Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Maïs – Racines (botanique)'
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Marchand, Anne-Laure. "Etude de la rhizodéposition chez le mai͏̈s : influence de la distribution des photo-assimilats aux racines et de la morphologie racinaire." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2003. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/INPL_T_2003_MARCHAND_A_L.pdf.
Full textTodorovic, Christine. "Dynamique d'utilisation des assimilats carbones dans la rhizosphère du maïs : étude la respiration rhizosphérique." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000INPL072N.
Full textBaudoin, Ezékiel. "Impact des rhizodépôts du mai͏̈s sur la structure des communautés bactériennes telluriques." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001INPL597N.
Full textAlonso, Ana Paula. "Métabolisme des sucres dans les pointes de racines de mai͏̈s : influence des cycles de substrat dans la répartition des flux de carbone." Bordeaux 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003BOR21052.
Full textIn maize root tips, sucrose is converted to sugar phosphates used for carbohydrates biosynthesis or degraded by respiration in order to produce ATP. Now this ATP is largely wasted by substrate cycles. In this work we have studied the partitioning of sugars in primary metabolism and the effect of these cycles on this partitioning. We have developed an association of labellings based approach allowing determination of 28 fluxes implied in metabolism of sugars. We have shown existence of glucose 6-P cycle, the major substrate cycle in maize root tips. This approach has been applied to maize mutant for Susy and then in hypoxia condition. Reduction of Susy activity drives only to an increase of wall flow and a decrease of respiration flow. Hypoxia induces a reduction of all the substrate cycles but their importance in term of ATP consumption remains high
Ehlert, Christina. "Importance de la conductivité hydraulique racinaire pour le contrôle de la croissance foliaire chez le maïs (Zea mays L. )." Montpellier SupAgro, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008NSAM0007.
Full textIn maize, leaf growth reduction by increased evaporative demand appeared to depend on either plant water status (Hsiao et al. , 1998) and/or soil-to-root hydraulic conductivity (Bouchabke et al. , 2006). Difficulties in controlling soil-to-root characteristics has hindered to evaluate their role in plant responses to evaporative demand. The discovery of aquaporins and the recent insights into their gating properties offered the possibility to assess the role of root water uptake characteristics, in particular hydraulic conductivity of the roots (Lpr) for leaf growth rate and water flow in intact plants. In this thesis, Lpr reductions were induced by a range of treatments which affected Lpr by aquaporin down-regulation such as acid root loading, anoxia and hydrogen peroxide. These treatments were combined with a range of evaporative demands, and short term responses of leaf elongation rate, water flow and water potentials were followed. It was concluded that, firstly, aquaporins controlled an important part of the water transport across maize roots with primary impacts on water potential gradient rather than on water flow. Secondly, the Lpr controlled the responsiveness of leaf elongation rate to fluctuating evaporative demand. Thirdly, turgor pressure of growing cells responded like leaf elongation rate to combined changes in root hydraulic conductivity and plant transpiration rate, and could therefore explain the interactive effects of water availability and evaporative demand on leaf growth. A modelling approach was developed to further support this conclusion. Lastly, on a short term time scale, anoxia inhibited maize leaf growth following the same hydraulic signalling cascade as induced by pharmacological treatments targeting root aquaporin inactivation. We conclude that environmental conditions affecting Lpr, such as anoxia, class this variable as a putative strong determinant for whole plant adaptation to environmental stresses
Basset, Gilles. "Etude du protéasome 20S dans des racines de mai͏̈s : relation entre carence carbonée, oxydation des protéines et protéasome." Bordeaux 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000BOR28778.
Full textChaboud, Annie. "Etude des sécrétions racinaires de Zea mays : caractérisation in situ, isolement et analyse biochimique en conditions contrôlées." Lyon 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988LYO10005.
Full textPiutti, Séverine. "Évaluation de l'impact de la culture de plantes d'intérêt agronomique (blé, maîs, colza et soja) sur la biodégradation de produits phytosanitaires (atrazine, diclofop-méthyl, bentazone, diuron, isoproturon et pendiméthaline) dans le sol : analyse phénoménologique et moléculaire de la stimulation de la biodégradation de l'atrazine dans la rhizosphère du mai͏̈s." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001INPL588N.
Full textDieuaide-Noubhani, Martine. "Etude in vivo et in vitro du métabolisme carbone de pointes de racines de mai͏̈s : effet de la carence en glucose sur les activités de B-oxydation." Bordeaux 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993BOR28260.
Full textMachinet, Gaylord Erwan. "Utilisation de la variabilité génétique du maïs pour évaluer le rôle de la qualité chimique des racines sur le processus de décomposition dans les sols." Reims, 2009. http://theses.univ-reims.fr/exl-doc/GED00001012.pdf.
Full textSince several years, plant roots aroused a new interest due to the environmental concern of their C input and storage in soils after decomposition subsequent to plant death or harvest. To better understand the role of the chemical quality of roots on their decomposition in soils and associated C dynamics, sixteen maize roots of hybrids and of brown-midrib mutants were used. These genotypes were earlier characterized by variations in the cell wall quality of above ground organs with respect to forage digestibility. The variations of root chemical quality were observed mainly on the cell wall polymers content and composition (polysaccharides and lignin). They translated into large differences in the kinetics of C mineralization during decomposition. The characterization of initial cell wall quality of the 16 roots together with the detailed study of the changes in cell wall quality during decomposition for 4 contrasted genotypes evidenced the role of soluble C on the short term, lignin fraction of the longer term, and the role of the organization of the cell walls in decomposition. .
Sentenac, Hervé. "Relation structure-fonction dans la racine : effets du squelette pariétal sur les transports membranaires." Montpellier 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988MON20210.
Full textGaltier, Nathalie. "Reconstitution de systèmes de transport ionique des végétaux dans des vésicules et des membranes planes." Montpellier 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990MON20252.
Full textTremblay-Boeuf, Valérie. "Effets des contraintes mécaniques sur l'exsudation racinaire du maïs." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995INPL079N.
Full textAgeorges, Agnès. "Analyse comparative des électrophorégrammes bidimensionnels pour la recherche des polypeptides de la membrane plasmique de racines de mai͏̈s impliqués dans le transport de nitrate." Montpellier 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992MON20091.
Full textLaheurte, Fabienne. "Recherches sur quelques mécanismes d'intéractions rhizosphériques en modèles expérimentaux : altération microbienne et racinaire, exsudation et humification." Nancy 1, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985NAN10384.
Full textReydellet, Itto. "Effet de la rhizosphère du maïs sur la minéralisation brute de l'azote dans un sol ferrugineux tropical (Burkina Faso)." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997INPL083N.
Full textSt, Marty-Fleurence Fabienne. "Solubilisation, purification et reconstitution de la H+-ATPase du plasmalemme de racine de mai͏̈s (Zea mays L. )." Montpellier 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988MON20029.
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