Journal articles: 'Machines'

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Musiiko, Volodymyr, Andrii Koval, Igor Kyrychenko, and Serhii Kovalevskyi. "Influence of design parameters of the tracked propulsion system of special earthmoving ma-chines on ground pressure." Bulletin of Kharkov National Automobile and Highway University, no. 108 (May 16, 2025): 102. https://doi.org/10.30977/bul.2219-5548.2025.108.0.102.

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Abstract. Problem. The passability of continuous-operation tracked earthmoving machines on soils with low bearing capacity is determined by the maximum pressure exerted by their propulsion systems on the support surface. The pressure magnitude is influenced by the weight of the machine's base chassis and mounted equipment, the mounting equipment's attachment scheme to the base chassis, and the magnitude of external forces acting on the working equipment and the machine as a whole during soil excavation. The pressure exerted by the machine on the support surface determines the track parameters left after the machine passes, resistance to movement, maneuverability, passability, and controllability. When calculating the maximum pressure of machines on the ground, the specific structural features of the machines must be taken into account. Goal. This study aims to investigate and determine the average and maximum ground pressure of special continuous-operation earthmoving machines, considering the machine layout schemes, external working loads acting on them, and the physical and mechanical properties of the supporting soil surfaces. Methodology. The research methodology is theoretical and experimental. Results. As a result of the conducted research, theoretical dependencies have been obtained for calculating the average and maximum ground pressure of special tracked machines, taking into account their structural features and the external working loads acting on them. Originality. The scientific novelty lies in considering the impact of external forces acting on the working equipment and the machine as a whole when determining the maximum pressure of tracked propulsion systems of continuous-operation earthmoving machines on the ground. Practical value. Calculations of the support surface length of the tracks of earthmoving machines, depending on the influence of external forces and the coordinates of the machine's pressure center on the ground, allow for determining the necessity of installing additional support skis on the machine to ensure an acceptable ground pressure, thereby enhancing its passability. As a result of the conducted research, a method has been proposed to limit the pressure on the ground under the machine’s tracks and skis within a specified allowable range by adjusting the working pressure in the hydraulic cylinders of the excavation equipment's lifting and lowering system.

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Kurniawan, Andi. "EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON ROTOR BALANCING AND STRUCTURAL REPAIR METHOD TO OVERCOME UNBALANCE AND STRUCUTRAL LOOSENESS IN CENTER HUNG MACHINES." T R A K SI 24, no. 1 (June 11, 2024): 46. https://doi.org/10.26714/traksi.24.1.2024.46-60.

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Unbalance and structural looseness are problems in industrial machines that can amplify the machine's vibration level if they occur simultaneously. Experimental study was done by comparing rotor balancing and machine’s structural repair methods in dealing with unbalance and structural looseness problems. The investigated equipment in this study consists of rotor and disk which represent center hung machines in industries such as fans, blowers, pumps and others. A comparison was made between the rotor balancing and structural repairs under the same initial problem conditions and vibration levels. The result of this study indicate that structural repair reduced machine vibration at higher level compared to rotor balancing. Even when the specimens were subjected to unbalance problems again, the increase in machine vibration level, which was previously improved by structural repairmen is not excessively high.

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Macura, Wiktor K. "n-Skip Turing Machines." Complex Systems 15, no. 3 (September 15, 2005): 237–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.25088/complexsystems.15.3.237.

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A Turing Machine's head is limited to moving one cell in either direction on the tape for a given iteration. We investigate a form of Turing Machine where the head is allowed to move n cells in either direction. We find that such Turing Machines, named n-Skip Turing Machines, are capable of exhibiting complex behavior for simple initial conditions with two states and two colors.

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M. Brandao, Iago, and Cesar da Costa. "FAULT DIAGNOSIS OF ROTARY MACHINES USING MACHINE LEARNING." Eletrônica de Potência 27, no. 03 (September 22, 2022): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.18618/rep.2022.3.0013.

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Zhang, Yongdeng, María Lara-Tejero, Jörg Bewersdorf, and Jorge E. Galán. "Visualization and characterization of individual type III protein secretion machines in live bacteria." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 114, no. 23 (May 22, 2017): 6098–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1705823114.

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Type III protein secretion machines have evolved to deliver bacterially encoded effector proteins into eukaryotic cells. Although electron microscopy has provided a detailed view of these machines in isolation or fixed samples, little is known about their organization in live bacteria. Here we report the visualization and characterization of theSalmonellatype III secretion machine in live bacteria by 2D and 3D single-molecule switching superresolution microscopy. This approach provided access to transient components of this machine, which previously could not be analyzed. We determined the subcellular distribution of individual machines, the stoichiometry of the different components of this machine in situ, and the spatial distribution of the substrates of this machine before secretion. Furthermore, by visualizing this machine inSalmonellamutants we obtained major insights into the machine’s assembly. This study bridges a major resolution gap in the visualization of this nanomachine and may serve as a paradigm for the examination of other bacterially encoded molecular machines.

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Ikegami, Takashi, and Takashi Hashimoto. "Active Mutation in Self-Reproducing Networks of Machines and Tapes." Artificial Life 2, no. 3 (April 1995): 305–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/artl.1995.2.3.305.

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Self-reproduction via description is discussed in a network model of machines and description tapes. Tapes consist of bit strings, which encode the machines' function. A tape is replicated when it is read by adequate machines. Generally, a machine rewrites a tape without doing correct replication. The variation in a reproduced tape is taken as mutation. Because this mutation is caused by a machine's program, we call it active mutation. Which machine is translated from a given tape is dependent on what kind of a machine reads the tape. External noise is introduced in a machine's reading process to make errors. A new reaction pathway is induced by external noise via a machine's error action. We find that the induced pathways will be mimicked deterministically in an emerging core structure. This core structure will remain stable after turning off external noise. Low external noise develops a core structure of a minimal self-replicative loop. When external noise is elevated, a more complex network evolves. Machines containing a complex core network, which has been bred in high external noise, will actively rewrite tapes rather than just replicate them. Self-replication not as an individual but as a network now becomes important.

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Fischer, Peer. "A machine from machines." Nature Physics 14, no. 11 (July 23, 2018): 1072–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41567-018-0247-0.

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Caye, Pierre. "La machine des machines." Le Visiteur N° 27, no. 1 (March 1, 2022): 19–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/visit.027.0020.

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La ville est la grande affaire de notre temps. Depuis 2008, plus de la moitié de la population mondiale vit en ville. Et nous serons probablement près de 60 % en 2030. L’attraction démographique de la ville est renforcée par son dynamisme économique. Elle est devenue le lieu central de la production et de l’innovation, le cœur du système productif et de son organisation économique. La ville contemporaine apparaît d’abord comme un mégasystème technique, le système des systèmes, l’infrastructure qui rassemble à la fois les superstructures et les autres infrastructures ou, mieux encore, la machine des machines qui interconnecte les différents réseaux structurant la vie urbaine. Mais la machine des machines n’est pas un moyen de production comme un autre, du même ordre que les machines qu’elle coordonne. La ville donne un autre sens à la notion de machine, et c’est pourquoi elle est appelée à jouer un rôle fondamental dans la transformation productive, à partir du moment du moins où est prise en compte la spécificité de sa conception et de son intelligence.

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Usubamatov, R., and R. Bhuvenesh. "Method of Assessing the Number of Technicians in Service of Manufacturing System." Journal for Manufacturing Science and Production 15, no. 3 (September 15, 2015): 243–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jmsp-2015-0005.

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AbstractProductivity rate of manufacturing systems depends on technology, reliability of machinery, management, etc. The main attribute of machine’s reliability, which is availability plays important role for determination of the number of technicians that support the workability of the multi-stations the manufacturing system. The random downtimes of the productive machines have probabilistic nature. Failures of machines can coincide that lead to increasing downtimes and decreasing output of machinery. Practically, a technician conducts repairs of failures for one machine, but at the same time other failed machines can be in downtime until the failed machine in servicing. This situation leads to increase idle time of machines and hence a manufacturing system. How many machines should be in service by one technician is typical problem for industries. The proposed paper is represented the mathematical method with probabilistic approach for determining the number of technicians for servicing the manufacturing systems with minimum downtimes.

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Awah, Chukwuemeka Chijioke, and Ogbonnaya Inya Okoro. "Torque characteristics of double-stator permanent magnet synchronous machines." Archives of Electrical Engineering 66, no. 4 (December 20, 2017): 815–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/aee-2017-0062.

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Abstract The torque profile of a double-stator permanent magnet (PM) synchronous machine of 90 mm stator diameter having different rotor pole numbers as well as dual excitation is investigated in this paper. The analysis includes a comparative study of the machine’s torque and power-speed curves, static torque and inductance characteristics, losses and unbalanced magnetic force. The most promising flux-weakening potential is revealed in 13- and 7-rotor pole machines. Moreover, the machines having different rotor/stator (Nr/Ns) pole combinations of the form Nr = Ns ± 1 have balanced and symmetric static torque waveforms variation with the rotor position in contrast to the machines having Nr = Ns ± 2. Further, the inductance results of the analyzed machines reveal that the machines with odd rotor pole numbers have better fault-tolerant capability than their even rotor pole equivalents. A prototype of the developed double-stator machine having a 13-pole rotor is manufactured and tested for verification.

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Sabeti, Behnam, Hossein Abedi Firouzjaee, Reza Fahmi, Saeid Safavi, Wenwu Wang, and Mark D. Plumbley. "Credit Risk Rating Using State Machines and Machine Learning." International Journal of Trade, Economics and Finance 11, no. 6 (December 2020): 163–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.18178/ijtef.2020.11.6.683.

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Credit risk is the possibility of a loss resulting from a borrower’s failure to repay a loan or meet contractual obligations. With the growing number of customers and expansion of businesses, it’s not possible or at least feasible for banks to assess each customer individually in order to minimize this risk. Machine learning can leverage available user data to model a behavior and automatically estimate a credit score for each customer. In this research, we propose a novel approach based on state machines to model this problem into a classical supervised machine learning task. The proposed state machine is used to convert historical user data to a credit score which generates a data-set for training supervised models. We have explored several classification models in our experiments and illustrated the effectiveness of our modeling approach.

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Ji Chan, Yum. "Improvements to Linear and Nonlinear Models of Machine Key Components." Impact 2021, no. 1 (February 5, 2021): 15–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.21820/23987073.2021.1.15.

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Precision machinery has come a long way over the years. Factories that once relied on manpower now use machines, and this development has brought with it innumerable benefits including improvements to accuracy, repeatability, productivity and efficiency. Naturally, though, machines are imperfect in that precision of a batch of machines vary slightly. On top of that, machines experience wear and tear or even break-downs. These unpredictable events can be costly to manufacturers. This is why research to better understand factors that affect a machine's precision is important. This knowledge can be used to reduce the issues that occur with machine tools and thereby maximise the efficiency and quality of production. This is the goal of Dr Yum-Ji Chan, Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taiwan. His research on vibration engineering, structural dynamics and the dynamics of rotors is seeking to better understand machine tools and, in doing so, improve their performance. He believes more research is required to understand the behaviour of specific components in machine tools, and he is seeking to fill this gap in knowledge. This involves understanding the vibration phenomena that occur in components in machine tools and, to do so, Chan and his team are producing accurate dynamic behaviour in machine tool models. This will, in turn, enable researchers to develop virtual machine tools that can monitor the condition of machines.

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Chen, Yizhi, Guishu Zhao, Zhengliang Li, Zhe Chang, Shuye Ding, and Yuheng Zhou. "Electromagnetic Performance Analysis of Dual-Three-Phase Dual-Rotor Flux-Switching Permanent Magnet Machines." Energies 17, no. 9 (April 28, 2024): 2102. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en17092102.

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In this paper, a novel dual-three-phase dual-rotor flux-switching permanent magnet (PM) (DRFSPM) machine, building upon conventional FSPM machines, is proposed, where the stator is equipped with dual PMs and dual armature windings, enabling it to operate in various working modes and provide fault tolerance in the event of PM or armature winding faults. Depending on the magnetization directions of the PMs, the proposed DRFSPM machine’s structure can be categorized as 6N-DRFSPM or NS-DRFSPM. In order to assess the electromagnetic performance of the proposed DRFSPM machines with two different magnetizing modes, the topology and operating principle of the two DRFSPM machines are introduced first. Then, the no-load air-gap flux density of the two proposed machines is investigated for a more optimized and purposeful design. Finally, a comparison of the electromagnetic performance between the two proposed DRFSPM machines is conducted by finite-element analysis (FEA), and the FEA-predicted results indicate that the proposed 6N-DRFSPM machine outperforms the NS-DRFSPM machine, as it exhibits a larger back-EMF and average torque and a smaller cogging torque and torque ripple.

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Duffy, Brian R. "Fundamental Issues in Social Robotics." International Review of Information Ethics 6 (December 1, 2006): 31–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.29173/irie137.

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Man and machine are rife with fundamental differences. Formal research in artificial intelligence and robotics has for half a century aimed to cross this divide, whether from the perspective of understanding man by building models, or building machines which could be as intelligent and versatile as humans. Inevitably, our sources of inspiration come from what exists around us, but to what extent should a machine’s conception be sourced from such biological references as ourselves? Machines designed to be capable of explicit social interaction with people necessitates employing the human frame of reference to a certain extent. However, there is also a fear that once this man-machine boundary is crossed that machines will cause the extinction of mankind. The following paper briefly discusses a number of fundamental distinctions between humans and machines in the field of social robotics, and situating these issues with a view to understanding how to address them.

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Azwir, Hery Hamdi, and Thomas Christian. "Optimizing Rapid Granulator Machines Utilization Using Overall Equipment Effectiveness and Capacity Measurement in Injection Molding." Performa: Media Ilmiah Teknik Industri 20, no. 2 (November 14, 2021): 177. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/performa.20.2.53439.

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Low productivity can be affected by several conditions like machine downtime, operator performance, inefficient capacity planning, etc. The most effective way to find out the solution to this problem is to calculate machine utilization. The purpose of this research is to optimize Rapid Granulator machines in the injection molding area by using Day in the Life Of (DILO) observation, Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE), and capacity measurement. The research will analyze the suitable calculation metric to measure Rapid Granulator machines utilization by comparing machine capacity, planned run time, planned preventive maintenance, and the number of machines needed. In the last two years, the expected efficiency rate is always increasing up to 95% with the average of PT. MT Indonesia utilization rate of 85%. However, there are no standards or unified way to measure a machine’s utilization rate and due to the huge variety of machinery not all of them have the calculation metrics. Further observation shows that Rapid Granulator machines that located in the Injection Molding area of PT. MT Indonesia has never been calculated and the low utilization rate can be seen after a quick time study. A sample of 16 machines is measured with only 23% of utilization rate in one shift operation time. The result then shows that the improvement activities to reduce the number of machines from 105 to 24 will increase the utilization rate up to 87% with the OEE score increasing from 1.8% to 39%. Thus, PT. MT Indonesia can minimize cost as expected in the cost calculation and optimize Rapid Granulator machines usage.

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Levi, Federico. "A machine to help machines." Nature Physics 15, no. 12 (December 2019): 1210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41567-019-0753-8.

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Trott, David. "Deceiving Machines: Sabotaging Machine Learning." CHANCE 33, no. 2 (April 2, 2020): 20–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09332480.2020.1754067.

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Fan, Yi-Chih, and Jen-Yuan (James) Chang. "Embedded smart box for legacy machines to approach to I 4.0 in smart manufacturing." MATEC Web of Conferences 185 (2018): 00027. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201818500027.

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This paper introduces the design of a Linux-based embedded controller which includes machine state detection application for legacy machines and manufacturing line. For Industrie 4.0 (I4.0), it is important to acquire, manipulate, and transmit machine operating states or physical data to form useful information. However, many existing legacy machines lack of controller or sensor(s) to response to their operating status. Some machine controllers cannot be connected to provide internal parameter(s) by means of communication. Gathering machine operating state should be the first priority to approach to I4.0. This paper adopts widely used Raspberry PI as the core platform to build Embedded Smart Box (ESB). It uses external sensors to detect the machine operating status to compute the machine's availability (one of Overall Equipment Efficiency factors) and measures current to calculate the power consumption. In this research, the combination of embedded system and sensors can be a smart box for legacy machines. Such cost-effective design would help users to take the useful data from the machines and construct the base of I4.0 system even without the existence of the controller. This embedded-based design methodology has great potential implications that might fundamentally change the legacy factories into I4.0 smart one.

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Hendrickx, Kilian, Wannes Meert, Bram Cornelis, Konstantinos Gryllias, and Jesse Davis. "Similarity-based anomaly score for fleet-based condition monitoring." Annual Conference of the PHM Society 12, no. 1 (November 3, 2020): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.36001/phmconf.2020.v12i1.1178.

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An increased number of industrial assets are monitored during their daily use, producing large amounts of data. This data allows us to better monitor the health status of these asset, enabling predictive maintenance to reduce risks and costs caused by unexpected machine failure. Many condition monitoring approaches focus on assessing a machine's health status individually. Often, these approaches require historical data sets or handcrafted fault indicators. However, multiple industrial applications involve monitoring multiple similar operating machines, a fleet. By assuming the healthy behavior for the majority of the machine, deviating signatures can indicate a machine fault. In this work, we extend our previous proposed framework for fleet-based condition monitoring (Hendrickx et al.). This framework uses interpretable machine learning techniques to automatically evaluate assets within a fleet while incorporating domain knowledge if available. It is designed with four building blocks. In the first block, the user defines a similarity measure to compare machines. This measure can be both data-driven as based on domain knowledge. The second block clusters the machines based on this similarity measure. The third block assesses the health status of a machine by assigning an anomaly score where higher scores represent more deviating behavior. Finally, each of these blocks is visualized in the fourth block to guide a domain expert to set up and gain trust in the framework. The anomaly score proposed in our previous work has two shortcomings. First, its value can change very abruptly; a slight deviation can cause a machine's anomaly score to change from very low to very high. Second, the score does not accurately represent the anomalousness of a machine. A machine with the highest anomaly score is not necessarily the most deviating. Finally, the anomaly score is assigned to a group of machines. It is thus hard to assess the health status of an individual machine. As a consequence, this anomaly score offers little insights into a machine's performance. The contribution of this paper is a new implementation of the anomaly score block. Instead of basing our anomaly score on the clustering, we make use of the machine's similarities within the fleet. This solves the shortcomings of the previous anomaly score and defines an individualized, continuous scoring mechanism that represents the anomalousness of a machine.  Hendrickx, Kilian, et al. “A General Anomaly Detection Framework for Fleet-Based Condition Monitoring of Machines.” Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing, vol. 139, Elsevier Ltd, 2019, p. 106585, doi:10.1016/j.ymssp.2019.106585.

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STOKES, SUSAN C. "Perverse Accountability: A Formal Model of Machine Politics with Evidence from Argentina." American Political Science Review 99, no. 3 (August 2005): 315–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003055405051683.

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Political machines (or clientelist parties) mobilize electoral support by trading particularistic benefits to voters in exchange for their votes. But if the secret ballot hides voters' actions from the machine, voters are able to renege, accepting benefits and then voting as they choose. To explain how machine politics works, I observe that machines use their deep insertion into voters' social networks to try to circumvent the secret ballot and infer individuals' votes. When parties influence how people vote by threatening to punish them for voting for another party, I call thisaccountability. I analyze the strategic interaction between machines and voters as an iterated prisoners' dilemma game with one-sided uncertainty. The game generates hypotheses about the impact of the machine's capacity to monitor voters, and of voters' incomes and ideological stances, on the effectiveness of machine politics. I test these hypotheses with data from Argentina.

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Zhong, Wenbin, Wenhan Zeng, Guoyu Yu, and Xiangqian Jiang. "Development of an on-machine surface measurement system for an ultra-precision five-axis machine." MATEC Web of Conferences 401 (2024): 13007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202440113007.

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Ever-increasing demand for complex freeform surfaces machined by ultra-precision five-axis machines necessitates efficient on-machine surface measurement (OMSM) systems. While OMSM offers significant advantages in metrology efficiency and machining accuracy, integrating it with these machines presents a challenge due to complex data synchronization and processing. This paper addresses this challenge by proposing a dedicated controller for synchronized acquisition of sensor measurement data and machine coordinate data. Additionally, a straightforward sensor alignment method is presented. The effectiveness of the proposed OMSM system is demonstrated through successful 2D and 3D measurements, significantly streamlining the traditional time-consuming offline coordinate measuring machine (CMM) and optical profilometer measurements.

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Shan, Gen Li, Wen Xue Liu, and Hong Bo Chen. "The Optimization Design of New Type F-Nail Nailing Machine." Advanced Materials Research 311-313 (August 2011): 1564–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.311-313.1564.

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Welded structure is usually used in current nailing machines. When a nailing machine was used for a period of time, the base of the machine was deformed, so products produced with the machines become waste. The reason for these problems is that the design of window shape around the body column plate is unreasonable, so the plate often cracks. In addition, the hydraulic system in current nailing machines is unreasonable too, which makes production less efficient. Aiming the current problems of the nailing machine, finite element analysis software ANSYS is used to analysis and find the machine’s stress concentration areas. According to the analysis results, the shape and size of these areas are re-designed, which has the minimum area stress and deformation. The welded machine body is changed into a casted one, and the other modules are also re-build, all of which make the machine has longer service life. Through the process analysis, the hydraulic system is re-designed too, which improves the equipment productivity greatly.

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Coulardeau, Jacques. "Psycholinguistics of AI, Psycholinguistics versus Machine code." Signo 47, no. 88 (January 3, 2022): 27–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.17058/signo.v47i88.16945.

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Abstract: I will examine the background of the language phylogeny in emerging Homo Sapiens as a fast, bipedal, long-distance runner in Black Africa;, followed by language psychogenesis in children from their gestation twenty-fourth week onward. I will concentrate on the audio-visual machiness impact, Lacan’s mirror stage, AV machines, the discontinuity between real and virtual realities, the remote control and AI machines as smart speakers and smart homes. In addition, I will discuss the following questions: Is the Machine beyond human intelligence? Is the human individual beyond Homo Sapiens? Is the human community beyond social contract? My working hypotheses on education within phylogenetic psycholinguistics are built on the following topics: Tomorrow’s AI class (unit and room); guided self-learning and who is the guide; can transference and countertransference take place in AI-guided self-learning? Can a human subject develop such transference/countertransference with a machine? Can a machine “play the game”? In conclusion, I will debate “The utopian vision of an improved human being versus the dystopic vision of human beings and human communities totally enslaved to AI machines. Keywords: AI; linguistic phylogeny; guided self-learning; (counter)-transference; enslaved-to-machines

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Tehel, Robert, Thomas Päßler, and Markus Bergmann. "Effective FE models for simulating the elasto-mechanical characteristics of forming machines." International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology 106, no. 7-8 (January 6, 2020): 3505–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00170-019-04832-6.

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AbstractThe elasto-mechanical characteristic of forming machines is crucial for a variety of forming processes. Numerical simulations are to be performed to understand the complex interaction between process, forming tool, and machine. The machine’s elastic fingerprint depends on its design, accuracy of the components, and mounting conditions. Models only based on data of the machine design are limited. Therefore, effective FE models are to be developed to transfer the physical structure into a digital representation. The paper presents different methods of creating effective models for the characteristics of forming machines determined by measurements. Examples and potential of using these models are presented.

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Álvarez, Álvaro, Amaia Calleja, Mikel Arizmendi, Haizea González, and Luis Lopez de Lacalle. "Spiral Bevel Gears Face Roughness Prediction Produced by CNC End Milling Centers." Materials 11, no. 8 (July 27, 2018): 1301. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma11081301.

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The emergence of multitasking machines in the machine tool sector presents new opportunities for the machining of large size gears and short production series in these machines. However, the possibility of using standard tools in conventional machines for gears machining represents a technological challenge from the point of view of workpiece quality. Machining conditions in order to achieve both dimensional and surface quality requirements need to be determined. With these considerations in mind, computer numerical control (CNC) methods to provide useful tools for gear processing are studied. Thus, a model for the prediction of surface roughness obtained on the teeth surface of a machined spiral bevel gear in a multiprocess machine is presented. Machining strategies and optimal machining parameters were studied, and the roughness model is validated for 3 + 2 axes and 5 continuous axes machining strategies.

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Setiadi, Rizki, Wirawan Sumbodo, Wahyu Caesarendra, Deni Fajar Fitriyana, Kriswanto Kriswanto, and Aldias Bahatmaka. "Efficiency and Precision in Printing: Study of the Control System of a Rotogravure Machine." Journal of Advanced Research in Applied Mechanics 128, no. 1 (November 30, 2024): 11–23. https://doi.org/10.37934/aram.128.1.1123.

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Rotogravure printing is a well-liked and effective printing technique in the packaging sector of a printing cylinder. In making an automatic rotogravure machine, it is necessary to design an appropriate control system. In Indonesia, semi-automatic technology is still used to make rotogravure machines, and printing speeds are often slow. For automation machines, they are still imported. Apart from that, the machine's ability to adjust its precision is also limited. The purpose of this article is to examine the control system for a 6-cylinder automatic rotogravure machine, and discuss the rotogravure machine printing process, important aspects of rotogravure machine operation, differentiation in selecting motor types for torque and speed control, as well as advantages in efficiency and precision control over the environment. The method of using a literature review is qualitative-descriptive. The main findings on rotogravure machines include five main aspects: (1) ink flow management, (2) control of the drying system, (3) register control, (4) tension and speed control, and (5) fault detection, data logging, and analysis.

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Phimpisan, Phaireepinas, and Chatchapol Chungchoo. "A Best Practice Guideline for Inspecting Precision Machined Parts by Using Several Coordinate Measuring Machines (CMMs)." Applied Mechanics and Materials 894 (September 2019): 90–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.894.90.

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Currently in Thailand, original equipment manufacturers (OEM) who produce precision-machined parts face a serious problem about product rejection from customers. This is because measuring results from the OEM supplier differ from the measuring results from the OEM buyer. Normally, for precision-machined parts, OEM suppliers and OEM buyers use CMM machines as an inspection tool. One major cause of the difference in measurements is that suppliers and buyers use different CMM machine, operators and measuring methods. In order to mitigate the difference in measurements, the standard guideline for measuring precision-machined parts by CMM machines needs to be improved. In this research, the guideline was developed by studying the best practices of five successful companies, who could minimize rejection due to the differences in the CMM machine operators and measuring methods. Validation results indicated that when manufacturers who had precision problems used this guideline, the product rejection could decreased significantly.

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Kalt, Svenja, Jonathan Erhard, and Markus Lienkamp. "Electric Machine Design Tool for Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines and Induction Machines." Machines 8, no. 1 (March 24, 2020): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/machines8010015.

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The rising mobility demand of today’s society leads to an increasing strain of noise and pollutant emissions on people and the environment. An increasing environmental awareness and the scarcity of fossil fuels are increasingly placing alternative-powered vehicles in the focus of politics, research and development. Electric vehicles represent a promising solution to this problem. The electric machine represents a design control lever for the optimization of the electric powertrain with regard to efficiency, power, weight and size. Therefore, accurate and realistic machine design tools for the design of electric machines are becoming increasingly important. In this paper, the authors present an electric machine design tool for electric machines using MATLAB® in order to enable an automated machine design. The electric machine design tool is published under an LGPL open source license.

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Lemmink, Jacques. "‘Op proef doeltreffend gebleken, kunnen we spreken van een bereikt ideaal’." De Moderne Tijd 5, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 35–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/dmt2021.1.002.lemm.

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Abstract ‘Proved effective on trial, we can speak of an achieved ideal’ Abraham Kuyper and the mechanical voting machine, c. 1895-1905 During the latest presidential elections in the United States, unfounded conspiracy theories sprung up concerning alleged ballot box fraud by compromised voting machines. Although different voting machines had been used in the Netherlands since 1966, concerns over their reliability ended this in 2007. This article investigates the forgotten but ultimately failed attempt to introduce mechanical voting machines a century earlier. It focuses on the role played by prominent politician Abraham Kuyper, who personally visited the Standard Voting Machine Company in Rochester in 1898. The article illustrates how Kuyper’s transatlantic political and religious networks facilitated the voting machine’s transfer, rather than scientific connections. Paradoxically, the introduction of proportional representation in 1917 marked the end of tentative attempts to develop a Dutch version of the American mechanical voting machine. The implementation in the voting process turned out be too expensive, too early, and too complicated for the Dutch electoral system at the dawn of the twentieth century.

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Chiara, Maria Luisa Dalla, Roberto Giuntini, Giuseppe Sergioli, and Roberto Leporini. "Abstract quantum computing machines and quantum computational logics." International Journal of Quantum Information 14, no. 04 (June 2016): 1640019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219749916400190.

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Classical and quantum parallelism are deeply different, although it is sometimes claimed that quantum Turing machines are nothing but special examples of classical probabilistic machines. We introduce the concepts of deterministic state machine, classical probabilistic state machine and quantum state machine. On this basis, we discuss the question: To what extent can quantum state machines be simulated by classical probabilistic state machines? Each state machine is devoted to a single task determined by its program. Real computers, however, behave differently, being able to solve different kinds of problems. This capacity can be modeled, in the quantum case, by the mathematical notion of abstract quantum computing machine, whose different programs determine different quantum state machines. The computations of abstract quantum computing machines can be linguistically described by the formulas of a particular form of quantum logic, termed quantum computational logic.

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Podgornovs, Andrejs, and Anton Sipovics. "Electromechanical Battery, Electrical Machines Mass Functions Analysis." Scientific Journal of Riga Technical University. Power and Electrical Engineering 28, no. 1 (January 1, 2011): 53–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10144-011-0009-7.

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Electromechanical Battery, Electrical Machines Mass Functions AnalysisIn this paper different types of electrical machines in electromechanical battery, were described. The most known manufactured battery data is composed. Three types of machines: synchronous machine with salient poles and electromagnetic excitation, with permanent magnets on rotor and reluctance synchronous machine were analyzed. For all types of machines, mass is function of general geometrical size of magnetic system and machines electrical power.

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Metri, Prabhakar. "Fault Diagnosis of Rotary Machine Using FFT (Fast Fourier Transformation) and Orbital Analyzer." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. VII (July 31, 2021): 2673–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.36933.

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In different industries we use different machines and most of the machines are rotary machines. The small fault in machine cause vibrations in machines. These vibrations may cause effect on machine or product produced by machine. So, it is important to study these faults present in the machines. In this paper we are going to discuss fault detection techniques. We are discussing two technique FFT (Fast Fourier Transformation) and Orbital Analysis. In FFT we are getting graphs with respect to frequencies and according to peak frequencies we predict fault while in Orbital Analysis we are getting different orbital shape graph and according to shape we predict fault in machine.

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Darma, Darma, Reniana Reniana, and Arbianto Arif Moh. "UJI LAPANG MESIN PENGOLAHAN SAGU PRODUKSI BENGKEL PERMESINAN AGROINDUSTRI UNIVERSITAS PAPUA." Jurnal Teknik Pertanian Lampung (Journal of Agricultural Engineering) 9, no. 3 (September 30, 2020): 191. http://dx.doi.org/10.23960/jtep-l.v9i3.191-200.

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Papua and West Papua Province have the large potential of sago palm (Metroxylon sagu), however, until now the production and utilization is very low compared with its potential. This is because of most farmers in this area still use traditional method in processing sago. The traditional method is labour intensive and time consuming process. Sago farmers in this area still apply traditional ways to process sago starch due to the lack of processing machines. The objective of this research was to conduct field testing of sago processing machine produced by Agroindustry Machinery Workshop of Papua University. The machines that have been tested consist of cylinder type sago rasping machine and stirrer rotary blade sago starch extraction machine. The machine’s performance under field condition was evaluated by measuring parameters (a) rasping capacity, (b) extraction capacity, (c) starch percentage, (d) starch yield and (e) starch loss in waste. Results showed that all parts of the machine are functioning properly and farmers can easily operate the machine. The performances of the machines under field condition were (a) rasping capacity 1,159. 8 kg/hour, (b) extraction capacity 243.8 kg/hour, (c) starch percentage 38.26 %, (d) starch yield 93 kg/hour and (e) starch loss in waste 1.03 %. Keywords: cylinder type, field test, rasping machine, sago processing, starch percentage

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Fuadiya, Sinta Luluk, and Endang Pudji Widjajati. "Analysis of sag mill machine performance using overall equipment effectiveness and failure model and effects analysis method." International Journal of Industrial Optimization 3, no. 2 (December 30, 2022): 141–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.12928/ijio.v3i2.6701.

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The mining company uses a variety of grinding machines to process minerals, whereas the most common type of machine is the Semi-Autogenous Grinding SAG Mill machine. This machine is employed for the mining process of hard rock as raw material into gold, copper, and silver. However, the SAG Mill machines are often broken, even suddenly not working, with an average loss time of 97.30 hours which impacts a decrease in efficiency and production quality of up to 40%. It can cause losses that do not reach the production target. This research aims to measure the effectiveness of the SAG Mill machine and determine the failure using the OEE and FMEA methods. The results showed that the SAG Mill machine is still under standardized based on the Japan Institute of Plant Maintenance (JIPM), which is 85%. The FMEA method and RPN value apply to analyze downtime losses, and idling is the loss that highly affects the effectiveness of SAG Mill machines. Recommendations for the company are to increase the number of equipment that aims to prolong the machine's age and accelerate production. This research contributes to another solution to help maintenance managers by measuring the effectiveness and determining the failure of the SAG Mill machine

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Saba Mohammed Iqbal Gour. "Understanding machine learning and its applications." World Journal of Advanced Engineering Technology and Sciences 14, no. 3 (March 30, 2025): 254–58. https://doi.org/10.30574/wjaets.2025.14.3.0122.

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Machine learning (ML) can be described as a machine’s ability to learn. Let us take an example of the assembly line in a car manufacturing plant. We utilize robotics and very specific instructions are given to the robots to carry out mechanical functions. The robots are machines on an assembly line and instructions are given through embedded programming. This is a kind of artificial intelligence but with very strict use cases. If machines on an assembly line where following an algorithm that gave them the freedom to change or improve their operations by themselves, then that would become an example of machine learning. Because the machines have self-learning capabilities to enhance their style of working. Thus, machine learning is a powerful concept and is driven by different algorithms. We need to carefully evaluate our business needs to understand if ML would be a good fit as ML has specific use cases and in a lot of other scenarios traditional rule-based programming would be sufficient. In this paper, we will explore the different types of machine learning algorithms and how they can be effectively applied to solve problems which could not be solved with existing software engineering approaches.

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Balanescu, Tudor, Anthony Cowling, Horia Georgescu, Marian Gheorghe, Mike Holcombe, and Cristina Vertan. "Communicating Stream X-Machines Systems are no more than X-Machines." JUCS - Journal of Universal Computer Science 5, no. (9) (September 28, 1999): 494–507. https://doi.org/10.3217/jucs-005-09-0494.

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A version of the communicating stream X-machine model is proposed, which gives a precise representation of the operation of transferring data from one X-machine to another. For this model it is shown that systems of communicating X-machines have the same computational power as single stream X-machines. This enable existing methods for deriving test strategies for stream X-machines to be extended to communicating stream X-machines.

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Ryzhko, Nikolay, Sergey Ryzhko, and Sergey Khorin. "ENERGY SAVING WITH MULTI-SUPPORT IRRIGATION SPRINKLING MACHINES." Melioration and Water Management 2021, no. 6 (March 9, 2022): 25–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.32962/0235-2524-2021-6-25-30.

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The relevance of the research is caused by the need to reduce energy losses during irrigation and improve the quality of irrigation of the «Fregat» sprinkling machines. The article describes a low-pressure sprinkling machine «Fregat» with an additional polyethylene pipeline and a filter that provides fine cleaning of water from debris and feed to the hydraulic drives of the sprinkling machine’s carts. The formulas are given and the sequence for calculating the di-ameter of the additional polyethylene pipeline and the pressure at the inlet to the machine, de-pending on its modification, is shown. When using an additional polyethylene pipeline with a diameter of 63 mm and the cyclicity of the hydraulic cylinder of the last cart equal to 4 strokes/min, the pressure at the inlet of machines of various modifications decreases from 0.53-0.7 MPa to 0.37-0.45 MPa or 1.3-1.5 times. For such machines, in order to increase the movement speed by 2-4 times, the hydraulic cylinders are fed with water from an additional polyethylene pipeline only in the second half of the length of the machine pipeline. Researches have confirmed the high efficiency of modificating the «Fregat» sprinkling machine to a low-pressure operating mode, which leads to optimization of the pumping station operation, also increases the number of simultaneously operating machines, decreases the time of irrigation of an irrigated area and a decreases an electricity consumption for irrigation.

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Walker, Yolanda. "Machine Functionalism: Brains as Computing Machines." International Journal of Undergraduate Research and Creative Activities 4, no. 1 (June 19, 2013): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.7710/2155-4838.1073.

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Magné, Bernard. "Machines à écrire, machine à lire." Études françaises 36, no. 2 (February 11, 2008): 119–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/005258ar.

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Résumé Cet article décrit la structure et le fonctionnement du CD-ROM Machines à écrire, réalisé par Antoine Denize et Bernard Magné. Mettant en scène (en écran) deux textes combinatoires de Raymond Queneau (« Un conte à votre façon », « Cent mille milliards de poèmes ») et un de Georges Perec (« Deux cent quarante-trois cartes postales ») et permettant l'exploration de la littérature combinatoire des grands rhétoriqueurs à nos jours, Machines à écrire offre à la fois un nouveau mode d'approche des textes et l'occasion de réhabiliter une littérature trop souvent ignorée ou méprisée.

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Naeini, Ehsan Zabihi, and Kenton Prindle. "Machine learning and learning from machines." Leading Edge 37, no. 12 (December 2018): 886–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/tle37120886.1.

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Hwang, H. C., and S. Y. Chang. "Parallel machines scheduling with machine shutdowns." Computers & Mathematics with Applications 36, no. 3 (August 1998): 21–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0898-1221(98)00126-6.

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Jiang, Yiwei, Zhiyi Tan, and Yong He. "Preemptive Machine Covering on Parallel Machines." Journal of Combinatorial Optimization 10, no. 4 (December 2005): 345–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10878-005-4923-5.

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Athar, Ali, Md Ariful Islam Mozumder, Abdullah, Sikandar Ali, and Hee-Cheol Kim. "Deep learning-based anomaly detection using one-dimensional convolutional neural networks (1D CNN) in machine centers (MCT) and computer numerical control (CNC) machines." PeerJ Computer Science 10 (October 17, 2024): e2389. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.2389.

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Computer numerical control (CNC) and machine center (MCT) machines are mechanical devices that manipulate different tools using computer programming as inputs. Predicting failures in CNC and MCT machines before their actual failure time is crucial to reduce maintenance costs and increase productivity. This study is centered around a novel deep learning-based model using a 1D convolutional neural network (CNN) for early fault detection in MCT machines. We collected sensor-based data from CNC/MCT machines and applied various preprocessing techniques to prepare the dataset. Our experimental results demonstrate that the 1D-CNN model achieves a higher accuracy of 91.57% compared to traditional machine learning classifiers and other deep learning models, including Random Forest (RF) at 89.71%, multi-layer perceptron (MLP) at 87.45%, XGBoost at 89.67%, logistic regression (LR) at 75.93%, support vector machine (SVM) at 75.96%, K-nearest neighbors (KNN) at 82.93%, decision tree at 88.36%, naïve Bayes at 68.31%, long short-term memory (LSTM) at 90.80%, and a hybrid 1D CNN + LSTM model at 88.51%. Moreover, our proposed 1D CNN model outperformed all other mentioned models in precision, recall, and F-1 scores, with 91.87%, 91.57%, and 91.63%, respectively. These findings highlight the efficacy of the 1D CNN model in providing optimal performance with an MCT machine’s dataset, making it particularly suitable for small manufacturing companies seeking to automate early fault detection and classification in CNC and MCT machines. This approach enhances productivity and aids in proactive maintenance and safety measures, demonstrating its potential to revolutionize the manufacturing industry.

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S, Usanto. "Design of Error Code Guide System on Wincor Nixdorf ATM Machine for CMD Controller Part Based on Mobile Application." Journal of Computer Science and Technology Studies 5, no. 3 (August 28, 2023): 45–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.32996/jcsts.2023.5.3.5.

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The machines must have an identity to categorize these machines that are starting to circulate in the Indonesian market. The identity of these machines is determined by the Serial Number (SN) on the machine. For machines manufactured in 2015, the machine has the identity of "Mesin dengan SN 56DW5." Moving on to 2016, the machine's identity changed to "SN 56HG6," while the machine type remained the same, which is Procash 280. Given the various types of Procash 280 machines, engineers sometimes struggle to decipher the codes on Wincor Nixdorf ATM machines. The method employed by the author in analyzing the SSI Net system involves data collection through literature review and field studies, alongside Software System Development using the Waterfall Method. The author conducted a feasibility test, which included a Technology Feasibility Test for the error code application. The necessary facilities for creating the Error Code Application were available, such as a Toshiba Satellite C-40 Laptop with Windows 10 Pro, Intel Core ™) i3-3110 M CPU @ 2.40 GHz Processor, 4.00 GB RAM, and a 64-bit Operating System. The Operational Feasibility is evident in engineers being able to install the application whenever and wherever using the provided APK. Additionally, the application's instructions are in Indonesian to accommodate new engineers joining the company. The designed system consists of two components: the Master Data Error Code and the output produced. The Master Data Error Code employs a two-digit number to provide results within this application, both for CMD Error Codes and Screen Error Codes. The application's output features two displays: one in English and the other in Indonesian. The author suggests adding additional menu options to the application to further assist users in finding solutions.

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Lyeo, Min-Gu, Kyu-Yun Hwang, and Sung-Hyun Lee. "Design of Dual Winding Flux Modulation Machine for Performance Improvement in Variable Speed Application." Machines 12, no. 8 (August 6, 2024): 535. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/machines12080535.

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In this paper, a Dual Winding Flux Modulation Machine (DWFMM) is proposed for variable speed application. The DWFMM is configured by adding windings to the Single Winding Flux Modulation Machine (SWFMM), consisting of a master winding that drives the motor and a slave winding that enables pole changing and performance enhancement. Through pole changing, the DWFMM can operate as two different machines: a Vernier Machine (VM) for varying speeds and torque operations and a Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine (PMSM). In the VM mode, flux enhancement is applied to improve torque, and in the PMSM mode, Flux Weakening is applied to increase speed. The characteristics of the two different operating modes were analyzed using the Finite Element Method (FEM) to validate the machine’s performance. Finally, the DWFMM and SWFMM were designed and compared as variable speed application machines to confirm their suitability and superiority.

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Oleksiak, Beata, Barbara Ciecińska, Piotr Ołów, and Małgorzata Hordyńska. "Analysis of the Possibility of Introducing the Reduction of Changeover Time of Selected CNC Machines Using the SMED Method." Production Engineering Archives 29, no. 1 (February 15, 2023): 83–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.30657/pea.2023.29.10.

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Abstract The paper presents the results of improving the production process using the SMED method. The process improvement was carried out in a company in the construction industry, using a machine park consisting of CNC machines. The study evaluated the current state of changeover times for selected CNC machines and proposed a reduction in changeover times for the machine park analysed. By introducing changes to the changeover process on selected CNC machines, it was possible to minimise the changeover time by more than 20% on all the machines analysed. The proposed reorganisation of the CNC operators’ workstations resulted in a time reduction of approximately 61% for machine 1, 52% for machine 2 and 12% for machine 3. The installation of barcode readers on the profiles, on the other hand, made it possible to load the machining programmes into the CNC machines more quickly and resulted in a reduction in loading time of approximately 88% on average for each of the machines analysed.

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Lantara, Dirgahayu. "ANALISIS EFEKTIVITAS MESIN DENGAN METODE OVERALL EQUIPMENT EFFECTIVENESS DI PT. SINAR GOWA INDUSTRI." Journal of Industrial Engineering Management 4, no. 2 (October 28, 2019): 63–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.33536/jiem.v4i2.456.

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PT Sinar Gowa Industri is a company established in 2005, engaged in the food industry (noodles). The cessation of a production process is often caused by a problem in the production machine, for example, the engine stops suddenly, decreases the speed of production, the length of time setup and adjustments, the machine produces a defective product. TPM develops from a traditional maintenance system that involves all departments and all people to participate in and develop responsibilities in the maintenance of machinery / equipment. Steps to prevent or overcome the problem in business. Increasing production efficiency is done by using the Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE) method as a tool used to measure and determine the performance of machines / equipment. The results and analysis carried out by the OEE method on machines at PT. Sinar Gowa Industries studied were mixing machines, pressing machines, sitting machines, and steaming machines. It was concluded that the most effective and efficient machine in the production process was mixing machines and pressing machines, because it had an overall equity effectiveness value of 83.8 percent followed by a sitting machine that had a value of 53.29 percent and the last was seating machines with a value of 54, 89 percent.

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Anggraini, Meilani, Ahmad Sidiq, and Intan Hartiwi. "Analisis Perhitungan Efektivitas Mesin Mobile Crusher Menggunakan Metode Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE) Di PT. X." Industrika : Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Industri 9, no. 1 (January 15, 2025): 254–62. https://doi.org/10.37090/indstrk.v9i1.1611.

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PT. X is a manufacturing company that produces cram rubber. One of the production processes that need attention is the milling process on mobile crusher machines. Machine is the highest support in the activities of a company, if the machine used in the production process is damaged it will cause a cessation of the production process. To maintain the condition of the machine, a good and appropriate care and maintenance system is needed so as to increase the effectiveness of the machine/equipment. The aim of this study is to analyze OEE calculations and identify factors that occur in mobile crusher machines based on the Six Big Losses at PT. X. OEE is a method that measures the level of effectiveness in the use of a machine by taking into account several points of view in the measurement process. The results of the study, it show the average of OEE value for mobile crusher machine during the June 2021 – July 2022 is 82,021% which shows that the machine’s ability to achieve targets and achieve effective use of machines is in the medium category, so improvements are needed to increase the OEE value to reach ideal conditions (≥85%). Meanwhile, the dominant type of waste is reduced speed losses. Keywords: Mobile Crusher Machine, Overall Equipment Effectiveness, Six Big Losses

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Giustolisi, Orazio. "Using a multi-objective genetic algorithm for SVM construction." Journal of Hydroinformatics 8, no. 2 (March 1, 2006): 125–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/hydro.2006.016b.

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Support Vector Machines are kernel machines useful for classification and regression problems. In this paper, they are used for non-linear regression of environmental data. From a structural point of view, Support Vector Machines are particular Artificial Neural Networks and their training paradigm has some positive implications. In fact, the original training approach is useful to overcome the curse of dimensionality and too strict assumptions on statistics of the errors in data. Support Vector Machines and Radial Basis Function Regularised Networks are presented within a common structural framework for non-linear regression in order to emphasise the training strategy for support vector machines and to better explain the multi-objective approach in support vector machines' construction. A support vector machine's performance depends on the kernel parameter, input selection and ε-tube optimal dimension. These will be used as decision variables for the evolutionary strategy based on a Genetic Algorithm, which exhibits the number of support vectors, for the capacity of machine, and the fitness to a validation subset, for the model accuracy in mapping the underlying physical phenomena, as objective functions. The strategy is tested on a case study dealing with groundwater modelling, based on time series (past measured rainfalls and levels) for level predictions at variable time horizons.

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Zitnick, C. Lawrence, Aishwarya Agrawal, Stanislaw Antol, Margaret Mitchell, Dhruv Batra, and Devi Parikh. "Measuring Machine Intelligence Through Visual Question Answering." AI Magazine 37, no. 1 (April 13, 2016): 63–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aimag.v37i1.2647.

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As machines have become more intelligent, there has been a renewed interest in methods for measuring their intelligence. A common approach is to propose tasks for which a human excels, but one which machines find difficult. However, an ideal task should also be easy to evaluate and not be easily gameable. We begin with a case study exploring the recently popular task of image captioning and its limitations as a task for measuring machine intelligence. An alternative and more promising task is Visual Question Answering that tests a machine’s ability to reason about language and vision. We describe a dataset unprecedented in size created for the task that contains over 760,000 human generated questions about images. Using around 10 million human generated answers, machines may be easily evaluated.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Machines'

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