of nosemosis." Medycyna Weterynaryjna 72, no. 7 (2016): 430–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.21521/mw.5534.

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The natural intestine microbiota of honeybees is dominated by Gram-negative bacteria from such families as: Enterobacteriaceae, Alcaligenaceae and Pseudomonadaceae, less numerous are Gram-positive bacteria, yeasts and other fungi. Our research was focused on the impact of commercial vertebrae probiotics, on honeybees’ intestine yeast number, hemolymph lysozyme activity and nosemosis development. The diet of honeybees was supplemented with two vertebrate probiotics recommended in beekeeping management. The former consisted of Lactobacillus casei, L. plantarum, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and Rhod

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Ataa, Asaad M. A. "USE OF ENZYME LYSOZYME AND ANTI BACTERIAL ALLICIN FOR FOOD PRESERVATION AND THE PREVENTION OF DAMAGE." World Journal of Biology and Biotechnology 2, no. 3 (2017): 169. http://dx.doi.org/10.33865/wjb.002.03.0107.

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This study aims to identify the effectiveness of enzyme Lysozyme, which is extracted from the egg’s albumin and The Allicin antibiotic which is extracted from the garlic. It also studies their effects on some bacteria which have been obtained pure and others have been isolated in the extracts of Lysozyme and Allicin. Then we face the foods which are contaminated with such species of these bacteria and their dangers on the public health. The study was conducted in two phases, the first of which included knowing the effectiveness of extracts and their effects on some sorts of bacteria which were

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CEGIELSKA-RADZIEJEWSKA, RENATA, and TOMASZ SZABLEWSKI. "Effect of Modified Lysozyme on the Microflora and Sensory Attributes of Ground Pork." Journal of Food Protection 76, no. 2 (2013): 338–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-12-075.

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The effects of lysozyme monomer and thermochemically modified lysozyme on the microflora and sensory attributes of heated and unheated ground pork were investigated in this study. The dimer and trimer fractions of the modified lysozyme were 36.1 and 33.5%, respectively. The modified lysozyme exhibited higher hydrophobicity (40,600 U/mg of protein) and lower enzymatic activity (1,020 U/mg of protein) than the hydrophobicity (890 U/mg of protein) and activity (17,950 U/mg of protein) of the lysozyme monomer. Portions of ground pork (150 g) without lysozyme or supplemented with 5 mg/g lysozyme or

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Brott, Ashley S., and Anthony J. Clarke. "Peptidoglycan O-Acetylation as a Virulence Factor: Its Effect on Lysozyme in the Innate Immune System." Antibiotics 8, no. 3 (2019): 94. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics8030094.

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The peptidoglycan sacculus of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria acts as a protective mesh and provides structural support around the entirety of the cell. The integrity of this structure is of utmost importance for cell viability and so naturally is the first target for attack by the host immune system during bacterial infection. Lysozyme, a muramidase and the first line of defense of the innate immune system, targets the peptidoglycan sacculus hydrolyzing the β-(1→4) linkage between repeating glycan units, causing lysis and the death of the invading bacterium. The O-acetylation of

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