Journal articles: 'Mach Rider'

1

Ohta, T., and R. Matsuzaki. "Flow Visualization on Lower Surfaces of Wave Rider Configurations at Mach 5.5." Journal of Spacecraft and Rockets 35, no. 3 (May 1998): 405–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/2.3343.

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Chen, Zhang Ying, Xing Nong Zhang, Xiu Qing Peng, and Hui Liu. "Study on Flow Pattern and Characteristics of Sediment Deposition in Tidal Reach of Yangtze River." Applied Mechanics and Materials 212-213 (October 2012): 283–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.212-213.283.

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Taking Nanjing macha river mouth of Yangtze river for example, a two-dimensional flow and sediment mathematical model was established to study flow pattern and characteristics of sediment deposition. The results of flow pattern show that there isn’t flood tidal current in the Nanjing baguazhou reach, but with tidal level alternating between flood tide and ebb tide, there is flood tidal current inside the river mouth under the condition of flood water. The calculation results of sediment deposition show that the sediment deposition is connected with the flow character and the incoming water and sediment condition. The deposition thickness at macha river mouth is much more than that of inside the macha river, and the sediment deposition in 1998 is much more than that of in 2006. With the increasing of calculational time, the deposition thickness per year decreases.

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Waringer, Johann, and Wolfram Graf. "Light-trapping of Trichoptera at the March, a lowland river in Eastern Austria." River Systems 16, no. 3 (February 13, 2006): 351–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/lr/16/2006/351.

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Shang, Wei Yan, and Fa Ju Qiu. "Design and Optimization of the Suspension System on the Wheel-Tracked Exploration Robot." Applied Mechanics and Materials 37-38 (November 2010): 294–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.37-38.294.

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In order to improve the ride performance of the wheel-tracked exploration robot, the suspension structure characteristics of wheel-tracked exploration robot have been analyzed, and the vibration model of the robot has subsequently been established. The stiffness coefficients and damp coefficients of the suspension system have been optimized, and the best mach program has been obtained. The study not only implements the optimization design of the suspension system, but also provides reference to other similar design problems.

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Haefner, R. R. "The IBM at Savannah River." IEEE Annals of the History of Computing 8, no. 1 (January 1986): 84–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mahc.1986.10001.

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MacDonald, Daniel G., and W. Rockwell Geyer. "Hydraulic Control of a Highly Stratified Estuarine Front*." Journal of Physical Oceanography 35, no. 3 (March 1, 2005): 374–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jpo-2692.1.

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Abstract Observations at the mouth of the Fraser River (British Columbia, Canada) indicate an abrupt frontal transition between unstratified river outflow and a highly stratified river plume with differences in salinity greater than 25 psu across a few meters in the vertical direction and several hundred meters in the horizontal direction. The front roughly follows a natural break in the bathymetry, crossing the channel at an angle of approximately 45°, and is essentially stationary for a period of approximately 3.5 h centered on the low tide following the larger of two daily ebbs. The location of the front is coincident with observations of significantly supercritical internal Froude numbers at the front, based on velocities in the along-flow direction. This observation contradicts the one-dimensional theory, which indicates that the Froude number should be 1. However, because the front is oriented obliquely to the outflow, a coordinate system can be selected that is normal to the front and for which a critical Froude number of 1 is obtained. This indicates that a Froude angle, similar in application to a Mach angle for transonic flows, can be used to determine critical conditions when the front is oblique to the principal flow direction.

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Albinger, O. "Bacteriological investigations of water and sediment of the River Danube between streamkilometers 16 and 1868 from March, 3rd-17th, 1988." Veröffentlichungen der Arbeitsgemeinschaft Donauforschung 8, no. 2-4 (June 1, 1992): 115–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/agdonauforschung/8/1992/115.

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Ziegler, Gary R., and J. McKim Malville. "Choquequirao, Topa Inca's Machu Picchu: a royal estate and ceremonial center." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 7, S278 (January 2011): 162–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921311012580.

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AbstractWe provide a history and description of the Inca archaeological complex of Choquequirao, located high on a narrow ridge above the Apurimac River in a remote region of the Vilcabamba of Peru. We suggest that Choquequirao was built as a royal estate during the late 15th century by the Inca ruler, Topa Inca Yupanki, modeled after Machu Picchu. It was built in part by workers imported from Cachapoyas in Northern Peru. The site has alignments with the June and December solstices suggesting a strong solar focus and year-round ceremonial activities. A large truncated hill served as a ceremonial platform or ushnu. The platform was accessed through a double-jamb entranceway, indicating that passage was probably limited to those of high status. We suspect Choquequirao functioned as a ceremonial center. It shares with Machu Picchu the remoteness, ‘other worldliness’, and liminality that are found in many pilgrimage centers of the world. Though Choquequirao, high above the Apurimac River, has a location that is equally as dramatic as Machu Picchu, it lacks the formable geological material required to create imperial-style monumental structures and shaped stone huacas. Choquequirao was occupied during the early colonial years by the Neo-Inca, and was abandoned sometime after the death of the last Inca in 1572. It is a fascinating puzzle that Spanish travelers of the time apparently never reached or described this major Inca complex, which was the most impressive in the Vilcabamba. Somehow, the Inca managed to keep it secret although relatives and others journeyed back and forth to colonial Cusco.

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Bulmer, M. H., and T. Farquhar. "Design and installation of a Prototype Geohazard Monitoring System near Machu Picchu, Peru." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 10, no. 9 (September 30, 2010): 2031–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-10-2031-2010.

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Abstract. The town of Machu Picchu, Peru, serves the >700 000 tourists visiting Machu Picchu annually. It has grown threefold in population in the past two decades. Due to the limited low-lying ground, construction is occurring on the unstable valley slopes. Slopes range from <10° on the valley floor to >70° in the surrounding mountains. The town has grown on a delta formed at the confluence of the Alcamayo, Aguas Calientes and Vilcanota Rivers. Geohazards in and around the town of particular concern are 1) large rocks falling onto the town and/or the rail line, 2) flash flooding by any one of its three rivers, and 3) mudflows and landslides. A prototype early warning system that could monitor weather, river flow and slope stability was installed along the Aguas Calientes River in 2009. This has a distributed modular construction allowing components to be installed, maintained, salvaged, and repaired by local technicians. A diverse set of candidate power, communication and sensor technologies was evaluated. Most of the technologies had never been deployed in similar terrain, altitude or weather. The successful deployment of the prototype proved that it is technically feasible to develop early warning capacity in the town.

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Li, Xin, Ai Guo Zhou, Yi Ge Du, and Yong Huang. "River Regulation of a Phosphate Mine Area in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area." Applied Mechanics and Materials 405-408 (September 2013): 2138–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.405-408.2138.

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In order to meet the requirements for flood prevention, the blocked river channel of a certain phosphate mine area which located in the Three Gorges Reservoir area requires to be regulated. The river channel has the features of mountain-rivers. The flood prevention standard of the river channel is designed to prevent 50-year flood according to the local meteorological and hydrological data. The gravity gabion retaining walls has been used to support side slopes, the Reynolds gabion cushion has been used to protect the bottom, and the reinforced Mack mattresses has been employed to protect slopes. The results indicate that the minimum cross sectional area of the river is 25.743 m2 under the condition of 50-year flood, which is lower than the designed maximum cross sectional area of the river 31 m2, meaning that the design of the river channel meets the flood prevention requirements. In addition, the special material composition and structure features of gabion structures do not only overcome the defects of the traditional structure which features stereoplasm imperviousness and is prone to aging and failures, but also are characterized by good foundation adaptability and ecological features. This project can be referred to similar projects as the new ideas in river regulation of mine mountain areas.

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Roster, Catherine A. "“Girl Power” and Participation in Macho Recreation: The Case of Female Harley Riders." Leisure Sciences 29, no. 5 (October 2, 2007): 443–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01490400701544626.

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12

Perels, Joachim. "Wider die Umwandlung von Macht in Recht. Zum Tod von Helmut Ridder (1919–2007)." Kritische Justiz 40, no. 2 (2007): 196–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/0023-4834-2007-2-196.

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13

Cirkovic, Sima. "Macva fortress, Macva territory." Prilozi za knjizevnost, jezik, istoriju i folklor 74, no. 1-4 (2008): 3–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/pkjif0804003c.

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Nowadays is Macva region of the Republic Serbia between the rivers Drina and Sava. Its name is derived from the Hungarian fortress Macho recorded in the 13th century. Originally it was more extended toward south and east, it inherited the province of Sirmium from the Byzantine period. Under the rule of the Hungarian kings Macva was conferred to the closest relatives of the ruler. Since the end of the 13th century the region was disputed between Hungarian and Serbian kings. The fortress was situated on the southern bank of the river Sava, but its exact location remains unknown.

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14

Ivanova, Anastasia. "Organochlorinated compounds in the Prut river sediments." Annals of the ”Dunarea de Jos” University of Galati. Fascicle II, Mathematics, Physics, Theoretical Mechanics 41, no. 1 (June 10, 2018): 40–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.35219/ann-ugal-math-phys-mec.2018.1.06.

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15

Son, Hoang Thanh, and Truong Van Anh. "Determination of drainage corridor in the downstream Vu Gia - Han river, Da Nang city." VIETNAM JOURNAL OF EARTH SCIENCES 41, no. 1 (January 8, 2019): 46–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.15625/0866-7187/41/1/13546.

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Flood is one of the most well-known phenomena in the Central Vietnam where Da Nang city is located. As the most area in the central coastal part, this city frequently suffers to flood without any prevented structure like sea dike or river levee. The only thing that can help to the response for flood is emergency plans. Therefore, flooding still causes great damages to the economic development and social stability in this region. For ensuring the sustainable development of Da Nang city under the impacts of climate change and sea level rising, it requests a change in direction of the solution, from the flood control to the adaptation and living with floods through spatial planning to make a good condition for optimal drainage corridors. This paper suggests a design flood drainage corridors for Da Nang city that was developed by combining of mathematical model, GIS, hydro-meteorological documents of Vu Gia - Thu Bon basin from 2009 to present. These proposal solutions include (i) widening of the riverbed and providing a river corridor protection along both river banks; (ii) creating of drainage channels for the land between the rivers and (iii) creating of space for floodwater in an appropriate time. The result was so good and it helps to reduce the flood in Da Nang from 5% to 10%. Therefore this would be a scientific basis for identifying the flood drainage corridors of other river basins in the central coastal region without typical dike cover.ReferencesBruun et al., 2013 On the Frontiers of Climate and Environmental Change: Vulnerabilities and Adaptation in Central Vietnam, Springer Verlag, Berlin, Germany.CCFSC (Central Committee for Flood and Storm Control), 2005. “National Report on Disasters in Vietnam.”, the World Conference on Disaster Reduction, January 18–22, Kobe-Hyogo, Japan.Da Nang Statistical Office, 2016. Statistical Yearbook, Statistical publishing house, Hanoi.Da Nang University of Science and Technology, 2014. Project of Da Nang Hydrology and Urban Development Simulation Model supported by Rockefeller, Stored report of the Climate Change Coordination Office, Da Nang.Da Nang City Steering Board for Storm and Flood Prevention and Search and Rescue, Resume of the Flood Prevention and Search and Rescue works from 2000 to 2016, Stored report of the Office of People’s Committee of Da Nang city.Dang Thi Kim Nhung, 2016. Review of flood prevention planning in the central provinces from Quang Binh to Binh Thuan. Proceedings of the 55th anniversary of InstituteofWater Resources Planning, Hanoi.Decision No. 2357/QD-TTG dated 04 December 2013 approving the adjustment of general planning of Da Nang city by 2030 with a vision toward 2050.Decree No. 43/2015/ND-CP dated on 6 May 2015. Hanoi establishment and management of water source protection corridors.DHI Dan Mach, 2011. MIKE 11(RR+HD) - A Modelling system for rivers and channels, User guide.DHI Dan Mach, 2011. MIKE 21- Flow Model FM, User guide.Dinh Phung Bao, 2013. The study using GIS for flood prevention mapping system in Vu Gia-Thu Bon river basin, Stored report of the Mid-Central regional hydrometeorological center, Da Nang.FEMA, 1995. Managing Floodplain Development in Approximate Zone A Areas - A Guide for Obtaining and Developing Base Flood (100-year) Flood Elevations - FEMA 265.Floodway: https://www.fema.gov/floodplain-management/floodway#0.Hoang Ngoc Tuan, 2016. Comprehensive assessment of resistance of surface water resource to the climate change of the city, Stored report of Climate Change Coordination Office, Da Nang.Hoang Thai Binh, 2017. Determination of flood drainage corridor in the downstream area of Vu Gia - Thu Bon river (in Da Nang city) when the hydropower system in the upper in operation in the context of climate change. Final report of project’s code VAST-NĐP.12/15-16, Hanoi.JICA, 2009. Report Project for Building Disaster Resilient Societies in Central Regions of Vietnam.LUCCI, 2015. Study on the land use and climate change interactions in Central Vietnam, http://www.lucci-vietnam.info/vn/.Ministry of natural resources and environment, 2016. Climate change, sea level rise scenarios for Vietnam.NRWA Waterways Section And BG&E Pty LTD, 2006. Floodway Design Guide, Government of Western Australia.Nguyen Kim Loi, 2016. The support system for Flood warning (case study in Vu Gia - Thu Bon river basin, Quang Nam province), Agricultural Publishing House, Hanoi.SRV (Socialist Republic of Vietnam), 2007. National Strategy for Natural Disaster Prevention, Response and Mitigation to 2020. November 16. Hanoi, VietnamTran Tuan, Bui Dung, 2012. The.Natural Disasters in Vietnam A SYNTHESIS FROM A SOCIOECONOMIC PERSPECTIVE, 179-198.Vu Thi Thu Lan, 2011. Field survey and hydraulic modeling of Thu Bon river basin, Quang Nam province, Stored report of Steering Board for Storm and Flood Prevention of Quang Nam.Vu Thi Thu Lan, 2013. Flood prevention mapping of Vu Gia-Thu Bon river and Thach Han-Ben Hai river in scale 1/10.000. Stored report of Office for Water Resources Projects, Ministry of Agriculture & Rural Development, Hanoi.Vu Thi Thu Lan, 2013. The study of natural disasters variation (floods and droughts) in Quang Nam in the context of climate change, J. Sci. of the Earth, Hanoi, 35(1), 66-74.World Bank, 2012. Fiscal Impact of Natural Disasters in Vietnam, http://www.worldbank.org/fpd/drfip.

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16

Wagle, Suresh Kumar. "Studies on gonadosomatic index, fecundity and hatchability of domesticated stock of asala Schizothorax richardsonii (Gray) from Nallu River of Lalitpur District." Our Nature 12, no. 1 (March 3, 2015): 19–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/on.v12i1.12253.

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The present work embodies studies on the reproductive capacity of captive stock of asala Schizothorax richardsonii collected from Nallu River of Lalitpur district. Gonadosomatic index (GSI) estimates ranged from 3.08±0.9% in May to 26.55±1.8% in November. Positive correlation (r=0.667) was found between egg size and GSI. The egg size (2.7 to 2.9 mm) in October and November was significantly (P<0.01) larger than the eggs measured in other months. Based on peak GSI level, S. richardsonii spawned by manual stripping in two breeding season i.e. winter (October-November) and summer (Mach-April) in Godawari (1500 masl). Mean incubation period of fertilized eggs was 259 h and 248 h during winter and summer season at 14.2 to17.5 oC and 14.5 to15.5 oC water temperature, respectively. Percent hatching rates of eggs ranged between 38 to 90% and were not significantly different (P>0.05) between breeding seasons. Overripe eggs obtained during winter season breeding (16.5%) were significantly higher (P<0.01) than the summer season breeding (3.6%). This suggests that more frequent observation of the spawner is necessary during winter season for recognizing their appropriateness to ovulation. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/on.v12i1.12253Our Nature (2014), 12(1): 19-27

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PAIVA, THIAGO D. S., and INÁCIO D. D. SILVA–NETO. "Comparative morphometric study of three species of Apoamphisiella Foissner, 1997 (Ciliophora: Hypotrichea) from Brazilian locations, including a description of Apoamphisiella foissneri sp. n." Zootaxa 505, no. 1 (May 4, 2004): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.505.1.1.

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We present a morphometric study comparing three Apoamphisiella species from Brazil. A. jurubatiba and A. tihanyiensis from Cabi nas Lagoon (Maca Rio de Janeiro), and A. foissneri sp. n. from Limoeiro River (Al m Para ba Minas Gerais). This new species was approximately 150 x 70 m in vivo, and was characterized by having two postperistomial cirri, two contractile vacuoles, and no cortical granules. In contrast, both A. jurubatiba and A. tihanyiensis had cortical granules and a single contractile vacuole. Furthermore, A. jurubatiba had three posterior frontal cirri and its right marginal cirral row started in the dorsal surface, whereas A. tihanyiensis had two posterior frontal cirri. Moreover, the dorsal ciliature pattern was also different among the three species.

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18

Mosanu, Elena, P. Spataru, T. Lupascu, Maria Sandu, Tatiana Goreacioc, and A. Tarita. "The Evolution of Biochemical Oxidation of Ammonia Ions in Small Rivers Water." Chemistry Journal of Moldova 5, no. 1 (June 2010): 78–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.19261/cjm.2010.05(1).06.

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Nitrification is the oxidation of ammonia to nitrate, via nitrite and it occupies a central position within the global nitrogen cycle. Nitrifying bacteria are the organisms capable of converting the most reduced form of nitrogen, ammonia, to the most oxidized form, nitrate, but their activity is influenced by pollution level. Starting with the assumption that pollution of small internal water courses in the Republic of Moldova remained severe (phenols, detergents and copper regularly exceed the MACs) the work presented in the paper discusses the evolution of ammonia ions nitrification in the water of river Prut tributaries and its correlation with the content of pollutants in water: surface-active substances, Cu, BOD5, COD and other compounds.

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19

Vikram, H. C., N. Mini Raj, and S. Krishnan. "Investigations on developing a key for identification of elite nutmeg tree." Journal of Plantation Crops 44, no. 3 (February 3, 2017): 166. http://dx.doi.org/10.19071/jpc.2016.v44.i3.3166.

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Nutmeg (Myristica fragrans Houtt.) is unique among tree spices, as the donor of two distinct spices; nutmeg and mace. Yield is a complex phenomenon in nutmeg. Fruit yield per tree is the targeted quantitative parameter which is dependent on several other yield related components. Hence, an attempt was made towards identification of an elite nutmeg tree using desirable characteristics which are easily measurable and recognizable. Forty six morphotypes of nutmeg selected from core collections in the Chalakudy river basin in Kerala in the age group of 15 years formed the material for study. These samples of nutmeg represented almost all nutmeg growing tracts of Kerala. The accessions were evaluated based on 51 qualitative and 38 quantitative characteristics and grouped based on similarities. Thirteen key quantitative characters were selected based on their impact on yield as well as commercial importance.The qualitative clusters were ranked based on relative best performance of the perceived key characters. Database was generated for the key characters and from this database, plausible value of each character was predicted. Accordingly, an elite nutmeg tree may be characterized as having the ideal characteristics with approximate values viz. tree height (8 m), canopy spread (E-W: 7 m, N-S: 8 m), number of flowers (6 per 10 cm2), fruit set percentage (37), number of fruits m-2 (19), fruit weight (81 g), thickness of pericarp (14 mm), dry mace weight (2 g), dry nut weight (10 g), kernel weight (7 g), ratio of nut to mace (6.6) and number of fruits per tree (3342). It is a simple key involving characters which are measurable and recognizable at the farmer level.

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20

Arseni, Maxim, Adrian Roșu, Gabriel Murariu, Lucian Puiu Georgescu, Cătălina Iticescu, Mădălina Calmuc, and Valentina Calmuc. "The role of river channel roughness for water level modeling during the 2005 year flood on Siret river using HEC-RAS model." Annals of the ”Dunarea de Jos” University of Galati. Fascicle II, Mathematics, Physics, Theoretical Mechanics 42, no. 1 (July 28, 2019): 68–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.35219/ann-ugal-math-phys-mec.2019.1.10.

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Qiao, H., Y. W. Xiong, S. F. Jiang, H. T. Fu, S. M. Sun, S. B. Jin, Y. S. Gong, and W. Y. Zhang. "Gene expression profile analysis of testis and ovary of oriental river prawn, Macrobrachium nipponense, reveals candidate reproduction-related genes." Genetics and Molecular Research 14, no. 1 (2015): 2041–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4238/2015.march.20.14.

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Călmuc, Mădălina, Valentina A. Călmuc, Cătălina M. Țopa, Mihaela Timofti, Cătălina Iticescu, and Lucian Puiu Georgescu. "Review on water quality assessment in the Danube river basin." Annals of the ”Dunarea de Jos” University of Galati. Fascicle II, Mathematics, Physics, Theoretical Mechanics 41, no. 1 (June 10, 2018): 189–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.35219/ann-ugal-math-phys-mec.2019.2.11.

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Zhu, B. F., Y. Huang, Y. G. Dai, C. W. Bi, and C. Y. Hu. "Genetic diversity among red swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) populations in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River based on AFLP markers." Genetics and Molecular Research 12, no. 1 (2013): 791–800. http://dx.doi.org/10.4238/2013.march.13.8.

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Porto, F. E., B. S. Gindri, M. M. R. Vieira, L. A. Borin, A. L. B. Portela-Castro, and I. C. Martins-Santos. "Polymorphisms of the nucleolus organizing regions in Loricaria cataphracta (Siluriformes, Loricariidae) of the upper Paraguay River basin indicate an association with transposable elements." Genetics and Molecular Research 13, no. 1 (2014): 1627–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4238/2014.march.12.15.

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Sunjog, Karolina, Zoran Gačić, Stoimir Kolarević, Željka Višnjić-Jeftić, Ivan Jarić, Jelena Knežević-Vukčević, Branka Vuković-Gačić, and Mirjana Lenhardt. "Heavy Metal Accumulation and the Genotoxicity in Barbel (Barbus barbus) as Indicators of the Danube River Pollution." Scientific World Journal 2012 (2012): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1100/2012/351074.

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The aim of this study was to analyze 16 trace elements (Al, As, B, Ba, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Li, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sr, and Zn) in different barbel (Barbus barbus) tissues and to detect the presence of genotoxic effects in erythrocytes with the alkaline comet assay. Barbel specimens were collected in the Danube river near Belgrade, Serbia, where the discharge of untreated communal and industrial wastewaters is likely to produce negative effects on fish residing in this area. The highest concentrations of Sr, Mn, Fe, Ba, B, and Al were found in gills, Mo and Cu in liver, and As and Zn in gonads. Concentrations of Zn and Fe were above maximum acceptable concentrations (MACs) in a number of gonad, gill, and liver samples. Three-year-old barbel specimens had higher tail moment and Zn concentrations in gills (1.71 and 51.20 μg/g dw, resp.) than 5-year-old specimens (0.85 and 42.51 μg/g dw, resp.). Results indicate that the younger barbel specimens might be more suitable for the monitoring of environmental pollution.

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Yuan, F., J. L. Huo, D. L. Li, Y. Y. Yuan, W. Z. Lu, S. Song, L. J. Li, and Y. W. Miao. "Sequence characterization, polymorphism, and tissue expression profile of an effector immediate-early gene: activity-regulated cytoskeletal associated protein gene (Arc/Arg3.1) in swamp and river buffalo." Genetics and Molecular Research 13, no. 1 (2014): 2299–309. http://dx.doi.org/10.4238/2014.march.31.10.

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Koutalakis, Paschalis, Ourania Tzoraki, and George N. Zaimes. "Detecting riverbank changes with remote sensing tools. Case study: Aggitis River in Greece." Annals of the ”Dunarea de Jos” University of Galati. Fascicle II, Mathematics, Physics, Theoretical Mechanics 42, no. 2 (November 28, 2019): 134–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.35219/ann-ugal-math-phys-mec.2019.2.03.

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Gong, Daocheng, Hao Wang, Shenyang Zhang, Yu Wang, Shaw Chen Liu, Hai Guo, Min Shao, et al. "Low-level summertime isoprene observed at a forested mountaintop site in southern China: implications for strong regional atmospheric oxidative capacity." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 18, no. 19 (October 9, 2018): 14417–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-14417-2018.

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Abstract. To investigate the atmospheric oxidative capacity (AOC) in forested high mountain areas adjacent to the photochemistry-active Pearl River Delta (PRD) region in southern China, one-month online observations of isoprene and its oxidation products methyl vinyl ketone (MVK) and methacrolein (MACR) were conducted at a national background station in Nanling Mountains in summer 2016. The results showed that the observed daytime isoprene levels (377±46 pptv) were significantly lower in comparison with other forest sites within and outside China, although the sampling site was surrounded with subtropical evergreen broad-leaved trees which are strong isoprene emitters. Also, high daytime (MVK + MACR) ∕ isoprene ratios (1.9±0.5) were observed. Based on the observations, we hypothesized that the lower isoprene levels in the study forest might be attributable to a strong AOC in relation to the elevated regional complex air pollution. In further data analyses, high site-level concentrations of daytime OH (7.3±0.5×106 molecules cm−3) and nighttime NO3 radicals (6.0±0.5×108 molecules cm−3) were estimated by using a photochemical box model incorporating the master chemical mechanism (PBM-MCM), and high regional mixing ratios of OH (19.7±2.3×106 molecules cm−3) during 09:00–15:00 LT were also obtained by applying a parameterization method with measured aromatic hydrocarbons. And besides, high initial mixing ratios (1213±108 pptv) and short atmospheric reaction time (0.27 h) of isoprene during the day were derived by a sequential reaction approach. All these indicate that isoprene was rapidly and highly oxidized in this forest, which supports our hypothesis. The study suggests that the complex air pollution in the PRD may have significantly elevated the background AOC of the adjacent forests, and probably affects the regional air quality and ecological environment in the long term. The feedback of forest ecosystems to the increasing AOC in southern China warrants further studies.

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Clarke, Wil. "Book review: Inside TOPS: The Complete Guide to Networking Macs, PCs, and Printers, ed. by Jesse Berst, (New Riders Pub., 1989)." ACM SIGSMALL/PC Notes 17, no. 2 (June 1991): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/122045.1060534.

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Tanır, Özge Zencir. "Determination of heavy metals in some tissues of four fish species from the Karasu River (Erzincan, Turkey) for public consumption." Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies 50, no. 2 (June 1, 2021): 232–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/oandhs-2021-0020.

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Abstract The study aimed at determining the concentration of heavy metals in muscle, liver, and gill tissues of four fish species (Acanthobrama marmid, Capoeta umbla, Capoeta trutta and Chondrostoma regium) collected from five sites in the Karasu River, Erzincan, between July 2019 and January 2020. The relationships between fish size (length and weight) and metal concentrations in the tissues were also investigated using Pearson correlation analysis. Concentrations of Al, Fe, Cu, Mn and Zn were higher than those of other metals in all tissue samples from four fish species. Fe and Al concentrations were very high, while the lowest Co, Cd and Pb concentrations were determined in the muscle, liver and gill tissues. The results of Pearson correlation analysis showed that significant relationships between heavy metal concentrations and fish size (length and weight) were positive (p < 0.01, p < 0.05), except for a few cases. Furthermore, heavy metal concentrations in the edible parts (muscle) of the studied fish species did not exceed the maximum acceptable concentrations (MACs) proposed by national and international food standards and were safe within human consumption limits, except for Cr.

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Young, James. "Reviewer Acknowledgements." International Journal of Social Science Studies 5, no. 6 (May 27, 2017): 116. http://dx.doi.org/10.11114/ijsss.v5i6.2443.

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International Journal of Social Science Studies (IJSSS) would like to acknowledge the following reviewers for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Many authors, regardless of whether IJSSS publishes their work, appreciate the helpful feedback provided by the reviewers. Their comments and suggestions were of great help to the authors in improving the quality of their papers. Each of the reviewers listed below returned at least one review for this issue.Reviewers for Volume 5, Number 6 Amanda ElBassiouny, Spring Hill College, USAAnastasia Panagakos, Cosumnes River College, USAAyşegül Sili Kalem, Necmettin Erbakan Universitesi, TurkeyCaroline Schmitt, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, GermanyEmanuele Achino, C. D. T. O., ItalyImran Ali Sandano, Zhejiang University, ChinaJianquan Cheng, Manchester Metropolitan University, UKJosé María Fernandez-Crehuet, Universidad Politecnica de Madrid, SpainJulia M. Mack, Gannon University, USAK.O. Aramide, The Polytechnic Ibadan, NigeriaKatja Eman, Univerza v Mariboru, SloveniaLaura Diaconu Maxim, "Alexandru Ioan Cuza University" of Iasi, RomaniaRachita Shrivastava Roy, Department of Higher Education,Chhatisgarh-India, IndiaYanzhe Zhang, Jilin University, ChinaZlatan Begić, University of Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina

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Young, James. "Reviewer Acknowledgements." International Journal of Social Science Studies 6, no. 1 (December 27, 2017): 124. http://dx.doi.org/10.11114/ijsss.v6i1.2891.

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International Journal of Social Science Studies (IJSSS) would like to acknowledge the following reviewers for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Many authors, regardless of whether IJSSS publishes their work, appreciate the helpful feedback provided by the reviewers. Their comments and suggestions were of great help to the authors in improving the quality of their papers. Each of the reviewers listed below returned at least one review for this issue.Reviewers for Volume 6, Number 1 Agboola O. Paul, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, MalaysiaAmanda ElBassiouny, Spring Hill College, USAAnastasia Panagakos, Cosumnes River College, USAAntónio Calha, Polytechnic Institute of Portalegre, PortugalGhazali Bello Abubakar, Sokoto State University, NigeriaHyejin Lee, Tufts University, MA, USA and Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea, USAJadranka Svarc, Institute of Social Sciences Ivo Pilar, Zagreb, CroatiaJamie Spinney, Saint Mary’s University, CanadaJehu Onyekwere Nnaji, University of Naples II, Italy and Globe Visions Network Italy, ItalyJulia M. Mack, Gannon University, USAMickey Langlais, University of Nebraska – Kearney, USAMohammad Naji Shah Mohammadi, Kuala Lumpur, MalaysiaShun - Jen Hsiao, University of Washington, USATimbre Wulf-Ludden, University of Nebraska at Kearney, USA

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Records, R. M., M. Arabi, S. R. Fassnacht, W. G. Duffy, M. Ahmadi, and K. C. Hegewisch. "Climate change and wetland loss impacts on a Western river's water quality." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions 11, no. 5 (May 15, 2014): 4925–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hessd-11-4925-2014.

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Abstract. An understanding of potential stream water quality conditions under future climate is critical for the sustainability of ecosystems and protection of human health. Changes in wetland water balance under projected climate could alter wetland extent or cause wetland loss. This study assessed the potential climate-induced changes to in-stream sediment and nutrients loads in the historically snow melt-dominated Sprague River, Oregon, Western United States. Additionally, potential water quality impacts of combined changes in wetland water balance and wetland area under future climatic conditions were evaluated. The study utilized the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) forced with statistical downscaling of general circulation model (GCM) data from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project 5 (CMIP5) using the Multivariate Adaptive Constructed Analogs (MACA) method. Our findings suggest that in the Sprague River (1) mid-21st century nutrient and sediment loads could increase significantly during the high flow season under warmer-wetter climate projections, or could change only nominally in a warmer and somewhat drier future; (2) although water quality conditions under some future climate scenarios and no wetland loss may be similar to the past, the combined impact of climate change and wetland losses on nutrient loads could be large; (3) increases in stream total phosphorus (TP) concentration with wetland loss under future climate scenarios would be greatest at high-magnitude, low-probability flows; and (4) loss of riparian wetlands in both headwaters and lowlands could increase outlet TP loads to a similar degree, but this could be due to distinctly different mechanisms in different parts of the watershed.

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KUSANO, TAMOTSU, and KINJI FUKUYAMA. "Body Size and Breeding Activity of a Stream-Breeding Ranid Frog (Rana sp.) in the Bonboni River, Itsukaichi-Machi, Tokyo." Japanese journal of herpetology 12, no. 2 (1987): 65–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.5358/hsj1972.12.2_65.

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Records, R. M., M. Arabi, S. R. Fassnacht, W. G. Duffy, M. Ahmadi, and K. C. Hegewisch. "Climate change and wetland loss impacts on a western river's water quality." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 18, no. 11 (November 14, 2014): 4509–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-18-4509-2014.

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Abstract. An understanding of potential stream water quality conditions under future climate is critical for the sustainability of ecosystems and the protection of human health. Changes in wetland water balance under projected climate could alter wetland extent or cause wetland loss (e.g., via increased evapotranspiration and lower growing season flows leading to reduced riparian wetland inundation) or altered land use patterns. This study assessed the potential climate-induced changes to in-stream sediment and nutrient loads in the snowmelt-dominated Sprague River, Oregon, western US. Additionally, potential water quality impacts of combined changes in wetland water balance and wetland area under future climatic conditions were evaluated. The study utilized the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) forced with statistical downscaling of general circulation model (GCM) data from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project 5 (CMIP5) using the Multivariate Adaptive Constructed Analogs (MACA) method. Our findings suggest that, in the Sprague River, (1) mid-21st century nutrient and sediment loads could increase significantly during the high-flow season under warmer, wetter climate projections or could change only nominally in a warmer and somewhat drier future; (2) although water quality conditions under some future climate scenarios and no wetland loss may be similar to the past, the combined impact of climate change and wetland losses on nutrient loads could be large; (3) increases in stream total phosphorus (TP) concentration with wetland loss under future climate scenarios would be greatest at high-magnitude, low-probability flows; and (4) loss of riparian wetlands in both headwaters and lowlands could increase outlet TP loads to a similar degree, but this could be due to distinctly different mechanisms in different parts of the watershed.

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Stover, Ed, Robert Pelosi, Michael Burton, Scott Ciliento, and Mark Ritenour. "Performance of `Oroblanco' and `Melogold' Pummelo × Grapefruit Hybrids on Nine Rootstocks on a Calcareous, Poorly Drained Soil." HortScience 39, no. 1 (February 2004): 28–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.39.1.28.

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Adjacent but separate trials of `Oroblanco' and `Melogold', both triploid pummelo [Citrus grandis (L.) Osbeck] × grapefruit (Citrus paradisi Macf.) hybrids, were established on nine rootstocks in the Indian River citrus region of Florida in 1993. The trees on the citrandarin rootstock ×639 [Cleopatra mandarin (C. reticulata Blanco) × trifoliate orange (Poncirus trifoliata L.)] were significantly more productive than trees on any other rootstock tested for `Oroblanco' and all rootstocks except Swingle citrumelo (C. paradisi × P. trifoliata) and Cleopatra mandarin for `Melogold'. Cumulative production of `Oroblanco' on ×639, through year 9, was 50% higher than for Swingle or Volkamer lemon [C. limon (L.)], which were the next highest in yield. `Melogold' displayed extremely low yield, with 45% of trees producing fewer than 50 fruit total in the 9 years of this study. Carrizo citrange (C. sinensis Osbeck × P. trifoliata) produced the smallest trees with both scion varieties, reflecting poor adaptation of this rootstock to the calcareous soil at the trial site. As expected, acidity of `Oroblanco' and `Melogold' was much lower than would be observed for grapefruit when fall harvested, with similar total soluble solids (TSS), and much higher TSS: titratable acidity ratio. Some rootstock effects on internal quality were observed.

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Young, James. "Reviewer Acknowledgements." International Journal of Social Science Studies 6, no. 2 (January 29, 2018): 144. http://dx.doi.org/10.11114/ijsss.v6i2.2960.

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International Journal of Social Science Studies (IJSSS) would like to acknowledge the following reviewers for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Many authors, regardless of whether IJSSS publishes their work, appreciate the helpful feedback provided by the reviewers. Their comments and suggestions were of great help to the authors in improving the quality of their papers. Each of the reviewers listed below returned at least one review for this issue.Reviewers for Volume 6, Number 2 Agboola O. Paul, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, MalaysiaAhmet Yıkmış, Abant Izzet Baysal Univeersity, TurkeyAmany Albert, Beni-Suef University, EgyptAnastasia Panagakos, Cosumnes River College, USAAntónio Calha, Polytechnic Institute of Portalegre, PortugalBo Li, St Ambrose University, USAE.Ozan Aksoz, Anadolu University, TurkeyJehu Onyekwere Nnaji, University of Naples II, Italy and Globe Visions Network Italy, ItalyJohn Boulard Forkuor , Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST) , GhanaJulia M. Mack, Gannon University, USAMohammad Naji Shah Mohammadi, Kuala Lumpur, MalaysiaQingzhi Huan, Peking University, ChinaRasa Poceviciene, Siauliai University, LithuaniaRemigiusz Kijak, "University of Warsaw", PolandSandro Serpa, University of the Azores, PortugalShariq aziz butt, Superior University Lahore, PakistanValentina Evangelista, G. d’Annunzio University, ItalyXian-Liang Tian, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, ChinaYanzhe Zhang, Jilin University, China, China/Australia

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Fuchs, H., H. P. Dorn, M. Bachner, B. Bohn, T. Brauers, S. Gomm, A. Hofzumahaus, et al. "Comparison of OH concentration measurements by DOAS and LIF during SAPHIR chamber experiments at high OH reactivity and low NO concentration." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 5, no. 7 (July 11, 2012): 1611–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amt-5-1611-2012.

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Abstract. During recent field campaigns, hydroxyl radical (OH) concentrations that were measured by laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) were up to a factor of ten larger than predicted by current chemical models for conditions of high OH reactivity and low NO concentration. These discrepancies, which were observed in forests and urban-influenced rural environments, are so far not entirely understood. In summer 2011, a series of experiments was carried out in the atmosphere simulation chamber SAPHIR in Jülich, Germany, in order to investigate the photochemical degradation of isoprene, methyl-vinyl ketone (MVK), methacrolein (MACR) and aromatic compounds by OH. Conditions were similar to those experienced during the PRIDE-PRD2006 campaign in the Pearl River Delta (PRD), China, in 2006, where a large difference between OH measurements and model predictions was found. During experiments in SAPHIR, OH was simultaneously detected by two independent instruments: LIF and differential optical absorption spectroscopy (DOAS). Because DOAS is an inherently calibration-free technique, DOAS measurements are regarded as a reference standard. The comparison of the two techniques was used to investigate potential artifacts in the LIF measurements for PRD-like conditions of OH reactivities of 10 to 30 s−1 and NO mixing ratios of 0.1 to 0.3 ppbv. The analysis of twenty experiment days shows good agreement. The linear regression of the combined data set (averaged to the DOAS time resolution, 2495 data points) yields a slope of 1.02 ± 0.01 with an intercept of (0.10 ± 0.03) × 106 cm−3 and a linear correlation coefficient of R2 = 0.86. This indicates that the sensitivity of the LIF instrument is well-defined by its calibration procedure. No hints for artifacts are observed for isoprene, MACR, and different aromatic compounds. LIF measurements were approximately 30–40% (median) larger than those by DOAS after MVK (20 ppbv) and toluene (90 ppbv) had been added. However, this discrepancy has a large uncertainty and requires further laboratory investigation. Observed differences between LIF and DOAS measurements are far too small to explain the unexpected high OH concentrations during the PRIDE-PRD2006 campaign.

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Fuchs, H., H. P. Dorn, M. Bachner, B. Bohn, T. Brauers, S. Gomm, A. Hofzumahaus, et al. "Comparison of OH concentration measurements by DOAS and LIF during SAPHIR chamber experiments at high OH reactivity and low NO concentration." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques Discussions 5, no. 2 (March 6, 2012): 2077–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amtd-5-2077-2012.

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Abstract. During recent field campaigns, hydroxyl radical (OH) concentrations that were measured by laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) were up to a factor of ten larger than predicted by current chemical models for conditions of high OH reactivity and low NO concentration. These discrepancies, which were observed in forests and urban-influenced rural environments, are so far not entirely understood. In summer 2011, a series of experiments was carried out in the atmosphere simulation chamber SAPHIR in Jülich, Germany, in order to investigate the photochemical degradation of isoprene, methyl-vinyl ketone (MVK), methacrolein (MACR) and aromatic compounds by OH. Conditions were similar to those experienced during the PRIDE-PRD2006 campaign in the Pearl River Delta (PRD), China, in 2006, where a large difference between OH measurements and model predictions was found. During experiments in SAPHIR, OH was simultaneously detected by two independent instruments: LIF and differential optical absorption spectroscopy (DOAS). Because DOAS is an inherently calibration-free technique, DOAS measurements are regarded as a reference standard. The comparison of the two techniques was used to investigate potential artifacts in the LIF measurements for PRD-like conditions of OH reactivities of 10 to 30 s−1 and NO mixing ratios of 0.1 to 0.3 ppbv. The analysis of twenty experiment days shows good agreement. The linear regression of the combined data set (averaged to the DOAS time resolution, 2495 data points) yields a slope of 1.02 ± 0.01 with an intercept of (0.10 ± 0.03) ×106 cm−3 and a linear correlation coefficient of R2=0.86. This indicates that the sensitivity of the LIF instrument is well-defined by its calibration procedure. No hints for artifacts are observed for isoprene, MACR, and different aromatic compounds. LIF measurements were approximately 30–40% (median) larger than those by DOAS after MVK and toluene had been added. However, this discrepancy has a large uncertainty and requires further laboratory investigation. Observed differences between LIF and DOAS measurements are far too small to explain the unexpected high OH concentrations during the PRIDE-PRD2006 campaign.

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Young, James. "Reviewer Acknowledgements." International Journal of Social Science Studies 5, no. 3 (February 24, 2017): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.11114/ijsss.v5i3.2244.

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International Journal of Social Science Studies (IJSSS) would like to acknowledge the following reviewers for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Many authors, regardless of whether IJSSS publishes their work, appreciate the helpful feedback provided by the reviewers. Their comments and suggestions were of great help to the authors in improving the quality of their papers. Each of the reviewers listed below returned at least one review for this issue.Reviewers for Volume 5, Number 3 Agboola O. Paul, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, MalaysiaAnastasia Panagakos, Cosumnes River College, USAEmanuele Achino, C. D. T. O., ItalyHenry Poduthas, West Texas A&M University, USAJianquan Cheng, Manchester Metropolitan University, UKJosé María Fernandez-Crehuet, Universidad Politecnica de Madrid, SpainJulia M. Mack, Gannon University, USAK.O. Aramide, The Polytechnic Ibadan, NigeriaKatja Eman, Univerza v Mariboru, SloveniaLaura Diaconu Maxim, "Alexandru Ioan Cuza University" of Iasi, RomaniaPriyono, Economics Faculty Universities, IndonesiaRachita Shrivastava Roy, Department of Higher Education, Chhatisgarh-India, IndiaRasa Poceviciene, Siauliai University, LithuaniaSandro Serpa, University of the Azores, PortugalSerkan Cicek, Mugla Sitki Kocman University, TurkeySharif Alghazo, University of Jordan, JordanSudershan Pasupuleti, The University of Texas, USAZafer İbrahimoglu, Marmara University Faculty of Education, Turkey James YoungEditorial AssistantOn behalf of,The Editorial Board of International Journal of Social Science StudiesRedfame Publishing9450 SW Gemini Dr. #99416Beaverton, OR 97008, USAURL: http://ijsss.redfame.com

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TOJO, KOJI, KEN MIYAIRI, YUTO KATO, AYANA SAKANO, and TOMOYA SUZUKI. "A description of the second species of the genus Bleptus Eaton, 1885 (Ephemeroptera: Heptageniidae) from Japan, and phylogenetic relationships of two Bleptus mayflies inferred from mitochondrial and nuclear gene sequences." Zootaxa 4974, no. 2 (May 20, 2021): 333–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4974.2.5.

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A new mayfly species, Bleptus michinokuensis sp. nov. (Ephemeroptera: Heptageniidae) is described on the basis of specimens of male and female adults and mature nymphs collected at a seepage zone of a small freshwater branch of the ‘Tachiya-zawa-gawa’ River located amongst the northern foothills of Mt. Gassan (Shonai-machi Town, Yamagata Prefecture, Japan). This new Bleptus species is characterized by its clear fore and hind wings. That is, they neither exhibit the distinct black band on the fore wings, nor the characteristic darkened margins along the edges of both the fore and hind wings. Rather it has a blackish colored terminal half of its fore legs (i.e., tibial, tarsal and pretarsal segments). These features differ clearly when comparing them to the other known species, Bleptus fasciatus Eaton. The information and data describing the habitat and distribution range of this new species are also noted. We also examined and discussed the genetic relationship of two Bleptus mayflies to settle the taxonomic status, inferred from the partially sequenced cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) and large mitochondrial ribosomal subunit (16S rRNA) genes, and also the nuclear internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) gene sequences. Consequently, phenetic and molecular phylogenetic analyses agreed well in terms of clustering.

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Hanzalová, K., J. Klokočník, and J. Kostelecký. "New knowledge in determining the astronomical orientation of Incas object in Ollantaytambo, Peru." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XL-5 (June 6, 2014): 273–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xl-5-273-2014.

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This paper deals about astronomical orientation of Incas objects in Ollantaytambo, which is located about 35 km southeast from Machu Picchu, about 40 km northwest from Cusco, and lies in the Urubamba valley. Everybody writing about Ollantaytambo, shoud read Protzen (1993). He devoted his monograph to description and interpretation of that locality. Book of Salazar and Salazar (2005) deals, among others, with the orientation of objects in Ollantaytambo with respect to the cardinal direction. Zawaski and Malville (2007) documented astronomical context of major monuments of nine sites in Peru, including Ollantaytambo. We tested astronomical orientation in these places and confirm or disprove hypothesis about purpose of Incas objects. For assessment orientation of objects we used our measurements and also satellite images on Google Earth and digital elevation model from ASTER. The satellite images used to approximate estimation of astronomical orientation. The digital elevation model is useful in the mountains, where we need the really horizon for a calculation of sunset and sunrise on specific days (solstices), which were for Incas people very important. By Incas is very famous that they worshiped the Sun. According to him they determined when to plant and when to harvest the crop. In this paper we focused on Temple of the Sun, also known the Wall of six monoliths. We tested which astronomical phenomenon is connected with this Temple. First, we tested winter solstice sunrise and the rides of the Pleiades for the epochs 2000, 1500 and 1000 A.D. According with our results the Temple isn't connected neither with winter solstice sunrise nor with the Pleiades. Then we tested also winter solstice sunset. We tried to use the line from an observation point near ruins of the Temple of Sun, to west-north, in direction to sunset. The astronomical azimuth from this point was about 5° less then we need. From this results we found, that is possible to find another observation point. By Salazar and Salazar (2005) we found observation point at the corner (east rectangle) of the pyramid by Pacaritanpu, down by the riverside. There is a line connecting the east rectangular "platform" at the river, going along the Inca road up to vicinity of the Temple of the Sun and then in the direction to the Inca face. Using a digital elevation model we found the astronomical azimuth, which is needed for confirm astronomical orientation of the Temple. So, finally we are able to demonstrate a possibility of the solar-solstice orientation in Ollantaytambo.

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Hanzalová, Karolína, Jaroslav Klokočník, and Jan Kostelecký. "New discoveries on astronomical orientation of Inca site in Ollantaytambo, Peru." Geoinformatics FCE CTU 14, no. 2 (December 8, 2015): 37–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.14311/gi.14.2.4.

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This paper deals with astronomical orientation of Incas objects in Ollantaytambo, which is located about 35 km southeast from Machu Picchu, about 40 km northwest from Cusco, and lies in the Urubamba valley. Everybody writing about Ollantaytambo, shoud read Protzen. (1) He devoted his monograph to description and interpretation of that locality. Book of Salazar and Salazar (2) deals, among others, with the orientation of objects in Ollantaytambo with respect to the cardinal direction. Zawaski and Malville (3) documented astronomical context of major monuments of nine sites in Peru, including Ollantaytambo. We tested astronomical orientation in these places and confirm or disprove hypothesis about purpose of Incas objects. For assessment orientation of objects we used our measurements and also satellite images on Google Earth and digital elevation model from ASTER. The satellite images were used to estimate the astronomical-solar-solstice orientation, together with terrestrial images from Salazar and Salazar (2). The digital elevation model is useful in the mountains, where we need the actual horizon for a calculation of sunset and sunrise on specific days (solstices), which were for Incas people very important. We tested which astronomical phenomenon is connected with objects in Ollantaytambo. First, we focused on Temple of the Sun, also known the Wall of six monoliths. We tested winter solstice sunrise and the rides of the Pleiades for the epochs 2000, 1500 and 1000 A.D. According with our results the Temple isn´t connected neither with winter solstice sunrise nor with the Pleiades. Then we tested also winter solstice sunset. We tried to use the line from an observation point near ruins of the Temple of Sun, to west-north, in direction to sunset. The astronomical azimuth from this point was about 5° less then we need. From this results we found, that is possible to find another observation point. By Salazar and Salazar (2) we found observation point at the corner (east rectangle) of the pyramid by Pacaritanpu, down by the riverside. There is a line connecting the east rectangular “platform” at the river, going along the Inca road up to vicinity of the Temple of the Sun and then in the direction to the Inca face. Using a digital elevation model we found the astronomical azimuth, which is needed for confirm astronomical orientation of the Temple. So, finally we are able to demonstrate a possibility of the solar-solstice orientation in Ollantaytambo.

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Reynolds, Ashley R., Kevin L. Seymour, and David C. Evans. "Late Pleistocene records of felids from Medicine Hat, Alberta, including the first Canadian record of the sabre-toothed cat Smilodon fatalis." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 56, no. 10 (October 2019): 1052–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjes-2018-0272.

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In the late 1960s, a team led by C.S. Churcher and A. MacS. Stalker collected over 1000 vertebrate fossils, mostly representing large herbivorous mammals, from bluffs along the South Saskatchewan River near Medicine Hat, Alberta, Canada. The records from this area also include the only documented case of the sabre-toothed cat Smilodon fatalis, but these specimens have not been described or illustrated, and therefore, their identification has never been verified. Here, all felid fossils recovered from the Medicine Hat bluffs are described and identified. We confirm the presence of the machairodontine S. fatalis and three additional taxa: the feline Lynx and the pantherines Panthera cf. P. atrox (American lion) and Panthera cf. P. spelaea (cave lion). Notably, this record of S. fatalis is its first confirmed occurrence in Canada and is a significant northerly range expansion, bringing the global distribution of this species in line with what is typical for a large felid. Should the tentative record of Panthera cf. P. spelaea be correct, this would represent its first occurrence in Alberta and a southeastern range extension, bringing it into the range of P. atrox. The possible presence of both P. atrox and P. spelaea suggests that Late Pleistocene pantherine biogeography in North America may be more complex than previously believed, particularly during relatively warm interglacial periods.

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Breithaupt, A., B. Haas, and J. P. Teifke. "Die Maul- und Klauenseuche und ihre wichtigsten Differenzialdiagnosen." Tierärztliche Praxis Ausgabe G: Großtiere / Nutztiere 40, no. 04 (2012): 225–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1623119.

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ZusammenfassungDie Maul- und Klauenseuche (MKS) ist eine hochansteckende Viruserkrankung der Paarhufer, die zur Bildung von Bläschen (Aphthen) und Erosionen an der Mundschleimhaut und unbehaarten Teilen der Haut, insbesondere an den Klauen, führt. Die MKS gehört wegen ihrer dramatischen ökonomischen Auswirkungen zu den bedeutsamsten Tierseuchen. Es besteht jederzeit das Risiko einer Einschleppung des Virus nach Europa mit dem Reiseverkehr sowie durch die illegale Einfuhr landwirtschaftlicher Erzeugnisse. Die typischen Wirte für MKS-Viren sind Klauentiere (Rinder, Schafe, Ziegen, Schweine und verwandte Wildtiere), doch können auch bestimmte Zoo- und Wildtiere aus anderen taxonomischen Gruppen wie Giraffen, Elefanten und Kamele an MKS erkranken. Stomatitiden und Klauenveränderungen kommen bei landwirtschaftlichen Nutztieren recht häufig vor und ihre Ursachen lassen sich oft nicht eindeutig klären. In manchen Fällen ist klinisch und pathomorphologisch eine differenzialdiagnostische Abgrenzung zur Maulund Klauenseuche nicht möglich, was eine labordiagnostische Abklärung zwingend erforderlich macht. Dies gilt besonders für solche Fälle, die durch die Erreger der vesikulären Stomatitis (VS) und der vesikulären Schweinekrankheit (SVD) hervorgerufen werden. Weitere Stomatitiden viraler Genese sind die Mucosal Disease (MD), das Bösartige Katarrhalfieber (BKF), die Rinderpest, die Pest der kleinen Wiederkäuer (PPR), die Stomatitis papulosa, der Lippengrind (Orf), die Blauzungenkrankeit (BT) und die epizootische Hämorrhagie (EHD). Beim Schaf wurden ätiologisch nicht näher aufzuklärende Mundschleimhautveränderungen beschrieben und als „OMAGOD“ bezeichnet. Auch Bakterien, chemische Noxen und mechanische Traumata können zu Stomatitiden und Klauenveränderungen führen.

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Young, James. "Reviewer Acknowledgements." International Journal of Social Science Studies 7, no. 5 (August 29, 2019): 83. http://dx.doi.org/10.11114/ijsss.v7i5.4494.

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International Journal of Social Science Studies (IJSSS) would like to acknowledge the following reviewers for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Many authors, regardless of whether IJSSS publishes their work, appreciate the helpful feedback provided by the reviewers. Their comments and suggestions were of great help to the authors in improving the quality of their papers. Each of the reviewers listed below returned at least one review for this issue.Reviewers for Volume 7, Number 5Abdul Azim Akhtar, Independent Academic & Researcher, Delhi, IndiaAnastasia Panagakos, Cosumnes River College, USAAntónio Calha, Polytechnic Institute of Portalegre, PortugalAslan,Yasin, Sinop University, TurkeyBegoña Montero-Fleta, Universitat Politécnica de València, SpainBo Li, St Ambrose University, USAE.Ozan Aksoz, Anadolu University, TurkeyEmilio Greco, Sapienza University of Rome, ItalyFroilan Mobo, Philippine Merchant Marine Academy, PhilippinesJehu Onyekwere Nnaji, University of Naples II,Italy and Globe Visions Network Italy, ItalyJuanita GOICOVICI, University Babeș-Bolyai of Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaJulia M. Mack, Gannon University, USAKatja Eman, Univerza v Mariboru, SloveniaLaura Diaconu Maxim, "Alexandru Ioan Cuza University" of Iasi, RomaniaMei-Ling Lin, National Open University, TaiwanMichael Brooks, North Carolina A&T State University, USAMohamed Mehdi Jelassi, IHEC Carthage, TunisiaNadarajah Pushparajah, University of Jaffna, Sri LankaOzgur Demirtas, Inonu University, TurkeyRonaldo R. Larioque, NUEVA ECIJA UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, PhilippinesYanzhe Zhang, Jilin University, China , China/Australia James YoungEditorial AssistantOn behalf of,The Editorial Board of International Journal of Social Science StudiesRedfame Publishing9450 SW Gemini Dr. #99416Beaverton, OR 97008, USAURL: http://ijsss.redfame.com

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Maurer, Michael A., Frederick S. Davies, and Donald A. Graetz. "Reclaimed Wastewater Irrigation and Fertilization of Mature `Redblush' Grapefruit Trees on Spodosols in Florida." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 120, no. 3 (May 1995): 394–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.120.3.394.

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An experiment was designed to determine the effects of canal water and reclaimed wastewater on growth, yield, and fruit quality of mature (25-year-old) `Redblush' grapefruit (Citrus paradisi Macf.) trees on sour orange (C. aurantium L.) rootstock. The study was conducted from 1 Oct. 1990 to 18 Apr. 1994 at a site adjacent to the Indian River County municipal wastewater treatment facility located near Vero Beach, Fla. Treatments included canal water applied based on one-third or two-thirds soil water depletion and reclaimed wastewater applied using microsprinklers at 23.1 mm/week (low), 30.7 mm/week (moderate) and 38.6 mm/week (high). Trees receiving low and moderate levels of reclaimed wastewater had the largest canopies and trunk diameters and highest yields, even though the amount of fertilizer applied was less than that of canal water plots. Leaf nutrient levels were generally within acceptable ranges for N, P, K, Ca, Mg, and Na except in 1991 when levels were deficient due to excessive rainfall and leaching. Leaf B levels were similar for all reclaimed wastewater treatments but were lower for the canal water treatment in 1992 and 1993. Fruit growth rate, fruit and juice weight, total soluble solids (TSS), titratable acidity (TA), and TSS: TA ratio were similar for all treatments in 2 of 3 years. Peel thickness was similar for all treatments. Heavy metal concentration in the reclaimed wastewater was at low or nondetectable levels. Similarly, enteric viruses in the effluent were always <0.003 plaque forming units/liter. Reclaimed wastewater irrigation significantly increased weed growth compared to the canal water treatment.

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Rouhani, Hamed, Patrick Willems, and Jan Feyen. "Effect of watershed delineation and areal rainfall distribution on runoff prediction using the SWAT model." Hydrology Research 40, no. 6 (November 1, 2009): 505–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/nh.2009.042.

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The effect of the division in number of subcatchments and the spatial distribution of areal rainfall on the prediction of streamflow was evaluated using the SWAT model and data from the Grote Nete River catchment (Flanders, Belgium). A multi-automatic calibration scheme (MACS), using the Shuffled Complex Evolution (SCE) optimization algorithm, was applied. A total of 6 delineations were examined. The performance of each model set-up was assessed with respect to the outlet measured daily total, quick and slow flow component. The highest Nash–Sutcliffe Efficiency (EF) value for daily total flow was obtained by a delineation of 21 subcatchments. The EF of daily slow flows are high (>0.7) and comparatively stable for all analyzed delineations. Although quick flows are systematically underestimated, for larger number of subcatchments a relative good agreement exists between observed and simulated extreme flows with medium to high return period, expect for the 65 subdivision. The effect of the spatial density of rainfall input was evaluated running the model with uniform and non-uniform areal distribution of rainfall. A modified definition of Nash–Sutcliffe Efficiency (NSEref) was introduced to measure the performance of the simulated runoff versus the reference flow, derived with the Thiessen-based areal rainfall as input. The analysis revealed that: (a) the NSEref decreases with the number of subcatchments in which the basin is divided, and (b) simulations using a uniform rainfall distribution equal to the rainfall recorded in a rainfall station situated centrally in the catchment underperform as input.

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Peiris, K. H. S., G. G. Dull, R. G. Leffler, and S. J. Kays. "Spatial Variability of Soluble Solids or Dry-matter Content within Individual Fruits, Bulbs, or Tubers: Implications for the Development and Use of NIR Spectrometric Techniques." HortScience 34, no. 1 (February 1999): 114–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.34.1.114.

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Spatial variation in soluble solids content (SSC) of fruits of apple (Malus ×domestica Borkh. cv. Red Delicious), cantaloupe (Cucumis melo L. Cantaloupensis group), grapefruit (Citrus paradisi Macf. cv. Indian River Ruby Red), honeydew melon (Cucumis melo L. Inodorus group), mango (Mangifera indica L. cv. Hayden), orange (Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck. cv. Valencia), peach (Prunus persica L. Batsch. cv. Windblow), pineapple (Ananas comosus L. Merr. cv. Kew) and tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.), and of bulbs of onion (Allium cepa L. Cepa group) and in dry-matter content (DMC) of potato (Solanum tuberosum L. cv. Russet Burbank) tubers was measured along three directional orientations (i.e., proximal to distal, circumferentially midway along the proximal to distal axis, and radially from the center of the interior to the outer surface). The pattern and magnitude of constituent variation depended on the type of product and the direction of measurement. Radial and proximal to distal variation was greater than circumferential variation in all the products tested. Honeydew had the highest radial variation with a SSC difference of 6.0 % and a cv of 22.8%, while tomato displayed lower radial variation with a cv of 1.0%. Pineapple had a proximal to distal SSC difference of 4.6% with a cv of 13.8%, while the difference in tomato was 0.6% with a cv of 5.1%. Circumferential variation of SSC in all products tested was <2% with cv ranging from 1.1% to 3.8%. The results confirm that considerable constituent variability exists within individual fruit and vegetable organs. This variability may affect the accuracy of calibration equations and their prediction capability. Therefore, within-unit constituent variability should be meticulously assessed when an NIR spectrometric method is being developed for the nondestructive quality evaluation and sorting of a product.

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Gullberg, Steven R., and J. McKim Malville. "Caves, Liminality, and the Sun in the Inca World." Culture and Cosmos 21, no. 1 and 2 (2017): 193–214. http://dx.doi.org/10.46472/cc.01221.0221.

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Caves were liminal features of the Inca sacred landscape, connecting this world with the underworld. They were places for making contact with ancestors and the powers of creation. In this paper we examine caves in southeastern Peru for solar orientations and cosmological context, with recourse to the concept of liminality that appears central to cave use. The cave within Kenko Grande has ceremonial steps adjacent to an altar upon which sunlight climbs at midday in June. A rear entrance and altar are illuminated at the time of the solar equinox sunrises. Lacco has three caves which have one solsticial orientation and two light-tubes. A primary opening in the cave at Lanlakuyok faces sunrise at the time of the equinoxes. Tambomachay contains a major fountain and a cave with a platform oriented to December solstice sunrise. Rumiwasi Bajo contains a number of niches and a nine-meter-long passageway oriented close to the June solstice sunset, while the other door opens to December solstice sunrise. Choquequilla is a complex cave opening to December solstice sunrise. The Royal Mausoleum is one of the major shrines of Machu Picchu and opens to June solstice sunrise. Intimachay is a cave with a constructed opening for the December solstice sunrise. The Temple of the Condor contains a cave approximately open to the anti-zenith sunrise. The Gran Caverna includes both an upper and a lower cave oriented for June solstice sunset. There are two caves at the River Intihuatana that, while part of an astronomically oriented complex, don’t have solstitial nor equinoctial orientations, nor do they have interior carvings. We end the paper by considering the role of caves and liminality in Inca cosmology.

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