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1

Tormen, Francesco. "Ontologia Gelug-pa. Una lettura tibetana della filosofia Madhyamaka." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3424108.

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The research I conducted examines the peculiar interpretation of Madhyamaka thinking advocated by the Gelug-pa School of Tibetan Buddhism, i.e. Vajrayāna. Its initiator, Dzong-ka-ba Lo-sang-drak-ba (1357-1419), is doubtless the most studied, celebrated and even criticized thinker of the entire history of Tibetan philosophy: his original way of taking over Indian Buddhism in his survey soon goaded other scholars to set up a refined scholastic tradition, whose influence is nowadays still detectable in Tibet. Dwelling upon his thought, the dissertation pursues a twofold aim: 1) to give an in-depth reading of Gelug-pa philosophy reckoned as an autonomous object of study; 2) to shape by that a new hermeneutical view of Madhyamaka that strongly departs from the most popular readings of it, whose limits are thus intended to be shown. The research touches on several topics, which address epistemological, logical, dialectical, and ethical issues. Its main interests though concern the distinctive ontology unfolded by Madhyamaka philosophy of the Gelug-pa School. More specifically, I tested the idea that all phenomena are “merely mental” and hence demonstrated that such phrase refers neither to a linguistic nor to an epistemological limitation–as it is presented in numbers of contemporary studies on Madhyamaka–; it deals instead with the ontological status of the phenomena. The research framework is conceived of to tally with the intrinsically dialectical nature of the Gelug-pa literature: it follows indeed the main points of the classical debate about the correct identification of the object of negation (the one through which the phenomena are thought to be “void”). Particularly, the first chapter tackles the critique raised by Dzong-ka-ba against the ‘nihilistic’ interpreters of Chandrakīrti. The second chapter handles the interpretation that he gives of Madhyamaka Svātantrika perspective. The third chapter is then dedicated to the way in which the ultimate investigation is steered in Madhyamaka Prāsaṅgika system, which is seen by Dzong-ka-ba as the peak of every philosophical prospect. In the light of the previous ones, the fourth and last chapter eventually deals with the peculiar traits of Gelug-pa traditional ontology. What ensues from the research is a broad revaluation of the ontological readings of Madhyamaka; at the same time though, it points out the need to avoid any substantialist interpretation of the ultimate reality: this would indeed nothing but express the mere phenomenological nature of whatever object of experience, whose existence does not transcend its mere appearing to the conscience.
La ricerca indaga la particolare interpretazione del pensiero Madhyamaka sostenuta dalla Scuola Gelug-pa del Buddhismo tibetano (Vajrayāna). Il suo capostipite Dzong-ka-ba Lo-sang-drak-ba (1357-1419) è senza dubbio il pensatore più studiato, celebrato e criticato della storia della filosofia tibetana: la sua assimilazione del pensiero buddhista indiano dà luogo ben presto ad una raffinata tradizione scolastica la cui influenza in Tibet si estende fino ai giorni nostri. Nell’analisi del suo pensiero la trattazione persegue un duplice obiettivo: 1) offrire una lettura approfondita della filosofia Gelug-pa considerata come un oggetto di studio autonomo; 2) mostrare con ciò stesso una prospettiva sulla Madhyamaka che si discosta considerevolmente dalle letture contemporanee più in voga, i cui limiti si intende in tal modo mettere in luce. L’indagine tocca svariate tematiche, di carattere epistemologico, logico, dialettico ed etico. I suoi interessi principali vertono tuttavia sulla particolare ontologia che caratterizza la filosofia Madhyamaka di Scuola Gelug-pa. In particolare è approfondita la tesi secondo cui tutti i fenomeni sono “meramente imputati dalla mente”, dimostrando che tale espressione non allude ad una limitazione di carattere linguistico o epistemologico – come vorrebbero molte letture contemporanee della Madhyamaka –, ma descrive invece lo statuto ontologico dei fenomeni. L’esposizione della ricerca intende restituire il carattere strutturalmente dialettico della letteratura Gelug-pa, ricostruendo gli snodi principali del dibattito classico sulla corretta misura dell’oggetto di negazione (ciò di cui i fenomeni sono ritenuti essere “vuoti”). In particolare, nel primo capitolo è presa in esame la critica mossa da Dzong-ka-ba agli interpreti ‘nichilisti’ di Chandrakīrti. Nel secondo capitolo viene invece analizzata la peculiare lettura che l’autore tibetano propone della posizione Madhyamaka Svātantrika. Il terzo capitolo è quindi dedicato al modo in cui l’analisi ultima è condotta all’interno del sistema Madhyamaka Prāsaṅgika, collocato da Dzong-ka-ba al vertice delle visioni filosofiche. Nel quarto ed ultimo capitolo vengono infine approfonditi, alla luce del percorso svolto, i contorni della peculiare ontologia sostenuta dalla tradizione Gelug-pa. L’esito dell’indagine conduce ad una rivalutazione delle letture ontologiche della Madhyamaka, ma al contempo segnala la necessità di evitare qualunque interpretazione sostanzialistica della realtà ultima: essa non fa altro che esprimere la natura meramente fenomenologica di qualsiasi oggetto di esperienza, la cui esistenza non trascende il suo mero apparire alla coscienza.
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2

Westerhoff, Jan Christoph. "Nāgārjuna's Madhyamaka : a philosophical investigation." Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 2007. http://eprints.soas.ac.uk/29362/.

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This dissertation constitutes a discussion of Nagarjuna's Madhyamaka as contained in his six main philosophical works. It presents a synoptic presentation of the main topics Nagarjuna investigates. Particular emphasis is put on an analysis of the philosophical content of Nagarjuna's Madhyamaka. Apart from discussing the soundness of Nagarjuna's arguments for particular conclusions I also want to examine to which extent Nagarjuna's philosophy forms a coherent philosophical system rather than a collection of individual ideas. The dissertation consists of four parts. In the first part (chapter 2) I discuss the central concept of Madhyamaka philosophy, the notion of svabhadva. This is a notion of considerable complexity; for the purposes of understanding Nagarjuna's arguments I argue that it is particularly important to distinguish two of its conceptual dimensions: an ontological and a cognitive one. The second part (chapters 3 and 4) discusses some properties of the form of Nagarjuna's arguments, properties which are, however, also intricately connected with their contents attempting to establish the Madhyamaka theory of emptiness. The two topics investigated are the place of negation in Nagarjuna's philosophical assertions and his use of the argumentative framework known as the catuskoti or tetralemma. An analysis of the background of these formal aspects is indispensable for an understanding of Nagarjuna's arguments presented in the following chapters. The third part (chapters 5 to 9) discusses Nagarjuna's arguments dealing with particular topics, such as causation, motion, the self, epistemology, and language. Here Nagarjuna sets out to establish the absence of svabhava in areas which are particularly central to our cognitive interaction with the world. He investigates both the world around us (for the examples of causation and motion), the subjective world (the self) as well as the way in which the two are connected (by our epistemic faculties and by language). The final fourth part (chapter 10) attempts to present a concise synoptic overview of Nagarjuna's conclusions described in the preceding chapters and sets out to evaluate them from a systematic point of view. I also discuss how these various conclusions form a coherent philosophical whole and attempt to evaluate some of them in the light of the contemporary philosophical discussion.
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3

Neale, Matthew James. "Madhyamaka and Pyrrhonism : doctrinal, linguistic and historical parallels and interactions between Madhyamaka Buddhism & Hellenic Pyrrhonism." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:347ed882-f7ac-4098-908f-5bb391462a6c.

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There have been recent explosions of interest in two fields: Madhyamaka-Pyrrhonism parallels and Pyrrhonism itself, which seems to have been misunderstood and therefore neglected by the West for the same reasons and in the same ways that Madhyamaka traditionally has often been by the West and the East. Among these recent studies are several demonstrating that grounding in Madhyamaka, for example, reveals and illuminates the import and insights of Pyrrhonean arguments. Furthermore it has been suggested that of all European schools of philosophy Pyrrhonism is the one closest to Buddhism, and especially to Madhyamaka. Indeed Pyrrho is recorded to have studied with philosophers in Taxila, one of the first places where Madhyamaka later flourished, and the place where the founder of Madhyamaka, Nāgārjuna, may have received hitherto concealed texts which became the foundation for his school. In this dissertation I explore just how similar these two philosophical projects were. I systematically treat all the arguments in the Pyrrhonist redactor Sextus Empiricus’ Outlines of Pyrrhonism and Against Dogmatists and compare them to the most similar arguments available in the Madhyamaka treatises and related texts. On this basis, I ask whether the Pyrrhonists and the Buddhists would satisfy each other’s self-identifying criteria, or what characteristics would disqualify either or both in the other’s eyes. I also ask what questions arise from the linguistic and historical evidence for interactions between the Pyrrhonist school and the Madhyamaka school, and how sure we can be of the answers. Did Pyrrho learn Buddhism in Taxila? Was Nāgārjuna a Pyrrhonist? Finally I bring the insights of the living commentarial tradition of Madhyamaka to bear on current scholarly controversies in the field of Sextan Pyrrhonism, and apply the subtleties of interpretation of the latter which have developed in recent scholarship to Madhyamaka and its various difficulties of interpretation, to scrutinize each school under the illumination of the other. With this hopefully illuminated view, I address for example whether Sextus was consistent, whether living Pyrrhonism implies apraxia, whether Pyrrhonism is philosophy at all, and whether Madhyamaka is actually nihilism.
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4

Burton, David Francis. "Studies in early Indian Madhyamaka epistemology." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1983/9b9d119d-0d0f-4241-ad14-d39e65d9c74f.

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5

Nagashima, Jundo. "A study of the late Madhyamaka doxography." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1983/bdbe0308-340b-4ebc-9a5b-73c360818fb0.

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6

Harris, I. C. "The continuity of Madhyamaka and Yogacara in Indian Mahayana Buddhism." Thesis, Lancaster University, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.372538.

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7

Harris, Ian Charles. "The continuity of madhyamaka and yogācāra in Indian Mahāyāna Buddhism /." Leiden ; New York ; København [etc.] : E. J. Brill, 1991. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb36150124p.

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8

Viévard, Ludovic. "Vacuité (śūnyatā) et compassion (karunā) dans le bouddhisme de l'école Madhyamaka." Paris 4, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA040101.

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Le grand véhicule (mahayana) a développé une sotériologie nouvelle reposant à la fois sur l'idéal du bodhisattva caractérisé par la compassion (karuma) et sur la vacuité (sunyata). Cette dernière a fait l'objet de nombreux développements philosophiques et signe la particularité de l'école Madhyamika. Une interprétation instrumentale peut en rendre compte ; elle est l'instrument par lequel la dialectique progresse et réduit, via ses différents niveaux, les imaginations - facteurs subjectifs du samsara, barrant l'accès au nirvana. Cette dialectique absconse, voie directe vers la libération, contraste avec le modèle plus ouvert du bodhisattva. Oriente vers l'éveil, il fait vœu d'aider les êtres. Si sa carrière est bien codifiée, son principal moteur, la compassion, n'a été que peu commentée. On a donc suivi cette notion, son vocabulaire, l'imaginaire du bodhisattva à laquelle elle renvoie, comme ses différents niveaux et sa maturation. A l'examen, compassion et vacuité, voie de la sainteté et voie de la sagesse, sans être contradictoires, paraissent opposées, chacune nous amenant là d'où l'autre semble nous écarter. L'analyse montre que ce n'est qu'au travers de cette double exigence que le procès sotériologique parvient à maturation. Compassion et vacuité se corrigent l'une l'autre, parvenant dans ce constant va-et-vient à leur propre perfection. Mais celle-ci définit également leur limite. La perfection de la vacuité correspond ainsi à sa disparition lorsque, sa fonction remplie, l'instrument n'est plus utile. De même la compassion, intentionnelle et volontaire, à l’ origine de la carrière du bodhisattva, gagne dans la vacuité sa perfection qui en fait la grande compassion (mahakaruna). Celle-ci, sans objet, ni passion, ni motif, n'est plus rien d'autre que l'activité fictive et salvifique, qui sont les marques par lesquelles nous percevons les bouddhas et les grands bodhisattva
The great vehicle (mahayana) developed a new soteriology based both on the bodhisattva's ideal, characterized by compassion (karuna), and on emptiness (sunyata). This last one received a lot of philosophical commentaries, and has become the marker of the Madhyamika school. An interpretation in terms of instrument can give a clear idea of this notion and its purpose: to reduce, by means of the different levels of the dialectics - of which it is a tool - all the imaginations which are the subjective constituents of samsara. But this abstruse dialectics, direct way to liberation, contrasts with the more open way of the bodhisattva. Wishing to enlightenment, he makes the vow of helping beings. His carrier has been well codified, but it is not the case with its main cause: compassion. That is why we studied this notion through its vocabulary, the imaginary of the bodhisattva, its different levels and its maturation. But compassion and emptiness - the way of holiness and the way of wisdom - seem to be, if not contradictory, opposed, each one wishing to take us away from where the other brings us. In fact, we saw that it is only by the means of this double requirement that the way to salvation opens. Compassion and emptiness mutually correct each other, then attaining to their own perfection. But their perfection is also their limit. Perfection of emptiness corresponds to its disappearance in so far that a tool is no more useful when the goal has been reached. The same goes with compassion. With intention, and effort in its beginning, it wins its perfection through emptiness and becomes the great compassion (mahakaruna). Without any object or passion, with no caring, it is nothing more than the imaginary and saving activity that are the marks by which we perceive Buddhas and great bodhisattvas
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9

Cheung, Tsui-lan Liza, and 張翠蘭. "Doctrines of spiritual praxis from Abhidharma to Mahāyāna Yogācāra : with special reference to the Śrāvakabhūmiḥ of the Yogācārabhūmi-śāstra." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/209436.

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This study examines the Śrāvakabhūmih of the Yogācārabhūmi-śāstra with the aim of identifying the doctrines of spiritual praxis from Abhidharma to Mahāyāna Yogācāra. The hypothesis posited is that the spiritual praxis of the Mahāyāna Yogācāra is modified from the practice of the Śrāvakayāna yogācāra-s, the early meditation practitioners whose practices were closely related to the Abhidharma. Two questions have been set for this investigation; the first question being: Is the spiritual praxis of the Śrāvakayāna yogācāra-s actually related to the Abhidharma tradition, and if so how? The second question is: How much influence did the practice of the Śrāvakayāna yogācāra-s have on the evolution of the spiritual praxis of the Mahāyāna Yogācāra and what new developments, if any, were there? Together, the answers to these two questions will reveal how far the hypothesis set for this study is justified. This research starts with accumulation of knowledge around the identity of the yogācāra-s as meditation practitioners in early Buddhism, the different phases of the Mahāyāna Yogācāra school, the structure and contents of the Śrāvakabhūmih and the current reports on the relationship between the practice of the Śrāvakayāna yogācāra-s and the Mahāyāna Yogācāra. In order to bring out the profound practice of the Śrāvakabhūmih, an English translation of the important teachings in the Yogasthāna III of the Śrāvakabhūmih has been attempted. A key section of this research is the analysis and discussion of the findings with appropriate passages from two major groups of texts: (a) the Abhidharma texts and (b) the Mahāyāna Yogācāra texts. These texts include: (a) the Abhidharmasangītiparyāya-pāda-śāstra ( 阿毘達磨異門足論), the Abhidharma-dharmaskandha-pāda-śāstra (阿毘達磨法藴足論), and the *Abhidharma-mahāvibhā āśāstra ( 阿毘達磨大毘婆沙論); (b) the Samāhitābhūmi_ ( 三摩呬多地), Cintāmayībhūmih ( 思所成地), Bodhisattvabhūmih ( 菩薩地) and the Viniścayasamgrahanī ( 攝決擇分) of the Yogācārabhūmi-śāstra, the Sandhinirmocana-sūtra (解深密經), liu men jiao shou xi ding lun (六門教授習定論) and the Abhidharmasamuccaya-bhā yam-śāstra (大乘阿毘達磨雜集論). The findings of this preliminary study show that the practices of the Śrāvakayāna yogācāra-s are indeed systematic re-organizations of Abhidharma materials with elaborated details and the Mahāyāna Yogācāra did establish their spiritual praxis on the foundation of these practices of the early meditation practitioners modified with new theories and explanations. Thus, it can be concluded that the spiritual praxis of the Mahāyāna Yogācāra was indeed modified from the practices of the Śrāvakayāna yogācāra-s, the early meditation practitioners whose practices are closely related to the Abhidharma.
published_or_final_version
Buddhist Studies
Doctoral
Doctor of Philosophy
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10

Jinpa, Thupten. "'Self', persons and Madhyamaka dialectics : a study of Tsongkhapa's Middle Way philosophy." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1998. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/272695.

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11

NAGASHIMA, Jundo. "THE DISTINCTION BETWEEN SVĀTANTRIKA AND PRĀSAṄGIKA IN LATE MADHYAMAKA: ATIŚA AND BHAVYA AS PRĀSAṄGIKAS." 名古屋大学大学院文学研究科インド文化学研究室 (Department of Indian Studies, Graduate School of Letters, Nagoya University), 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/19253.

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12

BAHULKAR, Shrikant S. "THE MADHYAMAKA-HṚDAYA-KĀRIKĀ OF BHĀVAVIVEKA : A Photographic Reproduction of Prof. V.V. Gokhale's Copy." 名古屋大学印度哲学研究室 (Department of Indian Philosophy, University of Nagoya), 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/19182.

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13

McGuire, Robert. "The Madhyamaka speaks to the West : a philosophical analysis of śūnyatā as a universal truth." Thesis, University of Kent, 2015. https://kar.kent.ac.uk/54341/.

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Through a philosophical analysis of realist interpretations of Madhyamaka Buddhism, I will argue that the Madhyamaka is not well represented when it is represented as nihilism, absolutism or as some non-metaphysical alternative. Indeed, I will argue that the Madhyamaka is misrepresented when it is represented as anything; its radical context sensitivity entails that it cannot be autonomously volunteered. The Madhyamaka analysis disrupts the ontic and epistemic presuppositions that consider inherent existence and absolute truth to be possible and necessary, and so the ultimate truth, śūnyatā, is not an absolute truth or ultimate reality. However, I will argue that śūnyatā does qualify as a universal truth and should be understood as a context-insensitive, non-propositional truth in a non-dual dependent relationship with the multitudinous context-sensitive, propositional truths. This analysis will prove helpful in an investigation of those tensions, discernible within Buddhist modernism and the discourse of scientific Buddhism, that arise when Buddhist apologists claim a timeless modernity and a non-hostility with respect to contemporary worldviews. I will argue that apologists can resolve these tensions and satisfy their intuitions of timelessness, but only if they are willing to foreground the crucial distinction between their Buddhist worldview (their context-sensitive propositional truths) and their Madhyamaka attitude towards that worldview (the context-insensitive truth of śūnyatā). I will go on to generalise this result, showing that this Madhyamaka analysis opens up the possibility for frictionless co-operation between any and all worldviews, and that we therefore have a philosophical basis for a workable and sensitive theory of worldview pluralism. I will find it necessary to defend this position by demonstrating that, despite its context-insensitivity, the ultimate truth’s non-dual relationship with conventional truth mitigates against moral and epistemic relativism. I will further substantiate my claim as to the universal truth of śūnyatā by showing that, in Karan Barad’s ‘agential realism’, we find a revealing example of śūnyatā being articulated from within a non-Buddhist context. Thus, I hope to demonstrate some of the good effects of the Madhyamaka message, and show that this message can only be communicated clearly when it is distinguished from the discourses of Buddhism. In this manner, not by giving it a voice but through finding its voiceless authority, I hope to enable the Madhyamaka speak to the West.
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Ozkan, Cuma. "A comparative analysis| Buddhist Madhyamaka and Daoist Chongxuan (Twofold Mystery) in the early Tang (618-720)." Thesis, The University of Iowa, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1540391.

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The interactions between Chinese religions has occupied an enormous amount of scholarly attention in many fields because there have been direct and indirect consequences resulting from the interactions among Buddhism, Daoism, and Confucianism. These religious traditions have obviously influenced each other in many respects such as rituals, doctrines, textual materials, philosophy and so on. Accordingly, I will, in this paper, critically analyze the implications of the interactions between Buddhism and Daoism by examining Twofold Mystery. Since Twofold Mystery is heavily dependent on Madhyamaka Buddhist concepts, this study will, on the one hand, examine the influence of Madhyamaka Buddhism on the development of Twofold Mystery. On the other hand, it will critically survey how Twofold Mystery remained faithful to the Daoist worldview.

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Wang, Youxuan. "Madhyamaka Vijnanavada and deconstruction : a comparative study of the semiotics in Kumarajiva, Paramartha, Xuanzang and Derrida." Thesis, Bath Spa University, 1999. http://researchspace.bathspa.ac.uk/1440/.

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Roloff, Carola. "Red mdaʼba - Buddhist yogi scholar of the fourteenth century the forgotten reviver of Madhyamaka philosophy in Tibet." Wiesbaden Reichert, 2009. http://d-nb.info/997293926/04.

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Messent, Andree Dominique. "The Yogācāra-Svātantrika-Madhyamaka School of Buddhism and its influence on Rnying Ma doctrine, with special reference to Śāntarakṣita's Madhyamakālaṃkāra." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1983/ff1eac96-2cfe-430c-aec6-531ded2f4711.

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Isnard, Michel. "Le chênon de sûnyatâ : contribution à l'étude de la vacuité Madhyamaka-prâsangika et de certains de ses reflets en Occident : thèse." Nice, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001NICE2014.

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Etude transversale de la vacuité du Madhyamaka-Prâsangika illustrée : D'un essai d'une mise en correspondance entre les aspects de sûnyatâ et la philosophie de Ludwig Wittgenstein. D'une approche de l'actualité de l'interdépendance (absence de nature propre) repérable à la fois dans certains axiomes de la physique quantique et à travers plusieurs travaux de l'école de Palo Alto (ceux de Gregory Bateson et de Paul Watzlawick notamment). Du traitement de la problématique de la limitation ontologique et sémantique du concept, indiquée par Nâgârjuna, en approchant les recours allusifs et paradoxaux des maîtres du Zen et en remarquant le prolongement des caractéristiques des kôans dans l'oeuvre de Malcom de Chazal
Cross-sectional study of Madhyamaka-Prâsangika's emptines illustrated by : An attempt to correlate the aspects of sûnyatâ with Ludwig Wittgenstein's philosophy. An approach of the topicality of interdependence (absence of nature per se) which can be seen both in certain axioms of quantum physics and through several work of the Palo Alto's school (those of Gregory Bateson and Paul Watzlawick especially). An analysis of the problems due to ontological and semantic limits of the concepts, pointed out by Nâgârjuna, approaching the allusive and paradoxical recourses of Zen masters and noticing the extension of Kôans' caracteristics in Malcom de Chazal's work
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Yotsuya, Kōdō. "The critique of Svatantra reasoning by Candrakīrti and Tsong-kha-pa : a study of philosophical proof according to two Prāsaṅgika Madhyamaka traditions of India and Tibet /." Stuttgart : F. Steiner, 1999. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb413345870.

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Kyuma, Taiken. "Sein und Wirklichkeit in der Augenblicklichkeitslehre Jñānaśīrimitras : Kṣaṇabhaṅgādhyāya I: Pakṣadharmatādhikāra : Sanskrittext und Übersetzung /." Wien : Arbeitskreis für tibetische und buddhistiche Studien, Universität Wien, 2005. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb39960995d.

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Texte remanié de: Doktorarbeit--Geisteswissenschaftliche Facultät der Universität Wien, 1999. Titre de soutenance : Jñānaśīrimitras Kṣaṇabhaṅgādhyāya Kapitel I (Pakṣadharmatādhikāra) : kritische Ausgabe, Übersetzung und Analyse.
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Dean, Colin Leslie, and mikewood@deakin edu au. "The relationship between analysis and insight in Madhyamika Buddhism (A logico psychological model)." Deakin University. School of Social Inquiry, 1993. http://tux.lib.deakin.edu.au./adt-VDU/public/adt-VDU20050825.100146.

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This thesis investigates the relationship between analysis and insight in Prasarigika Madhyamika Buddhism. More specifically it asks whether analysis is a necessary and/or a sufficient condition for the generation of insight. The thesis is divided into six chapters which include an introduction, an appendix which outlines Prasangika and Svatantrika views regarding the syllogism (svatantra) and a conclusion. The remaining chapters seek to demonstrate that analysis for the Prasarigika and the Tibetan Geluk-ba school is a necessary, but not a sufficient condition for the arising of insight. Chapter one is an investigation of certain Western psychological theories which deal with the effects on the mind of cogitating upon contradictions. Though the psychological theories are only suggestive, this chapter will lend support to the claim a) of the Prasaiigika, that analysis generates an altered state of consciousness; and b) that analysis may be a necessary and sufficient condition for the generation of insight. Chapter two seeks to construct a logico-psychological model of how insight is generated. In this model it is argued that insight is a conceptual and intuitive experience: i.e. non-inferential, and that all thought comes via the intuition. This model argues that analysis is a necessary, but not a sufficient condition for the generation of insight. In chapter three an investigation of the writings of Dzong-ka-ba (Tsong-Kha-pa) is undertaken in order to ascertain how the Tibetan Geluk-ba (dGe lugs pa) school regard the relationship between analysis and insight. The model of chapter two will be compared with the Tibetan Geluk-ba accounts to gauge its explanatory power and correspondence with the Geluk-ba views. Chapter four is an investigation of the writings of certain Western scholars. This investigation seeks to ascertain how these scholars may have regarded the relationship between analysis and insight. The chapter then compares these views with the model developed in chapter two.
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Hong, Sung-Ki. "Pratītyasamutpāda bei Nāgārjuna : eine logische Analyse der Argumentationsstruktur in Nāgārjunas "Madhyamkakārikā /." Saarbrücken : [Sung-Ki Hong], 1993. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb356974400.

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Tillemans, Tom Johannes Frank. "Materials for the study of Āryadeva, Dharmapāla and Candrakīrti : the Catuḥśataka of Āryadeva, chapters XII and XIII, with the commentaries of Dharmapāla and Candrakīrti : introduction, translation, Sanskrit, Tibetan and Chinese texts, notes /." Wien : Arbeitskreis für tibetische und buddhistische Studien, Universität Wien, 1990. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb35508243p.

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Thèse--Lettres--Université de Lausanne, 1989.
Contient des extraits du commentaire de "Catuḥśatakavr̥tti" en sanskrit et tibétain par Candrakīrti et Dharmapāla, ainsi que des extraits du commentaire de Dharmapāla en chinois.
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Keira, Ryusei. "Mādhyamika and epistemology : a study of Kamalaśila's method for proving the voidness of all Dharmas : introduction, annotated translations and tibetan texts of selected sections of the second chapter of the Madhyamakāloka /." Wien : Arbeitskreis für tibetische und buddistische Studien, Universität Wien, 2004. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb399399086.

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25

Sun, Minyan. "A comparative study of the triadic relation between time, identity and language in the works of Julio Cortázar, Marcelo Cohen and Nāgārjuna." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2018. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/278672.

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While current scholarship acknowledges the influence of Buddhist ideas on Julio Cortázar’s fiction, critical analysis of this element of his work does not often engage in depth with Buddhist thought. Buddhism is frequently characterised as something mystical or mythical when read in relation to the works of Cortázar. This approach leads to an insufficient reading of the highly important notion of the ‘centro’ in Rayuela (1963), whose symbolism, evoking a dynamic equilibrium, may be more successfully explored with closer reference to Buddhist philosophy. The Argentine author Marcelo Cohen has also engaged with Buddhist ideas in his works; his Buda (1990), a biography of the historical Buddha, testifies to this interest. Again, however, this aspect has not received full attention in critical scholarship. Given the importance of the use of negation in Cohen’s literature, comparing Cohen with Buddhist philosophy can enrich our understanding of many aspects of his works, such as his treatment of relationality. I have chosen to compare both Argentine authors with the Indian Buddhist philosopher Nāgārjuna, who is considered the founder of the Madhyamaka school, which is particularly associated with the theory of ‘emptiness’ (‘śūnyatā’). Nāgārjuna’s philosophy is cited directly in Cortázar’s poem ‘Canción de Gautama’ and Cohen’s Buda and informs a number of these writers’ other texts. The main body of the thesis is divided into three sections. These examine the triadic relation between time, identity and language, with each section focusing more on one of these three aspects in turn. The three chapters and three authors will be drawn together to form a new reading of the role of negation.
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Jinpa, Thupten. "Self, reality and reason in Tibetan philosophy : Tsongkhapa's quest for the Middle Way /." London : Routledge Curzon, 2002. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb38800110f.

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Egidy, Holm von [Verfasser]. "Beobachtung der Wirklichkeit : Differenztheorie und die zwei Wahrheiten in der buddhistischen Madhyamika-Philosophie / Holm von Egidy." Heidelberg : Verl. für Systemische Forschung im Carl-Auer-Systeme-Verl, 2004. http://d-nb.info/990111008/34.

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Liang, Wanru. "Long Shu zai "Zhong lun" li suo chan fa de fang fa lun ji zhen li guan = A study of the methodology and the conception of truth as presented in the Mūlamadhyamakakārikā /." click here to view the abstract and table of contents, 1996. http://net3.hkbu.edu.hk/~libres/cgi-bin/thesisab.pl?pdf=b14245425a.pdf.

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Tsen, Lanhui, and 曾蘭惠. "The concept of kāla(time) in Madhyamaka-kārikā." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/09853398852812831813.

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Huang, Ying-Chieh, and 黃英傑. "A Study on Gorampa's Madhyamaka Thought in “The Moon Rays of the Highest Mahayana Core Analytic Views”." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/75880841402144101474.

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博士
華梵大學
東方人文思想研究所
95
Madhyamaka is highly regarded as the ultimate view across all major lineages of Tibetan Buddhism. Prasavgika Madhyamaka, the sub-school of Madhyamka Buddihsm, is perceived by some the only ultimate view in the Gelupa linage since it holds the method of logical consequence (pasavga) and this method appears to be the only valid method of demonstrating the nature of the Two Truths to opponents in debate. Without much debating, most of modern Han-scholars believed that the official philosophy, Prasavgika Madhyamaka in Gelupa, is same as founded by the Indian Buddhist master Candrakīrti. However, holding this belief may be in risk of oversimplifing the truth; in addition, causing misunderstandings The backbone of this thesis is to discuss the debate of Prasavgika Madhyamaka sub-school, developed by the founder of Gelupa lineage – Tsongkhpa. The discussion is based on the book “ The Moon Rays of the Highest Mahayana Core Analytic Views” by Gorampa (1429-1489) of Sakya lineage. Two other books from Gorampa, which are “ Removal of Wrong Views” and “ General Meaning of Madhyamaka”, are also incorporated in this thesis to elaborate Gorampa’s “Free From Extremes Madhyamaka” View, which entails a broader view from Svatantrika and Prasavgika respectively. The aim is to investigate the differences of definition and opinion on Madhyamaka, the specific goal in the Tibetan Buddhism, between Sakya and Gelupa lineages. Furthermore, it means to uncover the underlying meanings of Madhyamaka in a multiple level and to provoke new sorting categories for it. In the first chapter〈Introduction〉,I will introduce the logics for the questions raised and the methods for research. I will also collect and examine all related literatures discussing Madhyamaka in the Tibetan Buddhism to illustrate (why this research is needed and the significance of doing so) the necessity and significance of conducting this research. In Chapter 2〈The Introduction and Development of Madhyamaka in Tibetan Buddhism, the milestones of Madhyamaka development in Indo/Tibetan Buddhism will be discussed in details. The purpose is to emphasize the importance and possibility of dissecting and describing Madhyamaka from various angles. In Chapter 3〈The Biography, Lineage and Philosophy of Sakya lineage and Gorampa〉, I will discuss the academic background and contributions of the Sakya lineage and Gorampa, Gorampa's religious critiques, and his opinions about Tsongkhapa's Madhyamaka Sub-school. In Chapter 4〈Gorampa’s Understanding and Analysis of Tsongkhapa's Madhyamika〉, I will describe Gorampa’s viewpoint and elucidation about Tsongkhapa’s Madhyamaka , through the seven distinguishing features of Tsongkhapa indicated by Gorampa. Also Furthermor, a comparison will be made between afore mentioned technique and Tsongkhapa's eight difficult points of Prasavgika Madhyamaka. In the 5th chapter〈Gorampa’s Opposing Opinions on Tsongkhapa’s Madhyamaka〉, I will discuss how Gorampa criticized the infrastructure, methods of analysis and viewpoints on Tsongkhapa’s Madhyamaka. As well as the descending, differences and features of Madhyamaka between Gorampa and Tsongkhapa. In Chapter 6〈Free From Extremes Madhyamaka Developed By Gorampa〉, I will investigate the features and academic evidences for root, path and results of Madhyamaka school in the Sakya lineage. Chapter 7 is the final and concluding chapter of this thesis.
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Watanabe, Chikafumi. "Bhā-viveka (A.D. c. 490-570)’s Madhyamaka-hṛdaya-kārikā, Tattvajñānaiṣanā, verses 137-266 : an English translation and explanation." Thesis, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/5581.

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The aim of this thesis is an English translation and elucidation of the third chapter, Tattvajnt1naianã, (vv. 137-266 ) of Madhyamaka-hdaya-kãrikt (MHK)of Bhãviveka (A.D. c. 490-570). Bhaviveka was one of the commentators of Madhyamaka-kãrik of Nagarjuna, the founder of the Madhyamika, and, at the same time, was a significant philosopher. MHK is one of Bhãviveka’s most important works. In the MHK, Bhaviveka gives a his own philosophy in chapters 1-3, and thereafter, presents and criticizes Buddhist and non-Buddhist systems opposing Madhyamaka philosophy in chapters 4-9. The Sanskrit text of the third chapter was critically edited and translated into Japanese by Yasunori Ejima. Shotaro lida, also, published a critical Sanskrit edition of verses 1-136 of the same chapter and of the Tibetan text of Madhyamaka-hrdaya-tarkajvala (TJ), a commentary on MHK, corresponding to those verses, and produced an English translation. The main subject of verses 137-256 is “the non-production of all dharmas.” This is also the main subject of Madhyamaka philosophers beginning with Nagarjuna. Many of them tried to explain it by means of their own methods and to examine it from their own viewpoint. Non-production of all dharmas implies the emptiness (unyata) of all entities in our world. The idea of emptiness is, according to the Madhyamikas, basic and very important among the Buddha’s teachings. It can be said that without understanding this idea, no understanding of the philosophy of the Madhyamika is possible. Therefore, I have decided to translate and explain in this thesis Bha-viveka’s views on “non-production of entities.” Nagarjuna, Buddhapalita and Candrakirti used prasañga-anumana in order to clarify the philosophy of emptiness. That is to say, by pointing out the absurdity of the opponent’s opinion, they tried to demonstrate the philosophy of emptiness. In other words, they did not take firm stand on their claims in order to have consensus by other schools. Bhãviveka, on the other hand, was not satisfied with prasaHga-anumana, and tried to clarify the philosophy of emptiness by means of independent syllogism (svatantra-anumãna), including the three modifications: (1) adding of the word paramãrthataz (from the standpoint of the highest truth) to propositions in syllogisms, (2) specification that the negation in syllogisms should be understood as prasajya-pratiedha (the negation of a proposition or the simple negation of a proposition) and (3) the condition that no counter-example (vipaka) is to be given. In other words, he positively demonstrated the philosophy of emptiness by using independent syllogism.
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Komarovski, Yaroslav Lvovich. "Echoes of empty luminosity reevaluation and unique interpretation of Yogācāra and Niḥsvabhāvavāda Madhyamaka by the fifteenth century Tibetan thinker Śākya mchog ldan /." 2007. http://wwwlib.umi.com/dissertations/fullcit/3300245.

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33

Paul, Robert Alan. "The Philosophy and Physics of Relationality and Inherent Nature: ??nyat? and Svabh?va in Madhyamaka Buddhist Philosophy, Western Analytic Metaphysics, Philosophy of Science and Physics." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10222/21733.

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Proponents of Middle Way (Sanskrit: Madhyamaka) Buddhist philosophy argue that all phenomena lack inherent nature. This dissertation provides an analysis of the meaning of inherent nature and the lack of inherent nature in the basic physical character of non-living physical phenomena as indicated by certain interpretations of ancient and contemporary Middle Way Buddhist philosophy, contemporary Western analytic metaphysics, philosophy of science, and physics. The primary intellectual focus in the dissertation is Madhyamaka. I explicate an interpretation of Madhyamaka that is both amenable to discourse and dialogue with the other disciplines, and also consistent with at least some extant Madhyamaka interpretations. The discourse and dialogue with other disciplines results in a revision of some of the arguments of Madhyamaka—specifically making it consistent with modern physics. However, that revision does not deny the foundational view of Madhyamaka that there is no inherent nature in phenomena, but rather supports it within the revised interpretation. Additionally, I also find that this foundational view provides at least heuristic guidance in development of a generic interpretive framework (‘contextualization’ and Physics Pluralism) that I then apply in criticism and revision of some arguments in modern analytic metaphysics and in philosophy of science.That generic interpretive framework is used within this dissertation in examination of Western analytic metaphysics and philosophy of science. While I find independent support for that framework within contemporary philosophy, the framework also reflects an interpretation of Madhyamaka that I develop as a variation of the classic two truths view of Madhyamaka. My interpretation of the classical expression of the two truths is that there is relative existence of inherent nature that may be reflected in our conventions of discourse and habit, while ultimately no inherent nature can be found when the phenomena are analyzed more fully. In my modified interpretation of the two truths that corresponds to modern physics, for some phenomena inherent nature is found within specific (‘local’) contexts of discourse or domains of physics theory applicability, yet when we take a ‘global’ view that acknowledges many domains and relationships between domains we find an ultimate relationality rather than inherent nature.
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Pu, Long-Zuo, and 朴龍祚. "Study of ■ ■ in 《Madhyamdka- ■》." Thesis, 1995. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/38360865262974421365.

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Liu, Ing Shau, and 劉英孝. "Nagarjuna''''''''s Thought Of Madhyamika-Pratityasamutpada." Thesis, 1995. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/62649872089719543403.

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36

Chaturvedi, Ajay Krishna. "Gramin vikas mein jan sanchar madhyamoki bhumika." Thesis, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/2009/3444.

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37

Wu, Wu-zong, and 吳武宗. "A preliminary study on the Madhyamika thought of Tsong-Kha-pa." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/36613567195482183276.

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碩士
南華大學
宗教學研究所
95
Tsong kha pa founded the dGe lugs pa sect in the fifteenth century. dGe lugs pa originated from Tibetan Buddhism and also aggregated bKa’ gdams pa, Sa skya pa, and bKa ’brgyud pa’s theories by developing into the dGe lugs pa sect.     Additionally, during the early years of Tsong kha pa in scholarly Red mda’ ba, Tsong kha pa was influenced under dBu ma pa of MaňjugZri. This experience unlocked the direction of studying the Madhyamika thought. Besides, after studying the Madhyamakavŗtti from Buddhapālita, Tsong kha pa obtained the individual theory of dBu ma’i lta ba. Consequently, Tsong kha pa created the distinctive Madhyamika thought of “dGag gsum gdrub nga”. This theory originated from Nāgārjuna, Āryadeva, Buddhapālita, Bhāvaviveka, and Candrakīti, which particularly emphasize Buddhapālita and Candrakīti. Regarding the Madhyamika thought related works, we can gain an understanding of Tsong kha pa’s earlier publications in the book of “Lam rim chen mo”. When the book of “Dran nes legs bhsad snying po” was published, the“dGag gsum gdrub nga” theory was already listed in the book. With respect to the book “dBu ma rtsa ba’ i tshig le’ur byas pa shes rab ces bya ba’i rnam bshad rigs pa’ i rgya mtsho”, this was formed during prosperous period. Finally, “rNam bshad dgongs pa rab gsal” was formed during the entire fullness period of Tsong kha pa’s Madhyamika thought.     Regarding Tsong kha pa’s efforts, Tibetan Buddhism could still stand firm without vanishing. We can see dGe lugs pa’s spiritualized footage throughout Tibet, Mongolia, China, and India even further to Europe and America
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Thakchoe, Sonam. "A comparative analysis of the two Tibetan Prasangika Madhyamika accounts of the two truths." Thesis, 2002. https://eprints.utas.edu.au/22101/1/whole_ThakchoeSonam2003_thesis.pdf.

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The primary objective of this dissertation is to demonstrate that the Tibetan Prasangika Madhyamika offers at least two radically distinct philosophical and hermeneutic approaches concerning the doctrine of the two truths and to explain the nature of the distinction between those accounts. Given the widespread tendency to construe the Tibetan Prasangika as constituting a single homogeneous system (especially among Theravadin scholars), the dissertation not only has implications for the understanding of the two approaches that are the focus of discussion, but also for the broader understanding of the Tibetan Prasangika in general. The two approaches at issue here are associated with the Tibetan Prasangika thinkers Tsong khapa (A.D. 1357-1423) and Go rampa (A.D. 1429- 1489). The dissertation focuses on a comparative analysis of their conception of the two truths—providing an account of their respective definitions of the two truths, their accounts of the relationship between the two truths, the ontological status of the two truths, the epistemic resources for accessing the two truths, the problems concerning the limits of language and thought as these relate to the notion of ultimate truth, the different modes of realising ultimate truth, and, finally, the nature and possibility of knowledge of the two truths and the implications of such knowledge for the attainment of enlightenment. Through the comparative analysis of Tsong khapa and Go ramp a on these issues, the dissertation demonstrates where, why and how the two Tibetan readings of the original Indian sources exhibit distinct and independent characters.
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Morey. "Madhyamik shikshakaanche vyaktimatva, adhyaapan abhiyogyatha aani parinaamakaarakatha yanchya sambhandancha abhyas." Thesis, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/2009/3647.

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40

Tiwari, Manisha. "Shashakiya uchchatar madhyamik vidhalay ke shikshakoan par sthanantaran ka prabhav." Thesis, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/2009/5427.

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41

Srivastava, Asha. "Madhyamik shishka parishad, Uttar Pradesh ke high school patyakaksha ka moolaykan." Thesis, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/2009/4648.

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42

Chen, Yong-Long, and 陳永龍. "A Discussion on the Standponint of Chi-tsang’s Theory from Fa-fua-tong-lue:is Gearing to“Eternal-reality”or complying with the “Madhyamika”concept." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/25549978744217162631.

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碩士
玄奘大學
宗教學系碩士班
99
In view of the fact that Chi-tsang, who epitomized the thought of the San-lum School, in his later years came into contact with the widely spread thoughts of “one vehicle” in The Lotus Sutra and “buddhatA” in MahA-parinirvANa-sUtra, there are two different point of views regarding to the position of his concept: 1. believe in his thought had already deviated from NAgArjuna’s thought as well as the purpose and aim of the San-lum School and was inclined to the concepts of tathAgata-garbha and Eternal-reality; 2. consider that he still strictly observed by the stand point of his own purpose and aim of prajJA as well as the madhyamika thougt and did not gear to the so called “true-eternalism and mind-only theory”. Because of this, the author attempts to analyze the adduction quotations by Fa-fua-tong-lue directly to clarify the quotations adduced by Chi-tsang in order to confirm the standpoint of his concept. By organizing, inducing and analyzing the quotations from Fa-fua-tong-lue and probing into the concepts, especially the concepts of “saddharma”, “puNDarIka” (analogy of buddhatA), “one vehicle”, “nirvAN”﹐ these terms of Eternal-reality are frequently found in Chi-tsang’s writings, however, the underlying purpose of these concepts are still annotated and explained by the concepts of prajna, emptiness and middle path. Therefore, we did not agree with some particular scholars that Chi-tsang had deviated from his own purpose and aim and collaborated with the ideas of tathAgata-garbha and Eternal-reality.
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Dong, Hui-Zhu, and 董惠珠. "Quantitative Analysis of Translation Styles and Automatic Similar Phrases Identification of the Madhyama-āgama and the Ekottarika-āgama." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/878auq.

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碩士
法鼓文理學院
佛教學系
106
In the Taishō Tripiṭaka, the translators of the Madhyama-āgama (T 26) and the Ekottarika-āgama (T 125) are both attributed to the same person, Gautama Saṅghadeva. So far, no one doubts the translator of the Madhyama-āgama is Gautama Saṅghadeva but there are different opinions among scholars concerning the translator of the Ekottarika-āgama. This study attempts to analyze the translation style of the Madhyama-āgama and the Ekottarika-āgama by quantitative methods, and discuss whether these two collections are the works of a same translator. The research methods are as follows: (1) the variable length n-gram (VL n-gram) is used to split text of T 26 and T 125 into shorter segments, called gram, (2) the grams that are used in more than an arbitrary threshold documents are adopted as “style features”, and (3) applying the principal components analysis (PCA) to the frequency of the style features of T 26 and T 125, the consistency of the translation style of these two collections is analyzed. The results from the statistical analysis show that the translation styles of these two collections are significantly different. In order to further strengthen the analysis results, we manually check the style features of the two collections to look for different phrase but sharing similar meanings in different collections. After the manual comparison, we find many examples indicating that the differences in translation styles between the two collections are indeed affected by the translator’s choice of word. These results again confirm the fact that the Madhyama-āgama and the Ekottarika-āgama are probably not the works of a same translator. Seeing the drawback of manual comparison which required a huge contribution of man-hours, this study also attempts to provide a solution to automatically identify similar phrases in order to reduce the man-hours and improve the research efficiency. We use the longest common subsequence (LCS) as a measurement for the degree of similarity between two phrases. The experimental results show that although the effect of LCS is not as significant, yet it is still a useful method to compare large data of phrases and some computational findings may suggest clues that intrigue further scholastic research.
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Xin), Chang Siaw Yen (Shih Miao, and 曾秀燕(釋妙馨). "The Role of Contemplation of feelings in the Process of Cultivation and Realization of Pure Mind Based on the Madhyama Āgama." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/szbfcb.

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碩士
佛光大學
佛教學系
98
The mind is the basis of bondage and liberation. Therefore, the purification of mind is highly emphasized in Buddhist practices. “Feeling”, which arises conditioned by contact of sense organs and sense objects, is the crucial point that should not be neglected in the practice of purifying the mind. Feeling activates latent tendencies of the mind towards craving, aversion and ignorance. For those who do not establish mindfulness, these powerful sensations may drag them into various emotional reactions and give rise to unwholesome mental factors, such as desire, anger, ignorance and so forth. Feeling is the key to deciding both the defilement and the purity of the mind. The purification of the mind can be achieved at the point of feeling. This thesis attempts to study one of the four foundations of mindfulness-the contemplation of feelings to explore its role in the process of cultivation and realization of pure mind. It is hoped that the study of the Āgama Sutras, with emphasis on the Madhyama Āgama, which is the earliest Buddhist text reflecting the teachings of Buddha in early Buddhism, will further a deeper understanding of the pure mind. Additionally, this research was carried out in hopes of clarifying how the theoretical provides the method for the actual practice of contemplation of feelings in the process of cultivation and realization of pure mind.
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