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Journal articles on the topic 'Machine-tools - Numerical control - Programming'

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Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 January 2023

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Kolczyńska, Katarzyna, and Krzysztof Turczyński. "New solutions of programming numerical control machine tools." Mechanik, no. 7 (July 2016): 730–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.17814/mechanik.2016.7.146.

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Zhou, Jian Hong, Peng Shen, and Zheng Weng. "Study on Numerical Control System of Lampcover Spinning Machine." Applied Mechanics and Materials 336-338 (July 2013): 1303–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.336-338.1303.

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Chinese spinning technology has developed for more than 40 years. Especially in recent years, various kinds of spinning equipment have been developed and contributed a lot to Chinese equipment manufacturing industry, but it is blank in the light industry and civil industry. Due to the high cost and programming complexity of NC machine tools, we have no dedicated spinning machine and mostly rely on simple manual in the lampcover production. As to the above problems, we developed the lampcover NC spinning machines that can generate the track automatically and complete automatic control in the machining process.

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Piquero Calleja, J. M., E. M. Rubio Alvir, and M. A. Sebastián. "Computer-Aided System for Teaching Machining with Numerical Control." Materials Science Forum 625 (August 2009): 35–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.625.35.

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This paper presents SimUned-CN, software to learn the programming for Computer Numerical Control Machine Tools. This software is able to interpret any code of numerical control and simulates both lathes as milling machines. In addition, it has developed a help system for users less experts. Finally, the application takes up a small size, requires few resources and is able to run on most computers.

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Wang, Shan, and Bao Hua Wang. "Teaching Reform of Numerical Control Machine Tools and Programming Based on Modern Engineering Education." Advanced Materials Research 591-593 (November 2012): 2216–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.591-593.2216.

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Modern engineering education focuses on enhancing the comprehensive quality of talents and training their practice, innovation as well as openness. In this case, the course of numerical control machine tools and programming must respond positively to the development demand in higher vocational colleges. Under the guidance of its ideas, through purposefully, designedly integrating curriculum resources, strengthening practice teaching and reforming teaching methods together with teaching means, this paper aims at cultivating well-qualified engineering talents to better adapt to the development of society, science and technology in the 21st century.

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Haas, Titus, Sascha Weikert, and Konrad Wegener. "MPCC-Based Set Point Optimisation for Machine Tools." International Journal of Automation Technology 13, no. 3 (2019): 407–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/ijat.2019.p0407.

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Numerical control code is typically used for manufacturing a workpiece using machine tools. Most state-of-the-art approaches decouple the set point optimisation into two steps: the geometry and the feed rate optimisation that does not necessarily result in time-optimal set points for the desired geometry. Given the originally programmed geometry through the numerical control code, dynamic constraints of the machine tool, and maximum permissible contour error for the optimisation, a model predictive contouring control based set point optimisation approach is developed to generate time-optimal set points for machine tools globally. A suitable error definition and its linearisation are used whereby the optimisation problem can be represented by a quadratic programming problem with linear constraints. Compared to most state-of-the-art methods, a direct approach is presented and no previous geometry optimisation step is required. Depending on the demands of accuracy, different maximum contour error constraints and penalisation as well as various maximum permissible axis velocities and accelerations are presented and tested on a test bench. The method is shown to be adaptable to different demands on the set points, and the contour errors can be affected by either the constraints or penalising factors.

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Mwinuka, Tito E., and Beda M. Mutagahywa. "2D AutoCAD Geometric Data Extraction and Post- Processing for Numerical Control." Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology 34, no. 1 (2013): 44–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.52339/tjet.v34i1.458.

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In this paper, a method of extracting 2D geometric data from AutoCAD drawing and post- processing for Numerical Control (NC) is presented. Geometric data already available in the Drawing Interchange Files (DXF) can be utilized to accurately and economically prepare part programs for controlling NC/CNC machine tools. AutoCAD, being generalpurpose software, stores its geometric data in a form that cannot be directly applied for automatic generation of Numerical Control (NC) codes. The way around the discrepancy between the structure of a drawing database (DXF files) and the information requirement for part programming is addressed in this work. NC programming of a test componentdrawn in AutoCAD is also presented.

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Yu, Ying Liang, and Zai Dan Geng. "The Study on Application of Worm’s Numerical Control Machining." Key Engineering Materials 455 (December 2010): 594–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.455.594.

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One of the significant features of CNC technological superiority is in the practical applications, according to the necessary movement of processed parts required, we can use generating method to transform CNC machine tools and receive the desired results. This article discussed under the premise that lack of special equipment, transforming ordinary horizontal CNC milling to machine worm gear. The advantage of this numerical transformation approach is using the processing functions of thread and tapered thread instruction, skillfully translating into control of the CNC machining worm, expanding the CNC machining capabilities and the scope of practical application. Also apply the advantages of CNC technology, reduce or eliminate the accumulation of worm in the processing of pitch error which makes the worm processing precision and smoothness of worm drive better. This paper discussed the principles of numerical control transformation, transformation of milling machine structure and the conversion calculation of parameters in programming, analyzed the causes and processing effects of worm gear processing errors control and accuracy improving.

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Pereverzev, P. P., and D. Yu Pimenov. "Optimization of control programs for numerically controlled machine tools by dynamic programming." Russian Engineering Research 35, no. 2 (2015): 135–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3103/s1068798x15020197.

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Wang, Chao, Lin Nan Han, Yuan Yao, Qian Sheng Zhao, and Qing Xi Hu. "Research on Numerical Control Machining Simulation Based on Power Mill and VERICUT." Applied Mechanics and Materials 121-126 (October 2011): 2200–2204. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.121-126.2200.

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To prevent the collision of tools and machine during the process of numerical control processing, reduce the number of cutting experiments and improve the production efficiency, it is a better way by using virtual simulation. This paper based on a mold cavity model of STL files, realized the numerical control programming based on Power Mill, researched the dynamic simulation process based on VERICUT, and at last verified the correctness and practicability of VERICUT simulation result by physical processing, which provided a reliable reference for physical machining.

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Gao, Hong Hong, Ping Li, and Qi Cheng Lao. "Numerical Control Reformation for Gear Shaving Machine." Advanced Materials Research 411 (November 2011): 158–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.411.158.

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A numerical control (NC) reformation scheme is presented to reduce the failure rate and improve the performance and efficiency of the old gear shaving machine. On the basis of study the mechanical structure and shaving methods, the numerical control system 828D and the servo driver S120 developed by Siemens Company are used to replace the old control system. The diagonal shaving method is selected to design shaving program after analysis of the process route. The reformation completed parametric programming, realized numerical control of the shaving machine and improved the reliability and flexibility of the system.

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She, Chen Hua, Jian Yu Lin, and Shen Yung Lin. "Numerical Control Programming System for Mill-Turn Machining." Applied Mechanics and Materials 799-800 (October 2015): 1154–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.799-800.1154.

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To develop the numerical control program of mill-turn machine, the traditional method is to apply the computer-aided design and manufacture software to construct the geometric model, then to generate tool path and convert the path to NC program. For complex numerical control program of mill-turn machine, such as the multiple turret synchronized motion machining, because of the need to control time sequence, the NC program is highly required on using of dedicated software system. The objective of this paper is to establish a mill-turn machining system with window interface of via the language of Borland C++ Builder. The developed system can plan the machining path of simple mill-turn features, including turning shape, axial slot milling, and radial packet milling, and generate the corresponding NC program. For the milling functions, after the offset coordinates are calculated along the polygonal angle vector in the center point of cutters, the NC program is generated. For the turning functions, through importing the 2D DXF (Drawing Exchange Format) file and inputting related configurations, the entity coordinates can be retrieved and the corresponding NC program is then converted. By means of the solid cutting simulation software and practical cutting experiment for the generated numerical control program, the accuracy of the tool path generation algorithm is confirmed. Hence, the cost of purchasing commercial software can be saved and the time of generating program can also be decreased so that the working efficiency can be enhanced.

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She, Chen Hua, Kai Sheng Li, and Yueh Hsun Tsai. "Development of Five-Axis Machine Tool Cutting Simulation System with Nonorthogonal Linear Axis." Advanced Materials Research 314-316 (August 2011): 1587–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.314-316.1587.

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Five-axis machine tools with two additional rotational degrees of freedom provide more flexibility in tilting the tool axis to various orientations than conventional three-axis machine tools do, subsequently increasing the cutting efficiency and avoiding tool collision against a workpiece. Also, the risk of programming error can be avoided by simulating the five-axis Numerical Control (NC) code before real machining. This work presents a five-axis machine tool cutting simulation system with a nonorthogonal linear axis configuration. A window-based cutting system written by Borland C++ Builder and OpenGL is also developed based on the kinematics model of the proposed machine tool. Furthermore, implementing and verifying the five-axis NC code demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.

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Fatriyana, Maya. "CNC PROGRAM AND PROGRAMMING OF CNC MACHINE." Journal of Mechanical Science and Engineering 7, no. 1 (2020): 019–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.36706/jmse.v7i1.37.

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A programming to make parts are CNC Programming (Computer Numerical Control Programming) for machines. An NC program consists of a sequence of instructions that control the motion and automatic sequences of an NC Machine to perform a particular processing task. In a general sense, the term NC programming refers to the creation of control data for machining workpieces on NC and CNC machines. NC programming has a decisive influence on the cost-effectiveness and profitability of NC manufacturing. The selection of a programming system is mostly guided by the need for software that is suitable for the application at hand, readily available, and as universally applicable as possible.

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Mabrouk, Emad, Yara Raslan, and Abdel-Rahman Hedar. "Immune System Programming: A Machine Learning Approach Based on Artificial Immune Systems Enhanced by Local Search." Electronics 11, no. 7 (2022): 982. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics11070982.

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The foundation of machine learning is to enable computers to automatically solve certain problems. One of the main tools for achieving this goal is genetic programming (GP), which was developed from the genetic algorithm to expand its scope in machine learning. Although many studies have been conducted on GP, there are many questions about the disruption effect of the main GP breeding operators, i.e., crossover and mutation. Moreover, this method often suffers from high computational costs when implemented in some complex applications. This paper presents the meta-heuristics programming framework to create new practical machine learning tools alternative to the GP method. Furthermore, the immune system programming with local search (ISPLS) algorithm is composed from the proposed framework to enhance the classical artificial immune system algorithm with the tree data structure to deal with machine learning applications. The ISPLS method uses a set of breeding procedures over a tree space with gradual changes in order to surmount the defects of GP, especially the high disruptions of its basic operations. The efficiency of the proposed ISPLS method was proven through several numerical experiments, including promising results for symbolic regression, 6-bit multiplexer and 3-bit even-parity problems.

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Huang, Guo Qiang, Jian Qun Liu, and Wei Qiang Gao. "Development of CNC System Software for Micro V-Groove Machine Tool." Key Engineering Materials 679 (February 2016): 37–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.679.37.

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The computerize numerical control (CNC) system is one of the key factors for the development of micro v-groove machine tools to fabrication micro v-groove structures. Based on the investigation on the machining of micro v-groove structures, a developed software contains five modules: editing, automatic programming, program control, manual control and human machine interface. A3200 software based motion controller integrated with the machine characteristics is used in this study to develop the motion control functions of the micro v-groove machine tool. Meanwhile, a method is proposed to redefine the instructions of M, T and S by setting monitoring points so as to enhance the scalability of CNC system. The results show that the CNC system software is not only stable and reliable, but also satisfies the basic requirements of the ultra-precision machining of micro v-groove structures.

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Omirou, Sotiris L., and Marios M. Fyrillas. "A General G-Code Algorithm for Deep Hole Drilling." Journal for Manufacturing Science and Production 15, no. 2 (2015): 225–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jmsp-2014-0028.

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AbstractHole drilling is the most common machining operation performed on computer numerical control (CNC) machine tools or machining workshops. Drilling appears to be a relatively simple process however; when it involves drilling deep holes, it becomes one of the most complicated metal cutting processes. Although modern machine tool controllers are equipped with special drilling canned cycles, these cycles have significant constraints mainly due to their limited framework of application. The present work proposes a general G-code algorithm intended to accommodate effective deep hole drilling. The algorithm is characterized by flexibility in the pecking strategy and adaptability to the needs of each individual drilling case. The development of the proposed algorithm is based on parametric programming which is a powerful CNC programming technique.

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Wang, Z., J. Yang, G. Wang, and G. Zhang. "Application of three-parameter Weibull mixture model for reliability assessment of NC machine tools: a case study." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 225, no. 11 (2011): 2718–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954406211404298.

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To analyse the reliability of numerical control (NC) machine tools, a three-parameter Weibull mixture model is proposed in this case study. Negative log-likelihood function is used as an optimal objective instead of solving complex system of equations; the problem of parameter estimation of mixture model is solved by a non-linear programming method. A comprehensive criteria, which include Akaike information criterion, Bayesian information criterion, and root mean squared error, is presented for selecting the number of components of mixture model. The field failure data of three NC machine tools are analysed and the results of reliability assessment, such as the reliability, maintainability, availability, etc., are all presented. The results show that the mixture model of three-parameter Weibull distribution, with advantages over other Weibull models, is suitable for modelling failure data of multiple NC machine tools with multiple failure modes and causes.

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Núñez López, Pedro Jose, Eustaquio García Plaza, Angel Ramon Martín, and A. Egido. "An Integrated Methodology for the Teaching of Computer Aided Tools for Automated Machining." Materials Science Forum 692 (July 2011): 8–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.692.8.

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To date a wide variety of computer aided tools are available for computer numerical controlled (CNC) automated machine-tools. Solid modelling software and 3D computer-aided design (CAD) are know firmly established in the early design stage whereas computer aided machining (CAM) and computer numerical control (CNC) simulator software is employed during the manufacturing stage. Training in the use of these systems is often undertaken in separate technical disciplines and training courses (e.g., graphic representation, mechanical design, computer numerical control programming, computer-aided machining, manufacturing technology, etc.), but students often lack a sound global understanding of these tools and fail to comprehend the full potential of integrating these applications. Thus, the aim is to propose a global methodology for the teaching of computer aided automated machining systems by integrating an array of computer aided tools (3D solid modelling, CAD/CAM software, CNC simulators, DNC communication, etc.) in order to enhance knowledge and develop skills of the entire manufacturing process i.e., to provide practical hands-on tasks from the early design stages to the final stages of the computer aided automated machining of a product.

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Hu, Shi Jun, Hong Xiang Zhang, Ying Jie Chang, Jin Li, Chong Jian Li, and Ling Ling Zhang. "The Embedded Soft PLC Development System Research of Numerical Control Machine." Applied Mechanics and Materials 401-403 (September 2013): 1724–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.401-403.1724.

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in order to make the embedded soft PLC technology used widely in CNC machine, on the basis of analyzing the advantages of the embedded soft PLC technology and system structure, we draft the test plan and research methods, and analyze the research results, which indicate that the embedded soft PLC development system can provide intuitive, convenient and efficient programming environment for users and realize the accurate control of NC machine function.

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Bogdan, Laurean. "Using the Microcontroller and the PLC in a RPP Robot Control." Advanced Materials Research 463-464 (February 2012): 1721–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.463-464.1721.

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This paper presents some aspects regarding the possibility of combining microcontroller and programmable logic controller (PLC) for robot control. The RPP robot is designed and manufactured within the Faculty of Engineering from “Lucian Blaga” University of Sibiu, as a patent: BRAŢ TELESCOPIC, Nr. 112418 B1, Int.CI.6 B 25 J 18/02, from 17.02.1997. Classical systems for programming and control of industrial robot are based on numerical control equipment, developed around a PC. Programmable Logic Controllers (PLC) haves proven to be viable alternatives to driving machine tools, industrial systems and Robots. Microcontrollers as computers offer advantage due to programmable inputs and outputs ports. The application of a microcontroller and PLC in control of a robot is presented in this paper.

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Yun, Zhi Dong, and Ming He Dai. "The Realization of Numerical Control Machining of 2D Parts Based on MasterCam FBM." Advanced Materials Research 399-401 (November 2011): 1793–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.399-401.1793.

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Apply the function of FBM Mill and FBM Drill built in MasterCam to achieve the automatic NC programming and machining of solid parts.The feature modeling of parts is produced in Solidworks, and then converted to MasterCam. After the stock size of parts and FBM parameters are set, the features of parts are recognized automatically; and all of the 2D toolpaths of parts are automatically generated in a specified machine. Finally, the automatically generated NC toolpaths based on features are verified by simulating. FBM technology is adopted to eliminate the manual processes involved in identifying features for programming milling and drilling operations on solid parts, thus greatly increasing the efficiency and flexibility of programming, which is an effective method of achieving automatic NC programming.

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Wang, Zhelu. "Design and Implementation of Numerical Control Yarn Stranding and Binding Machine." Academic Journal of Science and Technology 1, no. 3 (2022): 100–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/ajst.v1i3.523.

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Yarn stranding and packaging machinery has always been a special mechanical equipment with high technical requirements and large cross industries in the light textile packaging industry. In order to realize the automatic stranding and packing of small batch yarn, the automatic stranding and packing system is designed according to its working principle, and the control system is designed based on smc6480 controller, and its software is used for programming. The experimental research shows that the control system of this project runs well, which is conducive to cost saving and function expansion of the subsequent sequence.

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Yang, Lin, Wei Wu, and Rui Nan Wu. "Research of Fault Diagnosis System for NC Machine Tool." Applied Mechanics and Materials 220-223 (November 2012): 364–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.220-223.364.

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As the theoretical research and practical application of the key technology and bottlenecks, Fault diagnosis technology get the focus of manufacturing field at home and abroad and have achieved some innovative research achievements[1]. This paper analyzed the failure causes of numerical control machine, linked the fault tree and fault diagnosis expert system knowledge base, develops numerical control machine fault diagnosis expert system which has a friendly man-machine interface, reasonable reasoning method and explanation function by using C programming language and object-oriented program design method.

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Batista Mota, Josué, Gilmar De Pontes Barros Bezerra, Jardeson De Araújo Arlindo, et al. "Construction of a low-cost mobile embedded system for computer numerical control and educational purpose." International Journal for Innovation Education and Research 7, no. 11 (2019): 1235–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.31686/ijier.vol7.iss11.1996.

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This article describes the construction of a low-cost, mobile, CNC (Computerized Numerical Command) mini machine, bringing as its objective the gain of experience in relation to machining knowledge, where the device executes a list of movements written in the programming language G. For the development of the project, the Arduino Nano embedded system, two CD / DVD players and two H bridges (L293D) were used. Afterward, the assembly, programming and results of the project in question are described.

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Gao, Yong Xiang. "Application of UG-Based 5-Axis Linkage Numerical Control Machining Technology in Blow Mold." Applied Mechanics and Materials 220-223 (November 2012): 355–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.220-223.355.

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5-axis linkage machining has been more and more widely used, but its programming and operation is relatively complicated. Directing at the structural parameters of the blow molds of beverage bottles, this paper proposed strategies for the multi-axis machining technology. And then this paper described the development process of the dedicated post processor of a certain model’s 5-axis linkage machine tool, and the generation of NC code needed by the machine tool, which realizes the multi-axis machining of blow mold.

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Huang, Tian Biao. "Study on NC Machine Tool Select Incremental Value Programming and Select Absolute Value Programming of Machining Accuracy." Advanced Materials Research 314-316 (August 2011): 1652–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.314-316.1652.

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The most important issue of concern for NC processing operators and designers is to establish perfect numerical control processing procedure, to processes high grade components[7]. The introduction of NC processing application in accordance with the same processing craft is to see whether they result in two kinds of different processing precisions.

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Holovnia, V., M. Horodyskyi, and A. Tkachuk. "Students training for numerical control machines programming by means of computer-aided manufacturing tools." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1840, no. 1 (2021): 012043. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1840/1/012043.

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Brecher, C. Prof, T. Berners, and M. Obdenbusch. "Plattformunabhängige NC-Kernerweiterung*/Platform-independent NC-core extensions." wt Werkstattstechnik online 106, no. 05 (2016): 320–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.37544/1436-4980-2016-05-34.

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Einige Steuerungen von Werkzeugmaschinen gestatten es, durch NC (Numerical Control)-Kernerweiterungen auf Signale und Daten in Echtzeit zuzugreifen und diese zu manipulieren. Die Entwicklung der NC-Kernerweiterung ist jedoch geprägt von einer fehleranfälligen Phase der Programmierung. Es wird eine Methode vorgestellt, die einen Ansatz der modellgetriebenen Softwareentwicklung beschreibt, um schnell und zuverlässig NC-Kernerweiterungen am Beispiel der Regelung von Vorschubachsen zu entwickeln. &nbsp; Some control systems of machine tools provide the opportunity to access signals and data by NC-core extensions in real time. Typical for the development of NC-core extensions is an error-prone phase of programming. This article presents a method which uses an approach of model-based software development to quickly generate reliable NC-core extensions. The method is exemplified by position control on feed drives.

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Dong, Guishan, and Xuewen Mu. "A novel second-order cone programming support vector machine model for binary data classification." Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems 39, no. 3 (2020): 4505–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/jifs-200467.

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The support vector machine is a classification approach in machine learning. The second-order cone optimization formulation for the soft-margin support vector machine can ensure that the misclassification rate of data points do not exceed a given value. In this paper, a novel second-order cone programming formulation is proposed for the soft-margin support vector machine. The novel formulation uses the l2-norm and two margin variables associated with each class to maximize the margin. Two regularization parameters α and β are introduced to control the trade-off between the maximization of margin variables. Numerical results illustrate that the proposed second-order cone programming formulation for the soft-margin support vector machine has a better prediction performance and robustness than other second-order cone programming support vector machine models used in this article for comparision.

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Kuo, Cheng-Hsien, and Po-Cheng Chen. "On-Machine Measurement and Error Compensation for 6061 Aluminum Alloy Hexagonal Punch Using a Turn-Milling Machine." Machines 9, no. 9 (2021): 180. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/machines9090180.

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For machining parts with complex shapes, consisting of computer numerical control (CNC) machine tools, different CNC machine tools will be used according to the machining method. If the workpiece is removed for off-machine measurement after machining, when the size is incorrect, it will need to be returned to the CNC machine tool for secondary machining. In this case, the workpiece surface quality and machining accuracy will be affected, which is very time-consuming. On-machine measurement and complex machine center is a key to solve this problem. In the recent researches that the touch probe was integrated on three or five axis machine for error compensation and shape construction based on on-machine measurement, but turning-milling machine was rare. In addition, the most types of parts were thin-walled parts or thin web parts. In this study, a contact measurement system is integrated into a CNC combined turning-milling machine for on-machine measuring. Macro-programming is used to design the machining path of A6061-T6 aluminum alloy hexagonal punch, and the action of probe measurement is added to the machining path. As the measured data exceed the tolerance range, the calculated data are fed back to the controller for machining improvement by compensation. The finished hexagonal punch is measured in a 3D coordinate measuring machine and the error is compared. The experimental results show that the contact probe needs to be corrected before machining, and the size of the corrected workpiece can reach the tolerance range of ±0.01 mm. The size error of rough machining is larger than that of fined machining, and the size error of rough machining will increase with the length of the workpiece.

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Zhang, Cheng Rui, and Ri Liang Liu. "On CNC Machining and Part Program Preprocessing Based on STEP-NC." Materials Science Forum 471-472 (December 2004): 326–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.471-472.326.

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STEP-NC is a new CAM/CNC interface and an extension of STEP into numerical control machining. It has been partly formed into draft international standard (ISO 14649) and is expected to replace ISO 6983 in the near future. In the first section of this paper, the STEP-NC data model is analyzed and those parts that are relevant to NC milling process are abstracted. Then issues involved in NC part machining based on STEP-NC paradigm are discussed including NC programming and the machine control. Based on the analysis, a prototype system is outlined and partly developed with libraries and software tools in ST-Developer environment to interpret the part program into internal data format and to assist the shop floor level planning. Finally the user interface of this system is introduced.

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Koura, Omar Monir. "Focusing on the Extracted Data from STEP CAD Files for Prismatic Surfaces." International Journal of Engineering Research in Africa 31 (July 2017): 14–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/jera.31.14.

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A CAD/CAM system has become a dominant system in modern production techniques. In the attempts to facilitate the transfer of design data and geometry between the huge varieties of the International working CAD/CAM systems, the International Standard for the Exchange of Product coding system (STEP) is introduced (ISO Step AP-203). Extraction of the entities is the first step in the automated programming either for process planning, product classification or in programming for Numerical Control Machine Tools. This step is the aim of this paper in a line of several steps to build a complete CAD/CAM system for manufacturing of complicated products. A methodology is developed to extract each entity. Software has been built using Visual Studio C# - Version 2010. Interface is designed giving all the entities and showing the geometrical shape of the product. Different cases have been tested to verify the developed software and full successfulresults were obtained.

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ZHAO, GUOYONG, and YUGANG ZHAO. "MULTI-AXIS LINKED SERVO SYSTEM CONTOURING ERROR CONTROL APPROACH BASED ON NURBS CURVE INTERPOLATION." Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Systems 10, no. 01 (2011): 21–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021968671100193x.

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The contouring precision of computer numerical control (CNC) machine tools relates to whether the dynamic performances among all the axes match or not. In general, the cross-coupled controller (CCC) is a more efficient approach to enhance contouring precision than single-axis servo controller. Note that the contouring error CCC can not be separated from pathway programming in multi-axis linked servo system. In order to obtain satisfied contouring precision, the CCC approach connected with non-uniform rational basis spline (NURBS) curve interpolation is researched in detail in the paper. Above all, an "arc approximation algorithm" contouring error computing model is developed, according to the real cutter positions from each axis feedback and the interpolation dots stored in the interpolation buffer. Then the contouring error correction quantity PI control and distribution algorithm is put forward by introducing a zoom coefficient. The contrast experimental results on the CNC experiment table show that the developed CCC approach can reduce contouring error and improve tracking performance further.

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Xie, Tan Cheng, and X. Nan. "Research and Applications of Fuzzy-PID Control on NC Machine." Key Engineering Materials 392-394 (October 2008): 650–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.392-394.650.

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This dissertation mainly introduces Fuzzy-PID Control which are used in the PFPL (Pseudo-flexible Production Line). The servo system plays an important role in the NC machine. The performance of servo system decide the quality of NC machine in very great degree This dissertation research and develop a milling and paring manufacture unit of open CNC system -- Numerical control unit of PFPL. By using the GT-SV motion controller, put up the software and hardware platform of NC unit rapidly with module design method and the target -oriented programming idea .Take NC milling machine as the process platform, this dissertation use intellectual PID control method to improve the servo control of motion controller, through the pointing accuracy survey of the milling machine, confirmed the actual effect of Fuzzy-PID control.

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Rajput, Bhumika Singh, Anshul Gangele, and Satish Kumar Alaria. "Numerical Simulation and Assessment of Meta Heuristic Optimization Based Multi Objective Dynamic Job Shop Scheduling System." International Journal on Future Revolution in Computer Science & Communication Engineering 8, no. 3 (2022): 92–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/ijfrcsce.v8i3.2105.

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In today's world of manufacturing, cost reduction becomes one of the most important issues. A successful business needs to reduce its cost to be competitive. The programming of the machine is playing an important role in production planning and control as a tool to help manufacturers reduce their costs maximizing the use of their resources. The programming problem is not only limited to the programming of the machine, but also covers many other areas such such as computer and information technology and communication. From the definition, programming is an art that involves allocating, planning the allocation and utilization of resources to achieve a goal. The aim of the program is complete tasks in a reasonable amount of time. This reasonableness is a performance measure of how well the resources are allocated to tasks. Time or time-dependent functions are always it used as performance measures. The objectives of this research are to develop Intelligent Search Heuristic algorithms (ISHA) for equal and variable size sub lot for m machine flow shop problems, to Implement Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm (PSO) in matlab, to develop PSO based Optimization program for efficient job shop scheduling problem. The work also address solution to observe and verify results of PSO based Job Shop Scheduling with help of graft chart.

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Duan, Gui Jiang, Shuai Gao, and Zhang Dong Cui. "Research on Automatic Programming and Process Diagnosis in On-Machine Measurement." Applied Mechanics and Materials 789-790 (September 2015): 531–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.789-790.531.

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Automatic programming and process diagnosis are the essential function to drive the Numerical Control (NC) machine tool with probes to measure the products and evaluate the quality of process in every inspection procedure based on on-machine measurement (OMM), especially in the complex parts measuring, which can avoid the products unqualified and promote the efficiency of manufacture and inspection. In this paper, the method of automatic programming, the data exchange of measurement and the principle of process diagnosis are discussed. With a practical case based on FANUC, the effectiveness and efficiency of the method raised in this paper is validated.

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Liu, Ri Liang, and Hai Guang Zhu. "A STEP Compliant Framework for Cutting Force Prediction for NC Turning Operations." Advanced Materials Research 889-890 (February 2014): 1009–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.889-890.1009.

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With STEP-NC (ISO 14649) being gradually accepted as new standard for programming computerized numerical control (CNC) machine tools, new technologies and computer systems in the design and manufacturing process chain are emerging, and conventional systems are reshaping, to support interoperable and intelligent manufacturing. This paper addresses issues and solutions for the adaptation. In the first place, a strategy for adapting legacy CNC turning machine tools to the emerging standard is presented. In the second place, the new data model is analyzed and a practical way to retrieve and extract manufacturing information from the STEP-NC part program for turning process is presented. In the third place a workable approach to calculating the cutting force and chip load in turning operations is presented based on the mechanistic modeling method. Finally the proposed approach is implemented in a prototype system and tested with an example STEP-NC program for turning, which shows not only the feasibility of the proposed approach for information extraction and process evaluation, but also the possibility of using simple transitional systems to bridge the gap between the sophisticated STEP-NC part program and conventional CNC machines.

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Krok, Marek. "Manual programming of milling operations with variable orientation of tool axis in SINUMERIK 840D sl numerical control system." Mechanik 90, no. 5-6 (2017): 390–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.17814/mechanik.2017.5-6.56.

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Described is the way of programming milling operations with variable position of tool axis in relation to the machined surface as has been made possible due to capacities of numerical control system SINUMERIK 840D sl offered by Siemens. This article presents basic functions related to compensation of the kinematics of the machine tool and its practical effects. The methods how to program the orientation of a tool within the work space of the machine are described. Some examples are shown for better illustration of the presented issues.

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Wan, Jin Gui, Xi Ping Wang, Wei Ding, and Wei Li. "Study on Numerical Control Machining Technology of Toy Car Cover." Applied Mechanics and Materials 150 (January 2012): 235–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.150.235.

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Based on UG II CAD/CAM system, the CNC machining process and technology of a toy car cover is studied in this paper. It includes three-dimension (3D) modeling, machining programming, fixture design and manufacturing, process parameter setting, tool path planning and editing, NC code generation (post processing), simulation processing, and practical machining. The part is manufactured successfully in a 3-axis CNC milling machine. It has a desirable shape and high accuracy. The result shows that, with the powerful CAD/CAM capabilities of UG, the integrated design and manufacturing of complex curved surface shell part is easy to implement, the process is reasonable and efficient, and the NC program is reliable. This exmple fully reflects the advantages of UG CAD/CAM integration technology. The method and technology introduced in this paper can provide valuable reference for processing of similar parts.

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Yudachev, S. S., S. S. ,. Sitnikov, N. A. ,. Gordienko, and P. A. Monakhov. "Operation description and creating an analog VGA output on the debugging board when making programs for CNC machines." Glavnyj mekhanik (Chief Mechanic), no. 2 (January 18, 2022): 88–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/pro-2-2202-01.

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The priority task of the development of mechanical engineering is complex mechanization and automation of technological processes of mechanical processing. This problem can be solved by the introduction of machine tools and machine complexes with numerical control. CNC equipment combines the flexibility of universal and high performance of special automatic equipment, which significantly changes the nature of production and makes it mobile, meeting the requirements for continuous improvement and updating of mechanical engineering products. However, such equipment is quite complex, and its acquisition is associated with large financial costs, therefore, the problem of efficient use of CNC machines is a priority for most mechanical engineering enterprises and is inextricably linked with the need to create various programs. The article presents a theoretical analysis of the VGA interface, as well as a practical implementation of this interface, written in the Verilog programming language, on the Terasic DE10-Lite debugging board, with the MAX10 10M50DAF484C7G programmable logic integrated circuit and other peripheral modules. The practical significance of the work is familiarizing with programmable logic integrated circuits of the Intel FPGA family, obtaining basic knowledge in working with the Quartus Lite computer-aided design system (CAD), and learning the basics of programming programmable logic integrated circuits in the Verilog language. In the course of the work, the algorithm for writing code in the Verilog programming language for implementing the VGA interface on the DE10-Lite debugging board was described in detail. The software and mathematical excerpts used in the work are publicly available on the Internet, which allows anyone to carry out similar work and make sure that the written codes and the obtained conclusions are correct. This work can be used not only for writing programs for machine tools, but also for teaching students in the field of developing electronic devices in terms of their algorithmization and for organizing laboratory work, as well as for creating and designing real devices both in production and within a higher educational institution, for example, for developing laboratory work using specialized CAD. Familiarization and study of this programming language are conducted within the walls of one of the leading engineering universities of the Russian Federation, the Bauman Moscow State Technical University.

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Ding, Feng Qin, Yi Yu, and Zhi Yi Miao. "The Research of Linear Rotation-Axis Control Machining CNC Rotary Cam Surface Transformation." Applied Mechanics and Materials 163 (April 2012): 138–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.163.138.

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General CNC milling machine for special transformation in the middle and low numerical control system of internal control software does not change under the premise of achieving the original system does not have the linear movement and rotary movement of the operating linkage function. The numerical control system of linear movement into rotary movement of the operation, and expansion of two straight line linkage CNC system functions, cleverly converted to a straight line movement control of a rotary movement of the linkage, thereby achieving the surface of the cylinder rotating cam track surface CNC machining. CNC Milling through the difficult parts of the application examples to explain the design principles of transformation CNC milling machine, design approach,As well as the design parameters in the programming of data conversion. And data conversion processing errors resulting from the measures and the elimination of error analysis.

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Han, De Dong, Shi Jie Zhao, Hui Jiang, and Hong Ya Fu. "Secondary Development of Siemens CNC System for Large Grinding Machine." Applied Mechanics and Materials 341-342 (July 2013): 1058–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.341-342.1058.

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Form grinding is one of the most efficient processes for finish machining of gear wheels. This paper investigates the method of system development for wheel modification of involute cylindrical gear based on SINUMERIK 840D system and its OEM development package. The control software developed for form grinding is applied to dress form grinding wheel by using the numerical control dresser, and normal projection is adopted as the method to calculate the sectional shape of grinding wheel. The friendly interface of control software, edited by Visual Basic was developed to meet needs of users. Finally, personalized interface and processing methods are integrated and embedded in Siemens CNC system through Dynamic Link Library to implement parameterized automatic processing, which is more efficient in programming and machining.

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Rakic, Aleksandar, Sasa Zivanovic, Zoran Dimic, and Mladen Knezevic. "Digital twin control of multi-axis wood CNC machining center based on LinuxCNC." BioResources 16, no. 1 (2020): 1115–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.16.1.1115-1130.

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This paper presents an application of an open architecture control system implemented on a multi-axis wood computer numerical control milling machining center, as a digital twin control. The development of the digital twin control system was motivated by research and educational requirements, especially in the field of configuring a new control system by “virtual commissioning”, enabling the validation of the developed controls, program verification, and analysis of the machining process and monitoring. The considered wood computer numerical control (CNC) machining system is supported by an equivalent virtual machine in a computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) environment, as well as in the control system, as a digital twin. The configured virtual machines are used for the verification of the machining program and programming system via machining simulation, which is extremely important in multi-axis machining. Several test wood workpieces were machined to validate the effectiveness of the developed control system based on LinuxCNC.

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Chen, Feng, Liang Yao Gu, Yue Yang, and Chun Yang Jia. "Design and Realization of Helical Rotor NC Automatic Programming System." Advanced Materials Research 605-607 (December 2012): 1469–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.605-607.1469.

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Helical rotor is a core component of helical-lobe compressor. Analysis was made on the geometrical properties of tooth curves. Using standard spherical milling cutter on 4-axis NC machine, normal migration method was used to rotor surface processing. Based on the generation characteristics of helical rotor surface, object-oriented design method is used to achieve automatic programming system of helical rotor. The calculation of helical rotor end face profile lines and cutter location point are realized, and over cutting analysis is carried out to generate high efficient numerical control processing program.

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Hogan, Francois R., and Alberto Rodriguez. "Reactive planar non-prehensile manipulation with hybrid model predictive control." International Journal of Robotics Research 39, no. 7 (2020): 755–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0278364920913938.

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This article presents an offline solution and online approximation to the hybrid control problem of planar non-prehensile manipulation. Hybrid dynamics and underactuation are key characteristics of this task that complicate the design of feedback controllers. We show that a model predictive control approach used in tandem with integer programming offers a powerful solution to capture the dynamic constraints associated with the friction cone as well as the hybrid nature of contact. We introduce the Model Predictive Controller with Learned Mode Scheduling (MPC-LMS), which leverages integer programming and machine learning techniques to effectively deal with the combinatorial complexity associated with determining sequences of contact modes. We validate the controller design through a numerical simulation study and with experiments on a planar manipulation setup using an industrial ABB IRB 120 robotic arm. Results show that the proposed algorithm achieves closed-loop tracking of a nominal trajectory by reasoning in real-time across multiple contact modalities.

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Pai, Yun Suen, Hwa Jen Yap, and Ramesh Singh. "Implementation of a Voice-ControlSystem for Issuing Commands in a Virtual Manufacturing Simulation Process." Advanced Materials Research 980 (June 2014): 165–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.980.165.

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Speech recognition is a technology that attempts to involve audio cues during interaction with machines, instead of being limited to just visual and touch interfaces. However, a keyboard and mouse input is an archaic method of interaction, adding on to the fact that voice control is seemingly more natural. This study aims to implement speech recognition as a form of machine control to perform simple commands in a virtual simulation process. The simulation system is an in-house developed augmented reality robotic work cell which includes a robot arm, a conveyer belt, a computer numerical control (CNC) machine, and a pellet. Issuing commands are performed via the Windows Speech Recognition software built from the Microsoft Speech Application Programming Interface (SAPI). This software is advantageous because it can be fairly accurate once trained properly, is easily modifiable by anyone regardless of the operator’s programming knowledge, and is free. A macros tool is used to support the additional features of the recognition software which includes directly programmable Extensible Markup Language (XML) codes.

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Diveev, Askhat I., and Neder Jair Mendez Florez. "Synthesis of a mobile robot spatial stabilization system based on machine learning control by symbolic regression." RUDN Journal of Engineering Researches 22, no. 2 (2021): 129–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2312-8143-2021-22-2-129-138.

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The spatial stabilization system synthesis problem of the robot is considered. The historical overview of methods and approaches for solving the problem of control synthesis is given. It is shown that the control synthesis problem is the most important task in the field of control, for which there are no universal numerical methods for solving it. As one of the ways to solve this problem, it is proposed to use the method of machine learning based on the application of modern symbolic regression methods. This allows you to build universal algorithms for solving control synthesis problems. Several most promising symbolic regression methods are considered for application in control tasks. The formal statement of the control synthesis problem for its numerical solution is given. Examples of solving problems of synthesis of system of spatial stabilization of mobile robot by method of network operator and variation Cartesian genetic programming are given. The problem required finding one nonlinear feedback function to move the robot from thirty initial conditions to one terminal point. Mathematical records of the obtained control functions are given. Results of simulation of control systems obtained by symbolic regression methods are given.

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Lei, Xiao Bao, Feng Xie, and Ji Wen Zhao. "Design of a 5-Axis CNC Machine Tool Applied to Dental Restoration." Key Engineering Materials 568 (July 2013): 75–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.568.75.

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In this work, a 5-axis machine tool used for dental restorations is designed. In view of the fact that its special characteristics of the applications, the mechanical structure and main part of the machine tool have been designed and chosen with careful calculation. The machine tool is equipped with a high speed electro-spindle driven by computerized velocity and can rotate at a maximum speed of 60,000 rpm, which driving unite is equipped with servomotor and optical grating for its better motion precision control. Meanwhile, by using the motion controller card, the machine is controlled with a closed-loop numerical control system. Based on the theory of multi-body system, and through analyzing the matrix of the position transformation and the displacement transformation, a model for positioning errors is put forth for error compensation in programming way. The grinding programs enable exact copies of the object to be fabricated. The satisfactory results show this machine tool has excellent performances.

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Tang, Bo. "Analysis on the NC Milling Machining Precision and the Error." Advanced Materials Research 926-930 (May 2014): 1214–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.926-930.1214.

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the numerical control milling process design is on the basis of ordinary milling process design, combining with the characteristics of CNC milling machine, give full play to its advantages. CNC milling process design is the key to reasonable arrangement of process route, to coordinate the relationship between the CNC milling process and other process, determine the content and steps of NC milling process make the necessary preparations for programming. NC milling machining process analysis is related to the effectiveness and success or failure, is one of the important preparations before programming. This article will mainly for NC milling machining precision and machining error analysis and research.

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Widodo, Eko Muh. "EFFICIENCY MACHINING PROGRAM BY COMPARING NUMERICAL CODE CONTROL MADE FROM CATIA AND MASTERCAM." J@ti Undip : Jurnal Teknik Industri 12, no. 3 (2017): 155. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jati.12.3.155-160.

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Abstract AbstractTooling department is the department which is engaged in manufacturing of dies that is making a molding tool to create a component / pressed parts made in accordance with the desired design and processed on a press machine, dies ordered from the customer is the sole agent for the brand (car manufacturers). Manufacturing of dies including project work, one of the project, namely the project of manufacturing dies 640A dies drawing part number 53711/12. The project, which is now run already efficient, but to improve services to car manufacturers and to lower the cost of manufacturing the dies on the project it is necessary to compare the code in order to produce a numerical control machining program efficiency. The measures focused on the machining process because there are inefficiencies in the machining program code. Therefore, it will do the analysis of the technical terms in order to get an efficient machining program, so it can reduce the operational costs of the project 640A 53711/12 drawing process. Numerical control (NC) or machining of the program comes from Catia software and MASTERCAM. Numerical control resulting from more effective MASTERCAM machining program for the data that appears in accordance with the dies face (G01: data flat, G02 / G03: Data radius) and therefore contributes to machining machine age. The results of the analysis techniques that select programming from the machining MASTERCAM because it is more effective and calculate the percentage efficiency of the machining program MASTERCAM when compared with catia amounted to 49.36%.

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