Relevant bibliographies by topics / MacConkey medium

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Book chapters
  4. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'MacConkey medium'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 7 June 2025
Last updated: 26 June 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "MacConkey medium"

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Nahar, S. Gul, M. Bulbul Hasan, Mst Rokeya Khatun, M. Nawshad Ali, and DK Mohanta. "Chromogenic Agar Medium : A Versatile Tool for the Diagnosis of UTI." TAJ: Journal of Teachers Association 25 (November 28, 2018): 64–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/taj.v25i0.37561.

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Objective: The present study was done on Chromogenic agar media to identify uropathogens more efficiently by its characteristic colony colour for each of the organism.Methodology: A total 300 sample were collected from Rajshahi Medical College Hospital, Bangladesh. Urine samples of the suspected UTI cases, showing pus cells >5/HPF on microscopic examination were included for urine culture simultaneously onto Chromogenic agar media, Blood agar and MacConkey agar media.Results: Culture yielded 139 (46.33%) bacterial growth among them, 133 (44.33%) showed single organism and remaining 06 (2.00%) showed mixed growth of two organisms in different combinations. It is evident from the present study that both Chromogenic agar media and Blood agar (BA) media supported growth of all 145 bacteria, while MacConkey (MAC) agar yielded 133(91.72%) bacterial growths. The rate of presumptive identification of the isolates was found significantly higher (97.24%) on Chromogenic agar media when compared with the MacConkey agar (80.68%) and Blood agar (27.58%) media. Out of 91 E. coli isolated, 88(96.70%) could be identified differentially on Chromogenic agar media in contrast to 85(93.40%) on MacConkey agar and only 06(06.59%) on Blood agar. Again, all 06 (100%) of the isolate-pairs of mixed growth were identified distinctly on Chromogenic agar media, whereas both Blood agar and MacConkey agar media could revealed only 01(16.66%) of the polymicrobial growth.Conclusion: Chromogenic agar media has been documented for its very high yielding rate, rapid presumptive identification of both single and polymicrobial growths with greater precision and avoidance of biochemical tests for further identification of uropathogens. Thus it can be recommended as primary urine culture medium to be used by the clinical microbiology laboratories.TAJ 2012; 25: 64-71
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Nahar, S. Gul, M. Bulbul Hasan, Mst Rokeya Khatun, and M. Nawshad Ali. "Comparative Study of Hicrome Agar Medium with Conventional Culture System for the Isolation of Uropathogens." TAJ: Journal of Teachers Association 24, no. 2 (2018): 128–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/taj.v24i2.37542.

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Objective: The present study was done to compare the performance of chromogenic agar medium and conventional culture media for the isolation and presumptive identification of uropathogen.Methodology: A total 300 sample were collected from Rajshahi Medical College Hospital, Bangladesh during January to June, 2008. Urine samples of the suspected UTI cases, showing pus cells >5/HPF on microscopic examination were included for urine culture simultaneously onto 2 conventional media (Blood agar and MacConkey agar) and chromogenic agar medium (HiCrome UTI agar medium). Results: Culture yielded 139 (46.33%) bacterial growth among them, 133 (44.33%) showed single organism and remaining 06 (2.00%) showed mixed growth of two organisms in different combinations. It is evident from the present study that both HiCrome UTI agar and Blood agar (BA) media supported growth of all 145 bacteria, while MacConkey (MAC) agar yielded 133(91.72%) bacterial growths. The rate of presumptive identification of the isolates was found significantly higher (97.24%) on HiCrome UTI agar when compared with the MacConkey agar (80.68%) and Blood agar (27.58%) media. Out of 91 E. coli isolated, 88(96.70%) could be identified differentially on HiCrome UTI agar medium in contrast to 85(93.40%) on MacConkey agar and only 06(06.59%) on Blood agar. Again, all 06 (100%) of the isolate-pairs of mixed growth were identified distinctly on HiCrome UTI agar, whereas both Blood agar and MacConkey agar media could revealed only 01(16.66%) of the polymicrobial growth.Conclusion: HiCrome UTI agar medium has been documented for its very high yielding rate, rapid presumptive identification of both single and polymicrobial growths with greater precision and avoidance of biochemical tests for further identification of uropathogens. Thus it can be recommended as primary urine culture medium to be used by the clinical microbiology laboratories.TAJ 2011; 24(2): 128-135
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Thaller, M. C., F. Berlutti, F. Pantanella, R. Pompei, and G. Satta. "Modified MacConkey medium which allows simple and reliable identification of Providencia stuartii." Journal of Clinical Microbiology 30, no. 8 (1992): 2054–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.30.8.2054-2057.1992.

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4

Yafetto, Levi, Emelia Hornam Adator, Abena Ahema Ebuako, Ephraim Ekloh, and Francis Yao Afeti. "Microbial Quality of Raw Beef and Chevon From Selected Markets in Cape Coast, Ghana." Journal of Biology and Life Science 10, no. 1 (2019): 78. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jbls.v10i1.14022.

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This study assessed microbial quality of raw beef and chevon (goat meat) from selected meat retail shops in Abura, Kotokuraba and Science markets in Cape Coast, Ghana. Stock solutions from beef and chevon were analyzed on nutrient agar, MacConkey agar, and potato dextrose agar media using microbiological procedures. Results revealed that beef from Kotokuraba market was the most contaminated with mean highest bacterial counts of 1.15x108 and 9.40x107 cfu/ml in nutrient agar and MacConkey agar media, respectively. The results further showed that chevon from Science market was the most contaminated with mean highest bacterial counts of 1.67x108 and 7.10x107 cfu/ml in nutrient agar and MacConkey agar media, respectively. Mean fungal counts in PDA medium was the least recorded for both beef and chevon from all the three markets. Comparative analyses of results suggest that chevon was more contaminated than beef from Abura market, whereas beef was more contaminated than chevon from Kotokuraba market. However, from Science market, except in MacConkey agar medium, where beef was more contaminated than chevon, chevon was more contaminated than beef in nutrient agar and PDA media. Bacteria isolated were Escherichia coli, Klebsiella spp., Nocardia spp., Salmonella spp., Staphylococcus spp., and Streptococcus spp. Fungi of the genera Aspergillus, Candida, Fusarium, Penicillium, and Rhodotorula were isolated. We conclude that raw beef and chevon sold in markets in Cape Coast are contaminated by pathogenic and toxigenic microbes that may affect meat quality and consequently pose public health concerns to consumers.
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Özmen, Cumhur, Serap Simsek-Yavuz, Seniha Basaran, Atahan Çagatay, Halit Özsüt, and Haluk Eraksoy. "Comparison of Classical methods and Chromogen Media for Detection of Stool Colonisation by Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae." Klimik Dergisi/Klimik Journal 35, no. 3 (2022): 171–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.36519/kd.2022.4144.

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Abstract Objectives: We aimed to compare classical methods and chromogenic media to detect carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) colonization among hospitalized patients and determine the risk factors causing infection in colonized patients. Methods: Between January and August 2017, 100 patients over the age of 18 who were hospitalized in the Reanimation Intensive Care Unit and the Trauma Emergency Intensive Care Unit of a university hospital were examined. From the first day of intensive care unit (ICU) admission, rectal swabs were collected once every week and were tested for the presence of CRE by using the classical method defined by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), ChromID CARBA chromogenic medium, and direct inoculation into MacConkey agar plates. In addition, MIC values for imipenem, ertapenem, meropenem and colistin were determined by using the Etest. Results: Rectal BDE carriage was detected by at least one method in 46 (46%) of 100 patients included in the study. Sensitivity and specificity values of the CDC classical method, direct MacConkey inoculation, and ChromID CARBA medium in the first 24 hours were found as 78%-42%, 87%-80%, and 91%-98%, respectively. Sensitivity and specificity values of these methods after 72 hours were determined as 78%-100%, 87%-100%, and 91%-100%, respectively. Conclusion: We observed that, although the ChromID CARBA method performed better than classical CDC and direct MacConkey inoculation methods, direct MacConkey inoculation can still be employed, especially in areas with limited resources. Keywords: carbapenem, carbapenemase, rectal colonization
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Annor, Samuel D., Karla S. Salazar, Suresh D. Pillai, Chris R. Kerth, Jason J. Gill, and Thomas M. Taylor. "Melibiose–X-Gal–MacConkey Agar for Presumptive Differentiation of Escherichia albertii from E. coli and Salmonella from Poultry Meat." Applied Microbiology 3, no. 1 (2023): 119–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/applmicrobiol3010010.

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The bacterial foodborne enteropathogen Escherichia albertii, despite enjoying increased attention paid to its pathogenesis, global dissemination, and antimicrobial resistance capacity, remains difficult to identify from human foods. The primary objective of this study was to develop and test a selective and differential plating medium for the isolation of E. albertii from enteric pathogens commonly transmitted via fresh poultry meat, namely E. coli and Salmonella enterica. MacConkey agar supplemented with α-D-+-melibiose and the lactose analogue X-gal was prepared and used to differentially enumerate E. albertii, Salmonella, and E. coli from inoculated ground chicken meat. The medium, MXgMac agar, differentiated the inoculated pathogens with a greater degree of efficiency than did the previously developed E. albertii-selective medium xylose–rhamnose–melibiose (XRM) MacConkey agar, based on differential usage of the lactose analogue and melibiose. Chicken-derived feces and litter samples were subsequently tested using the medium and found not to contain E. albertii by 16S rRNA gene amplification. MXgMac agar facilitates improved differential recovery of E. albertii and other enteric pathogens from poultry meat versus other E. albertii selective/differential media.
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Hinenoya, Atsushi, Keigo Nagano, Kentaro Okuno, et al. "Development of XRM-MacConkey agar selective medium for the isolation of Escherichia albertii." Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease 97, no. 1 (2020): 115006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2020.115006.

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Fujisawa, Tomohiko, Shin Sata, Katsuhiro Aikawa, Takanori Takahashi, Shiro Yamai, and Toshio Shimada. "Modification of Sorbitol MacConkey Medium Containing Cefixime and Tellurite for Isolation of Escherichia coli O157:H7 from Radish Sprouts." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 66, no. 7 (2000): 3117–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.66.7.3117-3118.2000.

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ABSTRACT A modified version of sorbitol MacConkey medium containing cefixime and tellurite (CT-SMAC medium) was produced by adding salicin and 4-methylumbelliferyl-β-d-galactopyranoside to CT-SMAC medium; this medium was designated CT-SSMAC medium and was used to isolate Escherichia coli O157:H7 from radish sprouts. Of 101 non-E. coli bacteria isolated from radish sprouts that produced colorless colonies similar to colonies of E. coliO157:H7 grown on CT-SMAC medium, 92 (91%) formed colonies that were red to pink or were β-galactosidase negative and colorless on CT-SSMAC medium. On the other hand, colonies of E. coliO157:H7 strains were colorless and β-galactosidase positive on CT-SSMAC medium. Our results suggest that CT-SSMAC medium is more selective than CT-SMAC medium for isolating E. coliO157:H7.
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Simor, Andrew E., Christine Watt, and Donald E. Low. "The Isolation Rate ofEscherichia coli0157:H7 in Toronto and Surrounding Communities." Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases 1, no. 1 (1990): 23–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/1990/583209.

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Verocytotoxin-producing strains ofEscherichia coli,most often serotype 0157:H7, have been associated with both sporadic and epidemic diarrheal disease in Canada. In order to determine the isolation rate ofE coli0157:H7 in outpatients with diarrhea, all stool specimens submitted for culture to Med-Chem Laboratories in Metropolitan Toronto between June 1988 and September 1989 were cultured on MacConkey-Sorbitol agar in addition to standard enteric media. A total of 46 (0.3%) of 16,125 stool specimens yieldedE coli0157:H7 or verotoxin-producingE coli0157:H−. These isolates came from 31 patients with diarrhea; only 16 (52%) had a history of hemorrhagic colitis and one patient developed hemolytic uremic syndrome. Although MacConkey-Sorbitol agar was useful as a differential medium for detectingE coli0157:H7, 14.5% of all specimens yielded nonsorbitol-fermenting isolates. It is not certain whether the routine use of MacConkey-Sorbitol agar is justified when isolation rates ofE coli0157:117 are very low.
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Dutka, B. J., K. Jones, and H. Bailey. "Enumeration of Klebsiella spp. in cold water by using MacConkey-inositol-potassium tellurite medium." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 53, no. 7 (1987): 1716–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.53.7.1716-1717.1987.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "MacConkey medium"

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CHEN, CHIA-HSIN, and 陳家欣. "Studies on the detection of blue pigment and mechanism of color development on MacConkey medium for Erwinia chrysanthemi." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/34529344147484363375.

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碩士<br>輔仁大學<br>生命科學系碩士班<br>96<br>chapter-1-Abstract The blue pigment, indigoidine, was discovered in Pseudomonas indigofera, Erwinia chrysanthemi can also produce this blue pigment. E. chrysanthemi is a plant-pathogenic enterobacterium responsible for soft rot diseases in many crops. The blue pigment has the potential to prevent the oxygen radicals of plant defence mechanisms. Until now, we don’t confirm indigoidine existence in plant soft rot tissues, because the blue pigment is difficult to purify and without standard. At first, E. chrysanthemi produce abundant indigoidine in NGM medium, then we purified blue pigment by a method early devised in laboratory. The blue pigment structure agree with indigoidine by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (NMR) and Infrared Spectroscopy (IR) structure determination. The blue pigment standard could be dissolved in DMSO solution. HPLC with methanol as mobile phase and absorption at 615 nm. HPLC separation showed a clear peak at 3 minute after sample injection. The plant soft rot tissues by E. chrysanthemi-infected had been purified, and the HPLC separation showed a minim peak at 3 minute after sample injection. In contrast, E. chrysanthemi suspension in NGM medium added into plant soft rot tissues, HPLC separation showed a clear peak at 3 minute as well as standard. We add standard to purified product of plant soft rot tissues for HPLC detection, HPLC separation showed the minim peak increase significantly at 3 minute. The result demonstrate the existence of indigoidine in the E. chrysanthemi-infected plant tissues. When we added hydrogen peroxide and Ferrous Sulphate into blue pigment, Fenton reaction, oxidated and changed the color. The blue pigment within hydrogen peroxide via 65℃ sonication could enhance oxidation and the color turned into colorless at 90 min. chapter-2-Abstract Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora (Erc) and E.chrysanthemi (Ech) were first grown in MacConkey medium. Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora produces brick red colonies but E. chrysanthemi produces colorless colonies. MacConkey medium was used for differentiating lactose-fermenting from lactose-nonfermenting bacterium. Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora and E. chrysanthemi have different color on the MacConkey medium. Accordingly, we have focused on lactose fermentation related gene in Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora and E. chrysanthemi. Specific oligonucleotide primers lacZ-F+R (671 bp) and lacY-F2+R2 (500 bp) could be used to detecte by PCR amplification and Southern hybridization for Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora and E. chrysanthemi. These data indicated Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora possess lacZ and lacY gene, but E. chrysanthemi only possess lacZ gene. We suggest that lacZ and lacY gene are concerned in fermentation of lactose. The other Erwinia spp. grown in MacConkey medium, we discovered only E. rhapontici ER1 and E. rhapontici ER120(T) could develop red colonies. Other Erwinia spp. are also detected lacZ and lacY gene by PCR amplification and Southern hybridization. These data indicated E. cypripedii EC160 、 E. cypripedii EC155(T) 、 E. rhapontici ER1 、 E. rhapontici ER120(T) and E. nigrfluensi EN105 contain lacZ gene and E. rhapontici ER1 is the only one can be detected with lacY gene. We construct lacZ gene by Dickeya dianthicola 1200 (E.chrysanthemi pv . dianthicola) genomic library. LA medium contain X-gal and chloramphenicol was used to screen blue colonies. We found 2 clonies with the specific primer lacZ-F+R3 318 bp fragment. The plasmid of blue clone digest with EcoRI and EcoRI+HindIII. We used Dig- labeled lacZ fragment as probe in Southern hybridization. The result show only 2 clones which have lacZ hybridize fragment. We choosed EPI300-1200-A-10 clone for gene subcloning.
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Book chapters on the topic "MacConkey medium"

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Shen, Cangliang, and Yifan Zhang. "Introduction of bacteria medium, nutritional requirements (synthetic and complex media), selective & differential media (MacConkey, mannitol salt, blood agar)." In Introductory Microbiology Lab Skills and Techniques in Food Science. Elsevier, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-821678-1.00010-1.

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"Cefixime tellurite sorbitol MacConkey (CT-SMAC) agar." In Handbook of Culture Media for Food Microbiology. Elsevier, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0079-6352(03)80037-1.

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Conference papers on the topic "MacConkey medium"

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A. ABDUL KADER, May, and Amera Mahmood AL-RAWI. "INVESTIGATION AND ISOLATION OF BIOFILM GROW IN REFRIGERATORS." In VI.International Scientific Congress of Pure,Applied and Technological Sciences. Rimar Academy, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.47832/minarcongress6-22.

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Many people are often suffering from food poisoning and other health diseases. The isolation of pathogens from domestic refrigerators was performed to determine the prevalence of pathogenic microorganisms. Samples were obtained from domestic refrigerators of various parts of Mosul city. The swabs were inoculated onto Mannitol salt agar, EMB agar, MacConkey agar and were incubated for 24 hours at 37C. After incubation 10 bacterial cultures were obtained using various cultivation medium. Gram’s staining revealed 10 isolates were Gram negative. For the Gram negative isolates biochemical tests were performed. Catalase test showed positive results for all the isolates. From the morphological and biochemical characteristics the isolates were identified as Salmonella sp., Citrobactor sp., Proteus sp., E. coli. These findings underline the need for greater consumer’s education regarding proper cleaning of their refrigerators and safe food handling practices.
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Sajet AL-OQAILI, Rasha Mohamed, Huda Zuheir MAJEED, Firas Mohammed Sajet AL-OQAILI, and Abdalkader Saeed LATIF. "USE OF BEET ROOT FOR CULTURING GRAM NEGATIVE BACTERIA IN LABORATORY." In IV.International Scientific Congress of Pure,Appliedand Technological Sciences. Rimar Academy, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.47832/minarcongress4-2.

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Microbes were grown in the laboratory for different purposes, by supporting their needs for growth .Nutrient Agar is a universal medium used for growing a wide spectrum of bacteria. The needing to make a medium which could replace the used commercial media by using materials which is available at the local market and cheap ,especially using these media at scientific search laboratories cost so much due to high needs and use. This led to think about using grains and plant roots as a substitute materials in order to prepare new media to cultivate bacteria. This study use Beet root to prepare a medium to replace the traditional ready media which used to cultivate bacteria. Detection the growth of Gram negative bacteria on Beet root Agar and Broth was done , preparation of Differential Beet Root media by adding lactose, bile salts and neutral red stain. The Differential Beet root media efficacy in growth of some Gram negative and positive pathogenic bacteria werenot significant at 0.05, if compared with the Nutrient and MacConkey media . Differentiation between lactose fermenter and non-lactose fermenter was done on differential Beet root media. It had the ability to inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus in comparison with other culture media at 0.05 level. This study showed the possibility of using available , cheap and simple materials as a medium which could replace the traditional ready media , after adding nourishing and mineral salt materials which was convenient for bacteria without any change in metabolism or the morphology
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BAQER, Batool Abd Al Ameer, and Maysoon Khaleefah ABBAS. "EFFECT OF CEPHALOSPORINS ON ( BIOFILM PRODUCTION AND PROTEASE ) ACTIVITIES BY SOME BACTERIA ISOLATED FROM OTITIS MEDIA." In III.International Scientific Congress of Pure,Appliedand Technological Sciences. Rimar Academy, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.47832/minarcongress3-1.

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30 samples (swab) were collected from patients suffering from Otitis media. Swabs were implanted on the culture media blood agar and MacConkey agar to isolate the bacteria and to diagnose them using microscopic, culture and biochemical tests and confirmed by the Vitck-2 system. Of the total, 18 isolates were selected which belong to 8 (26.6%) Staphylococcus aureus, 5 (16.6%) Klebsiella pneumonia, and 4 (13.3%) Escherichia coli. All isolates were investigated for sensitivity to (18) antibiotics, six of them from the cephalosporins group The results showed that all isolates were 100% resistance to Cefotaxime, Ceftazidime, Cefixime, Ceftriaxone, Cefepime, Cefoxitin, Aztronam, Ampenicillin, while the isolates showed the lowest percentage of resistance to Imipenem (4.54) %, while all differences showed a clear difference in some of their resistance. Of the antagonists (Vancomycin, Erythromycin, Rifampin) with a percentage of (95.45, 27.27, 18.18)%, respectively. but for concentrations (4–16)µg/ml were ineffective for some of them. The (Minimal inhibitory concentrations ) MIC test indicated that it ranged between (4–32)µg/ml for Ceftriaxone and (16–32)µg/ml for Ceftazidime. All isolates were shown ability have (100%) activity to produce (Biofilm) was tested on the Congo red agar (CRA) medium, and ability to produce a protease enzyme by (72.22%) on Skim milk agar medium. The results showed a effect of inhibitory concentrations of Ceftriaxone on the activity of biofilm production and the protease enzyme, further the results of this study showed that the following concentrations (1024, 512, 256 and 128)µg/ml were lethal to isolates, while (32–64)µg/ml were inhibitory, Also, the molecular diagnosis shown results of Agarose - gel electrophoresis of both (normal case) S. aureus, E. coli and Kl. pneumonia and heal isolates observed the presence of chromosomal and plasmid DNA bands in the normal status but alone chromosomal DNA bands occur with the isolates deal in Ceftriaxone at levels of (32–128 )µg/ml. In the study of the effect of some Gram-negative bacteria by using IL-2 human. It can be used in the diagnosis of inflammation of the Otitis Media. Key words: Cephalosporins, Otitis media, Biofilm, protease, E. coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumonia.
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A. TAHER, Nehad, Batool Abd Al Ameer BAQER, and Ruaa Ali JASIM. "EFFECT OF ETHIDIUM - BROMIDE ON ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANT OF UROPATHOGENIC E. COLI ISOLATES." In DETERMINATION OF THE ACTUAL INTENSITY BY CORRECTION OF THE EMISSION SPECTRUM LINES OF HEAVY METALS CONTAINED IN CRUDE OIL USING LASER INDUCED PLASMA –TECHNIQUE. Rimar Academy, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.47832/minarcongress4-7.

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Antimicrobial Resistance among commonly –acquired uropathogens is an emerging concern over the past decades that warrants a continuing reevaluation of the appropraitens of recomended empiric antimicrobial Regimens for treatment of Urinary Tract Infections (U.T.I.s). Most of the Antibiotic Resistance Genes were plasmid determined, so it was, the first attempt to study the effect of curing agent (Ethidium-Bromide ) on Antibiotic Resistance of Uropathogenic E. coli isolates. (106) samples were collected from patients suffering from Urinary Tract Infection (U.T.I.). Samples were implanted on the culture media Eosinmethylene Blue (EMB) medium and MacConkey agar to isolate the bacteria and to diagnose them using microscopic, culture and biochemical tests and confirmed by the Vitck-2 system. Of the total, 45(42%) isolates were selected which belong to Escherichia coli. The susceptibility test towards eight antibiotics were carried out and the results showed that Ciprofloxacin, Erythromycin, Ampicillin, Norfloxacin, Ceftrixon and Amikacin were the most effective antibiotics and their resistance percentages were 20%, 20%, 20%, 20%, 30% and 30% respectively, Co-trimazole and Chloramphenicol were less effective and their resistance percentage were 90% both of them. Three isolates of E. coli (5,8,17) were selected depending on results of antibiotic sensitivity tests as showed multiple –antibiotic resistance (100%). First attempt made on the effect of Ethidium –Bromide (0.1%) as a curing agent on these three –multi-drug resistance (MDR) isolates which used at concentration (0, 10-1 , ------ -, 10-10 ) and the results showed E.coli (MDR) were sensitive to a ( Ciprofloxacin, Norfloxacin and ceftriaxone ) at Et.-Br. of concentration at (10-1 , 10-2 , 10-3 , 10-4 , 10-5 , 10-6 )while normal activity were observed at concenteation of (10-7 , 10-8 , 10-9 , 10-10 ) 0f Et.-Br. The results of Agarose – Gel Electrophoresis of both normal E. coli (MDR) and cured isolates showed the presence of chromosomal and plasmide DNA bands in the normal case while only chromosomal DNA bands with E. coli isolate no.(8) treated with an Ethidium –Bromide at concentration of (10-2 , 10-5 .
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