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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'M.A.C.H. 3'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 16 February 2022

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1

Coleman, Cal. "M Y T H I C." Digital Commons at Loyola Marymount University and Loyola Law School, 2021. https://digitalcommons.lmu.edu/etd/990.

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Mythic is an animated family series that will collide the worlds of the beloved Disney style musical feature, with everyday children’s programming. Based on 8 public domain works by Hans Christian Andersen, the series will follow Princess Viv, Farmhand Penelope, Pit-Pocket Leina, and a hopelessly romantic Prince Agner, as they travel through magical kingdoms in hopes of retrieving 8 mythical relics. Together, the four will learn about the meaning of love, the danger of greed, and the joy of being selfless as they fight to keep Leina from becoming a true villain.
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2

Roosz, Cédric. "Propriétés thermodynamiques des phases cimentaires hydratées : C-S-H, C-A-S-H et M-S-H." Thesis, Poitiers, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016POIT2264/document.

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Le béton est l'un des matériaux de construction les plus utilisés au monde. Sa durabilité, ses propriétés mécaniques et chimiques en ont fait un matériau de choix dans les concepts de stockage proposés par l'Agence Nationale pour la gestion des Déchets RadioActifs (Andra), notamment pour la réalisation des ouvrages de soutènement, bouchons d'alvéoles, massifs d'appuis ou encore conditionnement des déchets. L'étude de la stabilité des phases constitutives des matériaux cimentaires est donc nécessaire au vu des quantités envisagées et de la pérennité des ouvrages, et doit considérer (i) des gammes de températures adaptées aux matrices cimentaires de confinement en contact avec des déchets exothermiques (25 à 80°C), et (ii) une échelle de temps représentative de la durée de vie d'un stockage.Le projet ThermoChimie de l'Andra vise donc à développer une base de données (BDD) thermodynamiques cohérente, permettant de modéliser l'évolution chimique des matériaux cimentaires dans l'environnement du stockage de déchets radioactifs. Toutefois, dans l'état actuel, la base de données ne propose que des données thermodynamiques sur les phases cimentaires bien cristallisées, ainsi que sur un jeu de données limité à trois compositions chimiques différentes pour les C-S-H nanocristallins, ne permettant pas de reproduire la dégradation des matériaux cimentaires, ni de modéliser la dégradation des nouvelles formulations telles que les bétons "bas-pH".L'objectif est donc d'acquérir un jeu de données thermodynamiques complémentaire, sur les phases telles que les C-S-H (Silicates de Calcium Hydratés), C-A-S-H (Silicates de Calcium Alumineux Hydratés) et M-S-H (Silicates de Magnésium Hydratés), pour les intégrer à la base de données Thermo-Chimie. Cette étude s'appuie sur un travail expérimental, analytique et numérique dans le but d'obtenir un jeu de données thermodynamiques (ΔfG0, ΔfH0, Cp(T), S0) suffisamment représentatif de la variabilité chimiques de ce type de phases. Enfin, cet ensemble de donnée permet le développement d'un modèle de prédiction de données thermodynamiques dans des espaces de compositions et de températures étendues.Le développement de ce modèle de prédiction requiert (i) l'acquisition de propriétés thermodynamiques sur des phases représentatives du système chimique étudié, et (ii) une connaissance précise de la structure et des formules chimiques de ces phases. Trois types d'hydrates ont donc été synthétisés puis caractérisés : les C-S-H, les C-A-S-H et les M-S-H. Des méthodes analytiques telles que la DRX, l’ATG et la RMN du solide (29Si, 27Al) permettent d'établir des similitudes entre la structure des C-(A-)S-H et celle de la tobermorite d'une part, et entre la structure des M-S-H et celle des phyllosilicates Mg-Si 2:1 d'autre part. Les hydrates présentent toutefois une nanocristallinité ainsi que des défauts tant au niveau de la polymérisation du silicium tétraédrique qu'au niveau de l'empilement de leurs feuillets.Une approche multi-techniques est également utilisée, couplant isothermes d'adsorption (eau et azote) et RMN 1H aux résultats de DRX et ATG, pour discriminer les différents types d'eau plus ou moins liés à la structure des C-(A-)S-H. Cette étude a permis de mettre en évidence et de quantifier les différents types d'eau composant la structure des C-(A-)S-H. L'impact des méthodes de préparation a également été mis en évidence sur la quantification des différents types d'eau et notamment l'eau interfoliaire. L'acquisition des paramètres thermodynamiques sur les phases synthétisées est réalisée à partir de l'analyse des solutions d'équilibre pour le calcul des log K et ΔfG0, alors que des acquisitions calorimétriques permettent l'obtention des capacités calorifiques ainsi que le calcul de S0. Enfin, l'enthalpie de formation de ces phases est calculée à partir des enthalpies libres et des entropies. Le modèle de prédiction des données thermodynamiques est développé sur la base des propriétés acquises
Concrete is one of the most widely used building materials in the world. Durability, mechanical and chemical properties have made it a material of choice in storage concepts proposed by the French National Agency for Radioactive Waste Management (Andra), including the achievement of retaining structures, cell plugs, massive supports or conditioning waste. The study of the stability of the constituent phases of cementitious materials is needed in view of the planned quantities and the durability of the structures, andmust consider (i) temperature ranges suitable for cement matrices containment in contact with exothermic waste (25-80°C), and (ii) a representative time scale of the lifetime of the storage.The Andra ThermoChimie project therefore aims to develop a consistent thermodynamic database, to model the chemical evolution of cement materials in the environment of radioactive waste. However, in the present state, the database offers only thermodynamic data of cementitious crystalline phases, as well as a limited data set of three different chemical compositions for nanocrystalline C-S-H. This does not allow to reproduce the degradation of cementitious materials, or model the degradation of the new formulations, such as "Low pH" concretes.The objective is therefore to acquire a thermodynamic complementary data set on phases such as C-S-H (Calcium Silicate Hydrates) C-A-S-H (Calcium Aluminate Silicate Hydrates) and M-S-H (Magnesium Silicate Hydrates), to complete the ThermoChimie database. This study is based on experimental, analytical and digital work, in order to obtain a set of thermodynamic data (ΔfG0, ΔfH0, Cp(T), S0) sufficiently representative of the chemical variability of these phases. Finally, this set of data allows the development of a thermodynamic predictive model in extended spaces of compositions and temperatures.Development of this predictive model requires (i) The acquisition of thermodynamic properties on representative phases of the studied chemical system, and (ii) a precise knowledge of the structure and chemical formulas of these phases. Three types of hydrates were therefore synthesized and characterized: C-S-H, C-A-S-H and M-S-H. Analytical methods such as XRD, TGA and solid state NMR (29Si, 27Al) are used to ascertain similarities between the structure of C-(A-)S-H and that of tobermorite, and between the structure of M-S-H and that of Mg-Si phyllosilicates 2:1. Hydrates, however, have a lower crystallinity, with defects in the polymerization of silica chains, and random stacking faults (turbostratism).A multi-technique approach is also used, combining adsorption isotherm (water and nitrogen) and 1HNMR with XRDand TGA, and allows characterization of different types of water more or less bound to the structure of C-(A-)S-H.This study allowed to highlight and quantify the different types of water in the C-(A-)S-H structure. The impact of the drying process was also highlighted on the quantification of different types of water, including interlayer water. The acquisition of thermodynamic parameters of the synthesized phases is carried out from the analysis of equilibrium solutions for the calculation of log K and ΔfG0, while calorimetric acquisitions permit obtaining heat capacities and the calculation of S0. Finally, enthalpy of formation of these phases is calculated from the Gibbs free energy of formation and entropies.The predictive model is developed fromthe acquired thermodynamic properties.The Gibbs free energy of formation ΔfG0 is predicted from an electronegativity model, while Cp and S0 are predicted through polyhedral decomposition model. Finally, a comparison of data obtained with those published in the literature, and the realization of predominance diagrams generalized to the whole CaO-MgO-Al2O3-SiO2-H2O system assess the reliability of the proposed model
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Santin, Mauro. "Plasmaproteinbindung der mGluR₅-Liganden [³H]-M-MPEP und [¹¹C]-M-FPEP." Zürich : ETH, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich, Dept. Angewandte Biowissenschaften, Institut für Pharmazeutische Wissenschaften, 2002. http://e-collection.ethbib.ethz.ch/show?type=dipl&nr=72.

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4

Liu, Weiping. "Ruthenium- and Manganese-Catalyzed C−O and C−C Formation via C−H Activation." Doctoral thesis, Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-1735-0000-0028-8771-3.

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5

Klugsberger, Theresia. "Verfahren im Text : Meerjungfrauen in literarischen Versionen und mythischen Konstruktionen von H. C. Andersen, H. C. Artmann, K. Bayer, C. M. Wieland, O. Wilde /." Stuttgart : H.-D. Heinz Akademischer Verl, 1989. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb35535726c.

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6

Wombacher, Franz Johann. "Schwache C-H...M-Wechselwirkungen : synthetische und NMR-spektroskopische Untersuchungen zur Cycloplatinierung /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 1991. http://e-collection.ethbib.ethz.ch/show?type=diss&nr=9431.

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7

GILLIOT, CHARLES. "Induction de l'ovulation par h. M. G. -h. C. G. : etude retrospective a partir de 42 cas." Angers, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988ANGE1006.

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8

GALICHET, ERIC. "Urgences ophtamologiques au c. H. U. De reims : evaluation sur 3 mois." Reims, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988REIMM003.

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9

Boursalian, Gregory Bagrad. "Reactivity and Selectivity in Aryl C–H Functionalization by Electrophilic Radicals." Thesis, Harvard University, 2016. http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:33493437.

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Two main challenges hinder the development of new, broadly useful C–H functionalization reactions: (1) most C–H bonds constitute part of the relatively inert backbone of an organic molecule, so it is difficult to elicit sufficient reactivity from these bonds, and (2) C–H bonds are ubiquitous in organic molecules, so it is difficult to control the selectivity of which C–H bond is functionalized. The subject of this thesis is the functionalization of C–H bonds in aromatic molecules. In addition to the relevant background, herein are described two new reactions which address the challenges of reactivity and selectivity in C–H functionalization described above. In Chapter 1 is described a new reaction in which an amine-N-oxide-ligated palladium complex, in conjunction with a silver cocatalyst, catalyzes imidation of arenes by the reagent N-fluorobenzenesulfonimide. The reaction enables imidation of a variety of arenes at or below room temperature, requires no coordinating directing group on the substrate, and gives synthetically useful yields with the arene as the limiting reagent. Mechanistic data is presented which implicates an unusual mechanism devoid of commonly invoked organometallic intermediates: oxidation of the palladium catalyst occurs as the turnover-limiting step, while C–H bond functionalization occurs subsequently at a higher oxidation state of the catalyst. The unusual imidation reactivity is ascribed to unique features of the amine-N-oxide ligand, which are also discussed. Described in Chapter 2 is a new radical aromatic substitution reaction with nearly complete para selectivity for a variety of monosubstituted arenes. We present a rationale for the unprecedented degree of positional selectivity exhibited by the reaction: we propose that arene-to-radical charge transfer in the transition state of radical addition, elicited by the unusually high electron affinity of the radical, is the factor primarily responsible for the positional selectivity. The utility of the reaction is illustrated by a direct synthesis of aryl piperazines, a common motif in medicinal chemistry.
Chemistry and Chemical Biology
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10

Holthausen, Michael H., Tayseer Mahdi, Christoph Schlepphorst, Lindsay J. Hounjet, Jan J. Weigand, and Douglas W. Stephan. "Frustrated Lewis pair-mediated C–O or C–H bond activation of ethers." Royal Society of Chemistry, 2014. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A35977.

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Protocols for the FLP-mediated transformation of ethers are presented. Distinct reaction pathways involving either C–O or C–H bond activation occur depending on the application of oxophilic B(C6F5)3 or hydridophilic tritylium ions as the Lewis acid.
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11

Mégret, Claire. "Détermination par des calculs DFT de la relation entre énergies de liaison H-C et M-C : Vers une évaluation du contrôle thermodynamique de la sélectivité d'activation C-H." Montpellier 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004MON20061.

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12

Stewart, Angela. "The deposition of gaseous C-14, S-35 and H-3 to fruit crops." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.401893.

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13

Baker, David Alan. "Mutational analysis of the proto-oncogenes c-fms and c-kit." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.362390.

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14

Esswein, Arthur J. "Late transition metal bimetallics for photocatalytic hydrogen production, M-X and C-H bond activation." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/40970.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Chemistry, 2007.
Vita.
Includes bibliographical references.
Broadly defined this thesis has focused on the design and study of molecular catalysts that engender multi-electron reactions and photoreactions on small molecule substrates relevant to solar energy conversion. Specifically the molecular design elements employed have focused on bimetallic complexes of late transition metals that exhibit an unusual two-electron mixed valence ground state. Initial studies focused on the mechanistic elucidation of the reported photocatalytic production of hydrogen from homogeneous hydrohalic acid solution using a two-electron mixed valence dirhodium complex. Studies aimed at understanding and improving the photochemical quantum efficiency for challenging M-X (X = CI, Br-) bond photoactivations were undertaken by incorporating gold into a heterobimetallic rhodium-gold construct. Additionally the organometallic reactivity of two-electron mixed valence diiridium cores was explored with a specific emphasis on C-H bond activations in order to extend the cooperative bimetallic reactivity observed in the dirhodium systems beyond HX and H2 substrates to alkanes and arenes.
by Arthur J. Esswein.
Ph.D.
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15

Zeman, Kryštof. "Implementace komunikačního protokolu Wireless M-BUS v simulačním prostředí NS-3." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-220408.

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The theoretical part of the thesis focuses on history and development of M2M com- munication, Wireless M-Bus protocol and NS-3 Network Simulator. It briefly describes characteristics of M2M communication, Wireless M-Bus and NS3 simulator. Physical and link layer of Wireless M-bus protocol are described in great detail to provide basics needed for understanding and orientation in the topic. Practical part of the thesis is focused on structure of used Simple Wireless module and basic simulation scenerio is built. The scenerio demostrates basic functions of the module.
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Pahls, Dale R. "Pathways for C—H Activation and Functionalization by Group 9 Metals." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2015. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc801909/.

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As fossil fuel resources become more and more scarce, attention has been turned to alternative sources of fuels and energy. One promising prospect is the conversion of methane (natural gas) to methanol, which requires an initial activation of a C-H bond and subsequent formation of a C-O bond. The most well studied methodologies for both C-H activation and C-O bond formation involve oxidation of the metal center. Metal complexes with facile access to oxidation states separated by four charge units, required for two subsequent oxidations, are rare. Non-oxidative methods to perform C-H bond activation or C-O bond formation must be pursued in order for methane to methanol to become a viable strategy. In this dissertation studies on redox and non-redox methods for both C-H activation and C-O bond formation are discussed. In the early chapters C-O bond formation in the form of reductive functionalization is modeled. Polypyridine ligated rhodium complexes were studied computationally to determine the properties that would promote reductive functionalization. These principles were then tested by designing an experimental complex that could form C-O bonds. This complex was then shown to also work in acidic media, a critical aspect for product stabilization. In the later chapters, non-oxidative C-H activation is discussed with Ir complexes. Both sigma bond metathesis and concerted metalation deprotonation were investigated. For the former, the mechanism for an experimentally known complex was elucidated and for the latter the controlling factors for a proposed catalyst were explored.
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Li, Jie. "Ruthenium(II)-Catalyzed Direct C−H meta-Alkylations, Alkenylations and Alkyne Annulations." Doctoral thesis, Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-1735-0000-0022-6072-3.

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18

Klenk, Jan M. [Verfasser], and Bernhard [Akademischer Betreuer] Hauer. "Identifikation und Charakterisierung neuer Biokatalysatoren für die C-H-Oxyfunktionalisierung / Jan M. Klenk ; Betreuer: Bernhard Hauer." Stuttgart : Universitätsbibliothek der Universität Stuttgart, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1178424766/34.

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Klenk, Jan Michael [Verfasser], and Bernhard [Akademischer Betreuer] Hauer. "Identifikation und Charakterisierung neuer Biokatalysatoren für die C-H-Oxyfunktionalisierung / Jan M. Klenk ; Betreuer: Bernhard Hauer." Stuttgart : Universitätsbibliothek der Universität Stuttgart, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1178424766/34.

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20

Dearman, Brian. "Synthesis and characterization of [(C₅R₅)M(CO)₂(L₂)+:R=H, Me, and Ph; M=Cr and Mo; L₂=dmpe and dppe." Huntington, WV : [Marshall University Libraries], 2002. http://www.marshall.edu/etd/descript.asp?ref=125.

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21

Ebe, Yusuke. "Iridium-Catalyzed Carbon-Carbon Bond Formation Reactions via C-H Bond Activation." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/225417.

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Dürr, Nadine [Verfasser], H. [Akademischer Betreuer] Vogel, C. [Akademischer Betreuer] Hess, M. [Akademischer Betreuer] Reggelin, and M. [Akademischer Betreuer] Biesalski. "Partialoxidation von Methacrolein zu Methacrylsäure an Heteropolysäurekatalysatoren - Untersuchungen zur Wasser- und Sauerstoffdynamik - / Nadine Dürr. Betreuer: H. Vogel ; C. Hess ; M. Reggelin ; M. Biesalski." Darmstadt : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Darmstadt, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1110979835/34.

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Bertini, Olga [Verfasser]. "Study of 3 Lambda H and 4 Lambda H in the reaction of 6 Li + 12 C at 2 A GeV / Olga Bertini." Mainz : Universitätsbibliothek der Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1225485169/34.

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Kolb, Nicolai [Verfasser], and M. A. R. [Akademischer Betreuer] Meier. "Monomers from Renewable Resources: C-H Functionalization of Saturated Fatty Acids / Nicolai Kolb. Betreuer: M. A. R. Meier." Karlsruhe : KIT-Bibliothek, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1043756248/34.

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O'Malley, Matthew J. "Li+/H+ Ion-exchanged Li2MO3 (M = Ir, Pt) and Carbonate Melt Oxidized IrOx pH Sensors." The Ohio State University, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1221839212.

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Ayna, Adnan. "Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and fructose-1, 6-bisphosphatase of the enteric pathogens C. jejuni and H. pylori." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/37425.

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Campylobacter jejuni and Helicobacter pylori are pathogens which cause gastrointestinal diseases and are therefore of significant importance. However, their metabolism and physiology is relatively poorly understood. It had been noted that the genome of these pathogens lack open reading frames for some glycolytic enzymes. Notably, both pathogens lack the gene encoding phosphofructokinase (6-PFK) and thus regulation of the complementary gluconeogenic enzyme fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase (FBPase) might be different to that in the majority of organisms which retain 6-PFK. In order to further understand the metabolism of C. jejuni and H. pylori, the structure and function of FBPase and the key gluconeogenic/glycolytic enzyme glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) was investigated. Specifically, the regulation of FBPase in both pathogens was investigated using kinetic and biophysical techniques. The results suggested that the enzymes are insensitive to AMP inhibition, unlike mammalian and E. coli FBPases. The FBPases were also insensitive to the other compounds of glycolytic and gluconeogenic pathways. The essentiality of fbp in C. jejuni was also tested and confirmed with gene complementation methodology. The essentiality and difference in regulation of these enzymes suggests they have potential as drug targets. The crystal structures of C. jejuni GAPDH (cjGAPDH) with bound NAD+ and NADP+ showed dual coenzyme specificity, revealing similarities with plant GAPDHs and suggesting a gluconeogenic role. The mechanism of inhibition of cjGAPDH was investigated further through covalent modification of the active site cysteine by iodoacetamide, this blocked NAD(P)+ binding. A competitive inhibitor-bound structure of cjGAPDH, in which the coenzyme was replaced by ADP, was also solved. Comparison of the crystal structures of cjGAPDH-ADP and cjGAPDH-NAD(P)+ complexes highlighted specific conformational changes linked to interactions with the ribose 2’-phosphate. The interactions of this 2’-phosphate might also be utilised to inform the design of lead compounds for inhibitory drug development.
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Buys, Christa. "The role of the ESX-3 gene cluster and iron on mycobacterial viability / C. Buys." Thesis, North-West University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/9498.

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According to the World Health Organization (WHO), M. tuberculosis, the causative agent of TB, accounts for approximately 1.7 million deaths annually. Further contributing causes to the worldwide TB incidence, is the widespread unavailability and ineffectiveness of TB vaccines, time consuming diagnostic methods and unsuccessful treatment approaches. Research for better characterising mycobacteria in general, or other Mycobacterium species, may help us to better understand M. tuberculosis and TB disease mechanisms, which will in turn lower the future TB disease prevalence, as this may lead to the development of better treatments, diagnostics and vaccines. Mycobacteria use various secretion pathways, including the ESX- or type VII secretion (T7S) system, to ensure transport across the complex cell wall. The genome of M. tuberculosis has five copies of a gene cluster known as the ESX gene cluster region, which is associated with virulence and viability of mycobacteria. The ESX-3 gene cluster is thought to be essential for growth of M. tuberculosis and proposed to be involved in iron / zinc homeostasis. Mycobacteria synthesise siderophores, which are proposed to be involved in the uptake of iron over their cell wall. M. tuberculosis are known to produce two types of siderophores, namely: carboxymycobactins and mycobactins. Loots and colleagues, however illustrated, that ESX-3 knockouts, show signs of iron overload, despite the absence of the mycobactins induced by knocking out the ESX-3 gene cluster. It was hypothesised, that this overload occurs due to an increase in exochelin synthesis, another iron uptake protein not associated with ESX-3, overcompensating for the perceived iron depletion in the knockout organism. A Metabolomics research approach was subsequently used in this study, to generate new information in order to better characterise the role of iron on the metabolism of these organisms, and additionally confirm the role of ESX-3 in iron uptake. In this study, we firstly determined the most optimal extraction conditions for this metabolomics investigation. Two extraction methods were subsequently investigated and compared, considering their repeatability and their respective capacities to extract those compounds which best differentiate the M. smegmatis ESX-3 knockouts and wild-type parent strains. Considering the results generated, the total metabolome method was chosen for further analyses, for the following reasons: 1) it is simpler, 2) faster, 3) showed better repeatability, 4) extracts those compounds best differentiating the compared groups and 5) has been previously described for metabolomics analyses characterising ESX-3 gene functionality, hence potentially allowing us to compare results to that previously generated and published data. Subsequently, we used the chosen extraction method, followed by GCxGC-TOFMS analysis of the separately cultured M. smegmatis wild-type sample extracts, cultured in normal, low and high iron conditions, to determine the influence of varying iron concentrations on the metabolome of this organism, by metabolomics comparisons of these groups. Following this, an identical research approach was used to compare the metabolome of a M. smegmatis ESX-3 knock-out strain, to that of a M. smegmatis wild type parent strain, both cultured in normal / standardised iron concentrations. Considering the results generated when comparing the metabolome of a M. smegmatis ESX-3 knock-out strain to that of a M. smegmatis wild type parent strain, the altered metabolome of the M. smegmatis ESX-3 knockouts correlated well to that of the M. smegmatis wild type cultured in elevated iron growth conditions. This suggests ESX-3 is involved in iron uptake, and that knocking out the ESX-3 gene cluster of M. smegmatis does in fact result in a metabolome profile suggesting iron overload, as was proposed by Loots et al (2012), most probably due the exochelins overcompensating for the absence of mycobactins, in M. smegmatis ESX-3 knockouts.
MSc (Biochemistry) North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus 2013.
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28

Ishibashi, Aoi. "Synthesis and Transformation of Organoboronic Acids Using Boron-Modifying Strategy for Catalytic C-H Functionalization." Kyoto University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/225960.

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29

Weber, Philip M. [Verfasser], Lukas J. [Gutachter] Gooßen, Gerald [Gutachter] Dyker, and Viktoria H. [Gutachter] Däschlein-Gessner. "Katalysatoren und Liganden zur Entwicklung von C-C- und C-Heteroatom-Bindungsknüpfungen / Philip M. Weber ; Gutachter: Lukas J. Gooßen, Gerald Dyker, Viktoria H. Däschlein-Gessner ; Fakultät für Chemie und Biochemie." Bochum : Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 2019. http://d-nb.info/120156073X/34.

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30

Ho, Danny Ka Hei. "Palladium(II)-catalysed sp 3 C–H functionalisation of hindered amines and its application in synthesis of astemizole analogues." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2016. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/267480.

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The development of a palladium-catalysed C–H carbonylation of hindered secondary amines is described. Central to this strategy is the temporary conversion of simple ketones into hindered secondary amines that facilitates a sterically promoted palladium-catalysed C–H activation. A range of functional groups are shown to be compatible with this catalytic process, and with exclusive regioselectivity for the terminal ethyl sp 3 C–H in most cases. This method allows an overall incorporation of a carboxyl group to the b-position of terminal ketones, generating 1,4- dicarbonyl moieties which are important synthetic building blocks. The sterically promoted C–H functionalisation strategy has been employed as the key step in the synthesis of a functionalised analogue of astemizole, a pharmaceutical agent which suffers from undesired hERG activity. The increased steric bulk around the tertiary amine, coupled with introduction of a polar hydroxyl group via the C–H acetoxylation reaction, is proposed to reduce binding to the hERG channel. The hERG profile of this analogue is not yet established.
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31

Celik, Haydar. "Enzyme-catalyzed Reductive Activation Of Anticancer Drugs Idarubicin And Mitomycin C." Phd thesis, METU, 2008. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12609247/index.pdf.

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Idarubicin (IDA) and mitomycin C (MC) are clinically effective quinone-containing anticancer agents used in the treatment of several human cancers. Quinone-containing anticancer drugs have the potential to undergo bioreduction by oxidoreductases to reactive species, and thereby exert their cytotoxic effects. In the present study, we investigated, for the first time, the potential of IDA, in comparison to MC, to undergo reductive activation by NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase (P450R), NADH-cytochrome b5 reductase (b5R) and P450R-cytochrome P4502B4 (CYP2B4) system by performing both in vitro plasmid DNA damage experiments and enzyme assays. In addition, we examined the potential protective effects of some antioxidants against DNA-damaging effects of IDA and MC resulting from their reductive activation. To achieve these goals, we obtained P450R from sheep lung, beef liver and PB-treated rabbit liver microsomes, b5R from beef liver microsomes and CYP2B4 from PB-treated rabbit liver microsomes in highly purified forms. The plasmid DNA damage experiments demonstrated that P450R is capable of effectively reducing IDA to DNA-damaging species. The effective protections provided by antioxidant enzymes, SOD and catalase, as well as scavengers of hydroxyl radical, DMSO and thiourea, revealed that the mechanism of DNA damage by IDA involves the generation of ROS by redox cycling of IDA with P450R under aerobic conditions. The extent of DNA damages by both IDA and MC were found to increase with increasing concentrations of the drug or the enzyme as well as with increasing incubation time. IDA was found to have a greater ability to induce DNA damage at high drug concentrations than MC. The plasmid DNA experiments using b5R, on the other hand, showed that, unlike P450R, b5R was not able to reduce IDA to DNA-damaging reactive species. It was also found that in the presence of b5R and cofactor NADH, MC barely induced DNA strand breaks. All the purified P450Rs reduced IDA at about two-fold higher rate than that of MC as shown by the measurement of drug-induced cofactor consumption. This indicates that IDA may be a more potent cytotoxic drug than MC in terms of the generation of reactive metabolites. The results obtained from enzyme assays confirmed the finding obtained from plasmid DNA experiments that while MC is a very poor substrate for b5R, IDA is not a suitable substrate for this enzyme unlike P450R. The reconstitution experiments carried out under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions using various amounts of CYP2B4, P450R and lipid DLPC revealed that reconstituted CYP2B4 produced about 1.5-fold and 1.4-fold rate enhancements in IDA and MC reduction catalyzed by P450R alone, respectively. The present results also showed that among the tested dietary antioxidants, quercetin, rutin, naringenin, resveratrol and trolox, only quercetin was found to be highly potent in preventing DNA damage by IDA. These results may have some practical implications concerning the potential use of P450R as therapeutic agent on their own in cancer treatment strategies. Selective targeting of tumor cells with purified P450R by newly developed delivery systems such as using polymers, liposomes or antibodies may produce greater reductive activation of bioreductive drugs in tumor cells. Consequently, this strategy has a high potential to increase the efficacy and selectivity of cancer chemotherapy.
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32

Campargue, Alain. "Etude des niveaux vibrationnels excités de SiH2Cl2 et SiH4 ([DELTA]v(Si-H) = 3), CHF3 et CHD3 ([DELTA]v(C-H) = 5) par spectroscopie d'absorption intracavité laser." Grenoble 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986GRE10056.

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Dans une petite molecule polyatomique (4 ou 5 atomes) possedant une ou plusieurs liaisons x-h (ou x=c, n, o, si), l'etude des transitions vibrationnelles mettant en jeu plusieurs quanta de vibration d'elongation de x-h (transitions harmoniques ou overtones) dans l'etat electronique fondamental renseigne sur les couplages de ces modes tres excites aux autres modes vibrationnels et sur la relaxation vibrationnelle intramoleculaire. Nous avons etudie ce probleme sur des molecules telles que chd::(3), chf::(3), sih::(2)cl::(2), sih::(4). L'intensite des transitions harmoniques etant d'autant plus faible que laplacien de v est plus grand, nous avons utilise la technique d'absorption intracavite laser. Cette technique consiste a etudier l'evolution temporelle du spectre d'un laser large bande a l'interieur duquel est placee la cellule contenant l'absorbant, elle est equivalente a l'absorption classique avec des longueurs d'absorption allant jusqu'a quelques dizaines de kilometres. . . C'est donc une technique analytique de haute sensibilite et de haute resoluton. Le spectre des silanes ont ete obtenus en utilisant un laser a centres colores fonctionnant en regime pulse au voisinage de 1,5 microns. Ces resultats ont ete analyses a l'aide d'un modele local: a chaque liaison x-h de la molecule est associe un oscillateur et la molecule est representee par cet ensemble d'oscillateurs eventuellement couples. Dans le domaine visible, la quatrieme transition harmonique c-h de chf::(3) et chd::(3) a ete etudiee. Le spectre est constitue par un ensemble de bandes (dont la structure rotationnelle est resolue dans le cas de chd::(3)). Un modele base sur une interaction entre le mouvement de pliage x-c-h (x=d, f) et le mouvement d'elongation c-h permet de rendre compte des energies et des intensites de ces bandes. La qualite des resultats experimentaux obtenus montre que la technique d'absorption intracavite laser est parfaitement adaptee a l'etude des transitions harmoniques
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33

Kuhne, Lena [Verfasser], Bruno [Akademischer Betreuer] Thomauske, Rahim [Akademischer Betreuer] Nabbi, and P. A. [Akademischer Betreuer] Kukla. "Lokalisation, Freisetzung, Speziesbestimmung von C-14 und H-3 in Reaktorgraphit / Lena Kuhne ; Bruno Thomauske, Rahim Nabbi, P. A. Kukla." Aachen : Universitätsbibliothek der RWTH Aachen, 2018. http://d-nb.info/116262955X/34.

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34

BECHU, LOUBERSAC VIRGINIE. "Etude epidemiologique pendant une periode de 3 mois des souches de s. Aureus realisee au c. H. R. De nantes." Nantes, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993NANT205M.

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35

Dahms, Florian H. W. Verfasser], Arie M. C. A. [Akademischer Betreuer] Koster, Sven O. [Akademischer Betreuer] Krumke, and Marco [Akademischer Betreuer] [Lübbecke. "Decomposition of Integer Programs with Matchability Structure / Florian H. W. Dahms ; Arie M. C. A. Koster, Sven O. Krumke, Marco Lübbecke." Aachen : Universitätsbibliothek der RWTH Aachen, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1162451114/34.

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36

Rudelin, Marie-Pierre. "S. A. M. U. Et interventions inter-hospitalieres, entre les hopitaux du c. H. R. De marseille : experiences de 1500 dossiers." Aix-Marseille 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994AIX20013.

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37

Park, In Hee. "Dark cloud modeling for the ortho-to-para abundance ratio of the cyclic C 3 H 2." The Ohio State University, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1117125089.

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38

Buchmann, Silke. "Elektrochemische Untersuchungen an Ir-Tripod-Komplexen (Tripod = cis,cis-1,3,5-(PPh 2 ) 3- 1,3,5-X 3 C 6 H 6:X = CN, COOMe, CH 2 OMe)ronische Ressource /." [S.l. : s.n.], 2002. http://www.bsz-bw.de/cgi-bin/xvms.cgi?SWB10236370.

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39

Hu, Zhiyong [Verfasser], Lukas J. [Gutachter] Gooßen, Bill [Gutachter] Morandi, and Stefan M. [Gutachter] Huber. "Transition-metal catalyzed cross-coupling reactions involving inert C-Cl and C-H bonds / Zhiyong Hu ; Gutachter: Lukas J. Gooßen, Bill Morandi, Stefan M. Huber ; Fakultät für Chemie und Biochemie." Bochum : Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1233484125/34.

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40

Nagamoto, Midori. "Iridium-Catalyzed Atom Economical Transformations of Unsaturated Hydrocarbons." Kyoto University, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/232279.

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41

Pippig, Andreas [Verfasser], K. Th M. [Akademischer Betreuer] Schneider, C. [Akademischer Betreuer] Höß, and H. H. [Akademischer Betreuer] Horch. "Familienplanung, Lebensverhältnisse und Lebensauffassungen von Erstgebärenden : Ergebnisse einer Wöchnerinnen-Befragung unter Berücksichtigung eines Vergleiches zwischen neuen und alten Bundesländern / Andreas Pippig. Gutachter: C. Höß ; H. H. Horch. Betreuer: K.-Th. M. Schneider." München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2006. http://d-nb.info/1058139959/34.

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42

Woods, Charles. "Electrochemical deposition of molybdenum and tungsten from trinuclear metal clusters (M3O2(OAC)6(H2O)3(CF3SO3)2) in 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ionic." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1279124132.

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43

Zhang, Guodong [Verfasser], Lukas J. [Gutachter] Gooßen, Gerald [Gutachter] Dyker, and Stefan M. [Gutachter] Huber. "Carboxylic acids as directing groups for C-H hydroarylation / Guodong Zhang ; Gutachter: Lukas J. Gooßen, Gerald Dyker, Stefan M. Huber ; Fakultät für Chemie und Biochemie." Bochum : Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1195221347/34.

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44

CLAVEAU, CHRISTOPHE. "Spectroscopie de fourier a tres haute resolution entre 4 et 16 m. Etude des parametres spectraux de raies de co 2, o 3 et h 2o. Retrecissement par effet dicke de raies de h 2o." Paris 6, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA066116.

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Les spectres de co 2, o 3 et h 2o ont ete etudies jusqu'a 16 micrometres a l'aide du spectrometre de fourier a tres grande difference de marche du l. P. M. A. La qualite de la determination des parametres spectraux atteint la limite imposee par le rapport signal sur bruit disponible et par la largeur doppler des raies observees. Une modelisation de la fonction d'appareil tenant compte des effets systematiques lies a l'instrument a permis d'etudier la variation de la forme des raies spectrales avec la pression. Les positions et les intensites des raies des varietes isotopiques de co 2 contenant de l'oxygene 17, et les intensites des raies des bandes v 1 et v 3 de l'ozone en interaction de coriolis, ont ete analysees. L'etude simultanee des bandes fondamentales, des bandes chaudes, et des bandes lasers des isotopomeres de co 2 a permis d'ameliorer leurs constantes moleculaires de plusieurs ordres de grandeur. La precision des intensites absolues devrait conduire a une amelioration significative des dosages du dioxyde de carbone dans les atmospheres planetaires a partir des raies non saturees, ainsi que des dosages de l'ozone dans la stratosphere a partir des raies de la bande situee a 10 m. Des ecarts au profil de voigt dans les raies de la bande v 2 de la vapeur d'eau dus a l'effet dicke ont ete mis en evidence pour la premiere fois avec un spectrometre de fourier. Les modeles de collisions dures ou douces donnent une bonne description des raies observees aux faibles pressions. Lorsque la pression augmente il est necessaire de tenir compte des differentes classes de vitesse de la molecule absorbante dans la determination des parametres de l'elargissement collisionnel.
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45

Nakashole, Ndapandula. "A Hybrid Scavenger Grid Approach to Intranet Search." Thesis, University of Cape Town, 2009. http://pubs.cs.uct.ac.za/archive/00000519/.

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According to a 2007 global survey of 178 organisational intranets, 3 out of 5 organisations are not satisfied with their intranet search services. However, as intranet data collections become large, effective full-text intranet search services are needed more than ever before. To provide an effective full-text search service based on current information retrieval algorithms, organisations have to deal with the need for greater computational power. Hardware architectures that can scale to large data collections and can be obtained and maintained at a reasonable cost are needed. Web search engines address scalability and cost-effectiveness by using large-scale centralised cluster architectures. The scalability of cluster architectures is evident in the ability of Web search engines to respond to millions of queries within a few seconds while searching very large data collections. Though more cost-effective than high-end supercomputers, cluster architectures still have relatively high acquisition and maintenance costs. Where information retrieval is not the core business of an organisation, a cluster-based approach may not be economically viable. A hybrid scavenger grid is proposed as an alternative architecture — it consists of a combination of dedicated and dynamic resources in the form of idle desktop workstations. From the dedicated resources, the architecture gets predictability and reliability whereas from the dynamic resources it gets scalability. An experimental search engine was deployed on a hybrid scavenger grid and evaluated. Test results showed that the resources of the grid can be organised to deliver the best performance by using the optimal number of machines and scheduling the optimal combination of tasks that the machines perform. A system efficiency and cost-effectiveness comparison of a grid and a multi-core machine showed that for workloads of modest to large sizes, the grid architecture delivers better throughput per unit cost than the multi-core, at a system efficiency that is comparable to that of the multi-core. The study has shown that a hybrid scavenger grid is a feasible search engine architecture that is cost-effective and scales to medium- to large-scale data collections.
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46

Zhao, Qiang. "Development of New Synthetic Transformations of N-Sulfony1-1,2,3-triazoles." Kyoto University, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/242534.

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47

Sporrer, Tobias [Verfasser], and H. M. [Akademischer Betreuer] Straßburg. "Die Entwicklung des Verhaltens bei der Nahrungsaufnahme, der Pflege und dem Spielen bei Kindern im 2. und 3. Lebensjahr in Tageseinrichtungen / Tobias Sporrer. Betreuer: H. M. Straßburg." Würzburg : Universitätsbibliothek der Universität Würzburg, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1043940871/34.

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48

Vasconcelos, Rodrigo Gadelha. "An?lise comparativa da imunoexpress?o de GLUT-1, GLUT-3 e M-CSF em les?o perif?rica e central de c?lulas gigantes." Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2014. http://repositorio.ufrn.br/handle/123456789/19983.

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A les?o perif?rica de c?lulas gigantes (LPCG) e a les?o central de c?lulas gigantes (LCCG) s?o les?es histologicamente semelhantes que acometem a regi?o de cabe?a e pesco?o. O estudo teve a finalidade de analisar a express?o imuno-histoqu?mica atrav?s dos marcadores GLUT-1, GLUT-3 e M-CSF em uma s?rie de casos de les?o perif?rica e central de c?lulas gigantes, na tentativa de estabelecer poss?veis associa??es e correla??es entre a express?o destas prote?nas nessas les?es, buscando uma melhor compreens?o do diferente comportamento biol?gico dessas entidades patol?gicas. A amostra foi constitu?da por 20 esp?cimes teciduais emblocados em parafina de LPCG, 20 de LCCG n?o agressivo e 20 de LCCG agressivo, oriundos do Servi?o de Anatomia Patol?gica da Disciplina de Patologia Oral do Departamento de Odontologia da UFRN. Em rela??o ao GLUT-1, verificou-se uma diferen?a estatisticamente significante (p< 0,05) na quantidade de c?lulas mononucleares imunomarcadas entre a les?o perif?rica (LP) e a les?o central n?o agressiva (LCNA) e entre a LP e a les?o central agressiva (LCA). Em rela??o ? intensidade da marca??o tamb?m foi verificado uma diferen?a estatisticamente significante tanto para as c?lulas mononucleares quanto para as c?lulas gigantes entre LP e LCNA e entre LP e LCA, nas c?lulas gigantes tamb?m ocorreu uma diferen?a estatisticamente significante entre a LCNA e a LCA. Em rela??o ao GLUT-3, foi encontrada uma diferen?a estatisticamente significante entre LP e LCA e entre LCNA e LCA na quantidade de c?lulas mononucleares imunomarcadas. No que concerne ? intensidade de marca??o para a referida prote?na foi verificado uma diferen?a estatisticamente significante nas c?lulas gigantes entre LP e LCA. Para o M-CSF foi observado apenas uma diferen?a estatisticamente significante na intensidade de marca??o nas c?lulas mononucleares entre LP e LCNA e entre LP e LCA. Com base nestes resultados, pode-se concluir a participa??o do GLUT-1, GLUT-3 e do M-CSF na patog?nese das les?es estudadas. Os transportadores de glicose estariam envolvidos no fornecimento de energia, para o metabolismo energ?tico das c?lulas e a prote?na osteoclastog?nica estaria envolvida no mecanismo de reabsor??o ?ssea encontrada nessas les?es.
The peripheral giant cell lesion ( PG CL ) and the central giant cell lesion ( CGC L) are lesions histologically similar affecting the head and neck region . The study aimed to analyze the immunohistochemical expression of markers GLUT - 1 , GLUT - 3 and M - CSF in a series of cases of PGCL and CGCL , in trying to understand the different biological behavior of these pathologies . The sample consisted of 20 tissue specimens of PGCL 20 central lesion of not aggressive giant cell ( CLNAGC) and 20 central lesi on of aggressive giant cell ( CLAGC), coming from the Pathology Unit of Oral Pathology of the Department of Dentistry of UFRN . W as performed the s emi - quantitative and qualitative analysis of immunohistochemical expression of the markers in giant cells and m ononuclear cells . In relation to the GLUT - 1, it was found a statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) in the number of mononuclear cells immunomarked between the PGCL and the CLNAGC and between the PGCL and CLAGC . Regarding the intensity of staining w as also observed a statistically significant difference both at the mononuclear cells as in giant cells between PL and CLNAGC and between PGCL and CLAGC , at the giant cells there was also a statistically significant difference between the CLNAGC and CLAGC . In relation to GLUT - 3 , was found a statistically significant difference between PGCL and CLAGC and between CLAGC and CLNAGC in amount of mononuclear cells immunomarked . Regarding the intensity of labeling for such protein was found a statistically signifi cant difference at the giant cells between PL and CLAGC . To the M - CSF was observed only a statistically significant difference in the intensity of labeling at the mononuclear cells between PGCL and CLNAGC and between PGCL and CLAGC . Based on these results, we can conclude the participation of GLUT - 1, GLUT - 3 and M - CSF in the pathogenesis of the lesions studied. The bigger immunostaining of these proteins in mononuclear cells show that these cells perform a higher metabolic activity and osteoclastogenic, espe cially in CLAGC . It was found that the mononuclear cells were more related to the pathogenesis of the studied lesions than properly the giant s cell s.
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49

Trévisiol, Pascale. "Problèmes de référence dans la construction du discours par des apprenants japonais du français, langue 3." Paris 8, 2003. http://octaviana.fr/document/134104560#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0.

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Cette thèse traite de l'acquisition guidée d'une langue 3 (L3) par des apprenants japonais du français (débutants, intermédiaires, avancés) dans une perspective fonctionnelle. L'étude porte sur la façon dont ces locuteurs expriment la référence à 3 domaines conceptuels de base (entités, temps, espace) dans la construction d'un discours narratif (récit de film). L'organisation et l'expression de la temporalité, de la spatialité et de la référence aux entités, ainsi que son développement d'un groupe de niveau à l'autre, sont étudiés à travers l'analyse de la production langagière des apprenants. La question de l'influence de la langue maternelle et/ou d'une autre langue étrangère (anglais L2) est également posée : la comparaison des données d'apprenants avec celles de locuteurs natifs japonophones face à la même tâche discursive permet de mieux cerner le rôle et le poids respectifs de la L1 et de la L2, ainsi que les conditions autorisant le transfert de connaissances antérieures en L3
This thesis deals with the instructed acquisition of French as a 3rd language (L3) by Japanese learners (initial, intermediate, advanced) from a functional point of view. The study investigates the way in which learners refer to 3 basic conceptual categories (entities, time, space) in the construction of a narrative (film retelling). These productions form the basis for an analysis of the expression and organization of temporality, spatiality and reference to entities, as well as its development from a group of level to another. Also studied is the question of the influence of mother tongue and/or another foreign language (english L2) : the comparison of the learners' data with those of Japanese native speakers in the same task makes it possible better to determine the respective role and weight of L1 and L2, as well as the conditions allowing the transfer of former knowledge in L3 production
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50

C?rdoba, Mar?a Ang?lica Mera. "Avalia??o da atividade citot?xica in vitro dos extratos vegetais de Pseudobrickellia brasiliensis (Spreng) R. M. King & H. Rob, Miconia ferruginata DC e Ageratum fastigiatum (Gardn.) R. M. King sobre c?lulas tumorais Jurkat." UFVJM, 2017. http://acervo.ufvjm.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/1564.

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?rea de concentra??o: Ci?ncias farmac?uticas.
Incluir como ag?ncias financiadoras: Grupo Coimbra das Universidades Brasileiras (GCUB) e Organiza??o dos Estados Americanos (OEA).
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O Cerrado mineiro possui muitas esp?cies vegetais utilizadas na medicina popular, dentre elas est?o a Pseudobrickellia brasilensis , a Miconia ferruginata e Ageratum fastigiatum, plantas popularmente usadas como analg?sico, cicatrizante e anti-inflamat?rio. Estudos realizados no Laborat?rio de Imunologia da UFVJM indicaram que extratos destas plantas possuem efeito inibit?rio sobre a ativa??o de linf?citos humanos in vitro. Em virtude disso, e com base em relatos populares sobre uma poss?vel a??o antitumoral, o objetivo principal deste trabalho foi pesquisar se estes extratos apresentariam ou n?o efeito citot?xico sobre a linhagem tumoral Jurkat, utilizando-se concentra??es n?o t?xicas, j? avaliadas sobre c?lulas mononucleares do sangue perif?rico humano (PBMC). Uma vez que os extratos vegetais foram dilu?dos no solvente Dimetilsulf?xido (DMSO), inicialmente investigou-se a concentra??o m?xima de DMSO que n?o alteraria a viabilidade das c?lulas Jurkat ap?s 24, 48 e 72 horas de cultura. O efeito citot?xico dos extratos foi avaliado sobre linf?citos tumorais (Jurkat) e sobre linf?citos humanos de volunt?rios h?gidos pelo m?todo de exclus?o com azul de tripan, com exce??o das culturas tratadas com P.brasilensis, onde a viabilidade foi avaliada por citometria de fluxo. Tamb?m foram calculados os ?ndices de seletividade e percentuais de efic?cia dos extratos com rela??o ao f?rmaco antineopl?sico Paclitaxel. Foi avaliada tamb?m a interfer?ncia desses extratos sobre as fases do ciclo celular das c?lulas Jurkat, bem como os mecanismos de morte envolvidos na a??o citot?xica dos extratos. De acordo com os resultados obtidos, o DMSO n?o apresentou efeito t?xico sobre as c?lulas Jurkat na concentra??o de 1%v/v nos tr?s tempos de incuba??o, sendo esta a concentra??o de solvente utilizada em todos os ensaios realizados. Extratos etan?licos das folhas da P. brasilensis (PBf) a 200?g/mL, das partes a?reas da A. fastigiatum (Afpa) a 50?g/mL e extratos etan?licos e aquosos da M. ferruginata (Mfet, Mfaq) a 125?g/mL mostraram maior toxicidade sobre as c?lulas Jurkat principalmente ap?s 72h de tratamento. O tratamento, por 24h, com extrato Afpa 50 ?g/mL mostrou ser o mais seletivo e eficaz com rela??o aos outros extratos. Foi evidenciado em todos os extratos, que nas maiores concentra??es, ap?s de 24 horas de tratamento, houve uma inibi??o na progress?o da fase G2M do ciclo celular. O extrato das partes a?reas de Ageratum fastigiatum tamb?m produziu uma reten??o dessas c?lulas na fase G0-G1. Todos os extratos induziram a apoptose as c?lulas Jurkat, onde o n?mero de c?lulas em apoptose tardio foi predominante em rela??o aos processos necr?ticos.
Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-gradua??o em Ci?ncias Farmac?uticas, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2017.
The Cerrado Mineiro has many vegetable species used in folk medicine. Plants like Pseudobrickellia Brasilensis, Miconia ferruginata and Ageratum fastigiatum are widely used as analgesic, healing or anti-inflammatory. Studies carried on the Immunology Laboratory (UFVJM) shown that extracts from these plants has inhibitory effects in the activation of in-vitro-cultured human lymphocytes. In this way, and based on folk stories related with their anti-tumor action, the main objective of this work was research about the cytotoxic effect of this plants on Jurkat tumor line-cell cultures, using as first experiment non-toxic extract concentrations previously proved on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBCM). Once the vegetable extracts were diluted in dimetilsulfoxide (DMSO), previously, the maximum DMSO concentration not-altering cell viability was determined after 24, 48 and 72 hours. Cytotoxic effect was studied using the exclusion method with tripam blue on tumor lymphocytes (Jukart) and human lymphocytes, donated by healthy volunteers, except for P.brasilensis treated line cells, for which cell viability was studied by flux cytometer. The selectivity index and extracts efficiency percentage were calculated and related with the antineoplastic Paclitaxel drug. The extracts interference on the Jukart cell cycle phases and the cell death mechanisms related with the cytotoxic activity were evaluated. According to the obtained results, DMSO does not show cytotoxic effects on Jukart cells in 1% (v/v) concentration at the three incubation times, being this the solvent concentration used in all the experiments. Ethanol extracts of P. brasilensis leaves (PBf) at 200?g / mL, aerial parts of A. fastigiatum (Afpa) at 50?g / mL and M. ferruginata aqueous and ethanolic extracts (Mfet, Mfaq) at 125?g / mL showed higher Toxicity on Jurkat cells mainly after 72h of treatment. The 24 h treatment with Afpa at 50 ?g/mL was the most selective and effective in comparison with the other tested extracts. It was evidenced in all extracts, that at the highest concentrations, after 24 hours of treatment, there was an inhibition in the progression of the G2M phase of the cell cycle. The extract of Ageratum fastigiatum aerial parts also produced the G0-G1 phase retention. All extracts induced Jukart cell apoptosis, and cell number on late apoptotic phase predominated on the necrotic ones.
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