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Journal articles on the topic 'Magnets'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 July 2025

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1

Dong, S. X., B. Li, B. S. Zhang, X. Q. Wang, and G. Y. Feng. "Design of A Permanent Quadrupole Magnet with Adjustable Magnetic Field Gradient." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2687, no. 2 (2024): 022029. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2687/2/022029.

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Abstract As compared to traditional magnets, permanent magnets can effectively reduce energy consumption and eliminate the impact of current ripple and the water cooling system on beam current. The use of permanent magnets in accelerators has become a new trend as permanent magnet technology has advanced. In HALF (Hefei Advanced Light Facility), we have designed a permanent magnet based on the quadrupole magnet, and the central magnetic field strength of the permanent magnet can be adjusted, indicating that single or multiple permanent magnets can be developed to replace different sizes of qua

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2

Nagai, Keita, Naohiro Sugita, and Tadahiko Shinshi. "Batch Fine Magnetic Pattern Transfer Method on Permanent Magnets Using Coercivity Change during Heating for Magnetic MEMS." Micromachines 15, no. 2 (2024): 248. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi15020248.

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In magnetic microelectromechanical systems (MEMSs), permanent magnets in the form of a thick film or thin plate are used for structural and manufacturing purposes. However, the geometric shape induces a strong self-demagnetization field during thickness–direction magnetization, limiting the surface magnetic flux density and output power. The magnets must be segmented or magnetized in a fine and multi-pole manner to weaken the self-demagnetization field. Few studies have been performed on fine multi-pole magnetization techniques that can generate a higher surface magnetic flux density than segm

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3

Amjadian, Mohsen, and Anil K. Agrawal. "Planar arrangement of permanent magnets in design of a magneto-solid damper by finite element method." Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures 31, no. 7 (2020): 998–1014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1045389x20905968.

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This article studies the energy dissipation mechanism of a proposed magneto-solid damper using a three-dimensional finite element model developed in COMSOL Multiphysics software. The energy dissipation mechanism of the magneto-solid damper dissipates energy through combined actions of friction and eddy current damping. The key components of the magneto-solid damper are a steel plate, two copper plates placed on two sides of the steel plate in parallel, and two planar arrays of permanent magnets each one placed between the steel plate and one of the copper plates. These arrays are kept away fro

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Zhang, Yuyang, Yonggang Leng, Hao Zhang, et al. "Comparative study on equivalent models calculating magnetic force between permanent magnets." Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing and Special Equipment 1, no. 1 (2020): 43–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jimse-09-2020-0009.

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PurposeAn appropriate equivalent model is the key to the effective analysis of the system and structure in which permanent magnet takes part. At present, there are several equivalent models for calculating the interacting magnetic force between permanent magnets including magnetizing current, magnetic charge and magnetic dipole–dipole model. How to choose the most appropriate and efficient model still needs further discussion.Design/methodology/approachThis paper chooses cuboid, cylindrical and spherical permanent magnets as calculating objects to investigate the detailed calculation procedure

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Wang, Yichao, Peng Gao, Xuan Luo, and Houxiang Han. "Electro-Magnetic and Stress Analysis of a −400 T2/m High-Field Gradient Magnet with a Room-Temperature Bore Size of 200 mm." Applied Sciences 14, no. 5 (2024): 1744. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app14051744.

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High-field-strength gradient superconducting magnets have been widely used in many fields. With advancements in technology, the demand for large-aperture magnets is gradually increasing, but there is relatively little research on the design and stress–strain of large-aperture gradient magnets. This article presents the design and analysis of a superconducting magnet characterized by a high field strength of 10 T, a strong gradient of −400 T2/m, and a large room-temperature bore of 200 mm. The aim of this project is to establish an experimental setup for the growth of Ga1−xInxSb crystals. The s

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Kaňuch, Ján, and Želmíra Ferková. "Design and simulation of disk stepper motor with permanent magnets." Archives of Electrical Engineering 62, no. 2 (2013): 281–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/aee-2013-0022.

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Abstract In this paper the design and the magneto-static simulation of axial-flux permanent- magnet stepper motor with the disc type rotor is presented. Disk motors are particularly suitable for electrical vehicles, robots, valve control, pumps, centrifuges, fans, machine tools and manufacturing. The brushless machine with axial flux and permanent magnets, also called the disc-type machine, is an interesting alternative to its cylindrical radial flux counterpart due to the disk shape, compact construction and high torque density. This paper describes a design of four phase microstepping motor

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7

Mills, Allan. "William Gilbert and ‘Magnetization by Percussion’." Notes and Records of the Royal Society 65, no. 4 (2011): 411–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsnr.2011.0014.

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In his De Magnete William Gilbert claims that it is possible to make a magnet by hammering a red-hot bar of wrought iron arranged north–south on an anvil. This is contrary to modern ideas concerning the ‘Curie temperature’ (770°C for carbon steel), and to the recognized susceptibility of steel magnets to mechanical abuse. It has proved impossible to replicate Gilbert's technique experimentally. Only lengthy cold hammering of hardened carbon steel specimens on a large ferrous anvil produced weak permanent magnets.

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Sun, R. X., Z. G. Deng, Y. F. Gou, et al. "Feasibility of low-cost magnetic rail designs by integrating ferrite magnets and NdFeB magnets for HTS Maglev systems." International Journal of Modern Physics B 29, no. 25n26 (2015): 1542043. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979215420436.

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Permanent magnet guideway (PMG) is an indispensable part of high temperature superconducting (HTS) Maglev systems. Present PMGs are made of NdFeB magnets with excellent performance and cost much. As another permanent magnet material, the ferrite magnet is weak at magnetic energy product and coercive force, but inexpensive. So, it is a possible way to integrate the ferrite and NdFeB magnets for cutting down the cost of present PMGs. In the paper, the equivalent on magnetic field intensity between ferrite magnets and NdFeB magnets was evaluated by finite element simulation. According to the calc

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9

Vannest, Jeremiah, and Julia Zhang. "Partially Segmented Permanent-Magnet Losses in Interior Permanent-Magnet Motors." Energies 18, no. 11 (2025): 2879. https://doi.org/10.3390/en18112879.

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Permanent-magnet losses in interior permanent-magnet (IPM) motors can result in high magnet temperatures and potential demagnetization. This study investigates using partially segmented magnets as an alternative to traditional segmented magnets to reduce these losses. Partial segmentation involves cutting slots into the magnet to redirect the eddy current path and reduce losses. The research explores analytical and finite element modeling of eddy current losses in partially segmented magnets in IPM machines. Various configurations and orientations of partial segmentation were examined to asses

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10

Koleleni, Yusuf Ismail. "Relationship between Temperature and the Magnetic Strength." Asian Journal of Research and Reviews in Physics 9, no. 1 (2025): 57–69. https://doi.org/10.9734/ajr2p/2025/v9i1182.

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The magnetic field will attract ferrous materials like iron or nickel. It also attracts or repels other magnets depending, on the polarity of the other magnets Permanent magnets are made from materials that will remain magnetized and are hence able to maintain the magnetic field around them continuously. The study aims at investigating the effect of temperature on the strength of magnets; emphasizing both the scientific and practical significance the work provides knowledge to undertand the properties of magnets of its strength when confronted with different temperatures. Once the results are

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11

Zhu, Xin-De, Wei-Ming Liu, Fei Wang, et al. "The Impact of Ho Addition on the Microstructural Features and Magnetic Performances of Sintered NdFeB Magnets." Magnetochemistry 11, no. 4 (2025): 32. https://doi.org/10.3390/magnetochemistry11040032.

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Two NdFeB magnets with distinct compositions were fabricated via an identical process. One magnet was doped with 2.5 wt.% of Ho, whereas the other remained undoped. Subsequently, grain boundary diffusion was performed on both magnets using metallic Tb, adopting the same set of technological parameters. A comprehensive analysis was conducted on the magnetic properties, phase compositions, microstructures, and elemental distributions of these two magnets. The findings indicate that the incorporation of Ho enhances the utilization efficiency of Tb. As a result, the magnets can achieve higher coer

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12

Chang, Sungwoo, Noboru Niguchi, Je-Hoon Lee, and Katsuhiro Hirata. "Improvement of Torque Performance and Energy Density of PM-Type Vernier Motor Utilizing Saddle Coil and Salient Pole." Applied Sciences 11, no. 6 (2021): 2818. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11062818.

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In electric motors, the use of rare-earth magnets has been increasing rapidly. A stronger magnet force of the magnet enables the motor’s higher performance, resulting in the most high-performance motors generally using rare-earth magnets. However, these magnets have two crucial disadvantages: the potential restrictions on the supply of rare-earth magnetic materials and the sharp fluctuation in price. Thus, many recent researches focus on developing high-performance electric motors and reducing the use of critical rare-earth magnets. By increasing the torque density of the motor, we can reduce

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Yang, Mei, Fusan Chen, Xianjing Sun, Zhuo Zhang, Wen Kang, and Yingshun Zhu. "Development of the CEPC collider prototype magnets." International Journal of Modern Physics A 36, no. 22 (2021): 2142009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x21420094.

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A Circular Electron Positron Collider (CEPC) with a circumference of about 100 km and a beam energy up to 120 GeV is proposed to be constructed in China. Over 80% of the collider ring is covered by conventional magnets. Most dipole and quadrupole magnets are twin aperture magnets with an inter-beam separation of 350 mm. Two 1-meter-long twin aperture prototype magnets are designed and manufactured. One is a combined dipole–sextupole magnet with aluminum bus bar coils, and the other one is a twin aperture quadrupole magnet with a DT4 compensation sheet to reduce the crosstalk effect between the

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Yun, James M., Michelle W. Colburn, and Patrick J. Antonelli. "Cochlear Implant Magnet Displacement With Minor Head Trauma." Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 133, no. 2 (2005): 275–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.otohns.2005.02.018.

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Objectives: Manufacturers have introduced cochlear implants (CIs) with removable magnets to allow for magnetic resonance imaging after placement. The purpose of this study was to describe magnet displacement as a new CI complication and to suggest apossible treatment option to prevent its recurrence. Study Design: Retrospective case series. Methods: The records of 3 young males who experienced CI magnet dislodgement were reviewed and compared against records from the institutional implant database. Results: Magnet displacement was observed only in young males (14% of male children) who receive

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15

Prokofev, Pavel A., Natalia B. Kolchugina, Katerina Skotnicova, et al. "Blending Powder Process for Recycling Sintered Nd-Fe-B Magnets." Materials 13, no. 14 (2020): 3049. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13143049.

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The wide application of Nd-Fe-B permanent magnets, in addition to rare-earth metal resource constraints, creates the necessity of the development of efficient technologies for recycling sintered Nd-Fe-B permanent magnets. In the present study, a magnet-to-magnet recycling process is considered. As starting materials, magnets of different grades were used, which were processed by hydrogen decrepitation and blending the powder with NdHx. Composition inhomogeneity in the Nd2Fe14B-based magnetic phase grains in the recycled magnets and the existence of a core-shell structure consisting of a Nd-ric

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16

Sirimanna, Samith, Thanatheepan Balachandran, and Kiruba Haran. "A Review on Magnet Loss Analysis, Validation, Design Considerations, and Reduction Strategies in Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors." Energies 15, no. 17 (2022): 6116. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15176116.

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Eddy current losses in magnets are a major consideration in the rotor design of permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs). Stator design choices and the use of modern inverters with high switching frequency introduce harmonics that can contribute to significant losses in the magnets, causing the rotor to heat up. In typical PMSMs, the lack of rotor cooling can cause the magnet’s performance to degrade at high temperatures and eventually demagnetize. This review examines a large number of studies analyzing magnet eddy current losses using analytical methods and finite-element analysis. In som

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17

Hodges, Nichole L., Sarah A. Denny, and Gary A. Smith. "Rare-Earth Magnet Ingestion–Related Injuries in the Pediatric Population: A Review." American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine 11, no. 3 (2015): 259–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1559827615594336.

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Foreign-body ingestions are common among children and usually resolve with limited, if any, treatment. The ingestion of rare-earth magnets, however, commonly results in serious injury or death. These dangerous high-powered magnets can be found in the United States in a variety of consumer products, including magnetic toy sets designed for children and adults. The ingestion of one of such magnet is unlikely to cause significant harm. However, if multiple magnets are ingested, or if a magnet is ingested along with a metal object, the magnets are powerful enough to attract each other through the

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18

Kriswanto, Rizqi Fitri Nuryanto, Renaldy Prasdiansyah, et al. "Analysis of an Axial Permanent Magnetic Bearing for 1MW Horizontal Axis Wind." Journal of Advanced Research in Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Sciences 94, no. 1 (2022): 172–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.37934/arfmts.94.1.172187.

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One way to reduce maintenance costs while improving wind turbine efficiency is to replace mechanical bearings with permanent magnetic bearings. The permanent magnetic bearing is a free contact bearing in which the rotor is elevated from the stator by the magnet's repelling force. The purpose of this study is to analyze the variation of permanent magnet width and the gap distance between the rotor-stator magnets that can produce the magnetic axial force opposing the thrust force of 1MW horizontal axis wind turbines (HAWT). The method used in this study is a magnetic force simulation using finit

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19

Ichimura, Yoshihiro, Hideki Takezawa, and Naotake Mohri. "Relationship between Magnetic Flux Density and Temperature Distributions of Permanent Magnets by EDM." Key Engineering Materials 523-524 (November 2012): 322–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.523-524.322.

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It is difficult to machine permanent magnets by traditional machining such as turning, milling and grinding, because of magnetic force. However, electrical discharge machining (EDM), which is a non-contact thermal machining method, has been used for shape machining of magnetic materials. In the EDM process, non-magnetic materials such as copper and graphite are typically used for electrodes. Magnetic materials have a Curie point; therefore, their magnetic flux density reduces when they are heated to a high temperature. Because EDM is a thermal process, it has the potential to control the magne

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20

Imashuku, Susumu, Kazuaki Wagatsuma, and Jun Kawai. "Scanning Electron Microscope-Cathodoluminescence Analysis of Rare-Earth Elements in Magnets." Microscopy and Microanalysis 22, no. 1 (2016): 82–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927615015676.

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AbstractScanning electron microscope-cathodoluminescence (SEM-CL) analysis was performed for neodymium–iron–boron (NdFeB) and samarium–cobalt (Sm–Co) magnets to analyze the rare-earth elements present in the magnets. We examined the advantages of SEM-CL analysis over conventional analytical methods such as SEM-energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy and SEM-wavelength-dispersive X-ray (WDX) spectroscopy for elemental analysis of rare-earth elements in NdFeB magnets. Luminescence spectra of chloride compounds of elements in the magnets were measured by the SEM-CL method. Chloride compounds w

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Zhu, Caoxiang, Kenneth Hammond, Adam Rutkowski, et al. "PM4Stell: A prototype permanent magnet stellarator structure." Physics of Plasmas 29, no. 11 (2022): 112501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0102754.

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Permanent magnets provide a possible solution to simplify complicated stellarator coils. A prototype permanent magnet stellarator structure, PM4Stell, has been funded to demonstrate the technical feasibility of using permanent magnets to create the shaping field of a stellarator. Permanent magnets in uniform cubes with three polarization directions will be carefully placed to generate the required magnetic field for a National Compact Stellarator eXperiment-like equilibrium together with planar toroidal field coils. Discrete magnets will be glued together and inserted into a “post-office-box-l

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Fischbacher, Johann, Alexander Kovacs, Markus Gusenbauer, et al. "Micromagnetics of rare-earth efficient permanent magnets." Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics 51 (April 20, 2018): 193002. https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6463/aab7d1.

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The development of permanent magnets containing less or no rare-earth elements is linked to profound knowledge of the coercivity mechanism. Prerequisites for a promising permanent magnet material are a high spontaneous magnetization and a sufficiently high magnetic anisotropy. In addition to the intrinsic magnetic properties the microstructure of the magnet plays a significant role in establishing coercivity. The influence of the microstructure on coercivity, remanence, and energy density product can be understood by using micromagnetic simulations. With advances in computer hardware and numer

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Sandler, P. J., S. Meghji, A. M. Murray, et al. "Magnets and Orthodontics." British Journal of Orthodontics 16, no. 4 (1989): 243–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/bjo.16.4.243.

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The first part of this paper is a literature review of magnets and their uses in orthodontics. The biological safety of magnets is considered and a report is given of experiments carried out on rat osteosarcoma cell line UMR-106. The second part of the paper describes a case where neodynium-iron-boron magnets were used to assist eruption of an unerupted, vertically impacted upper right canine. Previously, space was available for this tooth, but it failed to show signs of eruption. Following surgical attachment of a magnet, and the use of a second magnet attached to an upper removable appliance

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Pangkung, Andareas, A. M. Shiddiq Yunus, Mustari Nur Mulyadi, and Padidi Alfrianto Illa. "Rancang Bangun Alternator Mobil Menggunakan Magnet Permanen." Jurnal Teknik Mesin Sinergi 19, no. 2 (2021): 163. http://dx.doi.org/10.31963/sinergi.v19i2.3021.

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The electric power system is one of the sources of electricity found in the vehicle which functions as a starter and electric component of the vehicle. The battery (battery) is a source of electricity to meet the electrical system in the car, but the battery is only a place to store electric charge. Therefore, there is an alternator as a power generator to charge the battery. The alternator on a car uses artificial magnets in its rotor which still require excitation. Therefore, it encourages the author to analyze the comparison of alternators using permanent magnets and artificial magnets. The

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Vijay, V. Warhate. "Exposure to Electro-Magnetic Fields: Global Standards for Packaging, Safety Certification and Handling of Magnetic Material." International Journal of Advance and Applied Research 4, no. 18 (2023): 79–85. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8045823.

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Superconducting electromagnets, ambient temperature electromagnets, permanent magnets, rare-earth magnets are Hazardous Magnetic Materials. According to Biological effects and epidemiological studies (100 kHz–300 GHz),  available experimental evidence indicates that the exposure of resting humans for approximately 30 min to EMF producing a whole-body SAR of between 1 and 4 W kg<sup>-1</sup>. Individuals with pacemakers or internal medical devices should use caution when handling strong magnets. Magnetic fields may affect the operation of these devices. Packaging, Labelling and Safet

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Bandeira, M. C. E., F. D. Prochnow, Isolda Costa, and César V. Franco. "Corrosion Resistance of Nd-Fe-B Magnets Coated with Polypyrrole Films." Materials Science Forum 530-531 (November 2006): 111–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.530-531.111.

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Nd-Fe-B magnets present outstanding magnetic properties. However, due to their low corrosion resistance, their applications are limited to non-corrosive environments. Nowadays, significant efforts are underway to increase the corrosion resistance of these materials, through the use of coatings. Herein are presented the results of a study on the corrosion resistance of Nd-Fe-B magnets coated with polypyrrole (PPY). The electrochemical behavior of coated and uncoated magnets has been studied by Electrochemical Impedance spectroscopy (EIS) in synthetic saliva. The results were compared to previou

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Zhu, Xin-De, Mei Wang, Yong-Jiang Yu, et al. "Coercivity Enhancement of Sintered Nd-Pr-Fe-B Magnets by Cost-Effective Grain Boundary Diffusion of Dy/Tb Films." Crystals 13, no. 10 (2023): 1516. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst13101516.

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High-performance sintered Nd-Pr-Fe-B magnets were successfully prepared by depositing Dy/Tb films on the surface using magnetron sputtering, which resulted in superior grain boundary diffusion (GBD) under heat treatments. The course of the diffusion was assessed using an electron probe microanalyzer (EPMA) and inductively coupled plasma (ICP). The magnetic properties and thermal stability of the magnets before and after diffusion were investigated. The results show that, mainly due to the increased and optimized Nd-Pr-rich phases and the formation of the (Nd,Pr,Dy/Tb)2Fe14B shell structure sur

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Hunkun, Jiao, and Oleg Avrunin. "Feasibility analysis of implant movement along arc trajectory under non-contact control in magnetic stereotaxic system." Innovative Technologies and Scientific Solutions for Industries, no. 3(25) (September 30, 2023): 174–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.30837/itssi.2023.25.174.

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In this paper, the non-contact control of magnetic implants by changing the external magnetic field in the magnetic stereotaxic system is introduced, and the feasibility of making them move along the arc trajectory is analyzed. Through COMSOL software, the process of moving the miniature magnetic implant along the arc trajectory was simulated, the change of the micro-magnetic implant trajectory after the external magnetic field was changed, the relative position relationship between the large permanent magnets was determined, and the mechanical analysis of the miniature magnetic implant moving

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Panchal, T. H., A. N. Patel, and R. M. Patel. "Reduction of cogging torque of radial flux permanent magnet brushless DC motor by magnet shifting technique." Electrical Engineering & Electromechanics, no. 3 (May 30, 2022): 15–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.20998/2074-272x.2022.3.03.

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Introduction. In spite of many advantages of radial flux permanent magnet brushless DC motors it suffers from the distinct disadvantage of high cogging torque. The designer must emphasize to reduce the cogging torque during the design stage. This paper introduces magnet shifting technique to mitigate cogging torque of surface mounted radial flux brushless DC motor. Methodology. Initially 200 W, 1000 rpm surface mounted radial flux permanent magnet brushless DC motor is designed with symmetrical placement of permanent magnets with respect to each other on rotor core. Cogging torque profile of t

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Accardo, Antonella, Trentalessandro Costantino, and Ezio Spessa. "LCA of Recycled (NdDy)FeB Permanent Magnets through Hydrogen Decrepitation." Energies 17, no. 4 (2024): 908. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en17040908.

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Compared to conventional fossil-fueled vehicles, electric vehicles offer several environmental benefits. However, even electric vehicles are not completely environmentally friendly because many of their parts are not recycled today. These parts, especially the magnets that power them, end up in landfills at the end of the vehicle’s life cycle. This study aims to evaluate the environmental impacts of recycled (NdDy)FeB permanent magnets obtained by means of a novel hydrogen-decrepitation-based, magnet-to-magnet recycling technique. The Life Cycle Assessment methodology was used to compare, on a

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Ma, Jun. "The Effect of the Horizontal Distance between the Permanent Magnets on the Levitation Force in Hybrid Magnetic Levitation System." Advanced Materials Research 750-752 (August 2013): 987–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.750-752.987.

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It has been investigated that the interaction force in hybrid magnetic levitation systems with a GdBCO bulk superconductor and a permanent magnet system and two permanent magnets (PM2) and two cubic permanent magnets (PM3) system in their coaxial configuration at liquid nitrogen temperature. A single-domain GdBCO sample is of 20mm and 10mm in thickness, the permanent magnet PM1 is of rectangular parallelepiped shape, the permanent magnets PM2 and PM3 are of cubic shape; the system placed on the middle of system and their coaxial configuration; It is found that the maximum levitation force decr

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Radwan-Pragłowska, Natalia, and Tomasz Węgiel. "Permanent Magnet Selections for AFPM Disc Generators." Energies 15, no. 20 (2022): 7601. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15207601.

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In this article, the field (FEM) and analytical analyses were used for the optimal selection of magnets material for the Axial Flux Permanent Magnet Generator (AFPMG), without building the prototype before. The tested generator is an axial flux machine which consists of a single stator and two rotor discs with Permanent Magnets (PM). Three-dimensional (3D) ANSYS Maxwell package was used for magnetostatic and transient field (FEM) simulations. Two types of PM were selected for the analysis: Ceramic (also known as “Ferrite”) magnets made from Strontium Ferrite powder and Neodymium Iron Boron mag

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DING, XIAOFENG, and CHRIS MI. "MODELING OF EDDY CURRENT LOSS AND TEMPERATURE OF THE MAGNETS IN PERMANENT MAGNET MACHINES." Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers 20, no. 07 (2011): 1287–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021812661100789x.

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The eddy current loss in the magnets of permanent magnet (PM) motors in a hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) and plug-in HEV is usually not taken into consideration in traditional motor design and analysis. However, due to the high conductivity of the rare-earth magnet, neodymium-iron-boron (NdFeB), and slot/tooth harmonics, there is eddy current loss generated inside the magnets. This loss may not attribute very much to the efficiency of the motor, but the temperature-rise inside the magnets caused by this loss can lead to the unpredictable deterioration of the magnets, such as the degradation of

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Anantha Krishna, G. L., and K. M. Sathish Kumar. "Evaluation of brake parameters in copper discs of various thicknesses and speeds using Neodymium – Iron – Boron Magnets." MATEC Web of Conferences 144 (2018): 01003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201814401003.

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Neodymium – Iron – Boron (NdFeB) permanent magnets of 12.5 mm thickness and 50 mm diameter are chosen for analyses because of their higher remanence and coercivity. Experimental analyses were carried out with Copper discs of thickness 4 mm, 6 mm and 8 mm at 2000 rpm, 3000 rpm, 4000 rpm and 5000 rpm. Experiments were conducted with three different positions of magnets such as 2 coaxial magnets, single magnet and single magnet with sudden application conditions. The brake parameters recorded are % speed reduction, deceleration and time taken. In 2 coaxial magnets condition, brake parameters are

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Offermann, Peter, and Kay Hameyer. "A polynomial chaos meta‐model for non‐linear stochastic magnet variations." COMPEL - The international journal for computation and mathematics in electrical and electronic engineering 32, no. 4 (2013): 1211–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03321641311317031.

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PurposeDue to the production process, arc segment magnets with radial magnetization for surface‐mounted permanent‐magnet synchronous machines (PMSM) can exhibit a deviation from the intended ideal, radial directed magnetization. In such cases, the resulting air gap field may show spatial variations in angle and absolute value of the flux‐density. For this purpose, this paper aims to create and evaluate a stochastic magnet model.Design/methodology/approachIn this paper, a polynomial chaos meta‐model approach, extracted from a finite element model, is compared to a direct sampling approach. Both

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Abad, V., J. Sagredo, and J. Gonzalez. "FEA Analysis and Optimization of Rotor Models in Permanent-Magnet Synchronous Motors fitted with Bonded Rare-Earth Magnets." Energies and Quality Journal 1 (June 2019): 19–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.24084/eqj19.212.

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The Toyota Prius MG2 electric motor and its upgrades, since its first appearance in 1997, are presented in this paper. This electric motor has an Interior Permanent Magnet (IPM) fitted with Rare Earth (RE) magnets, which presents clear advantages over the more widely used Induction Motors (IM). The principal advantage is its high power-density value that makes it a leader in the Electric Vehicles (EV) market. This technology, however, faces a problem, in so far as the global production of RE magnets is an exclusive monopoly of China, (motivating the United States and Japan, among others, to in

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Turvani, Giovanna, Laura D’Alessandro, and Marco Vacca. "Physical Simulations of High Speed and Low Power NanoMagnet Logic Circuits." Journal of Low Power Electronics and Applications 8, no. 4 (2018): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jlpea8040037.

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Among all “beyond CMOS” solutions currently under investigation, nanomagnetic logic (NML) technology is considered to be one of the most promising. In this technology, nanoscale magnets are rectangularly shaped and are characterized by the intrinsic capability of enabling logic and memory functions in the same device. The design of logic architectures is accomplished by the use of a clocking mechanism that is needed to properly propagate information. Previous works demonstrated that the magneto-elastic effect can be exploited to implement the clocking mechanism by altering the magnetization of

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Hioki, Keiko. "Development of High-Performance Hot-Deformed Neodymium–Iron–Boron Magnets without Heavy Rare-Earth Elements." Materials 16, no. 19 (2023): 6581. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16196581.

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Neodymium–iron–boron magnet is an essential material for the traction motors of green vehicles because it exhibits the highest maximum energy product, (BH)max, out of all permanent-magnet materials. However, heavy rare-earth elements such as dysprosium and terbium, which are scarce resources, are added to these magnets to improve their heat resistance. To address this resource problem, considerable efforts have been made to reduce the composition of heavy rare-earth elements in these magnets without causing a significant reduction in coercivity. Hot-deformed Nd-Fe-B magnets are a category of N

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Knopp, Tobias, Fabian Mohn, Fynn Foerger, et al. "Empirical Study of Magnet Distance on Magneto-Mechanical Resonance Frequency." Current Directions in Biomedical Engineering 10, no. 4 (2024): 377–80. https://doi.org/10.1515/cdbme-2024-2092.

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Abstract Determining the position and orientation of a medical instrument is essential for accurate procedures in endoscopy, surgery, and vascular interventions. Recently, a novel sensor based on torsional pendulum-like magneto-mechanical motion has been proposed. This sensor is passive, wireless and inductively coupled to a transmit-receive coil array. This setup allows the determination of all 6 degrees of freedom using the characteristic resonance of the sensor. Additional physical quantities such as temperature and pressure can be measured based on the frequency of the sensor, which mainly

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Song, Si-Woo, Hyun-Jo Pyo, Dong-Woo Nam, Ju Lee, and Won-Ho Kim. "Irreversible Demagnetization Improvement Process of Hybrid Traction Motors with Dy-Free Magnets." Machines 11, no. 1 (2022): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/machines11010004.

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Permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs), with their high power density, high efficiency, and thermal stability, are widely used nowadays. PMSM magnets are composed of rare earth elements. However, rare earth elements are subject to severe price fluctuations because of their limited availability and the monopoly of some countries. Therefore, extensive research on magnets devoid of rare earth elements has been conducted recently. Although a magnet devoid of rare earth elements has a high irreversible demagnetization rate at high temperatures owing to its low coercive force, an irreversible d

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Idayanti, Novrita, Azwar Manaf, and Dedi Dedi. "Magnet Nanokomposit Sebagai Magnet Permanen Masa Depan [Nanocomposite Magnets as Future Permanent Magnets]." Metalurgi 33, no. 1 (2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.14203/metalurgi.v33i1.433.

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Lee, Oliver Mitchell, and Mohammadali Abbasian. "Reducing Rare-Earth Magnet Reliance in Modern Traction Electric Machines." Energies 18, no. 9 (2025): 2274. https://doi.org/10.3390/en18092274.

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Currently, electric machines predominantly rely on costly rare-earth NdFeB magnets, which pose both economic and environmental challenges due to rising demand. This research explores recent advancements in machine topologies and magnetic materials to identify and assess promising solutions to this issue. The study investigates two alternative machine topologies to the conventional permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM): the permanent magnet-assisted synchronous reluctance machine (PMaSynRM), which reduces magnet usage, and the wound-field synchronous machine (WFSM), which eliminates magne

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Cheedket, Sampart, and Chitnarong Sirisathitkul. "Comparison of closed-form solutions to experimental magnetic force between two cylindrical magnets." EUREKA: Physics and Engineering, no. 4 (July 23, 2021): 141–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.21303/2461-4262.2021.001955.

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The force between permanent magnets implemented in many engineering devices remains an intriguing problem in basic physics. The variation of magnetic force with the distance x between a pair of magnets cannot usually be approximated as x-4 because of the dipole nature and geometry of magnets. In this work, the force between two identical cylindrical magnets is accurately described by a closed-form solution. The analytical model assumes that the magnets are uniformly magnetized along their length. The calculation, based on the magnetic field exerted by one magnet on the other along the directio

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Huang, Jingbin, Min Huang, Fang Wang, Zhanyong Wang, and Jian Zhang. "Microstructure Optimization and Coercivity Enhancement of Sintered NdFeB Magnet by Grain Boundary Diffusion of Multicomponent Tb60Pr10Cu10Al10Zn10 Films." Materials 16, no. 8 (2023): 3131. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16083131.

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The use of magnetron sputtering film as a diffusion source was recently achieved in the industrial production of important grain-boundary-diffusion magnets. In this paper, the multicomponent diffusion source film is explored to optimize the microstructure of NdFeB magnets and improve their magnetic properties. Multicomponent Tb60Pr10Cu10Al10Zn10 films of 10 μm in thickness and single Tb films of 10 μm in thickness were deposited on commercial NdFeB magnets’ surfaces by magnetron sputtering as diffusion sources for grain boundary diffusion. The effects of diffusion on the microstructure and mag

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Cheedket, Sampart, and Chitnarong Sirisathitkul. "Comparison of closed-form solutions to experimental magnetic force between two cylindrical magnets." EUREKA: Physics and Engineering, no. 4 (July 23, 2021): 141–46. https://doi.org/10.21303/2461-4262.2021.001955.

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Abstract:

The force between permanent magnets implemented in many engineering devices remains an intriguing problem in basic physics. The variation of magnetic force with the distance x between a pair of magnets cannot usually be approximated as x-4 because of the dipole nature and geometry of magnets. In this work, the force between two identical cylindrical magnets is accurately described by a closed-form solution. The analytical model assumes that the magnets are uniformly magnetized along their length. The calculation, based on the magnetic field exerted by one magnet on the other along the directio

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Manh, Tien Ho, Dinh Bui Minh, Tu Pham Minh, and Vuong Dang Quoc. "Investigation of the Influence of Skewed Slots and Degmagnetization Effects to Line Start Permanent Magnet Assistance Synchronous Reluctance Motors." Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research 13, no. 1 (2023): 9807–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.48084/etasr.5307.

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A permanent magnet assistance synchronous reluctance motor can start directly with a net voltage or a power converter via a torque control method. However, this motor has usually a higher irreversible demagnetization level in comparison with interior permanent magnet motors, due to the fewer permanent magnets in rotor slots. In order to cope with this disadvantage, different arrangements of permanent magnets in the rotor of the line-start permanent magnet assistance synchronous reluctance motor are proposed in this paper. The V magnet shape taking skewed slots and demagnetization effect into a

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Rao, Dantam, and Madhan Bagianathan. "Selection of Optimal Magnets for Traction Motors to Prevent Demagnetization." Machines 9, no. 6 (2021): 124. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/machines9060124.

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Currently, permanent-magnet-type traction motors drive most electric vehicles. However, the potential demagnetization of magnets in these motors limits the performance of an electric vehicle. It is well known that during severe duty, the magnets are demagnetized if they operate beyond a ‘knee point’ in the B(H) curve. We show herein that the classic knee point definition can degrade a magnet by up to 4 grades. To prevent consequent excessive loss in performance, this paper defines the knee point k as the point of intersection of the B(H) curve and a parallel line that limits the reduction in i

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Majdani, Omid, Martin Leinung, Thomas Rau, et al. "Demagnetization of Cochlear Implants and Temperature Changes in 3.0T MRI Environment." Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 139, no. 6 (2008): 833–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.otohns.2008.07.026.

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Objective To investigate the level of demagnetization of the magnets and temperature changes in cochlear implants (Cis) in a 3.0 tesla (3.0T) MRI. Study Design Experimental. Subjects and Methods Demagnetization and remagnetization measurements were done on magnets for different types of CIs. Temperature of different body and electrode sides was measured in the MRI environment. Results Demagnetization of the magnets of the CI is dependent on the angle between the magnetic field of the CI magnet and the MRI. When this angle was greater than 80 degrees, relevant demagnetization occurred and suffi

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Jin, Wencan, Zhipeng Ye, Xiangpeng Luo, et al. "Tunable layered-magnetism–assisted magneto-Raman effect in a two-dimensional magnet CrI3." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 117, no. 40 (2020): 24664–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2012980117.

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We used a combination of polarized Raman spectroscopy experiment and model magnetism–phonon coupling calculations to study the rich magneto-Raman effect in the two-dimensional (2D) magnet CrI3. We reveal a layered-magnetism–assisted phonon scattering mechanism below the magnetic onset temperature, whose Raman excitation breaks time-reversal symmetry, has an antisymmetric Raman tensor, and follows the magnetic phase transitions across critical magnetic fields, on top of the presence of the conventional phonon scattering with symmetric Raman tensors in N-layer CrI3. We resolve in data and by cal

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Qin, Wan Zhong. "The Mold for Bonded NdFeB Magnet Compression Molding." Applied Mechanics and Materials 633-634 (September 2014): 747–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.633-634.747.

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Compression molding is the most important method to gain high quality bonded NdFeB magnets. The production process is preparation of composite powder, compression molding, coating and magnetizing. Based on test and lot production practice, the important effects of compression molding actions, mould structure and mould material on magnet quality are analyzed. The mold structures for ring-magnet and arc-magnet are fixed. The key techniques that controlling the quality of bonded NdFeB magnets are summarized.

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