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S.Shetty, Bharati, and Suresha . "Survey on Energy Efficient Routing Protocols by Clustering and Load balancing in Wireless Sensor Networks." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 3.12 (July 20, 2018): 153. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i3.12.15907.
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Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is consisting of nodes which deployed to sense the physical environment. In WSN there is excessive growth in performance evaluation and analysis techniques, because of fast development in Information and Communication Technologies (ICT). The main resource problem in WSN is the energy of sensor nodes. There is need of routing protocol which consumes less energy during communication. A reliable and robust routing protocol which limits the excess energy consumed by nodes during forwarding and receiving messages results in energy efficiency protocol. This survey work provides the advantages, drawbacks and comparison of five energy efficient routing protocols.
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Burki, Abid A., and Shirin Aslam. "The Role of Digital Technology and Regulations in the Diffusion of Mobile Phones in Asia." Pakistan Development Review 39, no. 4II (December 1, 2000): 741–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v39i4iipp.741-750.
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More and more people are using mobile (cellular) phones and the world is increasingly becoming unwired due to diffusion of this technology. The cellular technology is present in most Asian countries since 1980s. However, its diffusion process in these countries has largely been affected by technological developments, i.e., transition from analogue to digital, and regulations. The nature of regulations relate to spectrum licensing and the number of competitors allowed by respective governments. These regulatory decisions may explain the current structure of mobile phone industry in most of these countries. The popularity of cellular communication lies in its appealing advantage as compared with the fixed networks. The most important feature of a cellular phone is its portability in that the call is made to a person and not to a place. In developed countries, the features available on mobile handsets (such as caller line identification, voice mail, call forwarding, call waiting and the facility of receiving and transmitting short text messages) are available free of charge. However, these cell phone facilities are very costly in developing countries as compared with their fixed networks. The regulatory licensing structure prevailing in these countries partly explains this price differential. In effect there has been wide diversity in the speed of introduction of mobile phones and their diffusion across developing countries, which has not been explored. Gruber and Verboven (1998) has recently examined diffusion of cell phones in the European Union. However, this is a neglected area of research in developing countries.
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José-Cabezudo, Rebeca San, and Carmen Camarero-Izquierdo. "Determinants of Opening-Forwarding E-Mail Messages." Journal of Advertising 41, no. 2 (July 2012): 97–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.2753/joa0091-3367410207.
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Darma, I. Wayan Panca Eka, I. Made Minggu Widyantara, and Ni Made Sukaryati Karma. "Peran Lembaga Pusat Pelaporan dan Analisis dalam Penaggulangan Tindak Pidana Money Laundring." Jurnal Preferensi Hukum 1, no. 2 (September 15, 2020): 159–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.22225/jph.1.2.2354.159-164.
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The duties, authorities, functions and criminal acts of money laundering in Indonesia are regulated in Law No. 8 of 2010 concerning the Prevention and Eradication of Criminal Acts of Money laundering. This study examines two issues: the role of the PPATK agency in combating money laundering after the enactment of Law No. 8 of 2010 concerning the Prevention and Eradication of Money laundering and criminal sanctions against perpetrators of criminal acts of money laundering in Indonesia. This research uses normative legal method, a process of finding legal rules, legal principles, and legal doctrines in order to answer the legal issues under study from the perspective of statutory regulations. PPATK is an independent agency that has 3 main roles in the prevention and eradication of money laundering, namely: receiving reports on suspicious financial transactions, analysing the reports received from reporting parties, and forwarding the results of report analysis to the authorised party. Article 2 paragraph 1 jo Article 18 of Law Number 31 of 1999 concerning Criminal Acts of Corruption as amended into Law Number 31 of 2001 concerning the Amendment to Law Number 31 of 1999 jo Article 55 paragraph 1 of the Criminal Code. Subsidiarily Article 3 jo Article 18 Law Number 31 of 1999 concerning Eradication of Corruption Crime as amended to Law Number 20 of 2001 concerning the Amendment to Law Number 31 of 1999 jo Article 55 paragraph 1 of the Criminal Code. Secondly, Article 3 paragraph (1) letter g of Law Number 25 of 2003 concerning the Amendment to Law Number 15 of 2002 concerning the Criminal Acts of Money laundering jo Article 55 paragraph (1) of the Criminal Code.
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Barrense-Dias, Yara, Christina Akre, Diane Auderset, Brigitte Leeners, Davide Morselli, and Joan-Carles Surís. "Non-consensual sexting: characteristics and motives of youths who share received-intimate content without consent." Sexual Health 17, no. 3 (2020): 270. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sh19201.
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Background One of the possible negative consequences of sexting is the non-consensual sharing of received-intimate content. This study aimed to determine the characteristics and motives of youths who shared received-intimate images without consent. Methods: Data were obtained from a self-administrated Swiss survey on sexual behaviours among young adults (aged 24–26 years). Out of the 7142 participants, 5175 responded to the question ‘Have you ever shared (forwarding or showing) a sexy photograph/video of someone else (known or unknown) without consent’?; 85% had never shared (Never), 6% had shared once (Once) and 9% had shared several times (Several). Data are presented as relative risk ratios with 95% confidence intervals. Results: Participants who had shared received-intimate content without consent had higher odds of being male [2.73 (2.14–3.47)], foreign-born [1.45 (1.04–2.03)], reporting a non-heterosexual orientation [1.46 (1.10–1.93)], having sent one’s own intimate image [1.76 (1.32–2.34)] and receiving a shared-intimate image of someone unknown [4.56 (3.28–6.36)] or known [2.76 (1.52–5.01)] compared with participants who had never shared. The main reported motivations were for fun (62%), showing off (30%) and failure to realise what they were doing (9%). Conclusions: Given the reported motivations, it appears crucial to remind youths of the seriousness of non-consensual sharing. Although females may also be perpetrators, the behaviour was more prevalent among males. Prevention and education need to consider a broad range of young people in their scenarios. Even if a particular focus on understanding and preventing males’ perpetration must be considered, overall perpetration, including female’s, must be discussed.
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Sharma, Rishi Raj, and Balpreet Kaur. "E-mail viral marketing: modeling the determinants of creation of “viral infection”." Management Decision 58, no. 1 (January 13, 2020): 112–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/md-03-2017-0215.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to identify factors influencing the opening and forwarding of commercial e-mails received directly from companies to further promote products via sharing by consumers to create viral infection. Design/methodology/approach The study is descriptive in nature and carried out in the country, India. A structural equation modeling technique was used to test the hypothesized relationships among the constructs pertaining to opening and forwarding of commercial e-mails. Findings The results indicate that mail opening intentions of the recipients are influenced by the perceived value of e-mail content and their positive relation with the sender, increasing the probability of further forwarding. However, relationships among consumers have a significant effect on intentions to forward the commercial e-mails. E-mails that arouse positive emotions in the minds of the receivers are forwarded. The study significantly contributes to literature with the findings that not only positive emotions additionally content leads to high arousal through positive emotions leading to viral infection. Practical implications The study has implications for marketers who are in the business of promoting their products through e-mails, need to redesign the message content to engender positivity and generate viral infection, which is the ultimate goal of viral marketing. Originality/value This study explains factors behind the creation of “viral infection” specifically with regard to commercial e-mails targeted to individuals with high networking potential.
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Rahman, Jumadil Abdul. "Rancang Bangun Sistem Informasi Surat Di Majelis Pendidikan Dasar Dan Menengah Pimpinan Wilayah Muhammadiyah Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta Menggunakan Metode Extreme Programming." JISKA (Jurnal Informatika Sunan Kalijaga) 3, no. 2 (June 11, 2019): 95. http://dx.doi.org/10.14421/jiska.2018.32-04.
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Correspondence is one activity that can not be separated from an organization, because the mail is one of the important communication media in the organization and communication with other organizations.High-intensity correspondence activities need to have a good management, so that the information conveyed can be delivered properly and safely. This management can also make letters well documented.System development in this research using Extreme Programming method. This method was chosen because the development is still done on a small scale. In addition, this method has a simple process, fast and precise because prioritizing the communication aspects between clients with developers. The built-in information system has features for receiving incoming mail, sending outgoing mail, sending and receiving mail dispositions, and sending and receiving memos. With this system can be effecient mail management and make it easy to manage the data letter itself. Keywords : Agile Process, Letter, Extreme Programming, PHP, Information System
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Choi, Kelvin, Julia Cen Chen, Andy S. L. Tan, Samir Soneji, and Meghan B. Moran. "Receipt of tobacco direct mail/email discount coupons and trajectories of cigarette smoking behaviours in a nationally representative longitudinal cohort of US adults." Tobacco Control 28, no. 3 (June 19, 2018): 282–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2018-054363.
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BackgroundWe assessed whether receipt of coupons—via direct mail or e-mail—was prospectively related to trajectories of smoking behaviours.MethodsData were from a cohort of US adults (n=26 447) who participated in wave 1 (2013–2014) and wave 2 (2014–2015) of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study. Participants reported receipt of tobacco direct mail/email coupons in the past 6 months in wave 1 and their smoking status in both waves. Weighted multiple logistic regressions were used to examine demographic correlates of receiving tobacco direct mail/email coupons at wave 1 and to examine the prospective effect of receiving tobacco coupons on trajectories of smoking behaviours.FindingsAt wave 1, 10.7% of never smokers, 13.9% of experimental smokers, 37.1% of current smokers and 16.5% of former smokers reported receiving tobacco direct mail/email coupons. Lower education and higher poverty adults and non-Hispanic white current smokers were more likely to have received these coupons (p<0.05). Receiving tobacco direct mail/email coupons at wave 1 was associated with increased odds of smoking initiation among never smokers (adjusted odds ratio (AOR)=2.28, 95% CI 1.36 to 3.83), becoming established smokers among experimenters (AOR=1.62, 95% CI 1.29 to 2.04), becoming daily smokers among non-daily smokers (AOR=1.56, 95% CI 1.23 to 1.99) and smoking relapse among former smokers between waves (AOR=1.91, 95% CI 1.39 to 2.65). Receiving these coupons at wave 1 was associated with reduced odds of smoking cessation ≥6 months among current smokers (AOR=0.71, 95% CI 0.58 to 0.88).ConclusionsTobacco direct mail/email coupons encourage and sustain smoking and disproportionately affect lower socioeconomic populations.
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CHEN, GUANING, CHIH-WEI YI, MIN-TE SUN, FANG-CHU LIU, and WEI-CHI LAN. "MINIMUM LOCAL DISK COVER SETS FOR BROADCASTING IN HETEROGENEOUS MULTIHOP WIRELESS NETWORKS." International Journal of Foundations of Computer Science 23, no. 05 (August 2012): 1147–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129054112500165.
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The concept of forwarding sets is widely adopted in many broadcast protocols for wireless multihop networks to alleviate the broadcast storm problem. In these protocols, after receiving a broadcast message, each node that is requested to relay the message instructs a subset of its 1-hop neighbors, a.k.a. the forwarding set, to further relay it. In this paper, we propose to use the Minimum Local Disk Cover Set (MLDCS) as the forwarding set in heterogeneous multihop wireless networks, where nodes may have different transmission ranges.We show that the minimum local disk cover set of a node in heterogeneous networks is equivalent to its skyline set, and then we propose a divide-and-conquer algorithm with the optimal time complexity to compute the skyline set locally and statelessly. Moreover, unlike other forwarding heuristics, the proposed algorithm requires only 1-hop neighbor information. This helps to reduce the forwarding set formation latency and thus will be more suitable for environments with a frequently changed network topology, such as vehicular ad hoc networks.
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Tanjung, Dion, Seunggyu Byeon, Junhwan Huh, Dong Hyun Kim, and Jong Deok Kim. "Opportunistic and On-Demand Network Coding-Based Solutions for LPWAN Forwarding." Sensors 20, no. 20 (October 13, 2020): 5792. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20205792.
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The single-hop star-of-stars topology in low-power and wide-area networks (LPWAN) exhibits reliability and substandard coverage issues, especially in urban areas where line-of-sight (LoS) communication is difficult to achieve. Moreover, LPWAN trade-off the data rate to achieve longer coverage, preventing other end-devices from using the time resource. Locating other gateways is uneconomical as it requires infrastructure, such as the internet and a power connection. In this study, we propose a forwarding scheme with a relay to increase LPWAN coverage and reliability while not degrading the network’s capacity. A relay tends to incur unnecessary forwarding that degrades the network capacity unless proper countermeasure is prepared. Our works, namely opportunistic and on-demand network coding (OODC), minimize unnecessary forwarding and make good use of multiple-receiving relays. Network coding is also applied in the relay for better transmission efficiency and reliability simultaneously. Because network coding occurs header overhead, we perform a header compression technique to counter it. According to our simulation result, our method shows better reliability than fixed path forwarding. In an adaptive data rate settings, the OODC achieves a 92% packet delivery ratio (PDR), whereas a fixed-path forwarding only achieves an 84% PDR.
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Anders, Abram D., Joshua T. Coleman, and Stephen B. Castleberry. "Communication Preferences of Business-to-Business Buyers for Receiving Initial Sales Messages: A Comparison of Media Channel Selection Theories." International Journal of Business Communication 57, no. 3 (April 11, 2017): 370–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2329488417702476.
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Recent research on media channel selection theories has called for studies exploring communication in interorganizational business relationships and for specific work functions. The present study addresses this need through an exploration of buyer-seller communication practices in business-to-business contexts. Based on a survey of buyers, it offers a comparison of e-mail and voice mail with an emphasis on preferences for initial or cold call sales messages. The study design compares the explanatory power of three prominent theories of media channel selection: media richness theory, channel expansion theory, and media synchronicity theory. Results indicate that e-mail and voice mail/phone are the most frequently used media channels for business-to-business sales communication. Buyers preferred to receive initial messages from new salespeople by e-mail. Voice mail and phone are preferred for specific processes in established relationships, including conflict resolution, negotiations, and relationship building. Of the three theoretical models, media synchronicity theory offered the most thorough and robust account of buyer media preferences and channel selection rationales. Congruent with the expectations of media synchronicity theory, buyers preferred e-mail for communication processes characterized by the conveyance of information due to its capabilities for information processing. In particular, buyers preferred the higher parallelism of e-mail—including its capabilities for engaging in multiple conversations simultaneously—as it supported multitasking working styles.
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Uddin, Md Ashraf, and Mamun-or-Rashid. "Link Expiration Time-Aware Routing Protocol for UWSNs." Journal of Sensors 2013 (2013): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/625274.
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We propose a link expiration time-aware routing protocol for UWSNs. In this protocol, a sending node forwards a data packet after being sure that the packet reaches the forwarding node, and acknowledgment is returned to the sending node after receiving the data packet. Node mobility is handled in the protocol through the calculation of the link expiration time and sending the packet based on the link expiration time. Although the protocol employs two types of control packet, it provides less energy consumption and at the same time is providing better reliability of packets reaching to the destination because of using acknowledgement packet. The forwarding decision of node is taken by applying Bayes’ uncertainty theorem. We use depth, residual energy, and distance from the forwarding node to the sending node as evidence in Bayes’ theorem. In this protocol, we use the concept of expert systems ranking potentially true hypothesis. Extensive simulation has been executed to endorse better performance of the proposed protocol.
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Beck, Annika T., Erica J. Sutton, Carolyn P. Y. Chow, Susan H. Curtis, Iftikhar J. Kullo, and Richard R. Sharp. "“Who Doesn’t Like Receiving Good News?” Perspectives of Individuals Who Received Genomic Screening Results by Mail." Journal of Personalized Medicine 11, no. 5 (April 21, 2021): 322. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jpm11050322.
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As genomic sequencing expands to screen larger numbers of individuals, offering genetic counseling to everyone may not be possible. One approach to managing this limitation is for a genetic counselor to communicate clinically actionable results in person or by telephone, but report other results by mail. We employed this approach in a large genomic implementation study. In this paper, we describe participants’ experiences receiving genomic screening results by mail. We conducted 50 semi-structured telephone interviews with individuals who received neutral genomic screening results by mail. Most participants were satisfied receiving neutral results by mail. Participants generally had a good understanding of results; however, a few participants had misunderstandings about their genomic screening results, including mistaken beliefs about their disease risk and the comprehensiveness of the test. No one reported plans to alter health behaviors, defer medical evaluations, or take other actions that might be considered medically problematic. Reporting neutral results by mail is unlikely to cause recipients distress or generate misunderstandings that may result in reduced vigilance in following recommended preventive health strategies. Nonetheless, some individuals may benefit from additional genetic counseling support to help situate their results in the context of personal concerns and illness experiences.
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Kindratt, Tiffany B., Folefac Atem, Florence J. Dallo, Marlyn Allicock, and Bijal A. Balasubramanian. "The Influence of Patient–Provider Communication on Cancer Screening." Journal of Patient Experience 7, no. 6 (May 11, 2020): 1648–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2374373520924993.
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Few studies have examined how different qualities and modes (face-to-face vs electronic) of patient–provider communication (PPC) influence cancer screening uptake. Our objective was to determine whether receiving a breast, cervical, and colorectal cancer screening is influenced by (1) qualities of face-to-face and (2) the use of e-mail PPC. We analyzed Health Information National Trends Survey 4, cycles 1 to 4 data. To assess qualities of face-to-face PPC, adults reported how often physicians spent enough time with them, explained so they understood, gave them a chance to ask questions, addressed feelings and emotions, involved them in decisions, confirmed understanding, and helped them with uncertainty. Adults reported whether they used e-mail PPC. We used multivariable logistic regression to evaluate the odds of receiving cancer screenings based on face-to-face and e-mail PPC. Adults whose health-care providers involved them in decision-making had highest odds of receiving breast (odds ratio [OR] = 1.38; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.11-1.71), cervical (OR = 1.30; 95% CI = 1.06-1.60), and colorectal (OR = 1.25; 95% CI = 1.03-1.51) cancer screenings. No significant associations were observed between e-mail PPC and cancer screenings. More research is needed to explore this association.
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Stuttgen, Kelsey, Joel Pacyna, Annika Beck, Iftikhar J. Kullo, and Richard R. Sharp. "Patient reactions to receiving negative genomic screening results by mail." Genetics in Medicine 22, no. 12 (July 16, 2020): 1994–2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41436-020-0906-2.
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Helgeson, James G. "Receiving and Responding to a Mail Survey: A Phenomenological Examination." Market Research Society. Journal. 36, no. 4 (July 1994): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/147078539403600405.
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Worthen, Blaine R., and Rebecca W. Valcarce. "Relative Effectiveness of Personalized and Form Covering Letters in Initial and Follow-up Mail Surveys." Psychological Reports 57, no. 3 (December 1985): 735–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1985.57.3.735.
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Nonresponse is a serious threat to validity in mail surveys, prompting the need for research on techniques for increasing response rates. The relative effectiveness of personalized versus form covering letters in obtaining responses in a mail questionnaire survey was investigated for both initial and follow-up mailings. A questionnaire eliciting opinions about content in college courses in measurement was sent to 1000 Utah school teachers, randomly divided into two groups, with 500 receiving personalized letters and 500 receiving form letters. Nonrespondents in each group were randomly divided, with half receiving personalized follow-up letters and half receiving form follow-up letters. Using nondirectional hypothesis tests, no statistically significant differences were found in the relative effectiveness of personalized or form letters in either initial or follow-up mailings. These findings do not support the widely held belief that personalized covering letters improve response rates.
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Vellino, André, and Inge Alberts. "Assisting the appraisal of e-mail records with automatic classification." Records Management Journal 26, no. 3 (November 21, 2016): 293–313. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/rmj-02-2016-0006.
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Purpose This paper aims to investigate how automatic classification can assist employees and records managers with the appraisal of e-mails as records of value for the organization. Design/methodology/approach The study performed a qualitative analysis of the appraisal behaviours of eight records management experts to train a series of support vector machine classifiers to replicate the decision process for identifying e-mails of business value. Automatic classification experiments were performed on a corpus of 846 e-mails from two of these experts’ mailboxes. Findings Despite the highly contextual nature of record value, these experiments show that classifiers have a high degree of accuracy. Unlike existing manual practices in corporate e-mail archiving, machine classification models are not highly dependent on features such as the identity of the sender and receiver or on threading, forwarding or importance flags. Rather, the dominant discriminating features are textual features from the e-mail body and subject field. Research limitations/implications The need to automatically classify corporate e-mails is growing in importance, as e-mail remains one of the prevalent recordkeeping challenges. Practical implications Automated methods for identifying e-mail records promise to be of significant benefit to organizations that need to appraise e-mail for long-term preservation and access on demand. Social implications The research adopts an innovative approach to assist employees and records managers with the appraisal of digital records. By doing so, the research fosters new insights on the adoption of technological strategies to automate recordkeeping tasks, an important research gap. Originality/value Our experiment show that a SVM classifier can be trained to replicate an expert's decision process for identifying e-mails of business value with a reasonably high degree of accuracy. In principle, such a classifier could be integrated into a corporate Electronic Document and Records Management System (EDRMS) to improve the quality of e-mail records appraisal.
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Lensing, Shelly Y., Stephen R. Gillaspy, Pippa M. Simpson, Stacie M. Jones, John M. James, and Juneal M. Smith. "Encouraging Physicians to Respond to Surveys through the Use of Fax Technology." Evaluation & the Health Professions 23, no. 3 (September 2000): 348–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/01632780022034642.
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High response rates to surveys of physicians are difficult to achieve. One possible strategy to improve physicians’ survey participation is to offer the option of receiving and returning the survey by fax. This study describes the success of the option of fax communication in a survey of general practitioners, family physicians, and pediatricians in Arkansas with regard to pediatric asthma. Eligible physicians were given the choice of receiving the survey by telephone, mail, or fax. In this observational study, physicians’ preferences, response rates, and biases for surveys administered by fax were compared with mail and telephone surveys. The overall survey response rate was 59%. For the 96 physicians completing an eligibility screener survey, the largest percentage requested to be surveyed by fax (47%) rather than by telephone (28%) or mail (25%). Faxing may be one strategy to add to the arsenal of tools to increase response rates in surveying physicians.
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İnanç, Taş, and Akay Abdullah Emin. "Productivity Analysis of Modified Farm Tractors in Forwarding Industrial Wood Products." Наукові праці Лісівничої академії наук України, no. 20 (June 4, 2020): 196–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/412018.
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Public demands for forest products and services have been increasing gradually in many countries all over the world. Among the forest products, mostly round woods are produced in Turkey due to high economic value. On the other hand, there is a significant increase in demand for industrial woods in the domestic market in recent years. The reason behind this increase is the need of domestic companies in the wood-based panel industry for a large amount of wood raw material. . Farm tractors are the most widely used forest machinery in the extraction of industrial wood in Turkey. Farm tractors can be effectively used in mechanized harvesting operations after receiving some modifications and additional attachments. The modified farm tractors are affordable machinery for small logging contractors since their initial purchasing costs and hourly operating costs are quite low comparing with the forest harvesting equipment (i.e. skidder, forwarder, cable yarder). In this study, productivity of a modified farm tractor was analyzed during forwarding of industrial wood products. The study was implemented in Pinus nigra stand located in (?) the city of Afyonkarahisar in Turkey. In the study, the effects of forwarding distance on productivity were evaluated using statistical analysis. The results indicated that the most time-consuming work stage was unloading the truck and piling the wood products at the landing area, followed by ( in terms of time-consumption) collecting woods and loading the tractor at the stump. The average productivity of the forwarding operation was 6.06 stere/h (stere is the amount of wood pile with the height, width, and depth of one meter). It was also found that the productivity of the forwarding was significantly affected by the forwarding distance.
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Hepner, Kimberly A., Julie A. Brown, and Ron D. Hays. "Comparison of Mail and Telephone in Assessing Patient Experiences in Receiving Care from Medical Group Practices." Evaluation & the Health Professions 28, no. 4 (December 2005): 377–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0163278705281074.
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The medical group survey from the CAHPS® (formerly Consumer Assessment of Health Plans Study) project, G-CAHPS, focuses on patient experiences in receiving care from their medical group practice. We compared mail and telephone responses to the GCAHPS survey in a sample of 880 patients fromfour physician groups. Patients were randomly assigned to mode. Analyses included comparison of response rates, missing data, internal consistency reliability of six multiitem scales, and mean scores. A total of 537 phone completes and 343 mail completes were obtained (54% response rate). There were no significant differences in internal consistency by mode. In addition, there was only one significant mode difference in item and composite means by mode of administration after adjusting for case-mix differences. This study indicates that mail and telephone modes of data collection for the G-CAHPS survey produce similar results.
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Thompson Buum, Heather A. "You’ve Got Mail: Being on the Receiving End of Medical Bills." Journal of General Internal Medicine 34, no. 8 (March 18, 2019): 1668–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11606-019-04906-x.
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Kent, Aubrey, and Brian Turner. "Increasing Response Rates among Coaches: The Role of Prenotification Methods." Journal of Sport Management 16, no. 3 (July 2002): 230–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsm.16.3.230.
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This study determined whether, in a population of intercollegiate head coaches, prenotification had a significant influence on the return rate of mailed questionnaires. Acknowledging the growing use of e-mail and the Internet for survey distribution, the current study evaluated the effectiveness of e-mail as a prenotification technique, Response rates of Intercollegiate Head Coaches to mailed questionnaires from two separate samples were analyzed. Comparisons were made based upon the categorization of coaches into groups of prenotification by e-mail, formal letter, and a non-prenotified control group. Results indicated that prenotification of the survey recipients significantly increased response rates, with the group receiving e-mail prenotification having the highest response rate among the three groups. In addition to being cost effective for researchers, e-mail prenotification was an effective way to increase both the number and variety of contacts with survey recipients.
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Molla-Esparza, Cristian, Josep-Maria Losilla, and Emelina López-González. "Prevalence of sending, receiving and forwarding sexts among youths: A three-level meta-analysis." PLOS ONE 15, no. 12 (December 7, 2020): e0243653. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0243653.
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By systematic review with a three-level, mixed-effects meta-analysis, this paper examines the prevalence of sexting experiences among youths aimed at analyzing conceptual and methodological moderators that might explain its heterogeneity. A search was conducted of five bibliographic databases and grey literature up until February 2020. The risk of bias in primary studies was assessed. A total of seventy-nine articles met the set inclusion criteria. Mean prevalences for sending, receiving and forwarding sexts were .14 (95% CI: .12, .17), .31 (95% CI: .26, .36) and .07 (95% CI: .05, .09), respectively, expressed as fractions over one. Moderator analyses showed that all sexting experiences increased with age (e.g., the mean prevalence for sending sexts at the age of 12 was .04, whereas, at the age of 16, it was .21) and year of data collection (e.g., the mean prevalence for sending sexts in studies collecting data in 2009 was .07, whereas, in studies collecting data in 2018, it was .33). Subgroup analysis revealed that studies with probabilistic samples led to significantly lower mean prevalences for the sexting experiences of sending (.08, 95% CI: .06, .11), receiving (.19, 95% CI: .15, .24) and forwarding sexts (.04, 95% CI: .03, .07). Self-reported administration procedures also led to more homogeneous prevalence estimates than interviews. Prevalence estimates also varied according to the type of media content (e.g., the mean prevalence for sending sexual text messages was .22, whereas, for sending sexual images or videos, it was .12). Overall, our meta-analysis results suggest high and increasing prevalences of sending and receiving sexts among youths.
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Munir, Zainul Munir. "RANCANG BANGUN IP PUBLIC BERBASIS VPN SERVER DAN PORT FORWARDING UNTUK MAIL SERVER PADA CV PACIFIC COMPUTER BATAM." Jursima 5, no. 2 (November 17, 2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.47024/js.v5i2.44.
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Muarif, Muhammad Imam, and Dadan Irwan. "Sistem Auto Backup Elektronik Mail Pada Mail Server Menggunakan Cron Job." PIKSEL : Penelitian Ilmu Komputer Sistem Embedded and Logic 5, no. 2 (February 25, 2018): 79–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.33558/piksel.v5i2.270.
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ABSTRACT
Electronic mail or commonly called e-mail is a mailing service that uses computer network for sending and receiving mail. On the other hand, e-mail mostly used as one of the supporting media for any communication activities. Therefore the purpose of this research is applying auto backup email system on mail server at Unisma Bekasi software laboratory. Mail server used is Zimbra open source with Ubuntu Linux 14.04 operating system. To support the necessary elements, the bind9 system is used for naming the domain name that provides addressing on the server system. By having cronjob feature on Webmin, it makes a solution automatically command for auto backup which is combined with scrip. User account capacity and mailbox on mail server Zimbra can accommodate bigger mail compared to other servers such as qmail or postfix.
Key words: mail server, open source, zimbra, cron job, auto backup.
ABSTRAK
Surat elektronik atau biasa disebut e-mail adalah suatu layanan surat menyurat yang menggunakan media jaringan komputer dalam mengirim dan menerima surat. Penggunaan e-mail sendiri lebih banyak dipakai sebagai salah satu media pendukung dari setiap kegiatan komunikasi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menerapkan sistem auto backup email pada mail server pada laboratorium software Universitas Islam 45. Mail server yang digunakan adalah zimbra open source dengan sistem operasi Linux Ubuntu 14.04. Untuk mendukung unsur-unsur yang diperlukan, penamaan nama domain menggunakan sistem bind9 yang menyediakan pengalamatan pada sistem server. Dengan adanya fitur cron job pada webmin, menjadikan solusi untuk melakukan sebuah perintah otomatis dalam melakukan auto backup yang dikombinasikan dengan script. Kapasitas user account dan mail box pada mail server zimbra dapat menampung lebih banyak dibandingkan mail server lainnya, seperti qmail atau postfix.
Kata kunci: mail server, open source, zimbra, cron job, auto backup.
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Slater, Jonathan S., Michael J. Parks, Michael E. Malone, George A. Henly, and Christina L. Nelson. "Coupling Financial Incentives With Direct Mail in Population-Based Practice." Health Education & Behavior 44, no. 1 (July 10, 2016): 165–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1090198116646714.
Full textAbstract:
Financial incentives are being used increasingly to encourage a wide array of health behaviors because of their well-established efficacy. However, little is known about how to translate incentive-based strategies to public health practice geared toward improving population-level health, and a dearth of research exists on how individuals respond to incentives through public health communication strategies such as direct mail. This study reports results of a population-based randomized controlled trial testing a direct mail, incentive-based intervention for promoting mammography uptake. The study population was composed of a random sample of Minnesota women enrolled in Medicare fee-for-service and overdue for breast cancer screening. Participants ( N = 18,939) were randomized into three groups: (1) Direct Mail only, (2) Direct Mail plus Incentive, and (3) Control. Both direct mail groups received two mailers with a message about the importance of mammography; however, Mail plus Incentive mailers also offered a $25 incentive for getting a mammogram. Logistic regression analyses measured intervention effects. Results showed the odds for receiving mammography were significantly higher for the Direct Mail plus Incentive group compared with both Direct Mail only and Control groups. The use of incentives also proved to be cost-effective. Additionally, the Direct Mail only group was more likely to receive mammography than the Control group. Findings offer experimental evidence on how the population-based strategy of direct mail coupled with a financial incentive can encourage healthy behavior, as well as how incentive-based programs can be translated into health promotion practice aimed at achieving population-level impact.
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Widiantoro, Albertus Dwiyoga. "Paperless Mail Office System and Data Integration at UNIKA Soegijapranata." SISFORMA 5, no. 1 (May 31, 2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.24167/sisforma.v5i1.1526.
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Paper-based correspondence has many constraints on sending, receiving, and filing. The filling makes it difficult to search document. The purpose of this research is to facilitate the process of sending, searching, and integrating data and documents. With electronic-based office mail is expected to reduce paper usage. Application development methods using the SDLC method consist of system investigation, analysis, design environments, testing, training, and transition, operation and maintenance.Electronic-based office mail is able to solve many problems regarding the mail system such as speed of delivery, filing, and searching of documents. By utilizing the database system, documents can be stored well and integrated. It's cannot eliminate the use of paper. The main reason is the habit of employees needed paper evidence in their work
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Al Mubarok, Eristi Dwi, and Dyah Tri Wulansari. "PENGURUSAN SURAT MODEL HIBRID: PEMANFAATAN APLIKASI E-SURAT DALAM PENGURUSAN DI DINAS KEARSIPAN DAN PERPUSTAKAAN PROVINSI JAWA TENGAH." Diplomatika: Jurnal Kearsipan Terapan 3, no. 2 (August 31, 2020): 86. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/diplomatika.58930.
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This article examines the hybrid model of mail handling carried out by the Archives and Libraries of Central Java Province. Management using the e-Surat application was developed to facilitate the management and distribution of incoming and outgoing mail, besides that there is also a reference for uniformity in managing incoming and outgoing mail automatically. Despite utilizing the e-Surat application in mail handling. Dinarpus Central Java still carries out conventional mail management activities such as receiving, checking, disposing and signatures. Analytical descriptive method is used in describing the object being studied. Data collection used three methods, namely, participatory observation, interviews and literature study. Participatory observation was carried out through direct observation and practice of letter handling activities at Dinarpus Central Java. Interviews aim to obtain information through sources who are directly involved in mail handling activities using the e-Surat application. Literature study is a technique of collecting data from various library materials to strengthen the analysis and exposure conducted by the author. The use of e-Surat applications in management activities at Dinarpus Central Java is a hybrid model of letter management that combines electronic and conventional letter management. The e-Mail application has a significant impact on the smooth running of mail management activities, both in handling incoming and outgoing mail. This shows that the features contained in the e-Surat application have not been fully used because they are still constrained by regulations on the development stage being carried out by Dinarpus Central Java.
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Krishna, Mr B. "E-Mail Spam Classification using Naive Bayesian Classifier." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. VI (June 30, 2021): 5209–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.36153.
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— E-mail spam is the very recent problem for every individual. The e-mail spam is nothing it’s an advertisement of any company/product or any kind of virus which is receiving by the email client mailbox without any notification. To solve this problem the different spam filtering technique is used. The spam filtering techniques are used to protect our mailbox for spam mails. In this project, we are using the Naïve Bayesian Classifier for spam classification. The Naïve Bayesian Classifier is very simple and efficient method for spam classification. Here we are using the Lingspam dataset for classification of spam and non-spam mails. The feature extraction technique is used to extract the feature. The result is to increase the accuracy of the system.
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B Wagh, Mukund, and N. Gomathi. "Shared intelligent optimum route selection through traffic management system in VANET– SIRS." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 1.2 (December 28, 2017): 125. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i1.2.9037.
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A Vehicular Ad-hoc Network (VANET) consists of the vehicle to vehicle and vehicle to roadside communication. Growing the density of the vehicles on the road causes flooding while transferring packets from a source to one or multiple destinations over a VANET. However, increasing vehicles on road may causes a problem such as redundancy, congestion, collision and increasing delay though receiving emergency warnings. As long as reliable and proficient multi-hop broadcast in vehicular ad hoc networks is challenging one. In the proposed system commence a new protocol which uses the character of elegant route establishment and selection method for transfer information to the destination (dst) with minimum redundancy, delay and highest bits per second delivery. In some environment vehicles are deployed in a dense manner, and it can move at a high speed. Adjacent Access Points (APs) on the road find out route information from their past report gatherings which use a fuzzy logic to select routing conclusion. This approach consists of isolating the whole network area into clusters. Based on which an optimized route is chosen using the input parameters as vehicle density, distance from the adjacent AP, vehicle mobility, receiving signal strength and delay should be jointly measured in the relay node selection. Though, these computation conflicts with each other depend on vehicle mobility. Hence, we employ fuzzy logic to handle this imprecise information to select forwarding vehicles by mutually taking into account of vehicle distance (d), mobility (v) and Receiving Signal Strength (RSS). The selected vehicle can provide an assure data forwarding with a high competence. The performance of the proposed scheme is evaluated on the metrics such as end-to-end delay, packet delivery ratio by varying vehicle speed, and density of vehicles.
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Frey, Susanne, Roland Schegg, and Jamie Murphy. "E-Mail Customer Service in the Swiss Hotel Industry." Tourism and Hospitality Research 4, no. 3 (March 2003): 197–212. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/146735840300400302.
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This research explored the state of electronic customer service in Switzerland by e-mailing a typical room query to a random and stratified sample of 200 hotels. Based on the hotel responses, this study found that guests had less than a one in ten chance of receiving a prompt, polite and personal reply. Diffusion of innovations helps explain the poor e-mail replies by Swiss hoteliers. The quality of reply differed across hotel size, category, online relationship marketing tools and linguistic region while responsiveness differed across online relationship marketing tools, geographic location and linguistic region. This study suggests that hotels can gain an immediate competitive advantage by implementing basic e-mail procedures.
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Rath, Jessica M., Valerie F. Williams, Andrea C. Villanti, Molly P. Green, Paul D. Mowery, and Donna M. Vallone. "Boosting Online Response Rates Among Nonresponders." Social Science Computer Review 35, no. 5 (July 14, 2016): 619–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0894439316656151.
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Online data collection has become an extremely popular survey mode given its reduced cost, ease of administration, and timeliness. Although extensive research exists on the influence of e-mail invitation design characteristics to prompt survey participation, less is known about the effectiveness of e-mail reminders in prompting survey completion among nonresponders. The purpose of this study was to determine whether incorporating humor into e-mail reminders improved survey completion rates. Respondents from the Truth Initiative Young Adult Cohort ( n = 2,963) who did not respond to the first standard e-mail invitation to complete their follow-up survey were randomly assigned to one of the three e-mail reminder groups: control (standard), humor only, or humor plus statistics. Those who received an initial humor plus statistics reminder e-mail received the humor only e-mail as their second reminder and vice versa. Logistic regression was used to generate the odds ratios ( OR) for the probability of completing the survey after the first reminder. Results of multivariable models showed that, when collapsed together, the humor only and humor plus statistics e-mails were more effective than the control [adjusted OR (AOR) = 1.23, 95% confidence interval (CI) [1.01, 1.49], p = .05]. Receiving the humorous e-mail as the first reminder increased the odds of response to the survey by 24% (AOR = 1.24, 95% CI [1.00, 1.54], p = .04). Those entering the study at an earlier wave, nonsmokers and those living in smaller households were more likely to respond after the first reminder. A humorous reminder tailored to the voice of the audience is an easy, efficient, and effective way to increase response rates among young adults.
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Supriyanto, Bambang, and Suharyanto Suharyanto. "Perancangan Jaringan VPN Menggunakan Metode Point To Point Tunneling Protocol." Jurnal Teknik Komputer 5, no. 2 (August 1, 2019): 235–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.31294/jtk.v5i2.5452.
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PT. Hail Otis Logistics is a Forwarding and Expedition Company that provides Custom Clearence Export and Import services as well as Shipping or Delivery from Partner Companies to Tanjung Priuk Port and vice versa. Currently PT. Hail Otis Logistics is sending company data using e-mail, so the company cannot yet ensure the security of the data sent. Due to the company's problems, designing a VPN is a means of communicating and transferring data securely and maintaining data validity. In this study VPN was built using the PPTP (Point To Point Tunneling Protocol) method to build a VPN network at PT. Hail Otis Logistics. Use PPTP because this method uses a protocol that allows point to point relationships that pass through the IP network. Results obtained in VPN development at PT. Hail Otis Logistics are VPN networks that can connect between headquarters and branch offices to transfer data safely. VPN development can provide security with encryption in every data communication.Keywords: PPTP, Network, VPN
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Okolica, Carol, and Concetta M. Stewart. "Voice Mail and Academics: Creating a Virtual Office." Journal of Educational Technology Systems 22, no. 2 (December 1993): 113–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/uvr2-06wk-7qkm-rcr5.
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Voice-messaging (also called voice mail) is a computer-based technology that uses a standard touch-tone telephone for input and retrieval. Because of its ability to enhance communication, voice mail is a powerful communication tool. Voice mail systems allow users to access their messages from any touch-tone telephone, twenty-four hours a day, distribute one message to many recipients, forward messages with covering remarks to other users, mark a message for future delivery, and create personal greetings. In addition, many of the voice mail systems currently available offer interfaces to electronic mail and fax communication—thereby providing a complete communication management facility. Although much has been written about the use of voice messaging, little is known about how voice messaging is used by faculty at institutions of higher education. The communication needs of this group differ in crucial ways from business organizations and even from the needs of their own administrators. While faculty have as strong a need for communication and interaction with their students and colleagues, their varied hours often prevent them from being available to do so. This article describes the unique communication needs of academicians and how innovative use of voice mail can address these needs. By creating a virtual office, voice mail can serve as a solution to: the conflict many academicians have between being in the office for students and conducting research; the frustration inherent in trying to contact committee members and colleagues; receiving messages meant for someone else; and extended absences from campus that put faculty out of touch with students and others.
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Revere, Debra, Ian Painter, Mark Oberle, and Janet G. Baseman. "Health-Care Provider Preferences for Time-Sensitive Communications from Public Health Agencies." Public Health Reports 129, no. 6_suppl4 (November 2014): 67–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00333549141296s410.
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Objective. The Rapid Emergency Alert Communication in Health (REACH) Trial was a randomized control trial to systematically compare and evaluate the effectiveness of traditional and mobile communication modalities for public health agencies to disseminate time-sensitive information to health-care providers (HCPs). We conducted a sub-study to identify the communication channels by which HCPs preferred receiving public health alerts and advisories. Methods. Enrolled HCPs were blindly randomized into four message delivery groups to receive time-sensitive public health messages by e-mail, fax, or short message service (SMS) or to a no-message control group. Follow-up interviews were conducted 5–10 days after the message. In the final interview, additional questions were asked regarding HCP preferences for receiving public health alerts and advisories. We examined the relationship between key covariates and preferred method of receiving public health alert and advisory messages. Results. Gender, age, provider type, and study site showed statistically significant associations with delivery method preference. Older providers were more likely than younger providers to prefer e-mail or fax, while younger providers were more likely than older providers to prefer receiving messages via SMS. Conclusions. There is currently no evidence-based research to guide or improve communication between public health agencies and HCPs. Understanding the preferences of providers for receiving alerts and advisories may improve the effectiveness of vital public health communications systems and, in turn, may enhance disease surveillance, aid in early detection, and improve case finding and situational awareness for public health emergencies.
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Tuttle, Alfred D., Jennifer L. Beck, Diane K. Willimack, Kevin P. Tolliver, Aryn Hernandez, and Cha-Chi Fan. "Experimenting with Contact Strategies in Business Surveys." Journal of Official Statistics 34, no. 2 (June 1, 2018): 365–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jos-2018-0017.
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Abstract The U.S. Census Bureau conducted a series of experiments to evaluate alternative contact strategies. We hoped to identify effective mail strategies that increase timeliness of response and reduce the number of cases receiving more-costly follow-ups. These experiments were incorporated into the collection of several annual business surveys and one quarterly survey. This article summarizes results from five experiments whose designs are based on business survey decision-making and response processes. We obtained clear, positive results from tests involving manipulation of mail sequences, but only modest results from tests in which we varied messages and envelope appearance, whose effects were seen only in specific industry subgroups.
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Xue, Qin. "Cooperative Time Synchronization Based on Mining Wireless Sensor Network." Advanced Materials Research 811 (September 2013): 501–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.811.501.
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With the energy market demand increasing, coal mine safety production monitoring system based on wireless sensor network has been widely used. The traditional wireless sensor network synchronization method based on packet switching is very difficult to achieve synchronization accuracy and energy consumption at the same time. Paper presents a cooperative time synchronization method based on packet message exchange (CTS), Analysis of synchronous packet information interaction process, the introduction of cooperative relay will not change the synchronization precision. Synchronous grouping information for sending and receiving ends for receiving and forwarding to reduce the transmission power, reduce energy consumption through cooperative relay. Theoretical analysis and computer simulation show that in the condition of not reducing the synchronization precision, it can achieve the purpose of reducing energy consumption by introducing the cooperative relay in the horizon channel model can reach 4 times the energy efficiency.
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Koura, Yaya H., Yaming Zhang, and Hai’ou Liu. "Competitive Interaction Model for Online Social Networks’ Users’ Data Forwarding at a Subnet." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2017 (2017): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/3971803.
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Social Networks Ecosystem is evolving faster and Social Networks users’ intensive activities are affecting significantly the network traffic. Generated data from different sending and receiving hosts have to be handled by network active nodes and links. In this paper, we propose to study the interaction between two types of network active hosts by using a Lotka-Volterra competitive system that considers the subnet limiting supply. We applied our proposed model to two kinds of Online Social Networks’ (OSNs’) users characterized by the intensity of their activities from the generated data perspective. We assumed and proved that the impact of competition is flexible and subject to forwarding protocol and subnet allocated resources. By taking the competition case in the analysis of the differential equations, we show that when competition exists, one stable equilibrium point can be found if certain conditions are respected. Numerical results confirm our theoretical analysis and show that instead of treating equally at the subnet level all data from active hosts, adopting a routing protocol that takes into account the nature of data and the forwarding time is necessary for improving the overall performance of the network.
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Basch, Ethan, Allison M. Deal, Mark G. Kris, Howard I. Scher, Clifford A. Hudis, Paul Sabbatini, Lauren Rogak, et al. "Symptom Monitoring With Patient-Reported Outcomes During Routine Cancer Treatment: A Randomized Controlled Trial." Journal of Clinical Oncology 34, no. 6 (February 20, 2016): 557–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2015.63.0830.
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Purpose There is growing interest to enhance symptom monitoring during routine cancer care using patient-reported outcomes, but evidence of impact on clinical outcomes is limited. Methods We randomly assigned patients receiving routine outpatient chemotherapy for advanced solid tumors at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center to report 12 common symptoms via tablet computers or to receive usual care consisting of symptom monitoring at the discretion of clinicians. Those with home computers received weekly e-mail prompts to report between visits. Treating physicians received symptom printouts at visits, and nurses received e-mail alerts when participants reported severe or worsening symptoms. The primary outcome was change in health-related quality of life (HRQL) at 6 months compared with baseline, measured by the EuroQol EQ-5D Index. Secondary endpoints included emergency room (ER) visits, hospitalizations, and survival. Results Among 766 patients allocated, HRQL improved among more participants in the intervention group than usual care (34% v 18%) and worsened among fewer (38% v 53%; P < .001). Overall, mean HRQL declined by less in the intervention group than usual care (1.4- v 7.1-point drop; P < .001). Patients receiving intervention were less frequently admitted to the ER (34% v 41%; P = .02) or hospitalized (45% v 49%; P = .08) and remained on chemotherapy longer (mean, 8.2 v 6.3 months; P = .002). Although 75% of the intervention group was alive at 1 year, 69% with usual care survived the year (P = .05), with differences also seen in quality-adjusted survival (mean of 8.7 v. 8.0 months; P = .004). Benefits were greater for participants lacking prior computer experience. Most patients receiving intervention (63%) reported severe symptoms during the study. Nurses frequently initiated clinical actions in response to e-mail alerts. Conclusion Clinical benefits were associated with symptom self-reporting during cancer care.
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Faruq, Amrul, Khaeruddin Khaeruddin, and Merinda Lestandy. "Sistem Keamanan Multi Mail Server dengan Teknik Enkripsi OPENPGP pada Zimbra Exchange Open Source Software." Jurnal Teknologi Informasi dan Ilmu Komputer 7, no. 3 (May 22, 2020): 493. http://dx.doi.org/10.25126/jtiik.2020731869.
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<p class="Abstrak">Surat elektronik atau <em>email</em> merupakan media komunikasi yang sangat populer. Untuk mengirim dan menerima email, diperlukan sebuah penyedia <em>(server)</em> yang di dalamnya terdapat layanan <em>email</em>. <em>Zimbra Collaboration Suite (ZCS)</em> merupakan salah satu aplikasi <em>mail server powerfull</em> yang dapat dipergunakan sebagai aplikasi <em>mail</em> <em>server</em> dalam jumlah user puluhan hingga ribuan. Pada penelitian ini, sistem enkripsi pada Zimbra <em>multiple-mail</em> <em>server</em> menggunakan metode OpenPGP diimplementasikan untuk mengamankan isi <em>email</em> yang dikirim maupun yang diterima, yaitu dengan memanfaatkan <em>public key</em> dan <em>private key</em>. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan metode <em>OpenPGP </em> mampu bekerja dengan baik untuk keamanan sistem pengiriman dan atau penerimaan <em>email</em> pada <em>multi mail server</em>.</p><p class="Abstrak"> </p><p class="Abstrak"><em><strong>Abstract</strong></em></p><p class="Abstract"><em>Electronic mail or e-mail is a very popular communication medium. To send and receive e-mails, a provider (server) is needed in which there is an e-mail service. Zimbra Collaboration Suite (ZCS) is one powerful mail server application that can be used as a mail server application in the number of users from tens to thousands. In this study, the encryption system on the Zimbra multiple-mail server uses the OpenPGP method to be implemented to secure the contents of e-mails sent and received, namely by using the public key and private key. The test results show that the OpenPGP method works well for the security of the email sending/receiving system on a multi-mail server.</em></p>
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Pradini, Ayu Giska, and Adjat Sudradjat. "Sistem Informasi Pengarsipan Surat Kantor Desa Berbasis Web." INFORMATION MANAGEMENT FOR EDUCATORS AND PROFESSIONALS : Journal of Information Management 5, no. 2 (June 30, 2021): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.51211/imbi.v5i2.1452.
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Abstrak: Pengelolaan arsip surat pada kantor desa belum sepenuhnya sesuai prosedur dan belum terstruktur. Selain itu, proses penerimaan hingga penyimpanan surat masih dilakukan secara manual. Dalam penyimpanan surat masuk maupun surat keluar masih berbentuk hard copy kemudian surat disimpan pada rak arsip. Untuk pencatatan surat dilakukan pada buku agenda. Selain itu untuk melakukan pencarian arsip surat membutuhkan waktu yang lama karena harus membuka terlebih dahulu kumpulan arsip satu per satu, sehingga ini kurang efisien. Dengan adanya sistem informasi pengelolaan arsip surat berbasis web ini diharapkan dapat mempermudah pegawai pada kantor desa dalam mengelola surat secara terstruktur dan terkomputerisasi. Dalam pembuatan sistem ini menggunakan metode waterfall dimana dalam pengerjaan setiap fasenya harus dikerjakan terlebih dahulu sebelum melanjutkan ke fase berikutnya. Dengan menggunakan website ini maka pegawai dapat melakukan proses pengelolaan agenda surat masuk, agenda surat keluar, disposisi surat, pengarsipan surat masuk dan surat keluar serta pengelolaan laporan arsip surat masuk dan surat keluar secara berkala. Kata kunci: sistem informasi, pengelolaan arsip surat, web Abstract: The management of mail archives at village office has not been fully compliant with procedures and has not been structured. In addition, the process of receiving and storing mail is still done manually. In the storage of incoming and outgoing mail is still in the form of hard copy and then the letter is stored on the archive shelf. For the recording of letters is carried out in the agenda book. In addition, to perform a mail archive search takes a long time because it has to open the archive sets one by one, so this is less efficient. With this web-based mail archive management information system, it is expected to facilitate employees in village office in managing letters in a structured and computerized manner. In the manufacture of this system using waterfall method where in the process of each phase must be done first before proceeding to the next phase. By using this website, employees can manage the agenda of incoming mail, outgoing mail agenda, letter disposition, archiving incoming and outgoing mail and management of incoming and outgoing mail archive reports periodically. Keywords: information system, mail archive management, web
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Abdulhameed, Abbas A., Razi J. Al-Azawi, and Basil M. Al-Mahdawi. "Modeling Web Security Analysis Attacks with CySeMoL Tool." Al-Mustansiriyah Journal of Science 31, no. 3 (August 20, 2020): 101. http://dx.doi.org/10.23851/mjs.v31i3.876.
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The utilize of the web has made humans and companies powerless to exterior assaults. Indeed, cyber problems essentially influence information frameworks with distinctive types of malicious attacks such as spyware, virus, social engineering, etc. The Internet e-mail service, in particular, has become one of the most dependable methods of communication among people, institutions, and companies. The development of digital signatures to e-mail services has raised the e-mail security, which led to replacing the standard mailing of registered letters. Unfortunately, the process of sending and receiving e-mails has created a negative impact means on security and privacy from cybercriminals by diffusing spam and malware. As a result, e-mail hosts are constantly under attack by malicious programs that are often attached to e-mails. In this paper, the simulation model and prototype of an email traffic monitor developed and tested in order to prove the ability of our proposed method for detecting new viruses. This paper states the success possibility of this new method based on the simulation results. The results of the analysis suggest that the Cyber Security Modeling Language (CySeMoL) model has a good performance of operating system vulnerability prediction. At last, some useful suggestions in the context of the CySeMoL model are presented.
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Wu, Qilin, Xianzhong Zhou, Qian Cao, and Huan Fang. "Multihop Capability Analysis in Wireless Information and Power Transfer Multirelay Cooperative Networks." Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 2018 (2018): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/1857015.
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We study simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT) in multihop wireless cooperative networks, where the multihop capability that denotes the largest number of transmission hops is investigated. By utilizing the broadcast nature of multihop wireless networks, we first propose a cooperative forwarding power (CFP) scheme. In CFP scheme, the multiple relays and receiver have distinctly different tasks. Specifically, multiple relays close to the transmitter harvest power from the transmitter first and then cooperatively forward the power (not the information) towards the receiver. The receiver receives the information (not the power) from the transmitter first, and then it harvests the power from the relays and is taken as the transmitter of the next hop. Furthermore, for performance comparison, we suggest two schemes: cooperative forwarding information and power (CFIP) and direct receiving information and power (DFIP). Also, we construct an analysis model to investigate the multihop capabilities of CFP, CFIP, and DFIP schemes under the given targeted throughput requirement. Finally, simulation results validate the analysis model and show that the multihop capability of CFP is better than CFIP and DFIP, and for improving the multihop capabilities, it is best effective to increase the average number of relay nodes in cooperative set.
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Gable, MPH, Alicia R., Claudia Der-Martirosian, PhD, Laura N. Pinnock, MSPH, PMP, and Aram Dobalian, PhD, JD, MPH. "Disaster-related communication preferences of homeless and nonhomeless VA patients." Journal of Emergency Management 16, no. 1 (March 5, 2018): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.5055/jem.2018.0353.
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Objective: To identify the communication preferences of homeless (H) and nonhomeless (NH) Veterans Affairs (VA) patients for receiving information about the impact of natural disasters on VA healthcare services. Design: Probability-based sampling design stratified on age categories, urban/rural, coastal/noncoastal, and homelessness. Setting: Northeast United States.Participants: Eligible NH and H participants included those who lived in and had at least one healthcare visit to a VA medical center/clinic in the region in the previous 24 months. Homeless participants included those receiving VA homeless services or having ICD9-CM V60.0 (Lack of Housing). 2,264/6,088 NH and 383/2,000 H completed the survey.Intervention: Cross-sectional, mixed-mode survey administered August-November 2015.Main Outcome Measures: Helpfulness of ten communication modes for receiving information about the impact of natural disasters on VA healthcare services.Results: Despite sociodemographic and health status differences, the top five communication modes rated extremely/very helpful were the same for both groups: telephone (76 percent H; 81 percent NH), TV (63 percent H; 60 percent NH), text (62 percent H; 50 percent NH), e-mail (56 percent H; 58 percent NH), radio (54 percent H; 47 percent NH). Newspaper and online modes (VA/other Web sites, Twitter, Facebook, MyHealtheVet) were rated substantially lower. Conclusions: H and NH patients prefer similar communication modes for receiving updates about the impact of natural disasters on VA healthcare services. Findings suggest that a multimodal communication strategy that incorporates phone, TV, text, e-mail, and radio will help Veterans Affairs (VA) reach its diverse patient population during natural disasters. Dissemination of messages via online modes, while rated less helpful, may augment the number of patients reached.
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Villordo-Jimenez, Iclia, Noé Torres-Cruz, Marcelo M. Carvalho, Rolando Menchaca-Mendez, Mario E. Rivero-Angeles, and Ricardo Menchaca-Mendez. "A Selective-Awakening MAC Protocol for Energy-Efficient Data Forwarding in Linear Sensor Networks." Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 2018 (2018): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/6351623.
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We introduce the Selective-Awakening MAC (SA-MAC) protocol which is a synchronized duty-cycled protocol with pipelined scheduling for Linear Sensor Networks (LSNs). In the proposed protocol, nodes selectively awake depending on node density and traffic load conditions and on the state of the buffers of the receiving nodes. In order to characterize the performance of the proposed protocol, we present a Discrete-Time Markov Chain-based analysis that is validated through extensive discrete-event simulations. Our results show that SA-MAC significantly outperforms previous proposals in terms of energy consumption, throughput, and packet loss probability. This is particularly true under high node density and high traffic load conditions, which are expected to be common scenarios in the context of IoT applications. We also present an analysis by grade (i.e., the number of hops to the sink, which is located at one end of the LSN) that reveals that LSNs exhibit heterogeneous performance depending on the nodes’ grade. Such results can be used as a design guideline for future LSN implementations.
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Havens, Josh, Moses New-Aaron, Yangyang Gao, Qingfeng He, Fadul Nada, and Sara H. Bares. "1303. Impact of Pharmacy Type on HIV Viral Suppression at a University-Based HIV Clinic in the Midwest." Open Forum Infectious Diseases 6, Supplement_2 (October 2019): S470. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofz360.1166.
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Abstract Background People with HIV (PWH) utilize various pharmacy types beyond the traditional local pharmacy including mail order and specialty pharmacies. Some pharmacies often provide additional adherence services such as refill reminders, expedited delivery, and adherence packaging. Limited data are available describing the relationship between pharmacy type and HIV viral suppression (VS). We evaluated the impact of pharmacy type on VS. Methods We conducted a single-center, retrospective cohort study of PWH (≥19 years) receiving care at a Midwestern HIV clinic between January 1, 2018, and December 31, 2018, with at least 1 HIV RNA reading during the study period. We collected sociodemographic information, ART regimen, adherence (PDC—percentage of days covered), and clinical characteristics. Patients were stratified by pharmacy type: local (traditional pharmacy without adherence services), local specialty (traditional pharmacy with adherence services and same-day, couriered delivery), and mail order (mail order pharmacy with or without adherence services). Pearson Chi-squared tests and binary logistic regression were used to examine the effect of pharmacy type on VS (HIV viral load ≤50 copies/mL). Results A total of 1014 patients met study criteria; 164 (16%) utilized a local, 720 (71%) local specialty, and 130 (13%) mail order. VS rates were similar between pharmacy types: local (91%), semi-specialty local (88%), and mail order (96%). After adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics, ART regimen, ART adherence and other clinical characteristics, there was no association between pharmacy type and VS when comparing local and mail to local specialty pharmacy types (local—aOR: 0.98, 95% CI, 0.46–2.12; mail—aOR: 1.65, 95% CI, 0.46–6.0). Factors found to be negatively associated with VS were single marital status (aOR: 0.49; 95% CI, 0.24–0.95), current or historical opportunistic infection (aOR: 0.51; 95% CI, 0.26–0.99), and usage of a multiclass or dual ART regimen (aOR: 0.40; 95% CI, 0.16–0.98). Conclusion Despite additional services offered by some pharmacies, no differences were observed in HIV VS between pharmacy types. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.
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Kurtinaitienė, Rūta, Jolita Rimienė, Ingrida Labanauskaitė, Nadežda Lipunova, and Giedrė Smailytė. "Increasing attendance in a cervical cancer screening programme by personal invitation: experience of a Lithuanian primary health care centre." Acta medica Lituanica 23, no. 3 (November 26, 2016): 180–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.6001/actamedica.v23i3.3383.
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Background. High participation rates are an essential component of an effective screening programme and many approaches were introduced as being successful for enhancing compliance to screening guidelines. The aim of this study was to evaluate to which extent a personal invitation by mail increases the rate of attendance in a cervical cancer screening programme in a primary health care centre. Materials and methods. The study was carried out as a pilot project to gain insight into feasibility of applying a well-known compliance increasing measure in Lithuanian population. The study included a sample of women registered at the primary health care centre in Panevėžys who had not participated in the cervical cancer screening programme for six and more years. Personal registered invitation letters to attend the primary health care centre for a Pap smear were sent out to 1789 women by mail. Results. In total, 2195 women were tested during 2011 at the primary health care centre. 487 (22.2%) of them attended the screening programme after receiving a personal invitation letter. Response rate for attending screening after receiving a personal invitation letter was 27.3%. Conclusions. Our study demonstrated that personal invitation letters addressed to long-term non-attendees could markedly increase participation in cervical cancer screening in Lithuania.
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Sánchez-Ortiz, V. C., C. Munro, D. Stahl, J. House, H. Startup, J. Treasure, C. Williams, and U. Schmidt. "A randomized controlled trial of internet-based cognitive-behavioural therapy for bulimia nervosa or related disorders in a student population." Psychological Medicine 41, no. 2 (April 21, 2010): 407–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291710000711.
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BackgroundBulimic eating disorders are common among female students, yet the majority do not access effective treatment. Internet-based cognitive-behavioural therapy (iCBT) may be able to bridge this gap.MethodSeventy-six students with bulimia nervosa (BN) or eating disorder not otherwise specified (EDNOS) were randomly assigned to immediate iCBT with e-mail support over 3 months or to a 3-month waiting list followed by iCBT [waiting list/delayed treatment control (WL/DTC)]. ED outcomes were assessed with the Eating Disorder Examination (EDE) at baseline, 3 months and 6 months. Other outcomes included depression, anxiety and quality of life.ResultsStudents who had immediate iCBT showed significantly greater improvements at 3 and 6 months than those receiving WL/DTC in ED and other symptoms.ConclusionsiCBT with e-mail support is efficacious in students with bulimic disorders and has lasting effects.
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Fowler, Kimberly, Katherine Poehling, Dean Billheimer, Rodney Hamilton, Huiyun Wu, John Mulder, and Haydar Frangoul. "Hospice Referral Practices for Children With Cancer: A Survey of Pediatric Oncologists." Journal of Clinical Oncology 24, no. 7 (March 1, 2006): 1099–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2005.02.6591.
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Purpose To examine hospice referral patterns among pediatric oncologists and identify barriers to referral. Methods A self-administered survey was sent to 1,200 pediatric oncologists who are members of Children's Oncology Group. Two electronic mail messages followed by traditional mail surveys were sent to eligible physicians. Pediatricians and pediatric oncologists developed, pretested, and modified the survey for item clarification. Results Of 944 eligible pediatric oncologists surveyed, 632 replied, yielding a response rate of 67%. Most respondents reported having access to palliative care programs (65%) and hospice services (85%), but few (27%) had access to inpatient hospice services. More respondents reported feeling comfortable managing end-of-life pain than psychological issues (86% v 67%, respectively). Many pediatric oncologists (62%) reported that half or more of their patients died in the hospital. In multivariate analysis, physicians with access to hospice that accepts patients receiving chemotherapy had more patients die at home than in hospital compared with physicians without access to such services (P = .007). The probability of hospice referral was positively associated with the presence of a hospice facility (P < .001) and with a larger size oncology group (P = .024). Only 2.5% of respondents referred patients at the time of relapse. Continued therapy was cited as the most common reason for not making a referral, and was significantly higher when hospice did not admit children receiving chemotherapy (P = .002). Conclusion Hospice referral for children with cancer is usually made late in the course of their disease and might improve if hospice admits patients who are actively receiving chemotherapy.