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Journal articles on the topic 'Magnet'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 July 2025

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1

Kaňuch, Ján, and Želmíra Ferková. "Design and simulation of disk stepper motor with permanent magnets." Archives of Electrical Engineering 62, no. 2 (2013): 281–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/aee-2013-0022.

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Abstract In this paper the design and the magneto-static simulation of axial-flux permanent- magnet stepper motor with the disc type rotor is presented. Disk motors are particularly suitable for electrical vehicles, robots, valve control, pumps, centrifuges, fans, machine tools and manufacturing. The brushless machine with axial flux and permanent magnets, also called the disc-type machine, is an interesting alternative to its cylindrical radial flux counterpart due to the disk shape, compact construction and high torque density. This paper describes a design of four phase microstepping motor

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2

Amjadian, Mohsen, and Anil K. Agrawal. "Planar arrangement of permanent magnets in design of a magneto-solid damper by finite element method." Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures 31, no. 7 (2020): 998–1014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1045389x20905968.

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This article studies the energy dissipation mechanism of a proposed magneto-solid damper using a three-dimensional finite element model developed in COMSOL Multiphysics software. The energy dissipation mechanism of the magneto-solid damper dissipates energy through combined actions of friction and eddy current damping. The key components of the magneto-solid damper are a steel plate, two copper plates placed on two sides of the steel plate in parallel, and two planar arrays of permanent magnets each one placed between the steel plate and one of the copper plates. These arrays are kept away fro

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Wu, Yichao, Yong Li, Guixian Wang, Chaohui Zhang, and Jihong Pang. "Performance Evaluation of a High-Torque Permanent Magnet Brake at Operating Temperature Based on Magneto-Thermal Coupling Method." Actuators 12, no. 4 (2023): 149. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/act12040149.

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As the key component of a servo motor, the torque and temperature rise of the brake at the operating temperature affect the production quality of injection molding machines and other equipment. To achieve application of the brake and evaluate its performance at a high operating temperature, a high-torque permanent magnet brake with an axial disc structure is proposed. The permanent magnet consists of six small magnets instead of the traditional monolithic ring magnet. The key parameters of the coil are designed, and the magneto-thermal coupling method is established. The magneto-thermal coupli

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Vannest, Jeremiah, and Julia Zhang. "Partially Segmented Permanent-Magnet Losses in Interior Permanent-Magnet Motors." Energies 18, no. 11 (2025): 2879. https://doi.org/10.3390/en18112879.

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Permanent-magnet losses in interior permanent-magnet (IPM) motors can result in high magnet temperatures and potential demagnetization. This study investigates using partially segmented magnets as an alternative to traditional segmented magnets to reduce these losses. Partial segmentation involves cutting slots into the magnet to redirect the eddy current path and reduce losses. The research explores analytical and finite element modeling of eddy current losses in partially segmented magnets in IPM machines. Various configurations and orientations of partial segmentation were examined to asses

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Dong, S. X., B. Li, B. S. Zhang, X. Q. Wang, and G. Y. Feng. "Design of A Permanent Quadrupole Magnet with Adjustable Magnetic Field Gradient." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2687, no. 2 (2024): 022029. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2687/2/022029.

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Abstract As compared to traditional magnets, permanent magnets can effectively reduce energy consumption and eliminate the impact of current ripple and the water cooling system on beam current. The use of permanent magnets in accelerators has become a new trend as permanent magnet technology has advanced. In HALF (Hefei Advanced Light Facility), we have designed a permanent magnet based on the quadrupole magnet, and the central magnetic field strength of the permanent magnet can be adjusted, indicating that single or multiple permanent magnets can be developed to replace different sizes of qua

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Singh, K., C. R. Tipton, E. Han, and T. Mullin. "Magneto-elastic buckling of an Euler beam." Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 469, no. 2155 (2013): 20130111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspa.2013.0111.

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We consider nonlinear elastic deformations of a magneto-elastic beam, using a combined experimental and theoretical approach. In the experiments, a beam had one end clamped with a magnet attached at its free end. When it was placed in an external magnetic field, it was susceptible to Euler beam buckling. However, the classic supercritical bifurcation associated with this buckling became subcritical when an attracting magnet was introduced in close proximity to the beam. To understand these experiments, we develop a model that couples the Euler elastica and dipole magnetic interactions with a u

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7

Garwood, Davis, Liyu Liu, Jirayu Mongkolkiattichai, Jin Yang, and Peter Schauss. "A hybrid Zeeman slower for lithium." Review of Scientific Instruments 93, no. 3 (2022): 033202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0081080.

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Zeeman slowers come in two commonly used types: electromagnet-based slowers and permanent-magnet slowers. Both have characteristic advantages and disadvantages. The electric currents required to create strong magnetic fields lead to heat dissipation that limits the achievable fields, while permanent-magnet slowers cause bias magnetic fields at the position of the magneto-optical trap. Here, we combine both approaches and their advantages at our lithium-6 triangular-lattice quantum gas microscope and extend the field of an electromagnet-based Zeeman slower using permanent magnets. We observe ne

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8

Anantha Krishna, G. L., and K. M. Sathish Kumar. "Evaluation of brake parameters in copper discs of various thicknesses and speeds using Neodymium – Iron – Boron Magnets." MATEC Web of Conferences 144 (2018): 01003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201814401003.

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Neodymium – Iron – Boron (NdFeB) permanent magnets of 12.5 mm thickness and 50 mm diameter are chosen for analyses because of their higher remanence and coercivity. Experimental analyses were carried out with Copper discs of thickness 4 mm, 6 mm and 8 mm at 2000 rpm, 3000 rpm, 4000 rpm and 5000 rpm. Experiments were conducted with three different positions of magnets such as 2 coaxial magnets, single magnet and single magnet with sudden application conditions. The brake parameters recorded are % speed reduction, deceleration and time taken. In 2 coaxial magnets condition, brake parameters are

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9

Sun, R. X., Z. G. Deng, Y. F. Gou, et al. "Feasibility of low-cost magnetic rail designs by integrating ferrite magnets and NdFeB magnets for HTS Maglev systems." International Journal of Modern Physics B 29, no. 25n26 (2015): 1542043. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979215420436.

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Permanent magnet guideway (PMG) is an indispensable part of high temperature superconducting (HTS) Maglev systems. Present PMGs are made of NdFeB magnets with excellent performance and cost much. As another permanent magnet material, the ferrite magnet is weak at magnetic energy product and coercive force, but inexpensive. So, it is a possible way to integrate the ferrite and NdFeB magnets for cutting down the cost of present PMGs. In the paper, the equivalent on magnetic field intensity between ferrite magnets and NdFeB magnets was evaluated by finite element simulation. According to the calc

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10

Yun, James M., Michelle W. Colburn, and Patrick J. Antonelli. "Cochlear Implant Magnet Displacement With Minor Head Trauma." Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 133, no. 2 (2005): 275–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.otohns.2005.02.018.

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Objectives: Manufacturers have introduced cochlear implants (CIs) with removable magnets to allow for magnetic resonance imaging after placement. The purpose of this study was to describe magnet displacement as a new CI complication and to suggest apossible treatment option to prevent its recurrence. Study Design: Retrospective case series. Methods: The records of 3 young males who experienced CI magnet dislodgement were reviewed and compared against records from the institutional implant database. Results: Magnet displacement was observed only in young males (14% of male children) who receive

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11

Sunwong, P., S. Klinkiew, T. Leetha, S. Prawanta, P. Singthong, and P. Songsiriritthigul. "Design of dipole magnets for Siam Photon Source II." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2431, no. 1 (2023): 012072. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2431/1/012072.

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Abstract Two types of dipole magnets are designed for the storage ring of Siam Photon Source II, the second synchrotron light source in Thailand. Magnetic field at the magnet center is 0.87 T, which bends a 3.0 GeV electron beam with the bending radius of 11.532 m and consequently the synchrotron radiation is generated. The first type of dipole magnet is a standard dipole with the magnet gap of 36 mm. The other type is designed for Infrared (IR) beamline with the larger magnet gap of 59 mm to accommodate a wide opening angle of IR radiation. The magnets are designed such that the operating cur

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12

Mills, Allan. "William Gilbert and ‘Magnetization by Percussion’." Notes and Records of the Royal Society 65, no. 4 (2011): 411–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsnr.2011.0014.

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In his De Magnete William Gilbert claims that it is possible to make a magnet by hammering a red-hot bar of wrought iron arranged north–south on an anvil. This is contrary to modern ideas concerning the ‘Curie temperature’ (770°C for carbon steel), and to the recognized susceptibility of steel magnets to mechanical abuse. It has proved impossible to replicate Gilbert's technique experimentally. Only lengthy cold hammering of hardened carbon steel specimens on a large ferrous anvil produced weak permanent magnets.

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13

Chang, Sungwoo, Noboru Niguchi, Je-Hoon Lee, and Katsuhiro Hirata. "Improvement of Torque Performance and Energy Density of PM-Type Vernier Motor Utilizing Saddle Coil and Salient Pole." Applied Sciences 11, no. 6 (2021): 2818. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11062818.

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In electric motors, the use of rare-earth magnets has been increasing rapidly. A stronger magnet force of the magnet enables the motor’s higher performance, resulting in the most high-performance motors generally using rare-earth magnets. However, these magnets have two crucial disadvantages: the potential restrictions on the supply of rare-earth magnetic materials and the sharp fluctuation in price. Thus, many recent researches focus on developing high-performance electric motors and reducing the use of critical rare-earth magnets. By increasing the torque density of the motor, we can reduce

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14

Koleleni, Yusuf Ismail. "Relationship between Temperature and the Magnetic Strength." Asian Journal of Research and Reviews in Physics 9, no. 1 (2025): 57–69. https://doi.org/10.9734/ajr2p/2025/v9i1182.

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The magnetic field will attract ferrous materials like iron or nickel. It also attracts or repels other magnets depending, on the polarity of the other magnets Permanent magnets are made from materials that will remain magnetized and are hence able to maintain the magnetic field around them continuously. The study aims at investigating the effect of temperature on the strength of magnets; emphasizing both the scientific and practical significance the work provides knowledge to undertand the properties of magnets of its strength when confronted with different temperatures. Once the results are

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15

Zhu, Xin-De, Wei-Ming Liu, Fei Wang, et al. "The Impact of Ho Addition on the Microstructural Features and Magnetic Performances of Sintered NdFeB Magnets." Magnetochemistry 11, no. 4 (2025): 32. https://doi.org/10.3390/magnetochemistry11040032.

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Two NdFeB magnets with distinct compositions were fabricated via an identical process. One magnet was doped with 2.5 wt.% of Ho, whereas the other remained undoped. Subsequently, grain boundary diffusion was performed on both magnets using metallic Tb, adopting the same set of technological parameters. A comprehensive analysis was conducted on the magnetic properties, phase compositions, microstructures, and elemental distributions of these two magnets. The findings indicate that the incorporation of Ho enhances the utilization efficiency of Tb. As a result, the magnets can achieve higher coer

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16

Polyakov, O. P., and P. A. Polyakov. "Determination of the optimal shape of permanent magnets of a given volume providing maximum strength of their magnetic coupling." Industrial laboratory. Diagnostics of materials 89, no. 10 (2023): 34–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.26896/1028-6861-2023-89-10-34-39.

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The ponderomotive force of the adhesion of two permanent magnets depends on their shape. We present the results of determining the optimal shape of ellipsoidal magnets providing maximum magnetic adhesion between them. The interaction of two halves of a magnet, which is an ellipsoid of revolution, and a magnet in the form of a long rod with an elliptical cross section, is analyzed. Analytical formulas for the cohesion forces in these cases are obtained. For a fixed mass or volume of magnets, the problem of optimizing the adhesion force is solved and a geometric shape which provide the maximum a

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17

Accardo, Antonella, Trentalessandro Costantino, and Ezio Spessa. "LCA of Recycled (NdDy)FeB Permanent Magnets through Hydrogen Decrepitation." Energies 17, no. 4 (2024): 908. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en17040908.

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Compared to conventional fossil-fueled vehicles, electric vehicles offer several environmental benefits. However, even electric vehicles are not completely environmentally friendly because many of their parts are not recycled today. These parts, especially the magnets that power them, end up in landfills at the end of the vehicle’s life cycle. This study aims to evaluate the environmental impacts of recycled (NdDy)FeB permanent magnets obtained by means of a novel hydrogen-decrepitation-based, magnet-to-magnet recycling technique. The Life Cycle Assessment methodology was used to compare, on a

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18

Rao, Dantam, and Madhan Bagianathan. "Selection of Optimal Magnets for Traction Motors to Prevent Demagnetization." Machines 9, no. 6 (2021): 124. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/machines9060124.

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Currently, permanent-magnet-type traction motors drive most electric vehicles. However, the potential demagnetization of magnets in these motors limits the performance of an electric vehicle. It is well known that during severe duty, the magnets are demagnetized if they operate beyond a ‘knee point’ in the B(H) curve. We show herein that the classic knee point definition can degrade a magnet by up to 4 grades. To prevent consequent excessive loss in performance, this paper defines the knee point k as the point of intersection of the B(H) curve and a parallel line that limits the reduction in i

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19

Ichimura, Yoshihiro, Hideki Takezawa, and Naotake Mohri. "Relationship between Magnetic Flux Density and Temperature Distributions of Permanent Magnets by EDM." Key Engineering Materials 523-524 (November 2012): 322–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.523-524.322.

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It is difficult to machine permanent magnets by traditional machining such as turning, milling and grinding, because of magnetic force. However, electrical discharge machining (EDM), which is a non-contact thermal machining method, has been used for shape machining of magnetic materials. In the EDM process, non-magnetic materials such as copper and graphite are typically used for electrodes. Magnetic materials have a Curie point; therefore, their magnetic flux density reduces when they are heated to a high temperature. Because EDM is a thermal process, it has the potential to control the magne

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20

Zhang, Rui Lin, Jie Feng, Ya Nan Qu, Ping Geng, and Shou Liang Qi. "Design and Electromagnetic FEM Analysis of a High Gradient Magnet for the Magnetic Targeted Drug Delivery System." Advanced Materials Research 753-755 (August 2013): 995–1001. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.753-755.995.

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Magnetic targeted-drug delivery system (MTDs) works as a promising cancer treatment approach, and is entering the mainstream. It applies an external magnetic field to attract and guide the magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) carrying treatment agent and targeted antibodies to the lesion region. Its key factor is the high gradient magnet. Here three types of magnets are proposed, i.e., open circuit magnet, close circuit magnet with planar poles, and close circuit magnet with concave-convex poles. And then their magnet field distributions are calculated through the finite element method (FEM). The sim

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21

Qin, Wan Zhong. "The Mold for Bonded NdFeB Magnet Compression Molding." Applied Mechanics and Materials 633-634 (September 2014): 747–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.633-634.747.

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Compression molding is the most important method to gain high quality bonded NdFeB magnets. The production process is preparation of composite powder, compression molding, coating and magnetizing. Based on test and lot production practice, the important effects of compression molding actions, mould structure and mould material on magnet quality are analyzed. The mold structures for ring-magnet and arc-magnet are fixed. The key techniques that controlling the quality of bonded NdFeB magnets are summarized.

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Song, Si-Woo, Seung-Heon Lee, and Won-Ho Kim. "Design and Analysis of Consequent Pole Axial Flux Motors for Reduced Torque Ripple and Magnet Consumption." Processes 13, no. 7 (2025): 2139. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr13072139.

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With growing demand for high-performance and high-efficiency motors, Axial Flux Permanent Magnet Motors (AFPMs) have received significant attention. These motors typically use rare-earth magnets due to their high magnetic and energy density. However, rare-earth magnets face challenges such as limited availability and price volatility, prompting research into reducing magnet usage. This study aims to reduce magnet consumption by applying a Consequent Pole (CP) structure to AFPMs. While CP structures improve magnet efficiency, they also introduce significant back-EMF ripple. To address this, an

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23

Manh, Tien Ho, Dinh Bui Minh, Tu Pham Minh, and Vuong Dang Quoc. "Investigation of the Influence of Skewed Slots and Degmagnetization Effects to Line Start Permanent Magnet Assistance Synchronous Reluctance Motors." Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research 13, no. 1 (2023): 9807–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.48084/etasr.5307.

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A permanent magnet assistance synchronous reluctance motor can start directly with a net voltage or a power converter via a torque control method. However, this motor has usually a higher irreversible demagnetization level in comparison with interior permanent magnet motors, due to the fewer permanent magnets in rotor slots. In order to cope with this disadvantage, different arrangements of permanent magnets in the rotor of the line-start permanent magnet assistance synchronous reluctance motor are proposed in this paper. The V magnet shape taking skewed slots and demagnetization effect into a

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Knopp, Tobias, Fabian Mohn, Fynn Foerger, et al. "Empirical Study of Magnet Distance on Magneto-Mechanical Resonance Frequency." Current Directions in Biomedical Engineering 10, no. 4 (2024): 377–80. https://doi.org/10.1515/cdbme-2024-2092.

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Abstract Determining the position and orientation of a medical instrument is essential for accurate procedures in endoscopy, surgery, and vascular interventions. Recently, a novel sensor based on torsional pendulum-like magneto-mechanical motion has been proposed. This sensor is passive, wireless and inductively coupled to a transmit-receive coil array. This setup allows the determination of all 6 degrees of freedom using the characteristic resonance of the sensor. Additional physical quantities such as temperature and pressure can be measured based on the frequency of the sensor, which mainly

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Li, Ziwei, Afef Kedous-Lebouc, Jean-Marc Dubus, Lauric Garbuio, and Sophie Personnaz. "Direct reuse strategies of rare earth permanent magnets for PM electrical machines – an overview study." European Physical Journal Applied Physics 86, no. 2 (2019): 20901. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjap/2019180289.

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The global supply of heavy rare earth magnets can become risky with the soaring demand of rare earth permanent magnet (PM) machines. One of the promising solutions is to reuse or recycle permanent magnets from end-of-Life electrical machines. This paper is an overview study of the state-of-the-art permanent magnet reuse and recycling research for electrical machines. Some methodologies for quantifying the recyclability of permanent magnet of electrical machines are also introduced.

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Öztürk, Yavuz, and Ismail Yariçi. "Research on a novel magnetic tilt sensor designed using Hall elements and ferrofluid." Journal of Electrical Engineering 70, no. 5 (2019): 406–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jee-2019-0073.

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Abstract In this study, a simple, adjustable, bidirectional tilt sensor was designed using a pair of linear Hall effect sensors and magnets. Theoretical analysis and experimental results of the sensor system were presented. The working principle of the designed sensor is based on sensing the magnetic field of a mobile magnet which displaces with respect to the tilt angle. Two magnet sets were placed at the two ends of the system to apply repulsive restoring forces on the mobile magnet. The mobile magnet was coated with a light hydrocarbon based ferrofluid as a lubricant to reduce friction. Fix

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Pogorelić, Zenon, Matija Borić, Joško Markić, Miro Jukić, and Leo Grandić. "A Case of 2-Year-Old Child with Entero-Enteric Fistula Following Ingestion of 25 Magnets." Acta Medica (Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic) 59, no. 4 (2016): 140–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.14712/18059694.2017.42.

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Introduction: Magnet ingestion usually does not cause serious complications, but in case of multiple magnet ingestion or ingestion of magnet with other metal it could cause intestinal obstruction, fistula formation or even perforation. Case report: We report case of intestinal obstruction and fistula formation following ingestion of 25 magnets in a 2-year-old girl. Intraoperatively omega shaped intestinal loop with fistula caused by two magnetic balls was found. Intestine trapped with magnetic balls was edematous and inflamed. Resection of intestinal segment was performed, followed by entero-e

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Wang, Yichao, Peng Gao, Xuan Luo, and Houxiang Han. "Electro-Magnetic and Stress Analysis of a −400 T2/m High-Field Gradient Magnet with a Room-Temperature Bore Size of 200 mm." Applied Sciences 14, no. 5 (2024): 1744. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app14051744.

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High-field-strength gradient superconducting magnets have been widely used in many fields. With advancements in technology, the demand for large-aperture magnets is gradually increasing, but there is relatively little research on the design and stress–strain of large-aperture gradient magnets. This article presents the design and analysis of a superconducting magnet characterized by a high field strength of 10 T, a strong gradient of −400 T2/m, and a large room-temperature bore of 200 mm. The aim of this project is to establish an experimental setup for the growth of Ga1−xInxSb crystals. The s

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Hunkun, Jiao, and Oleg Avrunin. "Feasibility analysis of implant movement along arc trajectory under non-contact control in magnetic stereotaxic system." Innovative Technologies and Scientific Solutions for Industries, no. 3(25) (September 30, 2023): 174–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.30837/itssi.2023.25.174.

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In this paper, the non-contact control of magnetic implants by changing the external magnetic field in the magnetic stereotaxic system is introduced, and the feasibility of making them move along the arc trajectory is analyzed. Through COMSOL software, the process of moving the miniature magnetic implant along the arc trajectory was simulated, the change of the micro-magnetic implant trajectory after the external magnetic field was changed, the relative position relationship between the large permanent magnets was determined, and the mechanical analysis of the miniature magnetic implant moving

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Panchal, T. H., A. N. Patel, and R. M. Patel. "Reduction of cogging torque of radial flux permanent magnet brushless DC motor by magnet shifting technique." Electrical Engineering & Electromechanics, no. 3 (May 30, 2022): 15–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.20998/2074-272x.2022.3.03.

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Introduction. In spite of many advantages of radial flux permanent magnet brushless DC motors it suffers from the distinct disadvantage of high cogging torque. The designer must emphasize to reduce the cogging torque during the design stage. This paper introduces magnet shifting technique to mitigate cogging torque of surface mounted radial flux brushless DC motor. Methodology. Initially 200 W, 1000 rpm surface mounted radial flux permanent magnet brushless DC motor is designed with symmetrical placement of permanent magnets with respect to each other on rotor core. Cogging torque profile of t

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Hodges, Nichole L., Sarah A. Denny, and Gary A. Smith. "Rare-Earth Magnet Ingestion–Related Injuries in the Pediatric Population: A Review." American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine 11, no. 3 (2015): 259–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1559827615594336.

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Foreign-body ingestions are common among children and usually resolve with limited, if any, treatment. The ingestion of rare-earth magnets, however, commonly results in serious injury or death. These dangerous high-powered magnets can be found in the United States in a variety of consumer products, including magnetic toy sets designed for children and adults. The ingestion of one of such magnet is unlikely to cause significant harm. However, if multiple magnets are ingested, or if a magnet is ingested along with a metal object, the magnets are powerful enough to attract each other through the

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Et.al, Byeong-Chul Lee. "Analysis Of Eddy Current Loss Of IPMSM According To The Material Of Permanent Magnet." Turkish Journal of Computer and Mathematics Education (TURCOMAT) 12, no. 6 (2021): 508–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/turcomat.v12i6.1959.

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In order to reach the performance of the permanent magnet embedded rotor, the choice of magnet is very important. It must be thermally stabilized, and at this point, discussion of eddy current losses is necessary.To proceed with this study, a permanent magnet embedded synchronous motor used in the compressor currently being designed was selected. To derive the eddy current losses in the neodymium-magnets, current density was calculated through the equation. The eddy current loss was mathematically derived using the magnetic conductivity and residual magnetic flux density. Finally, comparative

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Weir, Graham John, George Chisholm, and Jerome Leveneur. "The magnetic field about a three-dimensional block neodymium magnet." ANZIAM Journal 62 (April 25, 2021): 386–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.21914/anziamj.v62.14220.

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Neodymium magnets were independently discovered in 1984 by General Motors and Sumitomo. Today, they are the strongest type of permanent magnets commercially available. They are the most widely used industrial magnets with many applications, including in hard disk drives, cordless tools and magnetic fasteners. We use a vector potential approach, rather than the more usual magnetic potential approach, to derive the three-dimensional (3D) magnetic field for a neodymium magnet, assuming an idealized block geometry and uniform magnetization. For each field or observation point, the 3D solution invo

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Yi, Jian Hong, Li Ya Li, and Yuan Dong Peng. "Magnetic Properties and Microstructure of Sm₂Co₁₇-Based High Temperature Permanent Magnet." Materials Science Forum 534-536 (January 2007): 1341–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.534-536.1341.

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The coercivity of Sm2Co17-based permanent magnets at high operating temperature gradually increased with increasing Cu and Zr content, but decreased as the Fe content increased. The magnet Sm(Co0.7Fe0.1Cu0.16Zr0.04)6.7 that was studied had a room temperature intrinsic coercivity of about 30 kOe. For this magnet, the temperature coefficient of coercivity RT − 500 o C β and Hci at 500oC are -0.148%/oC and 8.6kOe. The magnet is composed mainly by 2:17R cell interior, 1:5 cell boundary phase, as well as 2:17H lamellar phase. There is a maze-like domain structure in the magnet. The HRXRD evidence s

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Palagummi, Sri Vikram, and Fuh-Gwo Yuan. "An enhanced performance of a horizontal diamagnetic levitation mechanism–based vibration energy harvester for low frequency applications." Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures 28, no. 5 (2016): 578–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1045389x16651152.

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This article identifies and studies key parameters that characterize a horizontal diamagnetic levitation mechanism–based low frequency vibration energy harvester with the aim of enhancing performance metrics such as efficiency and volume figure of merit. The horizontal diamagnetic levitation mechanism comprises three permanent magnets and two diamagnetic plates. Two of the magnets, lifting magnets, are placed co-axially at a distance such that each attracts a centrally located magnet, floating magnet, to balance its weight. This floating magnet is flanked closely by two diamagnetic plates whic

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Sirimanna, Samith, Thanatheepan Balachandran, and Kiruba Haran. "A Review on Magnet Loss Analysis, Validation, Design Considerations, and Reduction Strategies in Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors." Energies 15, no. 17 (2022): 6116. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15176116.

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Eddy current losses in magnets are a major consideration in the rotor design of permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs). Stator design choices and the use of modern inverters with high switching frequency introduce harmonics that can contribute to significant losses in the magnets, causing the rotor to heat up. In typical PMSMs, the lack of rotor cooling can cause the magnet’s performance to degrade at high temperatures and eventually demagnetize. This review examines a large number of studies analyzing magnet eddy current losses using analytical methods and finite-element analysis. In som

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Idayanti, Novrita, Azwar Manaf, and Dedi Dedi. "Magnet Nanokomposit Sebagai Magnet Permanen Masa Depan [Nanocomposite Magnets as Future Permanent Magnets]." Metalurgi 33, no. 1 (2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.14203/metalurgi.v33i1.433.

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da Silva, Melissa Rohrig Martins, R. G. T. Fim, S. C. Silva, Julio Cesar Serafim Casini, P. A. P. Wendhausen, and Hidetoshi Takiishi. "Influence of Alloying Elements Zr, Nb and Mo on the Microstructure and Magnetic Properties of Sintered Pr-Fe-Co-B Based Permanent Magnets." Materials Science Forum 930 (September 2018): 440–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.930.440.

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The addition of alloying elements on rare-earth permanent magnets is one of the methods used to improve the magnetic properties. This present work evaluates the influence of alloying elements such as Zr, Nb and Mo on the microstructure and magnetic properties of sintered Pr-FeCo-B based permanent magnets. The permanent magnets were produced by the conventional powder metallurgy route using powder obtained by hydrogen-decrepitation (HD) method from as cast alloys. In order to produce the magnet Pr16Fe66,9Co10,7B5,7Cu0,7 without alloying elements the mixture of alloys method was employed, mixing

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Bernad, Sandor I., and Elena Bernad. "Magnetic Forces by Permanent Magnets to Manipulate Magnetoresponsive Particles in Drug-Targeting Applications." Micromachines 13, no. 11 (2022): 1818. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi13111818.

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This study presents preliminary computational and experimental findings on two alternative permanent magnet configurations helpful for magnetic drug administration in vivo. A numerical simulation and a direct experimental measurement of the magnetic induction on the magnet system’s surface were used to map the magnetic field. In addition, the ferrite-type (grade Y35) and permanent neodymium magnets (grade N52) to produce powerful magnetic forces were also examined analytically and quantitatively. Ansys-Maxwell software and Finite Element Method Magnetism (FEMM) version 4.2 were used for all nu

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Yanagisawa, Y., M. Hamada, K. Hashi, and H. Maeda. "Review of recent developments in ultra-high field (UHF) NMR magnets in the Asia region." Superconductor Science and Technology 35, no. 4 (2022): 044006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6668/ac5644.

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Abstract This paper reviews recent developments in ultra-high field (UHF) superconducting magnets for nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) in the Asia regionin particular, those for high-resolution NMR magnets using high-temperature superconductor (HTS) coils. In Japan, a power supply driven-mode 1.02 GHz (24.0 T) NMR magnet using a Bi2Sr2Ca2Cu3O10-δ (Bi-2223) inner coil was developed in 2015, providing the first high-resolution NMR at a 1H NMR frequency of >1 GHz (23.5 T). In late 2017, a new project was started to develop a persistent-mode 1.3 GHz (30.5 T) NMR magnet comprising a RE(rare eart

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Tørris, Christine, Kari Helen Schøyen, and Elin Merete Wiklund. "Forbedring av rutiner rundt pasienter med vagusnervestimulator." Nordisk tidsskrift for helseforskning 10, no. 2 (2015): 151. http://dx.doi.org/10.7557/14.3330.

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<p>Improving routines for patients with vagus nerve stimulation</p><p>Background: Vagus Nerve Stimulator (VNS) is a form of therapy which may reduce the frequency of seizures in people with epilepsy, who do not achieve remission with antiepileptic drugs. A corresponding magnet providing an additional dose of stimulation may stop or shorten the intensity of the seizure.</p><p>Objective Investigate the practice and procedure regarding use and storage of a VNS Therapy magnet, to see whether introduction of a new routine with a permanent seat for VNS magnet may contri

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Shen, Chuang, Yingshun Zhu, Xiangchen Yang, et al. "Development of a high gradient superconducting quadrupole experimental magnet in CEPC interaction region." Journal of Instrumentation 20, no. 01 (2025): P01011. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/20/01/p01011.

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Abstract Compact high-gradient quadrupole magnets are required on both sides of the interaction points (IP) in the Circular Electron Positron Collider (CEPC) interaction region (IR). The dual-aperture superconducting quadrupole magnet Q1a is positioned closest to the IP with a crossing angle of 33 mrad between the two apertures. The electromagnetic design and development of Q1a faces great challenges due to the difficulties associated with the small aperture, high gradient and the magnetic field interference. This paper presents the electromagnetic design scheme of CEPC IR quadrupole magnets a

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Huang, Weida, Ke Xu, Xuefeng Liao, et al. "Inhomogeneity of the Backward Extruded NdFeB Ring Magnet Prepared from Amorphous Powders." Materials 16, no. 14 (2023): 5117. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16145117.

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Back extrusion is an important process to prepare radially oriented NdFeB ring magnets. In this work, we fabricate the ring magnets using amorphous magnetic powders as the raw material. The microstructure, magnetic properties, corrosion resistance, and mechanical properties of the backward extruded magnet at different positions along the axial direction have been investigated, and the inhomogeneity of the magnet is clarified. The results showed that the grains in the middle region of the ring magnet exhibit a strong c-axis orientation, whereas the grains at the bottom and top regions are disor

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Lu, Yan, and Jie Jia Hu. "Effect of Neodymium Magnet Field on Operation of Inductive Watt-Hour Meters." Applied Mechanics and Materials 197 (September 2012): 820–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.197.820.

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To the illegal stealing problem using strong magnets, the paper studied on the effect of neodymium magnet field on operation of single phase watt-hour meters. The experimental results show that the magnetic field of neodymium magnet increased braking torque of inductive watt-hour meters and caused the negative error, increased starting current， the instrument internal permanent magnet was magnetized, and anomalies of the permanent magnet degaussing can effectively detect electricity theft.

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Lee, Oliver Mitchell, and Mohammadali Abbasian. "Reducing Rare-Earth Magnet Reliance in Modern Traction Electric Machines." Energies 18, no. 9 (2025): 2274. https://doi.org/10.3390/en18092274.

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Currently, electric machines predominantly rely on costly rare-earth NdFeB magnets, which pose both economic and environmental challenges due to rising demand. This research explores recent advancements in machine topologies and magnetic materials to identify and assess promising solutions to this issue. The study investigates two alternative machine topologies to the conventional permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM): the permanent magnet-assisted synchronous reluctance machine (PMaSynRM), which reduces magnet usage, and the wound-field synchronous machine (WFSM), which eliminates magne

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Nagai, Keita, Naohiro Sugita, and Tadahiko Shinshi. "Batch Fine Magnetic Pattern Transfer Method on Permanent Magnets Using Coercivity Change during Heating for Magnetic MEMS." Micromachines 15, no. 2 (2024): 248. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi15020248.

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In magnetic microelectromechanical systems (MEMSs), permanent magnets in the form of a thick film or thin plate are used for structural and manufacturing purposes. However, the geometric shape induces a strong self-demagnetization field during thickness–direction magnetization, limiting the surface magnetic flux density and output power. The magnets must be segmented or magnetized in a fine and multi-pole manner to weaken the self-demagnetization field. Few studies have been performed on fine multi-pole magnetization techniques that can generate a higher surface magnetic flux density than segm

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Jiao, Hong Guang, Peng Liu, and Zhan Xu Tie. "Simulation Study on Magnetic Field Characteristics of High Magnetic Field Intensity Permanent Magnet Magnetic Filter." Advanced Materials Research 97-101 (March 2010): 2622–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.97-101.2622.

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To solve the conflict between separation space and magnetic field intensity, an original magnetic circuit structure system of permanent magnet magnetic filter is designed by utilizing multi-dimensional magnet extrusion technologies, with multi-block NdFeB magnets of different structures and magnetization directions. The inside diameter of the ring magnets and ring soft iron is taken as separating space. To inspect the distribution of the magnetic field characteristics of magnetic circuit system, mathematical model is established, and the designed magnetic circuit system is simulated, taking ad

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T., H. Panchal, N. Patel A., and M. Patel R. "Reduction of cogging torque of radial flux permanent magnet brushless DC motor by magnet shifting technique." Electrical Engineering & Electromechanics, no. 3 (May 30, 2022): 15–20. https://doi.org/10.20998/2074-272X.2022.3.03.

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<strong><em>Introduction. </em></strong><em>In spite of many advantages of radial flux permanent magnet brushless DC motors it suffers from the distinct disadvantage of high cogging torque. The designer must emphasize to reduce the cogging torque during the design stage. This paper introduces magnet shifting technique to mitigate cogging torque of surface mounted radial flux brushless DC motor. <strong>Methodology.</strong> Initially 200 W, 1000 rpm surface mounted radial flux permanent magnet brushless DC motor is designed with symmetrical placement of permanent magnets with re

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Demirköz, M. B., A. Avaroğlu, C. Seçkin, et al. "Quadrupole magnet design, manufacturing and the acceptance tests for METU-defocusing beamline." Journal of Instrumentation 18, no. 06 (2023): T06007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/18/06/t06007.

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Abstract Middle East Technical University Defocusing Beam Line (METU-DBL) performs the Single Event Effects (SEEs) radiation tests with protons in the range of 15 MeV to 30 MeV kinetic energy at Turkish Atomic Energy Authority Proton Accelerator Facility (TENMAK NÜKEN-PAF) for space and nuclear applications. The most critical beam transfer elements in the METU-DBL are three quadrupole magnets, which are used for defocusing the beam like optical lenses. The first two quadrupole magnets were purchased commercially, and the third quadrupole magnet was designed by the METU-DBL project team and man

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Kim, ByeongJun, Yongkeun Lee, and YoungSung Kim. "A study on demagnetization heat treatment of waste neodymium iron boron (NdFeB) magnets by using computer simulation." PeerJ Materials Science 5 (May 2, 2023): e28. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj-matsci.28.

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In this study, demagnetization heat treatment at 100 ∼400 °C is studied by using computer simulation to secure the optimal demagnetization heat treatment conditions for waste neodymium iron boron (NdFeB) permanent magnets. From the computer simulation, the temperature of the magnet during heat treatment is higher than the set temperature by up to 6 °C. Delay time occurs when the furnace internal temperature and magnet temperature reached the set temperature. A delay time of 15 minutes in an air atmosphere and 10 minutes in a nitrogen atmosphere occurs. The Nd magnet was completely demagnetized

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