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Academic literature on the topic 'Maize – Seeds – Viability'
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Journal articles on the topic "Maize – Seeds – Viability"
1
Sudarmonowati, Enny, I. Fitryatmi, and S. Sadjad. "CRYOPRESERVATION OF TRUE-SEED AND EMBRYO OF MAIZE AND SOYBEAN FOR LONG-TERM STORAGE." Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science 2, no. 2 (2016): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.21082/ijas.v2n2.2001.31-36.
Full textAbstract:
<br />Study on cryopreservation of Indonesian local cultivars and improved varieties of maize and soybean has never been done. This method may be used for long-term preservation of seeds of maize and soybean. In this study, the method was applied to maize and soybean, Arjuna and Wilis respectively, as a model for preserving germplasm of ortodox seeds. Whole seeds and excised embryos of both varieties were subjected to two methods of cryopreservation, i.e., two-stage cooling and rapid freezing with or without 15% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as cryoprotectant solution prior to immersion in liquid nitrogen (-196oC). Results indicated that there was no significant difference between the use of DMSO for both species in terms of viability, although pretreatment in DMSO was slightly reduced the percentage of viability of both species. Slow freezing to -30oC prior to immersion in the liquid nitrogen could give as high as 76.67% and 51.67% surviving whole seeds of maize and soybean, respectively. Preserving excised embryos of maize in the liquid nitrogen using either slow or rapid freezing significantly reduced the percentage of viability from 20-76.67% to 5-18.33% (four folds) depending on treatments applied. Results also showed that one day or 15 minutes of immersion of samples in the liquid nitrogen gave rise to similar values of viability of maize and soybean, i.e., 20-60% and 20-51.67%, respectively depending on treatments applied. These results implied that for long-term storage of maize and soybean seeds as they could survive at the rate of 76.67% and 51.67% respectively, the seed can be treated by prefreezing to -30oC<br />without the presence of DMSO prior to immersion in liquid nitrogen.<br /><br />
2
Sudarmonowati, Enny, I. Fitryatmi, and S. Sadjad. "CRYOPRESERVATION OF TRUE-SEED AND EMBRYO OF MAIZE AND SOYBEAN FOR LONG-TERM STORAGE." Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science 2, no. 2 (2016): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.21082/ijas.v2n2.2001.p31-36.
Full textAbstract:
<br />Study on cryopreservation of Indonesian local cultivars and improved varieties of maize and soybean has never been done. This method may be used for long-term preservation of seeds of maize and soybean. In this study, the method was applied to maize and soybean, Arjuna and Wilis respectively, as a model for preserving germplasm of ortodox seeds. Whole seeds and excised embryos of both varieties were subjected to two methods of cryopreservation, i.e., two-stage cooling and rapid freezing with or without 15% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as cryoprotectant solution prior to immersion in liquid nitrogen (-196oC). Results indicated that there was no significant difference between the use of DMSO for both species in terms of viability, although pretreatment in DMSO was slightly reduced the percentage of viability of both species. Slow freezing to -30oC prior to immersion in the liquid nitrogen could give as high as 76.67% and 51.67% surviving whole seeds of maize and soybean, respectively. Preserving excised embryos of maize in the liquid nitrogen using either slow or rapid freezing significantly reduced the percentage of viability from 20-76.67% to 5-18.33% (four folds) depending on treatments applied. Results also showed that one day or 15 minutes of immersion of samples in the liquid nitrogen gave rise to similar values of viability of maize and soybean, i.e., 20-60% and 20-51.67%, respectively depending on treatments applied. These results implied that for long-term storage of maize and soybean seeds as they could survive at the rate of 76.67% and 51.67% respectively, the seed can be treated by prefreezing to -30oC<br />without the presence of DMSO prior to immersion in liquid nitrogen.<br /><br />
3
Nerling, Daniele, Cileide Maria Medeiros Coelho, and Adriele Brümmer. "Biochemical profiling and its role in physiological quality of maize seeds." Journal of Seed Science 40, no. 1 (2018): 7–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1545v40n1172734.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract: Viability and vigor of seeds are physiological attributes influenced by a myriad of factors including the genotype. Biochemical profiling of maize seeds and its correlation with their physiological quality is of crucial importance in breeding programs that the aim is seeds of better quality. The main goal of this study was to analyze the genetic diversity among maize inbred lines and evaluate the biochemical components that have an important role in physiological quality of seeds. The seeds of the inbred lines and hybrids were submitted to viability test, vigor by the accelerated aging and cold tolerance, and biochemical profiling (total protein content, soluble proteins, total phosphorus, phytate, inorganic phosphorus, starch and soluble sugars). The genetic divergence between the inbred lines found, prompt us to conclude that genetic gains may exist in association with physiological quality of maize hybrids. Seeds with higher inorganic phosphorus and soluble sugars presented superior physiological quality than seeds with lower levels of those compounds.
4
Tamindžić, Gordana, Maja Ignjatov, Dragana Milošević, et al. "Assessment of quality and viability of primed maize seed." Ratarstvo i povrtarstvo 57, no. 3 (2020): 87–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/ratpov57-26575.
Full textAbstract:
Good crop establishment is essential for achieving high yield and constraints to good establishment include untimely sowing and low seed quality combined with various adverse growing conditions after sowing. Seed priming is a pre-sowing technique used for the improvement of germination, reduction of the time from sowing to emergence and improvement of emergence uniformity. Various seed priming techniques, such as hydropriming and priming with zinc, are used nowadays to improve crop establishment. The importance of seed priming with zinc for better germination, improved stand establishment, and higher maize yield are well documented. However, there is still a lack of results on the effects of seed priming with water and zinc on seed quality and viability, given that maize seed can be kept in storage for many years without a significant reduction in germination. The study was aimed to evaluate the effects of seed priming with water and Zn on the quality and viability of the maize seed. In order to evaluate the response of four maize hybrids to priming with water (hydropriming) and 4 mM zinc sulphate, primed seeds were subjected to laboratory tests, namely to the germination test, the cold test, and the accelerated aging test. Both priming treatments increased the seed quality, but the beneficial effect of Zn-priming maintained to a larger extent than hydropriming in cold-treated and aged seeds. The negative effects of hydropriming on the viability o f the aged seed of hybrid NS 4023 imply a possible limitation to deferred sowing of primed maize seed.
5
Davidson, K. G. V., S. Sowa, F. D. Moore, and E. E. Roos. "Maize seed response to successive imbibition/dryback cycles: viability and vigour." Seed Science Research 4, no. 4 (1994): 431–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0960258500002488.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractElectroconductivity tests are currently used for seed vigour assessment. They are rapid and simple and after further development, they may yet provide the seed industry with a non-destructive alternative to the standard germination test, which is thoroughly destructive to the sample, time consuming, and expensive. Seed injury, a result of soaking required by the electroconductivity test, was evaluated using high quality Zea mays L. seeds responding to successive imbibition/dryback cycles. If the soaking time is brief, injury to the seeds should be minimal, thus permitting successive tests on the same sample. We tested 5 imbibition/dryback cycles (C) and 5 imbibition periods, or cycle durations (CD) of 2, 4, 6, 7 and 8 h. Dryback periods lasted 5–7 d at room temperature. Seeds were permitted to dry back to 10% moisture. Electroconductivity readings were obtained at the end of each CD for each C. Each treatment (C × CD) sample, n=100 seeds, was germinated at 25°C for 7 d; radicle lengths were measured after 3 d. The experiment was repeated yielding a total of 50 observations. Viability and vigour losses were measured in response to successive C and increasing CD. Five cycles of 6 h each resulted in only a 10% loss of viability, but a 20% loss of relative vigour, confirming that vigour is more sensitive to the testing procedure. Cycles had the greatest effect on loss of seed quality since 45% of the readily leachable electrolytes were lost from the seeds during the first soaking period. There was no interaction between C and CD.
6
Nagel, Manuela, and Andreas Börner. "The longevity of crop seeds stored under ambient conditions." Seed Science Research 20, no. 1 (2009): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0960258509990213.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractThe ability of crop seeds to retain their viability over extended periods of uncontrolled temperature and/or relative humidity conditions has not been widely investigated, although this is an important issue for genebank management. We report here the response of 18 crop species to storage for up to 26 years at 20.3 ± 2.3°C and 50.5 ± 6.3% relative humidity. Germination rates decreased in a sigmoid fashion, but the curve parameters were species characteristic. Pea, common bean and maize seeds retained their viability over the longest period (23, 21 and 19 years, respectively). In contrast, chive seeds survived for only 5 years and lettuce for 7 years. In addition to this interspecific variability, there were also indices for intraspecific variability, particularly in bean and chive seeds, just as in collard, lupin, poppy, wheat and maize seeds. A significant correlation was obtained between germination performance in the laboratory and seedling emergence following autumn sowing. Seeds in which oil was the major seed storage component were more short lived, whereas carbohydrates or proteins did not show an effect on seed longevity.
7
Trolove, M. R., and C. A. Dowsett. "Yellow bristle grass seed killed in maize silage." New Zealand Plant Protection 68 (January 8, 2015): 442. http://dx.doi.org/10.30843/nzpp.2015.68.5847.
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Yellow bristle grass (Setaria pumila) is a serious weed that reduces dairy farm profitability and could potentially infest productive land throughout New Zealand Supplementary feed is used extensively in the dairy industry and farmers are concerned that yellow bristle grass seed may be spread with maize silage Previous studies showed that its seeds did not survive burial in covered silage stacks after 1 week To further investigate the decline in seed viability mesh bags containing 50 seeds were buried at 0 and/or 400 mm depth in two covered Waikato silage stacks and retrieved after 1 2 3 5 and 7 days Germination prior to seed burial was 69 and viability using tetrazolium staining was 88 Germination was reduced after 1 day to 1236 2 days to 030 3 days to 04 and 5 days to 0 Viability was reduced after 1 week from 50 to 40 Temperature and pH conditions during this study were not considered sufficient for rapid seed decay and therefore it appeared that chemicals released after ensiling were responsible Further investigation into mechanisms behind this rapid decay and its potential for effective weed seed control is warranted
8
Hodges, D. Mark, Christiane Charest, and Robert I. Hamilton. "A chilling resistance test for inbred maize lines." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 74, no. 4 (1994): 687–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps94-124.
Full textAbstract:
A laboratory germination test based on exposure of seeds to a temperature regime derived from natural conditions was developed to determine chilling resistance in maize (Zea mays L.). Seven inbred lines were exposed to a temperature regime approximating Ottawa, Ontario's (Lat. 45° 24′N, Long. 75° 43′W) spring climate. Seeds were subjected to a range of maximum (16 h) and minimum (8 h) temperatures corresponding to the dates spanning 15 April (10.3/0.4 °C) to 30 May (21.0/9.1 °C) in controlled temperature germinators. A control germination test used a constant 25 °C. The percent germination, percent viability, and average time taken to germinate were measured. The results of all three parameters corresponded in indicating which line was chilling susceptible, and the percents germination and viability in which lines were chilling tolerant. Field trials were sown in Ottawa in the early spring of 1992 and 1993 and percent of emergence and average time to emergence were recorded. The line demonstrated to be most chilling susceptible by the laboratory germination test and those lines selected to be most chilling tolerant by the laboratory percent germination and viability assays corresponded to those classified as such by the field percent emergence. Key words: Maize, germination test, chilling tolerance and sensitivity
9
Ribeiro, Bárbara Gomes, Raquel Maria de Oliveira Pires, Tatiana Botelho Fantazzini, Hesoisa Oliveira dos Santos, Dayliane Bernardes de Andrade, and Renato Mendes Guimarães. "Mechanical Damages and Chemical Treatments in the Quality of Maize Seeds Stored." Journal of Agricultural Science 11, no. 3 (2019): 482. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jas.v11n3p482.
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The current system of seeds production is highly mechanized and these operations can contribute to losses in quality due the incidence of mechanical damages. The objective in this work was to study the effect of the chemical treatment and the storage on quality of maize seeds with mechanical damages. The seeds used were individually analyzed through X-ray test for the obtainment of three lots; 1-seeds without separation, 2-seeds without mechanical damages and 3-seeds with mechanical damages. The lots were evaluated according the physiological quality, sanity and enzymatic analyzes before and after the chemical treatment with the insecticide Maxim Advanced&reg; and the fungicide Cruiser&reg; and also after 90 days of storage. The chemical treatment of maize seeds is efficient in the control of pathogens, like Fusarium sp. The performance of seeds with internal and external damages can be maintained for 90 days when treated with fungicides and insecticides and stored in environment conditions. The isoenzymatic patterns of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), malate dehydrogenase (MDH) and alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), confirmed the higher deterioration of non-treated seeds during the storage. The mechanical damages found in seeds contribute to the reduction of viability and vigor of maize seeds.
10
Teixeira, Raianny Dos Reis, and Joseanny Cardoso Da Silva Pereira. "GERMINATION AND VIGOR OF INDUSTRIALLY TREATED MAIZE SEEDS." Ipê Agronomic Journal 3, no. 1 (2019): 59–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.37951/2595-6906.2019v3i1.4331.
Full textAbstract:
The industrial seed treatment combines the application of insecticides, fungicides, nematicides, micronutrients and other products. However, seed submission to the combination of several products can cause phytotoxicity, resulting in reduced viability and vigor, which is directly proportional to the increase in the storage period of the material. Thus, the objective was to determine the vigor of corn seeds and the percentage of germination in substrates when submitted to two types of industrial treatment as a function of storage time. The experimental design was a completely randomized, 2 x 2 x 2 factorial design (two treatments, two times and two substrates / two vigor tests / two emergency tests) for the germination, vigor and emergency tests. Hybrid corn seeds were treated with two types of industrial treatments: TSI3 (combination of three products - K-Obiol 25 CE, Actellic 500 CE, Maxim Advanced) and TSI4 (combination of four products - K-Obiol 25 CE, Actellic 500 CE, Maxim Advanced, Cruiser 350 FS). The analyzed variables were: germination, vigor and emergence. In the germination test, it was verified that, when vermiculite was added, there was a higher percentage of germination in corn seeds. When added thiametoxan, the combination of products in the treatment of corn seeds had a detrimental effect on their physiological quality, reducing germination and vigor. The industrially treated corn seeds showed a reduction in vigor when submitted to the accelerated aging test after the prolongation of the storage period.