Journal articles: 'Magnetism. Electromagnetism'

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Bezen, Sevim, Işıl Aykutlu, and Celal Bayrak. "An Examination of the Relationship between High School Students’ Self-efficacy Perceptions Concerning Electromagnetism and Their Academic Success." SHS Web of Conferences 48 (2018): 01049. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20184801049.

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In the study, “Magnetism and Electromagnetic Induction” topic, which is part of the unit titled Electricity and Magnetism within the 11th grade Physics program that came into effect in 2013. In this study that aims to examine the relationship between high school students’ self-efficacy perceptions concerning electromagnetism and their academic success, study group consists of students who are enrolled at the 11th grade of Anatolian high schools in Ankara. Selection criterion was that students have completed covering “Magnetism and Electromagnetic Induction” topic. Within the scope of the study, answers to following questions were sought: “What is the self-efficacy level of 11th-grade students concerning electromagnetism?”, “What is the academic success levels of 11th grade students concerning electromagnetism?” and “Is there a meaningful relationship between students’ perception of self-efficacy concerning electromagnetism and their academic success?”. At the end of the study, it was revealed that students experience problems with electromagnetism, and thus they do not have a high perception of self-efficacy.

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Zhao, Guo Sheng, Zi Xia Cheng, Xiu Pang Wang, Dong Xue Li, Ke Yao, and Ke Qin Sun. "Simulation Research of Three-Phase Magnetic Controllable Reactor." Advanced Materials Research 538-541 (June 2012): 975–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.538-541.975.

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A kind of new type three-phase magnetism valve type controllable reactor is proposed in this article, its structure and the principle are introduced. The article carried the electromagnetism analysis on the new type magnetism valve type controllable reactor, and established the three-phase magnetism valve type controllable reactor two-dimensional simulation model with Ansoft electric-magnetic field analysis software. Simulation results verified the feasibility of adjusting the reactor reactance smoothly by adjusting the thyristor's triggering angle. Lastly, it made an analysis about three-phase magnetism valve type controllable reactor's electromagnetism field distribution.

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Chen, Ming Baio, Xiao Min Wang, Ri Ping Liu, Qing Xiang Yang, Wen Chang Liu, You Sheng Tao, Jun Yan, Xiao Yi Ma, Jian Li, and Pan Pan Zhai. "Methods and Equipment of Vacuum and Electromagnetism Suspending Distillation for Fine of Non-Ferrous Metals." Advanced Materials Research 295-297 (July 2011): 1150–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.295-297.1150.

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A kind of invention by make the technology excellence band together of vacuum distillation refines and Vacuum and electromagnetism refine. A kind of methods and equipment for fine of Non-ferrous metals, the unusual is: use the electromagnetism force and mix round effect of electro-magnetic induction for heat up and mix round and element distill process under electro-magnetism suspend state of Non-ferrous materials. A kind of equipment and equipment for fine of non-ferrous metals consist of vacuum furnace body, electro-magnetism loop, crucible, condenser and materials vacuum resent device, etc.; The main character is: the electro-magnetism loop is electro-magnetism conductor suspend loop which located the outside or inside the body of the furnace with a tier of insulation and magnetism transmit material. The aim of which is to develop the pureness of the product by electro-magnetism suspend vacuum distillation or deoxidize distillation and efficiency of smelting; reduce the cost of the smelting.

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Qadir, Asghar, and D. P. Mason. "Sesquicentennial of the presentation by James Clerk Maxwell of his paper "A Dynamical Theory of the Electromagnetic Field" to the Royal Society of London." International Journal of Modern Physics: Conference Series 38 (January 2015): 1560070. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010194515600708.

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James Clerk Maxwell is generally regarded as the greatest contributor to the development of Physics in the time between Newton and Einstein. His most important contributions are the Kinetic Theory of Gases and Electromagnetism which is the unified theory of Electricity and Magnetism. Although his major work on Electromagnetism was published in 1865 it was read at a meeting of the Royal Society of London in 1864. The sesquicentennial of the theory correctly falls in 2014. In this article that event is celebrated. Parts of his early and professional life are described. Aspects of his many contributions are discussed but mainly we concentrate on his contributions through thermal and electromagnetic Physics.

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JIMÉNEZ, JOSE BELTRÁN, and ANTONIO L. MAROTO. "THE DARK MAGNETISM OF THE UNIVERSE." Modern Physics Letters A 26, no. 40 (December 28, 2011): 3025–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217732311037315.

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Despite the success of Maxwell's electromagnetism in the description of the electromagnetic interactions on small scales, we know very little about the behavior of electromagnetic fields on cosmological distances. Thus, it has been suggested recently that the problems of dark energy and the origin of cosmic magnetic fields could be pointing to a modification of Maxwell's theory on large scales. Here, we review such a proposal in which the scalar state which is usually eliminated by means of the Lorenz condition is allowed to propagate. On super-Hubble scales, the new mode is essentially given by the temporal component of the electromagnetic potential and contributes as an effective cosmological constant to the energy–momentum tensor. The new state can be generated from quantum fluctuations during inflation and it is shown that the predicted value for the cosmological constant agrees with observations, provided inflation took place at the electroweak scale. We also consider more general theories including non-minimal couplings to the spacetime curvature in the presence of the temporal electromagnetic background. We show that both in the minimal and non-minimal cases, the modified Maxwell's equations include new effective current terms which can generate magnetic fields from sub-galactic scales up to the present Hubble horizon. The corresponding amplitudes could be enough to seed a galactic dynamo or even to account for observations just by collapse and differential rotation in the protogalactic cloud.

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Rehn, J., and R. Moessner. "Maxwell electromagnetism as an emergent phenomenon in condensed matter." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 374, no. 2075 (August 28, 2016): 20160093. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2016.0093.

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The formulation of a complete theory of classical electromagnetism by Maxwell is one of the milestones of science. The capacity of many-body systems to provide emergent mini-universes with vacua quite distinct from the one we inhabit was only recognized much later. Here, we provide an account of how simple systems of localized spins manage to emulate Maxwell electromagnetism in their low-energy behaviour. They are much less constrained by symmetry considerations than the relativistically invariant electromagnetic vacuum, as their substrate provides a non-relativistic background with even translational invariance broken. They can exhibit rich behaviour not encountered in conventional electromagnetism. This includes the existence of magnetic monopole excitations arising from fractionalization of magnetic dipoles; as well as the capacity of disorder, by generating defects on the lattice scale, to produce novel physics, as exemplified by topological spin glassiness or random Coulomb magnetism. This article is part of the themed issue ‘Unifying physics and technology in light of Maxwell's equations’.

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Ciobanu, Robert, Maurizio Repetto, Octavian Dontu, Fabio Freschi, and Tudor Prisecaru. "Device Used for Magnetic Treatment of Fuel Fluids before Burner." Applied Mechanics and Materials 186 (June 2012): 214–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.186.214.

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Worldwide magnetism was considered a "stepchild" of electromagnetism, but lately this has changed, and scientists give it great importance today, making a series of studies in which it is the main "actor". Regarding the magnetostatic field, the appearance of magnets with high performance, has led the development of permanent magnet structures with different technical applications, which successfully replace electromagnets. In this paper our main objective was to design and test a device used for magnetic treatment of fuel fluid which flow through pipes before burner to improve combustion dynamics and decrease the released fumes.

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Nolan, Sam. "Electricity and Magnetism (3rd ed.) by E Purcell and D Morin." New Directions in the Teaching of Physical Sciences, no. 9 (February 12, 2016): 109. http://dx.doi.org/10.29311/ndtps.v0i9.507.

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This book is an excellent updated introduction to this classic 50 year old text for 1st and 2nd year undergraduate electromagnetism. Starting from the basic concept of electronic charge and building in neat sequential units, from electrostatics, through current and into magnetism, it provides an excellent introduction to Maxwell’s equations.

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Moored, Keith W. "Effect of conservation of spatial volume on electromagnetism." Physics Essays 34, no. 2 (June 27, 2021): 248–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4006/0836-1398-34.2.248.

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This essay presents an alternate mechanism for electromagnetism and provides arguments supporting new concepts of this phenomenon. Electricity and magnetism are defined and influenced by the electric permittivity ε o and magnetic permeability μ o physical constants of the vacuum. This essay's concepts are predicated on the notion that the free-space vacuum appears to be composed of an energy field with characteristics of an elastic medium termed the “spatial energy field” or SEF. It is proposed that the geometric volume of the SEF requires conservation, and this is achieved via stretching or compression of space exhibiting wavelike qualities. The SEF, representing spacetime, has specific properties related to the emergence of an electrical field force via the Poynting vector. Magnetic field force appears to emanate from the SEF based on the Lorentz force. Space (SEF) appears to mediate energy fields, such as electrical and magnetic fields, and provides a framework for the transmission of electromagnetic waves in addition to momentum-gravitational waves. Conservation of spatial volume influences these phenomena.

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Overduin, James, Taylor Pettaway, Hannah Clark, and Mark Edmonston. "Rolling Railgun: A Lab Activity for Introductory Electromagnetism." Physics Educator 02, no. 04 (December 2020): 2050017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2661339520500171.

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We describe a laboratory exercise for an introductory calculus-based electricity and magnetism course in which students construct and study the performance of a “rolling railgun” formed by two small coin magnets connected by a ferromagnetic axle which carries current from one rail to the other. This exercise can be scaled up from a simple, mostly qualitative activity to a more comprehensive comparison between theory and experiment that will challenge students’ calculus skills. The required components are small and inexpensive enough to mail to students who are taking the course remotely. We report on our initial success in incorporating this lab into our curriculum at Towson University.

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Özdemir, Erdoğan, and Mustafa Coramik. "REASONS OF STUDENT DIFFICULTIES WITH RIGHT-HAND RULES IN ELECTROMAGNETISM." Journal of Baltic Science Education 17, no. 2 (April 25, 2018): 320–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.33225/jbse/18.17.320.

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In electromagnetism, to determine the direction of the electromagnetic force and magnetic field, the right-hand rule (RHR) is used. Previous researches show that students have difficulty in applying the RHR. This research is aimed to find out the factors which make it difficult for the students to apply the RHR. To achieve this, qualitative case study design is used and 270 students who took Basic Physics II course at university participated. The Right-Hand Rule-Diagnostic Test (RHR-DT) and the unstructured interview were used as data collection tools. In the analysis of the data, firstly, the right-hand types used by the students were determined. Then the right-hand types used by the students in the solution of each task are presented. After that, eight of these students were interviewed about their RHR-DT answers and those interviews were video recorded. Video recordings are divided into three categories according to the level of students: upper, middle and lower. According to the results of this research, it can be said that the conceptual understanding of electromagnetism, the vector algebra and spatial cognition effect the usage of the RHR. In the light of research results, suggestions were made for the teaching of RHR to physics teachers. Keywords: magnetism education, right-hand rule, conceptual understanding, vector algebra, spatial cognition.

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Baldwin, Ian. "Discovery of Electricity and the Electromagnetic Force: Its Importance for Environmentalists, Educators, Physicians, Politicians, and Citizens." Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal 7, no. 12 (December 25, 2020): 362–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.14738/assrj.712.9532.

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The discovery of static electricity in the 18th century and electromagnetism in the 19th was one of the most momentous scientific-technological events in human history. In the 21st century our way of life depends on the electromagnetic force so totally that were our electromagnetic infrastructure to collapse, our civilization would collapse virtually simultaneously. Despite this situation of profound dependency, few citizens understand the electromagnetic force, how it was discovered, how it works, and what wonders of modern life it controls. Nor do citizens understand the roles that Earth’s magnetosphere, ionosphere, and global electric circuit play in making electricity and life possible. Here, I review Earth’s natural electric environment and how electricity first began to be scientifically understood with the innovation of the Leyden jar in the mid-18th century; Franklin’s insights about electricity’s positive and negative poles, and its movement (later named a “current”); Galvani’s discovery of bioelectricity; and Volta’s seminal invention of the bi-metallic electrochemical battery in 1800. Ørsted’s discovery that an electric current affected a magnetized needle, causing it to swivel, in 1820 led to experiments with electromagnets by Schweigger, Arago, Ampère, Sturgeon, Henry, Faraday, and others over the course of the next decade. Observing how conducting wires induced magnetism in iron bars whenever the wires were electrified, Faraday and Henry separately discovered the principle of induction, whereby a moving magnetic field could reciprocally induce electricity in a coiled wire. Out of these momentous discoveries the “magneto-electric” telegraph was invented, and, within a single generation, the world was wired.

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Mangiorou, Eleni. "Magnetometry in Space Exploration." Key Engineering Materials 644 (May 2015): 266–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.644.266.

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Magnetometry in space exploration is a field utilizing physical laws of magnetism and electromagnetism, which studies the magnetosphere of planets and their possible satellites in order to map the planetary or interplanetary magnetic fields and to extract information on the structural composition of the planets (targeting mining mapping) and the complex interactions between the plasma and the solar wind. However, in order to achieve this kind of magnetic measurements based on highly sensitive magnetometers, magnetic cleanliness must be prevailed. This makes necessary the knowledge of the magnetic field generated by potential sites within the area of spacecraft.

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Al-Khalili, Jim. "The birth of the electric machines: a commentary on Faraday (1832) ‘Experimental researches in electricity’." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 373, no. 2039 (April 13, 2015): 20140208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2014.0208.

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The history of science is filled with examples of key discoveries and breakthroughs that have been published as landmark texts or journal papers, and to which one can trace the origins of whole disciplines. Such paradigm-shifting publications include Copernicus' De revolutionibus orbium coelestium (1543), Isaac Newton's Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica (1687) and Albert Einstein's papers on relativity (1905 and 1915). Michael Faraday's 1832 paper on electromagnetic induction sits proudly among these works and in a sense can be regarded as having an almost immediate effect in transforming our world in a very real sense more than any of the others listed. Here we review the status of the subject—the relationship between magnetism and electricity both before and after Faraday's paper and delve into the details of the key experiments he carried out at the Royal Institution outlining clearly how he discovered the process of electromagnetic induction, whereby an electric current could be induced to flow through a conductor that experiences a changing magnetic field. His ideas would not only enable Maxwell's later development of his theory of classical electromagnetism, but would directly lead to the development of the electric dynamo and electric motor, two technological advances that are the very foundations of the modern world. This commentary was written to celebrate the 350th anniversary of the journal Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society .

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De-kui, Xin, Nie Song-lin, Ji Hui, and Yin Fang-long. "Characteristics, Optimal Design, and Performance Analyses of MRF Damper." Shock and Vibration 2018 (June 27, 2018): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/6454932.

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Magnetorheological fluid (MRF) damper is one of the most promising semiactive devices for vibration control. In this paper, a shear-valve mode MRF damper for pipeline vibration control is proposed. The dynamic model and the state equation of the pipeline are established and the linear quadratic regulator (LQR) is used to generate the optimal damping force of MRF damper. The design concept considering the structure and the electromagnetic properties simultaneously is discussed in detail. A mathematical model of the relation between shear stress and control current based on interpolation method is established. Finite element analysis (FEA) software COMSOL is selected to simulate the magnetic field and electromagnetism-thermal field of the MRF damper. A computational method based on the simulation model is established to calculate the shear stress. In order to reduce the magnetic leakage, a method of adding magnetism-insulators at both ends of the piston head is presented. The influence of control current, displacement, and velocity on mechanical performance of the proposed MRF damper is experimentally investigated. The test results show that the performance of the MRF damper is basically identical with the theoretical prospective and the simulation conclusions, which proves the correctness and feasibility of this design concept.

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Martínez Moya, Sergio, and Nuria Boluda Botella. "Review of Techniques to Reduce and Prevent Carbonate Scale. Prospecting in Water Treatment by Magnetism and Electromagnetism." Water 13, no. 17 (August 28, 2021): 2365. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13172365.

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Carbonate scale is one of the main problems in hot water systems, and therefore, interest in this subject has grown since 2000s. Water treatments, based on magnetic and electromagnetic (EM) techniques to prevent scale, are being commercialized, but their effectiveness is not clearly demonstrated because it depends on temperature, pressure, dissolved CO2, pH, field intensity, water flow, etc. In this paper, a review of these techniques, together with other classical techniques, such as chemical softening, the use of inhibitors, ion exchange, electrochemical and membrane treatments is presented. The latter alter the composition of the water and generate hazardous waste for health and the environment, unlike magnetic and EM treatments, which are considered non-invasive techniques. Different hypotheses are used to explain the effect of these treatments, such as the formation of aragonite instead of calcite or crystal nuclei formation within the fluid. Analysis of salts formed with SEM, X-ray diffraction, or colorimetric tests seem to support the efficiency of these treatments since study in the fluid is not easy. Dissolution of the formed scale or its prevention endorse the commercialization of these techniques, but their effectiveness must be verified in each installation.

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Carter, Christopher. ""The sea fryseth not": science and the open polar sea in the nineteenth century." Earth Sciences History 32, no. 2 (January 1, 2013): 235–351. http://dx.doi.org/10.17704/eshi.32.2.p4808m837636388x.

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While generally dismissed by historians as a romantic fantasy, the theory of an open polar sea fit into the context of a more unified view of the natural world developed in the early nineteenth century and exemplified by romantic philosophical ideas. Oersted's discovery of electromagnetism encouraged research into the possible connections between electricity, magnetism, heat and light. At the same time, there was renewed interest in geomagnetism inspired by Hansteen's revival of the four-pole theory of the Earth's magnetic field. Incorporating these works into a new theory of climate created a space for an ice-free Arctic by allowing a milder climate in the high latitudes. This attempt to fuse the study of meteorology and geomagnetism reinforced existing beliefs in an open polar sea and placed this sailor's dream into a holistic worldview that joined different natural phenomena in an effort to find one unifying principle behind all of nature.

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Diprose, Mike F., D. Syder, and J. Morland. "'Moonlight and Magnetism': A theatrical performance of electromagnetism, poetry and dance as a stimulus for ideas to use in the lecture theatre." Teaching in Higher Education 5, no. 4 (October 2000): 547–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/713699174.

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Li, Huawang. "Using three elementary particles to construct the physical world." Physics Essays 34, no. 2 (June 27, 2021): 236–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4006/0836-1398-34.2.236.

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In this paper, we conjecture that gravitation, electromagnetism, and strong nuclear interactions are all produced by particle collisions by determining the essential concept of force in physics (that is, the magnitude of change in momentum per unit time for a group of particles traveling in one direction), and further speculate the existence of a new particle, Yizi. The average kinetic energy of Yizi is considered to be equal to Planck’s constant, so the mass of Yizi is calculated to be <mml:math display="inline"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>7.37</mml:mn> <mml:mo>×</mml:mo> <mml:msup> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>10</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>−</mml:mo> <mml:mn>51</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> kg and the average velocity of Yizi is <mml:math display="inline"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>4.24</mml:mn> <mml:mo>×</mml:mo> <mml:msup> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>10</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:mn>8</mml:mn> </mml:msup> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> m/s. The universe is filled with Yizi gas, the number density of Yizi can reach <mml:math display="inline"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>1.61</mml:mn> <mml:mo>×</mml:mo> <mml:msup> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>10</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>64</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> /m3, and Yizi has no charge. After abandoning the idealism of physics, I try to construct a physical framework from three elementary particles: Protons, electrons, and Yizis. (The elementary particles mentioned here generally refer to the indivisible particles that constitute objects.) The effects of Yizi on the conversion of light, electricity, magnetism, mass, and energy as well as the strong nuclear and electromagnetic forces are emphasized. The gravitation of electromagnetic waves is measured using a Cavendish torsion balance. It is shown experimentally that electromagnetic waves not only produce pressure (repulsion) but also gravitational forces upon objects. The universe is a combination of three fundamental particles. Motion is eternal and follows the laws of conservation of energy and momentum. There is only one force: The magnitude of change in momentum per unit time for a group of particles traveling in one direction. Furthermore, this corresponds to the magnitude of the force that the group of particles exerts in that direction. From this perspective, all physical phenomena are relatively easy to explain.

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Castro, Shuanne Machado, Elisiany Dos Santos Brito, and Silvete Coradi Guerini. "SIMULAÇÃO COMPUTACIONAL E ATIVIDADE EXPERIMENTAL: ferramentas educaci-onais para auxiliar o ensino de física." Cadernos de Pesquisa 25, no. 1 (April 24, 2018): 149. http://dx.doi.org/10.18764/2178-2229.v25n1p149-156.

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Este trabalho é resultado de uma pesquisa de caráter experimental realizada em uma escola pública estadual na cidade de São Luís, Maranhão, durante o primeiro semestre de 2015. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida pensando nas dificuldades relatadas pelos professores e alunos relativos ao ensino e a aprendizagem dos temas eletrostática e eletromagnetismo na abordagem sobre força elétrica, campo elétrico, resistores e suas associações, magnetismo, indução magnética, geradores e capacitores e suas associações, dentre outros assuntos. As simulações computacionais e os experimentos foram utilizados como ferramentas auxiliares no processo de aprendizagem de alunos do terceiro ano do ensino médio, seguindo três etapas: inicialmente, aplicou-se um questionário para verificar conhecimentos específicos dos temas a serem abordados; na segunda etapa, foram realizadas atividades utilizando simulações computacionais e práticas experimentais; e, por último, foi reaplicado o questionário inicial, a fim de verificar o desenvolvimento dos estudantes com o uso das duas ferramentas. A pesquisa mostrou que o uso das duas ferramentas proporcionou aos estudantes aprendizagem mais significativa, sendo que simulações computacionais mostraram maior potencial de inserção na escola como ferramentas auxiliares, por demandar menor custo para sua manutenção e menor tempo para o planejamento das aulas, quando comparado com as atividades experimentais. O uso destas ferramentas possibilitou uma nova visão da disciplina de física para os estudantes participantes.COMPUTATIONAL SIMULATION AND EXPERIMENTAL ACTIVITY: educational tools to aid the teaching of physicsAbstractThis work is the result of an experimental research realized in a state public school on city of São Luís, Maranhão, during the first semester of 2015. The research was developed considering the difficulties reported by teachers and students to teach and learn of the electrostatic and electromagnetism subjects, such as electric force, electric field, resistors and their associations, magnetism, magnetic induction, generators and capacitors and their associations and others subjects. The Computational simulations and experiments were used as auxiliary tools in the learning process of students of third year high school students following three stages: initially a questionnaire was applied to verify the specific knowledge of the topics to be addressed; on the second stage was realized activities using computational simulations and experimental practices; and finally the initial questionnaire was reapplied to verify the student’s development with the two tools. The research showed that the use of both tools provided the students a learning effective, and computational simulations showed greater potential for insertion in the school as auxiliary tools, because they demand less cost for their maintenance and less time for class planning when compared with experimental activities. The use of these tools have possibility a new insight into the physics discipline for the participating students.Keywords: Physics teaching. Computer simulations. Experimental activities. Learning and teaching.SIMULACIÓN COMPUTACIONAL Y ACTIVIDAD EXPERIMENTAL: herramientas educativas para auxiliar la enseñanza de físicaResumenEste trabajo es el resultado de una investigación de carácter experimental realizado en una escuela pública en la ciudad de São Luís, Maranhão, durante el primer semestre de 2015. La investigación fue desarrollada teniendo en cuenta las dificultades señaladas por los profesores y estudiantes para la enseñanza y el aprendizaje de los temas: la electrostática y el electromagnetismo en el enfoque de la energía eléctrica, campo eléctrico, resistencias y sus asociaciones, el magnetismo, la inducción magnética, generadores y condensadores y sus asociaciones, entre otros asuntos. Las simulaciones computacionales y los experimentos fueran utilizados como herramientas auxiliares en el proceso de aprendizaje de alumnos del tercer año de la enseñanza media, siguiendo tres etapas: inicialmente se aplicó un cuestionario para comprobar el conocimiento específico de los temas a tratar; en la segunda etapa se realizaron actividades utilizando simulaciones computacionales y prácticas experimentales; y finalmente se volvió a aplicar el cuestionario inicial para verificar el desarrollo conseguido la utilización de las dos herramientas. La investigación demostró que el uso de las dos herramientas proporcionó a los estudiantes un aprendizaje más significativo, y que las simulaciones computacionales mostraron un mayor potencial para la inserción en la escuela como herramientas auxiliares por las exigir menores costos para su mantenimiento y menos tiempo para la planificación de clases, en comparación con actividades experimentales. El uso de estas herramientas posibilitó una nueva visión de la disciplina de física para los alumnos participantes.Palabras clave: Enseñanza de Física. Simulaciones computacionales. Actividades experimentales. Aprendizaje y enseñanza.

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Li, Bai Zhou, and Jia Jun Qiu. "Magnetism and Solid Coupling Vibration of Stator Double-Shell System of Asynchronous Machine." Applied Mechanics and Materials 300-301 (February 2013): 1193–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.300-301.1193.

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The electromagnetic force produced by air-gap eccentricity magnetic field includes kinds of frequencies, and excites multiform magnetism and solid coupling vibrations of stator system. In this paper, based on the improved model of double-shell system of asynchronous machine, the magnetism and solid coupling vibration equations of double-shell system are obtained. Considering the air-gap eccentricity, an improved expression of electromagnetic force is derived. Then the method of multiple scales is applied to solve the nonlinear parametric resonance. Through the numerical calculation, the influence of electromagnetic and mechanic parameters on amplitude- frequency characteristics is analyzed.

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Stewart, A. M. "Gauge Invariant Magnetism." Australian Journal of Physics 50, no. 6 (1997): 1061. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/p97024.

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An introduction is given to features of gauge invariance in classical and quantum mechanics that are of importance for magnetism in condensed matter systems. A version of quantum mechanics is described in which full electromagnetic gauge arbitrariness is displayed explicitly at every stage. The division of orbital magnetism into paramagnetism and diamagnetism is examined and it is shown that only by treating both of these on an equal footing can a gauge invariant treatment of magnetism be constructed.

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Blackburn, Octavia A., Robert M. Edkins, Stephen Faulkner, Alan M. Kenwright, David Parker, Nicola J. Rogers, and Sergey Shuvaev. "Electromagnetic susceptibility anisotropy and its importance for paramagnetic NMR and optical spectroscopy in lanthanide coordination chemistry." Dalton Transactions 45, no. 16 (2016): 6782–800. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6dt00227g.

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Liang, Shengjun, Siyuan Sun, and Hongfei Lu. "Application of Airborne Electromagnetics and Magnetics for Mineral Exploration in the Baishiquan–Hongliujing Area, Northwest China." Remote Sensing 13, no. 5 (February 27, 2021): 903. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13050903.

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Airborne electromagnetics is an effective and efficient exploration tool in shallow mineral exploration for its high efficiency and low cost. In 2016, airborne electromagnetic and airborne magnetic surveys have been carried out at the border of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region and Gansu Province, the Northwest China. With an integrated system, the airborne electromagnetics and airborne magnetic data were collected simultaneously by AreoTEM-IV system from Aeroquest International Limited in Vancouver, BC, Canada, and the CS3 Cesium Vapor magnetometer from Scintrex in Concord, ON, Canada. About 3149 line-km of both data with 250 m line space were acquired. After data processing, the comprehensive analysis and interpretation of resistivity and magnetic anomalies has been carried out to infer lithological structure and outline the potential ore deposits. Verified by the ground surveys, seven outlined anomalies are consistent with the known ore sites, and one new gold deposit and several mineralization clues were found. The prospective reserves of gold are expected to exceed 10 tons. Besides, some prospecting target areas were outlined as the possible locations of copper–nickel deposits. The successful case shows the airborne magnetic data accords with geological structures, and the airborne electromagnetic method is effective in finding metal mineral resources, which can help to quickly identify potential ore targets with no surface outcrop.

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Rashchepkin, A. P., I. P. Kondratenko, O. M. Karlov, R. S. Kryshchuk, A. V. Zhiltsov, and V. V. Vasyuk. "ELECTROMAGNETIC STIRRING OF METALS IN SPATIALLY ORTHOGONAL MAGNETIC FIELDS." Tekhnichna Elektrodynamika 2020, no. 2 (February 26, 2020): 86–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/techned2020.02.086.

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26

Rubin, Lawrence G. "Focus on magnetics and electromagnetism." Physics Today 62, no. 9 (September 2009): 58–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3226773.

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Rubin, Lawrence G. "Focus on magnetics and electromagnetism." Physics Today 61, no. 9 (September 2008): 76–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2982131.

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Rubin, Lawrence G. "Focus on magnetics and electromagnetism." Physics Today 59, no. 9 (September 2006): 70–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2405546.

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Rubin, Lawrence G. "Focus on magnetics and electromagnetism." Physics Today 60, no. 12 (December 2007): 64–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2825078.

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Wu, Chao, Zhao Yang Zeng, Xu Liang Lü, Q. Jia, and H. C. Tang. "Analysis of Absorption Properties for Magnetism-Absorbing Agents Mixed with Semiconductor Particulate." Key Engineering Materials 512-515 (June 2012): 1128–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.512-515.1128.

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In order to improve absorbing properties of material effectively, enhance the ability of attenuating electromagnetic wave, and at the same time, make the impedance matching with air to the most extent, this paper mixed ferrite magnetism microwave-absorbing agents with semiconductor particulates. We got the effective EM parameter of the mixture using effective EM parameter model, and then analyzed absorption properties. As the result, it figured out the cubage proportion and conductance of semiconductor particulates based on the resistance matching principle. Through calculating the reflection ratio、impedance matching characteristic and attenuation coefficient of the material, it is proved that mixing ferrite magnetism microwave-absorbing agents with semiconductor particulate which has less permittivity could reduce real complex permittivity and increase imaginary complex permittivity of the composite material. It was able to enhance the ability of attenuating electromagnetic wave, improve absorbing properties, and meanwhile do not destroy the impedance matching characteristic with air.

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Lü, Xu Liang, Chao Wu, and Zhao Yang Zeng. "Comparison Analysis of Absorption Properties for Microwave Absorbent." Key Engineering Materials 512-515 (June 2012): 1132–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.512-515.1132.

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In order to compare the absorbing properties of different microwave-absorbing agents and their mixture, this paper has selected two typical microwave-absorbing agents which respectively are carbon fiber resistance microwave-absorbing agents and ferrite magnetism microwave-absorbing agents, and took them as monolayer absorbing materials. Then used MG formula to calculate the effective electromagnetic parameter of their mixture under different proportion at X band, and finally analyzed their absorbing properties separately. Then through contrasting the impedance matching characteristic and attenuation coefficient of the materials, it is proved that adding carbon fiber in ferrite can not improve absorption properties. Although the ability of attenuating electromagnetic wave would be enhanced when resistance materials and magnetism materials are blend with each other, doping will destroy the materials’ impedance matching characteristic because most resistance materials have high permittivity. It makes reflection strengthen and can not improve absorbing properties.

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Bayat, Masoumeh, Heejae Yang, and Frank Ko. "Effect of iron oxide nanoparticle size on electromagnetic properties of composite nanofibers." Journal of Composite Materials 52, no. 13 (September 20, 2017): 1723–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021998317732139.

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Electrically conductive and magnetically permeable carbon nanofiber-based composites were developed using the electrospinning with subsequent heat treatment. The composite nanofiber contains a variable composition of magnetite nanoparticles with two different size regimes, ranging from superparamagnetic (10–20 nm) to ferromagnetic (20–30 nm). The composite nanofibers are then characterized using Scanning/Transmission Electron Microscopy, X-Ray Diffractometry, Raman Spectroscopy, four-point probe, and a Superconducting Quantum Interference Device. Electromagnetic Interference Shielding Effectiveness of pristine carbon nanofibers as well as electromagnetic composite nanofibers are examined in the X-band frequency region. Higher degree of graphitization, electrical conductivity, and magnetic strength are obtained for nanocomposites containing larger magnetite nanoparticles (20–30 nm). A transition from superpartamagnetic to ferromagnetic characteristics is observed during nanocomposite processing. Electromagnetic Interference Shielding Effectiveness of as high as 68 dB (in the working frequency of 10.4 GHz) is observed for composite nanofibers fabricated with larger magnetite nanoparticles carbonized at 900℃.

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Chen, Yu Ling, Du Yan Geng, and Chuan Fang Chen. "Effects of Electromagnetic Fields on the Quantum Yield of Free Radicals in Cryptochrome." Materials Science Forum 953 (May 2019): 127–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.953.127.

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In this paper, the effects of the quantum yield of free radicals in cryptochrome exposed to different electromagnetic fields were studied through the quantum biology. The results showed that the spikes characteristics was produced in the free radicals in cryptochrome, when it exposed to the applied magnetic field (ω = 50 Hz, B0 = 50 μT). The spikes produced by the electromagnetic field was independent of the changes of polar θ. When the frequency of the magnetic field increased, the spikes characteristics produced in unit time also increased. These results showed that the environmental electromagnetic field could affect the response of organisms to the geomagnetic field by influencing the quantum yield in the mechanism of free radical pair.It provided a basis for studying the influence of environmental electromagnetic field on biology, especially the navigation of biological magnetism.

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Adhikari, Pitri Bhakta, and Bishal Bhandari. "Jefimenko Equations in Computation of Electromagnetic Fields for Lightning Discharges." International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research 9, no. 6 (June 25, 2018): 1678–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.14299/ijser.2018.06.10.

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The practicality of the Jefimenko equations in computations of electric fields, from lightning, was analyzed. The general Jefimenko equations are derived from Maxwell’s equation. Different processes for the computations of electromagnetic fields due to lightning was compared with the generalized three dimensional Jefimenko equations. The applications of these generalized equations in the field of electricity and magnetism were assessed.

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Souza, Cynelle Olívia de. "Complements to Gravity Theories." International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology 5, no. 7 (July 31, 2020): 673–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt20jul535.

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Gravity, electricity, magnetism and strong and weak nuclear forces form the fundamental energies and force fields for the organization of matter in the universe. All visible matter emits electromagnetic waves at specific frequencies; dark matter does not emit them. It is assumed, or else, that it can be formed by particles like the neutrino, which subtly interact with electromagnetic waves and with matter. Under the action of strong energy, the neutrino can theoretically reach speeds greater than that of light. Such an effect can occur when this particle becomes detached from electromagnetic interference, which is very difficult to observe. Sound also participates in the transport of matter and energy and can participate as the main means of coupling neutrinos and transmitting their information.

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Huang, Ying. "Demagnetizing Experiment of Magnetism-Concealed Tank Based on Smart Materials." Applied Mechanics and Materials 484-485 (January 2014): 151–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.484-485.151.

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The core component -----a set of coaxial densely winded degaussing loops of a magnetism-concealed tank is designed and made by experiment method. From the data, it can be concluded that the coaxial densely winded degaussing loops can eliminate the tanks magnetic field signs which are engendered by magnetization in the earth magnetic field, specially, the demagnetizing effect near the axis is more obvious. It should be paid attention to the direction of the demagnetizing electric current in experimentation, another important factor to get optimal demagnetizing effect is to seize the right time of demagnetizing electric current. If a demagnetizing electric current is kept too long, as can be seen from the table, the tanks magnetic field signs will be strengthened owing to the counter-rotational magnetization, which accords with the electromagnetic theories. In addition, the degaussing loops work characteristics are given in our auxiliary experiment. In conclusion this experiment design method provides a sustain for magnetism protection theory of equips, and a train of thought is offered for both the magnetism-concealed tanks designing and researching through the experiment process.

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Canet-Ferrer, J., P. Albella, A. Ribera, J. V. Usagre, and S. A. Maier. "Hybrid magnetite–gold nanoparticles as bifunctional magnetic–plasmonic systems: three representative cases." Nanoscale Horizons 2, no. 4 (2017): 205–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6nh00225k.

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BU, Yinggang, Kaname INOUE, and Tsutomu MIZUNO. "A Study of an Electromagnetic Energy Harvester Device with Negative Magnetic Spring Characteristics." Journal of the Japan Society of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics 23, no. 3 (2015): 557–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.14243/jsaem.23.557.

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Mederos-Henry, Francisco, Benoît P. Pichon, Yzaora Tchuitio Yagang, Arnaud Delcorte, Christian Bailly, Isabelle Huynen, and Sophie Hermans. "Decoration of nanocarbon solids with magnetite nanoparticles: towards microwave metamaterial absorbers." Journal of Materials Chemistry C 4, no. 15 (2016): 3290–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5tc03654b.

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40

Narita, Takayoshi, Yoshiho Oda, Yasuaki Ito, and Hideaki Kato. "A basic study on levitation characteristics of metal foil by edge-supported electromagnetic levitation system." International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics 64, no. 1-4 (December 10, 2020): 1191–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/jae-209436.

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The grasping and conveying of an object by utilizing the frictional force generated by contact are performed during various steps in the process of manufacturing industrial products. Deterioration of the surface quality due to these contacts is a problem. A noncontact way to transport steel plates using electromagnetic force has been proposed as a solution to these problems. In such applications to date, electromagnets are installed in the vertical direction. However, if the steel plate is thin and lacks sufficient flexural rigidity, it is difficult to exert enough suspension force to levitate the entire steel plate. To solve this problem, we propose an edge-supported electromagnetic levitation system suitable for flexible steel plates using electromagnets installed in the horizontal direction. In this paper, we report on levitation experiments to verify the effectiveness of the proposed system and discuss characteristics of the horizontal positioning of electromagnets and levitation suspension.

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41

Yang, Y. P., and D. W. Emerson. "Electromagnetic conductivities of rock cores: Theory and analog results." GEOPHYSICS 62, no. 6 (November 1997): 1779–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1444278.

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Measurement theory developed for a laboratory investigation of electromagnetic characteristics of conductive and magnetic rocks agreed with experiments performed on synthetic conductive samples using a multifrequency coil‐bridge system in the 10 kHz to 4 MHz range. The theoretical analysis also provides a basic and useful method for the study of inductive [electromagnetic (EM)] conductivity and magnetic susceptibility spectra from conductive and/or magnetic samples. The skin effect, an important consequence of eddy current behavior, affects EM measurements and can be recognized by varying the energizing frequency. Investigations of the EM respses of 104 synthetic cores, of five types, revealed that textural effects, i.e., the structure, arrangement, and particle size of the conducting elements exerted a large influence on results. These analog cores contained a range of conductors, including copper wires, graphite powder, aluminum particles, and magnetite‐ilmenite grains, set in a matrix of insulating plaster or wax, representing models of layered, stringer, disseminated, network, massive, and magnetite‐rich mineralizations. For a heterogeneous sample, the laboratory‐measured EM conductivity depends strongly on the structure and orientation of the conducting materials and usually differs from the galvanic conductivity. For a sample with insulated conducting particles, the measured EM conductivity decreases with the increasing square of the sample diameter. This indicates that EM field methods may not respond well to disseminated targets with dispersed conducting minerals even at high concentrations. A mechanism attributed to magnetic loss produced unrealistically high apparent conductivities for magnetite‐bearing samples, especially at low frequencies (f < 100 kHz). For a conductive magnetite sample (σ >1 S/m), the effect of magnetic loss can be eliminated at high frequencies (f > 400 kHz ), and the ohmic conductivity of the magnetite sample can then be estimated.

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42

Beléndez, Augusto. "La unificación de luz, electricidad y magnetismo: la "síntesis electromagnética" de Maxwell." Revista Brasileira de Ensino de Física 30, no. 2 (2008): 2601.1–2601.20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1806-11172008000200012.

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A comienzos del siglo XIX la luz, la electricidad y el magnetismo eran considerados tres fenómenos independientes. Mientras que el interés por la óptica estaba justificado por su aplicación a la construcción de instrumentos ópticos, los fenómenos eléctricos y magnéticos podían resultar interesantes para los científicos, pero carecían de trascendencia al no haber dado lugar a aplicaciones prácticas. En este trabajo, y tras una breve descripción de la situación de la electricidad, el magnetismo y la óptica a comienzos del siglo XIX, se presenta la unificación de la electricidad y el magnetismo con figuras como Oersted, Ampère y Faraday, y se concluye con la "síntesis de Maxwell" de la electricidad, el magnetismo y la luz, de tanta relevancia como en su día fue "la síntesis newtoniana" de la física de los cielos y la física terrestre. Esta "síntesis de Maxwell" constituye uno de los mayores logros de la física, pues no solamente unificó los fenómenos eléctricos y magnéticos, sino que permitió desarrollar toda la teoría de las ondas electromagnéticas, incluyendo la luz. A partir de Maxwell, otra parcela de la física hasta entonces independiente, la óptica, quedó en cierta medida englobada en el electromagnetismo.

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43

Ohji, Takahisa, Satoshi Kusano, Tatsuhiro Inoue, Kenji Amei, and Kyohei Kiyota. "Verification of pull-up force and electromagnetic spring to an aluminum ring using ac electromagnets." International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics 64, no. 1-4 (December 10, 2020): 173–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/jae-209320.

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Magnetic levitation (maglev) systems for nonmagnetic conductive metals generally generate only repulsive force between the stator and the levitated body. To overturn the conventional common sense, we have fabricated a new maglev device that can generate “attractive force” between the stator consisting of plural ac electromagnets and a nonmagnetic conductive metal ring. In this paper, we elucidate the electromagnetic phenomenon that appropriately arranged seven ac electromagnets continuously pulls up an aluminum (Al) ring, which has 120 mm outer diameter and 5 mm square cross-section, by using finite element analysis. The analysis results reveal the existence of an equilibrium gap where the electromagnetic pulling force balances with the weight of the Al ring without active control. Besides, the equilibrium gap was measured when different weights were added to Al ring to verify the validity of analysis results. The measured results show that the maglev device has a positive stiffness (i.e., electromagnetic spring) of 50 N/m.

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Min, Eui Hong, and Jae Gui Koh. "A Study of Electromagnetic Properties on Magnetic Fluids." Korean Journal of Materials Research 14, no. 9 (September 1, 2004): 659–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.3740/mrsk.2004.14.9.659.

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45

Van Dam, Remke L., Jan M. H. Hendrickx, Nigel J. Cassidy, Ryan E. North, Mine Dogan, and Brian Borchers. "Effects of magnetite on high-frequency ground-penetrating radar." GEOPHYSICS 78, no. 5 (September 1, 2013): H1—H11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2012-0266.1.

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Large concentrations of magnetite in sedimentary deposits and soils with igneous parent material have been reported to affect geophysical sensor performance. We have undertaken the first systematic experimental effort to understand the effects of magnetite for ground-penetrating radar (GPR) characterization of the shallow subsurface. Laboratory experiments were conducted to study how homogeneous magnetite-sand mixtures and magnetite concentrated in layers affect the propagation behavior (velocity, attenuation) of high-frequency GPR waves and the reflection characteristics of a buried target. Important observations were that magnetite had a strong effect on signal velocity and reflection, at magnitudes comparable to what has been observed in small-scale laboratory experiments that measured electromagnetic properties of magnetite-silica mixtures. Magnetite also altered signal attenuation and affected the reflection characteristics of buried targets. Our results indicated important implications for several fields, including land mine detection, Martian exploration, engineering, and moisture mapping using satellite remote sensing and radiometers.

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DENG, Lian-wen, Bai-yun HUANG, Wen-sheng LIU, Ke-sheng ZHOU, and Bing-chu YANG. "Electromagnetic characteristics and microwave magnetism of Fe46Co44B10/SiO2 nano-multilayers." Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 19 (December 2009): s734—s737. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1003-6326(10)60141-0.

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47

Sharabura, O. M. "Electromagnetic field of the circular magnetic current located in a semi-infinite biconical section." Information extraction and processing 2019, no. 47 (December 26, 2019): 20–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/vidbir2019.47.020.

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48

Dransfield, Mark. "Searchlights for gravity and magnetics." GEOPHYSICS 80, no. 1 (January 1, 2015): G27—G34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2014-0256.1.

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The development of mental schemata is important in developing an understanding of physical phenomena and processes. Gravitational and magnetic fields are often visualized by geophysicists as equipotential surfaces (for gravity) and field lines (for magnetics). In these cases, the schemata treat the geology as the source of the field. In seismic and electromagnetic prospecting, one instead visualizes a field that is emitted by the instrument. Example schemata are traveling wavefronts (seismic) and smoke rings (electromagnetic induction in the dissipative limit). I carried this instrument-focused conceptualization over to potential field prospecting by a schema, which envisages the instrument as a probe, illuminating the earth in a manner analogous to a searchlight. Different potential-field instruments (potentiometers, gravimeters, magnetometers, and gradiometers) each have different beam characteristics and consequently illuminate the earth in different ways. This schema provides a new way of visualizing potential fields in prospecting with applications in instrument development, data acquisition and processing, and interpretation.

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Bychkov, Igor V., Vasiliy D. Buchelnikov, D. A. Kuzmin, and V. V. Shadrin. "Spectrum of the Coupled Waves in Magnetics Having the Ferromagnetic Spiral." Solid State Phenomena 190 (June 2012): 257–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.190.257.

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The spectrum of coupling spin and electromagnetic waves for magnetic having spiral magnetic structure defined by non-uniform exchange and relativistic interactions have been received. The possibility of resonant interaction of spin and electromagnetic waves has been shown. The electromagnetic waves reflectance for the layer of magnetic having ferromagnetic spiral has been calculated for different angles of spiral.

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Wang, Li Jie, Jian Xin Li, Lian Kui Sun, Fu Jun Zhang, and Xiu Kun Yang. "Magnetite Processing and Magnetic Field Analysis of Iron Ore Core Inductor in Iron Grade Sensor." Applied Mechanics and Materials 687-691 (November 2014): 4405–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.687-691.4405.

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In order to realize the online monitoring for iron grade of the magnetite during the dressing process, an iron grade fast measurement method based on electromagnetic induction is given, critical segment of the method is to make the iron grade information acquisition by adopting an iron ore core inductance sensor. Magnetic field analysis for iron ore core inductors of the sensor is explored in the paper. Taking a magnetite in certain regions of Liaoning as the test typical sample examples, physicochemical properties of its raw ore are analyzed, the iron ore samples are prepared and made, and the dressing process are completed. Ferromagnetics features of the magnetite samples above is analyzed, magnetic field distribution of the iron ore core inductor is analyzed, and analytic calculation formula of the magnetic fields is derived. Theory of solving the inductance of iron ore core inductor adopting finite element method of energy is discussed. Furthermore, total finite element design for the iron ore core inductor is made; distribution of electromagnetic field is analyzed. Influence regulations of self-inductance coefficients of the inductor are obtained, thus, the optimal combination of structural parameters of the inductor are designed. There is important practical significance to realize the iron grade testing automation for magnetite and other iron ores of the thesis research above.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Magnetism. Electromagnetism'

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