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Huynh, Huy. "Role of IgG1 M3R autoantibodies in secretory dysfunction of Sjögren's syndrome." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2009. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0024871.
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Free, Nicole Lynn. "HI in the M31/M33 Environment." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1288384890.
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Peterson, Karen R. "Expression of the murine chromobox-containing genes M31 and M32." Thesis, McGill University, 1995. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=29110.
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Somatically heritable change in regional chromatin structure leading to transcriptional inactivation is observed in a variety of organisms. Euchromatic and heterochromatic domains have been proposed to be formed and maintained by the action of nonhistone chromosomal proteins that either bind directly to DNA or are members of chromatin binding protein complexes. The nonhistone chromosomal proteins M31 and M32 are candidate inducer or maintenance genes of repressed chromatin states in the mouse. I have investigated M31 gene organization and M31 and M32 gene expression to further examine the possible role of these genes in the formation or maintenance of heterochromatic domains. Investigation of the organization of the M31 gene reveals that at least five M31 transcripts are produced by alternative splicing of 9 exons and/or premature termination with polyadenylation. Several transcripts are present before cytologically visible heterochromatin is detected, suggesting that the products of these transcripts have a role in the formation of heterochromatic domains. M32 produces only one transcript whose tissue pattern of expression is similar to that of M31.
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Simbrunner, Philipp, and Bodo B. Schlegelmilch. "Moral licensing: a culture-moderated meta-analysis." Springer, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11301-017-0128-0.
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Moral licensing is a cognitive bias, which enables individuals to behave immorally without threatening their self-image of being a moral person. We investigate this phenomenon in a cross-cultural marketing context. More specifically, this paper addresses the questions (i) how big moral licensing effects typically are and (ii) which factors systematically influence the size of this effect. We approach these questions by conducting a meta-analysis and a meta-regression. Based on a random effects model, the point estimate for the generalized effect size Cohen's d is 0.319 (SE = 0.046; N = 106). Results of a meta-regression advance theory, by showing for the first time that both cultural background and type of comparison explain a substantial amount of the total variation of the effect size of moral licensing. Marketing practitioners wishing to capitalize on moral licensing effects should therefore consider cross-cultural difference, since marketing measures building on this effect may lead to different revenues in different countries.
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Baluchova´, Katari´na. "In vitro and in vivo studies of murine cytomegalovirus mutated in M34 and M35 ORFs." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.408937.
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Cytomegalovirus is an important human pathogen causing life-threatening and debilitating disorders in some immunocompromised individuals. This double-stranded DNA betaherpesvirus is one of the largest and most complex viruses which establishes latency in the host. Treatment available for symptomatic patients is limited and development of new antiviral strategies is highly desired. Understanding of the virulence and pathogenesis of HCMV requires functional analysis of at least 164 gene products. Due to the species-specificity of HCMV and its inability to replicate in animals, functional analysis of HCMV encoded gene products relies on studies of animal CMVs in their natural hosts. Murine CMV (MCMV) shares a high degree of sequence homology with HCMV and has a similar biology in causing acute and latent infection and disease in mice. Analysis of gene function became more practical with the availability of MCMV cloned into a bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) plasmid. Phenotypic characterisation of recombinant viruses disrupted in the M34 or M35 ORF, the homologues of HCMV UL34 and UL35 ORF respectively, is presented here. Infectious viruses reconstructed from the mutated BAC plasmids, the mM34 and mM35, had the expected genome rearrangements as indicted by restriction enzyme analysis, PCR and partial sequencing. In vitro, mM34 and mM35 viruses were attenuated in their replication when inoculated at a low and a high multiplicity of infection when compared to the parental virus. Similarly, these viruses were severely restricted in their replication in immunodeficient SCID mice and did not kill mice up to 28 days post-inoculation. Comparison of the predicted M34 and M35 gene products with related betaherpesviruses suggests that the M34 protein plays a role in transcriptional regulation of viral replication and the M35 protein is a component of the tegument.
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Yan, Fan. "Theoretically total bandwidth conserving locality in Distributed Storage System." Thesis, KTH, Kommunikationsteori, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-160952.
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Distributed storage systems provide fast and reliable access to data by intro- ducing redundancy for stored les. The most common approach of adding re- dundant information is by repetition and erasure codes. Two main processes in a distributed storage system are reconstruction of original le and regenerat- ing a new node. These two processes require bandwidth, which are termed as reconstruction-bandwidth and repair-bandwidth. The current literature treat- s these two processes separately. That is, there are methods to reduce the reconstructing bandwidth without considering the repair-bandwidth, and also there are methods to reduce the repair-bandwidth. We study these two pro- cesses together and try to jointly minimize the reconstruction-bandwidth and repair-bandwidth. We observe a method that has the minimum reconstruction- bandwidth might have large amount of repair-bandwidth and vice versa. We propose codes which minimizes the sum of the repair-bandwidth and reconstruction- bandwidth. The main contribution of this thesis is nding an value of repair locality r (number of nodes connected during node repair) and devising two coding meth- ods in which total bandwidth approximates to be half reduced compared with MSR and MBR when k ! 1 under the condition that 1 6 r 6 k.
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Marin, Matthieu. "Xénobiotique et détoxication cellulaire : couplage d'un mécanisme de détoxication cellulaire de type MDR/MXR à des courants chlorures osmorégulés." Le Havre, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005LEHA0055.
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Parmi les acteurs moléculaires de la détoxication, les P-glycoprotéines (P-gp) constituent une première barrière refoulant des composés variés hors de la cellule. Ces protéines ont été initialement identifiées dans des tumeurs néoplasiques (phénotype MDR, Multi Drug Resistance). Ce concept a par la suite été étendu à la notion de phénotype MXR (Multi Xenobiotic Resistance), ensemble de mécanismes de défense des organismes contre les xénobiotiques. Dans les années 90, des travaux ont suggéré l'existence d'un dialogue entre l'activité MXR et la régulation du volume cellulaire. Le but de ce travail est de mettre en évidence les interactions entre les canaux chlorures osmorégulés et les mécanismes de détoxication MDR/MXR. Notre stratégie consiste à comparer les mécanismes MXR er MDR en terme d'activité enzymatique, de régulation, de viabilité/survie cellulaire et de modulation des courants osmorégulés, dans des cellules MCF-7, exprimant ou non la P-gp et des cellules de moule bleueAmong the molecular actors of cellular detoxification, P-glycoproteins (P-gp) represent a first line of defense against various toxic compounds. These proteins were first identified in neoplastic tumors (MDR phenotype, Multi Drug Resistance). This concept was the enlarged to MXR phenotype (Multi Xenobiotic Resistance), a set of defense mechanisms against toxins in aquatic organisms. In 90's, studies proposed that MXR was coupled to volume regulation. The aim of the study was to highlight cross regulations between osmoregulated chloride channels and MXR-MDR mechanisms in terms of enzymatic activity, regulation, cell viability and modulation of osmoregulated chloride currents, in MCF-7 cell line, expressing or not P-gp, and in primary-cultured cells of the blue mussel
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Lindström, Agnes, and Viktor Andersson. "Att vaccinera eller inte vaccinera sitt barn mot mässling-påssjuka-röda hund : Faktorer som påverkar föräldrars beslut - En systematisk litteraturöversikt." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för folkhälso- och vårdvetenskap, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-270901.
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Bakgrund: Vaccinationstäckning är ett av de viktigaste och mest kostnadseffektiva sättet att förbättra den globala folkhälsan. Trots det uppfattas vacciner som osäkert och onödigt av allt fler individer. Försämrad vaccinationstäckning påverkar flockimmuniteten med ökad risk för nya sjukdomsutbrott och epidemier. Syfte: Syftet var att undersöka och sammanställa den vetenskapliga litteraturen om vilka faktorer som påverkar vårdnadshavarnas beslut att vaccinera eller inte vaccinera sina barn mot mässling-påssjuka-röda hund (MPR). Metod: Systematisk litteraturöversikt där totalt tio vetenskapliga artiklar ligger till grund för resultatet. The Health Belief Model har använts som teoretisk utgångspunkt. Resultat: Flera faktorer var viktiga för föräldrars beslut om vaccination. Fem faktorer identifierades som påverkar föräldrar att inte vaccinera sina barn: att föredra naturlig immunisering, rädsla för biverkningar, rädsla för vaccinet, misstro till myndigheter och förebygga sjukdom genom livsstil. Fyra faktorer som påverkar föräldrar att låta vaccinera sina barn identifierades: att undvika sjukdom, värna om flockimmunitet, fördelar överväger nackdelar samt kunskap och information om sjukdomarna och vaccinet. I resultatet identifierades också ett bifynd, att låta barnets immunsystem mogna innan vaccination. Både föräldrar som vaccinerade och inte vaccinerade sina barn tyckte att det fanns för lite information om vaccinet och dess biverkningar. Slutsats: Flera faktorer påverkar föräldrars beslut om vaccination för sina barn mot MPR. Både föräldrar som vaccinerar och inte vaccinerar sina barn tycker informationen om vaccin och dess biverkningar är för knapphändig och svårtillgänglig. Det är viktigt som sjuksköterska att ha kunskap om vilka faktorer som påverkar föräldrars beslut för att kunna bemöta föräldrars oro och bistå med adekvat och evidensbaserad information.Background: Vaccination coverage is one of the most important and cost-effective ways to improve global health. Despite this more and more people feel uncertain about vaccinations. Impaired vaccination coverage affects the herd immunity and leads to an increased risk of disease outbreaks and epidemics. Aim: The aim of this study was to examine which factors influence parents’ decisions regarding vaccination of their children against measles-mumps-rubella (MMR). Method: A systematic review where the result is based on ten scientific articles. The Health Belief Model was used as theoretical framework. Results: Several factors were important for the decision to vaccinate or not. Five factors were identified among parents not vaccinating: to prefer natural immunization, fear of side effects, fear of the vaccine, mistrust in the authorities and prevent disease through lifestyle. While four factors were identified among parents vaccinating: to prevent disease, to protect the herd immunity, the advantages outweigh disadvantages, and knowledge and information about the disease and the vaccine. In addition, the finding, to let the child's immune system mature before vaccination was identified. Both parents who accept vaccination and parents who decline vaccination of their children considered the information about the vaccine inadequate. Conclusion: Several factors influence parents’ decision regarding vaccination of their children against MMR. Both parents who accept vaccination and parents who decline vaccination of their children consider the information about the vaccine and its side effects too scant and difficult to access. It's important that nurses have knowledge about factors that influence parents' decisions in order to respond to their concerns and provide appropriate and evidence-based information.
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Gruber, Verena, Bodo B. Schlegelmilch, and Michael J. Houston. "Inferential evaluations of sustainability attributes: Exploring how consumers imply product information." Springer, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mar.20706.
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Consumers are often confronted with incomplete product information. In such instances, they can eliminate the product from further consideration due to higher associated uncertainty or ask for more information. Alternatively, they can apply subjective theories about covariation to infer the value of missing attributes. This paper investigates the latter option in the context of sustainability and provides an in-depth exploration of consumers' inference formations. Drawing from rich qualitative data, it offers a conceptualization of the underlying relationships consumers use to infer product sustainability based on other product attributes. The study further assesses whether these findings can be captured in a quantifiable way. To this end, inferred sustainability is conceptualized as a formative second-order construct, thereby depicting the influence of inference-triggering product attributes. (authors' abstract)
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Gibbs, Seth. "Microrna regulation of anthracycline drug resistance in leukemia through MIR-221, MIR-222, MIR-26a, and MIR-21." The Ohio State University, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1204309177.
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Frias, Flávia de Toledo. "Papel dos microRNAs (miR-1, miR-133, miR-206, miR-208b, miR-499 e miR-223) no músculo esquelético de camundongos C57BL/6 durante o estado de resistência à insulina." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/42/42136/tde-12092016-085246/.
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No músculo esquelético (ME) resistente à insulina, a disponibilidade elevada de ácidos graxos (AGs) livres observada na obesidade provoca alterações na função mitocondrial. Sendo os microRNAs (miRs) moléculas recentemente apontadas na regulação gênica de vias metabólicas, nosso objetivo foi investigar em ME de camundongos com resistência à insulina (RI) induzida por dieta hiperlipídica durante 8 semanas, tratados com fenofibrato (CF e HF) ou metilcelulose (veículo; grupos C e H) nas duas semanas antes do sacrifício, se os miRs-1a, 133a/b, 206, 208b, 499 e miR-223 participam da patogênese da RI. O quadro de RI foi induzido no grupo H e o fenofibrato reverteu parcialmente a RI (grupo HF) observada através das alterações em parâmetros metabólicos e enzimáticos, que parecem ser mediados pelo miR-1a regulando a proteína AMPKα2. O aumento na transcrição de AMPKα2 ativa processos catabólicos tais como a captação de glicose e oxidação de AGs, sendo considerada a principal enzima reguladora do metabolismo celular ao estimular a expressão de genes mitocondriais via PGC-1α.In skeletal muscle (SM) tissue, evidences suggest that the high availability of free fatty acids (FFAs) observed in obesity plays a central role in the development of insulin resistance (IR) by causing changes in mitochondrial function. Since microRNAs (miRs) are recently identified molecules acting as gene regulators of metabolic pathways, we aimed to investigate in SM of insulin resistant mice induced by 8 weeks of high-fat diet (HFD) feeding, treated with fenofibrate (CF and HF) or metilcelulose (vehicle, C and H) two weeks before euthanasia, if miRs-1a, 133a/b, 206, 208b, 499 and 223 are involved in IR pathogenesis. IR was induced after 8 weeks of HFD (H), and fenofibrate treatment (HF) partially reverted this condition by causing alterations on metabolic and enzymatic parameters, which seems to be mediated by miR-1a regulating AMPKα2 protein. AMPKα2 increased translation active catabolic processes such as glucose uptake and FFAs oxidation, being considered the main regulator of cell metabolism by stimulating mitochondrial genes expression via PGC-1α.
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Selbach, Michael. "Darstellung des Raums Circumflexus mittels TEE zur minimalinvasiven Diagnostik des Versorgungstyps und zur prophylaktischen Kontrolle eines iatrogenen Verschlusses bei Mitralklappenrekonstruktion." Doctoral thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-175163.
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Im Rahmen dieser Dissertation wurde in einer prospektiven klinischen Studie bei 110 kardiochirurgischen Patienten, welche sich einer Mitralklappenrekonstruktion [MKR] unterzogen, untersucht, ob mittels transösophagealer Echokardiographie [TEE] die Durchblutung der Koronarien zu Beginn, während und nach der Operation dargestellt werden kann und ob die anatomischen Gegebenheiten gut abzugrenzen sind.
Dabei wurden der Ramus Circumflexus [RCX] und der Sinus Coronarius [SC] im gesamten Verlauf verfolgt, der Diameter proximal (nach Abgang der Aorta), im Verlauf (bei Überkreuzung der arteriellen und venösen Gefäße) und distal bestimmt und der Blutfluss mittels Dopplersonographie dargestellt.
Ein weiterer Punkt war die Untersuchung, ob anhand des Kalibers der Gefäße verlässliche Rückschlüsse auf den Versorgungstyp geschlossen werden können, was sonst nur mittels Koronarangiographie [CA] unter Einsatz von Kontrastmittel invasiv darzustellen war.
Zuletzt wurde beim sich noch in Narkose befindlichen Patienten untersucht, ob evtl. erst postoperativ durch iatrogenen Verschluss aufgetretene Wandbewegungsstörungen mittels TEE minimalinvasiv diagnostiziert werden können, sodass ggf. eine sofortige Intervention erfolgen konnte.
In der Phase der Datenerhebung kam es bei drei Patienten zu Komplikationen im Sinne einer Obstruktion bzw. Stenose der RCX, wobei die Befunde der TEE-Untersuchungen zusammenmit den klinischen Symptomen in einer anschließenden Koronarangiographie bestätigt wurden.
Die Ergebnisse dieser Studie wurden im Jahr 2010 in „The annals of thoracic surgery“ unter dem Titel „Echocardiographic Identification of Iatrogenic Injury of the Circumflex Artery During Minimally Invasive Mitral Valve Repair“ veröffentlicht (1).
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Ugarte, Rodolfo. "Teatro del Mar: rehabilitación Paseo del Mar Antofagasta." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2010. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/100317.
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Teatro del Mar, rehabilitación del paseo del mar de Antofagasta, es un proyecto que busca abordar el problema de la sustentabilidad del espacio público en el borde costero de la ciudad, desde sus potencialidades y dicotomías particulares, que permitan proponer una nueva tipología de espacio público potencialmente desarrollable a lo largo de los 22 km de borde costero existente y que lo transformen en el espacio público estructurante e integrador que debería ser, para una ciudad que en la actualidad emerge esparcida y disgregada entre una árida cordillera de la costa y un inmenso Océano Pacífico.
El deterioro y carencia de espacios públicos en el borde costero de Antofagasta, es un problema de crucial importancia para el futuro urbano de la ciudad, ya que si bien ha existido en los últimos años una alta inversión en este sector (Plan Bicentenario), esta solo se ha plasmado de forma parcial, ya que su alto costo de mantención, sumado a un contexto institucional-territorial, que inhibe la desencadenación de inversión privada complementaria, ha causado que irónicamente en pleno año 2010, la mayor parte de esta infraestructura esté en deterioro y no haya gatillado el desarrollo urbano planificado. Esto toma mayor relevancia en la naturaleza urbana de Antofagasta, que a partir de un crecimiento contradictorio entre una infraestructura urbana organizada concéntricamente y un desarrollo morfológico lineal, están generando en la actualidad graves disfuncionalidades y segregaciones. Por lo que el desarrollo del espacio público en el borde costero se hace tan urgente y necesario en su rol estructurante e integrador que garantice una crecimiento urbano sustentable en Antofagasta.
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Eklöf, Sofie, and Caroline Tipner. ""Är det fest blir det mer saft" : En kvalitativ uppsats om föräldrars och mor- och farföräldrars uppfattning om drycker till barn i förskoleåldern." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för kostvetenskap, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-318665.
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Bakgrund: Intag av sockerhaltiga drycker är förknippat med viktökning hos barn. Var femte barn i Sverige tas om hand av sina mor- och farföräldrar varje vecka, därför har den äldre generationen en betydande roll i utvecklingen av barns matvanor. Studier om föräldrars och mor- och farföräldrars uppfattning kring sockerhaltiga drycker till barn saknas. Syfte: Att undersöka föräldrars och mor- och farföräldrars uppfattning om olika drycker till barn i förskoleåldern. Metod: Tio kvalitativa semistrukturerade intervjuer med en förälder och en mor- eller farförälder i fem familjer från Stockholm med barn i åldern 3-5 år genomfördes. Intervjuerna transkriberades och analyserades med tematisk analys. Resultat: Analysen resulterade i tre teman: 1) hälsohierarki fanns mellan och inom drycker och ambivalens kring juicens hälsopositionering sågs i båda generationerna, medan föräldragenerationen var ambivalenta kring mjölk; 2) symboliskt värde hos drycker var tydlig, vardag, firande, avkoppling länkades med specifika drycker; 3) balansgång vid tillhandahållandet av sockerhaltiga drycker sågs genom begränsning och belöning, skapandet av vanor samt genom olika roller hos de två generationerna. Slutsats: Föräldrar och mor- och farföräldrar var i stort överens om att sockerhaltiga drycker är ohälsosamma, men hade olika åsikter om mjölk och olika roller vid serveringen. Juice sågs både som hälsosam och ohälsosam i båda generationerna. Dryckernas symboliska värde vägdes in vid beslutet om vilka drycker som skulle serveras till barn i förskoleåldern och vid vilka tillfällen.
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Fredriksen, Ranveig Haukeland. "Comparison of the AS-MBR and BF-MBR processes." Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for vann- og miljøteknikk, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-12619.
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Active sludge membrane bioreactor (AS-MBR) is a process of membrane separation of activated sludge. This is increasingly becoming an alternative for wastewater treatment plants as improved effluent quality often is required together with special limitations. A major drawback for the process is however membrane fouling, which needs to be further handled in order to create a cost-beneficial solution. Fouling can potentially be reduced by applying biofilm (BF) instead of activated sludge. Prospects of even more compact plants, with reduced aeration requirements, and improved effluent quality are other driving forces for investigation of BF-MBR. The limited literature concerning BF-MBR illustrates however varying degrees of success. The first part of this report presents the available knowledge on fouling in both AS-and BF-MBRs. The overall objective of this thesis was to carry out a comparison between membrane performances in the two systems. This was done by operating two equal pilot plants in parallel for several months, while water quality and fouling were measured. The results revealed less fouling and better treatment in the AS-MBR. Additionally, it was found that the AS-MBR reactor water contained significantly less submicron organic material which often is found to be an important foulant. In order to evaluate the impact on the membrane performance, the amount of suspended solid was increased in the BF-MBR. A clear improvement was found with increased amounts of suspended solids, and the finalexperiment indicated even better membrane performance when compared to the AS-MBR. Some suspended solid should therefore be present in order to form of a protective cake layer on the membrane surface and prevent other foulants from adsorbing directly to the membrane. The suspended solids may also flocculate the smaller foulant prior to deposition on the surface. Increased operating problems regarding BF sludge needs however further analysis. The results obtained in this study supports that the BF-MBR membrane can be operated just as well the AS-MBR, or maybe even better under the right circumstances. Configurations with increased amounts of suspended solid in an external membrane reactor should therefore further be evaluated, as well as the prospects of an optimum concentration of suspended solid.
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Bartels, Joanna [Verfasser]. "Die Bedeutung von Serum – microRNAs (miR-367-3p, miR-371a-3p, miR-372-3p, miR-373-3p) als Biomarker beim Hodentumor / Joanna Bartels." Bonn : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Bonn, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1080592091/34.
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Burkhardt-Medicke, Kathleen. "Studies on the interaction of chemicals with cellular efflux transporter proteins Danio rerio Abcb4 and Homo sapiens ABCB1." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2018. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-235747.
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ABCB1, a member of the ATP binding cassette (ABC) transporter family, hydrolyses ATP as energy source for the translocation of substrate chemicals across the cell membrane. ABCB1-like transporters are found in all studied species. Typically, these transporters are abundant in tissues that separate compartments of the body such as the blood-brain barrier. Among the ABC transporters the ABCB1-like transporter proteins are of particular interest because they accept a broad variety of substrates and are therefore able to confer multidrug resistance (MDR) and multixenobiotic resistance (MXR) in wildlife, respectively. Inhibitors of the ABCB1-like transporter function can cause chemosensitisation, i.e. accumulation and increased sensitivity of organisms towards potentially harmful (natural/man-made) ABCB1-like substrate chemicals. In zebrafish (Danio rerio) Abcb4 was identified as functionally homologous to ABCB1.
The aim of this study was to further characterise Danio rerio Abcb4 and to provide a database to approach the question to what extent ABCB1-like transporter related functions/effects are of ecotoxicological relevance. Main objectives are whether and how known ABCB1 ATPase stimulators and inhibitors interact with Abcb4 ATPase activity; to what extent ABCB1 ATPase assay data are transferable to Abcb4 ATPase assay data; and whether and how environmental chemicals interact with Danio rerio Abcb4 ATPase activity.
In this study we established a test system – the ATPase assay with recombinant Danio rerio Abcb4 – to study the interaction of chemicals with the ATPase activity of the transporter protein. To relate obtained data to data for the well-known Homo sapiens ABCB1 and because available data for Homo sapiens ABCB1 were not in all cases suitable for a comparison, the ATPase assay with recombinant ABCB1 was adapted accordingly. Chemicals were tested up to concentrations in the range of their water solubilities to modulate basal and stimulator co-treated Abcb4 and/or ABCB1 ATPase activities. ATPase stimulators are often transported substrates. However, lipophilic compounds stimulating the transporter ATPase activity are not or little transported by transporter action. Therefore, experiments revealing whether compounds are translocated by transporters chemical interference with the transporter protein will not be indicated. Chemicals inhibiting the stimulator (here verapamil) co-treated ATPase activity compete with the verapamil to stimulate ATPase activity or are non-competitive inhibitors. When tested individually, these chemicals can be stimulators or inhibitors of basal ATPase activity, or do not interact with basal ATPase activity. ATPase inhibitors mitigate ATPase activity and ABCB1-like transporter mediated translocation of substrate chemicals. Obtained ATPase assay data were analysed with regard to concentrations at half-maximal effects (EC50s) and effect strengths (percent modulation).
ATPase assays with recombinant Abcb4 (at 27 °C) are comparable to ABCB1 ATPase assay data obtained at 37 °C. Danio rerio Abcb4 seems less temperature-sensitive than ABCB1. Calculated activation energies for Abcb4 ATPase activities (40.75 kJ/mol for basal ATPase activity) were up to half as high as those for ABCB1 ATPase activities (81.61 kJ/mol for basal ATPase activity). Larger activation energies were previously proposed to be indicative for larger conformational rearrangements and hence possibly smaller rearrangements take place in Abcb4 compared to ABCB1. Known standard modulators of Homo sapiens ABCB1 ATPase activity interacted specifically with Danio rerio Abcb4 ATPase actitiy. The EC50s of the tested chemicals – 16 of 17 tested chemiacals interacted with the ABCB1 and the Abcb4 ATPase activity – ranged from 0.09 to 296 µM for ABCB1 and from 0.14 to 171 µM for Abcb4. Qualitative ATPase assay data for ABCB1, as interaction or not, seems transferable to Danio rerio Abcb4. Furthermore, when aligning amino acid sequences of mammalian ABCB1 transporter proteins and Danio rerio Abcb4 and comparing ABCB1 residues known to bind to (lipophilic) chemicals no obvious hints were found that chemical binding to Abcb4 is certainly different from ABCB1. Twenty-five of 33 studied environmental chemicals modulated the Abcb4 ATPase activity as stimulators and/or inhibitors. Stimulation of basal Abcb4 ATPase activity was lower for environmental chemicals than for known standard modulators. EC50s of environmental chemicals ranged from below 10 to 357 µM. Effects by environmental chemicals on Abcb4 ATPase activity with EC50s close to their water solubilities may be rather unspecific.
The results of this work underline that Abcb4 function is of ecotoxicological importance as on the one hand several environmental chemicals were identified to inhibit Abcb4 ATPase activity – likely acting as chemosensitisers, while on the other hand chemicals stimulating basal ATPase activity suggest that these chemicals are possibly transported. A number of environmental chemicals also inhibited the basal Abcb4 ATPase activity. Especially non-transported inhibitors of the basal Abcb4 ATPase activity would be of ecotoxicological relevance as organisms (here Danio rerio) exposed to these chemicals would not be protected by Abcb4 mediated multixenobiotic resistance and were moreover threatened by chemosensitisation.
Future studies should systematically elucidate under which circumstances chemicals are apparently net transported by ABCB1-like transporters and relate these findings to concentrations of environmental chemicals and ABCB1-like transporter protein abundance in wildlife.
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Lourenço, Luana Grupioni. "Expressão dos microRNAs miR-145, miR-181c, miR-199a e miR-1183 em hipocampo e sangue de pacientes com epilepsia do lobo temporal mesial." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/17/17137/tde-02022016-094857/.
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Introdução: A epilepsia do lobo temporal mesial (ELTM) é a forma mais comum de epilepsia parcial e com índices significativos de resistência aos tratamentos farmacológicos. Um dos grandes desafios para a neurociência na atualidade é o desenvolvimento de biomarcadores que facilitem o diagnóstico e prognóstico para a epilepsia. Recentemente, algumas pesquisas demonstraram que microRNAs circulantes no sangue são biomarcadores sensíveis e específicos para várias doenças, incluindo do SNC, podendo ser obtido de forma não invasiva e representando um método de detecção eficiente e de baixo custo. Portanto, nosso trabalho teve como objetivo analisar o perfil de expressão dos microRNAs miR-145, miR-181c, miR199a e miR-1183 no hipocampo e fração leucocitária do sangue de pacientes com ELTM e investigar se os mesmos podem auxiliar como biomarcadores de diagnóstico e prognóstico para a epilepsia. Pacientes e métodos: Foram utilizadas amostras de hipocampo e sangue de 20 pacientes com ELTM, sendo 10 com boa evolução pós-operatória (Engel I) e 10 com evolução pósoperatória insatisfatória (Engel III e IV), e para controle foram utilizados hipocampos de necropsias e sangue de indivíduos saudáveis. A análise de expressão dos miRNAs foi feita utilizando a técnica de RQ-PCR. Resultados e Conclusões: As expressões dos miRNAs se comportaram de forma diferente no hipocampo e sangue de pacientes com ELTM quando comparados aos grupos controles. O miR- 145 apresentou-se hipoexpresso no hipocampo e hiperexpresso no sangue. Os miRNAs miR-145, miR-181c, miR199a e miR-1183 apresentaram-se hiperexpressos na fração leucocitária do sangue de pacientes com ELTM, podendo estes contribuir como possíveis biomarcadores para auxiliarem no diagnóstico. Ainda, não encontramos diferenças estatística desses miRNAs no sangue e hipocampo de pacientes Engel I versus Engel III e IV, no entanto, o miR-1183 apresentou-se progressivamente mais expresso no sangue dos pacientes nos grupos controle, no grupo Engel I e no grupo Engel III e IV respectivamente.Introduction: The mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) is the most common form of partial epilepsy and also presents significant resistance to pharmacological treatment. A major challenge for neuroscience today is the development of biomarkers that facilitate the diagnosis and prognosis for epilepsy. Recently, research has shown that microRNAs circulating in the blood are sensitive and specific biomarkers for various diseases, including CNS, they can be obtained noninvasively and represent a low cost detection method. Thus, our study aimed to analyze the expression profile of microRNAs miR-145, miR-181c, miR199a and miR- 1183 in the hippocampus and leukocyte fraction of the blood of patients with MTLE and investigate whether they can assist as diagnostic and prognosis biomarkers for epilepsy. Patients and Methods: Hippocampus and blood samples of 20 patients with MTLE were used; ten with good postoperative outcome (Engel I) and ten with poor postoperative outcome (Engel III and IV), and for the control group hippocampus of necropsy and blood of healthy individuals were used. The analysis of the expression of miRNAs was performed using RQ-PCR. Results and Conclusions: The expression of miRNAs behaved differently in the hippocampus and blood of patients with MTLE when compared with the control groups. This different behavior was most evident in miR-145, which was hypo-expressed in the hippocampus and hyper-expressed in the blood. MiRNAs miR-145, miR-181c, miR199a and miR-1183 were hyper-expressed in the leukocyte fraction from the blood of patients with MTLE, and these can be potential biomarkers to aid in the diagnosis. We found no statistical differences of these miRNAs in blood and hippocampus of patients Engel I versus Engel III and IV, however, miR-1183 was progressively expressed in the blood of patients in the control groups, Engel I and Engel III and IV respectively.
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Haugwitz, Martin [Verfasser]. "Analyse der Molekularstruktur von Arthropoden-Hämocyaninen (2x6-mer, 4x6-mer, 8x6-mer) mit 3D-Elektronenmikroskopie / Martin Haugwitz." Mainz : Universitätsbibliothek Mainz, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1126524956/34.
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Baselga, Escudero Laura. "Modulation of mir-33 and mir-122 by dietary polyphenols." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/126446.
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Las proantocianidinas, que son agentes hipolipidémicos, son los polifenoles mayoritarios
en la dieta humana que ayudan a combatir factores de riesgo contra la obesidad y la
enfermedad cardiovascular. Por otro lado, los mi(cro)RNAs participan en la regulación de
genes del metabolismo lipídico y, el efecto de las proantocianidinas sobre dichos miRNAs
es desconocido. Por ello, el principal objetivo de la tesis ha sido evaluar si los
polifenoles, principalmente proantocianidinas, modulan miR-33 i miR-122, dos miRNAs
involucrados en el metabolismo lipídico. Para ello se usaron modelos animales y
celulares. Los resultados muestran que los compuestos de la dieta modulan estos
miRNAs, mejorando el metabolismo lipídico, y que los polifenoles se unen directamente a
miR-33 i miR-122. En conclusión, las proantocianidinas al modular los níveles de miR-33 i
miR-122 pueden ser útiles para tratar enfermedades metabólicas. Además, estos
resultados también sugieren que la modulación los miRNAs puede ser un mecanismo
molecular usado por los componentes de la dieta por el que mejoran un perfil aterogénicomi(cro)RNAs are becoming relevant for the epigenetic control of metabolism. miRNAs are small non-conding RNAs of approximately 19-24 nucleotides in length that regulate the expression of target genes at post-transcriptional level. Specifically, miR-33 is a critical regulator of cholesterol and fatty acid homeostasis by repressesing fatty acid oxidation, hepatic HDL biogenesis and cholesterol efflux to HDL. Furthermore, miR-122, which is liver-specific, regulates several genes that control fatty acid and triglyceride biosynthesis. On the other hand, dietary components, such polyphenols, are reported to have benefitial effects againts cardiovascular diseases, reducing triglycerides and/or cholesterol plasma levels. Hence, the main objective of this thesis was to evaluate the capacity of polyphenols, mainly proanthocyanidins, to modulate miR-33 and miR-122 in different physiological situations. Result showed that polyphenols modulate these miRNAs and their target genes in liver, suggesting that miRNAs regulation are a new molecular mechanims used by some polyphenols to modulate lipid metabolism and to improve the atherogenic profile. Moreover, NMR studies showed that polyphenols directly bind to miR-33 and miR-122, suggesting that polyphenols can modulate cell miRNAs levels by a direct interaction.
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Martins, Fernanda Aguiar Carneiro. "Le dialogue avec le passé : l'amalgame complexe entre En Rade (1927) et Le Chant de la mer (O Canto do mar, 1953) de Alberto Cavalcanti." Paris 3, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA030014.
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Cette recherche concernant le réalisateur brésilien Alberto Cavalcanti a pour but d´effectuer une analyse comparative de ses deux films, En rade (1927) et Le Chant de la mer (O Canto do Mar, 1953) – entre lesquels le cinéaste établit un dialogue, puisque Le Chant de la mer est une nouvelle version d´En rade. Ce travail essaie d´élucider des aspects qui, jusqu’à présent, restaient ignorés dans la filmographie cavalcantienne. En dépit de la multitude de facteurs qui caractérisent cette filmographie, l´étude approfondie d´En rade et du Chant de la mer permet d’appréhender ce qui s´avère central pour le cinéaste dans sa période française comme dans sa période brésilienne. Avec ces films, il se consacre à deux projets qu’il pilote entièrement, du choix du scénario, en passant par la conception des images, jusqu’au montage. Ici, on a le privilège de se concentrer sur deux réalisations qui occupent une place de premier choix dans sa filmographie. Ainsi, il a fallu fonder les analyses filmiques sur ce qui motive Cavalcanti dans un contexte comme dans l´autre. C´est pourquoi on s’est tout d´abord donné comme tâche de restituer le cheminement complexe du metteur en scène, dans le cinéma français des années 20 comme dans le cinéma brésilien des années 50. On a examiné ce qui fait d´En rade un film impressionniste, et compris à quel point Le Chant de la mer comporte une visée réaliste dans le cadre de l´émergence d´un cinéma national. Dans un film comme dans l´autre, il y a une façon bien cavalcantienne de faire voir le monde sous un angle souvent inédit, à l´origine d´un désir d’investigation et de découverte concernant l’expression de son art et l’univers qu’il a à montrerThis dissertation about the Brazilian filmmaker Alberto Cavalcanti has the purpose to make a comparative analysis of his two films, Sea Fever (En rade,1927) and The Song of the Sea (O Canto do Mar, 1953), between which the filmmaker establishes a dialogue. In fact, The Song of the Sea is a new version of Sea Fever. This study elucidates some aspects that, until now, stay unknown in Cavalcanti´s filmography. In the context of multiple elements that characterize his filmography, a close study of Sea Fever and The Song of the Sea allows us to apprehend what is revealed to be central for the filmmaker during his French phase as well as in his Brazilian. In fact, with these films, he dedicates himself to two projects on which he works fully, from the choice of script to the conception of images and the editing. Here, we have the privilege to concentrate on the two films that play the main role in his filmography. Thus, it has been possible and necessary to focus on film analysis of what motivates Cavalcanti in the context of the two making themselves. That´s why we have first had as duty to reconstruct the filmmaker´s complex trajectory within the domain of the French cinema of the 1920´s as well as the Brazilian cinema of the 1950´s. We examine what makes Sea Fever an impressionist film, and we understand to what point The Song of the Sea represents a realist direction in the emergence of a national Brazilian cinema. In each film, there is a distinctive Cavalcanti way of making the world be seen from an unexpected angle. The way Cavalcanti works in film deals with a desire for investigating, discovering and connecting his art’s expression and the universe he has to show us
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Schmid, Matthias Martin. "Microlensing towards M31 /." Zürich : Unversity of Zürich, Institute of Theoretical Physics, 2002. http://e-collection.ethbib.ethz.ch/show?type=dipl&nr=95.
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Cochella-Garcia, Giacomo. "Mar de recuerdos." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad de Lima, 2016. http://repositorio.ulima.edu.pe/handle/ulima/5108.
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Silva, Nuno Miguel Correia da. "Porta de mar." Doctoral thesis, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Arquitetura, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/13637.
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Adinolfi, Maurício Pinto [UNESP]. "Madeira sobre mar." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/127900.
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Os trabalhos abordados nesta dissertação possuem a característica de serem projetos compartilhados, desenvolvidos em áreas onde as questões entre natureza e civilização estão em constante conflito. São intervenções que têm a pintura como fundamento, sendo realizadas com diversas parcerias, como associações de trabalhadores, órgãos governamentais e cooperativas. Descrever o processo de ação, discutir o lugar, as relações construídas, as estratégias variadas, assim como as influências poéticas são os objetivos principais. Uma exposição no Instituto de Artes da Unesp e a performance Calafatecompletam esse trabalho
The work described in this dissertation refers to a characteristic of shared projects developed in areas where issues between nature and civilization are in constant conict. These interventions, that have paintings as a foundation, have been conducted with several partnerships, such as labor unions, government agencies and work cooperative groups. The main objectives of this work: a description of the action process, discussion about the location, the relationships built in the process, the various strategies used, as well the poetic influences. An Art Exhibition at the Art Institute of Unesp complete this work
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Adinolfi, Maurício Pinto 1978. "Madeira sobre mar /." São Paulo, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/127900.
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Orientador: José Paiani SpaniolBanca: Marco Buti
Banca: Oriana Duarte
Resumo: Os trabalhos abordados nesta dissertação possuem a característica de serem projetos compartilhados, desenvolvidos em áreas onde as questões entre natureza e civilização estão em constante conflito. São intervenções que têm a pintura como fundamento, sendo realizadas com diversas parcerias, como associações de trabalhadores, órgãos governamentais e cooperativas. Descrever o processo de ação, discutir o lugar, as relações construídas, as estratégias variadas, assim como as influências poéticas são os objetivos principais. Uma exposição no Instituto de Artes da Unesp e a performance Calafatecompletam esse trabalho
Abstract: The work described in this dissertation refers to a characteristic of shared projects developed in areas where issues between nature and civilization are in constant con"ict. These interventions, that have paintings as a foundation, have been conducted with several partnerships, such as labor unions, government agencies and work cooperative groups. The main objectives of this work: a description of the action process, discussion about the location, the relationships built in the process, the various strategies used, as well the poetic influences. An Art Exhibition at the Art Institute of Unesp complete this work
Mestre
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Podolský, Ondřej. "Sběr MaR dat." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-316397.
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The semester thesis outlines the idea of the concept of intelligent building and related technologies. The first section describes the devices used in the field of intelligent installations in particular selected communication protocols and bus. In the next section there are some examples of systems from different manufacturer and the most detailed herein descripted system is Honeywell’s system built on NiagaraAX Framework because the practical part of the work is implemented using this system. The last part describes creation process of data visualization and storage obtained from intelligent building of Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Communication.
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Michely, Julia [Verfasser], and Uli [Akademischer Betreuer] Müller. "The role of the microRNAs miR-12, miR-124, miR-125, miR-989 and miR-3788 in the learning and memory formation processes in the honeybee (Apis mellifera) / Julia Michely ; Betreuer: Uli Müller." Saarbrücken : Saarländische Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1152095269/34.
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Andersson, Johanna, and Teresa Lindestam. ""Ju mer öppen du är, ju mer öppen kan andra vara"." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för lärande och samhälle (LS), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-29041.
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Sverige har som en följd av invandring utvecklats till att bli ett mångkulturellt land, vilket ställer krav på människors förmåga att anpassa sig efter varandra. Flertalet av alla barn går idag i förskolan och för många familjer är förskolan den första kontakten med det svenska samhället. Detta ställer krav på förskolans personal att hantera och utveckla strategier kring mottagande och inkludering. Syftet med vår studie är att undersöka hur förskollärare resonerar kring begreppen integration och kultur samt det egna arbetet med nyanlända barn och vårdnadshavare i förskolan. Examensarbetet har en kvalitativ ansats och det empiriska materialet har bearbetats utifrån det sociokulturella och det interkulturella perspektivet. Studiens empiriska material har samlats in på tre förskolor, genom semistrukturerade intervjuer. Resultatet visar att förskollärarna ser arbetet med nyanlända som en möjlighet att utveckla kunskaper om andra kulturer, vilka kan berika verksamheten. Nyanlända barn betraktas som vilka andra barn som helst och integration anses vara en process som innefattar alla individer. Samverkan och goda relationer till vårdnadshavare är även något förskollärarna talar om. Dock blir det tydligt att det vardagliga mötet kan vara komplext. Förskollärarna menar att de ibland inte känner sig tillräckliga, på grund av språkliga barriärer. Resultatet synliggör att förskolan kan vara en betydelsefull arena för integration.
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Stoffers, Sara L. "Characterization of miR-21 and miR-196b in Myeloid Signaling Pathways." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1307126277.
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Magarreiro, Manuel César Tibério. "Governar o mar: o mar nos governos de Portugal desde 1974." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/17149.
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Mestrado em Planeamento Regional e UrbanoNo seguimento do 25 de abril de 1974, várias e profundas foram as alterações que surgiram na organização e mentalidade da sociedade portuguesa. Num tempo marcado pela mudança, a imposição, discussão e aplicação de ideologias tomaram lugar, e querendo cortar com o passado, muitas foram as decisões governativas que mudaram o panorama quer a nível social quer a nível económico de Portugal, áreas em que o mar, à época, é transversal. Após os primeiros tempos de mudança, em que alguns criticam o afastamento face ao mar, visível nas soluções governativas, surge outra alteração do paradigma, assente na entrada para a Comunidade Europeia, em que mais uma vez se criticam os sucessivos Governos por virarem costas ao mar, privilegiando em seu detrimento, a construção de infraestruturas básicas, de que o país também carecia, na relação com o continente europeu. Com o desenrolar do tempo e até à atualidade, seguiram-se outros Governos que, conforme as políticas tomadas, deram mais ou menos ênfase às questões do mar. Do mesmo modo várias foram as organizações governativas para reger estas questões, oscilando entre Secretarias de Estado, espalhadas por diferentes Ministérios, ou outras que juntaram as matérias do Mar no Ministério do Mar. xii
Following the 25th of April, 1974, several major changes emerged in the organization and mind set of the Portuguese society. In a time marked by major change, the imposition, discussion and application of ideologies took place, and wanting to break with the past, there were many governmental decisions that changed the social and economic panorama of Portugal, and this is reflected in the sea. After the first few year since the revolution, in which some criticize the distancing from the sea, which was visible in governance solutions, arises another paradigm shift, based on the entry to the European Community in which, once again, successive governments are criticized for turning their back to the sea, giving priority to the construction of basic infrastructure that the country lacked when compared to the rest of the European continent. With the course of time and to the present day, several governments in place have given different emphasis to the issues of the sea. Likewise there were several governmental organizations governing the sea, ranging from State Departments, across several Ministries, to others that included the Sea into the Ministry of the Sea.
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Abdul, Qayum Amina. "Role of miR-155 and miR-146a in Mast Cell Function." VCU Scholars Compass, 2017. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/4673.
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Mast cells are resident immune cells abundantly found in the tissue at the host-environment interface, where they play a critical role in inflammatory allergic responses. Mast cell responses may be regulated by the cytokine milieu at the site of inflammation. Recent studies have revealed microRNAs to be important in altering cytokine signaling in immune cells. Here, we demonstrate for the first time that IL-10 and IL-33 induce miR-155 and miR-146a, respectively, to alter mast cell functions. We report that IL-10 enhanced IgE induced activation of mast cells. IL-10 effects are dependent on Stat3 activation, which elicits miR-155 expression, resulting in a loss of suppressor of cytokine signaling-1 (SOCS-1). The importance of miR-155 was demonstrated by the inability of IL-10 to enhance anaphylaxis in miR-155–deficient mice. Additionally, we show that IL-33 treatment greatly enhances miR-146a expression in mast cells and in mast cell derived exosomes. miR-146a induction is dependent on MyD88 and NFκB and seems to negatively regulate ST2 signaling, which is demonstrated by the hyperresponsiveness of miR-146a knockout BMMC in response to IL-33. Our preliminary data suggest that miR-146a serves as a feedback negative regulator of IL-33 signaling by targeting IRAK proteins. miR-155 and miR-146a are key microRNAs that regulate a range of immune functions. Taken together, our results reveal two novel microRNA pathways that regulate mast cell IgE and IL-33 induced responses.
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Castberg, Katja. "Mer av det goda, mer ut av världen : Fanfictionens didaktiska potential." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för kultur- och medievetenskaper, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-159250.
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The purpose of this study is to discern the didactic potential of fanfiction and transmedial storyworlds in a classroom context. This is studied through the analysis of works from two transmedial storyworlds: Star Trek and Sherlock Holmes. The works are examined using Herman’s (2009) four narrative elements. The study shows that fanfiction writers change one or more narrative elements of a story to build their own narrative. Some writers keep the narrative elements intact but instead write stories that reflect their own lives. Both the Star Trek and Sherlock Holmes narratives are prototypical stories that are easy to follow and recreate and that might be why they are popular in a fanfiction context. The study shows that fanfiction has a didactic potential and that one important aspect of using fanfiction in the classroom is to be open to student’s interpretations of the narrative.
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Walander, Evelina. ""Svalt barnen och fäderna, så svalt mödrarna ännu mer" : En jämförelse mellan Moa Martinsons Pigmamma och Mor gifter sig ur ett kombinerat genusvetenskapligt och marxistiskt perspektiv." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för språk och litteratur, SOL, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-20224.
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Le, Tixerant Matthieu. "Dynamique des activités humaines en mer côtière : application à la mer d'Iroise." Phd thesis, Université de Bretagne occidentale - Brest, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00010788.
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La mer côtière est le siège d'activités anthropiques multiples, parfois concurrentes, interagissant avec l'environnement naturel. La compréhension des interactions entre ces activités et le milieu est un objectif majeur de la recherche pour l'aide au développement durable des sociétés humaines. Dans ce contexte, il est notamment indispensable de se focaliser sur les modalités d'utilisation et d'exploitation du milieu par l'Homme. Cela répond à un fort besoin des scientifiques, qui cherchent à évaluer la part de l'activité humaine dans l'évolution des écosystèmes, et des gestionnaires en quête d'informations permettant une vision globale et interdisciplinaire du territoire. Dans ce cadre, le milieu marin pose des problèmes spécifiques. Sur cet espace ouvert, la lisibilité des phénomènes liés aux activités humaines est d'autant plus complexe. Une méthodologie visant à analyser le système est donc proposée. Elle consiste à réaliser une description du déroulement des activités humaines dans l'espace et dans le temps grâce à l'utilisation de filtres spatio-temporels. Cette approche fournit les bases d'une modélisation conceptuelle et logique des usages anthropiques intégrable au sein d'un simulateur de la Dynamique des Activités HUmaines (DAHU). L'exploitation des résultats via un SIG permet la restitution de représentations spatio-temporelles pertinentes et constitue ainsi une information synthétique utile à une gestion concertée de la mer côtière.
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Lundberg, Caroline, and Stefan Nilsson. "Utnyttja upplevelserummet mer effektivt : och få därmed småbutikerna mer konkurrenskraftiga på marknaden." Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för teknik och samhälle, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-6013.
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I dagens samhälle ökar konkurrensen avsevärt, alltfler butikskedjor och stormarknader etablerar sig på marknaden och de mindre butikerna får kämpa allt hårdare för sin överlevnad. Studier visar att 34 % av butiker från den tätortsnära landsbygden har försvunnit under de senaste femton åren. Frågan är då hur dessa småbutiker ska kunna undvika butiksdöden och konkurrera med de stora jättarna? Idag läggs stort fokus på upplevelsen och butiksatmosfären i stort. Genom att intervjua en butikschef och konsumenter och även observera en butik har vi kunnat analysera den inre butiksatmosfären för att se hur de fyra sinnena, hörsel, syn, känsel och doft påverkar kunden. Genom att kombinera färger och ljus och använda sig av matchande dofter och musik kan en butik skapa en attraktiv atmosfär för kunden. Studien har visat att konsumenten uppskattar ett samband mellan den inre atmosfären och sortimentet och visar även hur viktigt det är att inte överstimulera kunden. Att atmosfären har en stor inverkan på kunden kan tydligt ses och likaså att det skulle kunna vara ett konkurrensmedel för mindre butiker. Studien har även väckt frågor och förslag till framtida studier, bekvämlighetsfaktorer som sittplatser och toalettbesök kan vara ett enkelt medel för att bibehålla kunderna i butiken.
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Kullinger, Johanna. "Övertalande budskap gör implicita könsrollsattityder mer traditionella och explicita könsrollsattityder mer egalitära." Thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Avdelningen för psykologi, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-27189.
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Morais, Nathanael Wagner Sales. "Estudo comparativo da conformabilidade mecÃnica dos aÃos MAR 350 e MAR 300." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2013. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=13395.
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nÃo hÃOs aÃos maraging sÃo materiais de ultra-alta resistÃncia que tem grande importÃncia tecnolÃgica devida sua aplicaÃÃo nos setores nuclear e bÃlico. Devido suas aplicaÃÃes de responsabilidade, à necessÃrio compreender como se comportam as propriedades plÃsticas desses materiais, pois a literatura carece de informaÃÃes sobre o comportamento mecÃnico dos aÃos Mar350 e de liga desenvolvida Mar350*. Esse trabalho investigou como a diferentes nÃveis de deformaÃÃo à frio influenciam as propriedades de anisotropia plÃstica de ambos materiais. Foram realizadas deformaÃÃes a frio nos nÃveis de 50, 70 e 80% por laminaÃÃo e apÃs foram realizados recozimentos a 900ÂC por 1h variando-se a taxa de resfriamento, resfriado-se as amostras em Ãgua, ao ar e ao forno atà a temperatura ambiente. Os resultados das anÃlises metalogrÃficas mostraram que os materiais nÃo sofrem alteraÃÃes morfolÃgicas nos grÃos com a variaÃÃo de taxa de resfriamento, mas sofrem um coalescimento nas deformaÃÃes de 50 e 70%. As amostras do aÃo Mar350 laminadas a frio em 80% mostraram um ultra-refino de grÃo e a precipitaÃÃo de uma fase intermetÃlica enquanto as amostras do aÃo Mar350* mostraram um refino grÃo quando comparado Ãs demais condiÃÃes para o mesmo aÃo, mas sem sofre um endurecimento significativo. As mediÃÃes de textura mostraram com o evoluir da deformaÃÃo à frio hà uma tendÃncia de âlimpezaâ da textura apresentado mais intensa a fibra γ. As mediÃÃes de microtextura mostram que algumas para a maioria das condiÃÃes estudadas a presenÃa da componente cubo girado menos intensa γ, componentes estas que poderiam ser a justificativa para o afastamento de ΔR de zero e os menores valores de Rm.
The maraging steels are ultra - high strength materials that has great technological importance due its application in military and nuclear sectors . Because its applications, it is necessary to understand how the plastic properties of these materials behave, because the literature lacks information on the mechanical behavior of steel the Mar350 and alloy redeveloped Mar300 . This study investigated how different levels of cold deformation influence the properties of plastic anisotropy of both materials . Cold deformation were carried out on levels of 50, 70 and 80% by rolling and after was made annealing were the materials carried out at 900 Â C for 1h varying the rate of cooling, the samples were cooled in water , air and the furnace until the room temperature. The results of metallographic analysis showed that the materials do not undergo morphological changes in the grains by varying the cooling rate, but some coarsening undergo a deformation in 50 and 70%. The samples of cold rolled steel Mar350 80% showed an ultra- grain refinement and precipitation of an intermetallic phase while the samples of steel Mar350* showed grain refining compared to the other conditions for the same steel, but without undergoes a significant hardening. The texture measurements showed the evolution of the cold deformation there is a tendency to cleanup texture appears more intense γ fiber . The measurements show that some microtexture for most conditions studied the presence of other components less intense outside the fiber γ , these components that could be the reason for the displacement of ΔR zero.
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Muys, Bruna Rodrigues. "Estudo funcional dos microRNAs miR-450a e miR-450b-5p na tumorigênese." Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/17/17135/tde-27042018-101722/.
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O câncer de ovário é a quinta maior causa de óbitos relacionados ao câncer em mulheres em todo o mundo, com pacientes tendo taxas de sobrevivência extremamente baixas. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) são RNAs não codificadores em torno de 22 ribonucleotídeos que desempenham um papel crítico na regulação da expressão gênica em praticamente todos os processos biológicos. Os miRNAs induzem o silenciamento de seus alvos através da repressão de tradução ou clivagem de mRNA. Neste trabalho verificamos que o miR-450a e o miR-450b-5p, dois miRNAs pouco explorados em tumores ginecológicos, foram regulados de forma negativa no câncer de ovário e nas linhagens de câncer de colo do útero. O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar a hipótese de que tanto o miR-450a como o miR- 450b-5p atuam como supressores tumorais em cânceres de tecido reprodutivo. Para testar esta hipótese, utilizamos ensaios in vitro e um modelo xenográfico in vivo. Usando um vetor de expressão lentiviral, miR-450a e miR-450b-5p foram superexpressos de forma estável nas linhagens A2780, OVCAR-3 e SKOV-3 (linhagens tumorais de ovário) e C33 e SiHa (linhagens tumorais de câncer cervical). A taxa de anoikis foi analisada nas células submetidas a placas de baixa aderência durante 24 horas: a superexpressão de miR-450a resultou em menor viabilidade nas linhagens SiHa, OVCAR-3, A2780 e SKOV-3. Em relação à proliferação celular, as células A2780 que superexpressam o miR-450a proliferaram a uma taxa maior em comparação com as células controle. No entanto, no ensaio clonogênico essas células apresentaram menor número de colônias que eram visivelmente maiores. Por outro lado, o miR-450b diminuiu a taxa de proliferação na linhagem SKOV-3, o que foi corroborado no ensaio clonogênico. Também foram medidas as taxas de migração e invasão celular usando ensaio transwell. A superexpressão de miR-450a ou miR-450b-5p resultou em maior potencial de migração da linha celular C33, mas menor taxa de migração e invasão nas linhagens A2780 e SKOV3. Na linhagem OVCAR-3, a superexpressão do miR-450a aumentou o número de células capazes de invadir, já o miR-450b-5p induziu uma maior taxa de migração. A superexpressão do miR-450b-5p na linhagem SiHa resultou em menor potencial de invasão em comparação com o grupo controle correspondente. Após estes ensaios in vitro, decidimos continuar nossa análise apenas com células A2780 e SKOV-3, que apresentaram um padrão mais parecido nos ensaios. No ensaio in vivo, as células A2780 transduzidas foram injetadas intraperitonealmente em camundongos imunodeficientes de 9-11 semanas e, após 4 semanas, o peso de tumores recuperados foi comparado. Neste modelo xenográfico de câncer de ovário, verificamos que ambos os miRNAs diminuíram o crescimento tumoral, o que corrobora nossos ensaios in vitro. Também verificamos que a maioria dos alvos diretos encontrados por meio do método do PAR-CLIP e aqui validados do miR-450a estão relacionados ao metabolismo energético nas mitocôndrias (TIMMDC1, ACO2, ATP5B), além dos genes PAPSS1, CITED2, MAML1 e VIM, o marcador canônico do processo de EMT. O alvo direto para miR-450b, ME1, também está relacionado ao metabolismo energético. Até o momento, nossa análise verificou que o miRNAs miR- 450a e miR-450b-5p são comprovadamente relevantes para o processo tumorigênico de tumores epiteliais de ovário e agem como supressores tumorais principalmente pela regulação de genes que atuam no metabolismo energético.Ovary cancer is the fifth largest cause of cancer-related deaths for women worldwide, with patients presenting extremely low 5-year survival rates. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), non-coding RNAs around 22 ribonucleotides long, play a critical role in gene expression regulation in virtually all biological processes. miRNAs induce gene silencing of their targets through translation repression or mRNA cleavage. We showed that miR-450a and miR-450b-5p, two functionally underexplored miRNAs in gynecologic tumors, were downregulated in ovarian cancer and cervical cancer cell lines. The aim of this work was to verify the hypothesis that both miR-450a and miR- 450b-5p display tumor suppressor functions in reproductive tissue cancers. For this purpose, we utilized in vitro assays and an in vivo xenographic model. Using a lentiviral expression vector, miR-450a and miR-450b-5p were stably overexpressed in A2780, OVCAR-3 and SKOV-3 (ovarian cancer cell lines) and C33 and SiHA (cervical cancer cell lines). The anoikis rate was analyzed in those cells submitted to low adherence plates for 24 hours: miR-450a overexpression resulted in lower viability in SiHa, OVCAR-3, A2780 and SKOV-3 cells. Regarding to cell proliferation, A2780 cells overexpressing miR-450a proliferated at higher rate compared to the control counterpart. However, these cells presented fewer but noticeable larger colonies at the clonogenic assay. On the other hand, miR-450b decreased the proliferation rate in SKOV-3, what was corroborated in the clonogenic assay, wherein the number of colonies were reduced at the same cell line. We also measured cell migration and invasion rates using transwell assays. Overexpression of miR-450a or miR-450b-5p resulted in higher migration potential of C33 cell line but lower migration and invasion rates in A2780 and SKOV3 cell lines. In OVCAR-3 cell line, miR-450a overexpression caused an increase in number of invaded cells and miR-450b-5p overexpressed cells migrated in higher number than control group. The overexpression of miR-450b-5p in SiHa cell line resulted in lower invasion potential compared to correspondent control group. After these in vitro experiments, we decided to continue our analysis only with A2780 and SKOV-3 cells, which had the most similar pattern. In the in vivo assay, transduced A2780 cells were injected intraperitoneally in 9-11 weeks immunodeficient mice and the weight of dissected tumors were compared after 4 weeks. In this in vivo xenographic model of ovarian cancer, we verified that both miRNAs impaired tumor growth, which corroborates our in vitro assays. We also verified that most of the direct targets found through PARCLIP technique validated in this work for miR-450a are related to energetic metabolism in mitochondria (TIMMDC1, ACO2, ATP5B) besides PAPSS1, CITED2, MAML1 and VIM, the canonical marker of EMT. The direct target for miR-450b, ME1, is also related to energetic metabolism. To date, our analysis points to the scenario of miR-450a and miR-450b-5p playing functions like tumor suppressors proven to be relevant to the tumorigenic process of ovarian epithelial tumors. Additionally, they do that mostly by regulating genes responsible by the energetic metabolism.
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Gwiggner, Markus. "The role of microRNAs miR-31 and miR-155 in ulcerative colitis." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2013. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/374919/.
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Nerman, Isabell, and Jesper Andersson. "Rättelse i fastighetsregistrets inskrivningsdel : Kan det vara mer rätt att rätta mer?" Thesis, KTH, Fastigheter och byggande, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-298021.
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Av 19 kap. 22 § 1 st. första meningen jordabalken följer att om fastighetsregistrets inskrivningsdel innehåller någon uppenbar oriktighet som beror på inskrivningsmyndighetens eller någon annans skrivfel, på något liknande förbiseende eller på ett tekniskt fel, ska inskrivningsmyndigheten rätta uppgiften. Avseende bestämmelsen ämnar examensarbetet att fastställa gällande rätt (de lege lata), analysera rekvisiten och föreslå regelförändringar(de lege ferenda) som möjliggör att rättelse skulle kunna tillämpas i fler situationer än vad som är möjligt idag. För detta har rättsdogmatisk metod, rättsvetenskaplig metod och empirisk metod använts. Utöver de traditionella rättskällorna inkluderas empiriskt material som underrättspraxis, JO-avgöranden och intervjumaterial. Även rättelsebestämmelserna 36 § förvaltningslagen (2017:900) och 4 kap. 21 § lagen (2008:990) om företagshypotek presenteras som underlag för en avslutande jämförelse. Av slutsatserna framgår bland annat att rättelse ska tillämpas restriktivt, vilketinnebär att endast oriktigheter som tydligt uppfyller rekvisiten kan rättas. Om rättelse skulle tillämpas i fler situationer är det viktigt att den enskildes rättstrygghet inte äventyras då denne kan lida skada efter att ha förlitat sig på registeruppgifter som sedan ändras genom rättelse.19 ch. 22 § in the Land Code (Sw: jordabalken) stipulates that if the land register section of the Real Property Register contains an obvious inaccuracy which depends on the land registration authority or somebody else's clerical error, similar inadvertence or due to a technical error, the land registration authority shall correct the inaccuracy. Regarding this regulation, the purpose of this master’s thesis is to establish the law (de lege lata), analyse the necessary conditions and propose rule changes (de lege ferenda) whether correction could be applied in more situations than what is possible today. Beyond the traditional sources of law, empirical material consisting of lower court praxis, decisions from the Parliamentary ombudsmen and interview material are included. Also, the regulations regarding correction according to 36 § of the Administrative Procedure Act (Sw: förvaltningslagen (2017:900)) and 4 ch. 21 § of the Floating Charges Act (Sw: lag (2008:990) om företagshypotek) are presented as a basis for a concluding comparison. From the conclusion – for instance – it appears that 19 ch. 22 § of the Land Code has a restrictive interpretation, which means that only incorrections that in a clear way fulfil the necessary conditions can be corrected. If correction would be applied in more situations, it is important that the individual legal rights should not be compromised since a third party can suffer loss after relying on information in the register that later will be corrected.
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Morais, Nathanael Wagner Sales. "Estudo comparativo da conformabilidade mecânica dos aços MAR 350 e MAR 300." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFC, 2013. http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/10746.
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MORAIS, N. W. S. Estudo comparativo da conformabilidade mecânica dos aços MAR 350 e MAR 300. 2013. 60 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Engenharia e Ciência de Materiais) - Centro de Tecnologia, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, 2013.Submitted by Marlene Sousa (mmarlene@ufc.br) on 2015-02-23T18:06:18Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2014_dis_nwsmorais.pdf: 3693374 bytes, checksum: d24baecda8d0e8df5362d32c78aca251 (MD5)
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The maraging steels are ultra - high strength materials that has great technological importance due its application in military and nuclear sectors . Because its applications, it is necessary to understand how the plastic properties of these materials behave, because the literature lacks information on the mechanical behavior of steel the Mar350 and alloy redeveloped Mar300 . This study investigated how different levels of cold deformation influence the properties of plastic anisotropy of both materials . Cold deformation were carried out on levels of 50, 70 and 80% by rolling and after was made annealing were the materials carried out at 900 ° C for 1h varying the rate of cooling, the samples were cooled in water , air and the furnace until the room temperature. The results of metallographic analysis showed that the materials do not undergo morphological changes in the grains by varying the cooling rate, but some coarsening undergo a deformation in 50 and 70%. The samples of cold rolled steel Mar350 80% showed an ultra- grain refinement and precipitation of an intermetallic phase while the samples of steel Mar350* showed grain refining compared to the other conditions for the same steel, but without undergoes a significant hardening. The texture measurements showed the evolution of the cold deformation there is a tendency to cleanup texture appears more intense γ fiber . The measurements show that some microtexture for most conditions studied the presence of other components less intense outside the fiber γ , these components that could be the reason for the displacement of ΔR zero.
Os aços maraging são materiais de ultra-alta resistência que tem grande importância tecnológica devida sua aplicação nos setores nuclear e bélico. Devido suas aplicações de responsabilidade, é necessário compreender como se comportam as propriedades plásticas desses materiais, pois a literatura carece de informações sobre o comportamento mecânico dos aços Mar350 e de liga desenvolvida Mar350*. Esse trabalho investigou como a diferentes níveis de deformação à frio influenciam as propriedades de anisotropia plástica de ambos materiais. Foram realizadas deformações a frio nos níveis de 50, 70 e 80% por laminação e após foram realizados recozimentos a 900°C por 1h variando-se a taxa de resfriamento, resfriado-se as amostras em água, ao ar e ao forno até a temperatura ambiente. Os resultados das análises metalográficas mostraram que os materiais não sofrem alterações morfológicas nos grãos com a variação de taxa de resfriamento, mas sofrem um coalescimento nas deformações de 50 e 70%. As amostras do aço Mar350 laminadas a frio em 80% mostraram um ultra-refino de grão e a precipitação de uma fase intermetálica enquanto as amostras do aço Mar350* mostraram um refino grão quando comparado às demais condições para o mesmo aço, mas sem sofre um endurecimento significativo. As medições de textura mostraram com o evoluir da deformação à frio há uma tendência de ‘limpeza’ da textura apresentado mais intensa a fibra γ. As medições de microtextura mostram que algumas para a maioria das condições estudadas a presença da componente cubo girado menos intensa γ, componentes estas que poderiam ser a justificativa para o afastamento de ΔR de zero e os menores valores de Rm.
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Näsman, Rasmun. "En mer queer stadsplanering : En studie av strategier för mer inkluderande rum." Thesis, KTH, Urbana och regionala studier, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-254541.
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Städer är präglade av värderingar och politiska ideal, och genom sin utformning bidrar de till befästande och upprätthållande av normer. Offentliga miljöer uppmuntrar, likt staden som helhet, till ett för samhället önskvärt beteende hos stadens användare. Men där finns också grupper som har andra förutsättningar än vad normen förutsätter och som då får det svårare att tillfredsställa sina preferenser. Bland dessa grupper finns personer som identifierar sig som queer, det vill säga att inte vara heterosexuell och/eller ej tillhöra den binära könsuppdelningen. För personer inom denna minoritet, så som andra minoriteter, upplevs stadens gemensamma rum inte alltid som lika välkomnande. Detta då de i högre grad än personer som identifierar sig inom stadens normer, såsom Heteronormen, utsätts för trakasserier och våld i dessa rum. Men eftersom stadens form sätter ramarna för och påverkar användarnas beteenden kan det också vara ett redskap för att skapa förändring. Rapporten syftar till att undersöka vad en mer queer stad och stadsplanering kan innebära. Detta genom att granska rumspraktik med uttalat queert perspektiv i sökandet på insikter om strategier, vilka skulle kunna inspirera och informera stadsplanering som önskar skapa mer inkluderande offentliga rum. I kandidatarbetet har ett queerteoretiskt perspektiv använts vid analysen av konst- och arkitektkollektivet MYCKET:s rumsliga praktik inom fallet Clubscenen, ett projekt inom vilket deras uttalade mål var att utforska möjligheter att skapa mer inkluderande rum. Den övergripande strategin som användes var att synliggöra samtida och dåtida queera personer och deras perspektiv. Mer specifikt använde sig MYCKET av strategierna återberättande av queer aktivism och livsstil, iscensättande av queera miljöer och fysisk manifestation av queera uttryck. Dessa tre strategier används både separat, tillsammans och överlappande. Avslutningsvis diskuteras hur de strategier som MYCKET använde sig av skulle kunna inspirera och informera stadsplaneringen. Rapporten föreslår att stadsplaneringen arbetar med riktade medborgardialoger vilka etablerar trygga rum för minoriteter, såsom personer som definierar sig som queer, för att säkerställa att även deras perspektiv inkluderas i och tas hänsyn till vid stadsutveckling. Vidare bör ett mer normkritiskt perspektiv utvecklas och implementeras i stadsplaneringspraktiken, ett perspektiv som granskar och vid behov ifrågasätter underliggande värderingar som influerar stadsplaneringen. Rapporten föreslår också att införa minnesmonument till minne av queer aktivism i de redan byggda delarna av staden, samt att enstaka offentliga rum tillskapas utifrån den queera minoritetens önskemål och preferenser vid den fortsatta utvecklingen av staden.Cities are characterized by values and political ideals, and by their design they contribute to the consolidation and maintenance of norms. Public spaces, like the city, encourage a behaviour that society deem desirable among its users. But in the city, there are groups that have needs different from the norm, and because of that have a much harder time satisfying their preferences. Among these groups are persons who identify themselves as queer, that is not being heterosexual and/or not belonging to the binary gender norms. People within this minority, like many other minorities, may find the city’s public space not as welcoming as the majority might find it. This is because of the harassment and violence they might be subject to in these places, to a greater extent than people who identify with the norms of the cities, like heteronormativity. But since the shape of the city sets the framework for the user’s behaviour as well as affect if, it can also be a tool for creating change. This report aims to investigate what a queerer city and queerer urban planning can be. This by examining spatial practice with a pronounced queer perspective, in search of insights on strategies that could inspire and inform urban planning that aims to create more inclusive public spaces. In this report, a queer theoretical perspective has been used in the analysis of MYCKET’s, an art and architectural collective, spatial practice in their project ”The Club Scene”, a project in which their stated goal was to explore means to create more inclusive spaces. The overall strategy used was to put queer people and their perspective in the spotlight. For that, MYCKET used the strategies of retelling queer activism and lifestyle, staging queer spaces, and physical manifestation of queer expressions. These three strategies are used both separately, together and overlap each other. In the final part of the report, the strategies that MYCKET used are discussed for how they could inspire and inform the urban planning. The report proposes that urban planning should work with directed citizen dialogues, which establish secure rooms for minorities, such as people who define themselves as queer, to ensure that their perspectives are included and taken into account in urban development. Furthermore, a more norm-critical perspective should be developed and implemented in urban planning practice, a perspective that examines and, if necessary, questions underlying values that influence urban planning. The report also suggests introducing memorials in memory of queer activism in the already built parts of the city, and that some public spaces are created in favour of the queer minority and their preferences when developing the city.
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López, García María josé. "La temperatura del mar balear a partir de imágenes satélite /." Valencia : Universidad de Valencia, Departamento de geografía, 1991. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37750340n.
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Jansson, Charlotte, and Petra Svensson. "Mycket vill ha mer?" Thesis, Halmstad University, School of Business and Engineering (SET), 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-989.
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Belöningssystem är i nuläget ett mycket hett och omtalat ämne, då fler och fler företag använder sig mer av detta, på både gott och ont. Media rapporterar ofta om nya miljonavtal och skandaler. Oftast är belöningssystemen utvecklade och inriktade på ledningen, de som styr företagen, det vill säga toppchefer, VD:s och styrelser. Incitament är för många företag ett oumbärligt medel för att attrahera kompetent personal och för att kunna nå företagets tillväxtmål. Det finns de som hävdar att fokus istället borde flyttas till frågan om belöningssystemen överhuvudtaget behövs, eftersom det inte finns någon forskning som entydigt stödjer tron på att belöning ger arbetsförhöjande effekter. Vad är företagsledningarnas uppfattning om belöning och anser de att belöningssystem leder till ökad motivation i arbetet mot uppsatta mål?
Syftet med denna studie var att se hur företagsledare uppfattar motivationen av belöningar inom medelstora företag och om dessa ökar möjligheterna till tillväxt. Vidare undersöks om det finns något samband mellan resultat och ökad bonus samt en beskrivning av de positiva och negativa effekter som belöningssystem har på tillväxt.
Författarna har avgränsat sig till medelstora företag i tillverkningsbranschen i Hallands län. De valde även att inte fördjupa sig i alla de olika varianter av belöningssystem som finns att tillgå samt behandlar de endast företagsledares belöningar och inte belöningar som innefattar alla medarbetare i organisationen.
För att göra en relevant undersökning har författarna använt sig av den kvalitativa ansatsen och detta genom telefonintervjuer med tre företag spridda i Hallands län. Kriterier på företagen var att de skulle ha mellan 100 till 249 anställda. Respondenterna som författarna vände sig till var VD på respektive företag.
Författarna har i denna studie kunnat dra slutsatsen att företag har varierande åsikter om belöningssystem, om det används med rätt förutsättningar. Den viktigaste faktorn som inverkar på företagsledare att arbeta efter önskvärda prestationer var att med hjälp av motivation nå tillväxt. De poängterar även att alla medarbetare inom organisationen ska känna delaktighet till tillväxt samt att de skulle bli motiverade av en rörlig del av lönen som belöning. Studien visade ett varierat resultat av sambandet mellan utdelning av bonus och ökade prestationer. Avslutningsvis fick författarna dock fram att belöningssystem mest har negativa effekter på tillväxten, då belöning kan skapa fel motivation hos företagsledaren som därmed arbetar efter hopp om högre lön eller liknande. Detta i sig kan medföra att företagsledaren blir girig och vill ha mer, som ordspråket säger ”Mycket vill ha mer”.
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Coderre, Guylaine. "Le poids de mer." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape8/PQDD_0007/MQ41873.pdf.
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Rojas, Alfredo, Guillermo Suero, and Carlos Vásquez. "Residencial Sol y Mar." Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas - UPC. Escuela de Postgrado, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/273981.
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El presente trabajo tiene por objeto evaluar técnica y económicamente la posibilidad de desarrollar un proyecto de inversión inmobiliaria; enfocado en el control y monitoreo del mismo El Proyecto de inversión inmobiliaria consiste en el desarrollo de un edificio de Vivienda Multifamiliar de 7 pisos con semi sótano para 19 estacionamientos , y 19 departamentos en Miraflores
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Vásquez, Carlos, Alfredo Rojas, and Guillermo Suero. "Residencial Sol y Mar." Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas - UPC. Escuela de Postgrado, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/273993.
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El presente trabajo tiene por objeto evaluar técnica y económicamente la posibilidad de desarrollar un proyecto de inversión inmobiliaria; enfocado en el control y monitoreo del mismo; en un terreno residencial de propiedad de la empresa INVERSIONES ARISO SAC El Proyecto de inversión inmobiliaria consiste en el desarrollo de un edificio de Vivienda Multifamiliar de 7 pisos y semisótano, orientado a un segmento socioeconómico de clase media alta (B y B+)
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Risteelä, S. (Sofia). "MBR-tekniikka Taskilan jätevedenpuhdistamolla." Master's thesis, University of Oulu, 2019. http://jultika.oulu.fi/Record/nbnfioulu-201902061153.
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Tiivistelmä. Oulun Veden Taskilan jätevedenpuhdistamolla otettiin käyttöön syksyn 2018 aikana MBR-tekniikkaa jätevedenpuhdistuksen tehostamiseksi sekä käsittelykapasiteetin lisäämiseksi. MBR eli kalvobioreaktori (englanniksi membrane bioreactor) on yhdistelmäprosessi, jossa aktiivilieteprosessin orgaanisen aineen poisto yhdistetään kalvosuodatuksen mekaaniseen lietteen poistoon. Taskilan MBR-yksikkö toimii perinteisen aktiivilieteprosessin rinnalla. Esiselkeytetystä vedestä noin 35 % käsitellään MBR-yksikössä ja loput perinteisessä aktiivilieteprosessissa. Tässä diplomityössä keskitytään kalvosuodatukseen ja MBR-tekniikkaan Taskilan jätevedenpuhdistamolla.
Taskilan MBR-yksikkö muodostuu hienovälppäyksestä, kahdesta ilmastusaltaasta ja neljästä MBR-kalvosuodatuslinjasta. Kalvosuodatuksessa on käytössä onttokuitukalvot, joiden huokoskoko on 0,04 µm. Kalvojen kokonaissuodatuspinta-ala on liki 50 000 m², jolloin MBR-yksikön keskivirtaama on 864 m³/h. MBR-linjojen keskivirtaama riippuu veden lämpötilasta. Talvikaudella veden lämpötilan ollessa alle 10 °C, MBR-linjat suodattavat virtaamalla 216 m³/h. Välikaudella sekä kesäkaudella veden lämpötilan ollessa yli 10 °C, linjakohtainen virtaama on 288 m³/h. Suodatuskäytössä olevien linjojen lukumäärää ohjataan MBR-yksikön virtauspyynnin sekä ilmastusaltaan pinnankorkeuden mukaan. Tällöin suodatuskäytössä on samanaikaisesti 2–4 MBR-linjaa.
Kalvot ovat herkkiä isoille partikkeleille sekä mekaaniselle kulutukselle. Hienovälppäys on siten erityisen tärkeä vaihe MBR-yksikön alussa. Kalvojen puhtaanapito sekä likaantumisen ja tukkeutumisen ennaltaehkäisy ovat tärkeässä roolissa suodatuksen toimintatehokkuuden ylläpitämisessä. Suodatuksen aikainen kalvoilmastus sekä ajoittainen vastavirtahuuhtelu irrottavat kiintoainetta kalvojen pinnalta. Lisäksi MBR-linjoille suoritetaan kemiallisia pesuja. Ylläpitopesuja suoritetaan viikoittain 1–3 kertaa ja liuotuspesuja huoltotoimenpiteenä 1–2 kertaa vuodessa. Pesukemikaaleina voidaan käyttää natriumhypokloriittia tai sitruunahappoa.
Käyttöönoton jälkeen loka-joulukuussa 2018 MBR-yksikön puhdistustulokset ovat olleet erittäin hyviä verrattuna lupaehtoihin sekä perinteisen aktiivilieteprosessin tuloksiin. MBR-lähtevä vesi on miltei kiintoainevapaata. Lisäksi fosfori, COD ja BOD ovat poistuneet todella tehokkaasti. Bakteerianalyysien perusteella kalvosuodatus poistaa tehokkaasti myös E. coli -bakteerit sekä suolistoperäiset enterokokit. Työssä käsitellään puhdistustuloksia kiintoaineen, kokonaisfosforin, kokonaistypen, CODcr:n sekä BOD7ATU:n osalta. Lisäksi työssä esitellään bakteerianalyysejä sekä Euroopan päästörekisterin mukaiset analyysit.
MBR on uusi tekniikka Suomen haastavissa ja muuttuvissa ilmasto-olosuhteissa. Kevään kylmät sulamisvedet, kesäaikainen typenpoisto sekä syyssateet luovat omat haasteensa kalvosuodatukselle, mutta vaativat myös erilaisia ratkaisuja. Taskilan MBR-yksikön tulokset ja prosessin toiminta erilaisissa olosuhteissa ovat arvokasta kokemusta mahdollisille uusille MBR-laitoksille Suomessa ja Pohjoismaissa.MBR technology in Taskila wastewater treatment plant. Abstract. Oulu Waterworks upgraded Taskila Wastewater Treatment Plant by installing MBR technology. During the autumn 2018 MBR technology was launched for more efficient wastewater treatment and increasing the plant capacity. Membrane bioreactor (MBR) is a combination process where the organic matter removal in activated sludge process is combined with the mechanical sludge removal in membrane filtration. In Taskila WWTP, the MBR unit operates alongside the conventional activated sludge process. Approximately 35% of the pre-sedimented wastewater is treated in the MBR unit and rest in the conventional activated sludge process. This Master’s Thesis is focused on membrane filtration and MBR technology in Taskila Wastewater Treatment Plant.
Taskila MBR unit consists of fine screening, two aeration basins and four MBR trains. Hollow fiber membranes with the pore size of 0.04 µm are used in the filtration process. Total filtration area in Taskila MBR unit is almost 50 000 m² and the average daily flow of the MBR unit is 864 m³/h. The average daily flow of the individual MBR train is dependent on the water temperature. During the winter period (water temperature < 10 °C), the average daily flow of the MBR train is 216 m³/h. During the interim period (water temperature 10 °C ≤ T < 12 °C) and the summer period (water temperature ≥ 12 °C), the average daily flow of the MBR train is 288 m³/h. The number of trains in production is calculated based on the plant demand and the water level in aeration basins. There are 2–4 trains in production (filtrating) at the same time.
Membranes are sensitive for large particles and mechanical wear. Fine screening is thus a particularly important step at the beginning of the MBR unit. Membrane cleaning and prevention of fouling and clogging play an important role in maintaining the efficiency of filtering. Solid matter can be removed from the membrane surface with constant membrane aeration and with backpulse. In addition, there are chemical cleanings for the membranes. Maintenance clean is done 1–3 times a week for every MBR train and recovery clean is done 1–2 times a year for each train. Sodium hypochlorite and citric acid can be used for the cleanings.
After the commissioning in October–December 2018, purifying results of the MBR unit has been very good compared to requirements and results of the conventional activated sludge process. MBR permeate is almost free from suspended solids. In addition, phosphorus, COD and BOD have been removed extremely effectively. Based on the bacteria analysis, membrane filtration has removed E. coli and enterococcus bacteria effectively from wastewater. In this Thesis, purifying results considering suspended solids, total phosphorus, total nitrogen, CODcr and BOD7ATU are presented. In addition, bacteria analysis and analysis for European Pollutant and Transfer Register are considered.
MBR is a new technology in Finland and its challenging and changing climate. Cold melting waters in spring, total nitrogen removal in summer and the autumn rains create their own challenges for membrane filtration, but also require different solutions for the process. The results from the Taskila MBR unit and the operation of the process under different conditions will give valuable experiences for potential new MBR plants in Finland and in the Nordic countries.
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Barata, Rui Miguel Charnock. "Do mar à cidade." Master's thesis, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Arquitetura, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/13916.
Full textAbstract:
Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Arquitetura, com a especialização em Arquitetura, apresentada na Faculdade de Arquitetura da Universidade de Lisboa para obtenção do grau de Mestre.Depois do mar, chegamos a Lisboa de barco. Em silêncio atracamos à margem árida. O comboio passa e desenha um muro vedado. Deste lado ninguém nos recebe, nem vê chegar – do outro, a cidade de Lisboa. Consequente da linha de comboio que separa Lisboa da sua margem com o rio Tejo, ainda se verifica o isolamento e degradação de certas partes da frente ribeirinha. O presente trabalho pretende contribuir para o casamento entre o mar e a cidade, e ligar a área de Pedrouços ao território ribeirinho e cidade de Lisboa. O projecto trata a requalificação e renovação urbana do aterro portuário pós-industrial de Pedrouços, antiga “Doca Pesca”. O tema “Do Mar à Cidade” surge da experiência de chegada do mar à cidade. Pretende-se abordar a requalificação de um porto e territórios costeiros tendo em conta essa perspectiva. Propõe-se a reconversão da formal doca de pesca em doca de recreio, um pólo marítimo – equipamento de apoio ao desporto e recreio marítimo – e a manutenção do estaleiro de vela de recreio existente. Paralelo ao programa de índole náutico, projecta-se habitação, restaurantes, jardins, e um parque que se espelha aos jardins de Algés – tendo por eixo de simetria a linha férrea – e redesenha-se o limite das praias de Pedrouços e Algés, procurando a repristinação do seu território. Apresenta-se um projecto que, concretiza a ligação ribeirinha entre Belém e Algés, apresenta uma margem do rio Tejo aos habitantes da sua proximidade, assim como à população que aí procurará o seu espaço de trabalho, habitação e de lazer, e recebe quem chega do mar à cidade de Lisboa.
ABSTRACT : With the sea behind us, we approach Lisbon by boat. Silently, we make port on the arid dock. The train passes by and creates a barrier. On this side of the railway line no one greets us or acknowledges our arrival – on the other side, lies the city of Lisbon. As a result of the railway line that separates Lisbon from its river Tagus, decay and isolation still characterize parts of Lisbon´s waterfront. The present work aims to contribute to the connection between the city and the sea, and unify the Pedrouços area with Lisbon city and the waterfront. The project comprises the requalification and urban renovation of the post-industrial dock of Pedrouços, formerly the “Doca Pesca”. The subject “Do Mar à Cidade” which translates to “From the Sea to the City”, derives from the experience of arriving at the city by sea, and its application to the subject of requalifying a waterfront and its ports. The project is defined by the reconversion of the former fishing dock into a recreational dock, a maritime centre for nautical sport and recreational activities, and the integration of the existing shipyard. In addition, the project includes housing, restaurants, gardens, and a park which runs symmetrical to the Algés gardens – with the railway line as the axis – and we redefine the border that characterizes the beaches of Pedrouços and Algés, thus achieving its repristination. The project will reconnect the areas of Belém and Algés, and open this particular part of the city´s waterfront to its inhabitants who will the able to choose the location as a place to live, work and play, welcoming those who approach Lisbon by sea.
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