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Journal articles on the topic 'Machining tools'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 19 June 2025

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1

Yamada, Makoto, Tsukasa Kondo, Fumiki Tanaka, and Takeshi Kishinami. "Tilted Tool Axis Machining on 5-Axis Machine Tools." International Journal of Automation Technology 1, no. 2 (2007): 120–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/ijat.2007.p0120.

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High-efficiency machining and high-quality cutting are required in mold and die machining. To produce high-quality molds and dies, we require high rigidity for cutting tools and machining with effective cutting edges. We propose tilted tool axis machining, which involves indexing using 2-axis rotary motion and machining using 3-axis feed motion on a 5-axis machining center. To conduct tilted tool axis machining by ball end mill, we must know the tool attitude to ensure stable cutting and how to control the tool attitude to stable cutting conditions. Our main objective was to clarify the tool attitude ensuring stable cutting conditions and to develop automatic determination of the indexing angle for mold and die machining. We start by discussing machining experiments using a dynamic force dynamometer on a 5-axis machining center to analyze machining features using a tilted tool axis ball end cutting tool. We then determine machining evaluation from which the results of machining experiments are determine using a tilted tool axis ball end cutting tool. We propose calculation of optimum indexing angle candidates for machining surfaces using normal vectors of surfaces and cutting edges. We then show machinable area evaluation for the calculated indexing angle based on inverse offset method with a state flag. We then give examples demonstrating the effectiveness of our proposal.

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2

Sidorenko, Daria, Pavel Loginov, Leon Mishnaevsky, and Evgeny Levashov. "Nanocomposites for Machining Tools." Materials 10, no. 10 (2017): 1171. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma10101171.

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3

Choudhury, I. A., N. L. See, and Mohd Zukhairi. "Machining with chamfered tools." Journal of Materials Processing Technology 170, no. 1-2 (2005): 115–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2005.04.110.

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4

Zhu, Gao Feng, and Yan Lei Zhang. "Research on Error Compensation Techniques for NC Machine Tools." Applied Mechanics and Materials 321-324 (June 2013): 833–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.321-324.833.

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Cause of machining error for NC Machine Tools is described, and principle of NC machinings error compensation on the basis of the existing in-line detection model of NC machine tools is analyzed in this paper. Regularity of error Modeling based on multi-body system is found,accordingly, we will find the corresponding characteristic matrix and transformation matrix if location features and sport features of the adjacent body are confirmed. Then, formula of error model is found, and we can get numerical solution and compensate error according to the identified error parameter. As a result, the machining accuracy of machine tools can be greatly improved.

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5

Mueller-Hummel, Peter. "Cutting Tool Technology for Machining Composite Curing Tools." SAE International Journal of Aerospace 5, no. 1 (2012): 57–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2012-01-1875.

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6

Bauer, Joerg, Dominik Kern, Serdal Ayhan, et al. "Planar positioning stage for micro machining." Production Engineering 7 (July 3, 2013): 511–16. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11740-013-0474-2.

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The following article presents an approach for a novel positioning stage as basic component of a small machine tool. It is a parallelkinematic machine (BiGlide mechanism), which converts the linear motion of two linear axes into a planar motion. The novel features, which were identified to be crucial for the transition from conventional machine tools to small ones, are: compact and precise feed axes, backlash free motion transmission, and direct measurement of the tool-center-point position and the ability of additional fine positioning. The proposed implementations are: hydraulic feed units, dry slide bearings as rotational joints, highly precise radar sensors and active variable-length struts of the parallelkinematic machine. Some of the simulation results are presented along with measurements of a currently designed prototype.

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7

Dondi, Valerio. "Acoustic sensor for monitoring machining processes in machining tools." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 122, no. 5 (2007): 2502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.2801788.

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8

Anil, Waghmode, Pawar Sanjay, and Sanganagoudar Sahebagouda. "Study of Cutting Tool Wear of PVD Coated Tools in Wet Machining Process." Research and Development in Machine Design 5, no. 3 (2022): 1–5. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7334166.

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<em>Aluminium Al12Si is machined under wet machining conditions. There are two cutting fluids are used namely Neem Seed Oil and Soluble oils. All machining parameters are taken under Mnitab 19 L9 Array. Surface roughness of each tool in each cutting parameter under specific machining parameter is studied and tabulated. Tool wear of AlCrN and DLC coated tools is studied under Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and compared both of them under 100X and 250X resolution. DLC coated tool shows less wear compared with AlCrN coated tool.</em>

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9

Li, X. S., and It Meng Low. "Machining with Ceramic Cutting Tools." Key Engineering Materials 53-55 (January 1991): 313–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.53-55.313.

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10

Cichosz, Piotr. "Innovative machining tools and technologies." Mechanik 91, no. 10 (2018): 794–802. http://dx.doi.org/10.17814/mechanik.2018.10.133.

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Modern tools and innovative technologies used in machining are presented, and potential development directions of these manufacturing techniques are described. Particular attention is drawn to anti-wear tool materials and coatings, as well as structural elements of tools and machining strategies which strongly affect the broadly understood manufacturing efficiency.

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11

Kolobkov, A. V. "New tools for machining holes." Russian Engineering Research 29, no. 4 (2009): 410–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.3103/s1068798x09040182.

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12

Yu, Ming Rang, Ying Jie Zhang, and Ding Zhang. "Optimization of 3D Pocket Machining Using Multiple Tools." Advanced Materials Research 503-504 (April 2012): 7–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.503-504.7.

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In numerical control machining, the number and the size of the cutting tools in use have a significant effect on machining efficiency. This paper puts forward a method to select the most appropriate group of cutters for 3D pocket machining using NC machine tools, which aim to minimize the total machining time. Considering the material is removed layer by layer in roughing, three scan-line filling algorithm is proposed to calculate the cutting area of every layer, which is necessary to calculate the machining time. After the total machining time of each group of cutters is calculated, the optimal group of cutters can be determined easily. Both the theoretical analysis and the simulated results show that the proposed algorithm can improve the efficiency of NC machining.

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13

Mamalis, A. G., J. Kundra´k, and M. Horva´th. "On a Novel Tool Life Relation for Precision Cutting Tools." Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering 127, no. 2 (2005): 328–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1794158.

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When using new, very expensive superhard tool materials (diamond or CBN) for precision and ultraprecision machining of parts made, very often, from expensive materials, exact knowledge of the tool wear process (considering, of-course, its stochastic character) is absolutely necessary. It means, that we need new tool-life equations for these new tools. In the present paper, a new tool life relation is proposed based on machining experiments. It reflects the two-extremum form of tool life curves and is valid for a wide range of cutting conditions.

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14

Zhang, Hong Zhou, Ying Ying Wei, Yi Chu Yuan, and Hong Yu Jiang. "Research on Hole-Making Tools for CFRP." Advanced Materials Research 797 (September 2013): 592–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.797.592.

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There are lots of defects in the drilling process of CFRP, such as splitting, etc, which may affect the assembly quality of the composite materials. Through the analysis of the drilling mechanism of CFRP, and with the help of the correlation experiments of drilling tools, the effects of machining parameters and machining tools on hole quality are studied, the optimal selection method of the drilling tools for CFRP and the selection principle of technical parameters under different machining conditions are also discussed. And the tools geometry affects the hole-machining quality of CFRP materials directly, which should be chosen in accordance with the hole-machining method.

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15

Vozár, M., J. Hrbál, R. Straka, and J. Milde. "Comparison of optical measurement methods utilization for complex high feed tool geometry." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2931, no. 1 (2024): 012027. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2931/1/012027.

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Abstract High Feed Machining (HFM) is an advanced machining technique that offers the potential for up to three times faster machining speeds compared to conventional methods. The geometric characteristics of HFM cutting tools differ significantly from those used in traditional machining, posing challenges when it comes to their precise measurement. Cemented carbide solid high feed mills feature specialized end profiles that enable the utilization of chip thinning mechanisms to achieve substantially increased feed rates. Grinding is a widely adopted manufacturing process for production of carbide tools. The tool’s geometry is attained through the coordinated movement of the grinding wheel and the workpiece while employing a cooling medium. The precision of the resulting cutting tool geometry directly impacts the machining process. In the context of the experiment, five HFM tools were manufactured. The primary focus was to assess the geometry of these tools using two distinct measurement methods: a dedicated optical measuring machine designed for cutting tools and a 3D optical scanner. The results from each measurement method were subsequently compared and evaluated using the GOM Inspect software. Based on the analysis of measured data, it’s possible to confidently determine that optical scanning represents a reliable and effective method for quality control of the macrogeometry of cutting tools.

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16

Mekid, Samir. "Micro Machining Issues: Design and Machining Process." Advanced Materials Research 739 (August 2013): 238–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.739.238.

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Numerical controlled high speed micromachining on desktop machines is known to induce inherently new types of errors and machining issues at micro scale. The sources of these errors are either not known, or difficult to be modeled. Some of these errors are due to the downscaling effect of machine elements to a small micro-machine. This paper attempts to explore key issues proper to micro machines that are different from standard scale NC machine tools. Experimental observations are shown to support the discussion. The knowledge gained from these phenomena is used to nurture the design methodologies of micro-scale machines, to plan a suitable tool path and hence to improve the micromachining quality. This will also ascertain the statement that direct downscaling of current machine tools is worthless.

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17

MATSUBARA, Atsushi, Motoyuki SUGIHARA, Ahmed A. D. SARHAN, Hidenori SARAIE, Soichi IBARAKI, and Yoshiaki KAKINO. "Research on Spindle and Machining Process Monitoring for Intelligent Machine Tools(Advanced machine tool)." Proceedings of International Conference on Leading Edge Manufacturing in 21st century : LEM21 2005.2 (2005): 469–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmelem.2005.2.469.

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18

Sheng, Zhong Qi, Hua Long Xie, Zhi Wei Xu, and Peng Li. "Design System Development of Tool Magazine for CNC Machine Tools." Applied Mechanics and Materials 16-19 (October 2009): 155–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.16-19.155.

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As an important part of CNC machine tools and machining center, automatic tool changer is the basis to realize continuous processing of multiple machining operations. The design system development of tool magazine is an engineering of complex system. Based on the secondary development technology of UG, this paper developed the design and management system of tool magazine and realized the standardization and the process of design procedure. After introducing the basic idea of design system development, this paper presented function modules and design workflow of tool magazine respectively. The management system for tool magazine was given next. UG-based development of tool magazine for CNC machine tools can meet the design need and improve the design quality effectively.

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19

Sousa, Vitor F. C., João Castanheira, Francisco J. G. Silva, José S. Fecheira, Gustavo Pinto, and Andresa Baptista. "Wear Behavior of Uncoated and Coated Tools in Milling Operations of AMPCO (Cu-Be) Alloy." Applied Sciences 11, no. 16 (2021): 7762. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11167762.

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Copper-Beryllium alloys have excellent wear resistance and high mechanical properties, they also possess good electrical and thermal conductivity, making these alloys very popular in a wide variety of industries, such as aerospace, in the fabrication of tools for hazardous environments and to produce injection molds and mold inserts. However, there are some problems in the processing of these alloys, particularly when these are subject to machining processes, causing tools to deteriorate quite rapidly, due to material adhesion to the tool’s surface, caused by the material’s ductile nature. An assessment of tool-wear after machining Cu-Be alloy AMPCOLOY 83 using coated and uncoated tools was performed, offering a comparison of the machining performance and wear behavior of solid-carbide uncoated and DLC/CrN multilayered coated end-mills with the same geometry. Multiple machining tests were conducted, varying the values for feed and cutting length. In the initial tests, cutting force values were registered. The material’s surface roughness was also evaluated and the cutting tools’ edges were subsequently analyzed, identifying the main wear mechanisms and how these developed during machining. The coated tools exhibited a better performance for shorter cutting lengths, producing a lower degree of roughness on the surface on the machined material. The wear registered for these tools was less intense than that of uncoated tools, which suffered more adhesive and abrasive damage. However, it was observed that, for greater cutting lengths, the uncoated tool performed better in terms of surface roughness and sustained wear.

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20

Salacinski, T., T. Chmielewski, M. Winiarski, R. Cacko, and R. Świercz. "Roughness of Metal Surface After Finishing Using Ceramic Brush Tools." Advances in Materials Science 18, no. 1 (2018): 20–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/adms-2017-0024.

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AbstractThe paper describes processes of metal parts edges deburring and surface of metal samples polishing with ceramic tools based on fibre aluminium oxide. It presents the construction of basic types of tools and their practical industrial applications, and evaluates the influence of machining parameters on surface roughness. An important advantage of the used tools is the possibility of deburring and machining of external flat and shaped surfaces as well as internal surfaces and even deep drilled holes. These tools can be practically used for machining all construction materials. The results of machining of selected engineering materials, such as aluminium 5052 and 2017A, Inconel 718, non-alloy steel, in various variants of machining parameters are presented. The influence of machining parameters on machined surface roughness was described.

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21

Yulianto, Irwan, and Arida Murti Martikasari. "Selection of CNC Tool Combinations Through The Approach of Genetic Algorithm Methods with The Criteria of Minimizing Machining Time and Considering The Minimum Machining Gap." Sainteks: Jurnal Sain dan Teknik 6, no. 1 (2024): 34–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.37577/sainteks.v6i1.644.

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The demand for products that require high precision is increasing. Therefore the production process with CNC machines is highly crucial. In the milling machining process, the roughing process takes the most time. The suitable selection of tools combination for the machining area will reduce the machining time. Roughing process sometimes cannot process the machining area with the minimum gap size. The research is to develop tools combination selection algorithm with the criteria of reducing machining time by considering the minimum gap in the workpiece machining area. The first stage is the preprocessing stage, which aims to initiate the tool size that can be used in the workpiece machining process and tools size grouping for the smallest gap machining process. The second stage is genetic algorithm (GA) stage, which aims to find the best tools combination according to the objective function. The sequence in the GA stage is determining initial solution, parents selection, crossover, mutation, regeneration, and determining the best solution. The developed algorithm has been tested on four workpieces. Characteristics of the features were tested on two closed pocket workpieces with island, each open pocket with island, and close pocket without island. Development of tools combination selection algorithm can assist in determining the best tools size to minimize the machining time.

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22

Shi, Rong Bo, Zhi Ping Guo, and Zhi Yong Song. "Research of On-Line Monitoring Technology of Machining Accuracy of CNC Machine Tools." Advanced Materials Research 846-847 (November 2013): 268–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.846-847.268.

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This paper analyzes CNC machine tools machining error sources, put forward a kind of on-line monitoring technology of CNC machine tools machining accuracy based on online neural network. Through the establishment of CNC machine tools condition monitoring platform, collection sensor signal of the key components of CNC machine tools, using time domain and frequency domain method of the original signal processing, extract the characteristic related to machining accuracy change, input to the neural network, identification the changes of machining accuracy. The experimental results show that, the on-line monitoring technology based on neural network, can identify the changes of machining accuracy.

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23

Kundrák, János, Angelos P. Markopoulos, and Tamás Makkai. "Assessment of Tool Life and Wear Intensity of CBN Tools in Hard Cutting." Key Engineering Materials 686 (February 2016): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.686.1.

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One of the most important issues to be addressed in hard cutting pertains to the evaluation of tool life as it is closely connected to machining quality and overall process cost. The attributes of tool life can be mathematically calculated based on machining conditions and other characteristics of the cutting process. In this paper the formulation developed for CBN tools, applied for the machining of 100Cr6 bearing steel is presented. Experiments were carried out for the validation of the theoretical approach. Additionally, a novel indicator, namely wear intensity, is analyzed and discussed, based on experimental results. Wear intensity is calculated as the ratio of flank wear to cutting length. From the analysis it can be concluded that the prognosis of tool life can be accurate with the proposed method. Furthermore, interesting and useful results are reported in connection to wear intensity and cutting speed in hard cutting.

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24

Marcinkevičius, Andrejus Henrikas. "Analysis of Optimization of Selection of the Tools for Turning." Solid State Phenomena 220-221 (January 2015): 854–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.220-221.854.

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It was shown that selection of a tool and cutting rates has strong influence on machining cost. Influences of different expense components in a machining company are analyzed and it is shown how all of them influence of production cost and the smallest cost is searched. It is shown that adequate selection of tools for machining and rates of cutting can markedly decrease the machining costs.

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25

HAMADA, HIROSHI. "Diamond tools for ultra precision machining." Journal of the Japan Society of Precision Engineering 51, no. 9 (1985): 1669–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.2493/jjspe1933.51.1669.

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26

KAWASAKI, Hiroki, Masahiro KAN, and Fumihiro SUZUMURA. "Thermal Deformation Prediction in machining tools." Proceedings of Conference of Chugoku-Shikoku Branch 2017.55 (2017): K0901. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmecs.2017.55.k0901.

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27

INOUE, Shinichi. "3408 Machining dynamics and machine tools." Proceedings of the JSME annual meeting 2008.4 (2008): 259–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmemecjo.2008.4.0_259.

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28

Akasawa, T., H. Takeshita, and K. Uehara. "Hot Machining with Cooled Cutting Tools." CIRP Annals 36, no. 1 (1987): 37–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0007-8506(07)62548-7.

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29

Kertesz, J., R. J. Pryor, D. W. Richerson, and R. A. Cutler. "Machining Titanium Alloys with Ceramic Tools." JOM 40, no. 5 (1988): 50–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03258917.

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30

Ren, H., and Y. Altintas. "Mechanics of Machining With Chamfered Tools." Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering 122, no. 4 (1999): 650–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1286368.

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Chamfered cutting tools are used in high speed machining of hardened steels due to their wedge strength. An analytic model is proposed to investigate the influence of chamfer angle and cutting conditions on the cutting forces and temperature. The model is based on the tool geometry, cutting conditions, steady state temperature in the shear and chip-rake face contact zones, strain, strain rate, and the corresponding flow stress of the work material. With the aid of a slip line field model, the cutting and friction energy in the primary, secondary and chamfer zones are evaluated. By applying the minimum energy principle to total energy, the shear angle in the primary deformation zone is estimated. The corresponding shear strain, strain rate and flow stresses are identified. The model leads to the prediction of cutting forces and temperature produced in three deformation zones. The model is experimentally verified by high-speed orthogonal cutting tests applied to P20 mold steel using ISO S10 carbide and CBN cutting tools. It is shown that the analytic model is quite useful in selecting optimal chamfer angle and cutting speed which gives the minimum tool wear and relatively lower cutting forces. [S1087-1357(00)00204-5]

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31

Shaharun, Muhammad Adib, Ahmad Razlan Yusoff, and Mohammad S. Reza. "Mechanism of Variable Helix Tools in Suppressing Chatter Using Process Damping for Machining Titanium Alloys at Low Cutting Speed." Materials Science Forum 773-774 (November 2013): 370–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.773-774.370.

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Titanium is difficult-to-cut materials due to its poor machinability and thermal conductivity when machining at high cutting speed. To overcome this machining titanium alloy problem, this study in interaction between machining structural system and the cutting process are very important. One of the main problems in the cutting process is chatter vibration. Due to chatter problem, the mechanism to suppress chatter named, process damping is a useful method can be manipulated to improve the limited productivity of titanium machining at low speed machining in milling process. In the present study, experiment are conducted to evaluate and study the process damping mechanism in milling using different types of variable tools geometries. These tools are variable he-lix/uniform pitch, variable pitch/uniform helix and variable helix and pitch and uniform helix/pitch. The result showed that the variable helix and pitch tools is very significantly improve process damping performance in machining titanium alloy compare to traditional of regular tools and other irregular tools.

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32

Iwai, Manabu, and Kiyoshi Suzuki. "Surface Finishing of Electrically Conductive Diamond Tools by Electrolytic Machining." Advanced Materials Research 565 (September 2012): 400–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.565.400.

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This paper deals with a new surface finishing method of electrically conductive diamond materials by making efficient use of an electrically conductive nature of the workpiece material, instead of conventional methods such as grinding, lapping and polishing using diamond abrasives. The authors focused on the electrolytic machining method and not on the electro discharge machining method for the two advantageous features of the electrolytic machining in addition to the general view that a better surface roughness could be obtained. One of those features is that no higher heat is generated at the machining point. This can eliminate a risk of the film delamination in the case where a workpiece is the CVD diamond coated tool. The other is that a wider machining gap is available between an electrode and a workpiece. This was thought to allow the electrolytic machining to be applied to a tool with a complex shape such as a drill and an endmill. Based on these concepts, electrolytic machining experiments were conducted on the electrically conductive diamond materials. From the results, it was found that the surface of the electrically conductive diamond could be smoothened enough by electrolytic machining though relatively long period of time was required.

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33

Okamoto, Ken, and Koichi Morishige. "C-Space-Based Toolpath Generation for Five-Axis Controlled Machining with Special Tools." International Journal of Automation Technology 18, no. 5 (2024): 679–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/ijat.2024.p0679.

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This paper describes a method for generating toolpaths based on machining strategies for five-axis controlled machining using special tools. Traditionally, most toolpath generation studies focused on ball-end mills, proposing strategic methods to achieve high-quality machining while avoiding tool interference. Recently, special finishing tools with large cutting edge radii have gained interest for achieving higher machining efficiency. These special tools can produce smooth finished surfaces even with large pick-feed widths, leading to higher productivity. However, unlike conventional machining with ball-end mills, five-axis controlled machining using special tools lacks standardized work design procedures. This study proposes a generic tool-geometry data format for defining special tool geometries and a method for generating toolpaths using this data format. This method strategically treats special tools as conventional ball-end mills. Consequently, five-axis controlled machining for new tool geometries can be achieved using existing operational procedures. To generate toolpaths, this study utilizes a two-dimensional configuration space (C-Space). For special tools with multiple cutting edge radii, the relationship between the tool posture and cutting edge contact point is clarified by mapping the cutting edge radius information onto the C-Space. By employing this mapped cutting edge information, we can determine the interference-free tool posture corresponding to the chosen cutting edge section based on the machining strategy. Finally, the paper presents machining simulations and experiments conducted to confirm the effectiveness of the proposed method.

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34

Sultan, F. Abdullah, and R. Panneer. "Improving Machinability in Conventional Turning of Ti-6Al-4V Using Work Piece Pre-Heating with Standard Cutting Tools." Applied Mechanics and Materials 813-814 (November 2015): 347–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.813-814.347.

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Machining hard to machine materials using conventional method of machining has proved to be very costly as these materials greatly affect the tool life because of poor machinability. One material that requires considerable study is Titanium which is a relatively lightweight material and provides excellent mechanical properties. The major problems in machining Titanium Alloys are the high cutting temperatures and rapid tool wear. Machining of Titanium using techniques like Laser Assisted Machining and Plasma Assisted Machining have proven to give high productivity rates, but the costs associated are very high. The main objective of this work is to develop a method for improving the machinability of Ti-6Al-4V using Work Piece Pre-Heating technique by using Conventional Machining with standard tools. Design of experiments was performed using Taguchi’s robust design. The machining operation was performed at elevated temperatures using oxy-acetylene flame. The tools used are Coated and Uncoated Carbide Tools. Based on the tool wear values obtained with different cutting conditions, it is concluded that this technique is feasible with the coated and uncoated carbide tools to machine titanium components commercially.

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35

Arsecularatne, J. A., and P. Mathew. "PREDICTION OF TOOL LIFE IN MACHINING WITH RESTRICTED CONTACT TOOLS." Machining Science and Technology 4, no. 2 (2000): 177–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10940340008945705.

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36

Cox, Daniel J., Glynn Newby, Hyung Wook Park, et al. "Precision Machining with Micro-Scale Vertical Machining Center." Journal of Advanced Computational Intelligence and Intelligent Informatics 10, no. 2 (2006): 187–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jaciii.2006.p0187.

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Micro machining is an emerging technology with extremely large benefits and equally great challenges. The push to develop processes and tools capable of micro scale fabrication results from the widespread drive to reduce part and feature size in many industrial and commercial sectors. For many micro machining applications, the technology of mechanical solid tool machining offers attractive merits as it can create truly three-dimensional and one-of-a-kind parts of extremely high resolutions without significant limitation of part materials. For mechanical solid tool machining, the control of three-dimensional motions between machines, tools, and parts to sub-micron level of precision is a perquisite to the realization of manufacturing at such fine scales. One important factor that contributes to the machining process accuracy is the overall size of the machine tool due to the effects of thermal, static, and dynamic stabilities. This paper will assess the technological benefits of miniaturization of machine tools in the context of machine stiffness and accuracy. It also presents the design philosophy and configuration of a 4-axis miniaturized vertical machining center of positioning accuracy of 4 to 10nm and a machine volumetric envelop less than (300mm)3, which is several thousand times smaller than traditional machining centers. A series of tests are discussed for performance evaluation of the miniaturized machining center in terms of the achievable finish and part form accuracy with respect to the process parameters and part geometrical complexity in 1-D, 2-D, and 3-D cases.

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37

Sajgalik, Michal, Andrej Czan, and Jozef Rakoci. "Possibilities of Multi-Function Machining Systems as Tools for Complete Machining." Technological Engineering 11, no. 1 (2014): 20–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/teen-2014-0004.

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Abstract This article deals with the use of a multi-function system for complete machining. It compares the use of conventional tools with multi-function system on the basis of main indicators of the quality of machining.

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Rahim, M. Zulafif, Arash Pourmoslemi, Song Lin Ding, and John Mo. "Residual Stress Analysis of Polycrystalline Diamond after Electrical Discharge Machining." Advanced Materials Research 820 (September 2013): 106–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.820.106.

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The extreme hardness of Polycrystalline Diamond (PCD) makes it an ideal choice for the machining of hard materials as a cutting tool. Due to the high hardness, fabrication of PCD tools relies on conventional abrasive grinding which suffers from low machining efficiency. Electrical discharge machining (EDM) is an advanced machining process and can be utilised to fabricate complicated PCD tools. High temperature of sintering and EDM processes creates residual stress inside PCD and can result in unmatured failure of PCD tools. This paper analyses the distribution of residual stress in PCD after electrical discharge machining process.

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Zheng, Dong Xi. "The Error Analysis of Surface Machining on the CNC Machine Tools." Applied Mechanics and Materials 494-495 (February 2014): 681–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.494-495.681.

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The surface machining is more and more in modern manufacturing, it is able to machine the high precision surface by CNC machine tools, but there are many cutting errors yet. To reduce the cutting errors in surface machining effectively, the paper analyzed the errors of surface machining by flat milling cutter on theory, it found the main reasons of cutting errors in machining the surface, and got the method to compensate the errors, so it provided the theoretical basis of compensation algorithm of cutting errors in the machining the surfaces.

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Perveen, Asma, and M. P. Jahan. "Comparative Micro-EDM Studies on Ni Based X-Alloy Using Coated and Uncoated Tools." Materials Science Forum 911 (January 2018): 13–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.911.13.

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Nickel based alloys have found their wide range of applications in the automotive, oil and gas, and aerospace industries due to their excellent mechanical and thermal properties. However, these alloys impose greater challenges to conventional machining techniques due to their extreme hardness. Therefore, non-traditional machining process like micro-electro discharge machining, which is a non–contact machining process, comes into consideration. In this study, the machinability of Ni based X-alloy was investigated using micro-EDM process with the aid of coated and uncoated tools. From the experimental results, it was evident that the machining time was reduced with the increase of discharge energy for both the coated and uncoated tools. Increase in discharge energy also resulted in enlargement of entrance diameter and overcut. However, the non-conductive nature of coating caused in the reduction of overcut for machining using coated tools. The tool wear was found to reduce with the increase of discharge energy due to shorter machining time at higher discharge energy. Finally, crater size also increased with the increased discharge energy. The coated tools resulted in bigger crater sizes than uncoated tools at 1000 rpm, however, for higher tool rotation the difference was not significant.

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Wang, Jiahao, Zhengqing Liu, Yang Wu, Qiucheng Wang, and Dayu Shu. "Cutting Performance and Tool Wear of AlCrN- and TiAlN-Coated Carbide Tools during Milling of Tantalum–Tungsten Alloy." Machines 12, no. 3 (2024): 170. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/machines12030170.

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Tantalum–tungsten alloys have been widely used in different industrial sectors—for example, in chemical, medical, aerospace, and military equipment. However, they are usually difficult to cut because of the large cutting force, rapid tool wear, and poor surface finish during machining. This paper presents the machining performance and cutting tool wear of AlCrN/TiAlN-coated carbide tools during the milling process of Ta-2.5W. The effects of cutting parameters on the cutting forces and surface roughness of AlCrN/TiAlN-coated carbide tools were obtained and analyzed. The results show that the wear resistance of AlCrN-coated tools is better than that of TiAlN-coated tools, and that the main wear mechanisms of both cutting tools are crater wear, adhesive wear, and diffusion wear. Compared to TiAlN-coated tools, AlCrN-coated tools reduced the cutting forces by 1% to 15% and decreased the surface roughness by 6% to 20%. A cutting speed within the range of 80–120 m/min can ensure a low cutting force while maintaining good surface roughness, which is more conducive to machining Ta-2.5W.

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Li, Shi Chao, Song Lin Wu, and Yan Kun Liang. "Optimizing of Integral Impeller NC Program Based on the Material Removal Rate." Advanced Materials Research 1030-1032 (September 2014): 1305–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1030-1032.1305.

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It is a general processing technology that multi-axis NC machine tools is used for machining impeller at present. In order to improve the machining accuracy of the five-axis NC machine tools, the paper analyzes the computing interpolation error of the Multi-axis CNC system in detail. Some of the measures of tools selection have been proposed in purpose of diminishing the accumulative error of the system. The paper also establishes the optimized objective function to optimize the process parameters of the CNC machining based on the material removal rate. All these measures will improve the machining efficiency significantly and increase the stationary of the machining process.

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Zhu, Hong Yu, Wei Jin Chen, and Ying Li. "Wavelet Neural Network – Based Research on Online Wearing Prediction of TI6AL4V Cutter in High Speed Milling." Key Engineering Materials 431-432 (March 2010): 205–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.431-432.205.

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TI6AL4V is a kind of hard-machining material, which has bad thermal conductivity, good chemical reactivity, little elastic modulus, great friction coefficient, severe work hardening, short cutter life, low machining efficiency and poor machining surface quality. To improve the machining efficiency, reduce machining cost and improve products quality, the cutting tool wear is the key factor affecting machining quality, machining efficiency and production safety. In this paper, a test system which takes TI6AL4V as the research object, and the dynamic milling force during the high speed milling as the detection signal is built for online tools wear prediction. The method of wavelet packet transform and neural network are presented to diagnose and predict the situation of tools wear. The practical example shows that this system has good practicability and could identify the tools wear states exactly through verification tests.

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Costa de Oliveira, Leandro, and Tsuzuki Marcos de Sales Guerra. "Optimization of the 2 1/2 D Pocket Machining Using Multiple Tools." Advanced Materials Research 223 (April 2011): 918–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.223.918.

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This work presents some contributions for optimization of the 2 ½ D pocket machining. The machining strategy considered is divided in internal machining and corners machining. The internal machining is carried through equidistant paths to the contour (offset) made by using Voronoi’s Diagram and the corner machining follows the same principle. As the Voronoi Diagram is parametric, the spaces between the paths can change. Thus, the best situation of spacing between paths can be determined to optimize the process. By using Dynamic Programming, the best combination of dimensions of the available tools can also be identified to remove the material of the pocket in smaller time.

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Soori, Mohsen, Fooad Karimi Ghaleh Jough, Roza Dastres, and Behrooz Arezoo. "Robotical Automation in CNC Machine Tools: A Review." Acta Mechanica et Automatica 18, no. 3 (2024): 434–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ama-2024-0048.

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Abstract Robotics and automation have significantly transformed Computer Numerical Control (CNC) machining operations, enhancing productivity, precision, and efficiency. Robots are employed to load and unload raw materials, workpieces, and finished parts onto CNC machines. They can efficiently handle heavy and bulky components, reducing the demand of manual labour and minimizing the risk of injuries. Robots can also be used in CNC machine tools to perform tasks such as automatic tool changing system, part inspection, and workpiece positioning. Automation technologies, including in-line inspection systems and Non-Destructive Testing (NDT) methods, can be integrated into CNC machining cells to enhance accuracy and reduce scrap and rework in machining operations. These systems collect real-time data on process parameters and machine tool performance to predict maintenance, optimize machining parameters, and improve overall efficiency. In the current study, applications of robotics and automation in the modification of CNC machine tools are reviewed and discussed. Different applications of robotics and automation in CNC machine tools, such as automated material handling, automatic tool changing, robotic work cells, adaptive machining, machine tending, quality inspection, data monitoring and analysis, and production line integration, are discussed. Thus, by analysing recent achievements in published papers, new ideas and concepts of future research works are suggested. As a result, accuracy as well as productivity in the process of part production can be enhanced by applying robotics and automation in CNC machining operations.

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Ariff, Tasnim Firdaus, Nur Najwa Sofian, and Nor Hayati Che Mat. "Dry Machining of T6061 Aluminium Alloy Using Titanium Carbonitride (TiCN) Coated Tools." Advanced Materials Research 652-654 (January 2013): 2129–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.652-654.2129.

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In metal cutting process, the use of cutting fluids, cooling and easy chip removal causes long-term effects of cutting fluids disposal into environment. Research has also proven the health hazards on manufacturing workers who coming in direct contact with cutting fluids. Currently it is highly competitive or end-user of metal workings fluid to reduce cost and improve productivity. Considering the high cost and problems associated with health and safety, it would be desirable if the use of cutting fluids be omitted. This study investigates the flank wear behavior of coated Titanium Carbonitride (TiCN) coated tools in dry and wet machining of T6061 Aluminum alloy with the aim of obtaining the optimum cutting speed for dry and wet machining respectively. By using specific depths of cut 0.2 and 0.6 mm with feed rates of 0.4 and 0.8 mm/rev respectively, the wear was investigated for 3 different high cutting speeds; 290, 360 and 446 mm/min. Results of dry machining was compared with traditional wet machining process. The temperature of tool tip, machining time and tool wear were recorded. Wear rate of the tool increases with the increasing cutting speed and parameters for both dry and wet machining. Wear percentage difference for dry machining was found to be 21-37 % (d = 0.2 mm and f = 0.4 mm/rev) and 41 - 58% (d = 0.6 mm and f = 0.8 mm/rev) higher than wet machining. The optimum cutting speed for both cutting parameters is 446 m/min for dry and wet machining. Tool tip temperature for dry machining is found to be 14 - 16 % higher than wet machining for both cutting parameters. It is observed that dry machining is suitable for high speed intermittent cutting operations.

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Zhou, Kaihong, Haixu Liu, and Shu Li. "Optimized Tool Motion Symmetry for Strip-Width-Max Mfg of Sculptured Surfaces with Non-Ball Tools Based on Envelope Approximation." Symmetry 16, no. 9 (2024): 1207. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym16091207.

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The problem of machining complex surfaces with non-ball-end cutters by strip-width-maximization machining is formulated as a kind of surface fitting problem in which the tool surface envelope feature line approximates the design surface under the movement transform. The theory of surface envelope−approximation is proposed as a general method for optimizing tool movement in single-contact strip-width-maximization machining of sculptured surfaces with non-ball-end cutters. Based on the surface moving frame, the velocity equations and transformation matrices for the tool motion relative to the workpiece, described by the motion-invariant parameters of the tool surface and design surface, are derived. A functional extremum model for optimizing the tool position ensures continuous and symmetrical motion relative to the workpiece to achieve the highest machining efficiency and accuracy. Finally, a Matlab-based simulation example verifies the machining efficiency and accuracy of the envelope approximation theory.

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Nieszporek, Tadeusz, and Andrzej Piotrowski. "Parametric Programming of CNC Machine Tools." Applied Mechanics and Materials 282 (January 2013): 203–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.282.203.

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CNC machine tools are increasingly often used in industry, and the development of the methods of their programming is also proceeding. Modern multipurpose multi-axial machine tools are programmed using special CAD/CAM software programs. Universal special programs for controlling CNC machine tools can, however, be generated in programs written in high-level languages. An example can be the machining of gears on universal CNC machine tools using versatile machining tools.

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Deng, Chao, Yao Xiong, Yuan Hang Wang, and Jun Wu. "Machining Process Parameters Optimization Based on Grid Optimization Algorithm." Advanced Materials Research 562-564 (August 2012): 2021–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.562-564.2021.

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Machining process parameters directly affect the machining quality and efficiency of heavy-duty CNC machine tools, selecting correctly machining process parameters can improve the machine’s machining performance effectively. This paper presents a machining process parameters optimization method based on grid optimization algorithm for heavy-duty CNC machine tools. In this method, a multi-objective optimization model will be established, which considers not only the linear constrains of machining process parameters, such as machining time and machining cost, but also the non-linear constrain, such as chatter in machining process. Grid optimization algorithm will be adapted to search the optimal combination of machining process parameters from the multi-objective optimization model. In the end, this paper will present an example to verify superiority of the multi-objective optimization method by comparing with single-objective optimization method.

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Bałon, Paweł, Edward Rejman, Bartłomiej Kiełbasa, Robert Smusz, and Grzegorz Szeliga. "The use of thin-walled milling in the technological production processes of aviation structural elements." Mechanik 95, no. 8-9 (2022): 6–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.17814/mechanik.2022.8-9.11.

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The use of HSM technology in the technological processes of milling and machining elements of aircraft structures made from (among other materials) aluminum alloys makes possible the production of elements with complex shapes, appropriate levels of precision workmanship, as well as surface roughness and waviness. The efficiency of the machining process is also a crucial factor, allowing it to compete with other manufacturing technologies. The achievement of these effects consists of many factors related to the machining process: machine tools and their rigidity, machining parameters, type of processed materials, as well as machining tools. The requirements for the tools used are related to the workpiece material and its specific properties, as well as the extreme machining conditions used (especially cutting speed vc and efficiency of the cutting process).

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