Journal articles: 'Major Nutrition'

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Cho, Yong Suk. "Nutrition Therapy in Major Burns." Journal of Clinical Nutrition 6, no. 2 (August 30, 2014): 45–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.15747/jcn.2014.6.2.45.

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Cho, Yong Suk. "Nutrition Therapy in Major Burns." Journal of Clinical Nutrition 11, no. 2 (December 31, 2019): 38–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.15747/jcn.2019.11.2.38.

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Moore, Cindy, J’undra Pegues, Vamsi Narisetty, Christopher Spankovich, Lana Jackson, and Gina D. Jefferson. "Enhanced Recovery After Surgery Nutrition Protocol for Major Head and Neck Cancer Surgery." OTO Open 5, no. 2 (April 2021): 2473974X2110211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2473974x211021100.

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Objective To determine whether an enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) nutrition protocol is reasonably possible among our head and neck cancer (HNC) population with respect to system feasibility and patient compliance. Second, we aim to identify improvements in patient outcomes as a result. Methods Preexperimental research design among patients undergoing major HNC surgery after implementation of the ERAS nutrition protocol from July 2018 to July 2019 as quality improvement (QI). Preoperative clinical nutritional assessment and laboratory values were completed the same day as informed surgical consent in the clinic. Protocol focus was patient consumption of nutritional supplements perioperatively, monitored by our outpatient dietitian. Early postoperative enteral nutrition was initiated with monitoring of nutritional laboratory values. To support our model, we provide preliminary analysis of HNC patient outcomes after implementation of the ERAS nutritional protocol. Results Twenty-five patients were enrolled. Preoperatively, 40% of patients were malnourished, and 100% complied with perioperative nutrition supplementation. Health care provider compliance obtaining preoperative laboratory values was 56%. There was a strong negative correlation between modified Nutrition-Related Index (mNRI) and number of complications ( P = .01), specifically, fistula rate ( P = .04) and unplanned reoperation ( P = .04). Enrolled patient average length of stay was 7 ± 4.4 days. Discussion Our patients demonstrated compliance with implementation of an ERAS nutrition protocol likely facilitated by dietitian engagement. mNRI potentially reflects risk for head and neck surgery complications. Implications for Practice QI processes demand reassessment and modification to ensure efficient and targeted approaches to improving patient care.

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Lowe, Jessica M., and Rebecca A. Brody. "Nutrition Management of Major Burn Injuries." Topics in Clinical Nutrition 34, no. 2 (2019): 161–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/tin.0000000000000171.

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Braga, Marco, Luca Gianotti, Andrea Vignali, Andrea Cestari, Pietro Bisagni, and Valerio Di Carlo. "Artificial nutrition after major abdominal surgery." Critical Care Medicine 26, no. 1 (January 1998): 24–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00003246-199801000-00012.

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Pezzana, A., M. Sillano, R. Bussone, M. De Giuli, D. Sommacalet, S. Amisano, E. Girotto, M. Malvaso, and M. N. Petrachi. "P.52 Early enteral nutrition after major abdominal surgery: nutritional evaluation." Clinical Nutrition 14 (August 1995): 46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0261-5614(95)80201-0.

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Pendlimari, Rajesh, Nagesh N. Swamygowda, Shreedevi K. Nagadas, and Kaushik Subramanian. "Short-term preoperative parenteral nutrition benefits malnourished patients undergoing major gastrointestinal surgery." International Surgery Journal 7, no. 5 (April 23, 2020): 1512. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-2902.isj20201861.

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Background: Pre-operative nutritional support is of paramount in malnourished patients undergoing major gastrointestinal (GI) surgery. We aimed to investigate the outcomes of short term pre-operative parenteral nutrition in nutritionally depleted patients undergoing major GI surgeries.Methods: A retrospective study from tertiary care centre in South India, where nutritionally at risk patients undergoing major GI surgeries from 2016-2018 were identified and reviewed. Two groups –who received total or peripheral parenteral nutrition (TPN and PPN) and only enteral nutrition..Results: Of 80 patients who were nutritionally depleted underwent major GI surgery, 38 patients received pre-operative parenteral nutrition (PN) support for mean 11 days. Patients who received pre-op PN had similar outcomes (overall complication rate n=26, 68.4% vs n=32, 76.2% p=0.43), when compared to patients who received pre-op enteral nutrition conditioning. Though a small group of patients received peripheral PN supplementation, there was no difference in overall complication rate, when compared with TPN group (n=14, 58.3% vs n=12, 85.7%, p=0.08).Conclusions: Parenteral nutrition either total or supplemental is a useful adjunct pre-operatively for poorly nourished patients and should be utilized to build nutrition prior to major GI surgery. Pre-operative peripheral parenteral nutrition as supplement seems to be beneficial in patients undergoing GI surgery, pending large studies.

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Eastridge, M. L. "Major Advances in Applied Dairy Cattle Nutrition." Journal of Dairy Science 89, no. 4 (April 2006): 1311–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(06)72199-3.

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Drackley, J. K., S. S. Donkin, and C. K. Reynolds. "Major Advances in Fundamental Dairy Cattle Nutrition." Journal of Dairy Science 89, no. 4 (April 2006): 1324–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(06)72200-7.

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Minard, Gayle, and Kenneth A. Kudsk. "Postoperative nutrition in surgery for major trauma." Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care 1, no. 1 (January 1998): 35–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00075197-199801000-00007.

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Cerantola, Yannick, Fabian Grass, Alessandra Cristaudi, Nicolas Demartines, Markus Schäfer, and Martin Hübner. "Perioperative Nutrition in Abdominal Surgery: Recommendations and Reality." Gastroenterology Research and Practice 2011 (2011): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/739347.

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Introduction. Preoperative malnutrition is a major risk factor for increased postoperative morbidity and mortality. Definition and diagnosis of malnutrition and its treatment is still subject for controversy. Furthermore, practical implementation of nutrition-related guidelines is unknown.Methods. A review of the available literature and of current guidelines on perioperative nutrition was conducted. We focused on nutritional screening and perioperative nutrition in patients undergoing digestive surgery, and we assessed translation of recent guidelines in clinical practice.Results and Conclusions. Malnutrition is a well-recognized risk factor for poor postoperative outcome. The prevalence of malnutrition depends largely on its definition; about 40% of patients undergoing major surgery fulfil current diagnostic criteria of being at nutritional risk. TheNutritional Risk Scoreis a pragmatic and validated tool to identify patients who should benefit from nutritional support. Adequate nutritional intervention entails reduced (infectious) complications, hospital stay, and costs. Preoperative oral supplementation of a minimum of five days is preferable; depending on the patient and the type of surgery, immune-enhancing formulas are recommended. However, surgeons' compliance with evidence-based guidelines remains poor and efforts are necessary to implement routine nutritional screening and nutritional support.

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Dangour, Alan D., and Ricardo Uauy. "Nutrition challenges for the twenty-first century." British Journal of Nutrition 96, S1 (August 2006): S2—S7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/bjn20061689.

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Although progress has been made towards international goals for the eradication of hunger and malnutrition, considerable work is still required to achieve them and to respond to emerging public health nutrition challenges. The present paper outlines sixteen major inter-linked nutrition challenges recently identified by the UN Standing Committee on Nutrition. While many of the challenges relate to the nutritional needs of children and mothers, an increased emphasis on nutrition-related chronic diseases that affect later life is also evident. Promoting healthy ageing and the maintenance of physical and mental function in older age are undoubtedly major challenges for the future, and the present paper also informs on the role of nutrition, specifically n-3 essential fatty acids, in the prevention of cognitive decline. The importance of determining the cost-effectiveness of nutrition interventions is advocated, in order that the nutrition community can respond appropriately to global nutrition challenges.

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Morimoto, Juliano, and Mathieu Lihoreau. "Open Data for Open Questions in Comparative Nutrition." Insects 11, no. 4 (April 9, 2020): 236. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects11040236.

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Achieving a better understanding of the consequences of nutrition to animal fitness and human health is a major challenge of our century. Nutritional ecology studies increasingly use nutritional landscapes to map the complex interacting effects of nutrient intake on animal performances, in a wide range of species and ecological contexts. Here, we argue that opening access to these hard-to-obtain, yet considerably insightful, data is fundamental to develop a comparative framework for nutrition research and offer new quantitative means to address open questions about the ecology and evolution of nutritional processes.

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Lenoir-Wijnkoop, I., P. J. Jones, R. Uauy, L. Segal, and J. Milner. "Nutrition economics – food as an ally of public health." British Journal of Nutrition 109, no. 5 (January 23, 2013): 777–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114512005107.

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Non-communicable diseases (NCD) are a major and increasing contributor to morbidity and mortality in developed and developing countries. Much of the chronic disease burden is preventable through modification of lifestyle behaviours, and increased attention is being focused on identifying and implementing effective preventative health strategies. Nutrition has been identified as a major modifiable determinant of NCD. The recent merging of health economics and nutritional sciences to form the nascent discipline of nutrition economics aims to assess the impact of diet on health and disease prevention, and to evaluate options for changing dietary choices, while incorporating an understanding of the immediate impacts and downstream consequences. In short, nutrition economics allows for generation of policy-relevant evidence, and as such the discipline is a crucial partner in achieving better population nutritional status and improvements in public health and wellness. The objective of the present paper is to summarise presentations made at a satellite symposium held during the 11th European Nutrition Conference, 28 October 2011, where the role of nutrition and its potential to reduce the public health burden through alleviating undernutrition and nutrition deficiencies, promoting better-quality diets and incorporating a role for functional foods were discussed.

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Allison, S. P. "Integrated nutrition." Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 64, no. 3 (August 2005): 319–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/pns2005438.

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There is no branch of medicine in which nutritional considerations do not play some part. Overnutrition, undernutrition or unbalanced nutrition are the major causes of ill health in the world. Conversely, illness causes important nutritional and metabolic problems. The spectrum from lack to excess of nutrients is seamless as a clinical and scientific discipline, the two extremes being linked by the Barker effect by which intrauterine malnutrition and low birth weight predispose to obesity, diabetes and CVD in later life. However, the teaching of nutrition in medical and nursing schools remains sparse. Nutritional care cannot be practised satisfactorily in isolation from other aspects of management, since factors such as drugs, surgery and fluid and electrolyte balance affect nutritional status. Nutritional treatment may also have adverse or beneficial effects according to the composition, amount and mode of delivery of the diet and the clinical context in which it is given. Any benefits of nutritional support may also be negated by shortcomings in other aspects of treatment and must therefore be fully integrated into overall care. One example of this approach is the enhanced recovery after a surgery protocol incorporating immediate pre-operative carbohydrate and early post-operative oral intake with strict attention to zero fluid balance, epidural analgesia and early mobilisation. Other examples include the deleterious effect on surgical outcome of salt and water overload or hyperglycaemia, either of which may negate the benefits of nutritional support. There is a need, therefore, to integrate clinical nutrition more closely, not just into medical and surgical practice, but also into the organisation of health services in the hospital and the community, and into the training of doctors and nurses. Societies originally devoted to parenteral and enteral nutrition need to widen their scope to embrace wider aspects of clinical nutrition.

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Andrews, Ashley, Janet R. Wojcik, Joni M. Boyd, and Charles J. Bowers. "Sports Nutrition Knowledge among Mid-Major Division I University Student-Athletes." Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism 2016 (2016): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/3172460.

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Competitive athletes have goals to optimize performance and to maintain healthy body composition. Sports nutrition is a component of training programs often overlooked by student-athletes and their coaches. The purpose of this study was to examine student-athletes’ sports nutrition knowledge across sex, class level, team, and completion of prior nutrition coursework. Participants included 123 mid-major Division I university student-athletes (47 females and 76 males) from baseball, softball, men’s soccer, track and field, and tennis. The student-athletes completed a survey questionnaire to determine adequate sports nutrition knowledge (mean ≥ 75%). The overall mean sports nutrition knowledge score for the student-athletes was 56.9% which was considered inadequate sports nutrition knowledge (mean < 75%). Only 12 student-athletes achieved adequate sports nutrition knowledge score of 75% or higher. There were no differences by sex, class level, team, and completion of prior nutrition coursework. Student-athletes’ inadequate sports nutrition knowledge may place them at nutrition risk, lead to impaired performance, and affect their lean body mass and energy levels. Athletics personnel should not assume student-athletes have adequate sports nutrition knowledge. Athletic departments may make available a board certified Sports Dietitian or Registered Dietitian and offer classroom or online courses facilitating student-athletes to optimize nutrition knowledge and behaviors.

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Sandrucci, Sergio, Paolo Cotogni, and Beatrice De Zolt Ponte. "Impact of Artificial Nutrition on Postoperative Complications." Healthcare 8, no. 4 (December 14, 2020): 559. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare8040559.

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Malnutrition is common in surgical cancer patients and it is widely accepted that it can adversely affect their postoperative outcome. Assessing the nutritional status of every patient, in particular care of elderly and cancer patients, is a crucial feature of the therapeutic pathway in order to optimize every strategy. Evidence exists that the advantages of perioperative nutrition are more significant in malnourished patients submitted to major surgery. For patients recognized as malnourished, preoperative nutrition therapies are indicated; the choice between parenteral and enteral nutrition is still controversial in perioperative malnourished surgical cancer patients, although enteral nutrition seems to have the best risk–benefit ratio. Early oral nutrition after surgery is advisable, when feasible, and should be administered in all the patients undergoing elective major surgery, if compliant. In patients with high risk for postoperative infections, perioperative immunonutrition has been proved in some ways to be effective, even if operations including those for cancer have to be delayed.

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Jenkins, T. C., and M. A. McGuire. "Major Advances in Nutrition: Impact on Milk Composition." Journal of Dairy Science 89, no. 4 (April 2006): 1302–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(06)72198-1.

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Pacelli, Fabio. "Enteral vs Parenteral Nutrition After Major Abdominal Surgery." Archives of Surgery 136, no. 8 (August 1, 2001): 933. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archsurg.136.8.933.

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Oftedal, Olav T., and Mary E. Allen. "Nutrition as a major facet of reptile conservation." Zoo Biology 15, no. 5 (1996): 491–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1098-2361(1996)15:5<491::aid-zoo5>3.0.co;2-6.

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Shu, Z. J., and J. S. Li. "Parenteral nutrition support in major abdominal trauma patients." Clinical Nutrition 13, no. 1 (February 1994): 17–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0261-5614(94)90005-1.

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Kawaguchi, Daisuke, Yukihiko Hiroshima, Kenichi Matsuo, Keiji Koda, Itaru Endo, Masataka Taguri, and Kuniya Tanaka. "A Randomized Clinical Trial of Early Enteral Nutrition to Prevent Infectious Complications in Patients With Extensive Liver Resection." International Surgery 100, no. 11-12 (November 1, 2015): 1414–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.9738/intsurg-d-15-00060.1.

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After major liver resections, infections and liver insufficiency are the most common complications; these may coincide. We performed a randomized clinical trial to clarify ability of early enteral nutrition to prevent infectious complications and liver failure following major hepatectomy. We prospectively allocated consecutive patients who underwent major liver resection into either an early enteral nutrition group in which such nutrition was initiated on the first postoperative day or a nonenteral nutrition group. The primary study endpoint was rate of infectious complications. Thirty-two patients were randomly allocated to the enteral nutrition group, while 31 were assigned to the nonenteral nutrition group. No significant difference in rate of infection complications was evident between enteral (9.4%) and nonenteral group (22.6%, P = 0.184). However, complications of grade III severity or worse were significantly less frequent in the enteral (9.4%) than in the nonenteral group (32.3%, P = 0.031). Further, postoperative serum concentrations of pre-albumin and reduced-state albumin were greater in the enteral than in the nonenteral group. Early enteral nutrition did not significantly improve prevention of infectious complications, but some effectiveness in preventing severe complications and improving nutritional status was demonstrated.

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Veronika Fejes, Zoltán Győri, and Zsuzsa Bardócz. "Study of traditional folk foods from the point of view of nutrition in Hajdú-Bihar County." Acta Agraria Debreceniensis, no. 41 (December 15, 2010): 47–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.34101/actaagrar/41/2679.

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Healthy nutrition is one of the major topics of our days. The occurrence of the so called “civilization diseases” is increasing continuously as a result of the changes in our nutritional habits and life-style. It was thought that folk nutrition at the beginning of the 19. Century had several beneficial effects on health. For this reason it was decided to study the food and nutritional habits of the population of Hajdu-Bihar County around the 1930s on thebasis of literary sources to see how well they do match with modern requirements of healthy nutrition.

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Becker, Tyler B., Jim Lucas, Wei Li, and Jenifer I. Fenton. "Redesign and process of reforming an existing undergraduate Nutritional Sciences program." Advances in Physiology Education 44, no. 4 (December 1, 2020): 570–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/advan.00029.2020.

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Due to current and upcoming needs in the discipline and accreditation, the Nutritional Sciences faculty at a major university reformed their curriculum using backward design. As part of this process, they developed new learning outcomes that aligned to the institutional learning outcomes and mapped these new outcomes across the major’s required courses. Also, they reorganized the existing major’s single focus on biomedical nutrition into an academic program with a core curriculum and three concentrations (biomedical and molecular nutrition, global health and nutrition, and public health nutrition). The faculty designed new core and concentration courses and modified existing courses to distribute the essential learning across the major curriculum. Additionally, the committee created two service courses to fill voids in nutrition education for nonmajors. Despite abundant literature on backward and curriculum design, this process produced important learning about how to conduct and implement curriculum reform in a science-based discipline.

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Clark, Kristine Larson. "Working with College Athletes, Coaches, and Trainers at a Major University." International Journal of Sport Nutrition 4, no. 2 (June 1994): 135–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijsn.4.2.135.

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Athletic departments in colleges and universities are beginning to recognize the role a sports nutrition professional plays in providing both clinical nutrition services to athletes and nutrition education programs to teams, coaches, and trainers. Traditionally, sports nutritionists have been viewed as capable of counseling athletes toward improved nutrition behaviors for improved performance outcomes. More globally, a sports nutritionist at a major university can develop and implement nutrition education programs for athletes that can be implemented in alternative situations to effect the greater student body. Menu changes in dining facilities, expanded dining hours, and campus workshops on eating disorders, weight gain, or weight loss are examples of programs created by a university sports nutritionist.

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Zhao, Mingxia, Houzhen Tuo, Shuhui Wang, and Lin Zhao. "The Effects of Dietary Nutrition on Sleep and Sleep Disorders." Mediators of Inflammation 2020 (June 25, 2020): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/3142874.

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Sleep disorder significantly affects the life quality of a large number of people but is still an underrecognized disease. Dietary nutrition is believed to play a significant impact on sleeping wellness. Many nutritional supplements have been used trying to benefit sleep wellness. However, the relationship between nutritional components and sleep is complicated. Nutritional factors vary dramatically with different diet patterns and depend significantly on the digestive and metabiotic functions of each individual. Moreover, nutrition can profoundly affect the hormones and inflammation status which directly or indirectly contribute to insomnia. In this review, we summarized the role of major nutritional factors, carbohydrates, lipids, amino acids, and vitamins on sleep and sleep disorders and discussed the potential mechanisms.

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Raine, Kim D. "Improving Nutritional Health of the Public through Social Change: Finding Our Roles in Collective Action." Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research 75, no. 03 (September 1, 2014): 160–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3148/cjdpr-2014-017.

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Improving the nutritional health of the public continues to be a major challenge. Our mission of advancing health through food and nutrition has become increasingly complex, particularly as food environments shape the availability, affordability, and social acceptability of food and nutrition “choices”. Promoting nutritional health requires that dietitians expand our knowledge in understanding the determinants of healthy eating and of social change strategies that advocates for and acts on improving food environments. While no single strategy can solve the challenges of public health nutrition, we can each identify unique strengths and opportunities. If we practice in complementary ways, using those strengths for collective action will make us stronger together toward social change supporting improved nutritional health of the public.

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Dzgoeva, F. Kh. "Nutrition in sports." Obesity and metabolism 10, no. 2 (June 15, 2013): 49–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.14341/2071-8713-4825.

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Nutrition is one of the fundamental factors that influence the effectiveness of physical activity, increase efficiency and replenishment of muscle mass, balances the ratio of energy consumed and restored. The diet of an athlete can and should be built on common foods available and prepared in accordance with generally accepted principles of healthy eating. The need for major macronutrients and micronutrients is determined by the need for energy, the intensity of sweating and the goals for building muscle mass. Depending on the intensity of the proposed load including competition, there are individual nutritional needs and, if necessary, various food supplements may be used. The basic principles of sport nutrition are described in this article

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Ondrey, Frank G., and David B. Hom. "Effects of Nutrition on Wound Healing." Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 110, no. 6 (June 1994): 557–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/019459989411000614.

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Optimal wound healing and Its close relationship to a patient's positive nutritional balance is well known. For years, physicians have attempted to improve the metabolic status of patients after surgery or trauma. Currently, major emphasis is placed on perioperative nutritional status and its effect on postoperative wound healing. The intricacies of metabolism and healing are areas of current active research. In an effort to advance the quality of patient care. For the head and neck surgeon, wound healing is of paramount concern in areas of tumor extirpation, head and neck reconstruction, and maximization of postoperative functional recovery. To better explain why adequate nutrition is important in postoperative wound healing, we will provide a brief synopsis of nutrition and its relationship to wound healing.

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Zakon, K., T. Berezyak, G. Radchenko, and V. Romanova. "PARENTERAL NUTRITION IN PATIENTS WITH ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY." Ukrainian Journal of Nephrology and Dialysis, no. 4(48) (August 9, 2015): 54–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.31450/ukrjnd.4(48).2015.10.

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This review is dedicated to changes in metabolism of major nutrients (proteins, fats and carbohydrates) in patients with acute kidney injury. Differences with other acute diseases and influence of renal replacement therapy are highlighted. Results of experimental and clinical trials are debated. The aim of nutritional support and macronutrients requirements are specified, as well as indications to parenteral nutrition, alternative approaches to control protein catabolism and influence of nutritional support on outcome.

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Neri, A., F. Mariani, A. Piccolomini, M. Testa, G. Vuolo, and L. Di Cosmo. "Glutamine-supplemented total parenteral nutrition in major abdominal surgery." Nutrition 17, no. 11-12 (November 2001): 968–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0899-9007(01)00693-1.

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Tsakiridis, Ioannis, Eirini Kasapidou, Themistoklis Dagklis, Ioannis Leonida, Christos Leonida, Dimitra Rafailia Bakaloudi, and Michail Chourdakis. "Nutrition in Pregnancy: A Comparative Review of Major Guidelines." Obstetrical & Gynecological Survey 75, no. 11 (November 2020): 692–702. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/ogx.0000000000000836.

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Mbogori, Teresia, and Mary Murimi. "Effects of a nutrition education intervention on maternal nutrition knowledge, dietary intake and nutritional status among food insecure households in Kenya." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 6, no. 5 (April 27, 2019): 1831. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20191798.

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Background: Malnutrition remains a major concern in the developing countries especially in food insecure populations. Maternal nutrition knowledge, among other factors, has been shown to improve nutritional status in children under the age of 5 years. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of a nutrition education intervention on maternal nutrition knowledge, dietary intake, and nutritional status in Turkana County, Kenya.Methods: Seventy-three mothers/female caretakers with children <5 years old from Nadapal village in Turkana County were included in the study. At baseline, maternal nutritional knowledge, maternal and child nutritional status, and dietary intake were assessed. During the intervention, participants were trained on breastfeeding, complementary feeding, hygiene and sanitation. The intervention was conducted for five days with two- three hour sessions each day. Six months after the intervention, a follow-up was done to assess the effect of the intervention.Results: At baseline, 53% of the women were underweight (BMI<18.5 kg/m2), 24% of the children were stunted, 20.7% wasted, and 28.6% underweight. After the intervention, maternal knowledge on length of breastfeeding and composition of complementary foods improved. There were no significant changes in nutritional status in both women and children after the intervention.Conclusions: Results from this study implied that nutrition education interventions may improve nutrition knowledge of the mothers /female caretakers. However, without provision of food, the effects of the gained nutrition knowledge may not reflect in the dietary intake or nutritional status and therefore future interventions need to include ways to reduce food insecurity.

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Sitar-Tăut, Dan-Andrei, Adela-Viviana Sitar-Tăut, Daniel Mican, Angela Cozma, Olga Hilda Orăşan, Crina Mureşan, Ramona Suharoschi, et al. "Collaborative platform development in nutrition as support for cardiovascular patients’ rehabilitation." Balneo Research Journal 10, no. 10.2 (May 20, 2019): 139–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.12680/balneo.2019.253.

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Abstract Introduction. Enrollment of patients with cardiovascular disease in rehabilitation programs may contribute to implementation of a healthy lifestyle, including by promotion of a diet adequate for each patient’s profile. In this context, the current study is aimed at creating a traffic light system model allowing to obtain the development, innovation and diversification of menus and to improve the nutritional programs for this category of patients. Material and method. Based on the data provided by USDA Food Composition Databases, the composition in terms of different nutritive principles was determined for each ingredient and for each final menu. Comparison of menus depending on each nutritive principle, as well as comparison between menus and nutrient requirements according to indications for patients attending cardiovascular rehabilitation programs was made. Results. The traffic light system was developed, using color codes, comparing daily nutrient requirements with preparations’ content. Conclusions. The major benefit of the traffic light system would reside in the fact that starting from classic menus, an intervention on these can be achieved, and healthier, more nutritionally balanced models can be created, according to healthy nutrition principles. These new menus will be calorically and nutritionally adapted for patients attending cardiovascular rehabilitation programs. Key words: nutrition, rehabilitation, traffic light system,

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Sousa-Catita, Diogo, Catarina Godinho, and Jorge Fonseca. "A Protocol for the Evaluation of Nutritional and Functional Status Evolution During a Multidisciplinary Rehabilitation Program for Patients after SARS-CoV-2 Pneumonia." Medical Sciences Forum 5, no. 1 (July 20, 2021): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/msf2021005016.

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Nutrition status is a major issue of the COVID-19 pandemic. Many factors associated with worse prognosis risk are related to nutrition. Patients received after hospital discharge for pneumonia due to SARS-Cov-2 were submitted to a multidisciplinary rehabilitation program. This study aimed to analyze the nutritional and functional status after SARS-Cov-2 pneumonia and evaluate the impact of a multidisciplinary rehabilitation program.

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Cucinotta, Ugo, Claudio Romano, and Valeria Dipasquale. "Diet and Nutrition in Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Diseases." Nutrients 13, no. 2 (February 17, 2021): 655. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13020655.

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Both genetic and environmental factors are involved in the onset of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). In particular, diet composition is suspected to significantly contribute to IBD risk. In recent years, major interest has raised about the role of nutrition in disease pathogenesis and course, and many studies have shown a clear link between diet composition and intestinal permeability impairment. Moreover, many IBD-related factors, such as poor dietary intake, nutrients loss and drugs interact with nutritional status, thus paving the way for the development of many therapeutic strategies in which nutrition represents the cornerstone, either as first-line therapy or as reversing nutritional deficiencies and malnutrition in IBD patients. Exclusive enteral nutrition (EEN) is the most rigorously supported dietary intervention for the treatment of Crohn’s Disease (CD), but is burdened by a low tolerability, especially in pediatric patients. Promising alternative regimens are represented by Crohn’s Disease Exclusion Diet (CDED), and other elimination diets, whose use is gradually spreading. The aim of the current paper is to provide a comprehensive and updated overview on the latest evidence about the role of nutrition and diet in pediatric IBD, focusing on the different nutritional interventions available for the management of the disease.

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Zhao, Xu-Fei, Ning Wu, Guo-Qiang Zhao, Jian-Fang Liu, and Ye-Feng Dai. "Enteral nutrition versus parenteral nutrition after major abdominal surgery in patients with gastrointestinal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis." Journal of Investigative Medicine 64, no. 5 (April 25, 2016): 1061–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jim-2016-000083.

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To clarify the benefits of enteral nutrition (EN) versus total parenteral nutrition (TPN) in patients with gastrointestinal cancer who underwent major abdominal surgery. Medline, Cochrane, EMBASE, and Google Scholar were searched for studies published until July 10, 2015, reporting outcomes between the two types of postoperative nutritional support. Only randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included. A χ2-based test of homogeneity was performed using Cochran's Q statistic and I2. A total of 2540 patients (1268 who received EN and 1272 who received TPN; average age range: 58.3–67.7 years) from 18 RCTs were included for assessment. Patients who received EN had shorter lengths of hospital stay (pooled difference in mean=−1.74, 95% CI −2.41 to −1.07, p<0.001, shorter time to flatus (pooled difference in mean=−1.27, 95% CI −1.69 to −0.85, p<0.001), and significantly greater increases in albumin levels (pooled difference in mean=−1.33, 95% CI −2.18 to −0.47, p=0.002) compared with those who received TPN after major abdominal surgery, based on a random-effects model of analysis. EN after major abdominal surgery provided better outcomes compared with TPN in patients with gastrointestinal cancer.

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Diaf, Mustapha, and Meghit Boumediene Khaled. "Overview on main nutrition-related diseases in three countries from North Africa." North African Journal of Food and Nutrition Research 1, no. 01 (September 28, 2017): 19–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.51745/najfnr.1.01.19-27.

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The aim of this review article is to give a holistic overview on the magnitude of nutrition-related diseases in the North African region and to outline major factors associated with the prevalence of these complications. A literature analysis was performed on PubMed and Google Scholar for data relating to nutrition-related diseases published between January 2007 and March 2017. The employed keywords were; “Algeria AND Morocco AND Tunisia AND Nutrition-Related diseases”. We focused firstly on the nutrition-related diseases associated to inadequate intake of nutrients and unhealthy dietary habits such as low birth weight, anemia and micronutrient deficiencies, thereafter, diseases associated with changes in lifestyle such as obesity, diabetes and cardiovascular disease are highlighted. Factors contributing to nutritional problems vary from country to another. Low socioeconomic status, low educational levels, unhealthy eating habits, poverty and ignorance are mainly responsible for both under and over nutrition problems. Despite their alarming rates, national strategies to combat these nutritional diseases do not exist or are ineffective in North African countries. Efforts are focused on therapeutic actions, however, the scarcity or the complete lack of preventive health care services, epidemiological surveys, nutritional surveillance and lack of nutritional assessment need to be considered. Continuous and accurate analyses of the evolving situation will allow setting up a good tools, strategies and health intervention programs in North African countries. Keywords: North African countries, Nutrition-related diseases, Overview, Under nutrition, Over nutrition

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Morgan, Peter J. "Back to the future: the changing frontiers of nutrition research and its relationship to policy." Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 71, no. 1 (November 9, 2011): 190–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0029665111003314.

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Seventy years have elapsed since the Nutrition Society was founded and John Boyd Orr became its first Chairman. Over the intervening period, nutrition research has embraced and responded to a wide variety of challenges as the requirements of research have evolved and changed. This paper reflects on some of the major challenges that have influenced nutrition research over the past 70 years and considers where nutrition stands today along with the challenges for the future. In the past, these challenges have included food security and improvements in animal nutrition to enhance production through problems of overnutrition, such as CVD and obesity, as well as the recognition of the importance of early-life nutrition. The challenges for the future include how to translate the increasingly comprehensive and complex understanding of the relationship between nutrition and health, being gained as a result of the genomic revolution, into simple and accessible policy advice. It also includes how we learn more about the ways in which diet can help in the prevention of obesity as well as the ways in which we prevent the rise in complex diseases in emerging nations as they undergo nutritional transition. From this, it is clear that nutrition research has moved a long way from its initial focus on nutritional deficiencies to a subject, which is at the heart of public health consideration. This evolution of nutrition research means that today diet and health are high on the political agenda and that nutrition remains a priority area for research. It has been 70 years since 1941 when the Nutrition Society was established, under its first Chairman, John Boyd Orr. At that time there were many who believed that nutrition research had reached its peak and there was little left to discover. This view stemmed from the fact that most vitamins and minerals had been discovered and that the syndromes associated with nutritional deficiencies in these were largely known. Despite this gloomy prognosis, the intervening 70 years have witnessed a remarkable evolution in nutrition research, which has underpinned key Government policies, ranging from food security right through to public health. This review considers some major developments that have helped to shape nutrition research over the past 70 years and in so doing have changed its frontiers.

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Susetyowati, Susetyowati, Maya Ija, and Akhmad Makhmudi. "Status gizi pasien bedah mayor preoperasi berpengaruh terhadap penyembuhan luka dan lama rawat inap pascaoperasi di RSUP Dr Sardjito Yogyakarta." Jurnal Gizi Klinik Indonesia 7, no. 1 (July 1, 2010): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/ijcn.17608.

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Background: Severe malnutrition affects morbidity due to disrupted wound healing and decreased endurance against infection. There are some factors that cause malnutrition in surgical patients. Two major factors are lack of food intake and process of inflammation that cause increase of catabolism and decrease of anabolism. The condition can be identified from the decrease of albumin serum and muscle hypothrophy.Objective: The study aimed to identify impact of nutrition status of preoperative major surgical patients based on Nutritional Risk Index (NRI) indicator to wound healing and post operative length of stay.Method: The study was observational with prospective cohort study design. Nutrition screening was undertaken to the group that met inclusion criteria at the preliminary process of hospitalization using NRI indicator to identify nutrition status of surgical patients. Next, the group was split into two, one with undernourished nutrition status and the other with good nutrition status. Assessment of nutrition status of patients was based on NRI obtained from level of serum albumin and current and usual weight ratio within the last 6 months. Weight assessment was made during early hospitalization or weight within the last 6 months.Result: The result of the study showed there was signifiant association between nutrition status and wound healing and post operative length of stay (p<0.05). The result of logistic regression test showed there was impact of nutrition status to wound healing and post operation length of stay. Patients with undernourished nutrition status based on NRI contributed 4.8 times greater for the prevalence of poor wound healing than those with good nutrition status (95%CI: 1.179-19.880). Patients with undernourished nutrition status based on NRI contributed 5.5 times greater for extended length of stay > 7 days than those with good nutrition status (95% CI:4.701-50.914).Conclusion: There was impact of nutrition status of preoperative major surgical patients based on NRI indicator to wound healing and post operative length of stay.

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Gunn, Patrick. "Optimizing Beef Cattle Nutrition from Conception to Consumption." Ceiba 54, no. 1 (August 3, 2016): 14–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.5377/ceiba.v54i1.2773.

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Feed cost and reproductive efficiency are the 1st and 2nd largest factors, respectively, that dictate profitability of the cow-calf enterprise. It should not be forgotten that these two economic areas are not independent of one another, as nutritional management is the largest single factor that producers can control that influences the probability of pregnancy. Thus, without proper nutritional management, many reproductive processes are altered, and establishment and maintenance of pregnancy may be hindered or prevented entirely. Traditionally, the major concern related to the interface between nutrition and reproduction is the effect of under nutrition prior to breeding. However, recent research in the fields of fetal/developmental programming as well as post-breeding heifer management suggests nutrition can significantly impact not only reproductive capacity of the female, but long term growth and efficiency of her progeny. Therefore, developing appropriate nutritional programs for all phases of production is critical for the economic success and productivity of the beef operation for not only the current year, but for years to come.

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Alghamdi, Zainab S. "School age nutrition facts and challenges!" International Journal of Growth and Development 1, no. 1 (December 7, 2017): 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.25081/ijgd.2017.v1i1.45.

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Developing effective strategies in schools that shall provide the needed macro and micronutrients for our generation, one of the main objectives is to tackle obesity in children is urgently required. School canteen, physical education curriculum need to be redesigned to meet our community health need and approach. Nutritional surveys highly needed to evaluate, assess and act on public health major issues that has a significant impact on our community, ignored childhood morbidity will be carried out up to adulthood and serious health cost on geriatric. My presentation will highlight major nutrition deficiencies at school age. Highlight also our school's canteen and physical activity curriculum, mentioning our pilot study on Government school in Riyadh region.

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Thanikachalam, Kannan, and Gazala Khan. "Colorectal Cancer and Nutrition." Nutrients 11, no. 1 (January 14, 2019): 164. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11010164.

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Colorectal Cancer is the third most common cancer diagnosed in the US. While the incidence and the mortality rate of colorectal cancer has decreased due to effective cancer screening measures, there has been an increase in number of young patients diagnosed in colon cancer due to unclear reasons at this point of time. While environmental and genetic factors play a major role in the pathogenesis of colon cancer, extensive research has suggested that nutrition may play both a causal and protective role in the development of colon cancer. In this review article, we aim to provide a review of factors that play a major role in development of colorectal cancer.

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Singh, Harminder, and Donald R. Duerksen. "Survey of Clinical Nutrition Practices of Canadian Gastroenterologists." Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology 20, no. 8 (2006): 527–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2006/835462.

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OBJECTIVE: Nutrition education is a required part of gastrointestinal training programs. The involvement of gastroenterologists in clinical nutrition once their training has been completed is unknown. The aim of the present study was to determine the practice pattern of gastroenterologists in clinical nutrition and their perceived adequacy of nutrition training during their gastroenterology (GI) fellowship.METHODS: The Canadian Association of Gastroenterology mailed a survey to all of its 463 Canadian clinician members and 88 trainee members. Components of the survey included knowledge of nutritional assessment and total parenteral nutrition, involvement in a nutrition support service, physician involvement in nutritional assessment and nutrition support teams, obesity management, insertion of gastrostomy (G) tubes and management of tube-related complications, and adequacy of training in clinical nutrition.RESULTS: Sixty per cent (n=279) of the Canadian Association of Gastroenterology clinicians and 38% (n=33) of the fellows responded. Of the clinicians, 80% were practicing adult gastroenterologists with the following demographics: those practicing full time in academic centres (42%), community practice (45%), completed training in the last 10 years (32%) and those that completed training in the United States (14%). Although only 6% had a primary focus of nutrition in their GI practices, 65% were involved in nutrition support (including total parenteral nutrition), 74% placed G tubes and 68% managed at least one of the major complications of G tube insertion. Respondents felt a gastroenterologist should be the physician’s consultant on nutrition support services (89%). Areas of potential inadequate training included nutritional assessment, indications for nutrition support, management of obesity and management of G tube-related complications. The majority of clinicians (67%) and trainees (73%) felt that nutrition training in their GI fellowship was underemphasized.CONCLUSIONS: The majority of Canadian gastroenterologists are involved in nutrition support. However, this survey demonstrated that nutritional training is underemphasized in most training programs. It is important for GI fellowship programs to develop standardized nutrition training that prepares trainees for their practice.

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Arosio, Beatrice, and Matteo Cesari. "Nutrition and Muscle Health." Nutrients 13, no. 3 (February 28, 2021): 797. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13030797.

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Syed-Abdul, Majid Mufaqam, Syed Sadath Kabir, Dhwani Satishkumar Soni, Tony J. Faber, Jeremy T. Barnes, and Maureen T. Timlin. "Role of Nutrition Education in Pharmacy Curriculum—Students’ Perspectives and Attitudes." Pharmacy 9, no. 1 (January 23, 2021): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmacy9010026.

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Many pharmacists report they lack nutritional knowledge and believe the best time to educate pharmacists about nutrition is during pharmacy school. Purpose: This study was conducted to determine if today’s pharmacy students receive education in nutrition and if they realize the importance of a nutrition course. Methods: Ninety-five pharmacy students attending pharmacy school were surveyed in two pharmacy schools in the United States. Results: The survey showed only 13.7% received nutrition education and 82.9% of students believed nutrition education should be incorporated into the pharmacy degree curriculum. When the pharmacy-related experience was taken into account, 73.3% of students believed that a nutrition course should be incorporated into the curriculum. Conclusion: This study suggests that pharmacy students from two major universities in Alabama and Illinois realize the importance of nutrition education and believe a nutrition course should be incorporated into the pharmacy degree curriculum.

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Fadairo, Anjolaoluwa Oreoluwa, Lukman Abiodun Oyebode, and Adeniyi Amusat. "Access to nutrition information: a key to improving nutrition status among under-five children in farming households of Oyo State, Nigeria." Agricultura Tropica et Subtropica 53, no. 1 (March 1, 2020): 29–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ats-2020-0004.

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AbstractAttaining adequate child nutrition requires prompt access to relevant nutrition information. Present information reveals that the nutrition status of children younger than five years is threatened. In this study we sought to assess under-five nutritional status among farming households in Oyo State, Nigeria. A multistage sampling procedure was used to sample a total of 146 mothers as respondents. Data were collected using interview schedule and were analysed using percentage, mean, Chi-square and Pearson Product Moment Correlation (PPMC). Most respondents were married (89.9%), currently working (93.2%) and had an average age, household size and monthly income of x¯ = 34.61, x¯ = 6 and ₦11,530, respectively. The respondents were mostly aware that cowpea is a major source of protein (x¯ = 0.99) and appropriate immunization of children is essential in aiding nutrition (x¯ = 0.99). They mostly sourced information on child nutrition from radio (x¯ = 0.87) and family and friends (x¯ = 0.87). Child nutritional status was high (59.6%). A significant relationship exists between educational attainment (χ2 = 10.781, P = 0.029), occupational status of the respondents (χ2 = 8.553, P = 0.014), awareness of adequate nutrition (r = 0.166, P = 0.044), source of information (r = 0.137, P = 0.010) and the child nutrition status. Improvements in nutrition campaign using available medical outlets and radio are advocated.

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Gillis, Chelsia, and Francesco Carli. "Promoting Perioperative Metabolic and Nutritional Care." Anesthesiology 123, no. 6 (December 1, 2015): 1455–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/aln.0000000000000795.

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Abstract Surgery represents a major stressor that disrupts homeostasis and can lead to loss of body cell mass. Integrated, multidisciplinary medical strategies, including enhanced recovery programs and perioperative nutrition support, can mitigate the surgically induced metabolic response, promoting optimal patient recovery following major surgery. Clinical therapies should identify those who are poorly nourished before surgery and aim to attenuate catabolism while preserving the processes that promote recovery and immunoprotection after surgery. This review will address the impact of surgery on intermediary metabolism and describe the clinical consequences that ensue. It will also focus on the role of perioperative nutrition, including preoperative nutrition risk, carbohydrate loading, and early initiation of oral feeding (centered on macronutrients) in modulating surgical stress, as well as highlight the contribution of the anesthesiologist to nutritional care. Emerging therapeutic concepts such as preoperative glycemic control and prehabilitation will be discussed.

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Diaf, Mustapha, and Meghit Boumediene Khaled. "Overview on main nutrition-related diseases in three countries from North Africa." North African Journal of Food and Nutrition Research 1, no. 1 (June 28, 2017): 20–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.51745/najfnr.1.1.20-29.

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The aim of this review article is to give a holistic overview on the magnitude of nutrition-related diseases in the North African region and to outline major factors associated with the prevalence of these complications. A literature analysis was performed on PubMed and Google Scholar for data relating to nutrition-related diseases published between January 2007 and March 2017. The employed keywords were; “Algeria AND Morocco AND Tunisia AND Nutrition-Related diseases”. We focused firstly on the nutrition-related diseases associated to inadequate intake of nutrients and unhealthy dietary habits such as low birth weight, anemia and micronutrient deficiencies, thereafter, diseases associated with changes in lifestyle such as obesity, diabetes and cardiovascular disease are highlighted. Factors, contributing to nutritional issues, vary from one country to another. Low socioeconomic status, low educational levels, unhealthy eating habits, poverty, and ignorance are mainly responsible for both under and over nutrition problems. Despite their alarming rates, national strategies to combat these nutritional diseases do not exist or are ineffective in North African countries. Efforts are focused on therapeutic actions, however, the scarcity or the complete lack of preventive health care services, epidemiological surveys, nutritional surveillance and lack of nutritional assessment need to be considered. Continuous and accurate analyses of the evolving situation will allow setting up good tools, strategies and health intervention programs in North African countries. Keywords: North African countries, nutrition-related diseases, overview, undernutrition, over-nutrition.

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NASALEAN, Alina, Laurentiu OGNEAN, Sergiu MUNTEAN, Stefana BALICI, and Horea MATEI. "Comparative Analysis of Electrophoretic Profile of Major Proteins of Milk from Alpine and Carpathian Goats." Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca. Veterinary Medicine 74, no. 1 (May 18, 2017): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/buasvmcn-vm:12447.

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The milkâ€™s proteins provide nutritional and biologically active values, essential in human and animal nutrition. In the case of goat milk, the proteinsâ€™ concentration and quality represent basic indices for the evaluation of the nutritional and biologically active values. The proposal is to comparatively analyse the protein profile of milk. The milk was collected from two different breeds: French Alpine and Romanian Carpathian. During March and April 2016 there were collected samples of raw milk in hygienic and sanitation conditions. There were two lots: first lot has 10 Carpathian goats and the second lot has 10 Alpine goats. The protein composition of goat milk was established with SDS-PAGE, after the evaluation of the total proteinsâ€™ concentration with the Bradford method. The quantitative and percentage data obtained with electrophoresis revealed few differences between those 8 identified protein fractions. Between those two lots, regarding the levels of Î²-CN, k-CN and Î²-lactoglobulines there were significant differences. The other protein fractions have values almost identical. Statistical analysis of obtained data shaped the differences in the protein profile at those two breeds. Based on those differences it is to note the superior potential of the Alpine breed regarding the content in biologically active milk proteins. Regarding the obtained data, this study brings new contributions for the evaluation and analysis of protein profile as a nutritive and biologically active component of goat milk, confirming its character as a functional aliment.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Major Nutrition'

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