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Journal articles on the topic 'Magnitude de tensão'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 6 February 2022

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1

ALVES DE AZEVEDO BARROS, JOÃO VITOR, Amilcar Flamarion Querubini Gonçalves, Claudionor Francisco do Nascimento, and Guilherme Guimarães Lage. "Day-Ahead Hourly Operation Planning of Distribution Networks with Photovoltaic Generation Integrated by Smart Inverters via Mixed-Integer Volt/Var Optimization Problems." Academic Journal on Computing, Engineering and Applied Mathematics 2, no. 1 (2021): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.20873/uft.2675-3588.2021.v2n1.p1-10.

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A penetração da geração fotovoltaica distribuída nas redes de distribuição tornou-se uma realidade; entretanto, ainda impõe desafios a serem superados, como o funcionamento dessas redes com desvios mínimos nos perfis de magnitude de tensão. Assim, este trabalho propõe o planejamento diário da operação horária de redes de distribuição visando minimizar o desvio nos perfis de magnitude de tensão por meio de ajustes de tap ótimos de transformadores em subestações, ajustes ótimos de bancos de capacitores chaveados remotamente ao longo dos alimentadores primários e injeções de potência ativa e reat

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Amasifen, Juan Carlos Cebrian, and Nelson Kagan. "Método híbrido para o cálculo dos custos de interrupções em processos eletro-eletrônicos causados por faltas em sistemas de distribuição de energia elétrica." Sba: Controle & Automação Sociedade Brasileira de Automatica 20, no. 3 (2009): 345–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-17592009000300006.

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Neste trabalho é apresentado um método híbrido para análise de riscos de interrupções em processos sensíveis provocadas por faltas nos sistemas de distribuição de energia elétrica. Com a utilização deste método, são avaliados índices relativos às interrupções de longa duração e às variações de tensão de curta duração (afundamentos e elevações) em cada consumidor da rede de distribuição de energia elétrica. O método permite, de forma inovadora, a obtenção, para cada ocorrência na rede, dos valores de magnitude da tensão e da duração do evento. Em cada barra do sistema, as freqüências de ocorrên

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Bonini Neto, Alfredo, and Dilson Amancio Alves. "Técnica de parametrização geométrica para o fluxo de carga continuado baseado nas variáveis tensão nodal e fator de carregamento." Sba: Controle & Automação Sociedade Brasileira de Automatica 19, no. 3 (2008): 350–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-17592008000300010.

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Este trabalho apresenta um novo esquema de parametrização geométrica para o fluxo de carga continuado que possibilita o traçado completo das curvas P-V, e o cálculo do ponto de máximo carregamento de sistemas de potência, sem os problemas de mau-condicionamento. Esta nova técnica de parametrização geométrica foi obtida a partir da observação das trajetórias de solução do fluxo de carga. A técnica associa robustez com facilidade de compreensão. A singularidade da matriz Jacobiana é eliminada pela adição da equação de uma reta que passa por um ponto no plano formado pelas variáveis magnitude da

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Machado, Jeferson Prietsch, Flávio Justino, and Luciano Ponzi Pezzi. "Efeitos do aumento da tensão de cisalhamento do vento no clima do Hemisfério Sul obtido do modelo acoplado SPEEDO." Revista Brasileira de Meteorologia 29, no. 4 (2014): 597–612. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0102-778620130623.

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Estudos têm sugerido uma intensificação e um deslocamento do máximo da tensão de cisalhamento do vento (TCV) para latitudes mais altas no Oceano Austral, em função de um aumento na magnitude do vento em latitudes extratropicais no Hemisfério Sul. Diante do exposto, o objetivo do trabalho é investigar o comportamento anômalo das circulações oceânica e atmosférica devido ao aumento da TCV em 50% na região equatorial e extratropical do Hemisfério Sul. Pretende-se, especificamente, analisar as alterações no gradiente inter-hemisférico de anomalias de TSM e na Oscilação Antártica. Para tal fim, uti

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Lotti, Raquel Silva, Enio Tonani Mazzieiro, and Janes Landre Júnior. "A influência do posicionamento ântero-posterior da alça T segmentada durante o movimento de retração inicial: uma avaliação pelo método dos elementos finitos." Revista Dental Press de Ortodontia e Ortopedia Facial 11, no. 3 (2006): 41–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1415-54192006000300006.

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OBJETIVO: avaliar por meio do MEF (Método dos elementos Finitos) a influência do posicionamento no espaço inter-braquetes de uma alça T segmentada em aço inoxidável para retração do canino. METODOLOGIA: em cada posição da alça foi observado o tipo de movimento realizado pelas unidades de ancoragem e analisada a tensão no osso alveolar gerada pela mecânica. A alça foi confeccionada passiva, sem dobras de pré-ativação. O segmento posterior do lado esquerdo de uma mandíbula foi modelado, em conjunto com o canino, segundo pré-molar e primeiro molar permanente. Alterou-se o posicionamento da alça,

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Melo, Raphael H. F., Marco Antonio dos Santos та Theophilo Moura Maciel. "Avaliação do campo de tensões residuais por difração de raios - X utilizando o método do sen²ψ em revestimentos metálicos do aço inoxidável E308-L". Soldagem & Inspeção 18, № 1 (2013): 50–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0104-92242013000100007.

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A aplicação por soldagem de revestimentos metálicos de aços e ligas nobres resistentes à corrosão é uma alternativa bastante razoável economicamente frente à fabricação de componentes maciços nestas ligas. Entretanto há uma carência de informações sobre as alterações mecânico/metalúrgicas causadas pelos ciclos térmicos de soldagem quando da aplicação destes revestimentos, principalmente sobre a influência sobre o nível de tensões residuais , que é mister no entendimento do fenômeno da corrosão assistida por tensão. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o nível de tensões residuais superficiais

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7

Matarucco, R. R., D. A. Alves, J. H. Canossa, L. C. P. da Silva, and C. A. Castro. "Método da continuação aplicado na análise de contingência de linhas de transmissão." Sba: Controle & Automação Sociedade Brasileira de Automatica 17, no. 2 (2006): 138–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-17592006000200003.

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Este trabalho apresenta um método para a análise estática de contingências em Sistemas Elétricos de Potência utilizando o Método da Continuação. A margem de carregamento pós-contingência é obtida a partir do ponto de máximo carregamento do caso base. A magnitude de tensão de uma barra qualquer é usada como parâmetro na etapa de parametrização do fluxo de carga continuado. O ramo selecionado para avaliação da contingência é parametrizado por um fator de escalonamento que possibilita a remoção gradual do ramo e assegura a convergência nos casos em que o método diverge para a retirada total da li

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Braga, André Soares, Thiago Cesar de Souza Pinto, Patrícia Helena Lara dos Santos Matai, and Laurindo De Salles Leal Filho. "CONCENTRAÇÃO MICELAR CRÍTICA E CONCENTRAÇÃO CRÍTICA DE COALESCÊNCIA DE REAGENTES DE FLOTAÇÃO." HOLOS 7 (December 24, 2015): 140. http://dx.doi.org/10.15628/holos.2015.3824.

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A geração de bolhas de ar numa célula de flotação produz uma distribuição de tamanhos que pode ser representada pelo diâmetro médio de Sauter (D3,2), cuja magnitude diminui com a concentração de surfatante na solução até um valor crítico, denominado de concentração crítica de coalescência (CCC), sendo que este comportamento pode ser modelado através da equação de Laskowski. Este trabalho objetivou determinar a CCC, estimando as constantes de decaimento (B) e de redução do diâmetro de bolha (A) da equação de Laskowski. A concentração micelar crítica (CMC) também foi determinada avaliando a tens

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Benjumea Royero, José, Mario Alejandro Suárez Rodríguez, and Gustavo Chio Cho. "COMPORTAMIENTO ESTRUCTURAL DE PUENTES EXTRADOSADOS DURANTE CONSTRUCCIÓN POR VOLADIZOS SUCESIVOS (STRUCTURAL BEHAVIOR OF EXTRADOSED BRIDGES DURING CANTILEVER CONSTRUCTION)." Revista EIA 10, no. 20 (2014): 111. http://dx.doi.org/10.24050/reia.v10i20.520.

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Este artículo presenta el estudio del comportamiento durante construcción por voladizos sucesivos de un puente extradosado en concreto de tres luces (60+100+60 m), modelado numéricamente mediante elementos finitos en el software SAP2000. La fluencia y contracción del concreto, al igual que los efectos P-delta, se incluyeron en el modelamiento. El estudio se concentró en el comportamiento del tablero, los cables y los pilares, durante construcción y desde el momento del cierre hasta cincuenta años después, tiempo en el cual han ocurrido los efectos diferidos. Los resultados encontrados permiten

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Sant Ana, William De Oliveira, and Álvaro José Back. "TENDÊNCIA DO AUMENTO DE CHUVAS E SUAS IMPLICAÇÕES NA ESTABILIDADE DE ENCOSTAS NO SUL DE SANTA CATARINA." Tecnologia e Ambiente 25 (October 7, 2019): 95. http://dx.doi.org/10.18616/ta.v25i0.5408.

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Extremos climáticos vêm sendo registrados frequentemente no Brasil e impactam no cotidiano econômico-ambiental. No Estado de Santa Catarina, o aumento dos totais de chuva implica diretamente em escorregamentos de encostas, inundações, perdas agrícolas, dentre outros problemas ambientais e urbanos ou até, perda de vidas. O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar, com análise estatística, por meio de Regressão Linear e do teste Mann-Kendall, possíveis tendências ao aumento de chuvas para o sul catarinense. Os dados foram fornecidos pela estação meteorológica INMET-289, localizada na cidade de Urus

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Zerfass, Henrique, and Farid Chemale Junior. "Geologia Estrutural em ambiente rúptil: fundamentos físicos, mecânica de fraturas e sistemas de falhas naturais." Terrae Didatica 7, no. 2 (2015): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.20396/td.v7i2.8637428.

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A geologia estrutural é uma matéria fundamental para o currículo de Geologia, com aplicações nas mais diferentes áreas de atuação do geólogo, tanto em atividades acadêmicas como industriais. Tradicionalmente, a geologia estrutural tem enfoque geométrico-cinemático, em que os esforços sofridos pelas rochas são induzidos a partir da disposição geométrica das estruturas. Como forma de agregar conhecimento da relação-processo-produto, este artigo procura adicionar conceitos de mecânica dos sólidos ao estudo das estruturas rúpteis – fraturas, juntas e falhas. Seguindo-se o raciocínio inverso, discu

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Pimentel, Adelma do Socorro Gonçalves, and Maria de Nazareth Rodrigues Malcher de Oliveira Silva. "Repercussões psicológicas em adultos ante expectativa de acometimento pelo Corona vírus." Research, Society and Development 10, no. 4 (2021): e39810414151. http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i4.14151.

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Objetivo: apresentar repercussões psicológicas em adultos ante expectativa de acometimento pelo Corona vírus. Método: estudo qualitativo narrativo interpretativo. Resultados: o estudo apontou a preocupação e medo de 96% dos participantes em ser atacado pelo Corona vírus; e 4% disseram que não; tais indicadores assinalam a percepção da gravidade da doença, sobretudo dos possíveis efeitos derivados das comorbidades; portanto, a aflição dos participantes independeu do gênero, e a narrativa demonstrou a magnitude do sofrimento manifesto na esfera da saúde psicológica e mental ressaltando ansiedade

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Barroso, Renato, Hamilton Roschel, Saulo Gil, Carlos Ugrinowitsch, and Valmor Tricoli. "Efeito do número e intensidade das ações excêntricas nos indicadores de dano muscular." Revista Brasileira de Medicina do Esporte 17, no. 6 (2011): 401–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1517-86922011000600006.

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A realização de uma sessão de treinamento de força, especialmente de ações excêntricas, provoca danos à estrutura muscular. Algumas características da realização das ações excêntricas parecem agravar a ocorrência do dano. O número de contrações realizadas e o grau de tensão desenvolvida em cada uma delas parecem afetar a magnitude o dano. Dessa maneira, o objetivo deste estudo foi investigar se o número e a intensidade das ações excêntricas contribuem para o aumento do dano muscular, avaliado através das alterações de marcadores indiretos. Vinte e quatro jovens adultos do sexo masculino foram

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Höfelmann, Doroteia Aparecida, and Nelson Blank. "Auto-avaliação de saúde entre trabalhadores de uma indústria no sul do Brasil." Revista de Saúde Pública 41, no. 5 (2007): 777–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0034-89102007000500012.

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OBJETIVO: Analisar a prevalência de auto-avaliação de saúde negativa e seus fatores associados, entre trabalhadores industriais. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal com amostra probabilística de 482 trabalhadores de indústria metal-mecânica de Joinville, estado de Santa Catarina, em 2005. As informações foram obtidas por meio de questionário auto-administrado e medidas antropométricas. Para estimar a magnitude de associação entre a auto-avaliação e variáveis, foram calculadas as razões de chances (RC) com intervalos de confiança de 95%. Foram obtidos modelos logísticos múltiplos por meio de análise de

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SAITO-KATO, Megumi, Kazuyoshi YAMADA, Richard A. STAFF, et al. "An Assessment of the Magnitude of the AD1586 Tensho Tsunami Inferred from Lake Suigetsu Sediment Cores." Journal of Geography (Chigaku Zasshi) 122, no. 3 (2013): 493–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.5026/jgeography.122.493.

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BRAMPTON, W. J., and R. J. WATSON. "Arterial to end-tidal carbon dioxide tensio difference during laparoscopy Magnitude and effect of anaesthetic technique." Anaesthesia 45, no. 3 (1990): 210–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2044.1990.tb14686.x.

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Schäfer, M. J., J. M. Reichert, E. A. Cassol, F. L. F. Eltz, and D. J. Reinert. "Erosão em sulcos em diferentes preparos e estados de consolidação do solo." Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo 25, no. 2 (2001): 419–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-06832001000200018.

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O preparo e a consolidação do solo alteram a sua capacidade em resistir à erosão em sulcos. Com o objetivo de estudar a erosão em sulcos em diferentes preparos e consolidação do solo, conhecer o diâmetro mediano dos sedimentos transportados e determinar a erodibilidade em sulcos (Kr) e a tensão crítica de cisalhamento (τc) do solo, foi realizado um experimento no campo, em 1997/98, em um Argissolo Vermelho-Amarelo distrófico arênico. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado com seis repetições. Os tratamentos constaram de: preparo convencional recente (CR), preparo convencional

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Wang, Weijia. "Kant’s Mathematical Sublime: The Absolutely Great in Aesthetic Estimation." Kantian Review 25, no. 3 (2020): 465–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1369415420000278.

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AbstractAccording to Kant’s Critique of the Power of Judgement, in the end all estimation of magnitude is sensible, or ‘aesthetic’, and the absolutely great in aesthetic estimation is called ‘the mathematical sublime’. This article identifies the relevant sensible element with an inner sensation of a temporal tension: in aesthetic comprehension, the imagination encounters an inevitable tension between the successive reproduction of a magnitude’s individual parts and the simultaneous unification of these parts. The sensation of this tension varies in degree and facilitates aesthetic estimation

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Chacón, Jeremy M., Soumya Mukherjee, Breanna M. Schuster, Duncan J. Clarke, and Melissa K. Gardner. "Pericentromere tension is self-regulated by spindle structure in metaphase." Journal of Cell Biology 205, no. 3 (2014): 313–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.201312024.

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During cell division, a mitotic spindle is built by the cell and acts to align and stretch duplicated sister chromosomes before their ultimate segregation into daughter cells. Stretching of the pericentromeric chromatin during metaphase is thought to generate a tension-based signal that promotes proper chromosome segregation. However, it is not known whether the mitotic spindle actively maintains a set point tension magnitude for properly attached sister chromosomes to facilitate robust mechanochemical checkpoint signaling. By imaging and tracking the thermal movements of pericentromeric fluor

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Tangney, Jared R., Stuart G. Campbell, Andrew D. McCulloch, and Jeffrey H. Omens. "Timing and magnitude of systolic stretch affect myofilament activation and mechanical work." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 307, no. 3 (2014): H353—H360. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00233.2014.

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Dyssynchronous activation of the heart leads to abnormal regional systolic stretch. In vivo studies have suggested that the timing of systolic stretch can affect regional tension and external work development. In the present study, we measured the direct effects of systolic stretch timing on the magnitude of tension and external work development in isolated murine right ventricular papillary muscles. A servomotor was used to impose precisely timed stretches relative to electrical activation while a force transducer measured force output and strain was monitored using a charge-couple device cam

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Ishikawa, Tetsuya, Hidetoshi Kajiwara, and Satoshi Kurihara. "Alterations in contractile properties and Ca2+ handling in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat myocardium." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 277, no. 6 (1999): H2185—H2194. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.1999.277.6.h2185.

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The mechanisms of the slower time courses of Ca2+transients (CaT) and contraction in diabetic (diabetes mellitus, DM) myocardium were studied. The aequorin method was applied to papillary muscles of streptozotocin-induced DM and control rats. The time courses of CaT and tension of twitch in DM were slower than those in control, although the magnitudes of the CaT and contraction were identical. The dependence of CaT decay time and relaxation time on developed tension in DM and control rats differed. The length-tension relation in twitch and the pCa-tension relation in tetanus were identical in

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Vidaurre, Graziela Baptista, Leif Nutto, Frederico José Nistal França, Rafael Leite Braz, Luciano Farinha Watzlawick, and Jordão Cabral Moulin. "Tensão de Crescimento no Lenho de Eucalyptus benthamii e sua Relação com Características Dendrométricas em Diferentes Espaçamentos." Floresta e Ambiente 22, no. 3 (2015): 408–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2179-8087.044413.

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RESUMOO objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a influência do espaçamento do plantio da madeira de eucalipto, quanto às suas características dendrométricas e a deformação residual longitudinal (DRL) da madeira e as relações entre essas variáveis. O material utilizado foi o Eucalyptus benthamii aos 5 anos de idade nos espaçamentos 2 × 3, 3 × 3, 3 × 4 e 4 × 4 m, a projeção da copa foi determinada através da medição de oito raios com ângulos variáveis, sendo elaborados mapas da distribuição e projeção da copa. As medições da DRL foram à 1,30 m do solo nas quatro direções cardinais, em árvores vivas

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Zacharakis, Asterios, and Konstantinos Pastiadis. "Interaction between time-varying tone inharmonicity, fundamental frequency and spectral shape affects felt tension and timbral semantics." Acta Acustica 5 (2021): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/aacus/2021007.

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Musically induced tension has been the subject of thorough study in the music cognition literature but its relationship with timbre is still poorly investigated. This study examines how the dynamic variation of a tone’s inharmonicity may affect a number of auditory qualities, namely brightness, roughness and mass along with felt tension under different acoustical conditions (i.e., F0, spectral shape and type of inharmonicity). Fifty-six musically trained participants gave real-time continuous ratings on eight time-varying stimuli upon the aforementioned qualities. Static ratings over the initi

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Irwin, C. B., and R. G. Radwin. "A Novel Dynamometer for Describing Forces and Vectors in the Long Fingers during Grip." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 51, no. 15 (2007): 947–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193120705101517.

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A new dynamometer has been designed that enables the capture of multiple grip force vectors in a single squeeze. The thumb is completely isolated in the measurement ensuring these vectors are a result of only forces produced only by the long fingers. The measured force vectors can be resolved to find the overall grip force magnitude and direction if a simple measure of grip force is desired. Alternatively, due to the ability of the dynamometer to easily measure multiple vector magnitudes and angles, the instrument lends itself well to the collection of grip data to be used as input into a hand

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Wright, Peter M. C., Paul Hart, Marie Lau, et al. "The Magnitude and Time Course of Vecuronium Potentiation by Desflurane Versus Isoflurane." Anesthesiology 82, no. 2 (1995): 404–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000542-199502000-00011.

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Background Preliminary studies suggest that desflurane and isoflurane potentiate the action of muscle relaxants equally. However, variability between subjects may confound these comparisons. A crossover study was performed in volunteers on the ability of desflurane and isoflurane to potentiate the neuromuscular effect of vecuronium, to influence its duration of action, and on the magnitude and time course of reversal of potentiation when anesthesia was withdrawn. Methods Adductor pollicis twitch tension was monitored in 16 volunteers given 1.25 MAC desflurane on one occasion, and 1.25 MAC isof

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Bhiwapurkar, MK, VH Saran, and SP Harsha. "Effects of posture and vibration magnitude on seat to head transmissibility during exposure to fore-and-aft vibration." Journal of Low Frequency Noise, Vibration and Active Control 38, no. 2 (2018): 826–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1461348418756019.

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An experimental study has been conducted on the vibration simulator, developed as a mockup of a railway vehicle. In this paper, the effect of variations in the posture and vibration magnitude on head motions in three translational directions (fore-and-aft, lateral and vertical) are studied with seat vibration in fore-and-aft direction. Thirty healthy male subjects are exposed to random vibration with three vibration magnitudes of 0.4, 0.8 and 1.2 m/s2 r.m.s. over the frequency range 1–20 Hz. The data results are analyzed in terms of seat-to-head transmissibility (STHT) in two sitting postures;

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Goetz, Jessica E., Nicole Szabo, M. James Rudert, Matthew D. Karam, and Phinit Phisitkul. "Achilles Tension Mitigates Fibular Malalignment Measured in Cadaveric Studies of Syndesmotic Clamping." Foot & Ankle International 40, no. 4 (2019): 465–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1071100718816037.

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Background: Fibular malreduction is becoming a commonly recognized complication of surgical repair of the syndesmosis when a reduction clamp is used. The goal of this work was to determine the interdependent effects of transsyndesmotic reduction clamp position and applied compression force on fibular alignment in a realistic cadaveric preparation of complete syndesmotic injury. Methods: Six through-the-knee cadaveric specimens were CT scanned intact, with the distal syndesmosis fully destabilized, and with 53, 102, and 160 N clamping forces each applied along an anteriorly, centrally, and post

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Luo, Y., R. Cooke, and E. Pate. "A model of stress relaxation in cross-bridge systems: effect of a series elastic element." American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 265, no. 1 (1993): C279—C288. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.1993.265.1.c279.

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Many experimental protocols employed in the study of muscle mechanics use tension transients as a probe of the magnitudes of the kinetic rates in the underlying cross-bridge dynamics. These transients could potentially be modified by the elastic elements that exist both within the fiber and at the points of attachment to the experimental apparatus. To better understand the magnitude of such modifications, we have used computer simulation to investigate the transients that would be expected for cross bridges acting on an actin filament attached to an elastic element. The original model of cross

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Ma, Wen Guo, Quan Guo, Dan Li, Ren Qiang Liu, and Hui Fen Xia. "The Reaserch of Displacement Oil of the Polymer System with the Low Interfacial Tension Conditions." Advanced Materials Research 535-537 (June 2012): 1163–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.535-537.1163.

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The polymer system in low interfacial tension conditions is a important technology in oilfield production. Through the Using both rheometer(HAAKE RS150) and interface tension instrument(TS500), the effect of interfacial tension character and viscosity caused by the changing of polymer mass concentration is studied in 30 degrees celsius condition. The man-made core displacement oil experiments and visual model displacement oil experiments were carried out, the displacement efficiency of polymer solution with low interfacial tension after water flooding or polymer flooding was analyzed. The resu

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Fang, Chang-Hua, Bruno Clair, Joseph Gril, and Sheng-Quan Liu. "Growth Stresses are Highly Controlled by the Amount of G-Layer in Poplar Tension Wood." IAWA Journal 29, no. 3 (2008): 237–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22941932-90000183.

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To determine how gelatinous fibres and gelatinous layers contribute to the magnitude of longitudinal growth stress in tension wood, anatomical measurements of gelatinous fibres were carried out on poplar tension wood (Populus I4551). It was found that (a) no gelatinous fibres were observed under a growth strain level of 0.06 to 0.08%; (b) almost 100% of the non-conductive tissues contained gelatinous fibres above a growth strain level of 0.15 to 0.19%; and (c) the area of fibres, the area of fibres with gelatinous layers per unit of tissue area, and the thickness of the gelatinous layers predo

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Barski, Marek, Adam Stawiarski, Paweł J. Romanowicz, and Bogdan Szybiński. "Local Elasto–plastic Buckling of Isotropic Plates With Cutouts Under Tension Loading Conditions." International Journal of Mechanics 15 (June 3, 2021): 69–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.46300/9104.2021.15.8.

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The motivation of the presented study was the observation of the existence of local loss of stability “tension buckling” in the experimental tests of composite and metallic plates with cut-outs subjected to tension. Because of this, the numerical analyses of the aluminum plate with elliptical or circular cutouts at the center and subjected to tensile load are studied in the paper. Although the whole structure is uniformly stretched, the circumferential compressive stresses in the vicinity of the cutout edge are observed. First of all, the linear buckling analysis is carried out for different s

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Chakraborty, Nilanjan, and Suman Chakraborty. "Influences of Sign of Surface Tension Coefficient on Turbulent Weld Pool Convection in a Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW) Process: A Comparative Study." Journal of Heat Transfer 127, no. 8 (2005): 848–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1928913.

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The effects of positive and negative surface tension coefficients (∂σsur∕∂T) on both laminar and turbulent weld pool convection are numerically studied for a typical gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW) process. Three-dimensional turbulent weld pool convection in a pool is simulated using a suitably modified high Reynolds number k‐ε model in order to account for the morphology of an evolving solid-liquid interface. Key effects of the sign of surface tension coefficient (∂σsur∕∂T) on the turbulent transport in a GTAW process are highlighted by comparing the turbulent simulation results with the corr

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33

Romero-Valiente, Juan Manuel, and Antonio Luis Hidalgo-Capitán. "El subregistro consular: magnitudes y efectos en las estadísticas de emigración española." OBETS. Revista de Ciencias Sociales 9, no. 2 (2014): 377. http://dx.doi.org/10.14198/obets2014.9.2.06.

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El subregistro consular representa uno de los principales problemas para la adecuada observación y medición estadística de la emigración española actual. Tomando como base los datos de una encuesta realizada en 2012 a más de cuatro mil emigrantes españoles residentes en el extranjero, se ha tratado de conocer las magnitudes del subregistro y sus efectos en las estadísticas oficiales. Los análisis realizados ponen en evidencia un subregistro en torno al 50% entre los emigrados españoles en el período 2008-2012. Esta cifra se eleva a cerca del 60% entre los que han tenido como destino la Unión E

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Barnas, G. M., P. J. Mills, C. F. MacKenzie, et al. "Regional chest wall impedance during nonrespiratory maneuvers." Journal of Applied Physiology 70, no. 1 (1991): 92–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1991.70.1.92.

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To assess changes in total and regional chest wall properties during nonrespiratory maneuvers, we measured electromyographic activity of various chest wall muscles, esophageal pressure, and rib cage and abdominal surface displacements in six subjects before and during various static tasks. Subjects were seated at functional residual capacity, and quasi-sinusoidal forcing at the mouth (0.4 Hz, 500 ml) was imposed during the maneuver in the absence of active breathing. Magnitude of total chest wall impedance (magnitude of Zw) increased with effort during all maneuvers; changes in phase were smal

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35

Zhang, Chunguo, Weizhen Song, Qitao Wang, and Wen Liu. "Influence of Pre-Stress Magnitude on Fatigue Crack Growth Behavior of Al-Alloy." Materials 11, no. 8 (2018): 1267. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma11081267.

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From tensile overload to shot peening, there have been many attempts to extend the fatigue properties of metals. A key challenge with the cold work processes is that it is hard to avoid generation of harmful effects (e.g., the increase of surface roughness caused by shot peening). Pre-stress has a positive effect on improving the fatigue property of metals, and it is expected to strength Al-alloy without introducing adverse factors. Four pre-stresses ranged from 120 to 183 MPa were incorporated in four cracked extended-compact tension specimens by application of different load based on the mea

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Jones, Marc E. H., Flora Gröning, Hugo Dutel, Alana Sharp, Michael J. Fagan, and Susan E. Evans. "The biomechanical role of the chondrocranium and sutures in a lizard cranium." Journal of The Royal Society Interface 14, no. 137 (2017): 20170637. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2017.0637.

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The role of soft tissues in skull biomechanics remains poorly understood. Not least, the chondrocranium, the portion of the braincase which persists as cartilage with varying degrees of mineralization. It also remains commonplace to overlook the biomechanical role of sutures despite evidence that they alter strain distribution. Here, we examine the role of both the sutures and the chondrocranium in the South American tegu lizard Salvator merianae . We use multi-body dynamics analysis (MDA) to provide realistic loading conditions for anterior and posterior unilateral biting and a detailed finit

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Kottke, Peter A., Scott S. Bair, and Ward O. Winer. "The Measurement of Viscosity of Liquids Under Tension." Journal of Tribology 125, no. 2 (2003): 260–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1537270.

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The rheological significance of a state of hydrostatic tension was investigated. A method for measuring the limiting low shear viscosity of liquids under tension was developed. The ability of nine liquids to withstand tension was verified, and the magnitudes of tension achievable through different methods were compared. The use of viscosity data from liquids under tension to more accurately determine the initial pressure viscosity coefficient was investigated. The continuity of the pressure viscosity coefficient across absolute zero pressure was verified.

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Lev, A., G. C. Christensen, R. A. Zhang, and S. G. Kelsen. "Epithelial effects on tracheal smooth muscle tone: influence of muscarinic antagonists." American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology 258, no. 2 (1990): L52—L56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajplung.1990.258.2.l52.

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The tracheobronchial epithelium produces factor(s) that modulate the constrictor and relaxant response of airway smooth muscle. The present study sought to determine whether the tracheobronchial epithelial inhibitory effect on trachealis smooth muscle tension is under muscarinic receptor control. Studies were performed on 195 strips from 13 rabbits. In strips in which the epithelium was intact, pirenzepine (an M1 receptor antagonist) produced a dose-related (10(-8) and 10(-7)M) rightward shift (P less than 0.01 for each) and gallamine (an M2 antagonist) produced a progressive (10(-8) and 10(-7

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Kim, Ki-Hoon, Jung Lee, Chang-Hun Kim, and Jong-Hyun Kim. "Particle-Based Dynamic Water Drops with High Surface Tension in Real Time." Symmetry 13, no. 7 (2021): 1265. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym13071265.

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Surface tension has a great influence on the shape of the fluid interface, and is an important physical characteristic in expressing not only liquids but also liquid metals such as mercury and gallium. In the field of physics-based particle fluid simulations, it is a challenging problem to express the high surface tension generated by fluid-air or fluid-solid interaction in real time. The main reasons for this are (1) The magnitude of the force that can be stably expressed in real-time fluid simulation is limited, so when the magnitude of the surface tension increases at a large time-step, the

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Shimizu, Roberto Hideo, Renata Monteiro Cesnik Caires, Rafael Calixto Salatti, et al. "Evaluation of stress distribution in different miniplate designs: a study for finite element analysis/ Avaliação da distribuição de tensão em diferentes projetos de miniplacas: um estudo para análise de elementos finitos." Brazilian Journal of Health Review 4, no. 3 (2021): 14352–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.34119/bjhrv4n3-366.

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The aim of the study is to propose new designs of orthodontic miniplates, which were evaluated by finite element method, regarding to the distribution of stress after application of forces on them. Six three-dimensional models of miniplates were designed, in the forms of T, Y, and I with inverted hook ends and two buttons. Forces of 1N, 2N, and 3N were applied in vertical, horizontal and diagonal directions. Charging was performed. It was observed that the T-shaped miniplates were the ones that showed greater tension accumulation located in the region of the neck of the device. The "Y" shaped

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Hayashi, Naoyuki, Satoshi Koba, and Takayoshi Yoshida. "Disuse atrophy increases the muscle mechanoreflex in rats." Journal of Applied Physiology 99, no. 4 (2005): 1442–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00180.2005.

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We investigated the effect of disuse atrophy on the magnitude of the muscle mechanoreflex. The left leg of eight rats (6–7 wk, male) was put in a plaster cast for 1 wk. The rats were decerebrated at the midcollicular level. We recorded the pressor and cardioaccelerator responses to 30-s stretch of the calcaneal tendon, which selectively stimulated the muscle mechanosensitive receptors in the left atrophied and right control triceps surae muscles. Atrophied muscles showed significantly lower mass control muscles (1.0 ± 0.1 vs. 1.4 ± 0.1 g; P < 0.05). At the same stretch tension (229 ± 20 g),

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Nieman, C. J., and D. A. Eisner. "Effects of caffeine, tetracaine, and ryanodine on calcium-dependent oscillations in sheep cardiac Purkinje fibers." Journal of General Physiology 86, no. 6 (1985): 877–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1085/jgp.86.6.877.

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Membrane current and tension were measured in voltage-clamped sheep cardiac Purkinje fibers. Elevating the intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i) results in oscillations of membrane current and tension both at rest and during stimulation. During stimulation, an oscillatory transient inward current and an after contraction follow repolarization. We have examined the effects on the oscillations of changing the extracellular calcium concentration ([Ca2+]o) and of adding various drugs. In agreement with previous work, high concentrations of drugs that affect the sarcoplasmic reticulum, name

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43

Richards, M., A. S. Wineman, E. Alsberg, J. A. Goulet, and S. A. Goldstein. "Viscoelastic Characterization of Mesenchymal Gap Tissue and Consequences for Tension Accumulation During Distraction." Journal of Biomechanical Engineering 121, no. 1 (1999): 116–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2798032.

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Nonlinear viscoelastic analysis was used to characterize the time-dependent behavior of mesenchymal gap tissue generated during distraction osteogenesis. Six (n = 6) lengthened tibiae were harvested from New Zealand white rabbits at 18 days. This gap tissue was subjected to a series of step displacement tests of increasing magnitude, and force relaxation behavior was monitored. Isochrones in stress-strain space were fit to odd cubic functions of strain. An analytic expression, linear in both e and e3, was developed to predict stress accumulation within the gap tissue as a function of time duri

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Song, Sam Hong, and Jeong Moo Lee. "Mode II Fatigue Crack Behavior in Compact Tension Shear Specimen." Key Engineering Materials 297-300 (November 2005): 1592–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.297-300.1592.

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The need for research on fatigue behavior of mechanical element under mixed-mode loading has been increasing as the user environment today becomes more and more complicated. However there haven’t been enough investigations on behavior in shear loads comparing to those under tensile loading conditions. So, for this paper, we investigated the characteristics and properties of initiation and propagation behavior for fatigue crack observed for different shapes of the initial crack and magnitudes of load in the modified compact tension shear (CTS) specimen subjected to mode II load. In the low-load

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45

Hakeem, Sammer. "Mixed Micelles of Binary Mixtures of Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfate and Tween 80 Surfactants in Aqueous Solutions." Baghdad Science Journal 17, no. 1(Suppl.) (2020): 0305. http://dx.doi.org/10.21123/bsj.2020.17.1(suppl.).0305.

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In the present work, the surface properties of mixed binary surfactants containing sodium dodecylbenzene sulfate (SDBS) and Tween 80 (TW80) surfactants in aqueous solutions were studied at temperature 293 K using surface tension measurements. The critical micelle concentration (cmc) magnitude for both individual surfactants and their mixtures were established the obtained results revealed that the magnitude of cmc of the mixtures are less than the magnitude of individual surfactants and decrease with the increase in Tween 80 percent in solution which indicate the nonideal mixing of the two sur

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46

Baril, Yannick, Vladimir Brailovski, and Patrick Terriault. "Fatigue Properties of Superelastic Ti-Ni Filaments Used in Braided Cables for Bone Fixation." Advances in Science and Technology 57 (September 2008): 235–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ast.57.235.

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Superelastic 0.1mm diameter Ti-Ni filaments are used to manufacture braided orthopedic cable for bone fixation. Biomechanical conditions for this application generally have a cyclic nature, and therefore it becomes important to evaluate the influence of the installation (mean) strain on the fatigue life of these filaments. Uniaxial tension cyclic testing of Ti-Ni filaments is performed in a water bath at 37°C with a 2Hz frequency of to 100 000 cycles. Strain-controlled testing conditions are as follows: alternating strain magnitude varies between 0.64 and 3.64% with mean strain range between 1

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Au, Alexander, Clifford Lam, and Bala Tharmabala. "Experimental investigation of the ultimate shear resistance of end web panels in steel girder bridges." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 36, no. 2 (2009): 267–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l08-119.

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An experimental study was recently undertaken by the Ontario Ministry of Transportation to investigate the effect of tension field anchorage on the ultimate shear resistance in end panels of steel girders. Four reduced-scale models were fabricated with one end stiffened with transverse stiffeners to provide anchorage for the tension field while the other end was unstiffened (unanchored). The models were instrumented and loaded until shear failure occurred. The main findings are (a) post-buckling tension field stresses were developed in the unanchored end-panels, (b) the magnitude of the tensio

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Yerra, S. K., H. V. Vankudre, P. P. Date, and I. Samajdar. "Effect of Strain Path and the Magnitude of Prestrain on the Formability of a Low Carbon Steel: On the Textural and Microtextural Developments." Journal of Engineering Materials and Technology 126, no. 1 (2004): 53–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1631435.

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A low carbon steel (0.07-wt % carbon) sheet metal was deformed in five different strain paths, from equi-biaxial tension to plane strain to near uniaxial tension, by in-plane stretching. Textural developments were characterized by X-ray Orientation Distribution Function (ODFs) and the same were simulated using different Taylor type deformation texture models. A strong difference in bulk texture developments was observed at respective strain paths. The textural differences largely explain the changes observed in normal anisotropy values obtained by mechanical testing. The new deformation textur

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49

Vallance, Bruce A., Kenneth Croitoru, and Stephen M. Collins. "T lymphocyte-dependent and -independent intestinal smooth muscle dysfunction in theT.spiralis-infected mouse." American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 275, no. 5 (1998): G1157—G1165. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.1998.275.5.g1157.

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We examined the profile of increased intestinal muscle contractility after primary infection with Trichinella spiralis in the mouse, correlating it with parasite expulsion. We also examined the extent to which the changes in muscle contraction were T lymphocyte dependent, by infecting athymic and SCID mice. Infection was accompanied by increased tension development by intestinal muscle. Two components of this response were identified, a rapid peak increase in tension generation observed on day 6 postinfection, and a smaller but sustained increase in tension evident thereafter in euthymic BALB/

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Bark, H., G. S. Supinski, J. C. Lamanna, and S. G. Kelsen. "Relationship of changes in diaphragmatic muscle blood flow to muscle contractile activity." Journal of Applied Physiology 62, no. 1 (1987): 291–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1987.62.1.291.

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The effect of increases in diaphragmatic muscle contractile activity on diaphragm blood flow remains unclear. The present study examined the effect of electrically induced isometric diaphragmatic muscle contractions on diaphragmatic blood flow. Studies were performed on diaphragmatic muscle strips prepared in anesthetized mechanically ventilated dogs. Diaphragmatic contractile activity was quantitated as the tension-time index (TTI) (i.e., the product of tension magnitude and duration). Blood flow to the strip (Qdi) was measured from the volume of the phrenic venous effluent using a drop count

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