Journal articles: 'Magahi language'

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KUMAR, CHANDAN. "NP/DP Parameter and Classifier Languages: A Case of Magahi." Journal of Indian and Asian Studies 01, no. 01 (January 2020): 2050005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2717541320500059.

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The paper presents the structural evidence for the existence of DP in the article-less language, Magahi. Article-less languages can be divided into two types: class languages and non-class languages. Most of the debate surrounding the treatment of article-less languages as DP/NP languages see only the binary distinction (article and non-article languages). In this paper, it is argued that the class-languages present richer structural evidences for the presence of the functional projection above NP. Along with presenting few structural evidences against the generalization presented by Bošković (2005), language-independent motivation for the functional projection like DP is also discussed. It is also argued that merit of the projection of the DP is also semantically justified. The argument that there can be various functional projections in the extended projection of NP weakens the strongest claim that article-less languages lack DP.

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Alok, Deepak. "The Morphosyntax of Magahi Addressee Agreement." Syntax 24, no. 3 (April 25, 2021): 263–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/synt.12213.

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Kumar, Chandan. "Multiple Determiners in Magahi: A Case Beyond Agreement." Indian Journal of Language and Linguistics 3, no. 1 (March 30, 2022): 32–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.54392/ijll2213.

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The paper proposes that Magahi, a modern Indo-Aryan language, presents the phenomenon of multiple determiners in the syntax of modification and argues that the phenomenon is not a simple case of agreement in definiteness in the noun phrase whereby the additional determiner carries a similar semantic feature. I present examples that contest the possibility of it as a case of concord or agree. For the semantic motivation of the phenomenon, following Plank (2003) & Kumar (2020), the paper claims that the definite determiner /-wa/ in Magahi is not an exclusively dedicated definiteness morpheme, and therefore, the language needs an additional linguistic element. I claim that the additional determiner weakens the definiteness of the definite determiner /-wa/, creating a projection problem in the overall referentiality of the NP. By further describing the individual semantics of the determiner on the noun and the adjective, the paper claims that the determiner on the adjective exudes the semantics of specificity that can co-occur with the numeral. However, the determiner on the noun has the semantics of familiarity or identifiability. The paper further provides an exhaustive account of semantic and structural description and motivation of the phenomenon.

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Mundotiya, Rajesh Kumar, Manish Kumar Singh, Rahul Kapur, Swasti Mishra, and Anil Kumar Singh. "Linguistic Resources for Bhojpuri, Magahi, and Maithili: Statistics about Them, Their Similarity Estimates, and Baselines for Three Applications." ACM Transactions on Asian and Low-Resource Language Information Processing 20, no. 6 (November 30, 2021): 1–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3458250.

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Corpus preparation for low-resource languages and for development of human language technology to analyze or computationally process them is a laborious task, primarily due to the unavailability of expert linguists who are native speakers of these languages and also due to the time and resources required. Bhojpuri, Magahi, and Maithili, languages of the Purvanchal region of India (in the north-eastern parts), are low-resource languages belonging to the Indo-Aryan (or Indic) family. They are closely related to Hindi, which is a relatively high-resource language, which is why we compare them with Hindi. We collected corpora for these three languages from various sources and cleaned them to the extent possible, without changing the data in them. The text belongs to different domains and genres. We calculated some basic statistical measures for these corpora at character, word, syllable, and morpheme levels. These corpora were also annotated with parts-of-speech (POS) and chunk tags. The basic statistical measures were both absolute and relative and were expected to indicate linguistic properties, such as morphological, lexical, phonological, and syntactic complexities (or richness). The results were compared with a standard Hindi corpus. For most of the measures, we tried to match the corpus size across the languages to avoid the effect of corpus size, but in some cases it turned out that using the full corpus was better, even if sizes were very different. Although the results are not very clear, we tried to draw some conclusions about the languages and the corpora. For POS tagging and chunking, the BIS tagset was used to manually annotate the data. The POS-tagged data sizes are 16,067, 14,669, and 12,310 sentences, respectively, for Bhojpuri, Magahi, and Maithili. The sizes for chunking are 9,695 and 1,954 sentences for Bhojpuri and Maithili, respectively. The inter-annotator agreement for these annotations, using Cohen’s Kappa, was 0.92, 0.64, and 0.74, respectively, for the three languages. These (annotated) corpora have been used for developing preliminary automated tools, which include POS tagger, Chunker, and Language Identifier. We have also developed the Bilingual dictionary (Purvanchal languages to Hindi) and a Synset (that can be integrated later in the Indo-WordNet) as additional resources. The main contribution of the work is the creation of basic resources for facilitating further language processing research for these languages, providing some quantitative measures about them and their similarities among themselves and with Hindi. For similarities, we use a somewhat novel measure of language similarity based on an n-gram-based language identification algorithm. An additional contribution is providing baselines for three basic NLP applications (POS tagging, chunking, and language identification) for these closely related languages.

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K.C., Ganga. "Maghi: The Festival Among The Tharus: Celebration of New Year." Patan Pragya 5, no. 1 (September 30, 2019): 84–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/pragya.v5i1.30440.

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Nepal incorporates diversity of caste, ethnicity, language, social structure, culture and religion, among which Tharus are one of the indigenous groups of the Tarai and inner Tarai region of the country. The study is dedicated to explore the practice and process of celebrating Maghi as Tharunew year. This study has been conducted by employing both exploratory and descriptive research design. The data of the present article are based on published articles and books and on interviews with the elders of the Dangaura Tharus, ritual performers and educated persons of the community. This study represents the distinct socio-cultural structure and ethnic practice of Dangaura Tharu. Indigenous festivals are significant in anthropological research. So it helps to add specific knowledge about Maghi, the indigenous festival of Tharu people. But the central aspect of the celebration of Maghi is in the verge of gradual change. Because those characters which are not suitable for today is going to be abolished and those that are suitable are carried on continuously. Some factors that are core components cannot be changed and it is continuous even though they do not bear any meaning but continue in the respect of their fore ancestors.

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Muzraeva, Delyash N. "Некоторые вопросы исследования сочинения «Sumagadha-avadāna» в отечественном и зарубежном востоковедении (на материале «Легенды о Сайн Магаде» из Монгольского Ганджура)." Oriental studies 15, no. 4 (November 15, 2022): 731–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.22162/2619-0990-2022-62-4-731-739.

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Introduction. The Sumagadha-Avadāna (‘Avadāna of Sumagadha’) is often mentioned in Oriental studies, including works on the history of classical Mongolian literature examining writings of Indo-Tibetan origin. This text is included in both the Tibetan- and Mongolian-language canonical Kangyur (Kanjur) editions. Despite frequent references, the former has neither been translated into Russian, nor there are any descriptions of its structure and content. Goals. So, the article attempts to fill the gap and aims at considering the narrative about Sayin Magada through the analysis of The Legend of Sayin Magada (Mong. Sayin Magada-yin domuγ), the latter being integral to the canonical collection of Kanjur in Mongolian. The work explores the text, describes its genre characteristics, identifies its structure, reveals contents, and investigates data contained in the colophon. Materials. The study focuses on the text titled ‘Sayin Magada-yin domuγ-i ögülegči kemekü’ (‘[Sutra] Narrating the Legend of Sayin Magada’) from the Eldeb (‘Collection of Sutras’) section of the Mongolian Kanjur (vol. 91). Results. The textual and content analysis of works by Tibetologists, Mongolists, and Sinologists dealing with writings of the avadāna genre included in the canon makes it possible to reveal key characteristics of the genre, describe the structure of the Mongolian text, and outline its content.

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Muzraeva, Delyash N. "Некоторые вопросы исследования сочинения «Sumagadha-avadāna» в отечественном и зарубежном востоковедении (на материале «Легенды о Сайн Магаде» из Монгольского Ганджура)." Oriental studies 15, no. 4 (November 15, 2022): 731–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.22162/2619-0990-2022-61-4-731-739.

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Introduction. The Sumagadha-Avadāna (‘Avadāna of Sumagadha’) is often mentioned in Oriental studies, including works on the history of classical Mongolian literature examining writings of Indo-Tibetan origin. This text is included in both the Tibetan- and Mongolian-language canonical Kangyur (Kanjur) editions. Despite frequent references, the former has neither been translated into Russian, nor there are any descriptions of its structure and content. Goals. So, the article attempts to fill the gap and aims at considering the narrative about Sayin Magada through the analysis of The Legend of Sayin Magada (Mong. Sayin Magada-yin domuγ), the latter being integral to the canonical collection of Kanjur in Mongolian. The work explores the text, describes its genre characteristics, identifies its structure, reveals contents, and investigates data contained in the colophon. Materials. The study focuses on the text titled ‘Sayin Magada-yin domuγ-i ögülegči kemekü’ (‘[Sutra] Narrating the Legend of Sayin Magada’) from the Eldeb (‘Collection of Sutras’) section of the Mongolian Kanjur (vol. 91). Results. The textual and content analysis of works by Tibetologists, Mongolists, and Sinologists dealing with writings of the avadāna genre included in the canon makes it possible to reveal key characteristics of the genre, describe the structure of the Mongolian text, and outline its content.

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Buysse, L. "Magali Paquot: Academic Vocabulary in Learner Writing. From Extraction to Analysis." Applied Linguistics 32, no. 3 (April 22, 2011): 356–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/applin/amr012.

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Cases Berbel, Elke, and Paola Nieto García. "Ejercicios de activación en clases de traducción inversa." mAGAzin Revista intercultural e interdisciplinar, no. 28 (2020): 35–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.12795/magazin.2020.i28.03.

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En muchas ocasiones no se presta suficiente atención a la realidad de la traducción inversa en el mercado profesional de la traducción. A la luz de esta situación, nuestra investigación recoge datos sobre el mercado de la traducción inversa en general y de la traducción hacia el alemán en España en particular. Tras la recopilación de estos datos queda patente la necesidad de la asignatura de traducción inversa en los planes de estudio españoles. Además, como docentes universitarios, debemos ofrecer a nuestros discentes herramientas para poder enfrentarse a esta combinación sin temor ni ansiedad. Para ello proponemos una serie de ejercicios de activación que, en principio, se usan únicamente en clases de alemán para extranjeros, pero que, adaptados a las necesidades de los estudiantes de traducción, les permiten ser conscientes de sus debilidades y, de esta manera, corregir las lagunas gramaticales y estructurales que pudieran presentar. Nuestro objetivo es abrir una puerta a la didactización de la asignatura de traducción inversa, a la vez que dar seguridad y motivación a los discentes. Tras la puesta en práctica de estos ejercicios en dos asignaturas de traducción inversa en centros distintos, vemos resultados positivos que demuestran que estos ejercicios se vuelven básicos para la activación del alemán y de las estrategias de traducción en nuestros aprendientes

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Koreneva Antonova, Olga. "Aprendizaje corporeizado de la lengua alemana: metodología docente para traductores e intérpretes." mAGAzin Revista intercultural e interdisciplinar, no. 28 (2020): 59–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.12795/magazin.2020.i28.05.

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Las Ciencias Cognitivas experimentales muestran importantes progresos en cuanto al funcionamiento de los mecanismos de la adquisición de conocimiento y de la memoria. Esos avances deben ser considerados en la carrera de Traducción e Interpretación, ya que la profesión de traductor o intérprete no solo requiere una buena fluidez lingüística, sino también competencias cognitivas específicas muy desarrolladas. Así, numerosos estudios neuro y psicolingüísticos demuestran que las habilidades de la memoria de trabajo y del control ejecutivo interlingüístico, tan imprescindibles para la labor de traducción/interpretación que comprende el balanceo entre dos lenguas, son susceptibles a su entrenamiento mediante prácticas tempranas. Igualmente, existen progresos significativos en el conocimiento sobre otras competencias necesarias para esta labor, como pueden ser la fluidez conceptual, la competencia metafórica o la práctica de discurso en público, entre otras. El presente trabajo describe una experiencia de la didáctica del alemán para futuros traductores o intérpretes que integra los avances de las Ciencias Cognitivas experimentales. Se trata del entrenamiento de las competencias traductoras desde la fase inicial del aprendizaje del alemán, lo que convierte los estudios de Traducción e Interpretación en una experiencia empírica y corporeizada motivadora tanto para los alumnos como para los docentes.

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Magaldi, Nuria, and Antonio Bueno Armijo. "Presentación." DOCENCIA Y DERECHO, no. 21 (June 1, 2023): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.21071/redd.vi21.17373.

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Presentación del número 21 de la Revista Docencia y Derecho. Monográfico coordinado por Nuria Magaldi y Antonio Bueno Armijo, Profesores Titulares de Derecho Administrativo de la Universidad de Córdoba y directores del International Colloquium on Higher Education in Foreign Languages in Law and Political Sciences.

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M, Ahmed Omar Emma, and Abdul Malik Ali J. "تعليم مبادئ اللغة العربية والد ا رسات الإسلامية في المرحلة الابتدائية تحديات وحلول: منطقة زمف ا ر الشمالية أنموذجا." Yandoto Academic Journal of Arabic Language and Literature 6, no. 01 (December 30, 2022): 78–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.36349/yajoall.2022.v06i01.006.

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This article sheds more light on the teaching of Arabic Language and basis Islamic Studies in zamfara north primary Schools, (Both Islamiyyah & Boko) citing and explaining the challenges and problems faced by these two Important subject in our dear senatorial zone (Zamfara North) which accumulate K/Namoda B/Magaji Shinkafi Zurmi, as a model in formulating these challenges and trying to seek successful solution for them. As well as the article pays attention to the state of Islamic and Arabic Education before and after the Western Colonialism in Nigeria, and then presents those challenges that hinder the progress of Arabic Language and basics Islamic Studies in our area, and how it was infiltrated in the curriculum and methods of teaching Arabic and Islamic studies in this stage, furthermore the articles find out that the problems and challenges which the two subject are facing were occurs by negligence of some teachers parent as well as students themselves, at the end; conclusion, recommendations and end note were mentioned.

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Deilen, Silvana, Silvia Hansen-Schirra, and Christiane Maaß. "Anwendbarkeit der ISO 17100 auf intralinguales Übersetzen in Leichte und Einfache Sprache." mAGAzin Revista intercultural e interdisciplinar, no. 27 (2019): 43–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.12795/magazin.2019.i27.03.

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Nach dem aktuellen Stand des Behindertengleichstellungsgesetzes (BGG, 2018) sollen Kommunikationen in Leichter und Einfacher Sprache zugänglich gemacht werden. Diese Tätigkeiten sind im Bereich der intralingualen Übersetzung angesiedelt, die ihrerseits Teil der kommunikativen Barrierefreiheit sind. Es stellt sich mithin die Frage, inwiefern Instrumente und Prozesse der Qualitätssicherung und -optimierung, wie sie sich für die interlinguale Übersetzung bewährt haben, auf die intralinguale Übersetzung in Leichte und Einfache Sprache anwenden lassen. Im vorliegenden Beitrag gehen wir dieser Frage insbesondere mit Blick auf die ISO 17100 nach, die den Standard für Übersetzungsdienstleister definiert und Übersetzungsqualität über die Prozessqualität definiert.

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Kienberger, Martina. "Nuevas voces para el recuerdo – Literarisches Übersetzen als interdisziplinäres Projekt." mAGAzin Revista intercultural e interdisciplinar, no. 26 (2018): 6–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.12795/magazin.2018.01.

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Literary translation presents an interesting challenge for both students of German and translation studies. This article shows how the transfer of literary texts from one language to another can be used in different courses, pursuing different objectives (language analysis, literary didactics, etc.) and how it creates an occasion for interdisciplinary project-related work. Based on the project Nuevas voces para el recuerdo, in which students of German philology and translation in Salamanca made their versions of the poem wien: heldenplatz by Ernst Jandl, the objectives, working methods and products of the cross-faculty translation work are presented.

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Gajić, Zlatomir. "The printed magazine XZ edited by Petar Luković: Popular culture as a means of political struggle." Zbornik Akademije umetnosti, no. 11 (2023): 222–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/zbaku2311222g.

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In the 20th century, specialized printed newspaper editions dedicated to popular culture and rock and roll typically covered events through announcements, news and critical reviews. Alongside their Anglo-Saxon counterparts, these magazines were also highly popular in the SFRY (Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia). The tradition of rock magazines in the Serbian language (Ritam, Džuboks, Rock...) paved the way for the launch of the XZ magazine, edited by Petar Luković. Published monthly in Belgrade from 1996 to 1999, XZ effectively built upon previous experiences related to popular culture, consistently adopting a critical approach in two main directions: the evaluation of artistic products and the criticism of socio-political realities. The core tool of the authors' political struggle against an authoritarian regime in a war environment and an economically troubled state was their incisive social commentaries, often presented in the form of music album reviews. Utilizing media content analysis, this paper aims to confirm the value of the XZ magazine as a successful product of rock journalism, actively engaging in addressing major societal issues in the former SFRY.

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Giovanna Tassinari, Maria. "Alentando la autonomía en la educación superior: modelo de un centro de autoaprendizaje." mAGAzin Revista intercultural e interdisciplinar, no. 26 (2018): 28–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.12795/magazin.2018.04.

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Implementing autonomy in language learning and teaching in most institutional contexts is still, even after decades of research and practice, a challenge for teachers and learners. Facing these challenges may be easier, if this is done not in isolation, but rather as part of a learning and teaching community. My experience at the Centre for Independent Language Learning (CILL) at the Language Centre of the Freie Universität Berlin is that the first step towards implementing autonomy is encouraging it while building a community of practice. For teachers, a community of practice means the opportunity to discuss their understanding of autonomy, to share and reflect experiences, to develop common strategies both for teaching and for addressing the administration, if need be. An even better opportunity to build a learning culture based on autonomy is to support teachers and learners to exchange their perspectives and cooperate towards a common understanding of (more) autonomous teaching and learning. One of the aims of the CILL is to create opportunities for such an exchange, involving student assistants and teachers to reflect on the provision of the CILL and to help to further develop it.

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Paras Duhan. "Origin of Brahmi Script from Logographic Elements: An Analysis." Integrated Journal for Research in Arts and Humanities 2, no. 5 (September 5, 2022): 18–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.55544/ijrah.2.5.4.

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When it comes to language and literature, the richness of a culture can only be comprehended via reading and listening. Brahmi is believed to have been responsible for the script of all northern Indian languages except for Urdu. The result of a lengthy and tedious process. There are currently over 200 different languages and dialects spoken throughout India. Some are extensively employed, while others are only found in a single location of the country or planet. Only twenty-two of these amendments has made it into the text of our country's founding constitution. In addition to Braj Bhasha, Avadhi who is spoken in the Oudh region, Bhojpuri, Magadhi, and Maithili which is spoken in Mithila, Rajasthani who is spoken in Rajasthan, and Khadi Boli which is spoken around Delhi. A substantial number of people speak Hindi in its various forms. Another script, known as Brahmi, was also established in the region during this period and was used throughout India and the rest of South Asia at the same time. Even though historians, archaeologists, and epigraphists have been interested in Brahmi Script for centuries, the script's varied forms, structures, and typographical peculiarities as an alphabet have been mostly overlooked and never examined. Within the scope of this paper, we shall look at the origins of the Brahmi script as a type of logography. Historical appreciation for the distinct anatomical symmetry and phonetic logic of the Brahmi script exists. This has led some outsiders to think that it is an import, yet a consensus has developed over time. "Brahmi" is no longer thought to be a stolen script, but rather an Indigenous one that developed over time. Brahmi is a typographic entity that is basic yet graceful, bold yet lyric, distinct yet easy to recall, symmetrical with decent legibility even when scaled-down, and generally easy to recognise when touched on with closed eyes as a typographic entity. Brahmi is a typeface with a wide range of distinct features. This study investigates the history of the Brahmi script as a logographic element.

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Gilliot, Claude, and Abdel-Magid Turki. "Kitab al-Gami' fi s-sunan wa l-adab wa l-hikam wa l-magazi wa gayr dalika." Studia Islamica, no. 75 (1992): 190. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1595631.

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Okuhata, Yutaka. "Inheriting the “Unfinished Business”: An Introductory Study of the Dictator Novel Set in Africa." East-West Cultural Passage 22, no. 2 (December 1, 2022): 87–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ewcp-2022-0017.

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Abstract Whereas so-called dictator fiction in Latin America is already established as a significant literary subgenre, it is only recently that an increasing number of studies have started to deal with its counterpart set in Africa. In fact, both inside and outside the postcolonial African continent, dictator novels have been written in several languages, including English, French, Arabic, and Kikuyu. One of the most outstanding achievements among recent studies of this kind of fiction is Magali Armillas-Tiseyra’s The Dictator Novel: Writers and Politics in the Global South (2019), which examines dictator novels in two different regions – Africa and Latin America – by using the keyword “Global South” to connect them with each other. After taking a genealogical overview of some dictator novels by both African and non-African authors, the present essay will critically investigate Armillas-Tiseyra’s argument in order to reconsider fictional African dictators depicted in contemporary novels, especially those written in English, from a global and transborder perspective. The aim of this essay is to clarify both the challenges and prospects of the current studies of this literary subgenre in/about Africa.

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Pereyra, Soledad. "Intimidad, emoción y activismo político en el teatro posmigrante de Sasha Marianna Salzmann." mAGAzin Revista intercultural e interdisciplinar, no. 26 (2018): 14–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.12795/magazin.2018.02.

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As Pavis (2016) argues, intimacy has resurfaced under different forms and names in current theater. This article makes a general introduction to posmigrant theatre in Germany, breaks down some of these forms of intimacy and emotion in theatre studies, and then analyzes its presence and articulation in the monologues of two works by german-language playwright Sasha Marianna Salzmann (n.1985): Muttersprache Mameloschn (2013) and Meteoriten (2016). The examination of the monologues of Salzmann -who is one of the representatives of the so-called German Postmigrant Theatre- exhibits that intimacy in their works is not only about reversing the representational economy of the minorities in a multicultural society. The use of emotion in her theatre abandons its traditional association with the “pathos” and the “Impossibility of Acting” (DidiHuberman, 2013:26), and represents a form of political activism, which builds theatre as the smallest cell of a fairer society (Salzmann 2015).

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Shea, Mark. "INTERNATIONAL CORPUS OF LEARNER ENGLISH: VERSION 2. Sylvaine Granger, Estelle Dagneaux, Fanny Meunier, and Magali Paquot (Eds.). Louvain-La-Neuve, France: Presses Universitaires de Louvain, 2009. Pp. 223." Studies in Second Language Acquisition 33, no. 1 (February 21, 2011): 140–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0272263110000641.

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Setiawan, Ida Bagus Putra. "Social and Moral Guidance of Balinese Life in Kakawin Niti Sastra." Bali Tourism Journal 7, no. 1 (March 15, 2023): 10–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.36675/btj.v7i1.87.

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Estimated to be written in 350 B.C. In the Magada Kingdom of India, Niti Sastra is one of the knowledge references that gives readers an overview of leadership and management. In Bali, the script is better known as Kakawin Niti Sastra. Kakawin is poetry written in the Kawi language, an extinct old Javanese language. Niti Sastra is the Sanskrit term for "science of morality," and it refers to the study of how to uphold Dharma or morality in one's conduct and in all of life. Politics and leadership are generally discussed in academia, as per Niti Sastra. After that, it gives a general summary of how the teachings of the Niti Sastra relate to those of other Hindu texts and goes on to describe the Ramayana and Mahabharata Epics in more detail. However, a closer look reveals that Niti Sastra also further documents and outlines social communication processes. Ideas given in the Kekawin Niti Sastra, particularly those pertaining to the arena of social life, have universal values, as evidenced by the presentation of several examples, even in a nation that no longer has a feudal administration system and its socioeconomic conditions. These principles, which are founded on Hinduism, still hold true. Thus, the Niti Sastra Book might be a good resource for academics looking to gain a deeper understanding, particularly about the application of moral principles to daily life.

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Peikrishvili, Jujuna. "Vin nacvalsaxelis mravlobiti ricxvis sakitxisatvis tanamedrove kartulshi /ვინ ნაცვალსახელის მრავლობითი რიცხვის საკითხისათვის თანამედროვე ქართულში [On the Issue of the Plural Form of the Pronoun ‘vin’ (‘who’) in Modern Georgian]." Kartveluri Memk'vidreoba [Kartvelian Heritage] 25, no. 25-1 (December 1, 2021): 289–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.54635/tpks.2022.18putk.

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The pronoun ‘vin’ (‘who’) is an ancient lexical item. It has neither a complete paradigm of declension nor a category of number; abundance can be expressed by doubling the stem: vin movida? – vin da vin movidnen? (tamari da nino movidnen) (Who came? – Who and who came? (Tamar and Nino came). From the 19th century, the –‘eb’ form of the pronoun ‘vin’ – ‘vinebi’ (‘whos’) emerges in the mountainous dialects of the Georgian language, as “ an attempt to create a plural form’’ of the ‘vin’ pronoun (A. Shanidze). From the following period, ‘vinebi’ (the ‘whos’) spread to other dialects, in general, to the Georgian language, and here and there even in fiction. Today it is especially noticeable in the speech of young people and children. It seems that the media, social network, and other means of communication also contribute to this process. In our opinion, the basis for the emergence and further spread of the ‘vinebi’ can be: 1. The need for formal agreement (apart from the semantic one) of the pronoun ‘vin’ (‘vints’) (who ([the one] who) with the verb and the corresponding word (vin iq’o stumari -vin iq’o stumrebi>vin iq’vnen stumrebi || vin da vin iq’vnen stumrebi || vinebi iq’vnen stumrebi) (Who was the guest – Who was the guests > Who were the guests || Who and who were the guests || Whos were the guests); 2. The analogy of the production of other pronouns formed with the suffix -eb (ra - ra-n-i, ra da ra || raebi. (‘what’) Cf. vin-vin and vin || vinebi (‘who’); also dialect forms: amaebi, magaebi, magnebi, agenebi, eseebi, isebi/isnebi… (these/those); 3. The general regularity of a language involves giving more space to organic production compared to the descriptive one and facilitating the pronunciation, etc. (ra da ra moitkhoves? vin da vin ts’avidnen? Cf. raebi moitkhoves? vinebi ts’avidnen?). (What and what did they demand? Who and who went? Cf. What did they demand? Who left?). The form ‘vinebi’ (‘whos’) which is incorrect for the literary language is a new reality. Its future will probably be determined by the language itself. საკვანძო სიტყვები: ქართული ენის მორფოლოგია, ნაცვალსახელის წარმოება, ნაცვალსახელის მრავლობითი რიცხვის გამოხატვა. Keywords: Morphology of the Georgian language, pronoun formation, expressing plural in pronouns.

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Carruthers, Leo. "Histoires des Bretagnes , t. 5, En marge , éd. Hélène Bouget , Magali Coumert , coll. Gary German , Hélène Tétrel , Brest, Centre de Recherche Bretonne et Celtique–Université de Bretagne Occidentale, 2015 ; 1 vol., 349 p. ISBN : 979-10-92331-21-9. Prix : € 22,00." Le Moyen Age Tome CXXII, no. 3 (July 7, 2017): I. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/rma.223.0701a.

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Guidot, Bernard. "Magali Janet , L’Idéologie incarnée. Représentations du corps dans le premier cycle de la croisade ( Chanson d’Antioche, Chanson de Jérusalem, Chétifs ), Paris, Champion, 2013 ; 1 vol., 585 p. ( Nouvelle bibliothèque du Moyen Âge , 110). ISBN : 978-2-7453-2667-6. Prix : € 90,00." Le Moyen Age Tome CXX, no. 2 (November 6, 2014): XXXIII. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/rma.202.0481zg.

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Aliyu, Chika Umar. "National Seminar on Muslims and Islamic Scholarship in Twentieth Century Nigeria." American Journal of Islam and Society 12, no. 1 (April 1, 1995): 137–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.35632/ajis.v12i1.2401.

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This seminar was organized by the Center for Islamic Studies (CIS),Usmanu Danfodiyo University (UDU), Sokoto, Nigeria. Many importantpersonalities and academics of merit attended. The main theme wasdivided into seven subthemes: Islamic scholarship in modem Nigeria, intellectualcontributions of notable Muslim scholars, Muslim relationswith non-Muslims, Muslim religious groups and national unity, the influenceof foreign Muslims on Muslims in Nigeria, contemporary innovation(bidah) and the challenge of Islam, and Muslims and religiouspractices.Twenty-two papers were presented. During the opening ceremony,speeches were made by Zayyanu Abdullahi (vice-chancellor of UsmanuDanfodiyo University) and Sambo W. Junaid (director, Center of IslamicStudies, Usmanu Danfodiyo University). The paper by Colonel YakubuMu’azu (governor of Sokoto State) was delivered by his representative,Muhammad Lawa Maude (commissioner for works, housing, and environment).The representative of Alhaji Ibrahim Dasuki (sultan of Sokoto)Magajin Rafi of Sokoto also attended the opening ceremony.In the first session, M. G. Maitafsir (Faculty of Education, UDU) presented“Islamic Scholarship in Nigeria Today: A Way Forward.” He discussedthe problem facing Islamic scholarship and offered solutions. BelloD. Bada (Department of Modem European Languages, UDU), speakingon “The Role of Hausa Proverbs in the Propagation of Islam in Nigeria,”explained how some Hausa proverbs containing codes of “do’s” and“don’t’s” similar to Islam help to establish the Islamic faith and practices.Habib al Hassan (Translation Bureau UNESCO, UDU), in his “TheKnowledge of HisLsb and Its Teachers in Hausaland (1900-1914),” pointedout that many Nigerian scholars specialize in this area. In a similar paper,“How Hisab is Performed in Hausaland (1900-1914),” he showed throughfigures and illustrations how mathematics is mixed with magic to find certainhidden facts and to perform certain good or bad actions ...

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Graceffa, Agnès. "Histoires des Bretagnes , t. 4, Conservateurs de la mémoire , éd. Hélène Bouget , Amaury Chauou , Cédric Jeanneau , Jean-Christophe Cassard †, Magali Coumert , Gary German , Hélène Tétrel , Brest, Centre de Recherche Bretonne et Celtique–Université de Bretagne Occidentale, 2013 ; 1 vol., 301 p. ISBN : 978-2-90173798-8. Prix : € 19,00." Le Moyen Age Tome CXX, no. 2 (November 6, 2014): LXV. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/rma.202.0481zzm.

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Paudyal, Netra P., and John Peterson. "How one language became four: the impact of different contact-scenarios between “Sadani” and the tribal languages of Jharkhand." Journal of South Asian Languages and Linguistics, May 4, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jsall-2021-2028.

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Abstract Four Indo-Aryan linguistic varieties are spoken in the state of Jharkhand in eastern central India, Sadri/Nagpuri, Khortha, Kurmali and Panchparganiya, which are considered by most linguists to be dialects of other, larger languages of the region, such as Bhojpuri, Magahi and Maithili, although their speakers consider them to be four distinct but closely related languages, collectively referred to as “Sadani”. In the present paper, we first make use of the program COG by the Summer Institute of Linguistics (SIL) to show that these four varieties do indeed form a distinct, compact genealogical group within the Magadhan language group of Indo-Aryan. We then go on to argue that the traditional classification of these languages as dialects of other languages appears to be based on morphosyntactic differences between these four languages and similarities with their larger neighbors such as Bhojpuri and Magahi, differences which have arisen due to the different contact situations in which they are found.

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Mundotiya, Rajesh Kumar, Shantanu Kumar, Ajeet kumar, Umesh Chandra Chaudhary, Supriya Chauhan, Swasti Mishra, Praveen Gatla, and Anil Kumar Singh. "Development of a Dataset and a Deep Learning Baseline Named Entity Recognizer for Three Low Resource Languages: Bhojpuri, Maithili and Magahi." ACM Transactions on Asian and Low-Resource Language Information Processing, July 18, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3533428.

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In Natural Language Processing (NLP) pipelines, Named Entity Recognition (NER) is one of the preliminary problems, which marks proper nouns and other named entities such as Location, Person, Organization, Disease etc. Such entities, without an NER module, adversely affect the performance of a machine translation system. NER helps in overcoming this problem by recognising and handling such entities separately, although it can be useful in Information Extraction systems also. Bhojpuri, Maithili and Magahi are low resource languages, usually known as Purvanchal languages. This paper focuses on the development of an NER benchmark dataset for Machine Translation systems developed to translate from these languages to Hindi by annotating parts of the available corpora with named entities. Bhojpuri, Maithili and Magahi corpora of sizes 228373, 157468 and 56190 tokens, respectively, were annotated using 22 entity labels. The annotation considers coarse-grained annotation labels followed by the tagset used in one of the Hindi NER datasets. We also report a Deep Learning baseline that uses an LSTM-CNNs-CRF model. The lower baseline F 1 -scores from the NER tool obtained by using Conditional Random Fields models are 70.56% for Bhojpuri, 73.19% for Maithili and 84.18% for Magahi. The Deep Learning-based technique (LSTM-CNNs-CRF) achieved 61.41% for Bhojpuri, 71.38% for Maithili and 86.39% for Magahi. As the results show, LSTM-CNNs-CRF fails to outperform the lower baseline in the case of Bhojpuri and Maithili, which have more data in terms of the number of tokens, but not in terms of the number of named entities. However, the cross-lingual model training of LSTM-CNNs-CRF for Bhojpuri and Maithili performed better than the CRF.

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ATREYA, Lata, and Sweta SINHA. "PHONOLOGICAL AND FUNCTIONAL ANALYSIS OF DIMINUTIVE MARKER -WAA IN MAGAHI." Dialectologia, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1344/dialectologia2019.24.3.

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Diminutives are universal linguistic features generally affixed to a root and modified to convey a slighter degree of its root meaning along with a range of possible meanings that get attached to them like conveying intimacy or endearment, smallness of the object, inferiority in quality, gender largely feminine and so on. Languages have diminutives to convey all or some of the meanings listed above. In many languages, formation of diminutives by adding suffixes is a productive process. In Magahi (an Indo Aryan language) too diminutives are suffixes that are attached to the root modifying its meaning to serve a range of grammatical functions. Of all the diminutives in Magahi -waa seems to be the most frequent and dynamic because of its allomorphs. Interestingly, the investigation of the underlying phonological processes helps one to understand the accommodating and the dynamic nature of this suffix with regards to its grammaticalization.

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Kumar, Chandan. "Echo Construction and Ad hoc Categories: Semantics of Group Reference in Magahi." Rupkatha Journal on Interdisciplinary Studies in Humanities 15, no. 2 (July 27, 2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.21659/rupkatha.v15n2.22.

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Recent studies in the domain of heterogeneous plural indicate homogeneous and heterogeneous categories as two separate functional mechanisms. Given the strategic usage of language, the paper locates the pluralizing strategies in speech context and investigates their interpretive nature from the perspective of (non)/restrictive parametric features of categories like associative (APL), similative (SPL) and definite plural in Magahi (ISO639-2 mag), an Indo-Aryan language. Focusing on variables within members of the ad hoc set over the speech act variables like context, intersubjectivity, and culture, the paper endeavours to perceive pluralizing as a strategic approach that extends beyond the realm of mere a number reference. It closely observes the phenomenon of homogeneous and heterogeneous plurality and makes the following claims: (a) echo construction functions as heterogeneous plural in Magahi, (b) the heterogeneous plural falls within the parametric feature of nominal plurality, (c) there is heterogeneity in the homogeneous sets, thus, pluralizing is beyond plural, (d) SPL and APL are two categories because of their interpretational differences and not because of operational, and (e) APLs can have describable references.

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Masini, Francesca, and Paola Pietrandrea. "Magari." Cognitive Linguistics 21, no. 1 (January 2010). http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cogl.2010.003.

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Mundotiya, Rajesh Kumar, Swasti Mishra, and Anil Kumar Singh. "Hierarchical self attention based sequential labelling model for Bhojpuri, Maithili and Magahi languages." Journal of King Saud University - Computer and Information Sciences, October 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jksuci.2021.09.022.

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Lecco, Margherita. "Wistasse le Moine e le chansons de geste dei maghi-ladri." Zeitschrift für romanische Philologie (ZrP) 126, no. 1 (January 2010). http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zrph.2010.004.

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Taylor, Simon. "Myriam Deman et Magali Julian, Guide de l’anglais des contrats d’affaires. Lecture, traduction, rédaction." Recherche et pratiques pédagogiques en langues de spécialité - Cahiers de l APLIUT, Vol. 35 N° spécial 1 (October 15, 2016). http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/apliut.5519.

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Reverseau, Anne. "‘Poet against the Machine’: une histoire technopolitique de la littérature. Par Magali Nachtergael." French Studies, December 9, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/fs/knab216.

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Bozzato, Daria. "Papini esoterico: L’occultismo come “millenario intruglio di ermetismo e di cabala”." Forum Italicum: A Journal of Italian Studies, October 5, 2022, 001458582211287. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00145858221128785.

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Agli inizi del Novecento, grazie alla frequentazione di fucine esoteriche come la Biblioteca Filosofica di Firenze e il caffè delle Giubbe Rosse, Giovanni Papini alimentò il suo interesse nei confronti della tradizione esoterica, dal momento che questa permetteva un allontanamento dall’eccesso razionale proprio del positivismo e, di conseguenza, una trasformazione della sensibilità umana. Come evidenziato in alcuni articoli pubblicati nella fase finale del Leonardo, Papini ammirava, però, solo alcuni aspetti dell’occultismo e ne criticava la mancanza di metodo e la superficialità di osservazioni. Il rapporto ambiguo di Papini con l’occulto rafforza, di fatto, i tratti non lineari e ossimorici del suo pensiero, tratti che saranno caratteristici anche del periodo post conversione. A differenza di precedenti studi sul rapporto tra Papini e l’occulto che si soffermano soprattutto sulla fase iniziale del Leonardo, l’obiettivo di questo saggio è evidenziare come l’intellettuale fiorentino, anche nella fase successiva alla conversione del 1919, continuò a parlare di maghi ed occultisti in maniera ambigua. Questo è ben evidente in un manoscritto inedito scoperto presso l’archivio Papini della Fondazione Primo Conti di Fiesole dal titolo Occultisti, che il seguente articolo esaminerà e citerà per la prima volta in maniera parziale.

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Aziz ur Rehman, Dr Syed. "مغازی معمر بن راشدتعارف و تجزیہ." rahatulquloob, July 4, 2020, 2–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.51411/rahat.4.2.2020.148.

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Ma'mar Bin Rashid (714 CE) was born in Basra. Ma'mar was belonged to wing of powerful Arab clan Azd. That wing name Hādān was comprised over people who were once slaved. Azd clan had a strong hold on Ma'mar birthplace, Basra and adjacent area like Oman. Like other scholars of that age Ma'mar was also a Persian descendent. Basra was not a Persian city indeed but built as a miltiray camp for Arab Army over the ruin of some dwellings. Beside the river bank and beneath the stones of Basra the ruin of wahshat Abad UrdShair was laying. Book Al-Magazi written by Ma'mar bin Rashid on life of Prophet Muhammad pbuh is considered a highly notable work of that era. This literary work got importance from many dimensions. This work achieved high value as oldest, fine and classical piece of work on Prophet Muhammad pbuh life. It dates back to second century after Hijra. It also reflects the culture and civilization of that era. It is recorded in Arabic language. This book is not only useful for scholars but for common people too. This book contains sufficient material about the history of Prophet Muhammad PBUH companions. So as a primary source it is inevitable to explore which types of efforts were made by early Muslims to record and repress-ent Prophet Muhammad PBUH life. Introduction and analysis of Ma'mar work will be done in following lines.

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Shah, Nitu, and Bibha Kumari. "Investigation and Identification of Various Garden Spider Species in Two Distinct Locations." Asian Journal of Research in Zoology, October 31, 2022, 14–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ajriz/2022/v5i495.

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Aim: Spiders require all environments in which they can survive, and they are regarded as a helpful indicator of the overall species richness and health of terrestrial communities. They are particularly sensitive to natural world disturbances. As a result, the current study was carried out to investigate and identify the diverse garden spider species at two distinct locations: a large college campus garden and a house garden (small). Place and Duration of Study: Garden of Magadh Mahila College (Patna, India) and the house garden (Patna city, India), between July 2001 to March 2022. Methodology: Visual examination and camera capture of photographs of spiders in both research sites, and identification based on general shape, size, distinctive colour pattern, number and positioning of eyes, length and arrangement of their legs, and so on. Results: Spiders are among the most diverse groups of organisms that exist in almost all microhabitats, as evidenced by the presence of 07 families, 15 genus, and 25 species in a small area. Due to their small numbers, this group cannot be disproved in conservation studies. Less species were found in the small garden in the house that was located in a well-built area, whereas a large number of different species of spiders were found in the college campus garden with a larger area of vegetation. Conclusion: According to this brief investigation, multiple species were present, each belonging to a different taxonomic group. As a result of this research, we will be able to gain a better understanding of spider diversity and taxonomy.

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Corigliano, Francesco. "Book Review: Scienza e follia: stravaganza ed eccezione. Alchimisti, maghi, scienziati eslegi nella letteratura e nella cultura contemporanea by Silvia T. Zangrandi and Daniela Bombara e Ellen Patat (a cura di)." Forum Italicum: A Journal of Italian Studies, May 15, 2023, 001458582311758. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00145858231175867.

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., Anantakumar, and Nagesh V. .Bettakote. "Characteristic of Western and Kannada Absurd Dramas." International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology (IJISRT), April 9, 2024, 2309–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt/ijisrt24mar1932.

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In the literary heritage of modern Kannada theatre, innovative methods of writing such as stories, poetry, novels, etc., which are limited only to plays, should be taken into consideration. After the 19th century, modern Kannada theatre under the influence of Western theatre took a path of innovation and expanded its range of features. Along with the Kannada Renaissance literature, the modern Kannada dramas that came to light are mostly imitations of Western and Indian Sanskrit dramas. Apart from that, important Western plays like Samuel Beckett, Eugène Ionesco, Jean Genet, Arthur Adamov, Harold Pinter, Sart, Albert Camus, Brecht, are found to have built upon modern dramas on a satvika basis. Following this Kannada Absurd dramatists can be divided into two groups. The material portrays incongruous things through a coherent technique using coherent language. Playwrights like Kirtinath Kurta Koti, G.B. Joshi, Girish Karnad can be identified. The second group includes Chandrasekhar Patil, P. Lankesh, Chandrasekhar Kambar can be named. Kalyan Karnataka dramatist Chandrakant Kusunur is popular among Absurd dramatists. He wrote the most plays among the Absurd plays. We did not see any western influence in many of his plays. He has written Ani Bantani, Dindi, Mane, Rekke, Vidushaka. Ratto Ratto Rayana Magale etc. play an important role in the development of Kannada anomaly. Western Kannada Absurd plays can thus be observed in a geographically adequate traditional setting. This article attempts to analyse the different types of dramas, and dramatists, who contributed to the field of Absurd dramas in Kannada theatre due to the influence of western Absurd dramas in Kannada drama literary tradition.

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Raman, Nikita, Kumar Manish, and Samir Jain. "PREVALENCE OF ORAL SUBMUCOUS FIBROSIS AND PERIODONTAL HEALTH STATUS IN PATIENTS CHEWING GUTKA FROM BIHAR REGION." International Journal of Medical and Biomedical Studies 4, no. 1 (January 13, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.32553/ijmbs.v4i1.863.

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Smokeless tobacco (ST) chewing warranties special attention in India because of its popularity and widespread social acceptance. The major factors that persist to encourage people to use smokeless form of tobacco are its low price, ease of purchase, and the widely held misconception of purported medicinal value in curing toothache, headache, and in decreasing hunger. Furthermore, in contrast to smoking, there is no taboo against using ST. The lifestyle, socioeconomic status, and the standards of living of industrial workers are different from the rest of the population. Poverty, language barriers, and poor education contribute different lifestyle that encourages addictive tobacco habits. As there is a ban on smoking tobacco in most of the industrial premises, workers tend to consume more of ST products. Therefore, they form a special group who could be at a higher risk of periodontal breakdown. Hence the present study was planned for study of Prevalence of Oral Submucous Fibrosis and Periodontal Health Status in patients chewing Gutka from Bihar Region. The present study was planned in Department of Dentistry, Anugrah Narayan Magadh Medical College and Hospital, Gaya, Bihar. Total 30 patients were enrolled in the present study. The patients were divided in three groups. The Group A included patients with a healthy periodontium. The Group B included patients with chronic periodontitis without OSMF, and Group C included patients with chronic periodontitis and OSMF. The data generated from the present study concludes that that chewing gutka leads to periodontal destruction in patients with OSMF. The cases illustrate the significant morbidity and mortality associated with OSF and emphasize the importance of close follow-up of such cases. Because of the significant cancer risk among these patients, periodic biopsies of suspicious regions of the oral mucosa are essential for the early detection and management of high-risk oral premalignant lesions and prevention of cancer. Keywords: oral submucous fibrosis, periodontal destruction, gutka, Bihar region, etc.

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Maganzani, Lauretta. "Diritto e ‘simulata philosophia’ nelle Istituzioni di Ulpiano." Erga-Logoi. Rivista di storia, letteratura, diritto e culture dell'antichità 8, no. 1 (July 16, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.7358/erga-2020-001-maga.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Magahi language'

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