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Academic literature on the topic 'MAC'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 30 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "MAC"

1

Salameh, Ahlam Ibrahim, Vernon A. Ruffin, and Walter F. Boron. "Effects of metabolic acidosis on intracellular pH responses in multiple cell types." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 307, no. 12 (December 15, 2014): R1413—R1427. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00154.2014.

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Metabolic acidosis (MAc), a decrease in extracellular pH (pHo) caused by a decrease in [HCO3−]o at a fixed [CO2]o, is a common clinical condition and causes intracellular pH (pHi) to fall. Although previous work has suggested that MAc-induced decreases in pHi (ΔpHi) differ among cell types, what is not clear is the extent to which these differences are the result of the wide variety of methodologies employed by various investigators. In the present study, we evaluated the effects of two sequential MAc challenges (MAc1 and MAc2) on pHi in 10 cell types/lines: primary-cultured hippocampal (HCN) neurons and astrocytes (HCA), primary-cultured medullary raphé (MRN) neurons, and astrocytes (MRA), CT26 colon cancer, the C2C12 skeletal muscles, primary-cultured bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDM) and dendritic cells (BMDC), Ink4a/ARF-null melanocytes, and XB-2 keratinocytes. We monitor pHi using ratiometric fluorescence imaging of 2′,7′-bis-(2-carboxyethyl)-5-(and-6)-carboxyfluorescein while imposing MAc: lowering (pHo) from 7.4 to 7.2 by decreasing [HCO3−]o from 22 to 14 mM at 5% CO2 for 7 min. After MAc1, we return cells to the control solution for 10 min and impose MAc2. Using our definition of MAc resistance [(ΔpHi/ΔpHo) ≤ 40%], during MAc1, ∼70% of CT26 and ∼50% of C2C12 are MAc-resistant, whereas the other cell types are predominantly MAc-sensitive. During MAc2, some cells adapt [(ΔpHi/ΔpHo)2 < (ΔpHi/ΔpHo)1], particularly HCA, C2C12, and BMDC. Most maintain consistent responses [(ΔpHi/ΔpHo)2 ≅ (ΔpHi/ΔpHo)1], and a few decompensate [(ΔpHi/ΔpHo)2>(ΔpHi/ΔpHo)1], particularly HCN, C2C12, and XB-2. Thus, responses to twin MAc challenges depend both on the individual cell and cell type.

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Nagano, Hiroaki, Takeshi Kinjo, Jiro Fujita, and Tomoo Kishaba. "Radiological findings in nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary diseases: A comparison between the Mycobacterium avium complex and the Mycobacterium abscessus complex." PLOS ONE 17, no. 7 (July 21, 2022): e0271660. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0271660.

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The Mycobacterium abscessus complex (MABC) comprises rapidly growing mycobacteria and has received increasing attention recently, with an increasing number of associated infections reported worldwide. However, the clinical features of MABC pulmonary disease (MABC-PD), especially in terms of the chest computed tomography (CT) findings, are not fully understood. Thus, this retrospective, cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate the clinical background and chest high-resolution CT (HRCT) findings of MABC-PD in comparison with those of Mycobacterium avium complex PD (MAC-PD). Accordingly, 36 patients with MABC-PD and 65 patients with MAC-PD (defined according to the American Thoracic Society criteria), who were newly diagnosed at four major hospitals in Okinawa (Japan) between January 2012 and December 2017, were analyzed. With respect to their clinical background, only cardiovascular diseases were significantly more common in patients with MABC-PD than in those with MAC-PD (38.9% vs. 18.5%, p = 0.0245). HRCT revealed a significantly higher incidence of low attenuation in patients with MABC-PD than in those with MAC-PD (63.9% vs. 10.8%, p<0.0001). On analyzing only never-smokers (20 and 47 patients with MABC-PD and MAC-PD, respectively), this significant difference remained (65.0% vs. 8.5%, p<0.0001), suggesting MABC infection itself caused low attenuation. In terms of the distribution of abnormal shadows, the involvement of the right lower, left upper, and left lower lobes was more common in patients with MABC-PD than in those with MAC-PD. Furthermore, the mean number of involved lung lobes was significantly higher in patients with MABC-PD than in those with MAC-PD (5.6 vs. 4.7, p<0.001). Although further studies are needed, we assume that the aforementioned radiological features of MABC-PD are due to the high virulence of MABC.

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Lin, Kimberly, Lingjun Zhang, Michael Kong, Maojing Yang, Yinghua Chen, Earl Poptic, Melanie Hoffner, Jijun Xu, Connie Tam, and Feng Lin. "Development of an anti-human complement C6 monoclonal antibody that inhibits the assembly of membrane attack complexes." Blood Advances 4, no. 9 (May 11, 2020): 2049–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/bloodadvances.2020001690.

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Abstract Membrane attack complexes (MACs; C5b-9) assembled after complement activation can directly injure self-tissues, leading to various diseases. Eculizumab, a monoclonal antibody (mAb) against complement component C5, is being used in the clinic to treat diseases in which MAC-mediated tissue damage is a primary cause. However, C5 is not a selective target for MAC assembly inhibition, and some patients respond incompletely or not at all to the eculizumab treatment. Therefore, C6, the next essential component in the terminal pathway of complement activation, may be an alternative target for the selective inhibition of MAC formation. Surprisingly, few reports describe a functional blockade of C6 using a specific mAb. Here, we report the development of an anti-human C6 mAb (clone 1C9) that recognizes C6 both in free circulation and within C5b6 complexes. This mAb blocked C7 binding to C5b6 complexes and consequently inhibited MAC formation and protected affected paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria patient red blood cells from MAC-mediated damage in vitro. In addition, this mAb cross-reacts with rhesus monkey but not mouse complement C6. Finally, 1C9 significantly reduced human complement–mediated intravascular hemolysis in vivo in a mouse model. These results suggest that the anti-C6 mAb holds promise as a new therapeutic agent that selectively targets MAC for many complement-mediated pathological conditions.

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4

Diamond, M. S., and T. A. Springer. "A subpopulation of Mac-1 (CD11b/CD18) molecules mediates neutrophil adhesion to ICAM-1 and fibrinogen." Journal of Cell Biology 120, no. 2 (January 15, 1993): 545–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.120.2.545.

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We report that a subpopulation (10%) of the Mac-1 (CD1 1b/CD18) molecules on activated neutrophils mediates adhesion to ICAM-1 and fibrinogen. We describe a novel mAb (CBRM1/5) that binds to an activation-specific neoepitope on a subset of Mac-1 molecules on neutrophils and monocytes after stimulation with chemoattractants or phorobol esters but does not recognize Mac-1 on resting myeloid cells. CBRM1/5 immunoprecipitates a subpopulation of Mac-1 molecules from detergent lysates of neutrophils, binds to immunoaffinity-purified Mac-1, and localizes to the I domain on the alpha chain of Mac-1. Because CBRM1/5 recognizes a fraction of Mac-1 on activated neutrophils, but still blocks Mac-1-dependent adhesion to fibrinogen and ICAM-1, we suggest that only a small subset of Mac-1 molecules is competent to mediate adhesion.

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5

Kohl, S., L. S. Loo, F. S. Schmalstieg, and D. C. Anderson. "The genetic deficiency of leukocyte surface glycoprotein Mac-1, LFA-1, p150,95 in humans is associated with defective antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity in vitro and defective protection against herpes simplex virus infection in vivo." Journal of Immunology 137, no. 5 (September 1, 1986): 1688–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.137.5.1688.

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Abstract The role of the Mac-1, LFA-1, p150,95 leukocyte glycoprotein family in mediating antiviral host defense was investigated by utilizing mononuclear cells (MC) obtained from eight patients with a genetic deficiency of Mac-1, LFA-1, and p150,95, and normal MC incubated with subunit-specific monoclonal antibodies (MAb) directed against these glycoproteins. As shown with an in vitro chromium-release cytotoxicity assay to herpes simplex virus (HSV)-infected Chang liver target cells, MC of these patients with the severe phenotype or normal MC preincubated with a combination of MAb against Mac-1 glycoprotein subunits were deficient in antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). When used individually, MAb directed at LFA-1-alpha or -beta also inhibited ADCC and natural killer cytotoxicity (NKC). In a single cell agarose assay, MC of Mac-1-deficient patients formed fewer effector-target cell conjugates in the presence of specific anti-HSV antibody. To investigate the in vitro contributions of these glycoproteins to cytotoxic host defense mechanisms, two in vivo adoptive transfer models were explored in which neonatal mice are protected against a lethal HSV challenge by normal human MC plus anti-HSV antibody (in vivo ADCC) or human interferon-alpha (NKC stimulated in vivo). In each model, MC from patients with "severe" or "moderate" phenotypes of Mac-1 deficiency, or normal MC incubated with a combination of anti-LFA-alpha, Mac-1-alpha, p150,95-alpha plus -beta MAb failed to protect neonatal mice against lethal HSV infection. These studies further indicate requirements for adhesion-dependent mechanisms in the mediation of MC-ADCC, and suggest that Mac-1-dependent cellular adhesive properties are necessary for normal cytotoxic functions in vivo in experimental models of human ADCC or interferon-stimulated NKC. These findings, in addition to the recognized occurrence of severe or even lethal viral infections in some Mac-1-deficient patients, suggest that glycoproteins of the Mac-1 family may be important determinants of antiviral host defense.

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6

Bush, Elizabeth. "Mac B., Kid Spy: Mac Undercover by Mac Barnett." Bulletin of the Center for Children's Books 72, no. 1 (2018): 7–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/bcc.2018.0548.

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Meiyasa, F., N. Taringan, K. U. Henggu, Y. R. Tega, S. Ndahawali, K. E. Zulfamy, M. N. B. Saputro, and I. Priyastiti. "Biological activities of macroalgae in the Moudulung waters: bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity." Food Research 8, no. 1 (January 13, 2024): 82–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.26656/fr.2017.8(1).050.

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This study aimed to determine the bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity of macroalgae in Moudolung Waters. The bioactive compounds in seven samples of macroalgae were extracted with methanol. Analysis of macroalgae bioactive compounds was carried out qualitatively by determining the presence of bioactive compounds including alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, phenol hydroquinone, and steroids/ terpenoids. antioxidant activity was carried out using the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl-hydrate) method. Data were analyzed descriptively using Microsoft Excel and all data are expressed as mean. The results showed that these seven macroalgae species have bioactive compounds such as alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, phenol hydroquinone, and steroids/terpenoids which function as antioxidants. The highest antioxidant activity was the MA6 (Turbinaria ornate) followed by MA1 (Hormopysa triquetra), MA4 (Ulva flexuosa syn. Enteromorpha flexuosa), MA5 (Eucheuma spinosum), MA2 (Sargassum muticum), MA3 (Gracilaria corticate), and MA7 (Ulva reticulata) were 75.25 mg/mL, 90.31 mg/mL, 134.52 mg/mL, 200.22 mg/mL, 216.91 mg/mL, 259.16 mg/mL, and 270.42 mg/mL, respectively. The results suggested that Turbinaria ornate and Hormopysa triquetra could be used as an important substitute for functional ingredients in foods and pharmaceuticals or nutraceuticals.

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Maya, Togolani Godfrey, Erick Vitus Komba, Gloria Ivy Mensah, Peter Masunga Mbelele, Stella George Mpagama, Sayoki Godfrey Mfinanga, Kennedy Kwasi Addo, and Rudovick Reuben Kazwala. "Drug susceptibility profiles and factors associated with non-tuberculous mycobacteria species circulating among patients diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis in Tanzania." PLOS ONE 17, no. 3 (March 24, 2022): e0265358. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0265358.

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Background While most Non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are saprophytic, several species have been associated with human diseases, from localized infection to disseminated diseases. Pulmonary NTM infections lead to TB-like disease called NTM pulmonary disease (NTM-PD). Due to variation in treatment options among NTM species, it is necessary to identify the species and determine drug susceptibility profiles to inform the choice of appropriate regimen for the disease. Design A total of 188 culture-positive isolates from patients diagnosed with TB were screened for NTM at the Central Tuberculosis Reference Laboratory. All NTM were further speciated using GenoType® Mycobacterium—Common Mycobacterium and Additional species (GenoType® CM/AS) kit. Mycobacteria avium complex (MAC) and Mycobacteria abscessus complex (MABC) which could not be identified with the test to species were subjected to GenoType® Mycobacteria NTM-DR for further speciation. Using the same test, identified MAC and MABC were genotyped to determine the drug susceptibility profile for each isolate to macrolide and aminoglycosides. Results Of all isolates identified as mycobacteria, 24 (13%) were NTM. Fifteen isolates could be identified to species level of which prevalent species was M. avium sub. intracellulare 4 (27%). A total of 10 isolates were MAC (n = 6) and MABC (n = 4) were subjected to GenoType® Mycobacteria NTM-DR for determination of macrolide and aminoglycoside susceptibility. Three of the four MABC had a mutation at the T28 position of the erm (41). All MAC were susceptible to both drugs. Conclusion In this study, MAC was the most frequently isolated NTM species followed by MABC. While all MAC and MABC identified, were susceptible to aminoglycosides, three MABC were resistant to the macrolides due to mutation at position 28 of the erm (41) gene. For this, it is important for clinicians need to rule out NTM, understand species and their drug susceptibility for optimal case management.

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Jeong, Byeong-Ho, Kyeongman Jeon, Hye Yun Park, Seong Mi Moon, Su-Young Kim, Soo-Youn Lee, Sung Jae Shin, Charles L. Daley, and Won-Jung Koh. "Peak Plasma Concentration of Azithromycin and Treatment Responses in Mycobacterium avium Complex Lung Disease." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 60, no. 10 (August 1, 2016): 6076–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.00770-16.

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ABSTRACTMacrolides, such as azithromycin (AZM) and clarithromycin, are the cornerstones of treatment forMycobacterium aviumcomplex lung disease (MAC-LD). Current guidelines recommend daily therapy with AZM for cavitary MAC-LD and intermittent therapy for noncavitary MAC-LD, but the effectiveness of these regimens has not been thoroughly investigated. This study evaluated associations between microbiological response and estimated peak plasma concentrations (Cmax) of AZM. The AZMCmaxwas measured in patients receiving daily therapy (250 mg of AZM daily,n= 77) or intermittent therapy (500 mg of AZM three times weekly,n= 89) for MAC-LD and daily therapy forMycobacterium abscessuscomplex LD (MABC-LD) (250 mg of AZM daily,n= 55). The AZMCmaxwas lower with the daily regimen for MAC-LD (median, 0.24 μg/ml) than with the intermittent regimen for MAC-LD (median, 0.65 μg/ml;P< 0.001) or daily therapy for MABC-LD (median, 0.53 μg/ml;P< 0.001). After adjusting for confounding factors, AZMCmaxwas independently associated with favorable microbiological responses in MAC-LD patients receiving a daily regimen (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.58; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.01 to 2.48;P= 0.044) but not an intermittent regimen (aOR, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.58 to 1.23,P= 0.379). With the daily AZM-based multidrug regimen for MAC-LD, a low AZMCmaxwas common, whereas a higher AZMCmaxwas associated with favorable microbiologic responses. The results also suggested that the addition of rifampin may lower AZMCmax. When a daily AZM-based multidrug regimen is used for treating severe MAC-LD, such as cavitary disease, the currently recommended AZM dose might be suboptimal. (This study has been registered at ClinicalTrials.gov under identifier NCT00970801.)

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Crockett-Torabi, E., B. Sulenbarger, C. W. Smith, and J. C. Fantone. "Activation of human neutrophils through L-selectin and Mac-1 molecules." Journal of Immunology 154, no. 5 (March 1, 1995): 2291–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.154.5.2291.

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Abstract The effect of selective cell activation through L-selectin and Mac-1 molecules cross-linking on neutrophil superoxide anion (O2-) generation and changes in intracellular calcium [Ca2+]i was investigated. Cross-linking of L-selectin using different mAbs induced a rapid and transient increase in [Ca2+]i and O2- generation by neutrophils that were dependent on the extent of L-selectin cross-linking and mAb epitope binding. In addition, cross-linking of L-selectin induced an up-regulation of surface Mac-1 expression on neutrophils. Cross-linking of Mac-1 molecules with mAb also induced significant changes in [Ca2+]i levels and O2- generation by neutrophils, which was also dependent on the epitope binding by mAb. Pretreatment of neutrophils with LPS caused a marked decrease in the expression of L-selectin molecules and significant inhibition (i.e., 59 +/- 4%) of anti-L-selectin mAb-dependent O2- generation and [Ca2+]i signal. In contrast, LPS pretreatment caused a significant up-regulation of Mac-1 molecules on neutrophil and enhanced O2- generation by neutrophils. The data indicate that cross-linking of L-selectin and Mac-1 initiates changes in [Ca2+]i and O2- production in neutrophils and suggest that these distinct adhesion molecules independently may play important regulatory roles in modulating neutrophil-endothelial cell interactions, transmigration, and neutrophil function at sites of tissue injury.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "MAC"

1

Kulkarni, Santosh B. Umphress David A. Agrawal Prathima. "Synergy MAC a cooperative MAC protocol /." Auburn, Ala, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10415/1609.

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Grepl, Miroslav. "MAC řízení přístupu." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-217509.

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This master's thesis describes the problems of SELinux, and the methods of creation of a proper security policy with a focus on the SELinux reference policy and its mechanisms. It designs the methodics of formulation of specific security rules, supplemented with the practical example of its application. Furthermore, it describes the available security rules commonly used for http, ftp and ssh services securing, their modification and practical utilization. According to the proposed methodology, these services are protected with their own security rules and both security methods are mutually compared and evaluated.

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Mac, Lochlainn Antain. "Aindrias Mac Cruitin : Danta." Thesis, University of Ulster, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.241992.

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Золотова, Світлана Григорівна, Светлана Григорьевна Золотова, Svitlana Hryhorivna Zolotova, and Y. Prokhnenko. "Comparing Mac and PC." Thesis, Видавництво СумДУ, 2008. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/16054.

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McElroy, Mathew S. "Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac lending patterns along the Texas-Mexico border." To access this resource online via ProQuest Dissertations and Theses @ UTEP, 2008. http://0-proquest.umi.com.lib.utep.edu/login?COPT=REJTPTU0YmImSU5UPTAmVkVSPTI=&clientId=2515.

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Idland, Christer. "Detecting MAC Spoofing Attacks in 802.11 Networks through Fingerprinting on the MAC Layer." Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for telematikk, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-14093.

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In order to provide hassle-free connection options many wireless local area network (WLAN) providers choose to have their networks completely open. In other words there is no password required in order to connect. Such open configurations do not provide any security features on the wireless medium, but are often implemented with other solutions as captive portals. A captive portal forces a Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) client to see a certain webpage, usually for authentication purposes. All other packets are blocked. Once authenticated, the client's medium access control (MAC) address is whitelisted and he will have access to the Internet.The MAC spoofing attack is easy to perform in open networks, see Appendix A. This attack can have severe consequences as the attacker masquerades as a legitimate client, potentially getting the victim caught for crime done by the attacker. The preferred way to handle these attacks has been through detection, as it can be done on the server side without complicating anything for the user. Effective and reliable detection techniques for plain and QoS enabled 802.11 networks exists [1,5]. However, no good solution exists to detect attacks when the legitimate client is no longer connected. The two main scenarios are the session hijacking attack, where the attacker forces the victim offline, and the wait-for-availability attack where the attacker waits until the legitimate client leaves the network.An algorithm based on MAC layer fingerprinting was developed to detect the class of attacks where attacker and victim are not connected simultaneously. A fingerprint is based on the behavior of a station (STA), and each STA's behavior varies due to implementation differences of the 802.11 protocol. Experiments in a real network was performed with 11 different STAs in order to determine the fingerprints. The results show that on average 2.82 of the 8 fingerprinting properties were different when comparing two fingerprints.The fingerprinting algorithm developed is capable of passively creating a fingerprint of wireless STAs without specialized equipment in realistic network conditions. Fingerprints from different STAs are unique with high probability, even when there are little data available. In addition, the technique used is accurate, fast, and requires no pre-computed databases. The algorithm used in combination with the IDS developed by Idland [1] is now able to detect all of the five different MAC spoofing attacks described in Section 2.6.2.

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Balakrishnan, Manikanden, Subah Ramakrishnan, and Hong Huang. "ENERGY-AWARE SENSOR MAC PROTOCOLS." International Foundation for Telemetering, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/605793.

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International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 18-21, 2004 / Town & Country Resort, San Diego, California
Sensor network applications typically require continuous monitoring of physical phenomena for extended periods of time under severe energy resource constraints. Accordingly, design considerations for sensor Media Access Control (MAC) protocols depart significantly from those of traditional wireless MAC protocols that largely ignore the energy factor. In this paper, we reexamine the design space of wireless sensor MAC protocols and modify IEEE 802.11 Distributed Coordination Function (DCF) to incorporate energy-adaptive contention mechanisms for prolonging sensor lifetime. Performance of the proposed schemes is evaluated with DCF as a baseline and results indicate the benefits of energy-aware mechanisms for sensor MAC protocols.

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Vermillac, Michel. "Mac Luhan et la modernité." Nice, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993NICE2021.

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L'histoire des idées fonctionne comme un crible : certains auteurs sont recueillis avec ferveur, d'autres non. A ce sujet, Bateson parle d'une véritable écologie de l'esprit. Herbert Marshall Mac Luhan (1911-1980) a connu un sort paradoxal : annonçant la modernité, ce qu'il nomme la galaxie Marcani. Il a été rejeté par les philosophes français de 1968. Or, ses idées seront reprises par les penseurs de la postmodernité, en guise de reconnaissance posthume. Nous avons voulu savoir les raisons de ce revirement. Pourquoi un homme aussi célèbre a-t-il été ignore par la "pensée 68" ? Pourquoi a-t-il été représenté comme un prophète, alors que l'évolution technologique a corroboré ses intuitions ? Malgré ses attaques contre le livre, plus exactement contre la rationalité littéraire, Mac Luhan est un humaniste prônant, dans une réalité quotidienne néobaroque, une forme de fidéisme : s’il n'est plus possible de penser le monde, car l'illusion règne, la force du lien entre les hommes doit donner sens à la vie
History of ideas works like a riddle : some authors are selected, some not. Thinking of this, Bateson talks about a real ecology of mind. Herbert Marshall Mac Luhan (1911-1980) was a living paradox : introducing modernity with his concept of marconi galaxy, he was ignored by french thinkers of the late sixties. Or, the same ideas will be taken again, without refering to him, by post modernity philosophers. What are the reasons of such a contempt ? Why an essayist as famous as Mac Luhan was not accepted by the french intelligentzia of 1968 ? Was he a prophet, when he was annoucing the future of technology ? Not with standing his attacks against rationality, mac luhan was an humanist, maybe a fideist : if it's difficult to build a clear vision of the world, because of the stength of illusion, relationship between men must give a meaning to modern life

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Silva, Pedro Miguel Oliveira da. "MAC protocol for location systems." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/2082.

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Mestrado em Engenharia Electrónica e Telecomunicações
Na ultima década as redes de comunicações sem fios sofreram uma evolução sem precedentes, e as suas características particulares potenciaram a sua aplicação em vários contextos. No caso caso específico da localização em ambientes interiores, pretende-se que através de dados recolhidos por um conjunto de sensores sem fios, seja possível detectar com relativa precisão um objecto móvel devidamente identificado. Este tipo de sistemas permitem por exemplo, monitorizar um paciente de risco num hospital, dando informação precisa do seu paradeiro no momento da ocorrência de algum incidente. Outra possível aplicação será, por exemplo, dentro de uma empresa ou instituição, recolher informação precisa sobre o paradeiro de cada trabalhador, visitante ou produto. Isto permite melhorar a logística a gestão dos recursos. As soluções comuns de localização não endereçam devidamente a problemática de acesso ao meio para a realização de transmissões. Isto tem impacto na eficiência de utilização do canal de comunicações e resulta num número inferior de localizações por unidade de tempo. Estes sistemas revelam assim a necessidade de um protocolo de acesso ao meio específico que permita reduzir o tempo necessário à localização de cada dispositivo móvel permitindo a integração de um número mais elevado dispositivos móveis ou fixos numa rede de localização. Esta tese explora a utilização de Zigbee para implementar um protocolo master/multi-slave (FTT-L) aplicado a um sistema de localização. Este protocolo bem como a sua implementação é descrita neste documento. São também conduzidos vários testes para determinar alguns parâmetros chave. Os resultados são utilizados para derivar o tempo mínimo de localização que é validado experimentalmente. ABSTRACT: In the last decade the proliferation of wireless communication networks has reached unprecedented values, and their features empowered the application of wireless networks to the most varied contexts. In the specific case of indoor location, the target is to detect with relative precision an identified mobile object with the data collected from a wireless sensor network. This system allows us to monitor a risk patient in an hospital, giving the precise information about its location at the moment of a possible accident. Other possible application is, for example, to gather inside a company or institution the precise location of every worker, visitor or product. This can improve the logistics and the management of the personnel. The common location solutions do not address the problematic of medium access for transmitting messages. This has impact on the transmission channel occupation and indirectly lowers the system efficiency, which results on a smaller number of locations per unit of time. These systems reveal the necessity of a specific protocol for accessing the medium to reduce the necessary time to locate each mobile device, allowing the integration of a larger number of mobile devices or fixed devices in a location network. This thesis explores the use of ZigBee to implement a master/multi-slave protocol (FTT-L) supporting a localization system. This protocol as well as its implementation are described throughout the thesis and an assessment of several key parameters is conducted. Results are used to derive the delay of a localization round, which was validated experimentally.

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García, Long Sergio Alonso. "Un Big MAC por favor : la cláusula MAC en las operaciones de fusiones y adquisiciones." Bachelor's thesis, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2015. http://tesis.pucp.edu.pe/repositorio/handle/123456789/6925.

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Books on the topic "MAC"

1

Rose, Carla. It's a mad, mad, mad, mad Mac. New York: Windcrest/McGraw-Hill, 1994.

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Spivey, Dwight. Mac. 2nd ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2010.

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Spivey, Dwight. Mac. 2nd ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2010.

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Spivey, Dwight. Mac. 2nd ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2010.

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MacLean, John. Mac. London: Pan, 1988.

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Ithel, Rhian. Mac. Llandysul: Gomer, 1995.

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Cherel, Jean-Se bastien. Mac. Paris: Micro Application, 2009.

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Groenewoud, Pieter van., joint author, ed. Mac: Mac OS X Leopard. Amsterdam: [Pearson Addison Wesley], 2008.

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Pogue, David. Macworld Mac & Power Mac SECRETS. 2nd ed. San Mateo, Calif: IDG Books, 1994.

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Pogue, David. Macworld Mac & Power Mac SECRETS. 3rd ed. Foster City, CA: IDG Books Worldwide, 1996.

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Book chapters on the topic "MAC"

1

Gueron, Shay. "SIV-MAC: An Efficient MAC Scheme." In Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, 97–102. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-56599-1_14.

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Black, John, and Martin Cochran. "MAC Reforgeability." In Fast Software Encryption, 345–62. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-03317-9_21.

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Xia, Feng, and Azizur Rahim. "MAC Protocols." In MAC Protocols for Cyber-Physical Systems, 11–23. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-46361-1_2.

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Tambling, Jeremy. "Mac Orlan." In The Palgrave Encyclopedia of Urban Literary Studies, 1–3. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-62592-8_40-1.

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Edge, Charles, and Rich Trouton. "Mac Provisioning." In Apple Device Management, 313–41. Berkeley, CA: Apress, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4842-5388-5_6.

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Sinha, Sanjib. "MAC Address." In Beginning Ethical Hacking with Python, 191–94. Berkeley, CA: Apress, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4842-2541-7_29.

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Colhoun, O. "MAC-Adresse." In Lexikon der Medizinischen Laboratoriumsdiagnostik, 1. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-49054-9_2005-1.

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Colhoun, O. "MAC-Adresse." In Springer Reference Medizin, 1555–56. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-48986-4_2005.

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Preneel, Bart. "MAC Algorithms." In Encyclopedia of Cryptography and Security, 742–48. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-5906-5_592.

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Tambling, Jeremy. "Mac Orlan." In The Palgrave Encyclopedia of Urban Literary Studies, 1207–9. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-62419-8_40.

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Conference papers on the topic "MAC"

1

Gatling, K. E., A. H. Jarvis, and D. A. MacLeod. "One mac, two mac, red mac, SUMAC." In the 17th annual ACM SIGUCCS conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/73760.73795.

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Zhang, Chen Jason, Lei Chen, and Yongxin Tong. "MaC." In CIKM '14: 2014 ACM Conference on Information and Knowledge Management. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2661829.2661880.

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Wang, Xi, Antonino Tumeo, John D. Leidel, Jie Li, and Yong Chen. "MAC." In ICPP 2019: 48th International Conference on Parallel Processing. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3337821.3337867.

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Li, Qingan, Jianhua Li, Liang Shi, Chun Jason Xue, and Yanxiang He. "MAC." In the 2012 ACM/IEEE international symposium. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2333660.2333738.

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Chintalapudi, Krishna Kant. "i-MAC - a MAC that learns." In the 9th ACM/IEEE International Conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1791212.1791250.

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Wang, Rujin, Xuemei Fan, Qiang Li, Hao Liu, and Shengli Lu. "AL-MAC: Adaptive Error Compensation Approximate MAC." In 2021 4th International Conference on Circuits, Systems and Simulation (ICCSS). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccss51193.2021.9464180.

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Wenbin Zhang, Xiaozong Yang, and Shaochuan Wu. "A new improved MAC scheme: RM-MAC." In 2011 6th International ICST Conference on Communications and Networking in China (CHINACOM). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/chinacom.2011.6158267.

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Mohrehkesh, Shahram, and Michele C. Weigle. "RIH-MAC." In ACM The First Annual International Conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2619955.2619962.

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Huang, Rongsheng, Hongqiang Zhai, Chi Zhang, and Yuguang Fang. "SAM-MAC." In The Fourth International Conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1577222.1577272.

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Qazi, Bilal R., and Jaafar M. H. Elmirghani. "PC-MAC." In the 2009 International Conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1582379.1582480.

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Reports on the topic "MAC"

1

Qian, Sean, and Qiling Zou. MAC-POSTS Users’ Manual. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1970686.

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Whiting, D., R. Housley, and N. Ferguson. Counter with CBC-MAC (CCM). RFC Editor, September 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.17487/rfc3610.

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Russell, V. K. MAC, material accounting database user guide. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10104854.

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Tsiang, D., and G. Suwala. The Cisco SRP MAC Layer Protocol. RFC Editor, August 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.17487/rfc2892.

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Russell, V. K. Cleanup MAC and MBA code ATP. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10192501.

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6

Smid, Miles E., Elaine Barker, David Balenson, and Martha Haykin. Message authentication code (MAC) validation system. Gaithersburg, MD: National Bureau of Standards, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nbs.sp.500-156.

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Wade, J. A. Lithostratigraphy 4: Mic Mac and Abenaki formations. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/210641.

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Nettles, Scott. Evaluating Mima-Mac For Dense Urban Environments. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada462309.

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Dô, C., W. Kolodziejak, and J. Chroboczek. MAC Authentication for the Babel Routing Protocol. RFC Editor, January 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.17487/rfc8967.

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Cheshire, S., Z. Zhu, R. Wakikawa, and L. Zhang. Understanding Apple's Back to My Mac (BTMM) Service. RFC Editor, June 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.17487/rfc6281.

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