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Journal articles on the topic 'Main absorption in the stomach'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 2 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Dhanashri, Ghude* Rushikesh Bhanage Dr. Anil Pawar Dr. V. K. Deshmukh. "Floating Tablet A Gastro- Retentive Drug Delivery System: A Review." International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 3, no. 5 (2025): 3286–95. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15465743.

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Pharmaceutical research on oral drug delivery, particularly on the gastro-retentive drug delivery system known as the Floating Drug Delivery System (FDDS), has attracted a lot of interest from the pharmaceutical industry. GRDF stands for gastro-retentive dosage forms, which are dosage forms that can be retained in the stomach. With the help of GRDFs, the drug can be released to the upper portion of the GIT more continuously and for a longer period of time. This improves the bioavailability of drugs with limited therapeutic windows, lengthening the time between doses and enhance patient complia

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2

Takahashi, Toru, Miki Tokunaga, Tsutomu Okubo, Makoto Ozeki, Mahendra P. Kapoor, and Zenta Yasukawa. "Lower Rate of Water Absorption of an Oral Rehydration Solution with Partially Hydrolyzed Guar Gum in Conscious Rats." Nutrients 14, no. 20 (2022): 4231. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14204231.

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The purpose of the present study was to elucidate the rate of water absorption of an oral rehydration solution containing partially hydrolyzed guar gum (PHGG) in the small intestine, which is the main site of water absorption when water is drunk. Seven-week-old male SD rats were employed. We prepared four types of an aqueous solution, i.e., containing mineral and sugar, containing PHGG, containing mineral and sugar and PHGG, or containing no additives. After 24 h of food and 4 h of water deprivation, the aqueous solutions were infused into the stomach of conscious rats on their hands using a s

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3

Carabotti, Marilia, Bruno Annibale, and Edith Lahner. "Common Pitfalls in the Management of Patients with Micronutrient Deficiency: Keep in Mind the Stomach." Nutrients 13, no. 1 (2021): 208. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13010208.

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Micronutrient deficiencies are relatively common, in particular iron and cobalamin deficiency, and may potentially lead to life-threatening clinical consequences when not promptly recognized and treated, especially in elderly patients. The stomach plays an important role in the homeostasis of some important hematopoietic micronutrients like iron and cobalamin, and probably in others equally important such as ascorbic acid, calcium, and magnesium. A key role is played by the corpus oxyntic mucosa composed of parietal cells whose main function is gastric acid secretion and intrinsic factor produ

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4

Gupta, Pallavi, and Divya Nidhi. "STUDY OF GIT RELATED KOSHTHANGA W.S.R. TO PAKWASHAYA." International Ayurvedic Medical Journal 9, no. 7 (2021): 1466–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.46607/iamj2209072021.

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Human anatomy is the science where human body structures are designed to enable complete physiological action thus establishing homeostasis of the human body. Acharya Sushruta had a keen observation about the human body reflecting that without the absolute knowledge of Rachana Sharir. Chikitsak cannot be considered an expert. In Ayurveda, the part of G.I.T. is mentioned in Koshthanga by various Acharya. These Koshthanga are Aamashaya, Pakwashaya, Purishdhara, Uttarguda, Adharguda, Kshudrantra etc. which are situated within the koshtha. In modern anatomy, G.I.T. or Alimentary canal includes all

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Mukund, Jagtap Yogesh, Bhujbal Rohan Kantilal, and Ranpise Nisharani Sudhakar. "Floating microspheres: a review." Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 48, no. 1 (2012): 17–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1984-82502012000100003.

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Gastric emptying is a complex process, one that is highly variable and that makes in vivo performance of drug delivery systems uncertain. A controlled drug delivery system with prolonged residence time in the stomach can be of great practical importance for drugs with an absorption window in the upper small intestine. The main limitations are attributed to the inter- and intra-subject variability of gastro-intestinal (GI) transit time and to the non-uniformity of drug absorption throughout the alimentary canal. Floating or hydrodynamically controlled drug delivery systems are useful in such ap

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6

D’Ambrosio, Antonio, Fatjon Itaj, Filippo Cacace, and Vincenzo Piemonte. "Mathematical Modeling of the Gastrointestinal System for Preliminary Drug Absorption Assessment." Bioengineering 11, no. 8 (2024): 813. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering11080813.

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The objective of this study is to demonstrate the potential of a multicompartmental mathematical model to simulate the activity of the gastrointestinal system after the intake of drugs, with a limited number of parameters. The gastrointestinal system is divided into five compartments, modeled as both continuous systems with discrete events (stomach and duodenum) and systems with delay (jejunum, ileum, and colon). The dissolution of the drug tablet occurs in the stomach and is described through the Noyes–Whitney equation, with pH dependence expressed through the Henderson–Hasselbach relationshi

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7

Salini, C. "Controlled Porosity Osmotic Pump Tablets Containing Esomeprazole Double Walled Microspheres-An Overview." Journal of Pharma and Drug Regulatory Affairs 2, no. 1 (2019): 6–10. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3477822.

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<em>Esomeprazole is a BCS 11 compound, proton pump inhibitor used in the treatment of gastric, duodenal ulcer. The half-life of the drug is 4 hour. The drug has poor stability in acidic condition of the stomach. So, it is formulated into small sized and efficient carriers: the microspheres. To improve their residence time, bioadhesive characteristics can be coupled to develop mucoadhesive microspheres. Mucoadhesive microspheres are extensively used in targeted drug delivery due to their advantages like efficient absorption and improved bioavailability of the drugs and a much more intimate cont

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Oliveira, Aline S., Vilma M. Silva, Márcia C. C. Veloso, Gislaine V. Santos, and Jailson B. de Andrade. "Bromophenol concentrations in fish from Salvador, BA, Brazil." Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências 81, no. 2 (2009): 165–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0001-37652009000200002.

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The main objective of this work is to evaluate the occurrence of bromophenols (2bromophenol, 4bromophenol, 2,4dibromophenol, 2,6dibromophenol and 2,4,6tribromophenol), in the flesh and guts in two species of the LutjanidaeFamily: Lutjanus synagris and Ocyurus chrysurus. The bromophenols were extracted by steam distillation with pentaneether (7:3 v/v), identified by reverse phase High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLCUV), and quantified bythe externalstandard method. Total bromophenol concentrations were similar in the muscle of both species, rangingfrom 36 ng g¹ to 349 ng g¹. The total b

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9

Shkembi, Blerina, and Thom Huppertz. "Calcium Absorption from Food Products: Food Matrix Effects." Nutrients 14, no. 1 (2021): 180. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14010180.

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This article reviews physicochemical aspects of calcium absorption from foods. Notable differences are observed between different food products in relation to calcium absorption, which range from <10% to >50% of calcium in the foods. These differences can be related to the interactions of calcium with other food components in the food matrix, which are affected by various factors, including fermentation, and how these are affected by the conditions encountered in the gastrointestinal tract. Calcium absorption in the intestine requires calcium to be in an ionized form. The low pH in the s

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10

Sanjib, Bahadur, Manisha Sahu, Baghel Pragya, Yadu Kamesh, and Naurange Tripti. "An overview on various types of gastroretentive drug delivery system." ScienceRise: Pharmaceutical Science, no. 6(28) (December 30, 2020): 4–13. https://doi.org/10.15587/2519-4852.2020.211931.

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Gastro retentive drug delivery system is one of the approaches to achieve controlled drug delivery. The gastro retentive drug delivery system is a way to prolong residence time of active pharmaceutical ingredient in gastrointestinal tract. It is also applied for targeting drug in upper gastrointestinal tract for generating local and systemic effect. Controlled drug delivery creates a window of absorption that release drug for a longer duration of time before reaching absorption site. Gastro retentive drug delivery systems have gained wide variation of oral drug distribution in the area of late

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11

Louzao, M. Carmen, Paula Abal, Celia Costas, et al. "DSP Toxin Distribution across Organs in Mice after Acute Oral Administration." Marine Drugs 19, no. 1 (2021): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/md19010023.

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Okadaic acid (OA) and its main structural analogs dinophysistoxin-1 (DTX1) and dinophysistoxin-2 (DTX2) are marine lipophilic phycotoxins distributed worldwide that can be accumulated by edible shellfish and can cause diarrheic shellfish poisoning (DSP). In order to study their toxicokinetics, mice were treated with different doses of OA, DTX1, or DTX2 and signs of toxicity were recorded up to 24 h. Toxin distribution in the main organs from the gastrointestinal tract was assessed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) analysis. Our results indicate a dose-dependency in gastroin

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Louzao, M. Carmen, Paula Abal, Celia Costas, et al. "DSP Toxin Distribution across Organs in Mice after Acute Oral Administration." Marine Drugs 19, no. 1 (2021): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/md19010023.

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Okadaic acid (OA) and its main structural analogs dinophysistoxin-1 (DTX1) and dinophysistoxin-2 (DTX2) are marine lipophilic phycotoxins distributed worldwide that can be accumulated by edible shellfish and can cause diarrheic shellfish poisoning (DSP). In order to study their toxicokinetics, mice were treated with different doses of OA, DTX1, or DTX2 and signs of toxicity were recorded up to 24 h. Toxin distribution in the main organs from the gastrointestinal tract was assessed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) analysis. Our results indicate a dose-dependency in gastroin

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Tyssandier, Viviane, Emmanuelle Reboul, Jean-François Dumas, et al. "Processing of vegetable-borne carotenoids in the human stomach and duodenum." American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 284, no. 6 (2003): G913—G923. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.00410.2002.

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Carotenoids are thought to diminish the incidence of certain degenerative diseases, but the mechanisms involved in their intestinal absorption are poorly understood. Our aim was to obtain basic data on the fate of carotenoids in the human stomach and duodenum. Ten healthy men were intragastrically fed three liquid test meals differing only in the vegetable added 3 wk apart and in a random order. They contained 40 g sunflower oil and mashed vegetables as the sole source of carotenoids. Tomato purée provided 10 mg lycopene as the main carotenoid, chopped spinach (10 mg lutein), and carrot purée

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14

Yari, Pouya, Abbas Moazami Goudarzi, Mansour Ahmadi, Jalal Masoumi, and Somayeh Kamran Azad. "Influences of Conjugated Linoleic Acid on Poultry Products." International Journal of Life Sciences 9, no. 4 (2015): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijls.v9i4.12676.

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Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) has a potential role in the prevention of cancer tumors of the skin, breast, stomach and intestine. CLA also has the ability to prevent cardiovascular disease, atherosclerotic disease, diabetes, regulation of immune responses and change in body composition by reducing body fat. Fats that originated from the ruminants are the main sources of CLA. But poultry products are contain traces of these fatty acids. Fatty acids content in monogastric diets did not change after digestion and absorption, compared with ruminants. So use of synthetic CLA or its precursors, can

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15

Li, Zhuosi, Jiawen Zheng, Xiaolin Luo, Yuki Manabe, Takashi Hirata, and Tatsuya Sugawara. "Absorption and Tissue Distribution of Siphonaxanthin from Green Algae." Marine Drugs 18, no. 6 (2020): 291. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/md18060291.

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Siphonaxanthin has been known to possess inhibitory effects against obesity, inflammation, and angiogenesis. However, little information on its in vivo bioavailability and biotransformation is available. To assess the bioavailability and metabolism of siphonaxanthin, its absorption and accumulation were evaluated using intestinal Caco-2 cells and Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) mice. Siphonaxanthin was absorbed and exhibited non-uniform accumulation and distribution patterns in tissues of ICR mice. Notably, in addition to siphonaxanthin, three main compounds were detected following dietary

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16

Vasilevsky, Dmitrij I., Yuri I. Sedletsky, Kristina A. Anisimova, and Leysan I. Davletbaeva. "History of surgical treatment of obesity and metabolic disorders." Pediatrician (St. Petersburg) 9, no. 4 (2018): 87–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/ped9487-104.

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Surgery of obesity (bariatric surgery) as a separate area of medical science dates back its history from the middle of the previous century. The foundation for its development was based on the ideas of physiology of digestion, the causes and mechanisms of its disturbances that had been formed at that time. An important role was played by achievements in related areas of medicine: anesthesiology, transfusiology. Before that effective antibacterial drugs have already been created. Rich experience in various fields was brought for medicine by the Second World War. The return of society to pre-war

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17

Espinosa Plascencia, Angelica, and María del Carmen Bermúdez Almada. "Conociendo la cúrcuma (Curcuma longa L.) y sus propiedades beneficiosas para la salud." Alimentación y Ciencia de los Alimentos 3, no. 3 (2022): 4–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.32870/rayca.v3i3.5.

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This review presents a broad overview of the Curcuma longaL. (C. longa) plant, from its taxonomy, chemical composition of the rhizome and physicochemical characteristics, antiparasitic, antimicrobial and antiinflammatory properties. In medicine, turmeric can be used in preventive or therapeutic strategies due to its efficacy and pharmacokinetic safety, contributing to the treatment of cardiovascular, neurovegetative, metabolic, joint and digestive system protection diseases. Curcumin, one of the main components of C. longa, has a strong inhibitory potential to different microorganisms. Gel or

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18

Bhosale, Aishwarya Rajendra, Jitendra V. Shinde, and Rajashree S. Chavan. "A Comprehensive Review on Floating Drug Delivery System (FDDS)." Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics 10, no. 6 (2020): 174–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v10i6.4461.

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The main goal of any drug delivery system is to achieve desired concentration of the drug in blood or tissue, which is therapeutically effective and non-toxic for a prolonged period. Current pharmaceutical scenario focuses on the formulation of floating drug delivery system (FDDS). FDDS are low density systems that float over the gastric contents and remain buoyant in the stomach for a prolonged period of time without affecting the gastric emptying rate. The aim of writing this review is to compile the current literature with special focus on the principal mechanism of floatation to attain gas

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19

Borel, Patrick, Berengere Pasquier, Martine Armand, et al. "Processing of vitamin A and E in the human gastrointestinal tract." American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 280, no. 1 (2001): G95—G103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.2001.280.1.g95.

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We aimed to provide basic data on the processing of vitamin A and E in the human gastrointestinal tract and to assess whether the size of emulsion fat globules affects the bioavailability of these vitamins. Eight healthy men received intragastrically two lipid formulas differing in their fat-globule median diameter (0.7 vs. 10.1 μm). Formulas provided 28 mg vitamin A as retinyl palmitate and 440 mg vitamin E as all- rac α-tocopherol. Vitamins were measured in gastric and duodenal aspirates, as well as in chylomicrons, during the postprandial period. The gastric emptying rate of lipids and vita

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20

An, Jiulong, Yinxiao Zhang, Zhiwei Ying, et al. "The Formation, Structural Characteristics, Absorption Pathways and Bioavailability of Calcium–Peptide Chelates." Foods 11, no. 18 (2022): 2762. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods11182762.

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Calcium is one of the most important mineral elements in the human body and is closely related to the maintenance of human health. To prevent calcium deficiency, various calcium supplements have been developed, but their application tends to be limited by low calcium content and highly irritating effects on the stomach, among other side effects. Recently, calcium–peptide chelates, which have excellent stability and are easily absorbed, have received attention as an alternative emerging calcium supplement. Calcium-binding peptides (CaBP) are usually obtained via the hydrolysis of animal or plan

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21

Zakharova, I. N., and N. G. Sugyan. "Steatorrhea in young children: what to do?" Medical Council, no. 2 (February 16, 2019): 124–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.21518/2079-701x-2019-2-124-130.

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Making sure that the child is absorbing properly the main nutrients such as proteins, fats, carbohydrates, and vitamins, macro- and micronutrients is a key influencer when it comes to the harmonious growth and development. In infants, triglycerides digestion starts in the stomach, where three lipases – human milk, gastric and lingual lipases – split triglycerides. The participation of breast milk lipase stimulated by bile salts in the duodenum in splitting fats is an important feature of digestion in breastfed babies. The absorption of fatty acids differs depending on the length of the carbon

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Turac, Imola-Rebeka, Alina Porfire, Sonia Iurian, et al. "Expanding the Manufacturing Approaches for Gastroretentive Drug Delivery Systems with 3D Printing Technology." Pharmaceutics 16, no. 6 (2024): 790. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics16060790.

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Gastroretentive drug delivery systems (GRDDSs) have gained substantial attention in the last 20 years due to their ability to retain the drug in the stomach for an extended time, thus promoting an extended release and high bioavailability for a broad range of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) that are pH-sensitive and/or have a narrow absorption window. The currently existing GRDDSs include floating, expanding, mucoadhesive, magnetic, raft-forming, ion-exchanging, and high-density systems. Although there are seven types of systems, the main focus is on floating, expanding, and mucoadhes

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Montagne, Lucile, Gaëlle Boudry, Christine Favier, Isabelle Le Huërou-Luron, Jean-Paul Lallès, and Bernard Sève. "Main intestinal markers associated with the changes in gut architecture and function in piglets after weaning." British Journal of Nutrition 97, no. 1 (2007): 45–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s000711450720580x.

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We analysed the spatio-temporal sequence of events concerning the morphology, physiology and ecology of the gut of piglets during the 2 weeks following weaning, in order to provide a limited number of variables that could be relevant markers of the gut post-weaning changes. An experiment was conducted on sixty piglets fasted for 2 d, then administered a weaning diet with a moderate or a high content of wheat using controlled gastric feeding, and slaughtered at different time-points post-weaning. Sixty-nine variables were analysed by principal component analysis. The results showed that the tem

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Bryan, G. W., L. G. Hummerstone, and Eileen Ward. "Zinc Regulation in the Lobster Homarus Gammarus: Importance of Different Pathways of Absorption and Excretion." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 66, no. 1 (1986): 175–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315400039734.

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Zinc is one of the most important of the essential trace metals and more than 90 zinc-containing enymes and proteins have been discovered: furthermore, zinc increases the activity of many other enzymes (Vallee, 1978). It is not surprising, therefore, that in some groups of animals the body concentration is regulated against fluctuations in intake. Decapod crustaceans comprise one such group, although the ways in which regulation is achieved vary from species to species. In the freshwater crayfish, Austropotamobius pallipes, excretion in the faeces is a major pathway for removing zinc (Bryan, 1

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Lopez-Minguez, Jesus, Purificación Gómez-Abellán, and Marta Garaulet. "Timing of Breakfast, Lunch, and Dinner. Effects on Obesity and Metabolic Risk." Nutrients 11, no. 11 (2019): 2624. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11112624.

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(1) Background: Eating is fundamental to survival. Animals choose when to eat depending on food availability. The timing of eating can synchronize different organs and tissues that are related to food digestion, absorption, or metabolism, such as the stomach, gut, liver, pancreas, or adipose tissue. Studies performed in experimental animal models suggest that food intake is a major external synchronizer of peripheral clocks. Therefore, the timing of eating may be decisive in fat accumulation and mobilization and affect the effectiveness of weight loss treatments. (2) Results: We will review mu

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26

Tzankova, Diana, Lily Peikova, and Maya Georgieva. "PRELIMINARY DETERMINATION OF HYDROLYTIC STABILITY OF A PYRROLE-BASED HYDRAZIDE AND ITS HYDRAZONE." CBU International Conference Proceedings 6 (September 25, 2018): 1192–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.12955/cbup.v6.1314.

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A validated UV/VIS method for preliminary determination of the chemical stability and stability in close to physiological conditions of a model pyrrole hydrazide and its corresponding derivative, bearing susceptible to hydrolysis hydrazone group was developed. The evaluated substances were subjected to the influence of a variety of pH medias, representing the main physiological values of 37°C and corresponding pH values in the stomach (pH 2.0), blood (pH 7.4) and small intestine (pH 9.0). The chemical stability at strong alkali media of pH 13.0 was also evaluated. The hydrazide was found to be

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27

Janhavi, Chaudhari* Dr. Prashant Malpure Rahul Arote Dr. Gokul Talele. "Floating Microspheres in Diabetes Treatment: A Comprehensive Review." International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 3, no. 3 (2025): 1709–17. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15046943.

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Blood glucose control is necessary for the management of diabetes mellitus, and this frequently calls for taking many daily doses of antidiabetic medications. Offering enhanced bioavailability and extended drug release, floating microspheres have emerged as a viable gastroretentive drug delivery technology for antidiabetic medications. Among the most common types, floating microspheres have several advantages. To prevent the impulses of gastric emptying and release the medication for an extended amount of time, they disperse evenly throughout the gastric fluid. Because of their ability to floa

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Lisetskaya, Lyudmila G., and Evgeny A. Titov. "Copper distribution in organs and tissues of albino rats under oral administration of nanocomposite of copper oxide encapsulated in a polymeric matrix of arabinogalactan." Hygiene and sanitation 99, no. 10 (2020): 1145–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.47470/0016-9900-2020-99-10-1145-1148.

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Introduction. Based on arabinogalactan, a complex of hybrid nanobiocomposites has been created, which carry a balanced amount of macro- and microelements necessary for the body. A feature of the action of nanoparticles on the body is their ability to easily penetrate all organs and tissues. The aim of the work is to study the effect of copper arabinogalactan on the content of copper in the main tissues and organs of rats. Material and methods. The content of copper in organs and tissues of rats after a 10-day intragastric administration of a solution of copper arabinogalactan in a dose of 500

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Zhang, Ke, Yujing Liang, Chuang Ma, et al. "Stomata as the Main Pathway for the Penetration of Atmospheric Particulate Matter Pb into Wheat Leaves." Toxics 13, no. 3 (2025): 185. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics13030185.

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The absorption of atmospheric particulate matter lead (APM-Pb) by wheat leaves is the primary source of Pb in wheat grains, yet the mechanisms of how wheat leaves absorb Pb remain unclear. In this study, spraying Pb(NO3)2 (Treatment T1) and spraying PbS (Treatment T2) were used as soluble and insoluble Pb, respectively, to evaluate the primary pathways of APM-Pb absorption by wheat leaves, as well as the translocation and accumulation patterns of Pb within the wheat plant. The results showed that both soluble and insoluble Pb can be absorbed by wheat leaves. Compared to the control group (CK),

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Nilwani, Krutika S., Hemalata Wadkar, Aishwarya R. Ghanwat, and Shital P. Narwade. "A Review on In-Situ Nasal Gel." International Journal of Research and Review 12, no. 1 (2025): 603–11. https://doi.org/10.52403/ijrr.20250168.

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In situ gelling drug delivery techniques have garnered a lot of interest in the last ten years. When exposed to a range of endogenous stimuli, such as temperature increases, pH shifts, and the presence of ions, they can gel from their sol-state prior to injection. Systems can be given in a number of ways to facilitate the injection of a local or systemic treatment. They can also be used as efficient carriers for drug-carrying nanoparticles and microparticles. either natural, synthetic, or combined with a semi-artificial polymer that exhibits in situ gelling activity. In order to extend the tim

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González-Arias, C. A., S. Marín, V. Sanchis, and A. J. Ramos. "Mycotoxin bioaccessibility/absorption assessment using in vitro digestion models: a review." World Mycotoxin Journal 6, no. 2 (2013): 167–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/wmj2012.1521.

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In the evaluation of the oral bioavailability of a mycotoxin, the first step is the determination of its bioaccessibility, i.e. the percentage of mycotoxin released from the food matrix during digestion in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract that could be absorbed through the intestinal epithelium. Different in vitro digestion models have been recently used for determination of bioaccessibility, thereby avoiding the use of more complex cell culture techniques or the use of animals in expensive in vivo experiments. In vitro methods offer an appealing alternative to human and animal studies. They us

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Gaurav, Vinod Mundhe. "A Review On Floating Drug Delivery System." International Journal in Pharmaceutical Sciences 2, no. 3 (2024): 589–600. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10827782.

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In recent years scientific and technological advancements have been made  in the research and development of new drug delivery systems have been made by resolving physiological  disorders, such as short gastric residence periods and unpredictable gastric emptying times.  Gastroretentive Dosage forms (GRDF)which will be hold within  the stomach. Multiple methods utilized in the prolongation of gastric duration are floating drug delivery system, swelling and expanding system, polymeric bio-adhesive system, high density system and other  delayed gastric emptying system. M

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Gaponov, N. V., E. V. Shmat, and M. A. Amirokov. "Biometric and histopathological parameters of rainbow trout with a decrease in animal protein content in the diet." Innovations and Food Safety, no. 4 (March 25, 2025): 74–81. https://doi.org/10.31677/2311-0651-2024-46-4-74-81.

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Comparative studies of the effect of replacing animal protein with vegetable protein in the diet structure on biometric indices and histopathologic indices of rainbow trout liver were carried out on biological models of rainbow trout. Inclusion of white lupine with a shell in the composition of mixed fodder led to an increase in the weight of the intestine. In the 1st experimental group in relation to the control the mass of intestine increased by 26,3 %, in the 2nd experimental group it decreased by 22 %. The main place of absorption is the anterior intestine and the area adjacent to the pylo

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El Mohsen, Manal Abd, Joanne Marks, Gunter Kuhnle, et al. "Absorption, tissue distribution and excretion of pelargonidin and its metabolites following oral administration to rats." British Journal of Nutrition 95, no. 1 (2006): 51–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/bjn20051596.

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Recent reports have demonstrated various cardiovascular and neurological benefits associated with the consumption of foods rich in anthocyanidins. However, information regarding absorption, metabolism, and especially, tissue distribution are only beginning to accumulate. In the present study, we investigated the occurrence and the kinetics of various circulating pelargonidin metabolites, and we aimed at providing initial information with regard to tissue distribution. Based on HPLC and LC-MS analyses we demonstrate that pelargonidin is absorbed and present in plasma following oral gavage to ra

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Zhivkov, Alexandar M., Svetlana H. Hristova, and Trifon T. Popov. "Anticancer Nanoparticle Carriers of the Proapoptotic Protein Cytochrome c." Pharmaceutics 17, no. 3 (2025): 305. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics17030305.

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This review discusses the literature data on the synthesis, physicochemical properties, and cytotoxicity of composite nanoparticles bearing the mitochondrial protein cytochrome c (cytC), which can act as a proapoptotic mediator in addition to its main function as an electron carrier in the electron transport chain. The introduction of exogenous cytC via absorption of carrier particles, the phagocytosis of colloid particles of submicrometric size, or the receptor-mediated endocytosis of nanoparticles in cancer cells, initiates the process of apoptosis—a multistage cascade of biochemical reactio

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Patil S. V., Salokhe P. A., Patil S. S., Ustad J. Y., and Shedbale S. S. "Formulation and Evaluation of Bio-adhesive Pulsatile Drug Delivery System of Telmisartan." International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences 11, no. 2 (2020): 1282–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.26452/ijrps.v11i2.1982.

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The main objective of this study was to formulate and evaluate of Bio-adhesive pulsatile drug delivery system of Telmisartan, an anti-hypertensive drug in order to achieve better therapeutic efficacy and patient compliance. The approach of combination of bio-adhesive pulsatile formulation is suitable for gastro retention and time specific drug delivery. The study was carried by preparation of fast disintegrating core tablet followed by incorporation of core tablet to design bio-adhesive pulsatile tablet by press coating. The press coated tablet was prepared with the polymersethyl cellulose and

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Medici, Emília P., Renata Carolina Fernandes-Santos, Caroline Testa-José, Antonio Francisco Godinho, and Anne-Fleur Brand. "Lowland tapir exposure to pesticides and metals in the Brazilian Cerrado." Wildlife Research 48, no. 5 (2021): 393. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr19183.

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Abstract ContextThe Cerrado is a Global Biodiversity Hotspot as well as Brazil’s main frontier for large-scale agriculture and livestock production, making it one of the most threatened biomes in the country. Brazil is one of the biggest consumers of pesticides in the world and allows the use of chemicals that are banned in many other countries due to their adverse health effects in a wide range of species, including humans. AimsThis study aimed to assess pesticide and metal exposure of the lowland tapir – a threatened, large herbivorous mammal – to support future studies of the role of these

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Orrego-Lagarón, Naiara, Miriam Martínez-Huélamo, Anna Vallverdú-Queralt, Rosa M. Lamuela-Raventos, and Elvira Escribano-Ferrer. "High gastrointestinal permeability and local metabolism of naringenin: influence of antibiotic treatment on absorption and metabolism." British Journal of Nutrition 114, no. 2 (2015): 169–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114515001671.

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The present study aims to determine the permeability of naringenin in the stomach, small intestine and colon, to evaluate intestinal and hepatic first-pass metabolism, and to study the influence of the microbiota on the absorption and disposition of naringenin (3·5 μg/ml). A single-pass intestinal perfusion model in mice (n4–6) was used. Perfusate (every 10 min), blood (at 60 min) and bile samples were taken and analysed to evaluate the presence of naringenin and its metabolites by an HPLC-MS/MS method. To study the influence of the microbiota on the bioavailability of naringenin, a group of a

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Sidorov, A. V. "Antithrombotic effect of different acetylsalicylic acid drug formulations: is there a difference?" Russian Journal of Cardiology 26, no. 10 (2021): 4734. http://dx.doi.org/10.15829/1560-4071-2021-4734.

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To date, a sufficient volume of clinical studies has been accumulated that have demonstrated a reduced antiplatelet effect of enteric-coated (EC) lowdose acetylsalicylic acid (ASA). Delayed and incomplete absorption from the intestinal alkaline medium, which significantly reduces the bioavailability of drug, is considered the main reason for laboratory aspirin resistance (pseudoresistance) to EC ASA. This phenomenon is of particular importance for patients with acute coronary syndrome, when a quick effect is required, as well as for patients with diabetes and obesity due to additional causes o

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Gazzaniga, Andrea, Saliha Moutaharrik, Ilaria Filippin, et al. "Time-Based Formulation Strategies for Colon Drug Delivery." Pharmaceutics 14, no. 12 (2022): 2762. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics14122762.

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Despite poor absorption properties, delivery to the colon of bioactive compounds administered by the oral route has become a focus of pharmaceutical research over the last few decades. In particular, the high prevalence of Inflammatory Bowel Disease has driven interest because of the need for improved pharmacological treatments, which may provide high local drug concentrations and low systemic exposure. Colonic release has also been explored to deliver orally biologics having gut stability and permeability issues. For colon delivery, various technologies have been proposed, among which time-de

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Li, Jie, Luping Ma, Cheng Wang, Pengju Jiang, Pengfei Cui, and Jianhao Wang. "Rationally Designed Oral DOX Gels for Colon-Specific Administration." Gels 8, no. 12 (2022): 759. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/gels8120759.

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Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third leading cause of death from cancer in both men and women. Traditional CRC dosage forms deliver the drug to both desired and unwanted sites of drug action, resulting in a number of negative side effects. Chemotherapeutic and chemopreventive agents are being targeted and delivered directly to the colon and rectum using targeted oral drug delivery systems. The main challenge in successfully targeting drugs to the colon via the oral route is avoiding drug absorption/degradation in the stomach and small intestine before the dosage form reaches the colon. In this

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Zhu, Xiao-min, Yuan-wen Kuang, Dan Xi, Jiong Li, and Fa-guo Wang. "Absorption of Hazardous Pollutants by a Medicinal FernBlechnum orientaleL." BioMed Research International 2013 (2013): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/192986.

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A Chinese medicinal fernBlechnum orientale(Linn) was separately collected from polluted and unpolluted sites to determine whether it could accumulate hazardous pollutants or not. Metal concentrations (Cu, Zn, Mn, Pb, Cd, Cr, As, and Hg) both in the fronds and roots and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the fronds of this fern were quantified. At both sites, roots ofB. orientalehad significantly higher heavy metals than the fronds. Concentrations of Pb, As, Hg, Cd, and Cu in the fronds at the polluted site were more than 2, 6, 7, 14, 5, and 13 times of those at the unpolluted site. Tra

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Schiessel, Dalton Luiz, Amanda Kamitani Góis Orrutéa, Sabrina Eduarda da Silva, et al. "Perda de peso em pacientes oncológicos: prevalência e prognóstico relacionados a sexo, idade, localização do tumor e sintomas de impacto nutricional." Braspen Journal 35, no. 1 (2020): 84–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.37111/braspenj.2020351014.

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ABSTRACT Introduction: Cancer causes an increase in nutritional demands and the presence of of nutritional impact symptoms (NIS) contributes to reduction of nutrient intake and absorption, leading to weight loss, malnutrition and predicting overall survival. Assess the prevalence and predict the weight loss related to cancer, the Grade Scheme and the NIS. Methods: Data were collected from 2012 to 2018 from the first nutritional consultation of cancer patients in a clinic linked to SUS in the city of Guarapuava-PR. The primary outcome was to determine the % of weight loss (% WL), NIS and by the

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Svistushkin, V. M., Zh T. Mokoyan, and A. E. Babaeva. "Acute bacterial sinusitis: current concepts in antibiotic therapy." Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council, no. 7 (May 3, 2023): 14–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.21518/ms2023-065.

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Acute rhinosinusitis is a widespread pathology faced by both outpatient doctors and otorhinolaryngologists in hospitals. At the same time, only understanding of the principles for diagnosing various forms of sinusitis, in particular, the criteria for bacterial sinusitis, provides the adequate treatment decisions. Antibacterial therapy plays a key role in the treatment of patients with acute bacterial sinusitis. Additionally, there is an increasing frequency of the antibiotic resistance of the main bacterial pathogens in the respiratory group of diseases. Both in Russian and foreign clinical gu

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Khokhlov, A. L., A. O. Mariandyshev, V. S. Shcherbakova та ін. "Effect of physicochemical properties on the pharmacokinetic parameters of the new representative of benzothiazinones antituberculosis drug macozinonе". Terapevticheskii arkhiv 92, № 12 (2020): 165–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.26442/00403660.2020.12.200482.

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Introduction.Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the top ten causes of death worldwide. Improvement of the treatment options via development of new drugs and treatment regimens that would be more convenient for patients is one of key options of improving the effecacy of the TB prevention and careis. Since the creation of new treatment regimens by minimizing the number of the drugs used and reducing the duration of treatment is the most promising and correct direction, macozinone, a new candidate of the benzothiazinone series, can become the basis for development of new chemotherapy regimens for drug-r

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Ross, Alastair B., Martin J. Shepherd, Knud Erik Bach Knudsen, et al. "Absorption of dietary alkylresorcinols in ileal-cannulated pigs and rats." British Journal of Nutrition 90, no. 4 (2003): 787–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/bjn2003965.

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Alkylresorcinols (AR) are amphiphilic 1,3-dihydroxy-5-alkyl phenolic lipids. AR in food are only found in the outer layers of wheat and rye grains, and in whole grains are present at concentrations of 500–1000 μg/g. In wheat and rye, there are five main homologues, differing in the length of the odd-numbered alkyl chain (from seventeen to twenty-five C atoms long). Because AR may be bioactive, and might serve as biomarkers for these cereals, their absorption was investigated in model experiments with pigs and rats. Pigs with a cannula in the terminal ileum were fed four diets containing rye fr

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Peloquin, Charles A., Amy E. Bulpitt, George S. Jaresko, Roger W. Jelliffe, Gordon T. James, and David E. Nix. "Pharmacokinetics of Pyrazinamide under Fasting Conditions, with Food, and with Antacids." Pharmacotherapy: The Journal of Human Pharmacology and Drug Therapy 18, no. 6 (1998): 1205–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1875-9114.1998.tb03138.x.

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Study Objectives. To determine intrasubject and intersubject variability in, and the effects of food and antacids on, the pharmacokinetics of pyrazinamide (PZA).Design. Randomized, four‐period, crossover phase I study.Subjects. Fourteen healthy men and women volunteers.Interventions. Subjects ingested single doses of PZA 30 mg/kg under fasting conditions twice, without a high‐fat meal and with an aluminum‐magnesium antacid. They also received standard dosages of isoniazid, rifampin, and ethambutol.Measurements and Main Results. Serum was collected for 48 hours and assayed by gas chromatography

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Ferrara, Lydia. "Food and diseases: how to take food properly to get the maximum benefits while protecting our bodies from diseases." International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Applications 10, no. 2 (2025): 769–803. https://doi.org/10.35629/4494-1002769803.

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The link between food and health has been known for a long time: Hippocrates in 400 B.C. said "Let food be your medicine and medicine be your food". Considering food as a medicine means being aware of the benefits we can obtain and taking care of our health. Stomach, liver, pancreas, intestine and kidneys are the organs that make up the digestive system and allow the processing and absorption of food with the elimination of undigested food residues. A correct diet is essential for a healthy lifestyle and to achieve this goal it is necessary to follow diets that recommend both the type of foods

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Petrayevsky, A. V., K. S. Trishkin, and I. A. Gndoyan. "Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension: Current Neuroophthalmologic Points." Ophthalmology in Russia 18, no. 4 (2021): 791–800. http://dx.doi.org/10.18008/1816-5095-2021-4-791-800.

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Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (ICH) is a neuroophophthalmologic syndrome, the main ophthalmologic symptoms of which are vision loss and bilateral swelling of optic nerve disks (OD). The article provides a review covering various aspects of ICH. Epidemiology: ICH occurs mainly in women aged 20–45 years with body overweight. In this group of patients world incidence is 12–20 per 100 000 of population per year. In the total population it represents 0.5–2 cases per 100 000 of population per year. The eightfold gender predominance of women with ICH is observed. Etiology is not fully known un

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Kumar, Palanirajan V., Marwan A. Abdelkarim Maki, Yeong S. Wei, et al. "Rabbit as an Animal Model for Pharmacokinetics Studies of Enteric Capsule Contains Recombinant Human Keratinocyte Growth Factor Loaded Chitosan Nanoparticles." Current Clinical Pharmacology 14, no. 2 (2019): 132–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1574884714666181120103907.

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Background: Recombinant human keratinocyte growth factor (rHuKGF) has gained considerable attention by researchers as epithelial cells proliferating agent. Moreover, intravenous truncated rHuKGF (palifermin) has been approved by Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to treat and prevent chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis and small intestine ulceration. The labile structure and short circulation time of rHuKGF in-vivo are the main obstacles that reduce the oral bioactivity and dosage of such proteins at the target site. Objective: Formulation of methacrylic acid-methyl methacrylate copolymer-coat

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