Academic literature on the topic 'Maghrebian historiography'

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Journal articles on the topic "Maghrebian historiography"

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Cutter. "Peace with Pirates? Maghrebi Maritime Combat, Diplomacy, and Trade in English Periodical News, 1622–1714." Humanities 8, no. 4 (November 20, 2019): 179. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/h8040179.

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Commonly represented in contemporary texts and modern historiographical accounts as a dangerous and alien region, characterised by piracy and barbarism, the history of the early modern Maghreb and the cultural impact it had on British society is one highly limited by indirect sources, cultural, political, and religious biases, and the distorting influence of Orientalist and colonial historiography. Historians have drawn on a wide range of popular media and government-held archival material, each with its own limitations, but one important corpus has been neglected. Drawn from up-to-date and trusted sources and distributed to vast audiences from a wide range of social groups, periodical news publications provide a vast and fruitful body of sources for evaluating popular and elite English viewpoints on Maghrebi piracy. This paper draws upon a corpus of 3385 news items comprising over 360,000 words relating to the Maghreb and its people, drawn from Stuart and Republican English news publications, with a view towards examining the discourse and reality around Maghrebi maritime combat, diplomact and trade in seventeenth- and early eighteenth-century England. To what extent did maritime combat dominate coverage of the Maghreb, over other social, political and military events? Why did news writers use the word ‘pirate’ so infrequently to describe Maghrebi ships? Was Maghrebi piracy chaotic and unfettered, or did peace treaties and consular presence lead to stable trade relations? Were Maghrebi economies seen to be fundamentally built on naval predation, or was real benefit available from peaceful engagement with the Maghrebi states? Examining these and other questions from English news coverage, this paper argues that the material in English periodical news is generally consistent with what we know of the military, diplomatic and economic conditions of the time, surprisingly neutral in tone with a possible emphasis on positive stories when dealing with British–Maghrebi relations, and increasingly after the Restoration played a significant role in influencing British popular discourse.
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Cortés Sánchez, Miguel, Francisco J. Jiménez Espejo, María D. Simón Vallejo, Juan F. Gibaja Bao, António Faustino Carvalho, Francisca Martinez-Ruiz, Marta Rodrigo Gamiz, et al. "The Mesolithic–Neolithic transition in southern Iberia." Quaternary Research 77, no. 2 (March 2012): 221–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.yqres.2011.12.003.

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New data and a review of historiographic information from Neolithic sites of the Malaga and Algarve coasts (southern Iberian Peninsula) and from the Maghreb (North Africa) reveal the existence of a Neolithic settlement at least from 7.5 cal ka BP. The agricultural and pastoralist food producing economy of that population rapidly replaced the coastal economies of the Mesolithic populations. The timing of this population and economic turnover coincided with major changes in the continental and marine ecosystems, including upwelling intensity, sea-level changes and increased aridity in the Sahara and along the Iberian coast. These changes likely impacted the subsistence strategies of the Mesolithic populations along the Iberian seascapes and resulted in abandonments manifested as sedimentary hiatuses in some areas during the Mesolithic–Neolithic transition. The rapid expansion and area of dispersal of the early Neolithic traits suggest the use of marine technology. Different evidences for a Maghrebian origin for the first colonists have been summarized. The recognition of an early North-African Neolithic influence in Southern Iberia and the Maghreb is vital for understanding the appearance and development of the Neolithic in Western Europe. Our review suggests links between climate change, resource allocation, and population turnover.
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Schreier, Joshua. "Recentering the History of Jews in North Africa." French Historical Studies 43, no. 1 (February 1, 2020): 47–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00161071-7920450.

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Abstract Recent work that readjusts French Jewish historians' lenses to include France's empire in North Africa is essential, but it does not necessarily expand the range of questions beyond the logic or contradictions of empire. Looking at Jewish history from “outside” the empire, in contrast, may de-emphasize the critical focus on the failures of enlightenment, assimilation, or civilization that have been central both to colonialists' self-definition and to subsequent historiography. Drawing on work that traces the history of a group of powerful Jewish merchants in mid-nineteenth-century Oran, this article posits that North African Jews influenced the early French colonial order. In so doing, it underlines the inadequacy of imported (but enduring) anthropological, popular, or legal identifiers such as indigènes, subjects, or citizens while emphasizing how Maghrebi Jews were often influential figures in the extra- or transimperial networks that both defied and shaped France's early North African empire. Pour importantes qu'elles soient, les recherches récentes plaçant l'Empire français en Afrique du Nord au centre de l'histoire juive française ne se sont pas dégagées de certaines problématiques bien établies, notamment celles centrées sur la logique interne de l'Empire et ses contradictions. Cet essai constitue une tentative de considérer l'histoire juive de « l'extérieur » de l'Empire, visant par là à repenser l'importance longtemps mise sur les échecs (ou les réussites) des Lumières, de l'assimilation, ou de la mission civilisatrice—idées qui ont longtemps joué un rôle essentiel dans la façon dont les colons se sont définis et dans la formulation des questions historiographiques liées à l'entreprise coloniale. Cet article traite d'un groupe de grands négociants juifs d'Oran au milieu du dix-neuvième siècle pour montrer que les juifs d'Afrique du Nord étaient des agents puissants ayant non seulement exercé une influence déterminante sur l'ordre précolonial, mais aussi sur les premières décennies de la colonisation française. Ce travail souligne ainsi les limites d'identifiants anthropologiques, populaires, ou légaux tels qu’« indigènes », « sujets », ou « citoyens ». Il souligne en outre que les juifs maghrébins avaient souvent une influence considérable sur les réseaux trans-impériaux qui ont à la fois défié le nouvel Empire français en Afrique, et qui lui ont donné forme.
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EL MANSOUR, MOHAMED. "CHALLENGING THE ‘AUTONOMY THESIS’ IN MAGHREBI HISTORIOGRAPHY The Regency of Tunis and the Ottoman Porte, 1777–1814: Army and Government of a North-African Ottoman Eyalet at the End of the Eighteenth Century. By ASMA MOALLA. Routledge Curzon: London, 2004. Pp. xxiii+175. £55 (ISBN 0-415-29781-8)." Journal of African History 46, no. 1 (March 2005): 162–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002185370530034x.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Maghrebian historiography"

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Benchekroun, Chafik Toum. "Images et connaissances de l'Occident chrétien au Maghreb médiéval." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019TOU20027.

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Il est difficile d’infirmer l’idée qu’une vision caricaturale de l’Occident chrétien prévaut dans le Maghreb médiéval, vision qui résume l’Autre à des traits à la fois généraux et stéréotypés. A l’époque médiévale, les auteurs maghrébins semblent peiner à différencier les puissances chrétiennes les unes des autres, préférant souvent désigner (ce que cette thèse veut appeler) l’Autre méditerranéen de façon vague et éloignée : « Romains », « Francs », « Chrétiens », ou plus rarement « mécréants ». Ces appellations paraissent souvent être jetées à tout hasard, et être parfaitement équivalentes. Mais, quoique cette impression soit en grande partie correcte, certaines nuances peuvent peut-être apporter une plus grande clarté sur l’état et le degré de connaissance de l’Autre dans la conscience cultivée (au sens hégélien de l’expression) des élites intellectuelles maghrébines médiévales. Cet Autre multiséculaire, antéislamique. Déjà, en 171, 540 ans avant 711, les Maures traversaient le détroit de Gibraltar pour attaquer la Bétique, poussés par une récolte plus qu’insuffisante. Constituant un danger tout à fait considéré à l’époque. Déjà sous Néron, le poète Calpurnius écrivait : « trucibusque obnoxia Mauris pascua Geryonis ». Quoique l’Islam vienne parachever et ancrer cette gigantesque mise en situation psychologique. L’identité intellectuelle maghrébine médiévale a pour base une période antéislamique fantasmée de l’Arabie de Mahomet. Il ne faut pas oublier que Juifs et chrétiens furent chassés tout simplement d’Arabie après la mort de Mahomet, car ils souilleraient la patrie du Prophète par leur seule présence. Il s’agit ici d’un élément fondateur de la représentation traditionnelle des Chrétiens et des Juifs en Terre d’Islam. Cela influencera les visions juridiques des relations pouvant être entreprises entre les Maghrébins et l’Occident chrétien. Ainsi nombre de juristes maghrébins médiévaux présenteront comme illicites les échanges commerciaux entre Maghrébins et Chrétiens (d’Occident) se réalisant avec des monnaies chrétiennes gravées de croix, voire gravées d’inscriptions latines tout simplement. Même la relation avec l’Autre est donc définie par le refus de l’Autre. Car, l’Occident chrétien c’est Dār al-ḥarb (une terre de guerre)
It is difficult to refute the idea that a caricatural vision of the Christian West prevails in the medieval Maghreb, a vision that summarizes the Other with both general and stereotyped traits. In medieval times, Maghreb writers seem to struggle to differentiate the Christian powers from one another, often preferring to designate (what this thesis wants to call) the Mediterranean Other vaguely and remotely: "Romans", "Francs", "Christians", or more rarely "unbelievers". These appellations often appear to be thrown at random, and to be perfectly equivalent. But, although this impression is largely correct, some nuances may perhaps bring greater clarity to the state and degree of knowledge of the Other in the cultivated consciousness (in the Hegelian sense of expression) of the elite medieval Maghreb intellectuals. This other multisecular, pre-Islamic. Already, in 171, 540 years before 711, the Moors crossed the Strait of Gibraltar to attack Betic, pushed by a crop more than insufficient. Constituting a danger quite considered at the time. Already under Nero, the poet Calpurnius wrote: "trucibusque obnoxia Mauris pascua Geryonis". Although Islam comes to complete and anchor this gigantic psychological situation. The medieval Maghreb intellectual identity is based on a fantasized pre-Islamic period of Arabia of Muhammad. It must not be forgotten that Jews and Christians were simply expelled from Arabia after the death of Muhammad, for they would defile the homeland of the Prophet by their mere presence. This is a founding element of the traditional representation of Christians and Jews in the Land of Islam. This will influence the legal visions of the relations that can be undertaken between the Maghrebians and the Christian West. Thus many medieval Maghreb jurists will present as illicit trade between Maghrebians and Christians (of the West) being realized with Christian coins engraved with crosses, even engraved with Latin inscriptions quite simply. Even the relationship with the Other is therefore defined by the refusal of the Other. Because, the Christian West is Dār al-ḥarb (a land of war)
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