Relevant bibliographies by topics / Magnetic materials. Magnetic fluids. Paramagnetism

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  1. Journal articles

Academic literature on the topic 'Magnetic materials. Magnetic fluids. Paramagnetism'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 16 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Magnetic materials. Magnetic fluids. Paramagnetism"

1

Rahman, Habibur, and Sergey A. Suslov. "Thermomagnetic convection in a layer of ferrofluid placed in a uniform oblique external magnetic field." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 764 (January 5, 2015): 316–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2014.709.

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AbstractLinear stability of magnetoconvection of a ferromagnetic fluid contained between two infinite differentially heated non-magnetic plates in the presence of an oblique uniform external magnetic field is studied in zero gravity conditions. The thermomagnetic convection that arises is caused by the spatial variation of magnetisation occurring due to its dependence on the temperature. The critical values of the governing parameters at which the transition between motionless and convective states is observed are determined for various field inclination angles and for fluid magnetic parameters that are consistently chosen from a realistic experimental range. It is shown that, similar to natural paramagnetic fluids, the most prominent convection patterns align with the in-layer component of the applied magnetic field but in contrast to such paramagnetic fluids the instability patterns detected in ferrofluids can be oscillatory. It is also found that, contrary to paramagnetic fluids, the stability characteristics of magnetoconvection in ferrofluids depend on the magnitude of the applied field which becomes an additional parameter of the problem. This is shown to be due to the nonlinearity of the magnetic field distribution within the ferrofluid.
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2

MAXEY, MARTIN R. "Biomimetics and cilia propulsion." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 678 (June 17, 2011): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2011.145.

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Many swimming microorganisms are able to propel themselves by the organized beating motion of numerous short flagella or cilia attached to their body surface. For their small size and the inherently viscous nature of the motion, this mechanism is very effective and they can swim several body lengths per second. The quest has been to see if artificial cilia may be developed and if the strategy of cilia propulsion can be used in microfluidic devices to transport fluids in a localized and controllable manner. Babataheri et al. (J. Fluid Mech., this issue, vol. 678, 2011, pp. 5–13) explore the response of chains of small paramagnetic beads that are elastically bonded together to form artificial cilia. The chain or fleximag is tethered to the surface and driven by external magnetic fields, responding also to both fluid and elastic forces. A key observation from their experiments and model is that for a simple planar-forcing strategy there is a hidden symmetry that limits the net transport of fluid.
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3

Xie, Nan, Yihai He, Ming Yao, and Changwei Jiang. "Lattice Boltzmann simulation of transient natural convection of air in square cavity under a magnetic quadrupole field." International Journal of Numerical Methods for Heat & Fluid Flow 26, no. 8 (2016): 2441–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/hff-07-2015-0277.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to apply the lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) with multiple distribution functions model, to simulate transient natural convection of air in a two-dimensional square cavity in the presence of a magnetic quadrupole field, under non-gravitational as well as gravitational conditions. Design/methodology/approach The density-temperature double distribution functions and D2Q9 model of LBM for the momentum and temperature equations are currently employed. Detailed transient structures of the flow and isotherms at unsteady state are obtained and compared for a range of magnetic force numbers from 1 to 100. Characteristics of the natural convection at initial moment, quasi-steady state and steady state are presented in present work. Findings At initial time, effects of the magnetic field and gravity are both relatively limited, but the effects become efficient as time evolves. Bi-cellular flow structures are obtained under non-gravitational condition, while the flow presents a single vortex structure at first under gravitational condition, and then emerges a bi-cellular structure with the increase of magnetic field force number. The average Nusselt number generally increases with the augment of magnetic field intensity. Practical implications This paper will be useful in the researches on crystal material and protein growth, oxygen concentration sensor, enhancement or suppression of the heat transfer in micro-electronics and micro-processing technology, etc. Originality/value The current study extended the application of LBM on the transient natural convective problem of paramagnetic fluids in the presence of an inhomogeneous magnetic field.
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4

Akamatsu, M., M. Higano, Y. Takahashi, and H. Ozoe. "Numerical Prediction on Heat Transfer Phenomenon in Paramagnetic and Diamagnetic Fluids Under a Vertical Magnetic Field Gradient." IEEE Transactions on Appiled Superconductivity 14, no. 2 (2004): 1674–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tasc.2004.831033.

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5

MOJOVIĆ, MILOŠ, MARKO DAKOVIĆ, MIA OMERAŠEVIĆ, et al. "THE PARAMAGNETIC PILLARED BENTONITES AS DIGESTIVE TRACT MRI CONTRAST AGENTS." International Journal of Modern Physics B 24, no. 06n07 (2010): 780–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979210064411.

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The increased use of imaging techniques in diagnostic studies, such as MRI, has contributed to the development of the wide range of new materials which could be successfully used as image improving agents. However, there is a lack of such substances in the area of gastrointestinal tract MRI. Many of the traditionally popular relaxation altering agents show poor results and disadvantages provoking black bowel, side effects of diarrhea and the presence of artifacts arising from clumping. Paramagnetic species seem to be potentially suitable agents for these studies, but contrast opacification has been reported and less than 60% of the gastrointestinal tract magnetic resonance scans showed improved delineation of abdominal pathologies. The new solution has been proposed as zeolites or smectite clays (hectorite and montmorillonite) enclosing of paramagnetic metal ions obtained by ion-exchange methods. However, such materials have problems of leakage of paramagnetic ions causing the appearance of the various side-effects. In this study we show that Co +2 and Dy +3 paramagnetic-pillared bentonites could be successfully used as MRI digestive tract non-leaching contrast agents, altering the longitudinal and transverse relaxation times of fluids in contact with the clay minerals.
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6

Greco, Adriana, Adriana R. Farina, and Claudia Masselli. "Caloric Solid-State Magnetocaloric Cooling: Physical Phenomenon, Thermodynamic Cycles and Materials." Tecnica Italiana-Italian Journal of Engineering Science 65, no. 1 (2021): 58–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.18280/ti-ijes.650109.

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Magnetic refrigeration is a promising and ecologic technology, alternative to the conventional vapor-compression refrigeration by the employment of solid-state materials as refrigerants instead of the fluid-state ones, own of vapour compression refrigeration. This emerging technology bases its operation on the MagnetoCaloric Effect (MCE), which is a physical phenomenon, related to solid-state materials with magnetic properties. For materials displaying simple magnetic ordering (i.e. paramagnetic to ferromagnetic phase transformations) a rapid increase in magnetic field causes a temperature rise in the material; likewise, a rapid reduction in the field causes cooling. This variation in temperature is called adiabatic temperature change. In 1982 the Active Magnetic Regenerative refrigeration cycle, well known as AMR cycle was introduced. The innovative idea considers a magnetic Brayton cycle but the main innovation consists of introducing the AMR regenerator concept, i.e. the employment of the magnetic material itself both as refrigerant and as regenerator. A secondary fluid is used to transfer heat from the cold to the hot end of the regenerator. Substantially every section of the regenerator experiments its own AMR cycle, according to the proper working temperature. Through an AMR one can appreciate a larger temperature span among the ends of the regenerator.
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7

Filar, Piotr, Elzbieta Fornalik, Toshio Tagawa, Hiroyuki Ozoe, and Janusz S. Szmyd. "Numerical and Experimental Analyses of Magnetic Convection of Paramagnetic Fluid in a Cylinder." Journal of Heat Transfer 128, no. 2 (2005): 183–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2142334.

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The magnetic convection of paramagnetic fluid in a cylindrical enclosure is studied experimentally and numerically. The upper side wall of the cylinder is cooled and the lower side wall heated, an unstable configuration. The whole system is placed coaxially in a bore of a superconducting magnet in the position of the minimum radial component of magnetic buoyancy force at the middle cross section of the enclosure. The stable configuration— when the whole system is placed inversely and the horizontal axial case are also considered. As a paramagnetic fluid an aqueous solution of glycerol with the gadolinium nitrate hexahydrate is used. The isotherms in the middle-height cross section are visualized by thermochromic liquid crystal slurry. For the unstable configuration the magnetic buoyancy force acts to assist the gravitational buoyancy force to give multiple spoke patterns at the mid cross section. The stable configuration gives an almost stagnant state without the magnetic field. Application of the magnetic field induces the convective flow similar to the unstable configuration. For the horizontal configuration a large roll convective flow (without the magnetic field) is changed under the magnetic field to the spoke pattern. The numerical results correspond to the experimental results.
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8

Rheinländer, Thomas, Róman Kötitz, Werner Weitschies, and Wolfhard Semmler. "Magnetic fractionation of magnetic fluids." Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials 219, no. 2 (2000): 219–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0304-8853(00)00439-x.

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9

Galicia, Jos Alberto, Olivier Sandre, Fabrice Cousin, Dihya Guemghar, Christine M nager, and Val rie Cabuil. "Designing magnetic composite materials using aqueous magnetic fluids." Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter 15, no. 15 (2003): S1379—S1402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/15/15/306.

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10

Noginova, N., F. Chen, T. Weaver, E. P. Giannelis, A. B. Bourlinos, and V. A. Atsarkin. "Magnetic resonance in nanoparticles: between ferro- and paramagnetism." Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter 19, no. 24 (2007): 246208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/19/24/246208.

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