Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Magnésite – Effets de la température'
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Saldi, Giuseppe. "Les cinétiques de dissolution et de précipitation de la magnésite aux conditions hydrothermales." Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00425552.
Full textDorbane, Abdelhakim. "Caractérisation mécanique et microstructurale d’un soudage hétérogène par friction malaxage de tôles en alliage d’aluminium et de magnésium." Thesis, Lille 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LIL10012/document.
Full textThis study is part of a research project initiated by Texas A&M University in Qatar and the American University of Beirut on characterizing the mechanical and microstructural properties of friction sit welded bimetallic joints. The current researched work focused on two of the materials proposed in the initial project, namely, the 6061-T6 aluminum alloy (Al) and an AZ31B magnesium alloy (Mg). Therefore, the purpose of this investigation is to optimize the friction stir welding parameters of similar and dissimilar materials in the aim to improve the mechanical properties of welded structures. The preliminary work focused on the investigation of the microstructural and mechanical properties of the two studied base materials. In what followed, the properties of the welded parts were studied by analyzing the influence of the temperature and the strain rate via monotonous tensile tests and by analyzing the microstructural and textural properties
Dessolier, Thibaut. "Effet de la température sur les hétérogénéités de déformation plastique dans les alliages de magnésium." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018GREAI094/document.
Full textThe aim of this study is to quantify the intra and intergranular contribution of the deformation during a high temperature micromechanical test on a magnesium alloy (AZ31). In order to answer this scientific issue, we have developed an in situ tensile test at high temperature within a SEM. It has required a significant preparation work in order to push the current technical limits of this type of test on magnesium alloy. These technical limits can partly explain why there are currently few in situ studies at high temperature on magnesium alloys. A local marker in the form of a microgrid was placed on our sample as it does not provide any local contrast for digital image correlation (DIC). Before the deposition of the microgrid, EBSD mapping was made. Using the grain boundaries from the EBSD, we can superimpose the deformed grain boundaries on the strain map from the DIC.Using high temperature in-situ tensile tests, we were able to highlight the effect of the temperature on the different active deformation mechanisms. This whole development work enables us to locate the plastic deformation heterogeneities both according to the evolution of the deformation and for several temperatures. From the tests conducted, it has been shown that the higher the temperature, the more heterogeneous the plastic deformation heterogeneities are located in the vicinity of the grain boundaries. Based on a heart/coat hypothesis, we were able to quantify the intra and intergranular contribution, and show that it became more important with temperature
Boissière, Rémi. "Effet de la température sur les capacités de mise en forme d'alliages de magnésium corroyés." Grenoble INPG, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008INPG0104.
Full textAeronautic shows a growing interest for magnesium alloys. This thesis, performed in the context of a European pro gram deals with the effect oftemperature on the forming capacities ofvarious magnesium alloys sheets. At room temperature, mechanical properties are strongly influenced by the crystallographic texture. Over a critical temperature which depends on the tested alloy, the forming capacity is enhanced and it has been attributed to the activation of new glide systems possibly associated with dynamic recrystallisation or to a significant contribution of grain boundary sliding. Strain localisation and damage have also been studied thanks to the use of digital images correlation and X-ray microtomogaphy. Finally, forming tests have been carried out thanks to the development of a mini deep-drawing device
Kataya, Zeinab. "Effets de température sur les nanoparticules de CoAg : structure et effets de ségrégation." Phd thesis, Université d'Orléans, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01004367.
Full textAbbadi, Mohammed. "Influence de la température et de la vitesse de chargement sur les instabilités plastiques du type PLC dans l'alliage 5182 O." Metz, 2000. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/UPV-M/Theses/2000/Abbadi.Mohammed.SMZ0030.pdf.
Full textIn certain material containing solutes diffusing towards dislocations, one observes a heterogeneous macroscopic deformation during tensile tests for certain loading rates and temperatures, this macroscopic heterogeneity of the deformation is called “Portevin – Le Chatelier” effect ; it results in the presence of serrations or stairs on the traction diagrams. Each serration of stair corresponds to the propagation of deformation bands located along the tensile specimen. The microscopic interpretation of PLC effect is often associated with a dynamic interaction between the clouds of impurities or solute atoms and mobile dislocations. These instabilities which develop during forming process lead to a fall of ductility of material as well as in a bad surface quality of the finished product. This work consists in studying the influence of the temperature and loading rate on plastic instabilities of type Portevin-Le Chatelier in an aluminium alloy of 5000 series in the case of uniaxial tensile tests carried out using hard and soft tensile machines respectively at imposed strain and stress rates. The domain of occurrence of PLC effect in log [varepsilon]. - 1/T, then log [sigma]. - 1/T diagram is closed at high temperatures and loading rates. This result, envisaged by theoretical approaches, is confirmed by the experimental results of this stuudy. This result, envisaged by theoretical approaches, is confirmed by the experimental results of this study. Experimental measurements of the critical strain [varepsilon]c for the oneset of repeated yielding show that [varepsilon]c presents a normal behaviour for high loading rates. However, an inverse behavior is observed at low loading rates. The stress drop [delta][sigma] and reloading times tR increase with strain and generally tend to a maximum value of saturation. Further, the average value of saturation presents a decrease when strain rate increases with two values of slopes rather close to those envisaged by the theory of the diffusion. The results obtained starting from tests carried out on soft machine enabled us to investigate different characteristics of localised deformation bands and to discuss their evolution during the deformation as function of stres rate and variopus test temperatures. The variations of band strain [delta][varepsilon]b present a similarity with those of the critical strain [varepsilon]c : one observes for [delta][varepsilon]b the same transition between inverse and normal behaviours. Band propagation velocities Vb, which present the same variations with strain that the bandwidths Wb, decrease when the stress rate [sigma]. Increases. Certain experimental results were compared with those envisaged by the theoretical models of Hähner, Kubin-Estrin and Brechet-Estrin
Mieusset, Roger. "Effets de la température sur les fonctions testiculaires et épididymaires." Paris 11, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA11T022.
Full textManel, Stéphanie. "Modélisation de la durée de développement pré-imaginal chez les poïkilothermes sous régime de températures variables." Lyon 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995LYO10277.
Full textRoussy, Laurent. "Étude du comportement des matériaux composites aux températures cryogéniques." Besançon, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994BESA2050.
Full textDaviller, Guillaume. "Etude numérique des effets de température dans les jets simples et coaxiaux." Phd thesis, Chasseneuil-du-Poitou, Ecole nationale supérieure de mécanique et d'aérotechnique, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00573368.
Full textJean-St-Laurent, Mathilde. "Effets des cycles extrêmes de température sur le comportement des matériaux composites." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26398.
Full textThis master dissertation presents the effect of extreme temperature cycles on composite materials of carbon fiber and cyanate-ester resin made of five harness woven fabrics. Three laminates and one sandwich plate were studied. The evaluation of damage present in the laminates showed two different types of damage: vertical microcracks and debonding between the fibers and the matrix. Debonding is only visible on the edges of the laminates. As for the microcracks, they are present both on the edges and inside of the laminates, but in greater quantity on the edges. The damage inside the sandwich plate is present under two forms: vertical microcracks and delamination due to the presence of the adhesive. The effect of thermal cycling on the degradation of the mechanical properties of the laminates was also studied. The mechanical tests performed showed that properties influenced by the matrix behavior were altered by the presence of microcracks.
Bouhanek, Karima. "Oxydation à haute température de superalliages monocristallins." Toulouse, INPT, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997INPT016G.
Full textIshiguro, Naoko. "L'influence du climat et des affluents sur l'oxygénation et la turbidité des lacs : le cas comparé du Léman, des lacs alpins et japonais." Limoges, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004LIMO2002.
Full textKoo, Min. "Effets de température dans les procédés de gravure plasma : Aspects fondamentaux et applications." Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00355029.
Full textGhasemzadeh, Hasan. "Couplages dans les géomatériaux multiphasiques : effets de la température et de la chimie." Phd thesis, Ecole des Ponts ParisTech, 2006. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00002077.
Full textMykytczuk, Nadia, Leo Leduc, Jack T. Trevors, and Garry D. Ferroni. "Effets des facteurs environnementaux du drainage minier acide sur les membranes d'Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans." Acfas-Sudbury, 2007. https://zone.biblio.laurentian.ca/dspace/handle/10219/96.
Full textReyt, Françoise. "Influence de la température sur la liaison calcium-protéine." Bordeaux 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997BOR2P017.
Full textHammouda, Tahar. "Mécanismes et cinétique de fusion partielle d'assemblages à Fluor-Phlogopite : modélisation, expérimentation et implications géochimiques." Orléans, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995ORLE2015.
Full textBaril, Eugénie. "Quantification de l'influence de l'environnement sur la formation et la thermo-résistance des spores bactériennes." Brest, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011BRES2047.
Full textThe aim of this PhD study was to quantify the influence of the sporulation environment (temperature, pH and aw) on the spore formation of Bacillus weihenstephanensis and B. Licheniformis and on their heat resistance. A two-step sporulation methodology was developed to study sporulation in environmental conditions close to growth boundaries. Sporulation boundaries (temperature, pH and aw) were observed inner growth boundaries. A primary model was proposed to quantify the influence of the environment on spore formation. A decrease in sporulation temperature and pH delayed the time to first spore per ml. The maximal spore heat resistance was observed for spores produced at temperature and pH close to the optimal growth values. A secondary model was then proposed and validated to estimate the spore heat resistance as function of the sporulation and heat treatment environments. Finally, this study allows defining control points in foodstuff to prevent spores in food products. A relationship between the influence of environmental temperature and pH on growth and sporulation was pointed out
Desserrey, Franck. "Comportement mécano-chimique du nickel vis à vis de l'oxygène à haute température : aspects expérimentaux et prévisionnels." Dijon, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002DIJOS057.
Full textAddala, Farida. "Etude du comportement rhéologique des bitumes à moyenne et basse température." Lyon, INSA, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989ISAL0066.
Full textThis study, performed in the framework of a collaboration with the Compagnie française de Raffinage Total France, is part of a general study on the rheological behaviour of bitumen. More specifically, our contribution consists of the development of an experimental apparatus allowing mechanical behaviour study of the bituminous material at low and medium temperature. In a first part we present the state of the art in this domain from experimental as well as theoretical point of view. In the the second part we describe the developed apparatus for torsion-compression tests on hollow cylindrical sample and we analyse the experimental results we have obtain. Finally the third part deals with numerical computations by the finite element method of the tests described in the previous part as well as the penetration tests. Different non-linear viscoelastic models have been used for this purpose after calibration of their parameters according to the experimental results
Racinais, Sébastien. "Performance de courte durée en milieu tropical:Influence de la Température environnementale et du moment de la journée." Antilles-Guyane, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004AGUY0118.
Full textMuscular power display a significant diurnal increase in a neutral environment only and a 60-minute moderately warm exposure increases muscular power in the morning only when body temperatures are their lowest (Sudy 1). The fact that the passive warm-up effect body temperature can not be combined may be explained by their similar action on muscular contractile properties (study 2). These results point to the existence of a "ceiling" above which an increase in body temperature fails to improve muscular performance. Indeed,our results show that an extremely hot exposure fails to modify short term performance in a moderately warm and humid environment (study 3). Similary to tropical climate,a 30-minute leg immersion in a hot bath in neutral environment may blunt the diurnal variation in muscular power (study 4),whereas active warm-up increases muscular power both in the morning and in the evening(sTUDY 5)
Dardié, Jason. "Étude des effets des rayonnements sur les matériaux et systèmes électroniques." Thesis, Montpellier, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020MONTS001.
Full textTMI-Orion, a company specialising in systems for acquiring physical parameters (pressure, temperature, humidity, etc.) for harsh environments, wishes to diversify, particularly in the civilian nuclear markets or the new space. These two markets are subject to strong radiative stress. The company, which is at the origin of the thesis, wishes to develop its skills with regard to radiative stress in order to be able to propose applications in these sectors. This thesis was therefore conducted with the main objective of providing as much information as possible on radiative stress to TMI-Orion. We have therefore identified four areas of work to address this issue.In the context of this thesis, we began by describing the radiative environments encountered in the space and civilian nuclear fields. Then the mechanisms of radiation-matter interaction were defined. Finally, the effects of radiation on electronics have been given.The second area of work consists of a study of the degradation mechanisms of elementary electronic components (MOS and bipolar transistors) as a function of the temperature to which they are subjected during irradiation. The effect of low (up to 100 K) and high (up to 400 K) irradiation temperatures on the degradation of elementary components was studied. During this study we were also able to compare the degradation obtained between a cobalt-60 irradiation and an X-ray irradiation.The third area of work consists of a simulation study on shielding against radiative stress. As part of this work, we have developed two calculation codes on GEANT4. The first one allows to study the dose deposited by a cobalt-60 source for different shielding conditions. The second one allows to model the X-ray generator of the IES laboratory and gives its energy spectrum. The effect of different filters on the spectrum is also studied.The last axis of this thesis work consists of a complete reliability study on autonomous data loggers developed by TMI-Orion. One particular recorder, the PicoVACQ, is used as an example. The reliability of this recorder was calculated by an analytical method, studied using the feedback available within the company, measured against thermal stress and measured against radiative stress. Finally, the search for a microcontroller, a central component of a radiation-tolerant data acquisition system, was carried out. One microcontroller in particular appears to have good resistance to dose effect and will probably be used by the company in its future projects
Le, Morvan Caroline. "Effets des températures extrêmes sur l'expression des défenses immunes chez la carpe (Cyprinus carpio) : corrélation avec la dynamique membranaire des leucocytes périphériques." Lyon 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995LYO10055.
Full textTalby, Riad. "Mesure des fluctuations de température avec des thermocouples fins, par référence à un fil "froid"." Aix-Marseille 2, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987AIX22011.
Full textMenou, Abdellah. "Etude du comportement thermomécanique des bétons à haute température. : Approche multi échelles de l'endommagement thermique." Pau, 2004. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00008986.
Full textThis research work deals within the framework of the study of durability when subjected ti hight temperature in case of fire. The aim of this study is to identify the elementary mechanisms leading the degradation of concretes at hight temperature. Adopted step consists to uncoupling the thermal damage, of mechanical origin (accompanied with deformations) and which takes place in the macrocospic and tiny scale, of the thermal damage of physical and chemical origin (not accompanied with deformations) and which is due mainly to the physical and chemical alterations in material. This approach is based on the exploitation of two different models ; the "Digital Concrete" microscopic model and the macroscopic damage deviatoric model MODEV, both implemented in the F. E. Software SYMPHONIE. Concurrently, an experimental study was achieved in order to feed and to validatez the "Digital Concrete" model. The evolution of mechanical characteristics of concrete was studied using multi-scale approach and three point bending tests were performed on five cementeous materials. Multi-scales approach of the model "Digital Concrete" allowed to find by simulation the experimental warmly behaviour. This approach allowed to put in evidence the existence of the micromechanical deformation and to propose an original approach allowing identification by simulation the laws concretes behaviour at hight temperatures. This approach was also applied successfully to explain the thermoapplication refractory concrete subjected to very hight temperatures was also realized
Launay, Jean-Claude. "Les adaptations croisées climatiques chez l’humain : caractérisation, mécanismes et risques thermophysiologiques." Lyon 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008LYO10062.
Full textIntercontinental travels, but also overseas deployment of troops may submit adapted persons to a given thermal strain to an opposite thermal strain, exposing them to unassessed thermophysiological risks. This problem encompassed the poorly researched concept of thermal cross-adaptation. Using sweating tests (Tdb=45 °C, RH=10 %, 90 min) and standard cold air tests (Tdb=1 °C, 120 min) in humans, before and after heat acclimatization (28 d in French Guyana) or cold acclimatization (55 d in Artic), we characterized heat/cold and cold/heat cross-adaptations. The thermophysiological mechanisms involved in their development were described in 24 subjects submitted to different thermal loads. The resulting thermophysiological risks were evaluated. A methodology for studying, characterizing and assessing the medical risks for other cross-adaptations is proposed in order to optimize the medical prevention
Raharison, Lucie Hortense. "Exercice maximal, métabolisme musculaire et évolution des températures cutanée et centrale chez les sujets ayant présenté un "syndrome d'hyperthermie d'effort" (HTE)." Aix-Marseille 2, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001AIX22093.
Full textDasriaux, Marion. "Evolutions microstructurales du PEEK au-dessus de sa température de transition vitreuse lors de maintiens sous pression et température." Phd thesis, Chasseneuil-du-Poitou, Ecole nationale supérieure de mécanique et d'aérotechnique, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00786016.
Full textMnif, Hassène. "Contribution à la modélisation des transistors bipolaires à hétérojonction Si/SiGe en température." Bordeaux 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004BOR12786.
Full textThe consideration of the temperature and in particular of he self-heating effect in Si/SiGe heterojunction bipolar transistors is a fundamental aspect to predict in a precise way these electric characteristics. The use of these components in microwaves applications exposes to various tempertaures and strong densities of current, accentuates enormously these effects. Consequently, a precie modelling of these phenomena is necessary. A dynamic model describing the self-heatinng, characterized by a rise in the junction temperature, is developed. An electric equivalence close to the analytical model, compatible with SPICE electric models type, is established. A specific test bench is used in order to evaluate the new model and to extracts its parameters. In a second part, the temperature dependence of the various compact model parameters is studied, in particular in the HICUM model
Grenier, Benjamin. "Spectroscopie théorique : description des effets de la température sur les paramètres de résonance magnétique nucléaire." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AIXM0494/document.
Full text- Our objective is to define a theoretical methodology, which allows to simulate the Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectra taking into account the temperature effects, in order to propose a help to the interpretation of the more relevant experimental results.- To deal with the description of the temperature effects on the NMR parameters, we have studied azacalixarenes, which are cyclic oligomers of phenol units linked together by nitrogen bridges. These molecules have a calyx shape, hence their name azacalixarenes. By this cavity these molecules can capture different types of compounds and are used in the host-guest chemistry field.- A wide variety of substituents can be attached to these azacalixarenes. Experimentally, one can easily follow the structure variations effects, at the level of physicochemical properties by NMR.- For this reason, we first investigated the geometric description of azacalixarenes as a function of different substituents and different isomers using the Density Functional Theory, so without taking into account the temperature. - Then, we simulated the NMR parameters of these systems using the Density Functional Theory. This is to calculate the azacalixarenes NMR spectrum in the ground state.- FInally, by performing molecular dynamics simulations using Molecular Mechanics, we were able to take into account the temperature effects. We were able to simulate the NMR parameters of these systems taking now into account the effects of temperature
Courtial, Yannick. "Etude du comportement mécanique à haute température de cermets WC-Co : Effets de la microstructure." Lyon, INSA, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991ISAL0071.
Full textCharacterization of mechanical properties of WC-(17,5-25 %) Co cemented carbide at high temperatures (600-1000°C) and particularly of their resistance to crack propagation cannot be done by using the laws of behaviour of fragile materials (elastic range) and on the basis of the only criterion of KIc overload breakage. At this level of temperature, the behaviour of these materials is indeed of elastoplastic type. We have therefore used the notion of R CURVE : curve of resistance to crack propagation. We have thus access to the values of stable growth start of crack, of propagation and to the differentiation of elastic and plastic phenomena. Comparison of the different methods (RICE,GARWOOD and SAKAI) which allow to obtain R curves led us to the following conclusions: the RICE method is the most suitable for WC-Co cermets; KIc RICE corresponds to the start of stable growth of cracks;definition of a criterion as a criterion of overload breakage at hight temperature. We have developed at the same time a DOUBLE TORSION device and have applied this measure to the case of cermets. It has been possible to observe a slow growth of under-critical defects at 600°C. The objective of all these measurements is to observe the influence of MICROSTRUCTURE and COBALT CONTENT on the high temperature mechanical properties of cermets developed by the CERAMETAL (Lux) company
Daniel, Isabelle. "Aluminosilicates à haute pression et haute température : amorphes, verres, liquides et cristaux : étude par spectroscopie Raman." Lyon 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995LYO10279.
Full textRosen, Michel. "Contribution à l'étude des effets du vent et d'un gradient de température sur l'efficacité des écrans acoustiques." Le Mans, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986LEMA1007.
Full textPierrot, André. "Contribution a l'étude des transferts de chaleur à haute température dans les milieux alvéolaires." Perpignan, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PERP0032.
Full textTrégon, Bernard. "Evaluation et caractérisation d'une technologie d'assemblage MCM-L pour environnement haute pression forte température (120 MPa, 175°C)." Bordeaux 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002BOR12580.
Full textThe first part of this study is an analysis of electronics needs for severe environmental conditions, that is pressure/temperature combined stress, and so the different potentials applications domains, The second part establish a liste of degradation modes of assembly materials implied in prototypes manufacture. These protoypes are intend to word under 120Mpa of pressure and 175°C of température. Analytic modelisation of each degradation modes are listed; Then we designed and realised an environmental test bench to study our prototypes. The third part is a theoretical behavioural study of components parts under pressure/temperature combined stress. This study has been completed through an experimental analysis. Finally, the fourth part is an experimental analysis of complete prototypes manufactured for our study. This analysis deals about sturdiness of the electronic funcion, so as about the different assembly options degradations of each protoypes. This analysis has been completed with a simulation study using finite elements method
El, Babili Mohammed. "Métabolisme branchial de la sphingomyéline et transport du sodium chez deux espèces euryhalines : Dicentrarchus labrax et Carcinus maenas : influence de la température et de la salinté." Lyon 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997LYO10339.
Full textBobroff, Julien. "Etude par RMN des corrélations magnétiques dans les supraconducteurs à haute température critique: effets des impuretés." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 1997. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00001972.
Full textMejia, Daniel. "Effets de la température de paroi sur la réponse de la flamme à des oscillations acoustiques." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014INPT0026/document.
Full textCombustion instabilities, induced by the resonant coupling of acoustics and combustion occur in many practical systems such as domestic boilers, gas turbine and rocket engines. They produce pressure and heat release fluctuations that in some extreme cases can provoke mechanical failure or catastrophic damage. These phenomena have been extensively studied in the past, and the basic driving and coupling mechanisms have already been identified. However, it is well known that most systems behave differently at cold start and in the permanent regime and the coupling between the temperature of the solid material and combustion instabilities still remains unclear. The aim of this thesis is to study this mechanism. This work presents an experimental investigation of combustion instabilities for a laminar premixed flame stabilized on a slot burner with controlled wall temperature. For certain operating conditions, the system exhibits a combustion instability locked on the Helmholtz mode of the burner. It is shown that this instability can be controlled and even suppressed by changing solely the temperature of the burner rim. A linear stability analysis is used to identify the parameters playing a role in the resonant coupling and retrieves the features observed experimentally. Detailed experimental studies of the different elementary processes involved in the thermo-acoustic coupling are used to evaluate the sensitivity of these parameters to the wall temperature. Finally a theoretical model of unsteady heat transfer from the flame root to the burner-rim and detailed experimental measurements permit to establish the physical mechanism for the temperature dependance on the flame response
Mailly, Sandrine. "Effets de la température et de l'environnement sur la résistance à la fatigue d'alliages de titane." Poitiers, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999POIT2262.
Full textBiolchini, Romain. "Etudes des effets de température sur le bruit de jet subsonique par simulation des grandes échelles." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSEC064.
Full textIn this PhD thesis, the effects of temperature on aerodynamic development and acoustic radiation of subsonic jets are studied. This is done thanks to 3D compressible Large Eddy Simulations with low dissipative and dispersive numerical schemes that propagate the acoustic waves properly. The far-field noise is then determined with the acoustics analogy proposed by Ffowcs-Williams and Hawkings.First, single round jets are studied. Two operating points are computed: an isothermal jet and a hot jet with an exhaust temperature twice the one of the ambient air (Tj = 2T0). The comparison of both cases is based on a similar exhaust velocity. In both cases, Reynolds number based on the nozzle diameter is above 105. To validate numerical methodology, aerodynamic and acoustic results are successfully compared against experiments. Further analyses are conducted to highlight the new acoustic sources that result from the temperature increase and the effects on the azimuthal mode distribution.Secondly, a more complex geometry representative of a real turbofan engine is considered, including two streams and the plug. The same methodology as the one used for the single jet nozzle is applied. Again, two simulations are computed where the exhaust velocities of both streams are kept constant and only the exhaust primary stream temperature is modified (multiplied by two). Differences on aerodynamic development are less important than the ones observed on single stream jets. However, the upstream acoustic radiation is significantly influenced by the modification of the exhaust temperature. In the colder case, upstream acoustic trapped waves are evidenced in the core jet and interact with the plug. This phenomenon is not reproduced when the primary stream is heated and explains the observed differences on the acoustic radiation
Shi, Xiangjun. "Etude par simulations de dynamique des dislocations des effets d'irradiation sur la ferrite à haute température." Thesis, Paris 6, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA066500/document.
Full textThis study is a contribution to the multi-scale modeling of hardening and embrittlement of the vessel steel in Pressurized Water Reactors (PWR) under irradiation conditions. Dislocation Dynamics simulations (DD) were conducted to describe the plasticity of irradiated iron at grain scale. Quantitative information about the pinning strength of radiation-induced loops was extracted and can be transferred at crystal plasticity scale. Elementary interactions between an edge dislocation and different types of loops were first analyzed. A new model of DD was identified and validated, both qualitatively in terms of interaction mechanisms and quantitatively in terms of critical stress, using Molecular Dynamics results available in the literature. The influence of the size of the loops and of the strain rate was particularly studied. Elementary simulations involving a screw dislocation and the same radiation-induced defects were conducted and carefully compared to available MD results, extending the range of validity of our model. Finally, a set of massive simulations involving an edge dislocation and a large number of loops was performed and allowed a first estimation of the obstacle strength for this type of defects (α≈0.26). This value is in a good agreement with previous experimental and numerical studies, and gives us confidence in future work based on this new DD model
Serdechnova, Maria. "Le contrôle de réactivité d'aluminium en peinture anticorrosion résistant à la haute température." Paris 6, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA066287.
Full textThe aim of this work is to understand Al reactivity at a fundamental level and to use this knowledge for the development of Cr(VI)-free sacrificial paints for high temperature aeronautic applications. Pure Al, Al intermetallics and alloys are studied. The atomic emission spectroelectrochemistry is used to isolate the individual phenomena during paint degradation. A linear relationship between cathodic current and Al dissolution is shown and interpreted with a simple model where OH- generation, Al(OH)3 formation/dissolution and Al(OH)4− diffusion are kinetically coupled. For early formulations significant binder dissolution is measured under cathodic polarization, while Al reactivity is suppressed. Similar Al behavior is observed for Al-Mg intermetallics. In terms of the cathodically generated hydroxide mechanism these results are interpreted as the reaction of either Si or Mg with OH-. These results confirm the cathodic Al reactivity model. The loss of anodic activity is explained by the loss of electrical contact at the metal/oxide/polymer/substrate interfaces and the oxide layer modifications are studied to circumvent this problem. It is found that Mg2+ ions retard Al passivation and improve conductivity due to the formation of semiconducting spinel. Finally, two major factors are found to be critical for the Al reactivity control: solution pH and oxide properties. Using additives to control them, the new coating formulation stable up to 550°C and protective more than 1000H in salt spray test is developed
Neuville, Daniel R. "Propriétés thermodynamiques et rhéologiques des silicates fondus." Paris 7, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA077141.
Full textGrignon, Christophe. "Un modèle de thermique 2D appliqué aux structures hétérogènes creuses avec source intérieure mobile en régime fortement varié : le cas du tube d'arme en rafale." Poitiers, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995POIT2303.
Full textDjezzar, Karina. "Sur l'étirabilité et la biétirabilité de copolymères d'éthylène et d'alcool vinylique." Lille 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995LIL10087.
Full textBlanco, Éric. "Température et émissivité des matériaux sous choc : étude expérimentale par pyrométrie optique à travers un matériau fenêtre." Paris 10, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA100203.
Full textThe temperature is an important parameter to determine the equation of state of shock loaded materials. Indeed, to solve the hydrodynamics equations system (where this parameter does not appear explicitly), it is necessary ti use a complete equation of state connecting thermodynamics parameters : pressure, density, specific internal energy and temperature. In order to determine temperature along the isentropic release of studied material, a window material in lithium fluoride is used. Three different samples (bismuth, copper and tin) have been studied in a shock pressure range between 10 GPa and 100 GPa. We have designed and built a multispectral pyrometer having 8 measurement channels and operating in in a specral range between 0. 4 µm and 3. 5 µm. The pyrometer spectral range allows to uncouple the usually associated problems of studied material temperature and emissivity. The short wavelength measurement (visible range) allows to determine the true temperature of shocked material. Dynamic emissivity variation versus the wavelength is obtained in the infrared range and allows us to know the state changes undergo by the shocked material. The experimental results have allowed us to point out : - a temperature and emissivity increasing versus the shock pressure, - a state change (solid-liquid) for bismuth at shock pressure of 32 GPa
Adt, Isabelle. "Influence de facteurs environnementaux sur la physiologie et le métabolisme de SINORHIZOBIUM MELILOTI M5N1." Compiègne, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002COMP1421.
Full textJoffrey, Philippe de. "Compensation en température de la fréquence d'un oscillateur à quartz par module intégré de calcul analogique." Besançon, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989BESA2009.
Full textBédard, Éric. "Influence de la température sur le comportement au jeune âge du béton." Thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2009/26091/26091.pdf.
Full textThis project research concerns the influence of temperature on the early-age behaviour of young age concrete. The Centre de recherche sur les infrastructures en béton has developped a device (R2D2) that measures the displacements in concrete. Until now, this device was only used to measure the displacements in concrete under isothermal conditions. In order to use the R2D2 device under thermal variations, the design on the apparatus had to be revised. First, a software had to be created in order to control the thermal variations of concrete. Secondly, the device’s behaviour under thermal variations was evaluated. A study on the distribution of the temperature in the concrete and on the functionality of the data acquisition system was also carried out. The data acquisition system was not properly adapted for thermal variations so some material modifications were necessary. Finally, a method to calculate the evolution of the thermal dilation coefficient (TDC) of early-age concrete and the results of that evolution for six different concretes were analysed. The modifications that were made on the apparatus allowed to develop a method to calculate the TDC so that the errors caused by the thermal variation of the apparatus were eliminated. During the thermal variations tests, the apparatus was also undergoing thermal variations which caused errors in the TDC calculation. Once the modifications were made, the errors were eliminated and a better evaluation of the early-age concrete TDC was obtained. The study made on the six different concretes has demonstrated that the type of cement does not have a major influence on the early-age concrete TDC. On the contrary, the water-cement ratio seems to have an influence on the early-age values of the TDC. In general, the higher the water-cement ratio is, the higher is the early-age concrete TDC.