Journal articles: 'M.L. Bean Museum'

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SANDOVAL, LUIS, PIERRE-PAUL BITTON, ALANA D. DEMKO, STÉPHANIE M. DOUCET, and DANIEL J. MENNILL. "Phenotypic variation and vocal divergence reveals a species complex in White-eared Ground-sparrows (Cabanis) (Aves: Passerellidae)." Zootaxa 4291, no. 1 (July 11, 2017): 155. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4291.1.9.

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The taxonomy of the genus Melozone has recently been analyzed from genus to subspecies level, leading to a significant revision of our understanding of this group of birds. Previous studies quantified differences in phenotypic traits, behavior, and genotypes, to provide a better understanding of the underappreciated diversity within Melozone and the relationship between species within this genus. Yet the relationship between the subspecies of White-eared Ground-sparrows, Melozone leucotis, has not received thorough taxonomic scrutiny. In this study, we evaluate the taxonomic status of the three recognized subspecies of M. leucotis using multiple morphometric characteristics, plumage color features, and vocalizations. We measured plumage patterns and reflectance from museum specimens, morphometric features from museum specimens and live birds, and vocal characteristics from sound recordings. We observed substantial variation between subspecies in plumage, morphometry, and voice, especially between northern and southern birds. The phenotypic and vocal differences exhibited by M. l. occipitalis (from Chiapas, Mexico; Guatemala; and El Salvador) suggest that its taxonomic relationship with the M. l. leucotis and M. l. nigrior complex (from Costa Rica and Nicaragua, respectively) needs to be reevaluated, because these two groups are highly diagnosable from one another. Additionally, M. l. occipitalis is geographically isolated from the other two subspecies, reducing the probability of contact by natural causes in the near future. Based on the clear differences in voice, plumage, and morphometric features reported here, we propose that M. l. occipitalis be recognized as a distinct species, M. occipitalis (Salvin's Ground-sparrow), diagnosed on the basis of its longer tail, longer bill, duller plumage, and songs with a lower frequency of maximum amplitude.

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Popelnytska, Olena. "Letters of the Archaeologist V. Ye. Kozlovska to the Regional Researcher S. L. Drozdov (According to the Archive of the National Museum of History of Ukraine)." Archaeology, no. 4 (December 14, 2020): 128–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/archaeologyua2020.04.128.

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In the archives of The National Museum of History of Ukraine in the fund No. 4 (K. V. Bolsunovskyi) there are personal documents of the famous local historian and museum figure Stepan Leontiiovych Drozdov, among them — five letters of the famous archaeologist Valeria Yevhenivna Kozlovska. This correspondence is a fragment of V. Ye. Kozlovska’s archive, part of which is now outside Ukraine, or is scattered across the personal archives of Ukrainian scientists who were a part of V. Ye. Kozlovska’s circle of contacts and have not yet been introduced into scientific circulation. Therefore, each new revealed letter of V. Ye. Kozlovska has a significant scientific value as a source for the biography of this outstanding personality and scientist. The earliest of V. Ye. Kozlovska’s letters to S. L. Drozdov is dated by June 14, 1916; there was mentioned the evacuation of the Kyiv Art, Industrial and Scientific Museum collections during the First World War. The next four letters concerned the activities of the expedition of the All-Ukrainian Archaeological Committee in 1929 in Bilotserkivshchyna. In addition to V. Ye. Kozlovska — the head of the expedition, it included F. M. Ivanov and J. F. Maslun — employees of the Bilotserkivskyi District Archaeological and Ethnographic Museum, V. A. Mazur — an employee of the T. Shevchenko All-Ukrainian Historical Museum, a draftsman (whose surname is not mentioned in the letters) and a certain Mykola Mykhailovych was also mentioned in the letters — obviously M. M. Tkachenko — an employee of the All-Ukrainian Academy of Sciences and the husband of V. Ye. Kozlovska. In a letter dated by May 14, 1929, V. Ye. Kozlovska appealed to S. L. Drozdov with a proposal to conduct joint excavations of the All-Ukrainian Archaeological Committee and the Bila Tserkva Museum. In a letter dated by September 22, 1929, V. Ye. Kozlovska informed S. L. Drozdov that she would be able to arrive to Didivshchyna village not earlier than in September 28. The place of writing the letter dated by October 3, 1929 is the corner of Zalissia in Didivshchyna village. The letter mentions the arrival of S. L. Drozdov for excavations, finds of an iron knife and two male burials, packing archaeological finds in boxes. V. Ye. Kozlovska also asked S. L. Drozdov to find in Bila Tserkva a technique for drawing excavation plans. In the letter dated by October 18, 1929 there was informed about the packing of a cut-out of the hearth of the stove from the investigated dwelling and about V. Ye. Kozlovska’s intention to come to Bila Tserkva in November 1 for ready-made drawings of the excavations.

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Heliövaara, Kari, Rauno Väisänen, and Ilpo Mannerkoski. "Melanophila formaneki (Jakobson) (Coleoptera, Buprestidae) new to Finland." Entomologica Fennica 1, no. 4 (December 1, 1990): 221–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.33338/ef.83488.

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The buprestid Melanophila formaneki (Jakobson) (= Phaenops aerea Formanek) is reported for the first time from Finland. The beetles (5 adults and 32 larvae) were reared from three stems of recently dead approx. 4-m-high Scots pines (Pinus sylvestris L.). The pines had been cut in a heavily polluted industrial arca at Harjavalta, southwestern Finland, in 1989. A specimen collected in 1929 from Sakkola, on the Karelian Isthmus, was redetermined in museum material. M.formaneki is compared with M. cyanea, and the la¡va is described.

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Rapinčuka, Jeļena. "VIRTUAL GALLERY AS A BASIS FOR THE STUDY OF THE LIFE AND WORK OF BELARUSIAN WRITERS." Via Latgalica, no. 6 (December 31, 2014): 222. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/latg2014.6.1661.

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The legacy of poets and writers of Belarus and Grodno region in particular is undoubtedly rich and diverse. It is well known, that national values begin with the local, regional ones, so that national culture consists of original, distinctive features of regional life. Due to the fact, that on the website of the project LLB-2-269 “Virtual Past is a Keystone for the Future of Museums” the descriptions of museum exhibits were created, we can virtually get acquainted with the artistic and historical heritage of famous personalities, who have left a noticeable imprint on the culture of Belarus and abroad. In a virtual gallery “Literary Grodno region” (http://futureofmuseums.eu/be/ virtual-gallery/maxim-bahdanovich-harodna-museum-collections) virtual visitors have an opportunity to appreciate autographs, documents, books, periodicals, postcards, photographs, household items and home furnishings of the late 19th – early 20th centuries, personal belongings of scientists and writers of Grodno region or of those people, whose lives have been directly related to Prinemanskij region, to Belarus. The descriptions of museum exhibits, which we are presenting, are divided into four subcategories: audiovisual sources, written sources, material monuments and pictorial sources. A significant part of these exhibits has found its place in the “Written sources” subcategory. The descriptions of the original editions of the late 19th – early 20th centuries: works of A. Mickiewicz, E. Ozheshko, V. Syrokomlya, F. Bogushevich, Tetka (A. Pashkevich), Ya. Kupala, Ya. Kolos, M. Bogdanovich, K. Buylo, Ya. Luchina, M. Goretskiy, B. Tarashkevich are of great interest here. Occasional periodicals of the early 20th century are presented by “Nasha Dolya” and “Nasha Niva” newspapers, “Zhizn Belorusa”, “Zhenskoye Delo”, “Krivich” magazines,publications of the first Belarusian calendars etc.The original manuscripts and typescripts of works and letters of such Grodno writers as Z. Veras (L. A. Sivitskaya-Voytik), L. Geniyush, M. Vasilyok, A. Karpyuk, V. Bykov, D. Bichel-Zagnetova, L. Yalovchik are valuable exhibits also. Home furnishings and household items of the late 19th – early 20th centuries are presented in the “Material monuments” subcategory. These are a tea table, a buffet, floor clocks, a bookcase, a chest of drawers, chairs, porcelain crockery and silverware. Writing utensils, caskets, napkins, tablecloths, garments and accessories and other personal items, that belonged to prominent personalities of Grodno, are also shown here. Subcategory “Audiovisual sources” is presented by original photographs of writers and scholars, their relatives and friends, postcards with images of known sceneries and architectural monuments. Among the “Pictorial sources” one can find paintings, icons, portraits, busts, bas-reliefs. In order to understand the style and skill of the definite writer it is not enough only to read his works, it is also extremely important to know the features of that time, which he lived in, his circle of acquaintances that had a direct influence on his creative personality, topics and problems of his works, his position and views. Thus, the virtual gallery “Literary Grodno region”of the project LLB-2-269 “Virtual Past is a Keystone for the Future of Museums” is designed for pupils, students, teachers, researchers and anyone interested in the culture and literature of Belarus. Virtual Gallery is the initial stage, the basis for the study of the huge heritage of outstanding Belarusian writers.

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Študent, Miloslav. "Sources of Lute- and Guitar Music in the Holdings of the National Museum in Prague." Musicalia 8, no. 1-2 (2016): 114–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/muscz-2017-0005.

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This study gives an overview of lute and guitar tablatures in the holdings of the National Museum (at the Czech Museum of Music and the National Museum Library), and it briefly characterizes them in the form of a catalogue. Since music from the Strahov and Lobkowicz collections, which also involve a rather large set of tablatures, has been returned to its original owners in restitution, the study provides up-to-date information about where this historical material is now kept. It reflects new knowledge and discoveries (lute tablature with the shelf mark KNM Nostic gg 412). The composers presented (e.g. G. P. Foscarini, P. Mutti, N. Vallet, Ch. Mouton, P. I. Jelínek, A. Dix, M. Galilei, J. Dowland, Ch. de Lespine, J. Regnart, S. L. Jacobides, J. Ch. Beyer and many others), living and working in the sixteenth through the eighteenth centuries, are primarily Italian, French, German, and Czech, and with respect to social classes, they represent practically all of the environments where playing on plucked instruments was cultivated.

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Schifani, Enrico, Sándor Csősz, Roberto Viviano, and Antonio Alicata. "Ant diversity on the largest Mediterranean islands: on the presence or absence of 28 species in Sicily (Hymenoptera, Formicidae)." Natural History Sciences 8, no. 1 (May 28, 2021): 55–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/nhs.2021.532.

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The ant fauna of Sicily, the largest island in the Mediterranean basin, has been significantly overlooked over the time. Drafting a reliable Sicilian ant checklist requires extensive field surveys, a careful review of the literature and of museum specimens, as well as the taxonomic investigation of some problematic issues. As a part of these ongoing efforts, we present our results on the presence or absence of 25 species. By analyzing specimens collected during the last 35 years across the island and reviewing old records in the light of present-day taxonomy, we provide evidence of the presence of 9 species (Camponotus ruber, Lasius myops, L. platythorax, Plagiolepis schmitzii, Ponera testacea, Solenopsis orbula, Temnothorax clypeatus, T. nylanderi, and T. ravouxi), while suggesting the absence of 19 others (Camponotus ligniperda, C. sicheli, C. spissinodis, Formica lugubris, Lasius alienus, L. flavus, L. niger, L. paralienus, Messor minor, M. wasmanni, Monomorium monomorium, Myrmica scabrinodis, M. spinosior, Nylanderia sp. 2 sensu Schifani & Alicata 2018, Solenopsis fugax, Temnothorax luteus, T. tuberum, Tetramorium caespitum, and T. indocile). Similar studies are necessary across Italy, as a significant portion of the existing ant records is outdated due to the evolved taxonomic framework.

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PRERADOVIĆ, JELENA, ANDRIJANA ANDRIĆ, SNEŽANA RADENKOVIĆ, LJILJANA ŠAŠIĆ ZORIĆ, CELESTE PÉREZ-BAÑÓN, ANDRÉS CAMPOY, and ANTE VUJIĆ. "Pupal stages of three species of the phytophagous genus Merodon Meigen (Diptera: Syrphidae)." Zootaxa 4420, no. 2 (May 16, 2018): 229. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4420.2.5.

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plants, are mostly unknown. All known immature stages of Merodon feed on underground storage organs (bulbs, rhizomes and corms) of geophytes of the families Asparagaceae, Iridaceae and Amaryllidaceae. Of 160 known Merodon species, to date, the pupal stages have been described for only four: M. equestris (Fabricius), M. bombiformis Hull, M. luteihumerus Marcos-García, Vujić & Mengual, and M. geniculatus Strobl. During field investigations in Đerdap National Park, Serbia, Merodon puparia were found in the ground near the bulbs of Ornithogalum umbellatum L. (Asparagaceae). DNA barcoding revealed that they belonged to the species M. aureus Fabricius and M. avidus (Rossi). Analysis of museum material from the Bavarian State Collection of Zoology in Germany revealed the puparium of an additional species, M. rufus Meigen. In our study we provide for the first time descriptions of the puparia of these three Merodon species. The main diagnostic morphological characters of the pupal spiracles and posterior respiratory processes are described using scanning electron microscopy, and cephalopharyngeal skeletons using binocular microscopy. In addition, puparium morphology of M. aureus, M. avidus and M. rufus is compared with known puparia of four other Merodon species and with the third larval stage of M. hurkmansi Marcos-García, Vujić & Mengual.

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Stemmer, David, and Odi Kehagias. "Bone Degreasing – Finding a New Solution to an Old Problem." Biodiversity Information Science and Standards 2 (June 13, 2018): e26392. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/biss.2.26392.

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The South Australian Museum boasts the largest and most comprehensive cetacean collection in Australia, including various large cetacean skeletons. The preparation of these skeletons was done at various locations throughout the history of the Museum until the state government funded a purpose-built preparation facility which opened in 1983. The well-equipped centre was fitted with a large (2800 L) custom-built liquid-vapour degreaser that used trichloroethylene (TCE) as solvent. Many beautifully degreased skeletons, including a 22 m pygmy blue whale, were prepared during its 15-year operation. An accidental spill of TCE in 1999 led to the decommissioning of the unit. The decision to abandon the use of the toxic and dangerous TCE has led to a series of experiments to find a benign replacement process that will work either with the existing degreaser or heated maceration vats. Numerous chemicals and treatment methods have been trialled with limited success. However, one particular group of chemicals, glycol ether surfactant compounds, has shown promise and has been the main focus for our ongoing studies. Glycol ethers are broad-spectrum active solvents characterised by high dilution ratios, low evaporation rates and wide solubility range. Their unique solubility characteristics also allow them to be used as a coupling solvent in more complex situations containing both hydrophilic and hydrophobic components, and because of their compatibility with non-ionic surfactants, blended formulations with glycol ether solvents may provide a new solution to an old problem.

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Gurney, O. R. "Babylonian Music Again." Iraq 56 (1994): 101–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021088900002849.

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In Iraq 30 (1968) I published a fragmentary text from Ur, then numbered 7/80, containing part of a treatise on the tuning of the sammû instrument, and with the collaboration of the musicologist David Wulstan, who himself contributed a companion article, I added an interpretation, with a table showing that the text described seven different tunings, with instructions in two chapters for the conversion of each one to the next, first by lowering, then by raising the pitch of one string by a semitone. The copy of the text was subsequently published again as UET VII 74 and the number 7/80 was abandoned when the tablet was sent to Baghdad and renumbered in the Iraq Museum. This text, usually known as “the tuning text” — a better name would be “retuning text” — provided the decisive clue to the understanding of the Babylonian musical system and its terminology, which have since been expounded by several musicologists and compared with the Greek system of “octave species”. So well established did the theory become that it was applied without question by several scholars when a few years later a tablet apparently containing a musical notation using the same terminology was recognized among the tablets from Ras Shamra-Ugarit. Little notice was taken in 1982 when Raoul Vitale wrote an article calling in question the basic assumption of the theory that the tuning system and the scales were upward rather than downward. Only recently has M. L. West proposed in this article “The Babylonian Musical Notation and the Human Melodic Texts” (Music and Letters 75/4 [1993], 161–79) that Vitale's theory should be seriously considered.

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WASHINGTON, ELLIS. "EXCLUDING THE EXCLUSIONARY RULE: NATURAL LAW VS. JUDICIAL PERSONAL POLICY PREFERENCES*." Deakin Law Review 10, no. 2 (July 1, 2005): 772. http://dx.doi.org/10.21153/dlr2005vol10no2art304.

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<div class="page" title="Page 1"><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column">* A previous versions of this article was published in C. James Newlan’s journal, THE SOCIAL CRITIC, as Ellis Washington, Excluding the Exclusionary Rule, 3 THE SOC. CRITIC (1998), and in ELLIS WASHINGTON, THE INSEPARABILITY OF LAW AND MORALITY: THE CONSTITUTION, NATURAL LAW AND THE RULE OF LAW 16-28 (2002) [hereinafter WASHINGTON, INSEPARABILITY OF LAW AND MORALITY]. For a comprehensive legal and historical analysis regarding the integration of the rule of law, jurispru- dence, and society in modern times, see generally Ellis Washington, Reply to Judge Richard A. Posner on the Inseparability of Law and Morality, 3 RUTGERS J. L. & RELIG. 1 (2001-2002); The Nuremberg Trials: The Death of the Rule of Law (In International Law), 49 LOY. L. REV. 471-518 (2003). ** Ellis Washington, DePauw University; B.A. 1983, University of Michigan; M.M. 1986, John Marshall Law School; J.D. 1994. The author an editor at the UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN LAW REVIEW and a law clerk for the Rutherford Institute. He was a faculty member at Davenport University and member of the Board of Visitors at Ave Maria School of Law. Currently, Mr. Washington is a freelance writer and lecturer at high schools, universities, and law schools throughout America specializing in the history of law, legal and political philosophy, jurisprudence, constitutional law, critical race theory, and legal feminist theory. He also teaches composition at Lansing Community College. In addition to numerous articles, he has published three books: THE DEVIL IS IN THE DETAILS: ESSAYS ON LAW, RACE, POLITICS AND RELIGION (1999); BEYOND THE VEIL: ESSAYS IN THE DIALECTICAL STYLE OF SOCRATES (2000, 2004); THE INSEPRABILITY OF LAW AND MORALITY: THE CONSTITUTION, NATURAL LAW AND THE RULE OF LAW (2002). His article, The Nuremberg Trials: The Death of the Rule of Law (In International Law), 49 LOY. L. REV. 471-518 (2003), has received both national and international recognition and has been accepted into many prestigious archives and collections including–Chambers Library of the Supreme Court of the United States, State Museum of Auschwitz-Birkenau, The Simon Wiesenthal Center, The U.S. Holocaust Memorial Museum, The Elie Wiesel Foundation for Humanity. *Exceeding gratitude to my friend, attorney Che Ali Karega (a.k.a. “Machiavelli”) for his antagonism, advice, ideas, source materials, and inspiration. To Arthur LaBrew, musicologist and historian, founder Michigan Music Research Center (Detroit), for his prescient comments and attention to detail on earlier drafts of the Article. To C. James Newlan, publisher of the Journal, THE SOCIAL CRITIC, for being my friend, my first publisher, an intellectual, a visionary, and the first person to believe that I had ideas worthy to be published and read. </div></div></div>

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Wall, D. A. "Wild mustard (Sinapis arvensis L.) competition with navy beans." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 73, no. 4 (October 1, 1993): 1309–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps93-170.

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Field studies were conducted in 1989 and 1991 to investigate the competitiveness of wild mustard with navy beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Wild mustard growing in the crop row was highly competitive with beans sown in rows spaced 53 cm apart. Navy bean yields decreased with increasing wild mustard density. The greatest incremental yield losses occurred at weed densities of less than 20 plants m−2. Estimated yield losses at 20 wild mustard plants m, were 57 and 46% in 1989 and 1991, respectively. Wild mustard competition reduced seed test weight (g 0.5 L−1) less than 4% over the range of weed densities investigated. Key words: Navy bean ’Seafarer’, rectangular hyperbola, seed test weight, weed density, yield loss

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Balasubramanian, P. M., H. H. Mündel, R. L. Conner, S. Chatterton, and A. Hou. "AAC Black Diamond 2 dry bean." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 95, no. 2 (March 2015): 437–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps-2014-249.

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Balasubramanian, P. M., Mündel, H.-H., Conner, R. L., Chatterton, S. and Hou, A. 2015. AAC Black Diamond 2 dry bean. Can. J. Plant Sci. 95: 437–440. AAC Black Diamond 2 is a high-yielding black bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cultivar with an upright, indeterminate bush growth habit, lodging resistance, shiny black seed coat and improved resistance to seed-borne common bacterial blight caused by Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli. AAC Black Diamond 2 was developed at the Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (AAFC) Research Centre, Lethbridge, AB. AAC Black Diamond 2 is suitable for irrigated production in Alberta and Saskatchewan.

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Balasubramanian, P. M., H. H. Mündel, R. L. Conner, and A. Hou. "AAC Tundra great northern dry bean." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 92, no. 7 (November 2012): 1403–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps2012-066.

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Balasubramanian, P. M., Mündel, H.-H., Conner, R. L. and Hou, A. 2012. AAC Tundra great northern dry bean. Can. J. Plant Sci. 92: 1403–1405. AAC Tundra is a high-yielding, early-maturing great northern bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) with an upright, indeterminate bush growth habit with long vines (Type IIb). AAC Tundra was developed at the Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (AAFC) Research Centre, Lethbridge, AB. AAC Tundra has a large seed size and improved field resistance to white mould compared with the check cultivar AC Polaris. AAC Tundra is suitable for irrigated wide row production in Alberta and Saskatchewan.

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NASCIMENTO, MARIA DAS GRAÇAS RODRIGUES DO, EDNA URSULINO ALVES, MARIA LÚCIA MAURÍCIO DA SILVA, and CAROLINE MARQUES RODRIGUES. "LIMA BEAN ( Phaseolus lunatus L.) SEEDS EXPOSED TO DIFFERENT SALT CONCENTRATIONS AND TEMPERATURES." Revista Caatinga 30, no. 3 (September 2017): 738–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252017v30n322rc.

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ABSTRACT Salinity problems are increasing in the semi-arid regions of northeastern Brazil. Thus, detailed studies of the region’s cultured crops, primarily salt-tolerant species, are important. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the salt stress tolerance of lima bean (Phaseolus lunatus L.) seeds at different temperatures. This study was conducted in the Seed Analysis Laboratory, Agricultural Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba (Areia, PB, Brazil) by using seeds of four lima bean cultivars (Branca, Orelha de Vó, Rosinha, and Roxinha) in a randomized experimental design. Sodium chloride (NaCl) was used as a solute for salt-stress simulation at the following concentrations: 0.0 (control), 1.5, 3.0, 4.5, 6.0, 7.5, and 9.0 dS m-1; temperatures were maintained constant at 25°C, 30°C, and 35°C. Germination and vigor tests were performed to evaluate the treatment effects (first count, germination rate index, seedling length, and dry matter). Germination rate of lima bean seeds increased in salt concentrations up to 9 dS m-1, and seeds of Roxinha cultivar exhibited the highest salinity tolerance. The development of lima bean cultivar seedlings was negatively affected at 35°C under high-salinity conditions.

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Galon, Leandro, César Tiago Forte, Francisco Wilson Reichert Júnior, Ricardo Trevisol, and Gismael Francisco Perin. "Competitive interaction between commom black bean cultivars and Euphorbia heterophylla 1." Pesquisa Agropecuária Tropical 48, no. 3 (December 2018): 254–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1983-40632018v4851669.

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ABSTRACT Weeds can interfere in the growth and development of bean plants if not properly managed, especially the wild poinsettia (Euphorbia heterophylla L.). This study aimed to evaluate the competitive ability of black bean cultivars coexisting with wild poinsettia. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse, in a completely randomized design, with four replications. Each treatment consisted of one bean plant of the BRS Campeiro, IPR Uirapuru or SCS Predileto cultivars, living with 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 wild poinsettia plants, corresponding to populations of 0 plants m-2, 22 plants m-2, 44 plants m-2, 66 plants m-2, 88 plants m-2 and 110 plants m-2. Bean and wild poinsettia plants were assessed for stem diameter, leaf area, chlorophyll content, plant height and shoot dry mass. The bean cultivars behaved differently when cultivated with distinct wild poinsettia populations. The SCS Predileto cultivar showed a higher competitive ability against the wild poinsettia than the BRS Campeiro and IPR Uirapuru, what can be verified by the reduction of leaf area and dry mass of the weed. On average, at a density of 110 plants m-2, the wild poinsettia reduces in approximately 32 % the leaf area and 50 % the dry mass of the bean plants.

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Shirtliffe, Steven J., and Adrian M. Johnston. "Yield-density relationships and optimum plant populations in two cultivars of solid-seeded dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) grown in Saskatchewan." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 82, no. 3 (July 1, 2002): 521–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/p01-156.

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There is relatively little agronomic information on solid-seeded production of dry bean in western Canada. Recommended seeding density for dry bean can depend on the growth habit of the plant, the yield–density relationship, percent emergence, seed cost and environment. The objective of this study was to determine the yield–density relationships in two determinate bush type cultivars of dry bean and the optimum plant population under solid-seeded production in Saskatchewan. CDC Camino, a late-season pinto bean and CDC Expresso, a medium-season-length black bean were the cultivars evaluated. In most sites, the yield-density relationship of the cultivars was asymptotic and an optimum plant density for maximum yield could not be determined. Camino generally required a lower plant population to reach a given yield than Expresso. Increasing plant population did not affect 1000-seed weight. Higher seeding rate did result in a greater number of seeds produced m-2, with Expresso having a greater increase in seed produced m-2 compared with Camino. Expresso was required to be at higher plant densities than Camino to maximize economic returns. This reflects the differences between cultivars in yield-density relationship and seed cost, as Camino has a heavier 1000-seed weight than Expresso. Saskatchewan bean growers wishing to maximize profit should target plant populations for Expresso and Camino of approximately 50 and 25 plants m-2, respectively. Key words: Saskatchewan, yield components, non-linear regression, seeding rate, narrow rows, solid-seeded

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Agtunong, TP, R. Redden, MA Mangge-Nang, C. Searle, and S. Fukai. "Genotypic variation in response to high temperature at flowering in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 32, no. 8 (1992): 1135. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea9921135.

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In controlled temperature glasshouses, 5 cultivars of Phaseolus vulgaris L. (cv. Actolac, and 4 Mexican cultivars: M 650, 659, 674, 685B) were subjected to super-optimal temperature (34/29�C day/night) stress pre-flowering (T2), pre- and post-flowering (T3), and post-flowering (T4). The stress treatments increased bud and flower production and dramatically increased abscission of buds, flowers, and pods compared with controls at 24-19�C. Actolac was the most sensitive to heat stress, while the Mexican cultivars displayed varying degrees of partial tolerance. For pod and seed production, M 674 was the most tolerant under T2, and M 685B the most tolerant under T4, with grain yields nearly equal to the control. This was achieved despite reduced seed weight, through increased seed set. Under T3 no cultivar produced seed. Cultivar M 659 was intermediate in stress reaction between Actolac and M 674 under T2, and M 650 was intermediate between Actolac and M 685B under T4. The data indicate that optimum growth temperatures for M 674 and M 685B may be greater than that for Actolac.

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Idris, A. M., J. Bird, and J. K. Brown. "First Report of a Bean-Infecting Begomovirus from Macroptilium lathyroides in Puerto Rico That Is Distinct from Bean Golden Mosaic Virus." Plant Disease 83, no. 11 (November 1999): 1071. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis.1999.83.11.1071c.

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Bean golden mosaic begomovirus (BGMV) was long suspected to cause bright yellow mosaic symptoms in Macroptilium lathyroides (L.), a weed common to Puerto Rico. M. lathyroides plants exhibiting bright yellow mosaic symptoms were collected from Puerto Rico during 1994 to 1999, and the biotic and molecular characteristics of the suspect begomovirus were determined. Symptoms in M. lathyroides, indistinguishable from those observed in field-infected plants, were reproducible by whitefly transmission (Bemisia tabaci type B) and biolistic inoculation of leaf extracts (1). In bean, Phaseolus vulgaris (L.) ‘Topcrop,’ the M. lathyroides virus caused green-yellow mosaic foliar symptoms and stunting, reminiscent of symptoms caused by BGMV from Puerto Rico (BGMV-PR). However, biolistic- or whitefly-mediated inoculation of M. lathyroides with BGMV-PR resulted in no discernible infection. Sequence analysis (2) of the coat protein (CP) gene (AF176092) and common region of the A (CR-A) (AF176093) and B (CR-B) (AF176094) components of the virus from M. lathyroides indicated that these sequences shared only 77.3 to 79.3% and 62.4 to 68.8% identity, respectively, with BGMV from the Dominican Republic, Honduras, Guatemala, Jamaica (JAM), and PR. Alignment of the M. lathyroides virus CP sequence with other well-studied begomoviruses indicate its closest relative is BGMV-PR (82%) and that it shares less than 73% identity with partial CP sequences of Macroptilium golden mosaic virus-JAM (AF089839, AF089840). The directly repeated CR sequences of the M. lathyroides virus, putatively involved in AC1 binding, are TGGTGACTGGTG and are distinct from TGGAGACTGGAG, the analogous direct repeat in BGMV-PR. We provisionally designate the new, previously undescribed begomovirus species from M. lathyroides, Macroptilium mosaic virus (MaMV). Results indicate MaMV-PR and BGMV are distinct, bean-infecting begomoviruses from the Caribbean and that MaMV-PR may pose a new threat to bean production, particularly where the type B vector is established. References: (1) J. K. Brown and R. Ryan. Phytopathology 81:1217, 1991; (2) A. M. Idris and J. K. Brown. Phytopathology 88:648, 1998.

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Głowacka, Aleksandra. "The influence of strip cropping on the state and degree of weed infestation in dent maize (Zea mays L.), common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), and spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)." Acta Agrobotanica 66, no. 1 (2013): 135–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.5586/aa.2013.015.

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The experiment was conducted in the years 2008–2010 at the Experimental Station of the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences in Zamość, University of Life Sciences in Lublin. The following factors were analysed in the experiment: I. Cultivation method – sole cropping and strip cropping, which consisted in the cultivation of three plants: dent maize, common bean, and spring barley, in adjacent strips with a width of 3.3 m; II. Weed control methods – mechanical and chemical. The subject of the research was weed infestation of the 'Celio' variety of dent maize, the 'Aura' variety of common bean, and the 'Start' variety of spring barley. Weed infestation of the crops was assessed two weeks before harvesting by determining the species composi- tion as well as the number and dry weight of weeds. The dominant weed species in maize, common bean and spring barley were Echinochloa crus-galli, Chenopodium album and Galinsoga parviflora, constituting from 58% to 70% of the total number of weeds. Strip cropping clearly reduced the number of weeds per unit area in all the cultivated species and dry weight of aboveground parts produced by them in common bean and maize crops. The limiting effect of strip cropping on the weed infestation parameters was particularly clear in combination with the mechanical weed control method.

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Lavee, Shimon, Elizabeth Van Volkenburgh, and Robert Cleland E. "LIGHT-STIMULATED LEAF GROWTH ON INTACT AND EXCISED BEAN PLANTS (PHASEOLUS VULGARIS L.) III. EFFECT OF LIGHT INTENSITY." Israel Journal of Plant Sciences 47, no. 4 (May 13, 1999): 231–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07929978.1999.10676778.

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The effect of light intensity on primary bean leaf unfolding and elongation was studied with intact and excised 10-day-old plants grown under red light. Continuous light of 40 μmol; m−2S−1 was enough to induce maximal leaf expansion both on intact and excised bean plants. Lower light intensities had a partial effect. The growth rate during the first 24 h in light was linearly related to light intensity up to 130 μmol; m−2S−1, although this light intensity was already supra-optimal for final leaf size. The minimal amount of light energy needed for full leaf expansion was about 15 mol photons m−2. The mode of light application, level of intensity, and irradiance duration were not critical when the total energy requirement was fulfilled. Under insufficient light applications for full leaf expansion, interrupted irradiance and longer low light intensity application induced leaf elongation more efficiently. Generally, the effect of different white light intensities on primary bean leaf expansion was the same on both intact and excised red-light-grown plants.

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Montalvo-Paquini, Claudia, Raúl Avila-Sosa, Aurelio López-Malo, and Enrique Palou. "Preparation and Characterization of Proteinaceous Films from Seven Mexican Common Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)." Journal of Food Quality 2018 (2018): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/9782591.

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Bean protein concentrate (BPC) as a protein source from seven varieties of Mexican common beans (alubia, flor de mayo, garbancillo, peruano, pinto, mantequilla, and negro) was utilized for formulating edible films (EF). EF were prepared with BPC (3% w/w) and glycerol as a plasticizer by the casting method; their thickness, water content, soluble matter, protein solubility, color, puncture strength, elongation, water vapor permeability (WVP), and chemical properties (Fourier transform infrared, FTIR, and spectroscopy) were evaluated. Tested EF had an average thickness of 0.045±0.001 mm. Good stability was observed since the studied polymers did not exceed 35% of the total soluble matter while protein solubilities were not greater than 3%. EF made from peruano bean protein presented a lower value of total matter solubility (25.38±2.24%) than the other tested EF. A low value of WVP (2.06±0.25×10-10 g m/Pa s m2) was observed in films from negro bean protein, while EF from flor de mayo bean protein exhibited the highest values of puncture strength (17.35±0.82 MPa) and elongation (38.21±0.64%). Most bean protein EF had reddish or brownish color; however, films from alubia and peruano bean proteins displayed light yellowish colors. FTIR spectra of EF revealed that glycerol did not react with the studied bean proteins through covalent bonds.

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22

Mastenitsa, Elena N., and Irina A. Kuklinova. "HOMO MUSEICUS: to the anniversary of Lyudmila Mikhailovna Shlyakhtina." Vestnik of Saint Petersburg State University of Culture, no. 1 (46) (March 2021): 93–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.30725/2619-0303-2021-1-93-99.

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The article is devoted to the scientific and pedagogical activities of the candidate of pedagogical sciences, associate professor of the Department of Museology and Cultural Heritage of St. Petersburg State Institute of Culture, Honored Worker of the Higher School of the Russian Federation L. M. Shlyakhtina. Working at the department since its foundation in 1988, she actively participates in the formation and implementation of educational and scientific strategies of this department of the university. As the author of the training courses «Theoretical problems of museology» and «Museum pedagogy», as well as the developer of innovative disciplines of educational programs in the direction of «Museology and protection of cultural and natural heritage» for bachelor’s and master’s degrees, L. M. Shlyakhtina greatly contributed to the professionalization of museum work in Russia. Analyzing the manuals and scientific works created by her and actively used in the educational process, which have become pivotal studies in the field of theoretical museology, museum pedagogy, museological education, the authors state the great personal contribution of L. M. Shlyakhtina in the formation of the scientific school of museology at SPbGIK and in the scientific and methodological support of the training process for the museum industry.

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SONGA, W., R. J. HILLOCKS, A. W. MWANGO'MBE, R. BURUCHARA, and W. K. RONNO. "SCREENING COMMON BEAN ACCESSIONS FOR RESISTANCE TO CHARCOAL ROT (MACROPHOMINA PHASEOLINA) IN EASTERN KENYA." Experimental Agriculture 33, no. 4 (October 1997): 459–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s001447979700402x.

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Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) germplasm was screened for resistance to charcoal rot (Macrophomina phaseolina) under field conditions at Kiboko and Katumani, eastern Kenya. Of the 313 bean accessions evaluated, 50 lines were resistant and six were tolerant to M. phaseolina, the charcoal rot incidence was less than 25% and between 25% and 50% for the resistant and tolerant lines respectively. Yields ranged from 135 to 1051 kg ha−1 compared with 55 kg for the susceptible control A464. Time to maturity did not seem to influence or affect the susceptibility or resistance to M. phaseolina of the various bean accessions.

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Walse, Spencer S., and Leonel R. Jimenez. "Postharvest Fumigation of Fresh Citrus with Cylinderized Phosphine to Control Bean Thrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae)." Horticulturae 7, no. 6 (June 5, 2021): 134. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae7060134.

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Bean thrips (BT), Caliothrips fasciatus (Pergande), is a pest of concern to certain countries that import fresh citrus fruit from California, USA. A series of laboratory-scale exploratory fumigations with phosphine at 4.9 ± 0.3 °C (mean ± 2 SD; x¯±2s) were conducted to evaluate the postharvest control of adult BT. Models of the duration–mortality response predicted ca. 99% mortality of BT populations when headspace concentrations of phosphine, [PH3], are maintained at levels ≥0.4 g m−3 (250 ppmv (µL L−1)) and ≤1.5 g m−3 (1000 ppmv (µL L−1)) for 12 h, with the duration representing the lower bound of the 95% confidence level (CL). Confirmatory fumigations, each lasting 12 h, were then conducted using BT-infested sweet oranges, Citrus sinensis (L.), at pulp temperature (T) ≤ 5 °C to corroborate the exploratory results. Three formulations of cylinderized phosphine were used: 1.6% phosphine by volume in nitrogen, VAPORPH3OS®, and ECOFUME®, all applied at two levels, ca. 1.5 g m−3 (1000 ppmv (µL L−1)), as well as 0.5 g m−3 (300 ppmv (µL L−1)). Collectively, across the formulations, an applied dose of ca. 1.5 g m−3 (1000 ppmv (µL L−1)) resulted in 0 survivors from 38,993 (probit 8.60, 95% CL; probit 9, 72% CL) treated BT, while an applied dose of 0.5 g m−3 (300 ppmv (µL L−1)) resulted in 0 survivors from 31,204 (probit 8.56, 95% CL; probit 9, 70% CL) treated BT. Results were discussed in the context of commercial and operational features of quarantine and pre-shipment (QPS) uses of phosphine to treat fresh fruit and, specifically, the control of BT in fresh citrus exported from California, USA, to Australia.

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Ross, S. M., J. R. King, C. M. Williams, S. M. Strydhorst, M. A. Olson, C. F. Hoy, and K. J. Lopetinsky. "The effects of three pulse crops on a second subsequent crop." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 95, no. 4 (July 2015): 779–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps-2014-224.

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Ross, S. M., King, J. R., Williams, C. M., Strydhorst, S. M., Olson, M. A., Hoy, C. F. and Lopetinsky, K. J. 2015. The effects of three pulse crops on a second subsequent crop. Can. J. Plant Sci. 95: 779–786. Pulse crops can provide benefits to cropping systems, but few studies follow the effects beyond one subsequent crop. This study investigated the effects of three pulses on 2 yr of subsequent crops at Barrhead and St. Albert in central Alberta. In year 1 (YR1), field pea (Pisum sativum L.), faba bean (Vicia faba L.), lupin (Lupinus angustifolius L.), barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), and canola (Brassica napus L.) were grown without added N. The design included plus N controls, eight different crops in YR2, and barley in YR3. YR1 effects on YR3 barley varied between sites and years, and drought conditions in 2009 affected results. Effects of YR1 faba bean were greater than pea or lupin. Increases in YR3 barley grain yields averaged 11% (0.33 Mg ha–1) and increases in seed N yields averaged 11% (7.2 kg N ha–1) after YR1 faba bean, compared with after YR1 canola or barley without added N (BCO). Increases in YR3 barley grain yields and seed N yields averaged 3 to 5% after YR1 pea or lupin, compared with BCO.YR1 crops had few effects on YR3 barley P uptake. Results indicated that pulse crops can improve the yield and quality of a second subsequent crop.

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Chalifour, François-P., and Louise M. Nelson. "Effects of continuous combined nitrogen supply on symbiotic dinitrogen fixation of faba bean and pea inoculated with different rhizobial isolates." Canadian Journal of Botany 65, no. 12 (December 1, 1987): 2542–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b87-345.

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Combined nitrogen (N) has adverse effects on virtually all stages of the Rhizobium–legume symbiosis. Tolerance to combined N varies among legume hosts and rhizobial isolates, but the contribution of each symbiotic partner is not well established. The effects of combined N were studied in faba bean (Vicia faba L.) and pea (Pisum sativum L.), using the same Rhizobium leguminosarum isolates for both hosts. In one experiment, faba bean and pea were inoculated individually with four rhizobial isolates and grown for 28 days in the continuous presence of 0, 2.5, 5.0, or7.5 mol m−3 NH4NO3. For each isolate, faba bean was consistently more tolerant to combined N than pea as shown by significantly smaller rates of decrease in N2-fixing activity (acetylene reduction) in faba bean than in pea. The results were substantiated by those of a similar experiment in which increasing levels of 15N-labeled [Formula: see text] (5, 10, or 15 mol m−3) were supplied continuously to faba bean and pea inoculated individually with two rhizobial isolates. Comparisons of the different symbioses based on the proportion of total plant N derived from N2 fixation confirmed the conclusions reached using acetylene reduction activities.

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Dintcheva, Tsvetanka, Hriska Boteva, Nasya Tomlekova, and Slavka Kalapchieva. "Selection of perspective early mutant lines of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in drought conditions." Agricultural Sciences 13, no. 30 (September 20, 2021): 46–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.22620/agrisci.2021.30.007.

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In 2020 a field experiment was conducted with mutant lines of common bean from M4 generations at the Maritsa Vegetable Crops Research Institute, Plovdiv. The aim of the study was to determine the productivity of plants in drought conditions. Twenty four mutant lines were studied in two variants: optimal (non-treated) and reduced (treated) irrigation regimes. A description of the mutant lines was made according to the following features: color: coloring of the flag; beans - length without beak; bean shape in cross section (through the seed); beans-basic coloring; flowering time. Phenological data were collected for phenophases: budding, flowering, fruit size, consumption and botanical maturity. At consumption maturity, biometric measurements were made of 5 plants per repetition on the following indicators: fresh weight (g) of a plant; number and fresh mass (g) of green beans per plant; length (cm) and width (cm) of beans, total fresh biomass (g). The highest productivity found among the treated plants in consumption maturity were the early mutant lines M 564-193-9-1-1 and 564-193-9-1-2, followed by M 564-190-1-1-1, M 564-110-1-2, and M 564-191-1-1-2, compared to the parent line L 564 and all the rest of early mutant lines. The treated plants developed the phenophases 7-10 days later than those with optimal watering.

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Nassary, Eliakira Kisetu, Frederick Baijukya, and Patrick Alois Ndakidemi. "Assessing the Productivity of Common Bean in Intercrop with Maize across Agro-Ecological Zones of Smallholder Farms in the Northern Highlands of Tanzania." Agriculture 10, no. 4 (April 8, 2020): 117. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture10040117.

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Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is an important grain legume for food and cash of the smallholder farmers worldwide. However, the total potential benefits to be derived from the common bean as a source of food and income, its complementarities with non-legume food crops, and significance to the environment are underexploited. Intensification of common bean could provide approaches that offer new techniques to better manage and monitor globally complex systems of sustainable food production. Therefore, this study tried to assess the productivity of common bean bushy varieties when are involved as part of an intercrop with maize (Zea mays L.) in varying agro-ecological zones. The factors evaluated were the cropping seasons/years (S) (2015 and 2016), agro-ecological zones (A) above sea level (lower 843 m, middle 1051 m, upper 1743 m), and cropping systems (C) (sole, intercrop). The data collected were the total biomass, number of pods per plant and seeds per pod, 100-seed weight as yield components, and grain yield. Bean and maize grain yields were used to calculate the partial (P) and total land equivalent ratio (LER). Results indicated that the main effects of S, A, C, and the interaction effects of S × A, S × C, S × A × C were significant on bean grain yields. Interactions of S × A × C were also significant on all measured variables. Results also indicated that continuous intercropping of bean with maize over two cropping seasons resulted in the increase of bean grain yields from 1.5 to 2.3 t ha−1 in the lower altitude, 2.0 to 2.3 t ha−1 in the middle altitude, and 1.8 to 2.9 t ha−1 in the upper altitude. Land utilization advantage of intercrops over monocultures yielded a total LER of 1.58, whereas the average partial land equivalent ratio (PLER) of individual beans was 1.53.

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Vinha, Fernando Belezini, Lucas André Genari, Mauricio Bianchi Masson, and Alexandre De Sene Pinto. "Economic injury level of Helicoverpa armigera on bean Phaseolus vulgaris L. seedlings." Scientia Agraria Paranaensis 18, no. 3 (January 21, 2020): 308. http://dx.doi.org/10.18188/sap.v18i3.21783.

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A lagarta Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) chegou ao Brasil em 2012 e vem causando prejuízos severos aos agricultores, especialmente nas culturas do algodão, feijão, milho, soja e tomate nas regiões Norte, Nordeste e Centro-Oeste. Pouco se conhece sobre seus danos às culturas no país e o feijoeiro é uma das culturas menos estudadas dentre as citadas. Portanto, esse trabalho objetivou-se avaliar o nível de dano causado pela lagarta H. armigera de 3º ínstar em plântulas de feijão cv. BRS-Estilo. O ensaio foi semeado em 10/04/2014, em Ribeirão Preto, SP, com espaçamento de 0,5 m e 12 plantas por metro. Em um delineamento em blocos casualizados, as infestações (18/04) de 0 (testemunha), 0,1, 0,2, 0,5 e 1 lagarta por planta foram repetidas quatro vezes, em parcelas de 0,5 m2 cercadas por barreias de PVC de 20 cm de altura e com bordadura de 1 m. Após 1, 3, 7 e 14 dias após a infestação foi avaliada a porcentagem de desfolha. A porcentagem média de desfolha foi proporcional à densidade de lagartas. O nível de dano de lagartas de 3º ínstar de H. armigera é de 1,4 lagartas por planta e, dessa forma, o nível de controle deve ser de 0,7 lagartas por planta de feijoeiro.

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Boersma, J. G., R. L. Conner, P. M. Balasubramanian, A. Navabi, K. Yu, and A. Hou. "Combining resistance to common bacterial blight, anthracnose, and bean common mosaic virus into Manitoba-adapted dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cultivars." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 94, no. 2 (March 2014): 405–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps2013-281.

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Boersma, J. G., Conner, R. L., Balasubramanian, P. M., Navabi, A., Yu, K. and Hou, A. 2014. Combining resistance to common bacterial blight, anthracnose, and bean common mosaic virus into Manitoba-adapted dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cultivars. Can. J. Plant Sci. 94: 405–415. Resistance to common bacterial blight (CBB) is generally absent in dry bean cultivars. In order to transfer CBB resistance into dry bean cultivars grown in Manitoba, crosses were made between CBB-resistant navy bean OAC Rex and susceptible cultivars Black Violet (black bean), AC Pintoba (pinto bean) and Morden003 (an anthracnose-resistant navy bean). The F1 progeny were back-crossed to the recurrent susceptible parents for four generations and selections were made based on inoculation tests and molecular markers. The BC4F3 populations were evaluated in CBB field disease nurseries for 3 yr at Morden, MB, and Harrow, ON. Three of the 114 BC4F3 navy bean lines were shown to have improved resistance to both CBB and anthracnose, whereas approximately 50% of the lines exhibited strong resistance to anthracnose. Meanwhile, 11 black bean and 7 pinto bean lines were selected with resistance to CBB and four of the seven pinto beans were also putatively resistant to bean common mosaic virus (BCMV). There was good agreement between the presence of molecular markers and field resistance to CBB and anthracnose. The resistant lines recovered in this research possess desirable yield potential and seed characteristics, and can be used in crossing for future dry bean improvement.

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Santos, Leonardo Nazário Silva dos, Fábio Ramos Alves, Leônidas Leoni Belan, Pablo Diego Silva Cabral, Frederico de Pina Matta, Waldir Cintra de Jesus Junior, and Willian Bucker de Moraes. "Damage quantification and reaction of bean genotypes (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) to Meloidogyne incognita race 3 and M. javanica." Summa Phytopathologica 38, no. 1 (March 2012): 24–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-54052012000100004.

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The damage and the resistance levels of cultivars and accessions of common beans rescued in the South and mountain regions of Espírito Santo State, Brazil, to M. incognita race 3 and M. javanica parasitism were evaluated under a greenhouse. Four rescued bean genotypes ("FORT-10", "FORT-13", "FORT-16" and "FORT-19") and 2 commercial cultivars: "Pérola", and "Aporé", were tested. The cultivar "Rico-23" was included as standard of susceptibility to nematodes and non-inoculated plants constituted the control. Thus, the experiment was carried out in a completely randomized design in 3 (treatments considering nematodes) x 7 (genotypes and bean cultivars) factorial arrangement, with 7 replicates. Data were measured at 50 days after plant inoculation. For damage quantification, the following variables were evaluated: plant height (PHE), number of nodes (NNO), number of trifoliate leaves (NRT), fresh matter weight (FWE) and dry matter weight (DWE) of shoots, root weight (RWE), number of root nodules (NRO) and final population (FPO) of nematodes per root system. There were no significant differences between the effects caused by M. incognita and M. javanica, but both species showed inferior values of PHE, NNO, NRT, RWE, FWE and DWE compared to controls. Concerning the levels of resistance of bean plants to M. incognita, the genotypes "FORT-10", "FORT-13", "Aporé" and "FORT-16" behaved as moderately resistant, the cultivars "Rico 23" and "Pérola" low resistant, and the genotype "FORT-19" as highly susceptible. When parasitized by M. javanica, the beans "FORT-19", "Rico-23", "FORT-16" and "FORT-13" were low resistant, "Pérola" and "Aporé" susceptible and "FORT-10" highly susceptible.

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Longhi, Joy Ganem, Elisa Perez, Jair José de Lima, and Lys Mary Bileski Cândido. "In vitro evaluation of Mucuna pruriens (L.) DC. antioxidant activity." Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 47, no. 3 (September 2011): 535–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1984-82502011000300011.

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Mucuna pruriens (L). Dc is a plant of the Fabaceae family, commonly known as velvet bean, itchy bean, chiporro bean, mucuna, among others. This plant has several medicinal properties, including its potential to treat Parkinson's disease (PD). International studies have shown that this plant surpasses the benefits of the substance levodopa in the treatment of PD. Taking into account that nerve cells are highly sensitive to oxidative substances, this study evaluated the antioxidant activity of mucuna and compared it to that of levodopa. The plant seeds' phenolic concentration was quantified by using the Folin-Denis reagent and the antioxidant activity assays were performed by using three different methods: the reduction of the phosphomolybdenium complex, the reduction of radical 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH•) and the formation of radical monocation ABTS•+, from the acid [2-2'-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate)]. Results showed that M. pruriens presents high antioxidant capacity, although not superior to isolated levodopa antioxidant capacity. Therefore, further studies should be performed to elucidate the activity of this plant in humans.

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de Oliveira, T. S., L. J. Dallagnol, J. V. de Araujo Filho, F. R. de Castro Moretti, and L. E. A. Camargo. "First Report of Powdery Mildew Caused by Erysiphe platani on Platanus × acerifolia in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil." Plant Disease 99, no. 1 (January 2015): 157. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-07-14-0693-pdn.

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Platanus × acerifolia (Aiton) Willd. (London planetree) is a tree commonly used as an ornamental and in the furniture industry. In the summer of 2013, powdery mildew was observed on shoots of P. × acerifolia plants in the cities of Pelotas and Canela (State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil). Voucher specimens (n = 2) were deposited in the Phytopathological Museum Manoel Alves Oliveira at Federal University of Pelotas. Dense white powdery masses of conidia and mycelium were observed on leaves (abaxial and adaxial surfaces), petioles, and young stems. Leaves with high disease severities (≥70%) were deformed with curved edges to the adaxial side, and they often died. Mycelia were superficial with lobed appressoria. Conidiophores were straight, sometimes curved at the base, unbranched, cylindrical, 98 to 236 μm long (137.3 ± 41.2 μm) and composed of a cylindrical foot cell 49 to 102 μm long (66.9 ± 19.5 μm) and 4.4 to 6.4 μm wide (5.3 ± 0.8 μm) followed by two to four cells. Conidia were produced singly or in short chains (two to three), without distinct fibrosin bodies, ellipsoid to ovoid and measuring 24 to 37 μm long (29.5 ± 3.2 μm) and 12 to 19 μm wide (15.2 ± 1.4 μm), often with a wrinkled appearance. Primary conidia had truncate bases and rounded apex while both base and apex were truncated in secondary conidia. Germ tubes were produced apically (pseudoidium type). Chasmothecia were not observed. Genomic DNA was used to amplify the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region using the ITS1 and ITS4 primers. The resulting sequence (602 bp) was deposited (Accession No. KF499270) in GenBank. BLASTn searches revealed similarity of 100 and 99% with Erysiphe platani from P. orientalis L. (Accession No. JQ365943.1) and P. occidentalis L. (Accession No. JX997805.1), respectively. Phylogenetic analysis placed our sequence in a clade (99% bootstrap support) which included only other E. plantani sequences. In short, morphological and molecular approaches allowed us to identify the infecting fungus as E. platani. For Koch's postulates, 10 detached leaves were inoculated (10 to 15 conidia cm2) on their adaxial surface using an eyelash brush. Non-inoculated leaves served as control. All leaves were kept inside trays with petiole immersed in humidified cotton and maintained at 25 ± 1°C. Symptoms identical to those of the original leaves were observed 6 to 8 days after inoculation, whereas the control leaves remained symptomless. Although E. platani has been previously reported on P. × acerifolia in the city of Poços de Calda, state of Minas Gerais, Brazil (1) and on P. occidentalis in Korea (2), to our knowledge, this is the first record of E. platani on P. × acerifolia in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. References: (1) E. M. Inokuti et al. New Dis. Rep. 15:38, 2007. (2) Y. J. La and H. D. Shin. Plant Dis. 97:843, 2013.

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Zhang, Zhanyuan, A. Mitra, and D. P. Coyne. "Optimization of Parameters Influencing Biolistic DNA Transformation of Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)." HortScience 31, no. 4 (August 1996): 616e—616. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.31.4.616e.

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Optimization of parameters influencing biolistic transformation is a crucial stage towards repeatable transformation of common beans. However, there has been no published study on such optimization of this crop species in a helium particle delivery system (BioRad). Using an intron-containing β-glucuronidase (GUS) gene as a reporter, we optimized several critical parameters of biolistic PDS-1000/He delivery system for common bean transformation. The target explant tissues included cotyledons, zygotic embryos, and meristemic shoot tips suitable for organogenesis. Thus, pretreatment of target tissues with osmotic medium containing 0.15–0.25 m mannitol and 0.15–0.25 m sorbitol, positioning of target tissues in 4 cm microcarrier flying distance, the use of 1.6-μm gold particle and high concentration of coating DNA, and bombardment of young immature tissues twice at 2000 psi, etc., significantly increased transformation rate and achieved the best coverage and penetration of the meristemic areas involved in direct shoot organogenesis.

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Botella, Jose R., Carl D. Schlagnhaufer, Jeannette M. Arteca, Richard N. Arteca, and Allen T. Phillips. "Identification of two new members of the l-aminocyclopropane-l-carboxylate synthase-encoding multigene family in mung bean." Gene 123, no. 2 (January 1993): 249–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0378-1119(93)90132-m.

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Santos, Thais E. M. dos, Edivan R. de Souza, and Abelardo A. A. Montenegro. "Modeling of soil water infiltration with rainfall simulator in different agricultural systems." Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental 20, no. 6 (June 2016): 513–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v20n6p513-518.

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ABSTRACT This study aimed to compare models for predicting soil water infiltration rate and erosive rates using a rainfall simulator in different systems of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cultivation. The evaluated mathematical models were: Kostiakov, Kostiakov-Lewis, Green-Ampt and Horton. Infiltration tests were carried out considering six treatments: bean cultivated on contour with rock barriers spaced at 0.5 m between crop rows (BC1); bean cultivated on contour with rock barriers spaced at 1.0 m between crop rows (BC2); bean cultivated downslope (BDS); bean cultivated on contour with mulch (BCM); bare soil (BS) and soil under natural cover (NC). Four replicates were considered, totaling 24 field tests. Kostiakov-Lewis's equation showed the lowest values of standard error. Soil water infiltration rate was equal to 53.3 mm h-1 in the natural vegetation treatment and to 9.49 mm h-1 in the downslope treatment. Surface roughness and the time of beginning of surface runoff were significantly higher for the conditions with mulch cover.

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PARK, S. J., and B. R. BUTTERY. "NODULATION MUTANTS OF WHITE BEAN (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) INDUCED BY ETHYL-METHANE SULPHONATE." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 68, no. 1 (January 1, 1988): 199–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps88-019.

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Seed of the OAC Rico and Swan Valley cultivars of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) was treated with 0.04 M ethyl-methane sulphonate (EMS). Screening of M2 populations in the presence of 8 mM nitrate + 2 mM ammonium, which substantially inhibited nodulation of the parental cultivars revealed nitrate tolerant supernodulating (ntsn), copious nodulating and non-nodulating mutants. One ntsn mutant from 175 M1 lines of OAC Rico and two ntsn mutants from 467 M1 lines of Swan Valley were obtained. M3 progenies derived from the Rico and the one fertile Swan Valley ntsn-mutants (M2) bred true.Key words: Nodulation, dry edible (navy, common) bean, EMS, Phaseolus vulgaris

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Yamazoe, Sayumi, Koji Hasegawa, Kiyotake Suenaga, and Hideyuki Shigemori. "Growth Inhibitory Polyacetylenes from Galls of Hedera rhombea Bean." Natural Product Communications 1, no. 2 (February 2006): 1934578X0600100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1934578x0600100202.

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Plant growth inhibitory polyacetylenes have been isolated from the insect galls on flower buds of Hedera rhombea Bean (Araliaceae) formed by the ivy flower bud gall midge, Asphondylia sp. (Cecidomyiidae), and their structures elucidated by spectroscopic and chemical means. The EC50 values for roots/hypocotyls growth of cress ( Lepidium sativum L.) seedlings were 7.0×10−5/8.0×10−5 M for ( Z)-8-acetoxy-1,2-epoxy-3-oxoheptadeca-9-ene-4,6-diyne, 9.5×10−5/9.0×10−5 M for ( Z)-8-acetoxy-3-oxoheptadeca-1,9-diene-4,6-diyne, 2.5×10−5/5.5×10−6 M for ( Z)-8-acetoxy-1-methoxy-3-oxoheptadeca-9-ene-4,6-diyne, and 7.5×10−5/2.0×10−6 M for falcarindiol, respectively. On the other hand, 8-acetoxyfalcarinol exhibited lower inhibition on roots and hypocotyls growth. Among these compounds, ( Z)-8-acetoxy-1-methoxy-3-oxoheptadeca-9-ene-4,6-diyne exhibited the strongest inhibitiory effect on root growth of cress seedlings, whereas against hypocotyl growth of cress seedlings, falcarindiol showed the strongest inhibition.

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Ekzayez, A. M., S. G. Kumari, and I. Ismail. "First Report of Wheat dwarf virus and Its Vector (Psammotettix provincialis) Affecting Wheat and Barley Crops in Syria." Plant Disease 95, no. 1 (January 2011): 76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-09-10-0628.

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A field survey covering the major cereal-production areas of Syria was conducted during May 2009. A total of 938 wheat and 971 barley samples with typical symptoms of viral infection were collected from 45 wheat and 58 barley fields. All collected samples were tested by the tissue-blot immunoassay (1) at the Virology Laboratory of ICARDA, Syria using six specific cereal virus antisera, including polyclonal antibody AS-0216 for Wheat dwarf virus (WDV) provided by the German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures (DSMZ). Serological tests showed that WDV was detected in 16 wheat (cv. Cham 8) and five barley (cv. Arabic abiad) samples collected from Al-Hasskah governorate (eastern region of Syria) and showing dwarfing, yellowing, and reduced heading. Samples that reacted with WDV antiserum were transmitted from infected plants to healthy plants of oat (Avena sativa L.), barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), and some grass species using four different leafhopper species, collected from Syrian wheat and barley fields, in a persistent manner. Leafhopper transmission tests indicated that only Psammotettix provincialis Ribaut was able to transmit Syrian barley WDV isolates (SB 1248-09 and SB 1249-09) from infected barley plants to healthy barley (48 plants became infected of 50 plants inoculated) and oats (45 of 50) under greenhouse conditions. The identity of P. provincialis was confirmed by the British Museum. Total DNA was extracted from six WDV-positive samples (three wheat and three barley) and tested by PCR using WDV primer set (WDV-F: 5′-TTGAGCCAATCTTCGTC-3′; WDV-R: 5′-GGAAAGACTTCCTGGGC-3′) described by Oluwafemi (2). All six Syrian WDV-positive samples generated amplicons around the expected size (~253 bp). The amplicons from one isolate from wheat (SW 2131-09, GenBank Accession No. HQ113095) and one isolate from barley (SB 1248-09, GenBank Accession No. HQ113096) showed they had 86% sequence identity with each other, suggesting that both isolates can be considered to belong to the same species (3). Barley isolate SB 1248-09 had 99% sequence identity to an Iranian isolate of Barley dwarf virus (FJ620684.1) and 92% identity to most European barley-WDV isolates (e.g., Germany [AM942044.1] and Hungary [FM999832.1]), whereas, the wheat isolate (SW 2131-09) had 98 to 100% identity with most European wheat-WDV isolates (e.g., Czech Rep [FJ546191.1] and Germany [AM296023.1]) and a Chinese isolate (EF536868.1). WDV has been reported to infect cereals in few countries in West Asia and North Africa (Turkey, Tunisia, and Morocco) and causes economic losses on wheat in many countries in Europe (e.g., Sweden). WDV has been reported to be transmitted in a persistent manner only by leafhoppers (P. alienus Dahlbom) (4) to a wide range of cereal and wild grasses. Two strains of WDV are known, one that primarily infects wheat and another that infects barley. To our knowledge, this is the first record of WDV (both strains) infecting wheat and barley crops in Syria and the first report of P. provincialis as a WDV vector worldwide. References: (1) K. M. Makkouk and A. Comeau. Eur. J. Plant Pathol. 100:71, 1994. (2) S. Oluwafemi. Afr. J. Biotechnol. 5:590, 2006. (3) J. Stanley et al. Page 301 in: The International Committee on the Taxonomy of Viruses. 8th Report. Elsevier/Academic Press, London, 2005. (4) J. Vacke. Biol. Plant. 3:228, 1961.

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GRAF, R. J., and G. G. ROWLAND. "EFFECT OF PLANT DENSITY ON YIELD AND COMPONENTS OF YIELD OF FABA BEAN." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 67, no. 1 (January 1, 1987): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps87-001.

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Field experiments using two Vicia faba L. cultivars, Outlook faba bean and Chinese broad bean, were grown at six densities (13, 25, 38, 50, 63 and 75 plants m−2) at two locations in Saskatchewan for 2 yr. A diminishing yield response to density was observed over this range of densities, with optimal economic seeding densities attained at 38 plants m−2. For the larger-seeded Chinese broad bean, simulations indicated that a lower density of 25 plants m−2 was adequate if the seed cost approached twice that of the product price. Density effects were highly significant (P < 0.01) for all yield components except seed weight in Chinese broad bean and seeds per pod in both cultivars. Of the primary yield components, pods per plant exhibited the greatest sensitivity to changes in plant density, with Outlook faba bean being affected to a much greater extent. The number of pods per pod-bearing node was the major determinant of yield and yield stability in the highly indeterminate Outlook faba bean. The importance of pods per pod-bearing node was reduced in the more determinate Chinese broad bean, where podded nodes per plant showed greater sensitivity to plant density changes. It is suggested that efforts to produce a more determinate cultivar by reducing the number of podded nodes per plant may result in a concomitant stabilization of pods per pod-bearing node.Key words: Vicia faba, yield components, plant density, faba bean, seeding rate

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Candra, Robi, Sumardi Sumardi, and Hermansyah Hermansyah. "PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL EMPAT VARIETAS TANAMAN KACANG HIJAU (Vigna radiata L.) PADA PEMBERIAN DOSIS PUPUK KANDANG AYAM DI TANAH ULTISOL." Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia 22, no. 2 (December 3, 2020): 136–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.31186/jipi.22.2.136-143.

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[GROWTH AND YIELD OF FOUR VARIETIES OF MUNG BEAN (Vigna radiata L.) PLANT ON DOSING OF CHICKEN MANURE FERTILIZER IN ULTISOL]. Ultisols generally have less favorable physical, chemical, and biological properties. Chicken manure is believed to be able to improve soil structure, increase water holding capacity, increase soil pH, increase cation exchange capacity, increase soil biological activity, and facilitate root penetration. This study aims to determine the optimum dose of chicken manure in increasing the growth and yield of four mung bean varieties in Ultisol. This research was conducted using a split-plot design. The doses of chicken manure (0 tons/ha, 10 tons/ha, 20 tons/ha, and 30 tons/ha) were placed in the main plots and mung bean varieties (Vima-1, Vima-2, Kutilang, and Murai) as children. plots with experimental plot units measuring 1 m x 2 m. This study aims to obtain the optimum dose of chicken manure on four varieties of mung bean plants and to find the varieties that have the best growth and yield of green bean plants in Ultisol. The results showed that the highest weight of 100 seeds was obtained from the Kutilang variety which was given chicken manure of 21.34 tons/ha with a maximum weight of 100 seeds of 8.82 g. The highest yield of seed/plant weight was obtained from the application of chicken manure 19.61 tons/ha with a yield of 15.43 g. Kutilang variety is the best variety compared to other varieties, with yields of seed weight/plant of 12 g.

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Kaçan, Koray. "EFFECT OF DIFFERENT CROP ROTATIONS ON WEED INFESTATION AND YIELD OF SILAGE MAIZE (Zea mays L.) AND MUSKMELON (Cucumis melo L.) IN ORGANIC CULTIVATION." Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Hortorum Cultus 18, no. 1 (February 19, 2019): 23–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.24326/asphc.2019.1.3.

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In our study, we investigated how crop rotation of a spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.), broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica), vetch (Vicia sativa L.) and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) mixture and faba bean (Vicia faba L.) with maize (Zea mays L.) and muskmelon (Cucumis melo L.) products affected the weed density and coverage area in organic crop production. The weed coverage areas and densities (weeds m–2) of summer crops produced in rotation with winter crops were compared with those of control plots in the experimental area. As a result of this comparison, the most effective winter crops for reducing weed density in silage maize were found to be broccoli (50.4%), barley + vetch (48.3%) and faba bean (45.3%). When the effect of winter crops on weeds in terms of muskmelon production was examined, barley + vetch (53.2%), broccoli (36.1%) and faba bean (33.4%) were found to reduce the density of weeds. In contrast, the application of barley + vetch (67.0%), faba bean (65.3) and broccoli (62.0%) was the most effective applications for the muskmelon product in terms of weed coverage area; spinach (24.7%) and constantly weedless (16.8%) applications were less effective. When the silage maize and muskmelon yield results were examined, it was determined that yield differences were statistically significant. It was also determined that the highest yield was obtained from the barley + vetch rotations. This application effectiveness was followed by that of the faba bean, constantly weedless, broccoli and spinach applications. Novelty statement. Recently, non-chemical applications have been considered for weed control due to growing concerns about herbicide resistance and chemical residues in the environment. Moreover, organic crop systems are gradually developing. One of the options for weed control in organic farming is crop rotation. In this study, we found that crop rotations controlled weeds effectively in organic farming.

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BALLANTYNE, L. A., C. L. LAMBKIN, J. Z. HO, W. F. A. JUSOH, B. NADA, S. NAK-EIAM, A. THANCHAROEN, W. WATTANACHAIYINGCHAROEN, and V. YIU. "The Luciolinae of S. E. Asia and the Australopacific region: a revisionary checklist (Coleoptera: Lampyridae) including description of three new genera and 13 new species." Zootaxa 4687, no. 1 (October 18, 2019): 1–174. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4687.1.1.

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This overview of the Luciolinae addresses the fauna of S. E. Asia including India, Sri Lanka, China, Japan, Malaysia, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, Vietnam, Indonesia, the Philippines, the Republic of Palau, Federated States of Micronesia, and the Australopacific area of Australia, Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands, New Caledonia, Vanuatu and Fiji.Of the 28 genera now recognised in the Luciolinae we address 27 genera from the study area as defined above, including three new genera which are described herein, and 222 species including 13 species newly described herein. Photuroluciola Pic from Madagascar is the only Luciolinae genus not addressed here. A key to genera is presented. Keys to species are either included here or referenced in existing literature. Twelve genera have had no new taxonomic decisions made nor are any new species records listed, and are addressed in an abbreviated fashion, with short diagnoses and plates of features of life stages: Aquatica Fu et al. 2010, Australoluciola Ballantyne 2013, Convexa Ballantyne 2009, Emeia Fu et al. 2012a, Inflata Boontop 2015, Lloydiella Ballantyne 2009, Missimia Ballantyne 2009, Pteroptyx Olivier 1902, Pyrophanes Olivier 1885, Sclerotia Ballantyne 2016, Triangulara Pimpasalee 2016, and Trisinuata Ballantyne 2013. Abscondita Ballantyne 2013 contains 8 species, and includes new records for Abs. anceyi (Olivier 1883), Abs. chinensis (L.) (which is newly synonymised with Luciola succincta Bourgeois), Abs. terminalis (Olivier 1883) including a first record from both Laos and Thailand, and Abs. perplexa (Walker 1858). Luciola pallescens Gorham 1880 is transferred to Abscondita and the pronotal colour range is addressed from a wide range of localities. Abs. berembun Nada sp. nov. and Abs. jerangau Nada sp. nov. are described from Malaysia. Hooked bursa plates are described for pallescens and berembun. Aquilonia Ballantyne 2009 is expanded to include 3 species. Gilvainsula Ballantyne 2009, represented by two species from the south eastern coast of New Guinea is synonymised under Aquilonia Ballantyne 2009, which is briefly redescribed and keyed from: Aquil. costata (Lea) from northern Australia, including many new records, Aquil. messoria (Ballantyne) comb. nov. and Aquil. similismessoria (Ballantyne) comb. nov. Asymmetricata Ballantyne 2009 now includes 4 species. As. bicoloripes (Pic 1927) comb. nov. and As. humeralis (Walker 1858) comb. nov. are transferred from Luciola, with L. doriae Olivier 1885, L. impressa Olivier 1910b and L. notatipennis Olivier 1909a newly synonymised with As. humeralis. Luciola aemula Olivier 1891 is synonymised with As. ovalis (Hope 1831). The variation in the extent of the anterior median emargination of the light organ in ventrite 7, and the possibility of a bipartite light organ in males of As. circumdata (Motsch. 1854) is explored. Females of both As. circumdata and As. ovalis (Hope 1831) are without bursa plates and the distinctively shaped median oviduct plate in each is described. Records from Thailand are recorded for both As. circumdata and As. ovalis. Atyphella Olliff 1890 now contains 28 species with 4 transferred from other genera, and one new species: Aty. abdominalis (Olivier 1886) comb. nov. and Aty. striata (Fabricius 1801) comb. nov. are transferred from Luciola, with Aty. carolinae Olivier 1911b and Aty. rennellia (Ballantyne 2009) comb. nov. transferred from Magnalata Ballantyne 2009. Atyphella telokdalam Ballantyne sp. nov. from Indonesia is described herein. Atyphella is now known from records in the Philippines and Indonesia as well as Australia and New Guinea. Colophotia Motschulsky 1853 is considered here from seven species for which intact types can be located for three. An abbreviated revision based on the United States National Museum collection only is presented, with specimens of C. bakeri Pic 1924, C. brevis Olivier 1903a, C. plagiata (Erichson 1834) and C. praeusta (Eschscholtz 1822) redescribed, using where possible features of males, females and larvae. Colophotia particulariventris Pic 1938 is newly synonymised with C. praeusta. Colophotia miranda Olivier 1886 and L. truncata Olivier 1886 are treated as species incertae sedis. Curtos Motschulsky 1845 includes 19 species with suggestions made, but not yet formalised, for the possible transfer of the following seven species from Luciola: Luciola complanata Gorham 1895, L. costata Pic 1929, L. delauneyi Bourgeois 1890, L. deplanata Pic 1929, L. extricans Walker 1858, L. multicostulata Pic 1927 and L. nigripes Gorham 1903. Curtos is not revised here. Emarginata Ballantyne gen nov. is described for E. trilucida (Jeng et al. 2003b) comb. nov., transferred from Luciola and characterised by the emarginated elytral apex. An extended range of specimens from Thailand is listed. Kuantana Ballantyne gen. nov. from Selangor, Malaysia is described from K. menayah gen. et sp. nov. having bipartite light organs in ventrite 7 and an asymmetrical tergite 8 which is not emarginated on its left side. Female has no bursa plates. Luciola Laporte 1833 s. stricto as defined by a population of the type species Luciola italica (L. 1767) from Pisa, Italy, is further expanded and considered to comprise the following19 species: L. antipodum (Bourgeois 1884), L. aquilaclara Ballantyne 2013, L. chapaensis Pic 1923 which is synonymised with L. atripes Pic 1929, L. curtithorax Pic 1928, L. filiformis Olivier 1913c, L. horni Bourgeois 1905, L. hypocrita Olivier 1888, L. italica (L. 1767), L. kagiana Matsumura 1928, L. oculofissa Ballantyne 2013, L. pallidipes Pic 1928 which is synonymised with L. fletcheri Pic 1935, L. parvula Kiesenwetter 1874, L. satoi Jeng & Yang 2003, L. tuberculata Yiu 2017, and two species treated as near L. laticollis Gorham 1883, and near L. nicollieri Bugnion 1922. The following are described as new: L. niah Jusoh sp. nov., L. jengai Nada sp. nov. and L. tiomana Ballantyne sp. nov. Luciola niah sp. nov. female has two wide bursa plates on each side of the bursa. Luciola s. lato (as defined here) consists of 36 species. Twenty-seven species formerly standing under Luciola have been assigned to other genera or synonymised. Seven species are recommended for transfer to Curtos, and 32 species now stand under species incertae sedis. Magnalata Ballantyne is reduced to the type species M. limbata and redescribed. Medeopteryx Ballantyne 2013 is expanded to 20 species with the addition of two new combinations, Med. semimarginata (Olivier 1883) comb. nov. and Med. timida (Olivier 1883) comb. nov., both transferred from Luciola, and one new species, Med. fraseri Nada sp. nov. from Malaysia. The range of this genus now extends from Australia and the island of New Guinea to SE Asia. Medeopteryx semimarginata females have wide paired bursa plates. Pygoluciola Wittmer 1939 now includes 19 species with 5 new species: P. bangladeshi Ballantyne sp. nov., P. dunguna Nada 2018, P. matalangao Ballantyne sp. nov. (scored by the code name ‘Jeng Matalanga’ in Ballantyne & Lambkin 2013), P. phupan Ballantyne sp. nov. and P. tamarat Jusoh sp. nov. Six species are transferred from Luciola: P. abscondita (Olivier 1891) comb. nov., P. ambita (Olivier 1896) comb. nov., P. calceata (Olivier 1905) comb. nov., P. insularis (Olivier 1883) comb. nov., P. nitescens (Olivier 1903b) comb. nov. and P. vitalisi (Pic 1934) comb. nov., and redescribed from males, and includes female reproductive anatomy for P. nitescens comb. nov. and P. dunguna, both of which have hooked bursa plates. Serratia Ballantyne gen. nov. is erected for S. subuyania gen. et sp. nov. and characterised by the serrate nature of certain antennal flagellar segments in the male. The following 37 species listed under species incertae sedis are further explored: Colophotia miranda Olivier 1886, Lampyris serraticornis Boisduval 1835, Luciola angusticollis Olivier 1886, L. antennalis Bourgeois 1905, L. antica (Boisduval 1835), L. apicalis (Eschscholtz 1822), L. aurantiaca Pic 1927, L. bicoloriceps Pic 1924, L. binhana Pic 1927, L. bourgeoisi Olivier 1895, L. dilatata Pic 1929, L. exigua (Gyllenhall 1817), L. exstincta Olivier 1886, L. fissicollis Fairmaire 1891, L. flava Pic 1929, L. flavescens (Boisduval 1835), L. fukiensis Pic 1955, L. immarginata Bourgeois 1890, L. incerta (Boisduval 1835), L. infuscata (Erichson 1834), L. intricata (Walker 1858), L. japonica (Thunberg 1784), L. klapperichi Pic 1955, L. lata Olivier 1883, L. limbalis Fairmaire 1889, L. marginipennis (Boisduval 1835), L. melancholica Olivier 1913a, L. robusticeps Pic 1928, L. ruficollis (Boisduval 1835), L. spectralis Gorham 1880, L. stigmaticollis Fairmaire 1887, L. tincticollis Gorham 1895, L. trivandrensis Raj 1947, L. truncata Olivier 1886, L. vittata (Laporte 1833) Pteroptyx atripennis Pic 1923 and P. curticollis Pic 1923. While phylogenetic analyses indicate their distinctiveness, no further taxonomic action is taken with Luciola cruciata Motschulsky 1854 and L. owadai Sâtô et Kimura 1994 from Japan given the importance of the former as a national icon. Analyses also indicate that Lampyroidea syriaca Costa 1875 belongs in Luciola s. str. A much wider taxonomic analysis of this genus including all the species is necessary before any further action can be taken.

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García, Mynor Efraín Munguía, Enayra Silva Sousa, Jayara Dayany da Costa Silva, Maruzanete Pereira de Melo, José Monteiro da Mota, Antônio Dias de Almeida Neto, Regina Lúcia Ferreira Gomes, and José Evando Aguiar Beserra Jr. "Reaction of lima bean genotypes to Macrophomina phaseolina." Summa Phytopathologica 45, no. 1 (March 2019): 11–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0100-5405/185340.

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ABSTRACT Charcoal rot, caused by Macrophomina phaseolina, is an important disease of lima bean (Phaseolus lunatus L.) in the Northeast of Brazil. Considering that there are no reports of resistance to this disease in Brazil, 37 lima bean accessions were evaluated for their resistance reaction and resistance stability against isolates of M. phaseolina in two periods of the year (February-March and July-August 2016), with the aim of selecting genotypes with the potential for use in the management of this disease. Seeds were inoculated at sowing, using rice grains with husk that were colonized by the pathogen. The evaluations of genotypes were carried out at every five days, from the tenth day after sowing, using a score scale and dividing them into six reaction classes. From a population of 37 accessions of P. lunatus, no immunity reaction to M. phaseolina was seen; however, thirteen accessions presented the lowest severity levels and greatest stability in the two seasons: UFPI 892, UFPI 908 and UFPI 905, which were considered resistant to the isolate COUFPI 06. The resistance reaction of accessions considered resistant varied depending on the isolate of M. phaseolina. Accession UFPI 908 expressed the most promising results for resistance and stability of resistance against the isolates COUFPI 06, COUFPI 08 and COUFPI 10. Therefore, accession UFPI 908 constitutes a promising source of resistance to M. phaseolina, making possible its use in breeding programs and in integrated management of charcoal rot.

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ABLETT, GARY. "EFFECT OF SEEDING RATE AND HARVEST METHOD ON AGRONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF WHITE BEAN." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 68, no. 3 (July 1, 1988): 801–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps88-094.

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Kentwood white bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) was sown at three seeding rates in narrow rows for 4 yr With direct-harvesting, yields increased as seeding rates increased up to 64 seeds m−2, whereas, with hand-harvesting seed yield was not affected. Seed quality was superior in the direct-harvested plots; however, yield was lower. Seed size was not affected.Key words: White bean, narrow-row, yield, seed quality

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Balasubramanian, P. M., R. L. Conner, D. L. McLaren, S. Chatterton, and A. Hou. "Partial resistance to white mould in dry bean." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 94, no. 4 (May 2014): 683–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps2013-312.

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Balasubramanian, P. M., Conner, R. L., McLaren, D. L., Chatterton, S. and Hou, A. 2014. Partial resistance to white mould in dry bean. Can. J. Plant Sci. 94: 683–691. White mould, caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary, is a constraint on dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) production across Canada. Under high disease pressure, dry bean cultivars succumb to the disease resulting in a severe loss of seed yield and quality. Disease development is highly influenced by environmental conditions. In the absence of complete resistance to white mould, dry bean cultivars with both field resistance (avoidance) and physiological resistance would be preferred by growers in order to reduce disease risk and production costs. The objective of this study was to characterize select dry bean genotypes for field resistance to white mould in inoculated disease nurseries, and physiological resistance in a controlled environment. White mould ratings ranged from moderately susceptible to susceptible. Dry bean cultivars lacked both field resistance and physiological resistance. Germplasm lines I9365-25, G122, A 195 and I9635-31 had low disease severity ratings (5.1 to 5.6 at 26 d after inoculation using a 1 to 9 visual disease rating scale) in controlled environment indicating physiological resistance. L 192, MO162, 92BG-7 and OAC Rico also had acceptable levels of physiological resistance (severity ratings of 5.8 to 6.2 at 26 d after inoculation). G122, A 195, L 192 and MO 162 had low white mould disease incidences (16 to 25%) in the field over 4 yr indicating field resistance to white mould. These genotypes may be used as parents in the development of dry bean cultivars with enhanced resistance to white mould.

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GHAMARI, Hossein, and Goudarz AHMADVAND. "Growth Analysis of Dry Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in Different Weed Interference Situations." Notulae Scientia Biologicae 5, no. 3 (August 1, 2013): 394–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/nsb539052.

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In production agriculture, weed plants play an important role in yield reduction. Analysis of crop growth can reveal underlying processes of yield loss under weed interference conditions. Therefore, an experiment was conducted in 2011 in order to assess the effect of weed competition on different aspects of dry bean growth. The experiment was a randomized complete block design with 3 replications. Treatments included weed-infested and weed-free periods until 0, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 days after crop emergence. Aboveground dry matter and leaf area were measured every two weeks. The functional approach to growth analysis was used to examine temporal patterns in crop growth in weed interference conditions. A negative relationship between weed biomass and dry bean growth indexes was observed. In all treatments, crop biomass had a similar trend and progressively increased over the crop cycle, then after reaching the maximum amount, gradually decreased. The lowest crop biomass (676.60 g m-2) was observed in season-long weed-infested treatment, while the maximum one (1238.82 g m-2) was recorded in season-long weed-free treatment. Relative growth rate (RGR) and net assimilation rate (NAR) had a declining trend during the growing season. Increase in weed-infested periods intensified decrease of them. Effect of weed competition on crop growth was trifle at the early of growing season. Since NAR and RGR represent photosynthesis potential and dry matter accumulation of the crop, their reduction can be the main cause of yield loss.

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48

McVETTY, P. B. E., L. E. EVANS, and J. NUGENT-RIGBY. "RESPONSE OF FABA BEAN (Vicia faba L.) TO SEEDING DATE AND SEEDING RATE." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 66, no. 1 (January 1, 1986): 39–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps86-005.

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Three faba bean cultivars, Aladin, Herz Freya and Outlook were seeded at three dates (25 Apr, 9 May and 23 May), and at four rates (50%, 75%, 100% and 125% of the recommended rate of 46 plants m−2) atone location (Winnipeg) for 2 yr (1983, 1984). Analysis of variance for yield indicated that both seeding date and seeding rate were very highly significant (P = 0.001). The early seeding date resulted in significantly higher yield and total dry matter and the greatest number of pods per plant. The 50% seeding rate resulted in significantly lower yield and total dry matter, but the highest seed weight and the greatest number of pods per plant, as well as the greatest number of days to maturity. The 75%, 100% and 125% seeding rates resulted in equivalent yield and total dry matter, but significantly fewer pods per plant and reduced seed weight as seeding rate increased. Increased seeding rate partially compensated for delayed seeding. Yield reductions of almost 1% a day for each day delay in seeding for the first 2-wk delay and almost 2% a day for each day delay in seeding for the second 2-wk delay were obtained in this study. It is concluded that seeding as early as possible at 75% of the present recommended seeding rate of 46 plants m−2 should maximize return on seeding cost to the grower.Key words: Total dry matter, harvest index, yield components, protein, density effects, faba bean

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49

Mekuria, Daniel Bisrat, Takehiro Kashiwagi, Shin-ichi Tebayashi, and Chul-Sa Kim. "Cucurbitane Glucosides from Momordica charantia Leaves as Oviposition Deterrents to the Leafminer, Liriomyza trifolii." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C 61, no. 1-2 (February 1, 2006): 81–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znc-2006-1-215.

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Abstract The American serpentine leaf mining fly, Liriomyza trifolii, whose larva feeds on more than 120 plant species is well characterized by its high degree of polyphagy. Observations on the oviposition behavior by L. trifolii demonstrated that among cucurbitaceous plants, Momordica charantia is rarely attacked by L. trifolii. The methanol extract of M. charantia leaves strongly deterred the females from ovipositing on kidney bean leaves treated at a concentration of 1 g leaf equivalent extract/ml. Analysis of the polar fraction of the methanol extract of M. charantia leaves resulted in the isolation of a novel cucurbitane glucoside, 7-O- β-ᴅ-glucopyranosyl-3,23-dihydroxycucurbita-5,24-dien-19-al, named momordicine IV, along with another known compound, momordicine II. Momordicine II and IV deterred oviposition by L. trifolii significantly when bioassays were carried out on kidney bean leaves treated at 75.6 and 20.3 μg/cm2 leaf surface, respectively. There was no synergistic effect on oviposition deterrent when the two compounds were combined in their natural abundance

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50

Calvache, M., K. Reichardt, O. O. S. Bacchi, and D. Dourado-Neto. "Deficit irrigation at different growth stages of the common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L., cv. Imbabello)." Scientia Agricola 54, spe (June 1997): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-90161997000300002.

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To identify specific growth stages of the common bean crop at which the plant is less sensitive to water stress, in which irrigation could be omitted without significant decrease hi final yield, two field experiments were conducted at "La Tola" University Experimental Station, Tumbaco, Pichincha, Ecuador, on a sandy loam soil (Typic Haplustoll). The climate is tempered and dry (mean air temperature 16°C and mean relative humidity 74%, during the cropping season) 123 and 109 mm of rainfall were recorded during the experimental cropping periods (July to October), of 1992 and 1994, respectively. The treatments consisted of combinations of 7 irrigation regimes including normal watering; full stress; (traditional management practice); single stress at vegetative stage; flowering; seed formation and ripening, and of 2 levels of applied N (20 and 80 kg/ha). These 14 treatment combinations were arranged and analysed in a split-plot design with 4 replications. The plot size was 33.6 m² (8 rows, 7 m long) with a plant population of 120,000 pl/ha. Irrigation treatments were started after uniform germination and crop establishment Soil water content was monitored with a neutron probe down to 0.50 m depth, before and 24 h after each irrigation. The actual evapotranspiration of the crop was estimated by the water-balance technique. Field water efficiency and crop water use efficiency were calculated. Yield data showed that the treatments which had irrigation deficit had lower yield than those that had supplementary irrigation. The flowering stage was the most sensitive to water stress. Nitrogen fertilization significantly increased the number of pods and gram yield. Crop water use efficiency (kg/m³) was the lowest with stress at the flowering period, and the yield response factor (Ky) was higher hi treatments of full stress and stress at flowering. In relation to the traditional management practice adopted by farmers, only treatments of normal watering and stress at maturation had 13 and 10% higher crop water use efficiency, respectively.

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