Academic literature on the topic 'Machining - Processes'

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Journal articles on the topic "Machining - Processes"

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MATSUMURA, Takashi, Motohiro SHIMADA, and Kazunari TERAMOTO. "Analysis of Cutting Processes on Machining Centers(Analytical advancement of machining process)." Proceedings of International Conference on Leading Edge Manufacturing in 21st century : LEM21 2005.3 (2005): 1093–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmelem.2005.3.1093.

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Crookall, J. R. "Nontraditional Machining Processes." Precision Engineering 7, no. 1 (1985): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0141-6359(85)90073-x.

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Ulsoy, A. Galip, and Y. Koren. "Control of Machining Processes." Journal of Dynamic Systems, Measurement, and Control 115, no. 2B (1993): 301–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2899070.

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This paper reviews the important recent research contributions for control of machining processes (e.g., turning, milling, drilling, and grinding). The major research accomplishments are reviewed from the perspective of a hierarchical control system structure which considers servo, process, and supervisory control levels. The use and benefits of advanced control methods (e.g., optimal control, adaptive control) are highlighted and illustrated with examples from research work conducted by the authors. Also included are observations on how significant the research to date has been in terms of industrial impact, and speculations on how this research area will develop in the coming decade.
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Grzesik, Wit. "Media-assisted machining processes." Mechanik 91, no. 12 (2018): 1050–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.17814/mechanik.2018.12.186.

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A special group of hybrid assisted processes termed media-assisted processes which various liquid and gaseous media supplied to the cutting zone is highlighted. Special attention is paid on such cooling techniques as high-pressure machining (HPC), high-pressure jet assisted machining (HPJAM), minimum quantity cooling/lubrication (MQC/MQL) and a group of cryogenically cooled machining including such cryogenic media as CO2 snow and liquid nitrogen (LN2). Some important effects resulting from the various cooling strategies are outlined and compared. In particular, quantitative effects concerning chip breaking, thermal and tribological behavior of the cutting process as well as burr reduction, surface quality and subsurface layer are presented. The optimization procedure concerning both energy consumption and machining costs in terms of material removal rate (MRR) is presented.
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Inasaki, Ichiro. "Towards symbiotic machining processes." International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing 13, no. 7 (2012): 1053–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12541-012-0137-9.

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Shvartsburg, L. E., N. A. Ivanova, S. A. Ryabov, et al. "Safety of Machining Processes." Russian Engineering Research 40, no. 12 (2020): 1055–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.3103/s1068798x20120175.

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Qin, Yongtao, Liping Zhao, Yiyong Yao, and Damin Xu. "Multistage machining processes variation propagation analysis based on machining processes weighted network performance." International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology 55, no. 5-8 (2010): 487–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00170-010-3113-5.

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Dondi, Valerio. "Acoustic sensor for monitoring machining processes in machining tools." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 122, no. 5 (2007): 2502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.2801788.

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Shrivastava, Pankaj K., and Avanish K. Dubey. "Electrical discharge machining–based hybrid machining processes: A review." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part B: Journal of Engineering Manufacture 228, no. 6 (2013): 799–825. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954405413508939.

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Childs, T. H. C. "Materials Issues in machining and physics and machining processes." Materials & Design 15, no. 1 (1994): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0261-3069(94)90062-0.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Machining - Processes"

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McLeay, T. E. "Unsupervised monitoring of machining processes." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2016. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/16556/.

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Machining processes, such as milling, drilling, turning and grinding, concern the removal of material from a workpiece using a cutting tool. These processes are sensitive to parameters such as cutting tool properties, workpiece materials, coolant application, machine selection, fixturing and cutting parameters. The focus of the work in this thesis is to devise a method to monitor the changing conditions of a machining process over time in order to detect faulty machining conditions and diagnose fault types and causes. A key aim of this thesis is to develop a monitoring regime that has minimal cost of implementation and upkeep in a production environment, therefore an unsupervised monitoring system which applies non-intrusive sensing hardware is proposed.
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Sharma, Chetan M. Eng Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "Automatic modeling of machining processes." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2021. https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/130833.

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Thesis: M. Eng., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, February, 2021<br>Cataloged from the official PDF of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (pages 47-48).<br>3 axis CNC milling is a ubiquitous manufacturing method in industry due to its versatility and precision. The fundamental parameters that dictate cutting performance ("speeds, feeds, and engagement") must be manually set by the machine programmer; proper operation therefore relies heavily on operator skill. In this thesis, an intelligent CNC controller is presented that uses low-cost sensors to fit an analytical model of cutting forces. The analytical nature of this model allows for favorable convergence characteristics and low computational costs. This is used to optimize cutting feeds with respect to process constraints for future movements; as more data is collected, the model continuously reinforced. This intelligent controller therefore abstracts out some of the complexities of machining and makes the process more approachable.<br>by Chetan Sharma.<br>M. Eng.<br>M.Eng. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science
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Su, Jiann-Cherng. "Residual stress modeling in machining processes." Diss., Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/14030.

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Thesis (Ph.D)--Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2007.<br>Committee Chair: Liang, Steven Y.; Committee Member: Garmestani, Hamid; Committee Member: Huang, Yong; Committee Member: Melkote, Shreyes N.; Committee Member: Neu, Richard W. Part of the SMARTech Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Collection.
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Hameed, Saqib. "Electroplastic cutting influence in machining processes." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/460768.

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The thesis presented is performed with the aim of studying the effect of electropulses (EPs) in machining processes such as drilling and round turning processes for different materials. When the EPs of short duration are applied to metals undergoing plastic deformation, the deformation resistance decreases and plasticity increases at the same time. The influence of EPs on the plastic flow is called electroplastic effect. Chip formation during machining is greatly influenced by cutting speed, feed rates and tool geometry. Selecting properly these parameters for a particular machining operation is very important to achieve high machining efficiency. It was found that EPs assisted cutting processes improve the machinability of materials based on the electroplastic effect. The influence of EPs in drilling process is studied by combining different feed rates, drill diameters and current densities in aluminium 7075 and steel 1045. Similarly, the effect of electropulsing has been observed for aluminium 6060 and steel S235 during turning process. The correlation between chip compression ratio , shear plane angle f , cutting speed, feed rates and current densities have been studied in EPs assisted processes. It has been observed that lower feed rates and subsequently, high current densities reduce the shear angle f and increase the chip compression ratio during drilling process. The specific cutting energy (SCE) is reduced upto 27% in aluminium 7075 and 17% in steel 1045 when drilling is assisted with EPs. However, the chip compression ratio decreases and shear plane angle f increases with the increase in cutting speed during turning of steel S235. In contrast, chip compression ratio increases and shear plane angle decreases with the increase in cutting speed while turning of aluminium 6060. The current density decreases with the increase in feed rates and increases with the increase in cutting speed in steel S235. However, current density has high values at higher feed rates and it decreases with the increase in cutting speed during turning of aluminium 6060. The SCE decreased with the increase in feed rates and depth of cut during electrically assisted turning of steel S235. But for aluminium 6060, the SCE increased whenthe cutting speed is increased. The results elaborated that electrically assisted drilling process improves the material machinability by decreasing SCE in aluminium 7075 and steel 1045. The electrically assisted turning process seems to have influence in improving the machinability of steel S235 but for aluminium 6060, the plastic deformation tends to be increased by increasing the SCE during EPs assisted turning process.<br>La tesis presentada tiene como objetivo estudiar el efecto insitu de aplicar pulsos de corriente (EPs) a dos proceso de arranque de viruta, taladrado con taladro de pedestal y cilindrado en torno, todo ello aplicado a diferentes materiales. Cuando los EPs de corta duración se aplican a metales sometidos a deformación plástica, la resistencia a la deformación disminuye y la plasticidad aumenta al mismo tiempo. La influencia de los EPs en el flujo plástico se llama efecto electroplástico. La formación de virutas durante el mecanizado está muy influenciada por la velocidad de corte, las velocidades de alimentación y la geometría de la herramienta. La selección apropiada de estos parámetros para una operación de mecanizado particular es muy importante para lograr alta eficiencia de mecanizado. Se encontró que los procesos de corte asistido por EPs mejoran la maquinabilidad de materiales basado en el efecto electroplástico. La influencia de los EPs en el proceso de taladrado se estudia combinando diferentes velocidades de alimentación, diámetros de taladro y densidades de corriente en aluminio 7075 y acero 1045. De forma similar, el efecto de los electropulsos se ha observado para aluminio 6060 y acero S235 durante el proceso de torneado. La correlación entre la relación de compresión de viruta , el ángulo del plano de corte f, la velocidad de corte, las velocidades de alimentación y las densidades de corriente se han estudiado en los procesos asistidos por EPs. Se ha observado que las velocidades de alimentación más bajas y posteriormente, las altas densidades de corriente reducen el ángulo de corte f y aumentan la relación de compresión de virutas durante el proceso de taladrado. La energía de corte específica (SCE) se reduce hasta 27% en aluminio 7075 y 17% en acero 1045 cuando se asiste el taladrado con EPs. Sin embargo, la relación de compresión del chip disminuye y el ángulo del plano de corte f aumenta con el aumento de la velocidad de corte durante el torneado del acero S235. Por el contrario, la relación de compresión de la viruta aumenta y el ángulo del plano de corte disminuye con el aumento de la velocidad de corte en un torneado de aluminio 6060. La densidad de corriente disminuye con el aumento de las velocidades de avance y aumenta con el aumento de la velocidad de corte en acero S235. Sin embargo, la densidad de corriente tiene altos valores a mayores velocidades de alimentación y disminuye con el aumento de la velocidad de corte durante el torneado de aluminio 6060. El SCE disminuyó con el aumento en las velocidades de alimentación y la profundidad de corte durante el torneado asistido eléctricamente del acero S235. Pero para el aluminio 6060, el SCE aumentó cuando se incrementa la velocidad de corte. Los resultados muestran que el proceso de taladrado asistido eléctricamente mejora la maquinabilidad del material disminuyendo SCE en aluminio 7075 y acero 1045. También se observa una mejora en la maquinabilidad del acero S235 cuando es cilindrado en un torno, en cambio la SCE del aluminio 6060 disminuye empeorando la maquinabilidad, probablemente debido a la gran deformación plástica en la zona de corte que experimenta el material, lo que hace que amente la SCE durante el proceso de torneado asistido por EPs.
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Darling, Gordon. "Mathematical modelling of electrochemical machining processes." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/13565.

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Teltz, Richard W. "Open architecture control for intelligent machining systems." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape11/PQDD_0006/NQ42883.pdf.

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De, Sliva A. K. "Process developments in electrochemical arc machining." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.383017.

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Otieno, Andrew Michael Wasonga. "Computer-aided analysis of metal machining." Thesis, University of Leeds, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.251490.

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Bajalan, M. R. "Machining of steels with ceramic tools." Thesis, University of Warwick, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.357239.

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Adebayo, Adeyinka. "Characterisation of integrated WAAM and machining processes." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2013. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/8258.

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This research describes the process of manufacturing and machining of wire and arc additive manufactured (WAAM) thin wall structures on integrated and non¬integrated WAAM systems. The overall aim of this thesis is to obtain a better understanding of deposition and machining of WAAM wall parts through an integrated system. This research includes the study of the comparison of deposition of WAAM wall structures on different WAAM platforms, namely an Integrated SAM Edgetek grinding machine, an ABB robot and a Friction Stir Welding (FSW) machine. The result shows that WAAM is a robustly transferable technique that can be implemented across a variety of different platforms typically available in industry. For WAAM deposition, a rise in output repeatedly involves high welding travel speed that usually leads to an undesired humping effect. As part of the objectives of this thesis was to study the travel speed limit for humping. The findings from this research show that the travel speed limit falls within a certain region at which humping starts to occur. One of the objectives of this thesis was to study the effect of lubricants during sequential and non-sequential machining/deposition of the WAAM parts. Conventional fluid lubricants and solid lubricants were used. In addition, the effect of cleaning of deposited wall samples with acetone was also studied. A systematic study shows that a significant amount of solid lubricant contamination can be found in the deposited material. Furthermore, the results indicate that even cleaning of the wire and arc additive manufactured surfaces with acetone prior to the weld deposition can affect the microstructure of the deposited material.
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Books on the topic "Machining - Processes"

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Advanced machining processes: Nontraditional and hybrid machining processes. McGraw-Hill Professional, 2005.

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Davim, J. Paulo, ed. Traditional Machining Processes. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-45088-8.

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Davim, J. Paulo, ed. Nontraditional Machining Processes. Springer London, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-5179-1.

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Gupta, Kapil, Neelesh K. Jain, and R. F. Laubscher. Hybrid Machining Processes. Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-25922-2.

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Bhowmik, Sumit, and Divya Zindani. Hybrid Micro-Machining Processes. Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-13039-8.

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Huda, Zainul. Machining Processes and Machines. CRC Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003081203.

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El-Hofy, Hassan. Fundamentals of Machining Processes. CRC Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429443329.

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service), SpringerLink (Online, ed. Nontraditional Machining Processes: Research Advances. Springer London, 2013.

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Kibria, Golam, Muhammad P. Jahan, and B. Bhattacharyya, eds. Micro-electrical Discharge Machining Processes. Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-3074-2.

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Kumar, Kaushik, Divya Zindani, and J. Paulo Davim. Advanced Machining and Manufacturing Processes. Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-76075-9.

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Book chapters on the topic "Machining - Processes"

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Ashton, Roger W. F. "Machining Processes." In Modern Hip Resurfacing. Springer London, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-84800-088-9_3.

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Pruner, Harry, and Wolfgang Nesch. "Machining Processes." In Understanding Injection Molds. Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KG, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.3139/9781569905357.008.

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Pruner, Harry, and Wolfgang Nesch. "Machining Processes." In Understanding Injection Molds. Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KG, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3139/9781569908440.008.

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El-Hofy, Hassan. "Machining Processes." In Fundamentals of Machining Processes. CRC Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429443329-1.

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Markopoulos, Angelos P. "Machining Processes." In Finite Element Method in Machining Processes. Springer London, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-4330-7_1.

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Karpuschewski, Bernhard, Gerry Byrne, Berend Denkena, João Oliveira, and Anatoly Vereschaka. "Machining Processes." In Springer Handbook of Mechanical Engineering. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-47035-7_12.

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Datta, Madhav. "Electrochemical Machining." In Electrodissolution Processes. CRC Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780367808594-8.

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Ulutan, Durul, and Tuğrul Özel. "Hard Machining." In Modern Manufacturing Processes. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119120384.ch13.

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Teixidor, Dani, Inés Ferrer, Luis Criales, and Tuğrul Özel. "Laser Machining." In Modern Manufacturing Processes. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119120384.ch18.

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Chryssolouris, George. "Overview of Machining Processes." In Laser Machining. Springer New York, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-4084-4_1.

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Conference papers on the topic "Machining - Processes"

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Erdel, Bert P. "Advanced Machining Processes." In International Automotive Manufacturing Conference & Exposition. SAE International, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/971747.

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Jiang, Ping, Yunyan Xing, Yajie Liu, Bo Guo, and Gan Lin. "Research on machining process reliability in multi-procedure machining processes." In 2012 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management (IEEM). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ieem.2012.6837895.

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Younas, Tanzila, Maha Manzoor, and Jalpa Kumari. "Non-conventional machining processes as expedient alternatives for conventional machining processes." In 2017 IEEE 3rd International Conference on Engineering Technologies and Social Sciences (ICETSS). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icetss.2017.8324178.

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Erdel, Bert P. "Advanced Machining Processes Integrate Agile Manufacturing." In SAE International Congress and Exposition. SAE International, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/970374.

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Kopac, J., and F. Pusavec. "Sustainability spirit in manufacturing/machining processes." In Technology. IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/picmet.2009.5262015.

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Antonio, Vallejo,. "Surface Roughness Modelling in Machining Processes." In Information Control Problems in Manufacturing, edited by Bakhtadze, Natalia, chair Dolgui, Alexandre and Bakhtadze, Natalia. Elsevier, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.3182/20090603-3-ru-2001.00053.

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Raza, Syed Waqar, and Ibrahim Mostafa Deiab. "On Sustainability Assesment of Machining Processes." In ASME 2013 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2013-65710.

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There is an increased interest in sustainability assessment of manufacturing systems and processes because of the growing global interest in sustainable manufacturing practices. The current sustainability assessment models present a holistic approach, e.g. LCA, without much focus on process specific details. This paper uses a ‘XSI’ approach for defining sustainability indices (e.g. Energy Sustainability Index, ESI). These sustainability metrics can quantify machining processes in terms of impact on the environment and power consumption in a flexible manner, so that various material removal processes can be rated on a uniform scale. In addition, the concept of Normalization, with respect to the ‘feature-of-interest’ is introduced, thus presenting a flexible rating system in terms of process types (turning, milling etc.) and perspectives (material removal, quality etc.). A user-friendly calculator is developed, which converts a set of inputs for the machining scenario into a set of measurable rating quantities and indices including but not limited to production rate, production cost, tool life/cost, energy consumption and environmental burden. This will enable the manufacturing engineer to make an informed decision about parameter selection and process design for sustainability. Machining of hard-to-machine materials such as Titanium Alloys is such a scenario, which is used as a case study to validate the proposed approach.
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Shirur, Arvind, and Jami J. Shah. "Machining Algebra for Mapping Volumes to Machining Operations." In ASME 1996 Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/96-detc/dfm-1303.

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Abstract This paper presents geometric models for representing machining operations. The characteristic shapes produced by machining operations are represented in a uniform (canonical) way for all machining operations as the resultant to two types of tool-workpiece interactions. Each interaction is characterized by a type of sweep operator. The directors of these sweep operations are derived from cutting and feed motion directions. The profiles used in the sweeps are defined in terms of geometric entities and constraints based on tool geometry and tool-workpiece interaction. Most conventional machining processes can be represented using the proposed model (process-to-volume mapping). Inverse operators are also defined for mapping volumes to processes; the inverse operators can be used in selecting potential machining processes for removing given volumes. Thus, representation of machining knowledge is process-based not feature-based, which overcomes the problem of dealing with new feature shapes that are not predefined in the process selector.
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Rahman, Mustafizur, Keng Soon Woon, and Wee Keong Neo. "Tool-Based Micro/Nano Machining: Development of Innovative Machine and Machining Processes." In ASME 2020 15th International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec2020-8580.

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Abstract It is an unarguably fact is that the current trend in manufacturing is miniaturization of products with extreme surface finish. I addition, the surface finish and dimensional accuracy requirements of products as well components are getting remarkably stringent, especially in the areas of vision, information, biotech, environmental, measurement and medical industries. Moreover, these products need to accommodate increased number of functions. Production of such products and parts of micron level size with very high dimensional accuracy of nano meter level is getting more importance because of a steadily increasing demand for such industrial products. To satisfactorily meet these challenges micro/nanomachining technology must be developed. Such machining is usually performed either using techniques based on energy beams (beam-based micro-machining) or using solid cutting tools (tool-based micro/nanomachining). Some of the limitations of beam-based micro-machining are due to poor control of 3D structures, low aspect ratio of products and also low material removal rate. In addition, special facilities are required to perform these processes and the maximum achievable dimensions are relatively small. However, with the application of tool-based micro/nanomachining technology some of these limitations can be satisfactorily overcome using ultra precision machine tools and solid cutting tools to produce the micro-features with well-controlled shape, features and tolerances. In many cases, compound or hybrid or simultaneous machining process is required for effectively performing micromachining. To meet the challenges, multi-process machines are required and unfortunately such machines are not available. Consequently, the author will present the development of a first-of-its-kind multi-process machine tool and the innovative approaches to develop various compound, hybrid and simultaneous machining processes for the successful implementation of micromachining. Recently, nanomachining of difficult-to-machine materials is also getting more importance with the pervasive demand for fabrication of miniature, thinner and lighter products, intricate micro-shapes and structures on such materials. In addition, the products also require nano meter level surface finish. The author would like to present his contribution especially in the area ductile mode machining of brittle materials. This paper also presents the recent developments in the areas of deeper understanding of the mechanisms and machining technologies to generate nano-finish surface by machining processes. In this paper, the basic understanding of nanomachining mechanism, ‘extrusion-like’ chip formation metal cutting is briefly discussed. With the emergence of hybrid freeform surfaces to increase the optical performance and to provide new functions. To fulfill these objectives, the author and his team have carried out ultra-precision machining using fast tool servo (FTS) and slow slide servo (SSS) mechanisms. Some typical examples of the development of innovative nano machining processes and products have been presented in this paper. Finally, the development of a rotating tool for continuous production of radial Fresnel lenses has been presented.
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Vasiliev, S. G., and Ya I. Shulyak. "Modeling and investigation of physical machining processes." In SECOND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MATERIAL SCIENCE, SMART STRUCTURES AND APPLICATIONS: ICMSS-2019. AIP Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5140145.

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Reports on the topic "Machining - Processes"

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Stephan, Elle Taylor, and John Arnold Balog. Process Engineering Workshop PT-2 Machining. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1435545.

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Wiesmann, Harold, and Michael Furey. Development of Environmentally Friendly Dry Machining Process. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1095909.

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Bates, Robert, and Elizabeth McConnell. High Metal Removal Rate Process for Machining Difficult Materials. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1275741.

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Feng, Shaw C. A machining process planning activity model for systems integration. National Institute of Standards and Technology, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.ir.5808.

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McSpadden, SB. Development of the Cylindrical Wire Electrical Discharge Machining Process. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/814146.

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Crawford, Gregory A. Process Characterization of Electrical Discharge Machining of Highly Doped Silicon. Defense Technical Information Center, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada567674.

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Zhao, Yaoyao Fiona, Frederick M. Proctor, and John A. Horst. A machining and measurement process planning activity model for manufacturing system interoperability analysis. National Institute of Standards and Technology, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.ir.7734.

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Arnold, J. B., K. L. Kruse, and P. K. Stone. CRADA final report for CRADA number Y-1293-0185: Process modelling and machining operations development. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/417621.

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In-depth survey report: case study: particle emissions from the processes of machining nanocomposites. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.26616/nioshephb35619a.

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