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Journal articles on the topic 'Magnetostriction energy'
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1
Koyama, Akihiro, Masaki Fujita, Takehito Ikeuchi, and Muneyuki Imafuku. "Prediction of Magnetostrictive Properties of Fe-Ga Alloy Based on Internal Energy Model with Magnetomechanical Effect." Materials Science Forum 941 (December 2018): 875–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.941.875.
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Fe-Ga alloy is expected as energy harvest material having superior magnetostrictive properties. In this study, we compared angle dependence of amount of magnetostriction with ideal magnetostrictive model using cube-oriented single crystal Fe-18mol%Ga alloy. Magnetostriction in [100] of specimen was measured with changing the direction of statical magnetic field H by strain gauge. As a result, the measured magnetostriction could not fully explaind by traditional energy-based model of magnetostriction. We compared measurement result using strain gauge with calculation result using energy-based model. As a result, there was a large difference in maximum compressive strain value. We established modified energy-based model considering the deviation of magnetic domains so as to match the actual magnetostriction behavior.
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Ben, Tong, Yuqi Kong, Long Chen, Fangyuan Chen, and Xian Zhang. "Magnetostriction property modeling of silicon steel considering stress-induced and magnetocrystalline anisotropy." AIP Advances 13, no. 2 (2023): 025031. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/9.0000421.
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This paper proposed an improved magnetostriction model for correlation of anisotropy in non-oriented (NO) silicon steel based on the free energy, which considers stress-induced and magnetocrystalline anisotropy. Firstly, the free energy model, which includes stress-induced anisotropy energy, the energy of magnetic field, and the anisotropic energy of magnetic crystals, is incorporated into the anhysteretic magnetization parameter M an. Then, to obtain the magnetic field and proposed model parameters related to stress-induced and magnetocrystalline anisotropy, the magnetostrictive strain loops at different magnetization directions of NO silicon steel are measured. Finally, based on the parameters obtained from experimental data of the proposed model, magnetostrictive strain loops under varying magnetization directions are simulated. This improved magnetostriction model can be applied to the calculation of the vector magnetostriction of the motor core.
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Dong, Pan Ting, Li Zhang, Meng Qi Liu, Tong Zhao, Liang Zou, and Qing Quan Li. "Silicon Steel Sheet Vibration Model Based on the Magnetostrictive Properties." Advanced Materials Research 955-959 (June 2014): 882–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.955-959.882.
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Magnetostriction of transformer core plays a dominated role in the vibration of transformer equipment. In order to simulation the magnetostrictive effect, a equivalent magnetostrictive force model is introduced in this paper. Elongation-based models are used to deduce the magnetostrive force. Elongation-based models employ experimental data from magnestrictive elongation to bulid the relation between magnestrictive strain and magnetic flux density, and can be used for harmonic analysis. Magnetostrictive force on single slicion sheet is deduced by strain energy density and energy conservation principle. The force is applied on the single silicon sheet model to analysis the deformation caused by magnetostriction.
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Yang, Zijing, Jiheng Li, Zhiguang Zhou, Jiaxin Gong, Xiaoqian Bao, and Xuexu Gao. "Recent Advances in Magnetostrictive Tb-Dy-Fe Alloys." Metals 12, no. 2 (2022): 341. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met12020341.
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As giant magnetostrictive materials with low magnetocrystalline anisotropy, Tb-Dy-Fe alloys are widely used in transducers, actuators and sensors due to the effective conversion between magnetic energy and mechanical energy (or acoustic energy). However, the intrinsic brittleness of intermetallic compounds leads to their poor machinability and makes them prone to fracture, which limits their practical applications. Recently, the addition of a fourth element to Tb-Dy-Fe alloys, such as Ho, Pr, Co, Nb, Cu and Ti, has been studied to improve their magnetostrictive and mechanical properties. This review starts with a brief introduction to the characteristics of Tb-Dy-Fe alloys and then focuses on the research progress in recent years. First, studies on the crystal growth mechanism in directional solidification, process improvement by introducing a strong magnetic field and the effects of substitute elements are described. Then, meaningful progress in mechanical properties, composite materials, the structural origin of magnetostriction based on ferromagnetic MPB theory and sensor applications are summarized. Furthermore, sintered composite materials based on the reconstruction of the grain boundary phase also provide new ideas for the development of magnetostrictive materials with excellent comprehensive properties, including high magnetostriction, high mechanical properties, high corrosion resistance and high resistivity. Finally, future prospects are presented. This review will be helpful for the design of novel magnetostrictive Tb-Dy-Fe alloys, the improvement of magnetostrictive and mechanical properties and the understanding of magnetostriction mechanisms.
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Zhang, Shuo, Lian-Chun Long, Jing-Yi Liu, and Yang Yang. "Effect of defects on magnetostriction and magnetic moment evolution of iron thin films." Acta Physica Sinica 71, no. 1 (2022): 017502. http://dx.doi.org/10.7498/aps.71.20211177.
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Magnetostrictive materials have broad application prospects in sensing, control, energy conversion, and information conversion. The improving of the performances and applications of such materials has become a research hotspot, but defects will inevitably appear in the preparation and use of materials. In this study, the magnetostrictive structure model of iron elemental material with no defect or hole defect or crack defect is established by the molecular dynamics method. The influences of different defects on the magnetostrictive behavior of iron thin films are analyzed, and the mechanism of the influence of defects on the magnetostrictive behavior is depicted from the perspective of atomic magnetic moment. The results show that the films with 60 × 2 × 1 defects in the center are the easiest to reach saturation magnetostriction, and the magnetostriction is the least after reaching saturation, with respect to the films without defects. The films with 10 × 10 × 1 and 2 × 60 × 1 defects in the center require a larger magnetic field to approach to saturation, and the magnetostriction of the film with 2 × 60 × 1 defects in the center reaches a maximum value after saturation. This is because the defects will affect the magnetic moment of the surrounding atoms and make them deflect to the direction parallel to the defects, thus affecting the magnetostriction of the iron thin film. Among them, the hole defects have less influence on the magnetostriction, while the crack defects have stronger influence on the magnetostriction. The direction of the crack also has an effect on the magnetostriction of Fe thin film. When the crack is parallel to the direction of magnetization, the maximum magnetostriction of the film in the direction of magnetization from the initial state to the saturation of magnetization will decrease. When the crack is perpendicular to the direction of magnetization, the maximum magnetostriction of the film in the direction of magnetization from the initial state to the saturation of magnetization will increase. These results suggest that the defects affect the magnetostriction of the model as a whole during magnetization by affecting the initial magnetic moment orientation of the surrounding atoms.
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Lee, Heung-Shik. "Effect of Graphene Thin Layer on a Static and Dynamic Magnetostrictive Behavior in TbDyFe Multi-Layered Film for Micro Energy Devices." Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 20, no. 11 (2020): 6776–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2020.18776.
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Magnetos-mechanical behaviors of TbDyFe/Graphene/TbDyFe film were compared with a tri-layered TbDyFe film to verify the effects of a graphene thin layer on the improvement of magnetic-mechanical performance, as well as decrease of dynamic response time under the low magnetic field. Both of the Heisenberg model and Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation were used to calculate the magnetic domain motion. Time consumptions were simulated to determine a uniformly magnetized state in Graphene and TbDyFe layers. To ensure the magnetostrictive characteristics, the magnetic moment and the magnetostriction were measured using a fabricated magnetostrictive actuator. Compare to the three-layer TbDyFe films, TbDyFe/Graphene/TbDyFe showed a higher magnetostrictive behavior in response to low coercive forces in the range of 0 to 10 kA/m, even with the addition of low magnetic fields. The dynamic magnetostriction response time was faster than the tri-layered TbDyFe film by approximately 24 millisecond.
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Filippov, Dmitry, Ying Liu, Peng Zhou, et al. "Theory of Magnetoelectric Effect for Three-Layer Piezo-Magnetostrictive Asymmetric Composites." Journal of Composites Science 6, no. 11 (2022): 346. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcs6110346.
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Here, we discuss a model for the quasi-static magnetoelectric (ME) interaction in three-layer composites consisting of a single piezoelectric (PE) layer and two magnetostrictive (MS) layers with positive and negative magnetostriction. Two types of layer arrangements are considered: Type 1: a sandwich structure with the PE layer between the two MS layers and Type 2: the two MS layers form the adjacent layers. Expressions for the ME response are obtained using the system of equations of elasto- and electrostatics for the PE and MS phases. The contributions from longitudinal and bending vibrations to the net ME response are considered. The theory is applied for trilayers consisting of lead zirconate titanate (PZT), nickel for negative magnetostriction, and Metglas for positive magnetostriction. Estimates of the dependence of the strength of the ME response on the thickness of the three layers are provided. It is shown that the asymmetric three-layer structures of both types lead to an increase in the strength of ME interactions by almost an order of magnitude compared to a two-layer piezoelectric-magnetostrictive structure. The model predicts a much stronger ME response in Type 2 structures than in Type 1. The theory discussed here is of importance for designing composites for applications such as magnetic field sensors, gyrators, and energy harvesters.
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Faltas, Mina, Jamin R. Pillars, and Ihab Elkady. "Digital Communication through Solids Using Magnetostriction." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2023-01, no. 52 (2023): 2626. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2023-01522626mtgabs.
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Digital communication through solid materials such as metals, ceramics, organic solids, or semiconductors has many applications. Only communication through metals has been attempted via ultrasonic waves. However, its performance is significantly hindered by echo interference. A way to enable communication through these solids is by the exploitation of magnetostriction. Magnetostriction is a property where a magnetic material changes its shape during the process of magnetization, essentially converting magnetic energy into kinetic energy. The kinetic energy produced by the magnetic material can then be taken through the solid media through which communication is intended to occur. The kinetic signal on the other side of the solid media could be converted to whatever type of energy is suitable for the application. This energy transduction channel, using magnetic energy and kinetic energy, can optimally be achieved through a soft magnetic material with high magnetostriction. A nickel-iron-cobalt based alloy was used to develop a material with a saturation magnetostriction over 200ppm, that can be electrodeposited out of an acidic aqueous chemistry. Initial high intrinsic stress in the deposited alloy was controlled with additives and altering the complexing, enabling consistent deposits of over a millimeter in thickness. The electrodeposited material’s performance is characterized and correlated to material properties such as alloy composition, microstructure, grain size, coercivity, magnetic saturation, Young’s Modulus, etc. The characterization methods used to analyze the magnetostrictive material and the effect of modulating plating parameters to control material properties will be presented. Additionally, the effect of annealing the material in an inert environment at varying temperatures and dwell times will be examined. Sandia National Laboratories is a multimission laboratory managed and operated by National Technology & Engineering Solutions of Sandia, LLC, a wholly owned subsidiary of Honeywell International Inc., for the U.S. Department of Energy’s National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-NA0003525. This paper describes objective technical results and analysis. Any subjective views or opinions that might be expressed in the paper do not necessarily represent the views of the U.S. Department of Energy or the United States Government. SNL is managed and operated by NTESS under DOE NNSA contract DE-NA0003525
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Bjurström, Johan, Cristina Rusu, and Christer Johansson. "Combining Magnetostriction with Variable Reluctance for Energy Harvesting at Low Frequency Vibrations." Applied Sciences 14, no. 19 (2024): 9070. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app14199070.
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In this paper, we explore the benefits of using a magnetostrictive component in a variable reluctance energy harvester. The intrinsic magnetic field bias and the possibility to utilize magnetic force to achieve pre-stress leads to a synergetic combination between this type of energy harvester and magnetostriction. The proposed energy harvester system, to evaluate the concept, consists of a magnetostrictive cantilever beam with a cubic magnet as proof mass. Galfenol, Fe81.6Ga18.4, is used to implement magnetostriction. Variable reluctance is achieved by fixing the beam parallel to an iron core, with some margin to create an air gap between the tip magnet and core. The mechanical forces of the beam and the magnetic forces lead to a displaced equilibrium position of the beam and thus a pre-stress. Two configurations of the energy harvester were evaluated and compared. The initial configuration uses a simple beam of aluminum substrate and a layer of galfenol with an additional magnet fixing the beam to the core. The modified design reduces the magnetic field bias in the galfenol by replacing approximately half of the length of galfenol with aluminum and adds a layer of soft magnetic material above the galfenol to further reduce the magnetic field bias. The initial system was found to magnetically saturate the galfenol at equilibrium. This provided the opportunity to compare two equivalent systems, with and without a significant magnetostrictive effect on the output voltage. The resonance frequency tuning capability, from modifying the initial distance of the air gap, is shown to be maintained for the modified configuration (140 Hz/mm), while achieving RMS open-circuit coil voltages larger by a factor of two (2.4 V compared to 1.1 V). For a theoretically optimal load, the RMS power was simulated to be 5.1 mW. Given the size of the energy harvester (18.5 cm3) and the excitation acceleration (0.5 g), this results in a performance metric of 1.1 mW/cm3g2.
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Yan, Xiaoli, Xia Dong, Guozheng Han, Xiaodong Yu, and Fengying Ma. "Research on the Magnetostrictive Characteristics of Transformers under DC Bias." Energies 16, no. 11 (2023): 4457. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16114457.
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Direct current (DC) bias leads to increased vibration and noise in transformers. One of the main causes is the magnetostrictive effect of the transformer core. To address this phenomenon of magnetostriction, firstly, a transmission line model (TLM) of a single-phase transformer under DC bias is developed using transmission line theory and Jiles–Atherton (J–A) ferromagnetic hysteresis theory, taking into account the winding copper loss, core eddy current loss, and leakage effect. Secondly, the time-domain simulation of the single-phase transformer based on the Newton–Raphson iterative method is carried out, and the magnetostriction characteristics of the transformer under different DC and its variation law are analyzed. Finally, the results show that the DC bias results in magnetostrictive distortion and vibration acceleration curve distortion, the left and right wings of the magnetostrictive butterfly curve are no longer symmetrical, the slope of the vibration acceleration image increases significantly, and the degree of distortion is positively correlated with the magnitude of the DC. In addition, the peak values of the magnetostrictive deformation and vibration acceleration become larger under DC bias, leading to an increase in the vibration and noise of the transformer. The research object of this paper is the single-phase transformer, and the research method can also be applied to the study of three-phase transformers.
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Nakajima, Kenya, Marc Leparoux, Hiroki Kurita, et al. "Additive Manufacturing of Magnetostrictive Fe–Co Alloys." Materials 15, no. 3 (2022): 709. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15030709.
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Fe–Co alloys are attracting attention as magnetostrictive materials for energy harvesting and sensor applications. This work investigated the magnetostriction characteristics and crystal structure of additive-manufactured Fe–Co alloys using directed energy deposition. The additive-manufactured Fe–Co parts tended to exhibit better magnetostrictive performance than the hot-rolled Fe–Co alloy. The anisotropy energy ΔK1 for the Fe–Co bulk, prepared under a power of 300 W (referred to as bulk−300 W), was larger than for the rolled sample. For the bulk−300 W sample in a particular plane, the piezomagnetic constant d was large, irrespective of the direction of the magnetic field. Elongated voids that formed during additive manufacturing changed the magnetostrictive behavior in a direction perpendicular to these voids. Magnetic property measurements showed that the coercivity decreased. Since sensors should be highly responsive, Fe–Co three-dimensional parts produced via additive manufacturing can be applied as force sensors.
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Apicella, Valerio, Carmine Stefano Clemente, Daniele Davino, Damiano Leone, and Ciro Visone. "Review of Modeling and Control of Magnetostrictive Actuators." Actuators 8, no. 2 (2019): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/act8020045.
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Magnetostrictive actuators play an important role in the perception of usefulness of smart materials and devices. Their applications are potentially wider than that of piezoelectric actuators because of the higher energy density and intrinsic robustness. However, the non-negligible hysteresis and complexity of their characteristics make the design and control quite difficult and has limited their diffusion in industrial applications. Nevertheless, the scientific literature presents a wide offer of results in design and geometries, modeling and control that may be exploited for applications. This paper gives a reasoned review of the main results achieved in the literature about design, modeling and control of magnetostrictive actuators exploiting the direct effects of magnetostriction (Joule and Wiedemann). Some perspectives and challenges about magnetostrictive actuators development are also gathered.
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Yang, Zhencheng, Mengli Yao, Jing Pan, Longkun Huang, Min Li, and Hui Wang. "Large magnetostriction of heavy-metal-element doped Fe-based alloys." Journal of Applied Physics 132, no. 21 (2022): 215105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0126307.
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Using density functional theory calculation and rigid band model, we investigate the electronic structure and magnetostrictive properties of transition heavy-metal doped Fe-based (Fe–Al, Fe–Si, Fe–B, and Fe–Be) alloys. It is found that a small amount of addition of 4d/5d heavy-metal atoms greatly enhances the coefficient of tetragonal magnetostriction of Fe-based alloys, reaching up to about 1000 ppm in Fe87.5Al6.25Pt6.25 and Fe75Al18.75Rh6.25 alloys. The underlying mechanism is mainly ascribed to combined factors of band narrowing induced by non-bonded states in pure Fe layer, strong spin–orbit coupling effect by heavy metals, and improved mechanical properties, through analysis of the electronic density of states near Fermi level and k-mesh resolved magnetocrystalline anisotropy energy in momentum space. These results provide useful guidance for optimizing the magnetostrictive performance of Fe-based alloys for practical application.
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Bomba, Jacek, Jerzy Kaleta, and Paweł Sawa. "Application of Giant Magnetostrictive Material into Construction of Broad Spectrum Vibration Generator." Materials Science Forum 482 (April 2005): 395–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.482.395.
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The paper presents an application of giant magnetostriction phenomenon into particular vibration generator. It was assumed that the generator should enable tests of construction under local loads applied with broad spectrum of frequencies. Mass of a device must be minimal, it should exert large forces with large amplitudes and high efficiency. The applied material is Terfenol-D - an alloy of rare earth elements and iron which exhibits giant magnetostriction. It is a compound of Laves phases with cubic MgCu2 structure. Examinations ofmagnetomechanical properties of Terfenol preceded construction. The efficiency of transformation of magnetic energy into the mechanical one was tested. The key role in efficiency is played by initial compressing prestresses involved and stimulation by constant magnetic field. The output quantities of constructed device as force, displacement and frequency are completely controlled. The control system includes modern power DC amplifier. It was shown some experimental results of examination of the magnetostrictive actuator. Examples of generations of mechanical vibrations in various constructions enter the new area of applications of Smart Magnetic Materials.
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Liu, Huifang, Xingwei Sun, Quan Liang, and Yuqing Bo. "Energy and magnetostriction analysis and nonlinear model of magnetostrictive actuator for precision drive." International Journal of Industrial and Systems Engineering 29, no. 3 (2018): 352. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijise.2018.093051.
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Bo, Yuqing, Quan Liang, Xingwei Sun, and Huifang Liu. "Energy and magnetostriction analysis and nonlinear model of magnetostrictive actuator for precision drive." International Journal of Industrial and Systems Engineering 29, no. 3 (2018): 352. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijise.2018.10013965.
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Han, Yi, Akshi Mohla, Xiao Huang, Wei Hong, and Leann E. Faidley. "Magnetostriction and Field Stiffening of Magneto-Active Elastomers." International Journal of Applied Mechanics 07, no. 01 (2015): 1550001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1758825115400013.
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Filled with certain amount of magnetic particles, an elastomer can be made magneto active for numerous applications. When a magneto-active elastomer (MAE) is subject to a homogeneous magnetic field, both magnetostriction and field-stiffening effect can be observed. Inspired by experimental observations and microstructure simulations in the literature, this paper presents a simplified phenomenological model for MAEs by considering a uniaxial deformation state. The model hypothesizes the field-stiffening effect to be a direct consequence of the inverse magnetostriction, i.e., the strain-dependent magnetization, in the context of finite deformation. By taking the elastic energy to be independent of magnetic field and the magnetization energy to be strain dependent, the model can capture both magnetostriction and field stiffening of an MAE. The functional form of the strain-dependent magnetization energy is determined by the underlying microstructure. MAEs with different microstructures exhibit different magnetostriction and field-stiffening behaviors. To predict the behavior of a specific MAE, one only needs to measure the effective permeability of an MAE as a function of the axial strain. The mathematical simplicity of the model could enable simulation and optimization of MAE-based devices under complex loading conditions.
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Sakon, Yamasaki, Kodama, Kanomata, Nojiri, and Adachi. "The Characteristic Properties of Magnetostriction and Magneto-Volume Effects of Ni2MnGa-Type Ferromagnetic Heusler Alloys." Materials 12, no. 22 (2019): 3655. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12223655.
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In this article, we review the magnetostriction and magneto-volume effects of Ni2MnGa-type ferromagnetic Heusler alloys at the martensitic, premartensitic, and austenitic phases. The correlations of forced magnetostriction (ΔV/V) and magnetization (M), using the self-consistent renormalization (SCR) spin fluctuation theory of an itinerant electron ferromagnet proposed by Takahashi, are evaluated for the ferromagnetic Heusler alloys. The magneto-volume effect occurs due to the interaction between the magnetism and volume change of the magnetic crystals. The magnetic field-induced strain (referred to as forced magnetostriction) and the magnetization are measured, and the correlation of magnetostriction and magnetization is evaluated. The forced volume magnetostriction ΔV/V at the Curie temperature, TC is proportional to M4, and the plots cross the origin point; that is, (M4, ΔV/V) = (0, 0). This consequence is in good agreement with the spin fluctuation theory of Takahashi. An experimental study is carried out and the results of the measurement agree with the theory. The value of forced magnetostriction is proportional to the valence electron concentration per atom (e/a). Therefore, the forced magnetostriction reflects the electronic states of the ferromagnetic alloys. The magnetostriction near the premartensitic transition temperature (TP) induces lattice softening; however, lattice softening is negligible at TC. The forced magnetostriction at TC occurs due to spin fluctuations of the itinerant electrons. In the martensitic and premartensitic phases, softening of the lattice occurs due to the shallow hollow (potential barrier) of the total energy difference between the L21 cubic and modulated 10M or 14M structures. As a result, magnetostriction is increased by the magnetic field.
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Bryant, M. D. "Bond Graph Models for Linear Motion Magnetostrictive Actuators." Journal of Dynamic Systems, Measurement, and Control 118, no. 1 (1996): 161–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2801139.
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Bond graph models for the audio range response of a dynamically continuous, linear motion magnetostrictive actuator are formulated and presented. The actuator involves a continuous rod of magnetostrictive material that extends, contracts, and vibrates in modes when energized by magnetic flux produced by a coil. The left end is fixed, force is extracted from the right end. The bond graph model includes dynamics of the energizing coil, the flux routing circuit, magnetic to mechanical energy conversion, and mechanical elements. Constitutive relations for magnetostriction suggest use of a multipart capacitor with ports for magnetic and mechanical power flow; constraints imposed by modal dynamics require a separate mechanical port for each vibration mode. Values were assigned to bond graph parameters in a non-empirical manner: solely from theory and handbook data. State equations and transfer functions were extracted from the bond graph. For audio range operation, theory (the bond graph model) compared well with experiment (measurements taken on a magnetostrictive actuator designed and built by the author).
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Iurchuk, Vadym, Julien Bran, Manuel Acosta, and Bohdan Kundys. "A strain-controlled magnetostrictive pseudo spin valve." Applied Physics Letters 122, no. 7 (2023): 072404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0120426.
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Electric-field control of magnetism via an inverse magnetostrictive effect is an alternative path toward improving energy-efficient storage and sensing devices based on a giant magnetoresistance effect. In this Letter, we report on lateral electric-field driven strain-mediated modulation of magnetotransport properties in a Co/Cu/Py pseudo spin valve grown on a ferroelectric 0.7Pb[Mg1/3Nb2/3)]O3–0.3PbTiO3 substrate. We show a decrease in the giant magnetoresistance ratio of the pseudo spin valve with the increase in the electric field, which is attributed to the deviation of the Co layer magnetization from the initial direction due to strain-induced magnetoelastic anisotropy contribution. Additionally, we demonstrate that strain-induced magnetic anisotropy effectively shifts the switching field of the magnetostrictive Co layer, while keeping the switching field of the nearly zero-magnetostrictive Py layer unaffected due to its negligible magnetostriction. We argue that magnetostrictively optimized magnetic films in properly engineered multilayered structures can offer a path to enhancing the selective magnetic switching in spintronic devices.
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Lv, Fuzai, Pengfei Zhang, Zhifeng Tang, Yonggang Yue, and Keji Yang. "A Guided Wave Transducer with Sprayed Magnetostrictive Powder Coating for Monitoring of Aluminum Conductor Steel-Reinforced Cables." Sensors 19, no. 7 (2019): 1550. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19071550.
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Aluminum conductor steel-reinforced (ACSR) cables are typically used in overhead transmission lines, requiring stringent non-destructive testing owing to the severe conditions they face. Ultrasonic guided wave inspection provides promising online monitoring of the wire breakage of cables with the advantages of high sensitivity, long-range inspection, and full cross-sectional coverage. It is a very popular method to generate and receive guided waves using magnetostrictive and piezoelectric transducers. However, uniformly coupling the acoustic energy excited by transducers into multi-wire structures is always a challenge in the field application of guided waves. Long-term field application of piezoelectric transducers is limited due to the small coupling surface area, localized excitation, and couplant required. Conventional magnetostrictive transducers for steel strand inspection are based on the magnetostrictive effect of the material itself. Two factors affect the transducing performance of the transducers on ACSR cables. On one hand, there is a non-magnetostrictive effect in aluminum wires. On the other hand, the magnetostriction of the innermost steel wires is too weak to generate guided waves. The bias magnetic field is attenuated by the outer layers of aluminum wires. In this paper, an alternative sprayed magnetostrictive powder coating (SMPC) transducer was developed for guided wave generation and detection in ACSR cables. The Fe83Ga17 alloy powder with large magnetostriction was sprayed uniformly on the surfaces of certain sections of the outermost aluminum wires where the transducer would be installed. Experimental investigations were carried out to generate and receive the most commonly used L(0,1) guided waves for wire breakage detection at frequencies of 50 and 100 kHz. The results demonstrate that the discernable reflected waves of the cable end and an artificial defect of three-wire breakage (5.5% reduction in the cable’s cross-sectional area) were received by the transducer with SMPC, which was impossible for the transducer without SMPC. This method makes long-term and online monitoring of ACSR cables feasible due to the high coupling efficiency and good structural surface adaptability.
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Li, Li Yi, Bai Ping Yan, and Cheng Ming Zhang. "Research on Dynamic Characteristic of Giant Magnetostrictive Actuator." Applied Mechanics and Materials 513-517 (February 2014): 2880–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.513-517.2880.
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The emphasis of this paper is to research dynamic characteristic of giant magnetostrictive actuator (GMA). First, a prototype of GMA driving by a Φ5×40mm GMM rod (Terfenol-D) is made and the experimental test-bench is set, the optimal pre-pressure of GMA is 129N, and GMA can made 39.5μm strain with 218N output force under 5A current. Then, the energy of electrical, magnetic and mechanical of GMA is studied, equivalent circuit of energy conversion is summarized. At last, dynamic characteristic of GMA is measured, and hysteresis of strain under high frequency is tested. The results show that the resonant frequency of GMA is 1200Hz, and the magnetostriction coupling coefficient up to 0.572. The output strain of GMA increase with the frequency increasing before resonant frequency, and GMA has max output strain (49μm) under 1A current at 1200Hz.
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Inerbaev, T. M., A. U. Abuova, A. K. Dauletbekova, F. U. Abuova, and B. Zhuman. "Electronic structure modification and negative magnetostriction in Fe-Ga alloy of D03 structure with Ga content variation." BULLETIN of L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University. Technical Science and Technology Series 141, no. 4 (2022): 74–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.32523/2616-7263-2022-141-4-74-86.
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The influence of a change in the Ga content on the magnetostrictive properties of the Fe3Ga alloy with the D03 structure has been studied by density functional theory methods. The change in the stoichiometry of the alloy under study was carried out by replacing the Fe atoms with Ga. The replacement leads to a significant change in the electronic structure of the systems under study, which leads to a significant increase in the density of electronic states near the Fermi level. This effect leads to an increase in the magnetoelastic energy, which leads to an increase in the value of the magnetostrictive coefficient λ001. A further increase in λ001 occurs due to a decrease in the shear modulus, which occurs due to an increase in the number of loosening bonds in the system with an increase in the Ga content. The resulting dependence of λ001 on the Ga content, although they show an increase in the absolute value of the coefficient λ001, but give its negative values, in contrast to the positive value of magnetostriction observed in the experiment. Solving the problem of matching the sign of the theoretical and experimental values of the magnetostrictive coefficients requires further research.
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Toutsop, Borel, Benjamin Ducharne, Mickael Lallart, Laurent Morel, and Pierre Tsafack. "Characterization of Tensile Stress-Dependent Directional Magnetic Incremental Permeability in Iron-Cobalt Magnetic Sheet: Towards Internal Stress Estimation through Non-Destructive Testing." Sensors 22, no. 16 (2022): 6296. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22166296.
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Iron-Cobalt ferromagnetic alloys are promoted for electrical energy conversion in aeronautic applications, but their high magnetostrictive coefficients may result in undesired behaviors. Internal stresses can be tuned to limit magnetostriction but must be adequately assessed in a non-destructive way during production. For this, directional magnetic incremental permeability is proposed in this work. For academic purposes, internal stresses have been replaced by homogenous external stress, which is easier to control using traction/compression testbench and results in similar effects. Tests have been limited to tensile stress stimuli, the worst-case scenario for magnetic stress observation on positive magnetostriction coefficient materials. Hysteresis cycles have been reconstructed from the incremental permeability measurement for stability and reproducibility of the measured quantities. The directionality of the sensor provides an additional degree of freedom in the magnetic response observation. The study reveals that an angle of π/2 between the DC (Hsurf DC) and the AC (Hsurf AC) magnetic excitations with a flux density Ba at HsurfDC = 10 kA·m−1 constitute the ideal experimental situation and the highest correlated parameter to a homogeneous imposed tensile stress. Magnetic incremental permeability is linked to the magnetic domain wall bulging magnetization mechanism; this study thus provides insights for understanding such a mechanism.
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He, Wei, and Shuanghua Liu. "A magnetoelectric heterostructure employing a magnetic levitation mechanism for harvesting low-frequency vibration energy." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2474, no. 1 (2023): 012003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2474/1/012003.
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Abstract A magnetoelectric (ME) heterostructure using shear-mode ME transducers to extract ambient low-frequency vibration energy is proposed. The demand for the traditional mechanical spring is eliminated by utilizing a magnetic levitation mechanism. When the suspending magnet moves relative to the ME transducers, the piezoelectric plates deform in shear mode owing to the magnetostriction of the magnetostrictive plates, and large shear piezoelectric effect is induced. Consequently, larger voltages can be produced by the presented device. The kinetic equation of the energy harvesting system is derived and solved, and the maximum output power is obtained based on the vibration rule and the variation of the sensed magnetic field. The feasibility of the heterostructure is experimentally verified. The maximum load power increases with acceleration. A maximum output power of 1.46mW is generated across a 1.25MΩ resistive load at the acceleration of 0.7g. The generated energy of the heterostructure is sufficient to drive a low-power electronic device. Improvements are feasible, which allow an obvious increase of the maximum output powers by employing a Halbach array with a particular arrangement of the magnets.
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Norhaniza, Rizuan, Saiful Amri Mazlan, Ubaidillah Ubaidillah, et al. "Sensitivities of Rheological Properties of Magnetoactive Foam for Soft Sensor Technology." Sensors 21, no. 5 (2021): 1660. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21051660.
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Magnetoactive (MA) foam, with its tunable mechanical properties and magnetostriction, has the potential to be used for the development of soft sensor technology. However, researchers have found that its mechanical properties and magnetostriction are morphologically dependent, thereby limiting its capabilities for dexterous manipulation. Thus, in this work, MA foam was developed with additional capabilities for controlling its magnetostriction, normal force, storage modulus, shear stress and torque by manipulating the concentration of carbonyl iron particles (CIPs) and the magnetic field with regard to morphological changes. MA foams were prepared with three weight percentages of CIPs, namely, 35 wt.%, 55 wt.% and 75 wt.%, and three different modes, namely, zero shear, constant shear and various shears. The results showed that the MA foam with 75 wt.% of CIPs enhanced the normal force sensitivity and positive magnetostriction sensitivity by up to 97% and 85%, respectively. Moreover, the sensitivities of the storage modulus, torque and shear stress were 8.97 Pa/mT, 0.021 µN/mT, and 0.0096 Pa/mT, respectively. Meanwhile, the magnetic dipolar interaction between the CIPs was capable of changing the property of MA foam from a positive to a negative magnetostriction under various shear strains with a low loss of energy. Therefore, it is believed that this kind of highly sensitive MA foam can potentially be implemented in future soft sensor systems.
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Heczko, Oleg. "Magnetoelastic Coupling in Ni-Mn-Ga Magnetic Shape Memory Alloy." Materials Science Forum 635 (December 2009): 125–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.635.125.
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The role of magnetoelastic coupling in the mechanism of magnetically induced reorientation or redistribution (MIR) of twin variants is still a matter of some controversy. To evaluate this role ordinary magnetostriction of different Ni-Mn-Ga single crystals transforming to 5M (exhibiting MIR) and NM (no MIR) martensite were measured. The magnetostriction of Ni-Mn-Ga austenite is relatively low and steeply increases when approaching to martensite transformation. This is correlated to the softening of elastic modulus. Observed high field contribution of opposite sign may be due to the dependence of higher order elastic constant on magnetic field. The magnetostriction of martensite is difficult to determine as it is masked by much stronger MIR effect and indirect method must be used. The results are discussed in the frame of magnetoelastic model for MIR and compared with magnetic energy model.
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Chang, Guang Hui, Shi Jian Zhu, and Jing Jun Lou. "Model-Based Adaptive Sliding Mode Control Design for Magnetostrictive Actuator." Applied Mechanics and Materials 392 (September 2013): 324–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.392.324.
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Giant magnetostrictive actuator (GMA) has been used in precise position, active vibration control etc. for its merits of large output force and displacement. At low drive level, GMA presents linear relation between displacement and input current, while nonlinear appears when applied moderate or high drive level. This paper addresses the development of model-based adaptive sliding mode control designs for GMA operating in nonlinear and hysteretic regimes. Homogenized energy model in combination with a quadratic moment rotation model for magnetostriction is adopted in this paper to describe hysteresis of GMA, and its inverse model is employed as a inverse filter before GMA system to compensate the hysteresis and nonlinear. The proposed control law guaranteed global stability of the control system with certain accuracy in tracking desired trajectories. Simulation result verified the correctness and effectiveness of the extracted control method.
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Sakon, Takuo, Junya Yamazaki, Takumi Komori, et al. "The Forced Magnetostrictions and Magnetic Properties of Ni2MnX (X = In, Sn) Ferromagnetic Heusler Alloys." Materials 13, no. 9 (2020): 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13092017.
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Experimental studies into the forced magnetostriction, magnetization, and temperature dependence of permeability in Ni2MnIn and Ni2MnSn ferromagnetic Heusler alloys were performed according to the spin fluctuation theory of itinerant ferromagnetism proposed by Takahashi. We investigated the magnetic field (H) dependence of magnetization (M) at the Curie temperature TC, and at T = 4.2 K, which concerns the ground state of the ferromagnetic state. The M-H result at TC was analyzed by means of the H versus M5 dependence. At 4.2 K, it was investigated by means of an Arrott plot (H/M vs. M2) according to Takahashi’s theory. As for Ni2MnIn and Ni2MnSn, the spin fluctuation parameters in k-space (momentum space, TA) and that in energy space (frequency space, T0) obtained at TC and 4.2 K were almost the same. The average values obtained at TC and 4.2 K were TA = 342 K, T0 = 276 K for Ni2MnIn and TA = 447 K, T0 = 279 K for Ni2MnSn, respectively. The forced magnetostriction at TC was also investigated. The forced linear magnetostriction (ΔL/L) and the forced volume magnetostriction (ΔV/V) were proportional to M4, which followed Takahashi’s theory. We compared the forced volume magnetostriction ΔV/V and mechanical parameter, bulk modulus K. ΔV/V is inversely proportional to K. We also discuss the spin polarization of Ni2MnIn and other magnetic Heusler alloys. The pC/pS of Ni2MnIn was 0.860. This is comparable with that of Co2MnGa, which is a famous half-metallic alloy.
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Cao, Shuang, Ming ming Li, Qian Wang, Ling Weng, and Wen mei Huang. "M torsional mode magnetostrictive patch transducer with TPSMs for liquid-filled pipes inspection." AIP Advances 13, no. 3 (2023): 035308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0142215.
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T (0,1) mode guided waves have no axial or radial vibration displacement. Therefore, the energy leakage is small in liquid-filled pipes, which is suitable for detecting the axial defects of the liquid-filled pipes. Fe–Co materials with high magnetostriction coefficient is fabricated. Its magnetic properties are tested. The size and distribution of static magnetic fields generated by different permanent magnets are verified by simulation. A new torsional mode guided wave magnetostrictive patch transducer with tile-shaped permanent magnets for defect detection of the liquid-filled pipes is proposed. The detection effect of the transducer on the liquid-filled pipes under different pressures is tested through experiments. The proposed transducer consists of four tile-shaped permanent magnets, eight triangular yokes, a coil, and two magnetostrictive patches. Four groups of tile permanent magnets are symmetrically distributed around the patch according to the polarity. Magnetic yokes are installed at both ends of each group of tile permanent magnets. The experiment verified that the magnetostrictive patch transducer realize the excitation and reception of guided wave signals in the magnetostrictive patches. The amplitude and signal-to-noise ratio of echo signals is improved. The position of pipe defects is determined according to the propagation time of guided wave. The influence of different pressures in the liquid-filled pipes on the amplitude of guided wave is verified.
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Sakon, Takuo, Yuhi Hayashi, Dexin Li, et al. "Forced Magnetostrictions and Magnetizations of Ni2+xMnGa1−x at Its Curie Temperature." Materials 11, no. 11 (2018): 2115. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma11112115.
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Experimental investigations into the field dependence of magnetization and the relationship between magnetization and magnetostriction in Ni2+xMnGa1−x (x = 0.00, 0.02, 0.04) alloy ferromagnets were performed following the self-consistent renormalization (SCR) spin fluctuation theory of itinerant ferromagnetism. In this study, we investigated the magnetization of and magnetostriction on Ni2+xMnGa1−x (x = 0.02, 0.04) to check whether these relations held when the ratio of Ni to Ga and, the valence electron concentration per atom, e/a were varied. When the ratio of Ni to Ga was varied, e/a increased with increasing x. The magnetization results for x = 0.02 (e/a = 7.535) and 0.04 (e/a = 7.570) suggest that the critical index δ of H ∝ Mδ is around 5.0 at the Curie temperature TC, which is the critical temperature of the ferromagnetic–paramagnetic transition. This result confirms Takahashi’s spin fluctuation theory and the experimental results of Ni2MnGa. The spontaneous magnetization pS slightly decreased with increasing x. For x = 0.00, the spin fluctuation parameter in k-space (momentum space; TA) and that in energy space (T0) were obtained. The relationship between peff/pS and TC/T0 can also be explained by Takahashi’s theory, where peff indicates the effective magnetic moments. We created a generalized Rhodes-Wohlfarth plot of peff/pS versus TC/T0 for other ferromagnets. The plot indicates that the relationship between peff/pS and T0/TC follows Takahashi’s theory. We also measured the magnetostriction for Ni2+xMnGa1−x (x = 0.02, 0.04). As a result, at TC, the plot of the magnetostriction (ΔL/L) versus M4 shows proportionality and crosses the origin. These magnetization and magnetostriction results were analyzed in terms of Takahashi’s SCR spin fluctuation theory. We investigated the magnetostriction at the premartensite phase, which is the precursor state to the martensitic transition. In Ni2MnGa system alloys, the maximum value of magnetostriction is almost proportional to the e/a.
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Ozden, Merve G., and Nicola A. Morley. "Laser Additive Manufacturing of Fe-Based Magnetic Amorphous Alloys." Magnetochemistry 7, no. 2 (2021): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/magnetochemistry7020020.
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Fe-based amorphous materials offer new opportunities for magnetic sensors, actuators, and magnetostrictive transducers due to their high saturation magnetostriction (λs = 20–40 ppm) and low coercive field compared with polycrystalline Fe-based alloys, which have high magnetostriction but large coercive fields and Co-based amorphous alloys with small magnetostriction (λs = −3 to −5 ppm). Additive layer manufacturing (ALM) offers a new fabrication technique for more complex net-shaping designs. This paper reviews the two different ALM techniques that have been used to fabricate Fe-based amorphous magnetic materials, including the structural and magnetic properties. Selective laser melting (SLM)—a powder-bed fusion technique—and laser-engineered net shaping (LENS)—a directed energy deposition method—have both been utilised to fabricate amorphous alloys, owing to their high availability and low cost within the literature. Two different scanning strategies have been introduced by using the SLM technique. The first strategy is a double-scanning strategy, which gives rise to maximum relative density of 96% and corresponding magnetic saturation of 1.22 T. It also improved the glassy phase content by an order of magnitude of 47%, as well as improving magnetic properties (decreasing coercivity to 1591.5 A/m and increasing magnetic permeability to around 100 at 100 Hz). The second is a novel scanning strategy, which involves two-step melting: preliminary laser melting and short pulse amorphisation. This increased the amorphous phase fraction to a value of up to 89.6%, and relative density up to 94.1%, and lowered coercivity to 238 A/m. On the other hand, the LENS technique has not been utilised as much as SLM in the production of amorphous alloys owing to its lower geometric accuracy (0.25 mm) and lower surface quality, despite its benefits such as providing superior mechanical properties, controlled composition and microstructure. As a result, it has been commonly used for large parts with low complexity and for repairing them, limiting the production of amorphous alloys because of the size limitation. This paper provides a comprehensive review of these techniques for Fe-based amorphous magnetic materials.
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Kamimoto, Katsumi, Fuminori Ishibashi, Shinichi Noda, Shunji Yanase, and Tadashi Sasaki. "Magnetostriction and motor vibration." Electrical Engineering in Japan 148, no. 2 (2004): 8–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/eej.10338.
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Jafari, Hamid, Ali Ghodsi, Saber Azizi, and Mohammad Reza Ghazavi. "Energy harvesting based on magnetostriction, for low frequency excitations." Energy 124 (April 2017): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2017.02.014.
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Chowdhury, H. A., Saiful Amri Mazlan, and Abdul Ghani Olabi. "A Simulation Study of Magnetostrictive Material Terfenol-D in Automotive CNG Fuel Injection Actuation." Solid State Phenomena 154 (April 2009): 41–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.154.41.
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Magnetostriction is the deformation that spontaneously occurs in ferromagnetic materials when an external magnetic field is applied. In applications broadly defined for actuation, magnetostrictive material Terfenol-D (Tb0.3Dy0.7Fe1.9) possesses intrinsic rapid response times while providing small and accurate displacements and high-energy efficiency. These are some of the essential parameters required for fast control of fuel injector valves for decreased engine emissions and lower fuel consumption compared with the traditional solenoid fuel injection system. A prototype CNG fuel injector assembly was designed which included magnetostrictive material Terfenol-D as the actuator material. A 2D cross-sectional geometry of the injector assembly, which incorporated both linear and non-linear magnetic properties of the corresponding materials, was modeled in ANSYS for 2D axisymmetric magnetic simulation. Subsequently, a 3D replica of the CNG flow conduit was modeled in GAMBIT with the resultant injector lift. The meshed conduit was then simulated in FLUENT using the 3D time independent segregated solver with the Standard k , the Realizable k and RSM turbulence models to predict the mass flow rate of CNG to be injected. Eventually, the simulated flow rate was verified against mathematically derived static flow rate required for a standard automotive fuel injector considering standard horsepower, BSFC and injector duty cycle.
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Zhao, Li Juan, Xiao Tian, Zhan Quan Yao, Xuan Zhao, and Ojiyed Tegus. "Effects of a Large Content of Yttrium Doping on Microstructure and Magnetostriction of Fe83Ga17 Alloy." Solid State Phenomena 288 (March 2019): 27–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.288.27.
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As-cast (Fe0.83Ga0.17)100-xYx (x=0, 3, 6 and 9) alloys were prepared by non-consumable vacuum arc melting furnace under a protective argon atmosphere. The crystal structures and surface morphologies of the alloys were studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD), optical microscope (OM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), combined with energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), respectively. The surface domain structures were observed by atomic force microscopy (AFM). The magnetostriction coefficients of the alloys were measured by strain gauging method. The results showed that the as-cast Fe83Ga17 alloy was composed only of a single phase of A2 with bcc structure, whereas the ternary Fe-Ga-Y alloys contain multiphase structure, besides the A2 phase, (FeGa)17Y1.76 new phases are observed as well, and an elemental yttrium phase appeared when the yttrium content increased to x=6 and x=9. Doping with yttrium have an effect on the change of magnetic domain structure of the binary alloy. With increasing x, the magnetostriction coefficient of the (Fe0.83Ga0.17)100-xYx alloys decreased sharply. The minimum magnetostriction coefficient is reduced to 12 ppm at the magnetic field of 426kA/m when x=9.
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Xia, Dong Sheng, Yan Yu, and Hui Chen Zhang. "Numerical Simulation of Magnetostriction-Induced Cavitation Flow." Applied Mechanics and Materials 477-478 (December 2013): 271–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.477-478.271.
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The magnetostriction-induced cavitation flow was numerically simulated by using a full cavitation model with the SSTk-ωturbulence model and the dynamic mesh technique. The characteristics of ultrasonic cavitation flow and the cavitation erosion mechanism were revealed. The computational results show that the pressure fluctuation possesses the characteristics of pulse on the specimen. Intense pressure pluses and cavitation occur in the local flow adjacent to the specimen. As numerous bubbles collapse, intense pressure pulses form on the specimen. Cavitation intensity is serious at the center while it is slight at the edge. The pressure pulse and the vapor volumn fraction with the equal magnitude symmetrically distribute around the center, meaning that cavitatin erosion appears a symmetrical pattern around the center. The effective pressure fluctuation occurs in the local flow field within the distance of one third of the wave length to the specimen. It is validated that the wave energy dissipates very fast in the magnetostriction-induced cavitation flow.
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Naifar, Slim, Sonia Bradai, and Olfa Kanoun. "A magnetoelectric vibration converter with tunable resonance frequency / Magnetoelektrischer Vibrationswandler mit einstellbarer Resonanzfrequenz." tm - Technisches Messen 86, s1 (2019): 97–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/teme-2019-0051.
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AbstractIntegration of smart materials to harvest energy from low vibration sources for powering wireless sensor networks has been of significant interest and still is. Owing to large magnetostriction and energy density of Terfenol- D, the use of piezoelectric/Terfenol-D composites exhibit great potential for the realization of vibration converters. In this work, a magnetoelectric vibration converter is dpresented. The interaction between the magnetic circuit and the magnetoelectric transducer is employed to tune the resonance frequency of the converter.
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Buckmann, Karsten, Björn Kiefer, Thorsten Bartel, and Andreas Menzel. "Modeling of Single Crystal Magnetostriction Based on Numerical Energy Relaxation Techniques." PAMM 14, no. 1 (2014): 399–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pamm.201410187.
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Shirazi, Paymon, Mohanchandra K. Panduranga, Taehwan Lee та ін. "Stress-induced Néel vector reorientation in γ-FeMn antiferromagnetic thin films". Applied Physics Letters 120, № 20 (2022): 202405. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0094912.
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The relationship between stresses and the orientation of the Néel vector were studied by varying the residual stresses in magnetron sputtered FeMn thin films by adjusting Argon working pressures. Quasistatic magnetization and AC susceptibility measurements reveal that the FeMn film with compressive stress (−27 MPa/−0.015% strain) possesses an out-of-plane Néel vector orientation with a 44 kOe spin-flop field, as contrasted to the FeMn film with tensile stress (25 MPa/0.014% strain) showing an in-plane orientation with a 34 kOe spin-flop field. An energy formulation for the films estimates a magnetostriction value of 109 ppm following an effective anisotropy of −8 kJ/m3. The film with the larger residual stress (77 MPa/0.043% strain) displayed a strain-induced phase transition from γ-FeMn to α-FeMn. These results show the dependency of the Néel vector on the stress state indicative of relatively large magnetostriction.
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Tomiczek, A. E., R. Mech, L. A. Dobrzański, and T. Tański. "Magnetomechanical Properties Of Composite Materials With Giant Magnetostriction." Archives of Metallurgy and Materials 60, no. 3 (2015): 1819–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/amm-2015-0311.
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AbstractThe aim of this work was to observe the changes in the magnetomechanical properties of composite materials with different Tb0.3Dy0.7Fe1.9(Terfenol-D) powder particle-size distributions and varying volume fractions in the polyurethane matrix. The results show a direct relationship between the properties and the particle size of the Tb0.3Dy0.7Fe1.9powder: the increases in the particle-size distribution of the Tb0.3Dy0.7Fe1.9powder in the matrix amplify the magnetostrictive responses and the compressive modulus values. Moreover, it was found that the key role in efficiency of the transformation of magnetic energy into mechanical plays the initial compressing pre-stress.
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Chen, Lei, and Yao Wang. "Dependence of Modified Butterworth Van-Dyke Model Parameters and Magnetoimpedance on DC Magnetic Field for Magnetoelectric Composites." Materials 14, no. 16 (2021): 4730. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14164730.
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This study investigates the impedance curve of magnetoelectric (ME) composites (i.e., Fe80Si9B11/Pb(Zr0.3Ti0.7)O3 laminate) and extracts the modified Butterworth–Van Dyke (MBVD) model’s parameters at various direct current (DC) bias magnetic fields Hdc. It is interesting to find that both the magnetoimpedance and MBVD model’s parameters of ME composite depend on Hdc, which is primarily attributed to the dependence of FeSiB’s and neighboring PZT’s material properties on Hdc. On one hand, the delta E effect and magnetostriction of FeSiB result in the change in PZT’s dielectric permittivity, leading to the variation in impedance with Hdc. On the other hand, the magnetostriction and mechanical energy dissipation of FeSiB as a function of Hdc result in the field dependences of the MBVD model’s parameters and mechanical quality factor. Furthermore, the influences of piezoelectric and electrode materials properties on the MBVD model’s parameters are analyzed. This study plays a guiding role for ME sensor design and its application.
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NI, Xiaotian, Ryouta HIRUMA, and Yoshio YAMAMOTO. "2A1-P28 Magnetostriction Power Generator Using Vibration Energy(Mechatronics for Ecology System)." Proceedings of JSME annual Conference on Robotics and Mechatronics (Robomec) 2013 (2013): _2A1—P28_1—_2A1—P28_4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmermd.2013._2a1-p28_1.
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Venkatraman, Raghavendra, Vivekanand Dabade, and Richard D. James. "Bounds on the Energy of a Soft Cubic Ferromagnet with Large Magnetostriction." Journal of Nonlinear Science 30, no. 6 (2020): 3367–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00332-020-09653-6.
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Zhou, Jifeng, Junhua You, and Keqiang Qiu. "Advances in Fe-based amorphous/nanocrystalline alloys." Journal of Applied Physics 132, no. 4 (2022): 040702. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0092662.
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Fe-based amorphous/nanocrystalline alloys exhibit excellent soft magnetic properties, including high saturation magnetic flux density ( Bs), high permeability, low coercivity ( Hc), and low magnetostriction. They are utilized in distribution transformers, transformers, reactors, and other devices. As green, energy-saving, and environmentally friendly materials, their application fields have more possibilities. In this paper, the development history, composition design principle, heat treatment process, magnetic properties, and annealing brittleness of Fe-based amorphous/nanocrystalline alloys are introduced.
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Timofeev, A. A., A. A. Povzner, and P. V. Gel’d. "Magnetic susceptibility and sound velocity in strong paramagnets." Soviet Journal of Low Temperature Physics 12, no. 2 (1986): 110–12. https://doi.org/10.1063/10.0031444.
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The influence of magetostrictive interaction on the sound-velocity polytherms in an external magnetic field is investigated within the framework of the theory of spin fluctuations in weak energy-band magnetic materials. It is shown that allowance for the temperature dependence of the exchange-enhancement factor and the magnetostriction contribution to the sound velocity makes it possible to explain the experimental data on the magnetic susceptibility and sound velocity in strong paramagnets.
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Yong, Huadong, Ze Jing, and Youhe Zhou. "Magnetostriction and magnetization in deformable superconductors." Physica C: Superconductivity 483 (December 2012): 51–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physc.2012.07.002.
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Bohachev, Ihor, Svitlana Kovtun, Yurii Kuts, Stanislav Sozonov, and Vladyslav Khaidurov. "Enhanced phase method of signal detection for ultrasonic magnetostriction defectoscopy of power equipment." System Research in Energy 2023, no. 2 (2023): 72–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/srenergy2023.02.072.
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The magnetostrictive method of ultrasonic flaw detection has certain advantages, in particular, the ability to control objects with complex geometry, at their high temperature, the ability to control dry contact between the transducer and the object, difficult access to the controlled area, etc. The peculiarities of the generation of ultrasonic waves by magnetostrictive transducers and their distribution in control objects determine the low level of the signal/noise ratio, which limits the possibilities of practical application of this method. The aim of the paper is to improve the phase method for detecting signals of magnetostrictive receivers with a low signal/noise ratio and to check the effectiveness of the proposed technical solution for solving problems of non-destructive testing of energy equipment elements using magnetostrictive defectoscopes. The paper discusses the phase method of detecting radio pulse signals of magnetostrictive converters against the background of additive noise, which is based on a combination of the capabilities of the discrete Hilbert transformation, which makes it possible to determine the envelope and phase of signals, and methods of statistical processing of the results of phase measurements. The proposed signal processing algorithm was studied both in a model experiment and when processing real magnetostrictive defectoscope signals. The proposed method makes it possible to detect radio pulse signals with a signal/noise ratio close to 1. The reliability of the obtained data is confirmed by the results of computer simulation. The considered method of detecting signals can be used in ultrasonic magnetostrictive defectoscopes and other diagnostic systems operating in conditions of reduced signal/noise ratio. Keywords: magnetostrictive defectoscope, ultrasonic defectoscopy, phase methods of signal processing, Hilbert transform, envelope, phase, sample resulting length of the vector.
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Ito, S., T. Mifune, T. Matsuo, and C. Kaido. "Energy-Based Magnetization and Magnetostriction Modeling of Grain-Oriented Silicon Steel Under Vectorial Excitations." IEEE Transactions on Magnetics 52, no. 5 (2016): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tmag.2016.2519602.
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Zheng, Wei, Guangqiang Zhang, Qian Zhang, et al. "Effects of Stress on Loss and Magnetic Properties of Fe80Co3Si3B10P1C3 Amorphous Iron Cores." Metals 13, no. 11 (2023): 1823. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met13111823.
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The research on how to reduce energy consumption and improve the efficiency of amorphous motors has extensive coverage. This study systematically investigates the influence of internal stress induced by impregnation curing and interference fit on the soft magnetic properties and loss characteristics of Fe80Co3Si3B10P1C3 (CAF4) amorphous alloy iron cores. The amorphous iron core samples undergo analysis through differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), magnetic performance testing equipment, flexible pressure sensors, and magnetostriction testers. The CAF4 amorphous iron core after impregnation curing (AIC) exhibits the lowest loss of P1.2T,1.5 kHz = 22.8 W/kg when annealed at 260 °C, representing a 21% increase compared to the pre-impregnation curing (BIC) state. Within the commonly utilized interference fit range, the loss growth rate of CAF4 amorphous iron cores is lower than that of Fe80Si9B11 (1K101). Likewise, at a frequency of 50 Hz and an excitation of 1000 A/m, the magnetostriction coefficient of CAF4 is smaller than that of 1K101. Within the typical interference fit range, the magnetization performance of CAF4 amorphous iron cores surpasses that of 1K101, favoring lightweight and compact motor designs and reducing copper losses. Consequently, CAF4 amorphous iron cores exhibit significant advantages when employed in motors.