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Klin-eam, Chakkrid, and Prondanai Kaskasem. "Fixed Point Theorems for Cyclic Contractions inC⁎-Algebra-Valuedb-Metric Spaces." Journal of Function Spaces 2016 (2016): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/7827040.
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We study fundamental properties ofC⁎-algebra-valuedb-metric space which was introduced by Ma and Jiang (2015) and give some fixed point theorems for cyclic mapping with contractive and expansive condition on such space analogous to the results presented in Ma and Jiang, 2015.
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Wijaya, A., and N. Hariadi. "Fixed point theorem with contractive mapping on C*-Algebra valued G-Metric Space." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2106, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2106/1/012015.
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Abstract Banach-Caccioppoli Fixed Point Theorem is an interesting theorem in metric space theory. This theorem states that if T : X → X is a contractive mapping on complete metric space, then T has a unique fixed point. In 2018, the notion of C *-algebra valued G-metric space was introduced by Congcong Shen, Lining Jiang, and Zhenhua Ma. The C *-algebra valued G-metric space is a generalization of the G-metric space and the C*-algebra valued metric space, meanwhile the G-metric space and the C *-algebra valued metric space itself is a generalization of known metric space. The G-metric generalized the domain of metric from X × X into X × X × X, the C *-algebra valued metric generalized the codomain from real number into C *-algebra, and the C *-algebra valued G-metric space generalized both the domain and the codomain. In C *-algebra valued G-metric space, there is one theorem that is similar to the Banach-Caccioppoli Fixed Point Theorem, called by fixed point theorem with contractive mapping on C *-algebra valued G-metric space. This theorem is already proven by Congcong Shen, Lining Jiang, Zhenhua Ma (2018). In this paper, we discuss another new proof of this theorem by using the metric function d(x, y) = max{G(x, x, y),G(y, x, x)}.
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Li, Chun, Nicholas C. Fraser, Olivier Rieppel, Li-Jun Zhao, and Li-Ting Wang. "A new diapsid from the Middle Triassic of southern China." Journal of Paleontology 91, no. 6 (April 26, 2017): 1306–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jpa.2017.12.
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AbstractThe Middle and early Late Triassic of southern China is well known for a remarkable diversity of marine vertebrates, particularly reptiles, including an abundance of intriguing new forms (e.g., Jiang et al., 2005; Hu et al., 2011; Li et al., 2016). Here we describe a new diapsid from Yunnan Province. It possesses an elongate neck that exhibits a remarkable similarity to that of many Protorosauria, yet in other respects the skull and postcranium are much less derived.The new taxon is part of the so-called Panxian-Luoping Fauna and the deposits correspond to the Upper Member of the Guanling Formation, comprising thin to medium bedded, gray to dark-gray laminated marly limestone and limestone, with several layers of bentonite intercalated in the fossil level at Panxian (Wan, 2002; Motani et al., 2008; Jiang et al., 2009). Their age is Pelsonian (middle Anisian, Middle Triassic) as is indicated by the conodont Nicoraella kockeli Zone (Sun et al., 2006; Zhang et al., 2009). A recent U-Pb study indicates the absolute age of these middle Anisian beds to be close to 244 Ma (Wang et al., 2014).
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Artiushin, S., J. F. Timoney, J. Nally, and A. Verma. "Host-Inducible Immunogenic Sphingomyelinase-Like Protein, Lk73.5, of Leptospira interrogans." Infection and Immunity 72, no. 2 (February 2004): 742–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.72.2.742-749.2004.
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ABSTRACT Leptospira interrogans causes a variety of clinical syndromes in animals and humans. Although much information has accumulated on the importance of leptospiral lipopolysaccharide in protective antibody responses, relatively little is known about proteins that participate in immune responses. Identification of those proteins induced only in the host is particularly difficult. Using a novel double-antibody screen designed to identify clones in a gene library of L. interrogans serovar Pomona expressing host-inducible proteins, we have characterized a gene (lk75.3) encoding a sphingomyelinase-like preprotein of 648 amino acids with cytotoxic activity for equine pulmonary endothelial cells and weak hemolytic activity for equine and rabbit erythrocytes. lk73.5 was found as a single gene copy in all serovars of L. interrogans but not in other Leptospira spp. except L. inadai. The open reading frame (ORF) for Lk73.5 is followed by another partially homologous sequence containing an ORF (sph-like 2) for a 28.7-kDa peptide. Lk73.5 and Sph-like 2 share 95.1 and 97.7% amino acid identity with putative sphingomyelinases Sph2 and Sph1 (N terminus) from L. interrogans serovar Lai (S.-X. Ren, G. Fu, X.-G. Jiangk, R. Zeng, Y.-G. Miao, H. Xu, Y.-X. Zhang, H. Xiong, G. Lu, L.-F. Lu, H.-Q. Jiang, J. Jia, Y.-F. Tu, J.-X. Jiang, W.-Y. Gu, Y.-Q. Zhang, Z. Cai, H.-H. Sheng, H.-F. Yin, Y. Zhang, G.-F. Zhu, M. Wank, H.-L. Huangk, Z. Qian, S.-Y. Wang, Wei Ma, Z.-J. Yao, Y. Shen, B.-Q. Qiang, Q.-C. Xia, X.-K. Guo, A. Danchinq, I. S. Girons, R. L. Somerville, Y.-M. Wen, M.-H. Shik, Z. Chen, J.-G. Xuk, and G.-P. Zhao, Nature 422:88-893, 2003). Substantial homologies to sphingomyelinases from other leptospiras and other bacteria are also present. Lk73.5 was not detected in leptospiras cultured at 30 or 37°C. The recombinant protein reacted strongly with sera from recently infected mares but not with sera from horses vaccinated with commercial pentavalent bacterin. The host-inducible immunogenic Lk73.5 should have value in distinguishing vaccine from infection immune response.
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Li, Qian, Yiya Chen, and Ziyu Xiong. "Tianjin Mandarin." Journal of the International Phonetic Association 49, no. 1 (July 12, 2017): 109–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025100317000287.
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Tianjin Mandarin is a member of the northern Mandarin Chinese family (ISO 693-3: [cmn]). It is spoken in the urban areas of the Tianjin Municipality (CN-12) in the People's Republic of China, which is about 120 kilometers to the southeast of Beijing. Existing studies on Tianjin Mandarin have focused mainly on its tonal aspects, especially its intriguing tone sandhi system, with few studies examining the segmental aspects (on tone, see e.g. Li & Liu 1985, Shi 1986, Liu 1993, Lu 1997, Wang & Jiang 1997, Chen 2000, Liu & Gao 2003, Ma 2005, Ma & Jia 2006, Zhang & Liu 2011, Li & Chen 2016; on segmental aspects, see e.g. Han 1993a, b; Wee, Yan & Chen 2005). As also noted in Wee et al. (2005), this is probably due to the similarity in segmental structures between Tianjin Mandarin and Standard Chinese, especially among speakers of the younger generation, and what differentiates the two Mandarin varieties is most notably their tonal systems. The aim of the present description is therefore to provide a systematic phonetic description of both segmental and tonal aspects of Tianjin Mandarin, with main focus on the tonal aspects.
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Wang, Haotian. "Transition-Metal Single Atom Catalysts for Highly Efficient Artificial Photosynthesis." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2018-01, no. 31 (April 13, 2018): 1919. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2018-01/31/1919.
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Utilizing solar energy to fix CO2 with water into chemical fuels and oxygen, a mimic process of photosynthesis in nature, is becoming increasingly important but still challenged by low selectivity and activity, especially in CO2 electrocatalytic reduction. Here, we report transition-metal atoms coordinated in a graphene shell as active centers for aqueous CO2 reduction to CO with high Faradaic efficiencies over 90% under significant currents up to ∼60 mA/mg 1 or a CO evolution rate of 3.81 mmol/h.2 We employed three-dimensional atom probe tomography to directly identify the single Ni atomic sites in graphene vacancies. Theoretical simulations suggest that compared with metallic Ni, the Ni atomic sites present different electronic structures that facilitate CO2-to-CO conversion and suppress the competing hydrogen evolution reaction dramatically. Coupled with Li+-tuned Co3O4 oxygen evolution catalyst and powered by a triple-junction solar cell, our artificial photosynthesis system achieves a peak solar-to-CO efficiency of 12.7% by using earth-abundant transition-metal electrocatalysts in a pH-equal system. References (1) Jiang, K.; Siahrostami, S.; Akey, A.J.; Li, Y.; Lu, Z.; Lattimer, J; Hu, Y.; Stokes, C.; Gangishetty, M.; Chen, G.; Zhou, Y.; Hill, W.; Cai, W.B.; Bell, D.C.; Chan, K.; Nørskov, J.K.; Cui, Y.; Wang, H. Chem 2017 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chempr.2017.09.014. (2) Jiang, K.; Siahrostami, S.; Zheng, T.; Hu, Y.; Hwang, S.; Stavitski, E.; Peng, Y; Dynes, J.; Gangishetty, M.; Su, D.; Attenkofer, K.; Wang, H. submitted.
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SUTTMEIER, RICHARD P. "Technological Superpower China. By JON SIGURDSON, JIANG JIANG, KONG XINXIN, WANG YONGZHONG and TANG YULI. [Cheltenham, Glos. and Northampton, MA: Edward Elgar, 2005. xviii + 347 pp. £75.00. ISBN 1-84542-376-3.]." China Quarterly 187 (September 2006): 771–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305741006250422.
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Huang, Jianbo, Xiaogang Bao, Wenjun Xia, Lingjun Zhu, Jin Zhang, Jing Ma, Nan Jiang, et al. "Functional analysis of a de novo mutation c.1692 del A of the PHEX gene in a Chinese family with X-linked hypophosphataemic rickets." Bone & Joint Research 8, no. 8 (August 2019): 405–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1302/2046-3758.88.bjr-2018-0276.r1.
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Objectives X-linked hypophosphataemic rickets (XLHR) is a disease of impaired bone mineralization characterized by hypophosphataemia caused by renal phosphate wasting. The main clinical manifestations of the disorder are O-shaped legs, X-shaped legs, delayed growth, and bone pain. XLHR is the most common inheritable form of rickets, with an incidence of 1/20 000 in humans. It accounts for approximately 80% of familial cases of hypophosphataemia and serves as the prototype of defective tubular phosphate (PO43+) transport, due to extra renal defects resulting in unregulated FGF23 activity. XLHR is caused by loss-of-function mutations in the PHEX gene. The aim of this research was to identify the genetic defect responsible for familial hypophosphataemic rickets in a four-generation Chinese Han pedigree and to analyze the function of this mutation. Methods The genome DNA samples of all members in the pedigree were extracted from whole blood. We sequenced all exons of the PHEX and FGF23 genes, as well as the adjacent splice site sequence with Sanger sequencing. Next, we analyzed the de novo mutation c.1692 del A of the PHEX gene with an online digital service and investigated the mutant PHEX with SWISS-MODEL, immunofluorescence, and protein stability detection. Results Through Sanger sequencing, we found a de novo mutation, c.1692 del A, in exon 16 of the PHEX gene in this pedigree. This mutation can make the PHEX protein become unstable and decay rapidly, which results in familial XLHR. Conclusion We have found a de novo loss-of-function mutation, c.1692 del A, in exon 16 of the PHEX gene that can cause XLHR. Cite this article: J. Huang, X. Bao, W. Xia, L. Zhu, J. Zhang, J. Ma, N. Jiang, J. Yang, Q. Chen, T. Jing, J. Liu, D. Ma, G. Xu. Functional analysis of a de novo mutation c.1692 del A of the PHEX gene in a Chinese family with X-linked hypophosphataemic rickets. Bone Joint Res 2019;8:405–413. DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.88.BJR-2018-0276.R1.
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Karin, Kimberly N., Justin L. Poklis, and Michelle R. Peace. "Evaluation of extraction methods for pharmacologically active compounds from anticonvulsant traditional Chinese medicines: Gou Teng, Tian Ma, Jiang Can using DART-TOF-MS." Analytical Methods 13, no. 7 (2021): 884–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0ay02015j.
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With the popularity of natural products, rapid analysis of pharmacologically active analytes from natural matrices is critical for public health. Microwave-assisted extraction with DART-MS provides efficient analysis of analytes from herbal matrices.
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Lazrak, Ahmed, and Sadis Matalon. "cAMP-induced changes of apical membrane potentials of confluent H441 monolayers." American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology 285, no. 2 (August 2003): L443—L450. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajplung.00412.2002.
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We recorded apical membrane potentials ( Va) of H441 cells [a human lung cell line exhibiting both epithelial Na+ (ENaC) and CFTR-type channels] grown as confluent monolayers, using the microelectrode technique in current-clamp mode before, during, and after perfusion of the apical membranes with 10 μM forskolin. When perfused with normal Ringer solution, the cells had a Va of -43 ± 10 mV (means ± SD; n = 31). Perfusion with forskolin resulted in sustained depolarization by 25.0 ± 3.5 mV (means ± SD; n = 23) and increased the number, open time, and the open probability of a 4.2-pS ENaC. In contrast to a previous report (Jiang J, Song C, Koller BH, Matthay MA, and Verkman AS. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 275: C1610–C1620, 1998), no transient hyperpolarization was observed. The forskolin-induced depolarization of Va was almost totally prevented by pretreatment of monolayers with 10 μM amiloride or by substitution of Na+ ions in the bath solution with N-methyl-d-glucamine. These findings indicate that cAMP stimulation of Na+ influx across H441 confluent monolayers results from activation of an amiloride-sensitive apical Na+ conductance and not from Va hyperpolarization due to Cl- influx through CFTR-type channels.
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Li, Jiatao, and Guoguang Wan. "China's Cross-border Mergers and Acquisitions: A Contextual Distance Perspective." Management and Organization Review 12, no. 3 (September 2016): 449–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/mor.2016.23.
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Outward foreign direct investment (OFDI) by Chinese firms has received considerable research attention recently (Li, Cui, & Lu, 2014; Lu, Liu, Wright, & Filatotchev, 2014; Xia, Ma, Lu, & Yiu, 2014). In particular, a number of studies have focused on cross-border mergers and acquisitions (M&As) involving Chinese firms (Li, Li, & Wang, 2016; Li & Xie, 2013; Xie & Li, 2016; Zhang, Zhou, & Ebbers, 2011). Following Child and Marinova's (2014) suggestion that both the home and host country institutional contexts play important roles in determining M&A activity, Buckley and his colleagues have examined how China's ‘Go Global’ policy influences the location choices in Chinese acquisitions and also how host country political risks affect such activities (Buckley et al., 2016). They looked into national political and legal conditions (see also Meyer, Estrin, Bhaumik, & Peng, 2009), and also examined a large dataset on China's cross-border M&As. Much of the previous work in this area has focused on greenfield investments (Duanmu, 2012; Kang & Jiang, 2012), so the work of Buckley et al. (2016) has broken new ground.
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Chang, Gordon H. "Robert S. Ross and Jiang Changbin, Re-examining the Cold War: U.S.-China Diplomacy, 1954–1973. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2001. 504 pp. $25.00." Journal of Cold War Studies 6, no. 2 (April 2004): 80–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jcws.2004.6.2.80.
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Lou, Zhe, Tanara Zingano Kuhn, and Margarita Correia. "O desenho de uma aplicação de MAVL em PLE destinado a aprendentes chineses." Entrepalavras 11, no. 11esp (January 25, 2022): 313. http://dx.doi.org/10.22168/2237-6321-11esp2126.
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O presente trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar o desenho de uma aplicaçãode Mobile-assisted Vocabulary Learning (MAVL) em Português como Língua Estrangeira (PLE) destinada a aprendentes chineses, a UVA. O conteúdo do desenho é baseado em investigações sobre ensino-aprendizagem de vocabulário em língua estrangeira (NATION, 1990, 2000; MA, 2006, 2009; BEATTY, 2010a; BEATTY, 2010b; JIANG, 2000) e na adaptação das estratégias de O'Malley e Chamot (1990) e Oxford (1990a). Além disso, o processo de aprendizagem na aplicação baseia-se em diversos estudos no âmbito da aprendizagem assistida por tecnologia (GOODFELLOW, 2006; LAUFER et al., 2000; GROOT, 2000). Na UVA, pretende-se dar conta da realidade da aprendizagem de vocabulário de língua portuguesa e dos hábitos e necessidades no uso de aplicações de MAVL dos aprendentes chineses. Para isso, foi aplicado um inquéritoa 133 aprendentes chineses, cujos resultados nos ofereceram informação imprescindível para um desenho da aplicação mais adequado ao público-alvo. A estrutura da UVA consiste em cinco módulos: Escolha de Vocabulário a aprender; Aprendizagem de Vocabulário (subdividido em três etapas: dedução, consolidação e retomada); Dicionário; Administração de Aprendizagem e Campo Social. Trata-se de um recurso inédito que busca facilitar e flexibilizar a aprendizagem de vocabulário em PLE e aumentar a eficácia da aprendizagem.
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Velpandian, Muthuraja, and Praveen Meduri. "(Digital Presentation) Interface Engineering of Transition Metal-Selenide Heterostructures for Application in Electrochemical Water-Splitting." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-01, no. 41 (July 7, 2022): 2490. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-01412490mtgabs.
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Transition metal selenides (TMS) have sparked great interest in energy storage and catalysis because they are direct bandgap materials, have a highly layered structure, high redox activity, abundant active sites at the edges, short diffusion paths, and large surface area1. However, low electrical conductivity and structural instability result in long-term performance degradation. The development of high-performance water electrolyzers and metal-air batteries requires the design and construction of efficient TMS electrocatalysts. In order to boost electrochemical activity, increasing emphasis has been devoted to interface engineering of TMS heterostructures through manipulation of composition, adjustment of crystal facets, and heteroatomic doping2. Interface engineering helps in optimizing reaction intermediates, modulating charge carrier characteristics, and preventing the aggregation of active components. Herein, we designed and studied the interface between hydrothermally synthesized tin selenide (SnSe2) and tungsten selenide (WSe2). The intimate electronic interaction between the bimetallic selenides leads to a rich interface boundary that reduces the surface energy and creates a larger number of active sites involved in both the hydrogen evolution and oxygen evolution reactions3. These heterostructures exhibited a low overpotential of 180 mV at 10 mA cm-2 and good stability of up to 12 hours for the hydrogen evolution reaction, and a low overpotential of 250 mV at 10 mA cm-2 and stability up to 12 hours for the oxygen evolution reaction. This study gives a better insight into the design of TMS heterostructures using interface engineering for high electrocatalytic activity. References: (1) Gbadamasi, S.; Mohiuddin, M.; Krishnamurthi, V.; Verma, R.; Khan, M. W.; Pathak, S.; Kalantar-Zadeh, K.; Mahmood, N. Interface Chemistry of Two-Dimensional Heterostructures – Fundamentals to Applications. Chem. Soc. Rev. 2021, 50 (7), 4684–4729. https://doi.org/10.1039/D0CS01070G. (2) Zhao, R.; Li, Q.; Jiang, X.; Huang, S.; Fu, G.; Lee, J.-M. Interface Engineering in Transition Metal-Based Heterostructures for Oxygen Electrocatalysis. Mater. Chem. Front. 2021, 5 (3), 1033–1059. https://doi.org/10.1039/D0QM00729C. (3) Chen, P.; Tong, Y.; Wu, C.; Xie, Y. Surface/Interfacial Engineering of Inorganic Low-Dimensional Electrode Materials for Electrocatalysis. Acc. Chem. Res. 2018, 51 (11), 2857–2866. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.accounts.8b00266.
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Yang, Annan, Jie Jiang, Ziyue Li, Kevin S. Kapner, Hanrong Feng, Kristen E. Lowder, Miljan Kuljanin, et al. "Abstract A057: Therapeutic efficacy of selective CDK7 inhibition in pancreatic cancer mediated by induction of R-loop formation, DNA replication stress and genomic instability." Cancer Research 82, no. 22_Supplement (November 15, 2022): A057. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.panca22-a057.
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Abstract Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a devastating cancer with 5-year overall survival of less than 10% and few effective therapies. Here, we demonstrate that cyclin dependent kinase 7 (CDK7) is essential for the proliferation and viability of PDAC cells by showing potent anti-tumor efficacy for the CDK7-specific inhibitor YKL-5-124 in preclinical PDAC models. Selective CDK7 inhibition leads to G2/M cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in PDAC, while mediating a more modest transcriptional response compared with multi-targeted CDK7 inhibitors. YKL-5-124 treatment impairs DNA damage repair pathways in PDAC cells and evokes genomic instability by inducing R-loop formation and DNA replication stress in telomeric regions leading to chromosomal bridging and micronuclei formation. Furthermore, we demonstrate that selective CDK7 inhibition has in vitro and in vivo combinatorial efficacy with gemcitabine chemotherapy through pronounced induction of replication stress and apoptosis. Collectively, these findings support selective CDK7 inhibition as a promising therapeutic strategy for PDAC. Citation Format: Annan Yang, Jie Jiang, Ziyue Li, Kevin S. Kapner, Hanrong Feng, Kristen E. Lowder, Miljan Kuljanin, Whiteny Johnson, Giselle Uribe, Jasper E. Neggers, Shengwu Liu, Tinghu Zhang, James Decaprio, Ewa Sicinska, Brian M. Wolpin, Nicholas P. Kwiatkowski, Stephanie K. Dougan, Joseph D. Mancias, Nathanael S. Gray, Andrew J. Aguirre. Therapeutic efficacy of selective CDK7 inhibition in pancreatic cancer mediated by induction of R-loop formation, DNA replication stress and genomic instability [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Pancreatic Cancer; 2022 Sep 13-16; Boston, MA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(22 Suppl):Abstract nr A057.
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Vala, Carsten. "Ma Jian, China Dream." International Journal for the Study of the Christian Church 19, no. 2-3 (July 3, 2019): 192–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1474225x.2019.1663397.
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Cai, Sui Xiong, Ning Ma, Xiaozhu Wang, Yangzhen Jiang, Mingchuan Guo, Chih-Yi Hsieh, and Ye Edward Tian. "Abstract 1399: Discovery and development of PARP inhibitor senaparib." Cancer Research 82, no. 12_Supplement (June 15, 2022): 1399. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2022-1399.
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Abstract Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) is a key enzyme for DNA repair. PARP inhibitors have been shown to be effective against cancers with DNA repair defects, such as with BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations. Several PARP inhibitors, including olaparib, rucaparib, niraparib, talazoparib, fluzoparib and pamiparib have been approved for the treatment of several types of cancer. In this presentation, we will report our discovery and development of senaparib (IMP4297) as a potent PARP inhibitor. We will present studies led to the identification of senaparib as a clinical candidate, as well as IND enabling in vitro and in vivo characterization of senaparib. Preclinical data indicated that senaparib had a wide therapeutic window (single agent effective dose of 2.5-21 mg/kg QD, in a BRCA1 mutated MDA-MB-436 human breast cancer xenograft model), which was confirmed in clinical studies (effective dose of 20-120 mg QD, and no DLT was found up to 150 mg QD). Senaparib is currently in several phase I/II, phase II and phase III clinical studies for the treatment of multiple tumor types either as single agent or in combination with temozolomide (TMZ). The most advanced study of senaparib is a phase III study as maintenance therapy in platinum-sensitive advanced ovarian cancer patients following first-line chemotherapy (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04169997). Citation Format: Sui Xiong Cai, Ning Ma, Xiaozhu Wang, Yangzhen Jiang, Mingchuan Guo, Chih-Yi Hsieh, Ye Edward Tian. Discovery and development of PARP inhibitor senaparib [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 1399.
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Ezendiokwere, Nnamdi, Ogbonna Joel, Victor Aimikhe, and Adewale Dosunmu. "Comparative analysis of non-recursive three-dimensional (3D) modifications of Hoek-Brown failure criterion." Soils and Rocks 45, no. 2 (February 21, 2022): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.28927/sr.2022.070821.
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A comparative analysis of three-dimensional (3D) modifications of Hoek & Brown (1988) rock failure criterion was carried out. The correlations between failure stress and the other principal stresses were first determined using polyaxial test data for five geomaterials including KTB amphibolites, Westerly granite, Dunham dolomite, Shirahama sandstone and Yuubari shale. The prediction accuracies of five non-recursive, three-dimensional modifications to Hoek-Brown failure criteria and the original two-dimensional Hoek-Brown criterion were later investigated using root mean square error and coefficient of determination as measures of misfit. The results reveal that the intermediate principal stress significantly affects strength in geomaterials like the Dunham dolomite. It also moderately affects the strength of geomaterials like the KTB amphibolites, the Westerly granite and the Yuubari shale. Moreover, the intermediate principal stress has mixed effects on strength in the Shirahama sandstone. In addition, the original Hoek-Brown failure criterion could still be used with reasonable accuracy for geomaterials whose strength shows low dependence on the intermediate principal stress. While a three-dimensional Hoek-Brown criterion must be used for geomaterials like the Dunham dolomite, whose strength shows a high dependence on the intermediate principal stress. The original Hoek-Brown failure criteria should be used with caution for geomaterials like the Shirahama sandstone, the KTB amphibolites, the Westerly granite, and the Yuubari shale, whose strength shows either mixed or intermediate dependence on the intermediate principal stress. Average prediction accuracies followed the order: simplified Priest (2012), Ma et al. (2020), and Jiang & Zhao (2015). Both original Hoek & Brown (1988) and Li et al. (2021) criteria were tied, while Liu et al. (2019) was the least.
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Pawłowski, Józef. "System władzy w ChRL w okresie reform: Ewolucja, wyzwania, sprzeczności. Część I: lata 1978-2002." Roczniki Humanistyczne 68, no. 9 (October 8, 2020): 67–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.18290/rh20689-4.
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Autor artykułu analizuje główne cechy systemu politycznego Chińskiej Republiki Ludowej oraz zmiany w strukturze władzy Komunistycznej Partii Chin od czasu wprowadzenia reform i polityki otwarcia. Rozpatruje kluczowe elementy procesu decyzyjnego, instytucje, model zarządzania i przywództwo ChRL w czasach Deng Xiaopinga, Jiang Zemina, Hu Jintao i Xi Jinpinga. Od początku lat 80. chiński system polityczny przeszedł transformację od rządów jednego człowieka do „przywództwa kolektywnego”, stojąc przed różnymi wyzwaniami w zarządzaniu krajem i podtrzymywaniu procesu reform. Pogłębienie reform gospodarczych, które rozpoczęło się w latach 90., wymagało znacznego podniesienia zdolności państwa do sprawowania rządów i przyjęcia bardziej elastycznego podejścia do przewodniej ideologii partii. W rezultacie najwyższe chińskie organy decyzyjne zaczęły ewoluować w profesjonalne „rady nadzorcze”, wspierane przez wysoko wykształcone kadry, ekspertów i zespoły ekspertów. Koniec zasady „silnej ręki” Deng Xiaopinga doprowadził jednak do powstania wielu frakcji i grup interesów wewnatrz partii, z których każda ma odmienne poglądy na temat sposobu i zakresu, w jakim takie reformy należy przeprowadzić. W ciągu ostatnich dwóch dekad ta frakcja wywarła negatywny wpływ na transformację gospodarczą i społeczną Chin, a także zapoczątkowała proces wewnętrznego rozkładu partii. W obliczu rosnącej liczby wyzwań związanych z rozwojem Chin i braku politycznej jedności w Komunistycznej Partii Chin przywódcy starali się zmienić porządek struktury władzy i usprawnić proces reform. Mimo że udało mu się skonsolidować władzę polityczną i częściowo wyeliminować niektóre z najpoważniejszych problemów, takich jak korupcja, niezadowolenie wewnątrz partii przeważyło i wzrosło, co doprowadziło do widocznego spadku tempa reform w ciągu ostatnich kilku lat, a także do wzrostu liczby głosów domagających się gruntownej zmiany w systemie politycznym. Artykuł kończy się uwagami dotyczącymi dalszej ewolucji systemu politycznego w ChRL i możliwych zmian w kierownictwie partii.
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Fan, Lijun, Yicheng Zhao, and Yongdan Li. "Effects of Surface Modification on the Electrochemical Oxidation Reactivity of Activated Carbon in Direct Carbon Fuel Cells." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2018-01, no. 32 (April 13, 2018): 1975. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2018-01/32/1975.
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A direct carbon fuel cell (DCFC) is the only fuel cell type that converts the chemical energy stored in solid carbon, which could be obtained from coal and biomass, into electricity directly via an electrochemical route with a higher energy efficiency and less pollution than conventional coal-fired power plants [1, 2]. In this work, the effect of the surface properties of carbon fuel on its electrochemical oxidation reactivity is investigated. Activated carbon (AC) is pre-treated with HNO3 and NaOH, respectively, both of which decrease the graphitization degree and increase the oxygen content of AC. The amount of hydroxyl groups on the surface of AC increases after the treatments with HNO3 and NaOH, and then decreases during the subsequent heating process in an inert atmosphere. On the contrary, the carbonyl groups on the surface of AC-HNO3 remain stable during the heating process. AC-HNO3 shows the highest reactivity towards oxidation and reverse Boudouard reactions due to its lowest graphitization degree and highest oxygen content. The performance of the cell supported by a 380-μm-thick yttria stabilized zirconia electrolyte layer with 60 mol% La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3-40 mol% Gd2O3 doped CeO2 as the electrodes is investigated with various fuels. The cell with AC-HNO3 as the fuel exhibits the highest maximum power density of 81 mW cm-2 at 800 oC. Fig. 1. I-V and I-P curves of single cells with various carbon fuels at 800 oC References [1] Jiang C, Ma J, Corre G, et al. Chemical Society Reviews, 2017, 46(10): 2889-2912 [2] Jang H, Park Y, Lee J. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2017, 308: 974–979. Figure 1
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Liang, Yelin, Yuheng Zhao, Qian Li, Wei Jiang, Jun Ma, Na Liu, and Yingqin Li. "Abstract 5128: Identification and characterization of nasopharyngeal carcinoma prognostic subtypes based on a circRNA classifier: Implications of stratified treatment." Cancer Research 82, no. 12_Supplement (June 15, 2022): 5128. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2022-5128.
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Abstract Accurate risk stratification for patients with locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (LA-NPC) is crucial for treatment decisions and prognosis. Here, we introduce a circRNA-based classifier that could improve the prognostic stratification of LA-NPC patients. The circRNAs are identified by microarray profiling, followed by qRT-PCR validation and selection using a machine learning method in the training cohort (n = 170). Based on the proposed classifier, two prognostic-distinctive NPC subtypes are identified, namely the high-risk subtype (subtype H) and low-risk subtype (subtype L), which have significantly different disease-free survival (HR 2.99, 95% CI 1.58-5.67, P < 0.001). Validation in the internal cohort (n = 170) and external cohort (n = 150) yield similar results and the circRNA-based classifier is an independent risk factor of posttreatment relapse. Meanwhile, multiple interdependent features of different subtypes are observed, including relatively higher immune cell infiltration and immune-related pathways activation in subtype L; and predominant stromal, immunosuppressive and tumor-promoting components with moderate immune activation in subtype H. With a less aggressive and more immune-active tumor microenvironment, patients of subtype L could benefit from the addition of induction chemotherapy. In contrast, patients of subtype H, who are vulnerable to chemoresistance, display a strong tendency to benefit from additional immunotherapy. Overall, we define two NPC prognostic subtypes based on a circRNA classifier across multiple cohorts, which exhibit distinct biological ecosystems and suggest opportunities for the personalization of therapeutic regimens. Citation Format: Yelin Liang, Yuheng Zhao, Qian Li, Wei Jiang, Jun Ma, Na Liu, Yingqin Li. Identification and characterization of nasopharyngeal carcinoma prognostic subtypes based on a circRNA classifier: Implications of stratified treatment [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 5128.
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Xue, Kaiming, and Denis Yu. "(Digital Presentation) A 2.8V Reversible Sn-Li Battery." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-01, no. 1 (July 7, 2022): 80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-01180mtgabs.
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Tin (Sn) is a metal that is commonly used in our daily life. With the rapid development of lithium-ion battery in the past decades, Sn and its alloy, such as Sn-Cu[1], and Sn-Ni[2], Sn-Co[3] and Sn-Fe[4] have been used as anode for lithium-ion battery because they can undergo alloying/dealloying process with lithium ions and exhibit high capacity and suitable working voltage of about 0.4 V vs. Li/Li+. Sn can also undergo an oxidation reaction to Sn2+, with an electrode potential of about -0.14 V vs. SHE. It is therefore possible to also use Sn as a cathode material. Herein, we are first to demonstrate a metal-metal battery made up of Sn metal as the cathode and Li metal as the anode in organic electrolyte (see Fig. a). Sn foil and Li foil are simply assembled with 3M LiTFSI in dimethoxyethane/propylene carbonate (DME/PC) electrolyte in an Ar-filled glove box to form a pouch cell. During charging, Sn will give out two electrons and dissolves into the electrolyte as Sn2+, while during discharging, the metal ions will be re-deposited onto the cathode. Thus, the energy is stored in the form of Sn2+ in the electrolyte. The charge-discharge curves in Fig. b show that the operating voltage of the battery is about 2.8 V. Since Sn2+ that is dissolved into the electrolyte from the cathode has higher potential than the Li metal anode, any Sn2+ ions cross-over to the anode will be spontaneously reduced, decreasing the efficiency of the battery. To suppress such self-discharge process, an anion exchange membrane based on poly(ionic liquid) polymer coated on common polypropylene separator is adopted. The Sn-Li battery with the modified separator tested in a current rate of 0.2 mA cm-2 with a capacity limitation of 0.1 mAh cm-2 gives an average Coulombic efficiency about 99.5% and can be cycled for more than 1500 cycles(See Fig. c). We found that the stripping/deposition of Sn on the cathode, and its polarization depend strongly on the type of electrolyte used. With 3M LiTFSI in DME/PC electrolyte, the discharge voltage is lowered by about 0.05 V when the current density is increased from 0.2 mA cm-2 to 1 mA cm-2. More results on the factors affecting the charge-discharge performance of Sn-Li batteries will be discussed at the meeting. [1]X. F. Tan, S. D. McDonald, Q. Gu, Y. Hu, L. Wang, S. Matsumura, T. Nishimura, K. Nogita, Journal of Power Sources 2019, 415, 50. [2]H. Zhang, T. Shi, D. J. Wetzel, R. G. Nuzzo, P. V. Braun, Advanced Materials 2016, 28, 742. [3]J. Yang, J. Zhang, X. Zhou, Y. Ren, M. Jiang, J. Tang, ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 2018, 10, 35216. [4]Z. Lin, X. Lan, X. Xiong, R. Hu, Materials Chemistry Frontiers 2021, 5, 1185. Figure 1
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Norikawa, Yutaro, Xianduo Meng, Kouji Yasuda, and Toshiyuki Nohira. "(Invited) Effect of Temperature on the Crystal Structure and Surface Morphology of W Films Electrodeposited from Csf–Cscl Eutectic Melt." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-01, no. 23 (July 7, 2022): 1195. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-01231195mtgabs.
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1. Introduction Tungsten is a metal with excellent properties such as high heat resistance, high strength, and low thermal expansion, and is used for carbide tools, heat sinks, and fusion reactor diverters. However, due to its hardness and brittleness, tungsten is difficult to process into complex shapes and thin films. If tungsten plating on materials with good processability becomes possible, the range of applications will be greatly expanded. Therefore, as one of the plating methods, electrodeposition of tungsten in high-temperature molten salts has been investigated [1–3]. Our group has previously reported the electrodeposition of α-W films in molten KF–KCl–WO3 at 923 K and mixed phase films of α-W and β-W in molten CsF–CsCl–WO3 at 873 K [4]. We also reported that β-W films with mirror-like surface were electrodeposited in molten CsF–CsCl–WO3 at 773 K [5]. In the present study, we investigated the effect of bath temperature on the smoothness and crystal structure of W films electrodeposited from molten CsF–CsCl–WO3. We varied the temperature from 773 to 923 K and the cathodic current densities from 6 to 25 mA cm−2, and analyzed the electrodeposited W films on Cu plate substrates by XRD and SEM/EDX. 2. Experimental The experiments were carried out in eutectic CsF–CsCl melt (50:50 mol%, melting point 713 K) with WO3 (1.0 mol%) additive at various temperatures in the range of 773–923 K. The melt was placed in a graphite crucible and the experiments were conducted in an argon atmosphere in an airtight SS container. Cu plates were used as working electrodes and a glass-like carbon rod was used as a counter electrode. A Pt wire was used as a quasi-reference electrode and the potential was calibrated by Cs+/Cs potential measured at a Ag electrode. Samples prepared at cathodic current density of 6–25 mA cm−2 were washed with distilled water to remove adhered salts, and then analyzed by XRD and SEM/EDX. 3. Results and Discussion Fig. 1 shows the appearance of the samples obtained at 6–25 mA cm−2 and 773–923 K. No electrodeposits were obtained at 25 mA cm−2 and 773 K, which is due to the co-deposition of Cs metal fog because the potential during the electrolysis was close to 0 V with respect to Cs+/Cs potential. In other conditions, gray or silvery colored deposits were obtained. In particular, a mirror-like surface was obtained at 6 mA cm−2 and 773 K, indicating that the electrodeposited W film had a highly smooth surface. Fig. 2 presents the XRD patterns of the electrodeposits; all the XRD patterns were attributed to metallic W. However, only β-W was detected below 823 K, both α-W and β-W were detected at 873 K, and only α-W was detected at 923 K. This result indicates that the crystal structure of W obtained in molten CsF–CsCl–WO3 varies with bath temperature. To investigate the smoothness of each obtained W film, we performed cross-sectional SEM observation and surface roughness (Sa) measurement. Fig. 3 shows the cross-sectional SEM images. At all bath temperatures, the lower the current density, the smoother the surface becomes, and the higher the current density, the more uneven the surface becomes. This is because the concentration gradient of W(VI) ions in the diffusion layer becomes larger, and the electrodeposition of W proceeds preferentially on the convex surface. It was found at the same low current density that the lower the bath temperature, the higher the smoothness. In particular, the mirror-like W film obtained at 6 mA cm−2 and 773 K showed almost no irregularity in the cross-sectional SEM image. The surface roughness Sa was as small as 0.32 μm, indicating that the W film was extremely dense and smooth. The reason for the smoother surface at lower bath temperatures is speculated to be due to the crystal structure of β-W and the suppression of crystal growth. Acknowledgement The present address of Kouji Yasuda is Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto Univ. References [1] S. Senderoff and G. W. Mellors, Science, 153, 3743 (1966). [2] A. Katagiri, M. Suzuki, and Z. Takehara, J. Electrochem. Soc., 138, 767 (1991). [3] Y. Liu, Y. Zhang, F. Jiang, B. Fu, and N. Sun, J. Nucl. Mater., 442, S585 (2013). [4] T. Nohira, T. Ide, X. Meng, Y. Norikawa, and K. Yasuda, J. Electrochem. Soc., 168, 046505 (2021). [5] X. Meng, Y. Norikawa, and T. Nohira, Electrochem. Commun., 132, 107139 (2021). Figure 1
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Perkins, Corey, Jinmai Jiang, Hesam Hakimjavadi, David Quashie, Yating Mao, Jamel Ali, and Thomas D. Schmittgen. "Abstract PR003: Race plays a role on the rate of transdifferentiation in human pancreatic acinar ductal metaplasia and its' drug response." Cancer Research 82, no. 22_Supplement (November 15, 2022): PR003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.panca22-pr003.
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Abstract Pancreatic diseases (acute/chronic pancreatitis, type 2 diabetes, pancreatic cancer) disproportionately affect the Black/African American community in comparison to non-White Hispanics and Whites. Acinar to ductal metaplasia (ADM), the process by which pancreatic acinar cells transdifferentiate into ductal epithelial cells, is believed to be an initiating event of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Our lab has developed a 3D organoid assay to display ADM using primary, human pancreatic acinar cells to study the rate of transdifferentiation among these three different races. Preliminary data shows that the rate of ADM is occurring significantly faster (p < 0.05) in Blacks/African Americans (White=11, Hispanic=10, Black/African American=5), which may explain the disproportionately behind the incidence and mortality rates for this race in pancreatic diseases. We additionally use nanoparticles to study the biomechanical properties (I.e., viscoelasticity, storage modulus) of the ADM microenvironment which shows a stiffer microenvironment in Blacks/African Americans than for the other races (White=4, Hispanic=4, Black/African American=1). Furthermore, I study the use of histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors in reversing the process of ADM, which has consequently shown race-related outcomes, with Blacks/African Americans displaying a significant chemoresistance (p < 0.05) to HDAC treatment (White=6, Hispanic=6, Black/AA=3) by utilizing an ADM reversal index (ADMRI). Through further analysis, the plan is to continue procuring human samples from these three races to isolate an ADM-specific biomarker in relation race and drug reversal by studying the expression/activity of pancreatic associated genes by bulk-RNA and single-cell sequencing. Citation Format: Corey Perkins, Jinmai Jiang, Hesam Hakimjavadi, David Quashie Jr, Yating Mao, Jamel Ali, Thomas D. Schmittgen. Race plays a role on the rate of transdifferentiation in human pancreatic acinar ductal metaplasia and its' drug response [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Pancreatic Cancer; 2022 Sep 13-16; Boston, MA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(22 Suppl):Abstract nr PR003.
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Han, Fudong. "(Electrodeposition Division Early Career Investigator Award) Understanding and Controlling Electrodeposition of Li in Solid Electrolytes." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-02, no. 24 (October 9, 2022): 1007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-02241007mtgabs.
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The successful integration of Li metal anode with solid electrolytes seems to be a must for a high-energy-density solid-state battery. However, Li dendrites tend to form in solid electrolytes during Li plating. The formation of dendrites has been observed in solid electrolytes with various crystal structures from glass, glass-ceramic, poly-crystalline to single-crystalline materials, but the mechanism of such an unexpected dendrite growth remains elusive. In this presentation, I will introduce our understandings of lithium dendrite formation in solid electrolytes based on operando neutron depth profiling characterizations. The results highlight the important role of electronic conduction in solid electrolytes in the formation of isolated Li dendrites in solid electrolytes. I will then present our recent results in understanding the intrinsic value, voltage dependence, and charge carrier of electronic transport in typical lithium solid electrolytes. Lastly, I will introduce corresponding strategies to suppress dendrite formation in solid-state Li metal batteries. Reference s : [1] F. Han, A. S. Westover, J. Yue, X. Fan, F. Wang, M. Chi, D. N. Leonard, N. J. Dudney, H. Wang, C. Wang, Nature Energy, 4 (2019) 187. [2] F. Han, J. Yue, X. Zhu, C. Wang, Advanced Energy Materials, 8 (2018) 1703644. [3] F. Han, J. Yue, C. Chen, N. Zhao, X. Fan, Z. Ma, T. Gao, F. Wang, X. Guo, C. Wang, Joule, 2 (2018) 497. [4] X. Fan, X. Ji, F. Han, J. Yue, J. Chen, L. Chen, T. Deng, J. Jiang, C. Wang, Science Advances, 4 (2018) eaau9245. [5] R. Xu, F. Han, X. Fan, J. Tu, C. Wang, Nano Energy, 53 (2018) 958. [6] Y. Huang, B. Shao, F. Han, Current Opinions in Electrochemistry, 33 (2022) 100933. [7] Y. Huang, B. Shao, F. Han, Journal of Materials Chemistry A, 10 (2022) 12350. [8] F. Han, Y. Zhu, X. He, Y. Mo, C. Wang, Advanced Energy Materials, 6 (2016) 1501590. [9] F. Han, T. Gao, Y. Zhu, K. J. Gaskell, C. Wang, Advanced Materials, 27 (2015) 3473.
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Zhang, Yi, Guanjue Xiang, Yijia Alva Jiang, Allen Lynch, Zexian Zeng, Chenfei Wang, Wubing Zhang, et al. "Abstract B65: MetaTiME: meta-components of the tumor immune microenvironment." Cancer Immunology Research 10, no. 12_Supplement (December 1, 2022): B65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/2326-6074.tumimm22-b65.
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Abstract Recent advances in single-cell RNA sequencing have revealed heterogeneous cell types and gene expression states in the non-cancerous cells in tumors. The integration of multiple scRNA-seq datasets across tumors can reveal common cell types and states in the tumor microenvironment (TME). However, tumor scRNA analysis relies on clustering cells and annotating with markers from experts. Subsequent challenges include inconsistent cell type and state definition, different marker usage among studies, and that clustering doesn’t find continuous cell states. We developed a data-driven framework, MetaTiME, to overcome the limitations in resolution and consistency that result from manual labeling using known gene markers. Using millions of TME single cells, MetaTiME learns meta-components that encode independent components of gene expression observed across cancer types. The meta-components are biologically interpretable as cell types, cell states, and signaling activities. For example, the T cell co-signaling meta-component reflects co-expressed gene modules of multiple immune checkpoint blockade targets. Also, the tumor-infiltrating macrophage meta-components found macrophage states in different metabolism preferences, rather than the pro-inflammatory versus anti-inflammatory classifications. We also observed certain macrophage states associated with tumor prognosis and cancer immunotherapy response. By projecting onto the MetaTiME space, we provide a tool to annotate cell states and signature continuums for TME scRNA-seq data. Lastly, leveraging epigenetics data, MetaTiME reveals critical transcriptional regulators for the cell states. Overall, MetaTiME learns data-driven meta-components that depict cellular states and gene regulators for tumor immunity and cancer immunotherapy. Citation Format: Yi Zhang, Guanjue Xiang, Yijia Alva Jiang, Allen Lynch, Zexian Zeng, Chenfei Wang, Wubing Zhang, Jingyu Fan, Jiajinlong Kang, Shengqing Gu, Changxin Wan, Boning Zhang, Shirley Liu, Myles Brown, Clifford Meyer. MetaTiME: meta-components of the tumor immune microenvironment [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference: Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy; 2022 Oct 21-24; Boston, MA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Immunol Res 2022;10(12 Suppl):Abstract nr B65.
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Chen, Li, Yi-Zhou Jiang, Songyang Wu, Jiong Wu, Genhong Di, Guangyu Liu, Keda Yu, et al. "Abstract P2-14-04: Updated data from FUTURE-C-PLUS: Combination of famitinib with camrelizumab plus nab-paclitaxel as first-line treatment for advanced, immunomodulatory triple-negative breast cancer, an open-label, single-arm, phase 2 trial." Cancer Research 82, no. 4_Supplement (February 15, 2022): P2–14–04—P2–14–04. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs21-p2-14-04.
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Abstract Background Camrelizumab and nab-paclitaxel demonstrated promising anti-tumour activity in refractory metastatic immunomodulatory triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) in FUTURE trial. Anti-angiogenic agents have been reported to facilitate immune infiltration. Famitinib is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor targeting VEGFR-2, PDGFR and c-kit. The FUTURE-C-PLUS trial (NCT04129996) which added famitinib to camrelizumab and nab-paclitaxel is a single-arm, phase 2 trial evaluating this novel triplet combinatorial strategy in patients with advanced immunomodulatory TNBC. Study design and the primary endpoint ORR has been reported previously (Zhi-ming Shao, et al. ASCO 2021, Abstract 1007). Here, we reported the updated results of this trial. Method Briefly, this study enrolled women aged 18-70 years, with previously untreated, histologically confirmed, unresectable, locally advanced, recurrent or metastatic immunomodulatory TNBC. Immunomodulatory TNBC was defined as CD8 expression on at least 10% of cells using immunohistochemistry analysis. Eligible patients received the triple therapy. Study design has been reported previously in ASCO 2021. Results Between Oct 2019 and Oct 2020, 48 patients were enrolled and treated. 39 (81.3%, 95% CI 70.2-92.3) patients had a confirmed objective response which has been reported in ASCO 2021. At this updating data cutoff (June 30, 2021), the median progression-free survival was 11.9 months (95% CI, 7.3-16.5) with the median follow-up was 14.0 months. While overall survival data were not mature yet, a promising overall survival rate was observed at 12 months (84•2%, 95% CI 73.4-95.0) and 18 months (73.6%, 95% CI 52.0-95.2). In the 39 responders, median duration of response was also not mature. The disease control rate was 95.8% (46/48). The most common treatment-related grade 3 or 4 adverse events were neutropenia (16 [33.3%]), anemia (5 [10.4%]), febrile neutropenia (5 [10.4%]), and thrombocytopenia (4 [8.3%]). No treatment-related deaths were reported. Conclusions These data, combined with those from our previous reports, provide further evidence for the triplet combination of famitinib, camrelizumab and nab-paclitaxel as an active therapy in advanced Immunomodulatory TNBC. To our knowledge, this is the best objective response rate reached in first-line treatment of advanced TNBC. A randomized controlled FUTURE-Super trial (NCT04395989) is keeping recruiting patients to further validate those findings. Citation Format: Li Chen, Yi-Zhou Jiang, Songyang Wu, Jiong Wu, Genhong Di, Guangyu Liu, Keda Yu, Lei Fan, Junjie Li, Yifeng Hou, Zhen Hu, Canming Chen, Xiaoyan Huang, Ayong Cao, Xin Hu, Shen Zhao, Xiaoyan Ma, Xiaoyu Zhu, Jianjun Zou, Wentao Yang, Zhonghua Wang, Zhi-ming Shao. Updated data from FUTURE-C-PLUS: Combination of famitinib with camrelizumab plus nab-paclitaxel as first-line treatment for advanced, immunomodulatory triple-negative breast cancer, an open-label, single-arm, phase 2 trial [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2021 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2021 Dec 7-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P2-14-04.
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Sheikh Khairuddin, Sheikh Muhamad Hizam, Syed Sardar Hussain, and Aisha Khan. "Leader's Emotional Intelligence Reduces Employees' Turnover Intention Through Organizational Commitment By Playing A Mediator Role In An Organization." 12th GLOBAL CONFERENCE ON BUSINESS AND SOCIAL SCIENCES 12, no. 1 (October 8, 2021): 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.35609/gcbssproceeding.2021.12(50).
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According to (Coetzee and Pauw 2013), the retention of capable staff of nursing is crucial for leaders of nursing because of identifying the consequences of shortage in nursing staff. However, the skills and ability of leaders affect reactions to the situations (Coetzee and Pauw 2013). The deficiency of nursing staff relies on many components of the delivery of healthcare. There is a negative influence on the nursing staff's high turnover on patients, finance, and outcomes of hospitals (Mxenge, Dywill, et al., 2014; Langove and Isha, 2017). Recruiting and training of nursing have a monetary impact which is evaded by a good number of healthcare corporations. The standard cost of substituting a nurse is estimated in the USA from 42,000 USD to 64,000 USD (Galati and Moessner 2013). Zhang, Jiang et al. (2017) stated that the organization of healthcare is always changing and the global turnover of nurses is high. According to the Economic Survey of Pakistan (2012), there is an unavailability of 60,000 staff of nursing in Pakistan (Rehman, Jingdong, et al. 2019). Also, Pakistan is one of the 57 countries that have a severe deficiency of nursing staff under the standard of WHO to provide needed healthcare (McGuire 2016). Therefore, organizations of healthcare consistently struggle to retain nursing staff to deal with the issues of nursing scarcity (Ponte and Sturgeon 2014). This research study would provide a more effective understanding of the backgrounds of turnover of employees if job complexity, the volume of job information that a person holds at the selection time, and the scenario of the labor market were carefully considered. For this reason, these issues are taken as research limitations and more study need to be done to address these problems (Lu Lu, Lu, Gursoy, & Neale, 2016; Shaozhuang Ma, Silva, Callan, & Trigo, 2016; Mamoona Rasheed, Iqbal, & Mustafa, 2018) Various earlier researches on productive workplace atmosphere which has focused on several positive results such as performance, employees' well-being, and behavior of organizational citizenship (Lonsdale, 2016; Zhang, Gong, et al., 2017; Evans and Dobrosielska 2019). Keywords: Emotional intelligence, Organizational Commitments, Turnover Intention, Pakistani Healthcare Sector
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Wang, Mengdie, Christi A. Wisniewski, Choua Xiong, Peter Chhoy, Hira Goel, Zhiwen Xu, Massimo Loda, Zhong Jiang, Michael Brehm, and Arthur Mercurio. "Abstract A44: Therapeutic blocking of VEGF binding to Neuropilin-2 diminishes PD-L1 expression to activate anti-tumor immunity in prostate cancer." Cancer Immunology Research 10, no. 12_Supplement (December 1, 2022): A44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/2326-6074.tumimm22-a44.
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Abstract Prostate cancers (PC) are largely unresponsive to immune checkpoint inhibitors and there is strong evidence that PD-L1 expression itself must be inhibited to activate anti-tumor immunity. Here, we report that neuropilin-2 (NRP2), which functions as a VEGF receptor on tumor cells, is an attractive target to activate anti-tumor immunity in prostate cancer because we demonstrate that VEGF/NRP2 signaling sustains PD-L1 expression. NRP2 depletion increased T cell activation in vitro and immune-mediated tumor elimination in vivo using a humanized mouse model. Inhibition of the binding of VEGF to NRP2 using a mouse specific anti-NRP2 mAb in a syngeneic model of prostate cancer that is resistant to checkpoint inhibition resulted in significant necrosis and tumor regression compared to control IgG. This therapy also decreased tumor PD-L1 expression and increased immune cell infiltration. We also observed that the NRP2 and VEGF-A genes are amplified in metastatic castration resistant and neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC) and that NRP2high PD-L1high population in metastatic tumors had a significantly lower AR and higher NEPC scores than other populations. Therapeutic inhibition of VEGF binding to human NRP2 with a high affinity humanized mAb, which is suitable for clinical use, in organoids derived from NEPC patients also diminished PD-L1 expression and caused a significant increase in immune-mediated tumor cell killing consistent with the animal studies. These findings provide justification for the initiation of clinical trials using this novel function-blocking NRP2 mAb in prostate cancer, especially for patients with aggressive primary and metastatic cancers, where blocking NRP2-VEGF signaling shows potential in mitigating the morbidity and mortality associated with these cancers. Citation Format: Mengdie Wang, Christi A Wisniewski, Choua Xiong, Peter Chhoy, Hira Goel, Zhiwen Xu, Massimo Loda, Zhong Jiang, Michael Brehm, Arthur Mercurio. Therapeutic blocking of VEGF binding to Neuropilin-2 diminishes PD-L1 expression to activate anti-tumor immunity in prostate cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference: Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy; 2022 Oct 21-24; Boston, MA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Immunol Res 2022;10(12 Suppl):Abstract nr A44.
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Liu, Ziqi, Min Hwan Lee, ThomasJae Garcia, and Haoyu Li. "Atomic Dispersed Ce/Ti Onto Layered Double Hydroxide Substrate Via Atomic Layer Deposition for Efficient Oxygen Evolution Reaction." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-02, no. 44 (October 9, 2022): 1631. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-02441631mtgabs.
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Recently, transition metal based layered double hydroxides (LDHs) based materials have attracted attention for the enhancement of oxygen evolution reaction (OER) performances due to their unique structural property, high specific capacitance, facile synthesis process and low cost. [1,2] Atomic layer deposition (ALD) is a powerful technique for realizing highly dispersed nano-species at the atomic level with a precise control over the size, shape, and composition by leveraging its self-limiting nature of surface reactions. ALD precursors could be readily combined with LDH structures due to the abundant hydroxy group on the surface of LDH structure. The additional ALD-derived doping can regulate the electronic structures of original LDH and further strength the synergetic effects between the host and doped metals for enhancing electrocatalytic activities.[3] In this study, a simple and effective method of introducing Ce as a third metal was used to prepare high-performance Ni/Co-LDH based electrodes: hydrothermal approach followed by an ALD process, using Ni foam as the substrate to achieve the growth of Ni/Co nanostructures. Smooth 2D LDH plates of a uniform structure with high surface area and abundant active sites were synthesized. The resultant CoNi-LDH@5Ce and CoNi-LDH@5Ti exhibit optimal activity and stability toward OER. In particular, CoNi-LDH@5Ce exhibits excellent OER performance with a small overpotential of 270 mV to reach 50 mA cm-2. ALD-treated samples exhibit a decreased charge transfer resistance, indicating a more efficient OER. Furthermore, both CoNi@5Ti and CoNi@5Ce show lower ohmic resistance of 1.5 Ω, which is additionally beneficial to OER performance. The enhanced performance could be attributed to a synergic effect between the doped elements (Ce, Ti) and base transitional metals (Co, Ni). Furthermore, metal oxides – especially cobalt oxide – generated on the surface during ALD process is conjectured to have contributed to an acceleration of O-O bond formation during OER process. References [1] Z. Jiang, Z. Li, Z. Qin, H. Sun, X. Jiao, D. Chen, . [2] T. M. Masikhwa, M. J. Madito, D. Y. Momodu, J. K. Dangbegnon, O. Guellati, A. Harat, M. Guerioune, F. Barzegar, N. Manyala, . [3] L. Lv, Z. Yang, K. Chen, C. Wang, Y. Xiong, Adv. Energy Mater. 2019, 9, 1803358.
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Jouve, Jean-Luc. "Expert’s comment concerning Grand Rounds case entitled “Langerhans cell histiocytosis of the atlas in an adult” (by Wo Quan Zhong, Liang Jiang, Qing Jun Ma, Zhong Jun Liu, Xiao Guang Liu, Feng Wei, Hui Shu Yuan, Geng Ting Dang)." European Spine Journal 19, no. 1 (October 23, 2009): 23–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00586-009-1173-8.
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Young, Peter. "In Situ Polymerase Chain Reaction and Related Technology. Ed. by JIANG GU. 23 x 15 cm. Pp. 143 with 10 colour plates and 21 figures. Cambridge, MA, USA: Birkhauser Boston: 1995. Price h/b: DM 68, ISBN 0 8176 3870 9." New Phytologist 135, no. 4 (April 1997): 783–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1469-8137.1997.00703-1.x.
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Dong, Bella. "Reviewer Acknowledgements for Journal of Food Research, Vol. 9 No. 2." Journal of Food Research 9, no. 2 (March 30, 2020): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jfr.v9n2p58.
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Journal of Food Research wishes to acknowledge the following individuals for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Their help and contributions in maintaining the quality of the journal are greatly appreciated.
Journal of Food Research is recruiting reviewers for the journal. If you are interested in becoming a reviewer, we welcome you to join us. Please contact us for the application form at: jfr@ccsenet.org
Reviewers for Volume 9, Number 2
Ammar Eltayeb Ali Hassan, University of Tromsø, Norway
Ana Silva, National Institute of Health Dr Ricardo Jorge, Portugal
Ancuta Elena Prisacaru, Stefan cel Mare University of Suceava, Romania
Bernardo Pace, Institute of Science of Food Production (ISPA), National Research Council (CNR), Italy
Bruno Alejandro Irigaray, Facultad de Química, Uruguay
Coman Gigi, Dunarea de Jos University of Galati, Romania
Diego A. Moreno-Fernández, CEBAS-CSIC, Spain
Djilani Abdelouaheb, Badji Mokhtar University, Algeria
Elke Rauscher-Gabernig, Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety, Austria
Elsa M Goncalves, Instituto Nacional de Investigacao Agrária (INIA), Portugal
Essence Jeanne Picones Logan, University of Santo Tomas, Philippines
Greta Faccio, Empa-Swiss Federal Laboratories for Material Sciences and Technology, Switzerland
J. Basilio Heredia, Research Center for Food and Development, Mexico
Jintana Wiboonsirikul, Phetchaburi Rajabhat University, Thailand
Jose Maria Zubeldia, Gestión Sanitaria de Canarias – Gobierno de Canarias, Spain
Luis Patarata, Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Portugal
Ma Lourdes Vazquez-Odériz, University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain
Marco Iammarino, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Puglia e della Basilicata, Italy
Mariana de Lourdes Almeida Vieira, Centro Federal de Educação Tecnológica de Minas Gerais, Brazil
Massimiliano Renna, CNR-National Research Council of Italy, Italy
Paolo Polidori, University of Camerino, Italy
Richard Nyanzi, Tshwane University of Technology, South Africa
Shao Quan Liu, National University of Singapore, Singapore
Stuart Munson-McGee, New Mexico State University, United States
Tzortzis Nomikos, Harokopio University, Greece
Xinyin Jiang, Brooklyn College, United States
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Cheng, Ying, Jie Wang, Caicun Zhou, Wenxiu Yao, Qiming Wang, Xuhong Min, Gongyan Chen, et al. "Abstract CT038: Adebrelimab or placebo plus carboplatin and etoposide as first-line treatment for extensive-stage SCLC: A phase 3 trial." Cancer Research 82, no. 12_Supplement (June 15, 2022): CT038. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2022-ct038.
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Abstract Introduction: Extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC) is associated with limited treatment options and poor prognosis. Immunotherapy has recently showed robust clinical activity in ES-SCLC. In this double-blind, phase 3 trial, we evaluated adebrelimab (SHR-1316), a novel anti-PD-L1 antibody, in combination with standard chemotherapy (chemo) as first-line treatment for ES-SCLC. Methods: Patients naïve to systemic treatment for ES-SCLC were randomized 1:1 to receive 4-6 cycles of adebrelimab (20 mg/kg, iv, d1, q3w) or placebo with carboplatin (AUC 5, d1, q3w) plus etoposide (100 mg/m2, d1, d2, d3, q3w), followed by maintenance therapy with adebrelimab or placebo. The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS). Results: 462 patients were randomized and treated (adebrelimab+chemo, n=230; placebo+chemo, n=232). As of Oct 08, 2021, with an median follow-up of 13.5 mo (all patients; 22.5 mo for patients alive), OS was significantly prolonged with adebrelimab+chemo vs placebo+chemo (median, 15.3 mo [95% CI 13.2-17.5] vs 12.8 mo [95% CI 11.3-13.7]; hazard ratio [HR], 0.72 [95% CI 0.58-0.90], 1-sided p=0.0017); OS rate was 62.9% vs 52.0% at 12 mo and 31.3% vs 17.2% at 24 mo. Progression-free survival (PFS) per independent review committee (IRC) was 5.8 mo (95% CI 5.6-6.9) with adebrelimab+chemo vs 5.6 mo (95% CI 5.5-5.7) with placebo+chemo (HR 0.67, 95% CI 0.54-0.83); PFS rate was 49.4% vs 37.3% at 6 mo and 19.7% vs 5.9% at 12 mo. Objective response rate (ORR) and duration of response (DoR) also favored the adebrelimab+chemo group (Table 1). Grade ≥3 treatment-related adverse events occurred in 85.7% vs 84.9% of patients with adebrelimab+chemo vs placebo+chemo, with the most common (frequency ≥5%) being hematological toxicities in both groups. Conclusions: The addition of adebrelimab to chemotherapy significantly improved OS with an acceptable safety profile, supporting this combination as a new first-line treatment option for ES-SCLC. Efficacy outcomes Adebrelimab+Chemo (n=230) Placebo+Chemo (n=232) Median OS (95% CI), mo 15.3 (13.2-17.5) 12.8 (11.3-13.7) HR (95% CI)*, 1-sided log-rank p 0.72 (0.58-0.90); p=0.0017 12-mo OS rate (95% CI), % 62.9 (56.3-68.8) 52.0 (45.4-58.2) 24-mo OS rate (95% CI), % 31.3 (24.9-37.9) 17.2 (12.1-23.0) Median PFS (95% CI), mo 5.8 (5.6-6.9) 5.6 (5.5-5.7) HR (95% CI)*, 1-sided log-rank p 0.67 (0.54-0.83); p <0.0001 6-mo PFS rate (95% CI), % 49.4 (42.4-56.0) 37.3 (30.7-43.9) 12-mo PFS rate (95% CI), % 19.7 (14.5-25.5) 5.9 (3.1-10.1) IRC-assessed ORR (95% CI), % 70.4 (64.1-76.3) 65.9 (59.5-72.0) Median DoR (95% CI), mo 5.6 (4.6-6.7) 4.6 (4.3-5.5) *Stratified Cox proportional-hazards model Citation Format: Ying Cheng, Jie Wang, Caicun Zhou, Wenxiu Yao, Qiming Wang, Xuhong Min, Gongyan Chen, Xingxiang Xu, Xingya Li, Fei Xu, Yong Fang, Runxiang Yang, Guohua Yu, Youling Gong, Jun Zhao, Yun Fan, Quan Liu, Lejie Cao, Yu Yao, Yunpeng Liu, Xiaoling Li, Jingxun Wu, Zhiyong He, Kaihua Lu, Liyan Jiang, Huiqing Yu, Chengping Hu, Wenhua Zhao, Jian Zhao, Gang Wu, Dingzhi Huang, Chengshui Chen, Cuimin Ding, Baihong Zhang, Xiuwen Wang, Hui Luo, Baolan Li, Ben Zhang, Haowen Li, Ke Ma. Adebrelimab or placebo plus carboplatin and etoposide as first-line treatment for extensive-stage SCLC: A phase 3 trial [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr CT038.
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Liu, Ziqi, Min Hwan Lee, and ThomasJae Garcia. "3D Metal-Organic Framework Based Layered Double Hydroxide Core Shell Structure for Enhanced Oxygen Evolution Reaction." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-02, no. 44 (October 9, 2022): 1684. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-02441684mtgabs.
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Electrochemical water splitting, an effective approach of generating high purity hydrogen in a clean way, is composed of two half reactions: hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER).[1] OER is the main rate-limiting half reaction for water splitting due to its sluggish four-electron transfer process.[2] , [3] An efficient electrocatalyst is indispensable to minimize the activation barrier for the reaction and achieve a high efficiency. Recently, two-dimensional (2D) layered double hydroxides (LDHs) have shown promises as one of the most effective electrocatalysts towards OER. However, the confined nanostructure with poor electronic conductivity inhibits their further enhanced catalytic performance towards OER. Herein, a 3D core-shell LDH structure is synthesized through a facile one-step reaction strategy, in which the terephthalic acid and urea is employed as the organic ligand for the metal organic framework (MOF) precursor and surface coordination buffer between LDH and MOF. Benefiting from the hierarchical 3D microstructure with uniformly nanosheets grown on the surface, the as prepared electrocatalyst exhibits rich edge active sites and enormous electrochemical surface area. The representative sample (namely, CoNi-LDH@BDC) achieves an excellent OER activity with a low overpotential of 280 mV at 100 mA cm-2 and robust cyclic stability. In addition, quasi-operando studies using X-ray absorption and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy further elucidate that the Co-Ni dual metal sites act as the main active site while Ni of high valence state is a favorable site to oxygen for the O-O bond formation. The prominent OER performance is also attributed to the synergistic effect between different transition metal atoms. References [1] L. Yu, H. Zhou, J. Sun, F. Qin, F. Yu, J. Bao, Y. Yu, S. Chen, Z. Ren, Energy Environ. Sci. 2017, 10, 1820. [2] Y. Wang, C. Xie, Z. Zhang, D. Liu, R. Chen, S. Wang, Adv. Funct. Mater. 2018, 28, 1703363. [3] L. Zhuang, L. Ge, Y. Yang, M. Li, Y. Jia, X. Yao, Z. Zhu, Adv. Mater. 2017, 29, 1606793. [4] R. Frydendal, E. A. Paoli, B. P. Knudsen, B. Wickman, P. Malacrida, I. E. L. Stephens, I. Chorkendorff, ChemElectroChem 2014, 1, 2075. [5] Y. Lee, J. Suntivich, K. J. May, E. E. Perry, Y. Shao-Horn, Synthesis and activities of rutile IrO 2 and RuO 2 nanoparticles for oxygen evolution in acid and alkaline solutions, Vol. 3, American Chemical Society, 2012, pp. 399–404. [6] M. Gao, W. Sheng, Z. Zhuang, Q. Fang, S. Gu, J. Jiang, Y. Yan, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2014, 136, 7077.
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Fifer, Elizabeth. "Love and Sexuality in the Fallen World of Ma Jian." World Literature Today 93, no. 2 (2019): 32–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/wlt.2019.0179.
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Fifer. "Love and Sexuality in the Fallen World of Ma Jian." World Literature Today 93, no. 2 (2019): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.7588/worllitetoda.93.2.0032.
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Kamtam, Mahesh Kumar. "Book review: Wang Jing, The Other Digital China Nonconfrontational Activism on the Social Web." China Report 56, no. 4 (November 2020): 504–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0009445520930398.
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Pigott, Tim J. D. "Reviewer’s comment concerning “Unstable atlas fracture treatment by anterior plate C1-ring osteosynthesis using a transoral approach” (10.1007/s00586-013-2870-x by Weihu Ma, Nanjian Xu, Yong Hu, Guoqing Li, Liujun Zhao, Shaohua Sun, Weiyu Jiang, Guanyi Liu, Yongjie Gu, Jiayong Liu and Liang Yu)." European Spine Journal 22, no. 10 (July 31, 2013): 2240. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00586-013-2913-3.
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Gnerre, Sante, Brian Yik Tak Tsui, Tingting Jiang, Yvonne Kim, Dustin Ma, Indira Wu, Rebecca Nagy, and Han-Yu Chuang. "Abstract 1220: Accurately genotyping HLA and KIR alleles using cfDNA assay and k-mer based algorithm for immunotherapy." Cancer Research 82, no. 12_Supplement (June 15, 2022): 1220. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2022-1220.
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Abstract Background: HLA and KIR genotypes show great promise as emerging biomarkers for immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and understanding patient prognosis. Multiple studies have shown that HLA-I heterozygosity and high sequence divergence across alleles positively correlates with response to ICIs. However the high degree of polymorphism and allele sequence similarities in HLA and KIR present a challenge to accurate allele calling. To address these difficulties we developed kmerizer, a novel allele caller optimized for short fragments, such as reads from a cfDNA assay. Methods: We tested kmerizer on MHC class1 and class2 genes, and on KIR genes, on both simulated datasets and real samples (cell lines and plasma samples). To assess the capability of the algorithm to distinguish highly homologous allele pairs, we simulated cfDNA-like fragments with errors on randomly selected allele pairs, and on allele pairs with a high level of homology. Twelve plasma samples and 19 reference cell lines fragmented to cfDNA size were analyzed using a NGS cfDNA assay. For plasma samples, paired buffy coats were sent to an external vendor for HLA typing using multiplex PCR-based amplicon and sequenced by 300bp paired-end reads. Results: Of the 19 cell lines and 12 plasma samples for HLA typing (A, B, C, and DQB1 loci), kmerizer delivered 100% sensitivity with 98% specificity. On the simulated dataset, kmerizer achieved 99% sensitivity and specificity on all the MHC class1 and class 2 loci, and 90% sensitivity and specificity on all KIR loci, for both homozygous and heterozygous pairs. The novel allele caller kmerizer also demonstrated a lighter footprint on computational resource need: one deep-sequencing plasma sample on average can be processed in less than 2 minutes which is about 15 times faster than the most commonly used HLA typing tool HISAT21, which does not support KIR typing. Conclusions: As utilization of ICIs increases, the use of genetic and genomic information to accurately identify patients more likely to respond to ICIs will be critical. kmerizer is a fast and highly sensitive and specific allele caller, and it can effectively call alleles on both HLA and KIR. References: [1] Kim, D., Paggi, J. M., Park, C., Bennett, C., & Salzberg, S. L. (2019). Graph-based genome alignment and genotyping with HISAT2 and HISAT-genotype. Nature biotechnology, 37(8), 907-915. Citation Format: Sante Gnerre, Brian Yik Tak Tsui, Tingting Jiang, Yvonne Kim, Dustin Ma, Indira Wu, Rebecca Nagy, Han-Yu Chuang. Accurately genotyping HLA and KIR alleles using cfDNA assay and k-mer based algorithm for immunotherapy [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 1220.
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Zhu, L., Z. Jiang, J. Duan, H. Dong, X. Zheng, L. A. Blomberg, D. M. Donovan, N. Talbot, J. Chen, and X. Tian. "127 ABUNDANCE OF mRNA FOR HISTONE VARIANTS, HISTONE, AND DNA MODIFICATION ENZYMES IN BOVINE IN VIVO OOCYTES AND PRE-IMPLANTATION EMBRYOS." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 29, no. 1 (2017): 172. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rdv29n1ab127.
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During early embryogenesis, chromatin composition and structure undergo dramatic changes due to replacement of canonical histones by histone variants, post-translational modifications of histones, and changes in DNA methylation. These dynamics of chromatin play important roles in the regulation of gene expression and development of embryonic cells. Our goal here is to describe the above-mentioned changes using recently established transcriptome profiles of bovine in vivo-produced oocytes and pre-implantation embryos (Jiang et al. 2014 BMC Genomics, 15, 1). Ten multiparous Holstein cows were synchronized and superovulated. Artificial insemination was conducted at 12 and 24 h post-standing heat using semen from bulls of proven fertility. In vivo-matured oocytes and 2- to 16-cell stage embryos were collected at 30 h, and 2 to 4 days after oestrus by oviducal flushing. Early morulae, compact morulae, and blastocysts were collected by non-surgical uterine flushing on days 5, 6, and 7 after oestrus. Single-cell deep sequencing libraries were prepared from oocytes/embryos (2 samples/stage) using a SOLiDTM Total RNA-seq Kit (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA) following the manufacturer’s instructions and sequenced on a 5500xl Genetic Analyzer. The reproducibility of the preparation and sequencing methods were indicated by high Pearson correlation efficiencies between the replicates. Sequencing reads were normalized to transcripts per million as final results after trimming and mapping of the reads. We found that 8, 8, 7, 13, 10, 2, and 2 out of the 14, 52, 22, 31, 23, 4, and 3 annotated histone variants, histone methyl-tranferases, histone demethylases, histone acetyl-tranferases, histone deacetylases, DNA methyl-transferases, and DNA demethylases, respectively, were highly abundant (mean transformed transcripts per kilobase million > 50) in at least one of the pre-implantation development stages studied. Among histone variants with high mRNA abundance, H1FOO, H3F3A, and H3F3B were highly stored in oocytes, whereas other variants such as H2AFJ, H2AFV, H2AFX, H2AFY, H2AFZ, and CENPA were largely transcribed after the embryonic genome activation. H3F3A and H3F3B, however, were maintained at relatively high levels throughout pre-implantation development. Additionally, the mRNA for histone acetyl-transferases, TADA2A and TADA1; histone deacetylase, HDAC1 and HDAC3; histone methyl-transferases, EED and PRMT5; histone demethylase, KDM1A, were more abundant than others. It was also found that oocytes stored a large amount of DNA methyl-transferase, DNMT1, which degraded gradually after fertilization. Overall, in vivo-produced oocytes and early embryos contained more mRNA for histone-modifying enzymes than those for DNA modification. Taken together, our results suggest that although there are widely recognised and dramatic changes in embryonic DNA methylation through both active and passive mechanisms, the pre-implantation embryos may be more engaged in modifying histones than DNA.
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LIU, MEIZHEN, GAOMING JIANG, LINGHAO LI, YONGGENG LI, LEIMING GAO, and SHULI NIU. "Control of sandstorms in Inner Mongolia, China." Environmental Conservation 31, no. 4 (December 2004): 269–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892904001675.
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About one third of the world's land surface is covered with arid and semi-arid areas. It is predicted that global warming will increase desertification by 17% before 2050. At present, desertification is making approximately 12 million hectares every year useless for cultivation and grazing worldwide. Over 250 million people and one third of the earth's land surface are directly threatened by desertification (Diallo 2003). China is one of several countries severely affected by desertification; almost 90% of natural grassland has been affected to differing degrees (Lu & Yang 2001; State Environmental Protection Administration of the People's Republic of China 2002). The land desertification rate in China was 1560 km2 yr−1 in the 1970s. This rate had increased to 2100 km2 yr−1 by the 1980s, and was 2460 km2 yr−1 by 1995 and 3436 km2 yr−1 in 1999 (Zhu et al. 1999). Areas that have shown increased desertification are derived from degraded grassland or cultivated land (Zhang & Cheng 2001). One very serious direct consequence of grassland degradation is thought to be the frequent occurrence of sandstorms. Whereas China was hit by almost 70 sandstorms over the past century (Qing 2002), with an average frequency of one sandstorm every three years in the 1940s, this had increased to one every two years by the 1960s. By the 1990s, the sandstorms in north China took place several times a year and this increased further to 12 in 2000 and 18 in 2001 (Jiang 2002a). The frequency of sandstorms in north China appears to be a direct consequence of grassland degradation. Taking Hunshandak Sandland in Inner Mongolia as an example (Fig. 1), the proportion of sand dunes that are shifting rose from 2.3% in the 1950s to 50% in the 1990s, while available grasslands declined by some 40% between the 1950s and the 1990s. The economic cost of these sandstorms has prompted the Chinese government to commit substantial funds to meet this loss, but the degradation is ongoing in the area and the living standards of local people are still low (Liu et al. 2003). It is opportune to adjust strategies to reach two objectives simultaneously, namely to restore the degraded grassland, and improve the living conditions of local people. To illustrate this, we focus on Zhenglan Banner (county), which is representative of the whole Hunshandak Sandland in terms of climate (Ma et al. 1998), economy and ecology (Fig. 1). Zhenglan Banner has a total area of 100 600 km2, a human population of 78 730 and stock raising is the dominant industry, the average income per person per year being US$ 225 (Bureau of Stock Raising in Zhenglan Banner 2002).
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Han, Xu, Michelle Burrows, Yanqing Jiang, Clementina Mesaros, David Schultz, Brian Keith, and Celeste Simon. "Abstract PR024: Investigating lipid homeostasis in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma under tumor-like stress." Cancer Research 82, no. 22_Supplement (November 15, 2022): PR024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.panca22-pr024.
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Abstract Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly aggressive malignancy with a 5-year survival rate of only 10%. One hallmark of PDAC’s tumor microenvironment is dense desmoplasia, due to abnormal accumulation of extracellular matrix and proliferative fibroblasts. During tumorigenesis, pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) obtain myofibroblast-like signatures and contribute to the fibrotic environment of PDAC. Desmoplasia-induced hypovascularity severely limits oxygen and nutrient delivery. Our laboratory revealed that hypoxia is prominent even at the pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanIN) stage, a dominant precursor lesion of PDAC. Hypoxia inhibits oxygen-dependent metabolic processes. For example, unsaturated lipid biosynthesis relies on oxygen to maintain desaturase enzymatic activities. Hypoxia also stimulates lipid uptake. Previous studies demonstrated that RAS-transformed cells preferentially import unsaturated lysophosphatidylcholines (LPCs) from culture media. However, in a nutrient-limited fibrotic environment, the potential source of lipids is unclear. Interestingly, a lipidomic study of a PSC secretome displayed a significant amount of LPCs, suggesting that PSCs are the potential lipid source in the PDAC microenvironment. Our data indicate that exogenous unsaturated lipids sustain PDAC cell viability under hypoxia and nutrient deficiency. Moreover, we find PDAC cell survival under tumor-like stress is enhanced in PSC conditioned medium, but not in delipidated conditioned medium. Strikingly, we show that cancer-associated fibroblasts do not experience hypoxic stress as much as adjacent malignant epithelium cells in vivo, suggesting cancer-associated fibroblasts provide unsaturated (and other) lipids to PDAC cells. Based on our lipidomic mass spectra of PSC conditioned medium, we determined that LPCs are actively utilized by PDAC cells for phosphatidylcholine and triglyceride regeneration. To discover novel therapeutic strategies, we performed small molecule screens to identify potential drugs that disrupt LPC uptake and metabolism by PDAC cells. Our overall hypothesis is that activated PSCs (and potentially other fibroblasts) support PDAC cell survival by providing lipids, particularly LPCs, and inhibition of LPC utilization by cancer cells or unsaturated lipid synthesis by PSCs induces PDAC cell death under metabolically challenging conditions. In summary, this project aims to demonstrate metabolic crosstalk between fibroblasts and PDAC cells under stress conditions. The key advance of my research is that activated PSCs suppress PDAC cell death by supplying tumor cells with unsaturated LPCs for the maintenance of lipid homeostasis, in a hypoxic and nutrient-poor environment. If true, our findings will reveal novel metabolic targets for developing combinatorial therapy of PDAC. Citation Format: Xu Han, Michelle Burrows, Yanqing Jiang, Clementina Mesaros, David Schultz, Brian Keith, Celeste Simon. Investigating lipid homeostasis in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma under tumor-like stress [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Pancreatic Cancer; 2022 Sep 13-16; Boston, MA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(22 Suppl):Abstract nr PR024.
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Nguyen, Trung Van, and Yuanchao Li. "New Developments in the High-Energy-Density Solid-Liquid Storage Technology for Redox Flow Batteries." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-02, no. 1 (October 9, 2022): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-02143mtgabs.
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The environmental impact of the use of fossil fuels for energy can be reduced if electricity, which represents one-third of all energy uses, can be generated totally from renewable/sustainable sources such as wind and solar. However, this is only possible if cost-effective long-duration storage technologies are available to allow the highly variable and unpredictable wind and solar energy sources to become reliable baseline energy sources like coal, nuclear or natural gases. Redox flow battery (RFB) energy storage systems are highly suitable for this large-scale, long-duration storage application because while their power output scales with the size of the battery, their energy content resides in the amount of active materials that are stored in external tanks and can be easily scaled up for longer duration.1 The conventional redox flow batteries store electrical energy in the form of some aqueous or non-aqueous soluble ions or compounds in the electrolyte solution. Because of the low solubility (< 2M) of most ions and compounds in aqueous and non-aqueous solvents, these redox flow battery systems have low energy density.2–4 For example, the commercialized all-vanadium RFB system has an average energy density of 20 Wh/kg while that of the lithium-ion battery system is 100-265 Wh/kg.5 To store enough energy for 3-5 days in these RFBs requires a very large volume of solution in a large number of tanks, making these RFB systems expensive due to the cost of tanks and the fluid distribution system and floor space. Our group recently developed a new storage approach that can greatly increase the energy storage density while still enabling the flow battery concept.6 In this approach, the reactants are stored as both soluble ions and their undissolved solid forms and only the liquid containing the soluble ions is circulated through the batteries. This approach potentially enables >4X increase in the storage energy density. This technology was recently demonstrated in a hydrogen-vanadium (VI/V) system, and new test results and findings in this area will be presented in this talk. References H. Zhang, W. Lu, and X. Li, Electrochemical Energy Reviews, 1–15 (2019). D. G. Kwabi et al., Joule, 2, 1894–1906 (2018). M. Wu, T. Zhao, H. Jiang, Y. Zeng, and Y. Ren, Journal of Power Sources, 355, 62–68 (2017). C. Ding, H. Zhang, X. Li, T. Liu, and F. Xing, The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters, 4, 1281–1294 (2013). A. Manthiram, ACS Central Science, 3, 1063–1069 (2017). Y. Li and T.V. Nguyen, “A Solid-Liquid High-Energy-Density Storage Concept for Redox Flow Batteries and Its Demonstration in an H2-V System,” Paper ID APEN-MIT-2021_023, Applied Energy Symposium: MIT A+B, Aug. 11-13, 2021, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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Hirai, Yukei. "On the Thought Appearing in the Wei-ma-jing-yi-ji." JOURNAL OF INDIAN AND BUDDHIST STUDIES (INDOGAKU BUKKYOGAKU KENKYU) 35, no. 2 (1987): 606–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4259/ibk.35.606.
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SHEN, HELEN H. "Modern Mandarin Chinese Grammarby ROSS, CLAUDIA, & JING-HENG S. MA." Modern Language Journal 91, no. 4 (December 2007): 711–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-4781.2007.00639_15.x.
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Sijie, Han, Sang Shuxun, Zhou Peiming, Jia Jinlong, and Liang Jingjing. "Burial history and the evolution of hydrocarbon generation in Carboniferous-Permian coal measures within the Jiyang super-depression, China." Earth Sciences Research Journal 24, no. 4 (January 26, 2021): 397–408. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/esrj.v24n4.63220.
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In the Jiyang Sub-basin, Carboniferous-Permian (C-P) coal-measure source rocks have experienced complex multi-stage tectonics and therefore have a complex history of hydrocarbon generation. Because these coal measures underwent multi-stage burial and exhumation, they are characterized by various burial depths. In this study, we used the basin modeling technique to analyze the relationship between burial history and hydrocarbon generation evolution. The burial, thermal and maturity histories of C-P coals were reconstructed, including primary hydrocarbon generation, stagnation, re-initiation, and peak secondary hydrocarbon generation. The secondary hydrocarbon generation stage within this reconstruction was characterized by discontinuous generation and geographical differences in maturity due to the coupled effects of depth and a delay of hydrocarbon generation. According to the maturity history and the delay effect on secondary hydrocarbon generation, we concluded that the threshold depth of secondary hydrocarbon generation in the Jiyang Sub-basin occurred at 2,100 m during the Yanshan epoch (from 205 Ma to 65 Ma) and at 3,200 m during the Himalayan period (from 65 Ma to present). Based on depth, residual thickness, maturity, and hydrocarbon-generating intensity, five favorable areas of secondary hydrocarbon generation in the Jiyang Sub-basin were identified, including the Chexi areas, Gubei-Luojia areas, Yangxin areas, the southern slope of the Huimin depression and southwest of the Dongying depression. The maximum VRo/burial depth (%/km) occurred in the Indosinian epoch as the maximum VRo/time (%/100Ma) happened in the Himalayan period, indicating that the coupling controls of temperature and subsidence rate on maturation evolution play a significant role in the hydrocarbon generation evolution. A higher temperature and subsidence rate can both enhance the hydrocarbon generation evolution.
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Chen, Sai, Shile Zhang, Tingting Jiang, Jennifer Yen, Yupeng He, Ariel Jaimovich, Yvonne Kim, et al. "Abstract 3763: Detection of tumor-associated gene inactivation in clinical blood draws via cell-free DNA methylation profiling." Cancer Research 82, no. 12_Supplement (June 15, 2022): 3763. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2022-3763.
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Abstract Introduction: The ability to detect genome-wide epigenetic changes, such as DNA methylation, has expanded translational applications in oncology settings. Because these changes occur early in carcinogenesis, they can be used for early cancer detection when genomic technologies fall short due to lower sensitivity, and in the early and late-stage cancer setting for minimal residual disease detection, disease monitoring and therapy selection. In this analysis, we demonstrated our detection of differential methylations that classify cancer from healthy normals, as well as the quantification of promoter methylation, using a highly sensitive targeted assay that simultaneously captures both genomic alterations and methylation signatures in cell-free DNA (cfDNA). Methods: Methylation signals were profiled with a broad genomic panel (15.2 Mb) targeting regions that are unmethylated in plasma cfDNA from cancer-free donors. The panel covers the promoter regions of 925 out of 1,217 known tumor suppressor genes (TSGs) (e.g. TP53, APC, RB1, PTEN), homologous recombination and repair (HRR) genes (e.g. ATM, BRCA1/2, CDK12, RAD51C/D). We applied our genomic and epigenomic assay on cfDNA from 1,968 colorectal cancer (CRC) patients, 480 patients with other 6 common cancers, and 2,037 cancer-free donors. To test the sensitivity of our epigenomic assay, we generated an in-silico dataset by computationally mixing reads from the cancer patients with those from cancer-free donors at a low tumor fraction (TF) of 0.1%. Results: Among 62 clinically relevant TSG and HRR genes, 56 (90%) were differentially methylated (Wilcoxon p<0.05) between the 2,448 cancer vs. 2,037 cancer-free donor samples. In the in-silico dataset, 51 of the 56 differentially methylated genes remained statistically significant (Wilcoxon p<0.05) at 0.1% TF. In the 1,968 CRC patients, we observed a significant association (Fisher’s p<1e-05) between MLH1 promoter methylation and microsatellite instability (MSI-H): 70% of MSI-H samples has MLH1 promoter methylation above a predefined “high methylation” threshold, while only 7% of microsatellite-stable samples has MLH1 promoter methylation above this threshold. Our result is consistent with previous studies that 54-100% of CRC patients with MSI-H tumors harbor MLH1 promoter methylation. Conclusion: We demonstrate that our assay can accurately detect cancer-driven DNA methylation across the genome in clinical plasma samples. Detection of differential methylation in cancerous versus non-cancerous tissues could allow for early cancer detection, leading to better survival and prediction of recurrence prior to imaging. The highly sensitive detection of promoter methylation shown with TSG, HRR, and MLH1 genes may provide orthogonal information to oncologists in therapeutic selection with high confidence. Citation Format: Sai Chen, Shile Zhang, Tingting Jiang, Jennifer Yen, Yupeng He, Ariel Jaimovich, Yvonne Kim, Dustin Ma, Giao Tran, Daniel P. Gaile, Rebecca J. Nagy, Elena Helman, Han-Yu Chuang. Detection of tumor-associated gene inactivation in clinical blood draws via cell-free DNA methylation profiling [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 3763.
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Subanakov, Alexey K., Evgeniy V. Kovtunets, Sampil Zh Choydonov, Sesegma G. Dorzhieva, and Bair G. Bazarov. "Синтез и характеризация нового двойного бората рубидия–гольмия Rb3HoB6O12." Kondensirovannye sredy i mezhfaznye granitsy = Condensed Matter and Interphases 21, no. 2 (June 14, 2019): 278–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.17308/kcmf.2019.21/765.
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Методом цитратной золь-гель технологии получен новый двойной борат рубидия–гольмия состава Rb3HoB6O12. Соединение кристаллизуется в тригональной сингонии (пр. гр. R32, a = 13.4038(7), с = 30.315(2) Å, V = 4716.76 Å3) и плавится инконгруэнтно при 818 °С. Попытки получить в однофазном состоянии Rb3HoB6O12 методом твердофазных реакций не привели к положительному результату
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Kong, Shuyu. "Ma Jian and Gao Xingjian: Intellectual Nomadism and Exilic Consciousness in Sinophone Literature." Canadian Review of Comparative Literature / Revue Canadienne de Littérature Comparée 41, no. 2 (2014): 126–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/crc.2014.0010.
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