Relevant bibliographies by topics / Makwe language

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Makwe language'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Makwe language"

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Lefever, Els, and Véronique Hoste. "Parallel corpora make sense." International Journal of Corpus Linguistics 19, no. 3 (September 1, 2014): 333–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ijcl.19.3.02lef.

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We present a multilingual approach to Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD), which automatically assigns the contextually appropriate sense to a given word. Instead of using a predefined monolingual sense-inventory, we use a language-independent framework by deriving the senses of a given word from word alignments on a multilingual parallel corpus, which we made available for corpus linguistics research. We built five WSD systems with English as the input language and translations in five supported languages (viz. French, Dutch, Italian, Spanish and German) as senses. The systems incorporate both binary translation features and local context features. The experimental results are very competitive, which confirms our initial hypothesis that each language contributes to the disambiguation of polysemous words. Because our system extracts all information from the parallel corpus, it offers a flexible language-independent approach, which implicitly deals with the sense distinctness issue and allows us to bypass the knowledge acquisition bottleneck for WSD.
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Vinogradov, Igor. "Linguistic corpora of understudied languages: Do they make sense?" Káñina 40, no. 1 (May 3, 2016): 127. http://dx.doi.org/10.15517/rk.v40i1.24143.

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A corpus of an understudied language usually has documentary-linguistic nature and comprises all text material available in a particular language. However, without resorting to text selection, it is impossible to obtain a representative and balanced sample of language use. Lack of these two characteristics makes a corpus almost useless for any kind of quantitative research. Nevertheless, corpora of understudied languages comply with a wide range of language documentation objectives. Furthermore, they can serve as evidence of the existence of word forms or grammatical features in texts that meet specific search criteria. If such corpora have well-elaborated linguistic annotation, they can complement grammatical descriptions and dictionaries, standing out against common text collections due to their digital format. They are especially suitable for typological research, when one has to deal with a huge amount of data in different and unrelated languages.
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Xia, Fei, Carrie Lewis, and William Lewis. "Language ID for a Thousand Languages." LSA Annual Meeting Extended Abstracts 1 (May 2, 2010): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3765/exabs.v0i0.504.

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ODIN, the Online Database of INterlinear text, is a resource built over language data harvested from linguistic documents (Lewis, 2006). It currently holds approximately 190,000 instances of Interlinear Glossed Text (IGT) from over 1100 languages, automatically extracted from nearly 3000 documents crawled from the Web. A crucial step in building ODIN is identifying the languages of extracted IGT, a challenging task due to the large number of languages and the lack of training data. We demonstrate that a coreference approach to the language ID task significantly outperforms existing algorithms as it provides an elegant solution to the unseen language problem. We also discuss several issues that make automated Language ID and the maintenance of ODIN very difficult.
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Whittaker, Simon. "The Language or Languages of Consumer Contracts." Cambridge Yearbook of European Legal Studies 8 (2006): 229–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.5235/152888712802731205.

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Does european community law make any requirement as to the language in which the terms of consumer contracts are to be expressed?At the outset, I need to explain that the significance of this question (and its answer) will differ according to what is meant by the word ‘language’ itself. A first meaning is found where one refers to English, French, or Chinese as a ‘language’, that is, to quote the Oxford English Dictionary, ‘a system of communication used by a particular country or community’. A second meaning of ‘language’, again as explained by the Oxford English Dictionary, refers to ‘the manner or style of a piece of writing or speech’; so, for example, one may describe a piece of prose as being written in simple or elaborate, verbose or laconic, language. To avoid confusion in the following discussion, I shall refer to these two different significances as ‘language type’ and ‘language style’.
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Whittaker, Simon. "The Language or Languages of Consumer Contracts." Cambridge Yearbook of European Legal Studies 8 (2006): 229–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1528887000004729.

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Does european community law make any requirement as to the language in which the terms of consumer contracts are to be expressed? At the outset, I need to explain that the significance of this question (and its answer) will differ according to what is meant by the word ‘language’ itself. A first meaning is found where one refers to English, French, or Chinese as a ‘language’, that is, to quote the Oxford English Dictionary, ‘a system of communication used by a particular country or community’. A second meaning of ‘language’, again as explained by the Oxford English Dictionary, refers to ‘the manner or style of a piece of writing or speech’; so, for example, one may describe a piece of prose as being written in simple or elaborate, verbose or laconic, language. To avoid confusion in the following discussion, I shall refer to these two different significances as ‘language type’ and ‘language style’.
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POLINSKY, MARIA. "When L1 becomes an L3: Do heritage speakers make better L3 learners?" Bilingualism: Language and Cognition 18, no. 2 (December 5, 2013): 163–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1366728913000667.

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Heritage speakers who re-learn their childhood language in adulthood are an important group for the study of L3 acquisition. Such re-learners have selective advantages over other L2/L3 learners in phonetics/phonology, but lack a global advantage at re-learning the prestige variety of their L1. These learners show asymmetrical transfer effects in morphosyntax: transfer occurs only from the dominant language. Two tentative explanations for this asymmetry are suggested. First, re-learners may deploy the skills acquired in a classroom setting, where they have used only their dominant language. Second, re-learners may implicitly strive to increase the typological distance between their childhood language and the language of classroom instruction. These findings have implications for models of L3/Ln learning: the Cumulative Enhancement Model, the Typological Proximity Model, and the L2 Status Factor Model. The data discussed in this paper are most consistent with the latter model, but they also highlight the significance of the typological distance between languages under acquisition.
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Liantoni, Febri, and Amalia Yusincha. "Pemodelan UML Pada Sistem Pengajuan Dana Anggaran Untuk Peningkatan Produktivitas Perusahaaan." Digital Zone: Jurnal Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi 9, no. 2 (November 8, 2018): 94–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.31849/digitalzone.v9i2.1763.

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Dunia teknologi informasi berkembang pesat dengan dukungan teknologi yang semakin canggih. Unified Modeling Languange salah satu sistem yang bisa digunakan untuk standar pembuatan sistem informasi. Dengan menggunakan Unified Modeling Languange perancangan dan pembuatan sistem dapat dikerjakan lebih cepat. Pada penelitian ini pemodelan Unified Modeling Languange digunakan untuk membuat sistem pengajuan dana anggaran. Pembuatan sistem ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan produktivitas perusahaaan dalam menangani proyek yang dikerjakan. Berdasarkan analisa dan pengujian sistem diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa sistem yang dibuat dapat mempermudah para karyawan perusahaan dalam proses pengajuan dana anggaran dan pertanggungjawaban dana proyek. Sistem yang dibuat juga memberikan informasi mengenai pengajuan dana yang diterima atau ditolak suatu proyek, sehingga dapat membuat pekerjaan yang dikerjakan lebih efisien dan dapat mengurangi resiko kesalahan terhadap pengajuan dana proyek. Kata kunci: Teknologi Informasi, Unified Modeling Languange, Sistem, Dana Anggaran Abstract The world of information technology is growing rapidly with the support of increasingly sophisticated technology. Unified Modeling Language one of the systems that can be used for the standard of making information systems. Using Unified Modeling Language the design and manufacture of the system can be done faster. In this study Unified Modeling Language modeling is used to create a system for submitting budget funds. The creation of this system aims to improve the productivity of companies in handling the projects being worked on. Based on the analysis and testing of the system, it can be concluded that the system created can make it easier for company employees in the process of submitting budget funds and accountability for project funds. The system created also provides information about the submission of funds received or rejected by a project, so as to make the work done more efficiently and can reduce the risk of errors in the submission of project funds. Keywords: Information Technology, Unified Modeling Languages, Systems, Budget Funds
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Mugamat Mursaliyeva, Khayala. "Principles of compiling artificial languages." SCIENTIFIC WORK 56, no. 07 (August 4, 2020): 40–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.36719/2663-4619/56/40-46.

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The explosion of information and the ever-increasing number of international languages make the modern language situation very difficult. The interaction of languages ultimately leads to the creation of international artificial languages that operate in parallel with the world`s languages. The expansion of interlinguistic issues is a natural consequence of the aggravation of the linguistic landscape of the modern world. The modern interlinguistic dialect, which is defined as a field of linguistics that studies international languages and international languages as a means of communication, deals with the importance of overcoming the barrier.The problem of international artificial languages is widely covered in the writings of I.A.Baudouin de Courtenay, V.P.Qrigorev, N.L.Gudskov, E.K.Drezen, A.D.Dulchenko, M.I.Isayev, S.N.Kuznechov, A.D.Melnikov and many other scientists. Key words:the concept of natural language, the concept of artificial language, the degree of artificiality of language, the authenticity of language
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Kenner, Charmian. "Symbols Make Text." Written Language and Literacy 3, no. 2 (September 26, 2000): 235–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/wll.3.2.03ken.

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Research on early script-learning has shown that young children produce a considerable variety of graphic forms in their spontaneous writing. Social semiotic theory aims to account for this variety by analysing the links between children’s sociocultural experience and their interpretation of written language as a visual sign system. This paper applies a social semiotic approach to a multilingual context, discussing texts produced by three- and four-year-olds in a nursery class, where the roleplay area was enriched with everyday literacy materials and parents were invited to write in different languages in the classroom. Evidence from a year’s fieldwork showed that children used a diversity of symbols throughout this period. Three factors were found to have explanatory significance: (a) awareness of the visual appearance of different types of text, (b) children’s current symbolic repertoire, and (c) their social identity as writers. Multilingual experience was incorporated into children’s exploration of how writing operated as a representational system.
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Jorgensen, Eleanor, Jennifer Green, and Anastasia Bauer. "Exploring Phonological Aspects of Australian Indigenous Sign Languages." Languages 6, no. 2 (April 30, 2021): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/languages6020081.

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Spoken languages make up only one aspect of the communicative landscape of Indigenous Australia—sign languages are also an important part of their rich and diverse language ecologies. Australian Indigenous sign languages are predominantly used by hearing people as a replacement for speech in certain cultural contexts. Deaf or hard-of-hearing people are also known to make use of these sign languages. In some circumstances, sign may be used alongside speech, and in others it may replace speech altogether. Alternate sign languages such as those found in Australia occupy a particular place in the diversity of the world’s sign languages. However, the focus of research on sign language phonology has almost exclusively been on sign languages used in deaf communities. This paper takes steps towards deepening understandings of signed language phonology by examining the articulatory features of handshape and body locations in the signing practices of three communities in Central and Northern Australia. We demonstrate that, while Australian Indigenous sign languages have some typologically unusual features, they exhibit the same ‘fundamental’ structural characteristics as other sign languages.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Makwe language"

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Gallivan, Kathleen C. "Does culture translate can we make the words our own? /." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 1999. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=1164.

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Thesis (M.A.)--West Virginia University, 1999.
Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains iv, 30 p. : ill. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 29-30).
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Silva, Raynice Geraldine Pereira da. "Estudo fonologico da lingua Satere-Mawe." [s.n.], 2005. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/270879.

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Orientador: Lucy Seki
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-04T03:33:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Silva_RayniceGeraldinePereirada_M.pdf: 3126927 bytes, checksum: 3333d165a9ef9b32436cbc5c39eb1dfb (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005
Resumo: Esta dissertação apresenta um estudo fonológico da língua Sateré-Mawé, classificada como membro único da família Mawé, tronco lingüístico Tupi. A língua é falada por aproximadamente 8.000 indígenas que habitam a Terra Indígena Andirá-Marau, localizada na divisa dos Estados do Amazonas e do Pará. O trabalho inclui cinco capítulos, conclusão e bibliografia. O primeiro capítulo é introdutório e contém informações gerais sobre a metodologia de trabalho de campo e o referencial teórico adotado na pesquisa. Ainda neste capitulo é apresentado um apanhado de trabalhos existentes relativos à língua Sateré-Mawé. O segundo capítulo apresenta informações etnográficas sobre o povo Sateré-Mawé e algumas notas sobre a classificação da língua e sobre sua situação de bilingüismo. O terceiro capítulo é dedicado à definição dos fonemas e alofones da língua, tendo por base o modelo de análise fonêmica de Pike. Abordamos ainda alguns processos morfofonêmicos que ocorrem em fronteira de morfema e palavra. O quarto capítulo analisa a estrutura silábica, levando em consideração a hierarquia de sonoridade para a definição dos tipos silábicos e a distribuição dos segmentos. Também neste capítulo tratamos do processo de silabificação, das seqüências de segmentos ambíguos e da quantidade silábica para a definição da palavra mínima. O quinto e último capítulo trata do acento em palavras simples e compostas. Analisamos também o acento a partir de uma abordagem métrica, bem como a constituição da palavra fonológica
Abstract: This dissertation presents a phonological study of the Sateré-Mawé language, classified as the unique member of mawé family, in the Tupi linguistic branch. Sateré-Mawé is spoken by approximatily 8.000 people, in the indigenous area of Andirá-Marau, located in the frontier of Amazonas and Pará states. This work includes five chapters, conclusion and bibliography. The first chapter is an introduction and contains general informations about the metodology of fieldwork and the theoretical fundamentals employed in this research. Besides that, works about Sateré-Mawé are briefly shown. ln the second chapter I present ethnographic informations about Sateré-Mawé people and some notes about linguistic classification and bilingualism. The third chapter is dedicated to the definition of the phonemes and the allophones of the language, based on Pike' s phonemic analysis model. I also broach some morphophonemic processes in word or morpheme frontiers. The fourth chapter deals with the syllable structure, considering the sonority hierarchy to the definition of the syllabic types and the segments distribution. I also discuss the syllabification process, sequences of ambiguous segments and the syllabic quantity in order to define the minimal word. The last chapter presents the stress pattern in simple and compound words. I analyse this stress pattern founded on the metrical approach and the constitution of the phonological word
Mestrado
Linguas Indigenas
Mestre em Linguística
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Andersson, Erik Olov Mårten. "A Gameful Quest to Make Second Language Acquisition Fun." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för datavetenskap, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-122492.

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This study explores the application of principles from game design, and the motivational psychology it is founded upon, to the domain of second language acquisition. A gameful design process based on playtesting andanalysis with design lenses is adapted and used to iteratively design and develop a system for conversation practice with the goal of creating a motivating and engaging experience.The results indicate effectiveness of the process, but generalizing the results would require further research with bigger sample sizes and studies with varied core activities.
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Schwinn, Sandra Jean. "Early reading success: Parents make a difference." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1995. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1035.

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Sim, Chang-Yong. "To make a case for all syntactic structure, semantic interpretation and case morphology /." Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file 0.85Mb, 334 p, 2005. http://wwwlib.umi.com/dissertations/fullcit/3181886.

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Prillaman, Barbara. "Conversations to help make meaning ELLs and literature circles /." Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file, 202 p, 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1500060691&sid=33&Fmt=2&clientId=8331&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Lachkovic, Julie Maria. "Outcomes for children with delayed language development : does temperament make a difference?" Thesis, Manchester Metropolitan University, 2015. http://e-space.mmu.ac.uk/582251/.

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This longitudinal study explored the language and temperament profiles of a cohort (N= 72) of young children (2;00 - 3;09) who had a diagnosis of Early Language Delay given by a Speech and Language Therapist. The study investigated associations between aspects of the children’s temperament, their main carer’s (parent) temperament and their language progress over one year. Standardised assessment of receptive and expressive language skills took place at entry to the study and again after one year to profile the natural history of their early language delay within a community context. All the participants continued to access speech and language therapy services, as appropriate to their needs, during the period of the study. Temperament data was collected using standardised questionnaires completed by the child’s main carer. A series of linear regression analyses were used to predict one year performance from initial language skills at the start of the study alongside child temperament, socio-demographic factors and a measure of child-parent ‘goodness of fit’. The final model for receptive language skills, predicted 78% of the variance in outcomes and included auditory comprehension (76.5 %) and distractibility (1.6%). For expressive language skills the final model, which predicted 59.5% of the variance, involved five variables: auditory comprehension (34%), expressive communication (13.8%), adaptability (5.6%), persistence (3.1%) and negative family history of language difficulties (3%). Ratings of goodness of fit were significantly (p < .010) associated with auditory comprehension skills, such that children with higher auditory comprehension scores were rated as easier to manage then children with lower scores. This association did not hold for expressive communication skills. Early language delay is a high prevalence condition and this study provides data that suggest that aspects of temperament may confer a degree of protection or risk to children in relation to their language development, once identified with an early language delay. The implications are discussed along with the need for further research in this area.
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Smith, Rachel Alexis. "Go Out and Make Every Noise." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1241496149.

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Botes, H., and A. Mji. "Language diversity in the mathematics classroom: does a learner companion make a difference?" South African Journal of Education, 2010. http://encore.tut.ac.za/iii/cpro/DigitalItemViewPage.external?sp=1001168.

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Language and education are interrelated because all teaching is given through the medium of language. Language is considered to be both a precondition for thought and a bearer of thought and therefore influences the extent to which a child’s intelligence is actualised. In the South African context linguistic diversity is a complex issue. It has increasingly become the task and responsibility of educators to develop strategies in an attempt to facilitate quality education for their learners. In this study, the researchers developed an ‘aid’ that would assist learners to relate mathematics terms and concepts in English with terms in their own languages. The study determined whether a visual multilingual learner companion brought change in learners’ performance in mathematics. Also what the educators’ views were about this. A combination of a quasiexperimental study and an interview schedule was conducted. The quasiexperimental study was conducted among learners while the interview schedule was with their educators. The sample comprised 2,348 learners in Grade 4, Grade 5 and Grade 6 from 20 schools as well as 20 educators from the treatment schools. The results indicated that the mathematics marks of the treatment group improved. Also, the educators were complimentary about the learner companion and indicated that they would utilise this going forward in their teaching. It is recommended that the multilingual visual explanatory mathematics learner companion be used and investigated on a larger scale to corroborate the efficacy reported here.
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Mashiyi, Fidelia Nomakhaya Nobesuthu. "How South African teachers make sense of language-in-education policies in practice." Thesis, University of Pretoria, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/25180.

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In South Africa, the medium-of-instruction (MOI) debate has continued to demand the attention of educators and academics, particularly after the promulgation of the 1997 multilingual language-in-education (LIE) policy and the introduction of the OBE-NCS curriculum in the schools. Using a survey questionnaire, classroom observations and focused interviews, this study aims at establishing how teachers in selected urban and rural high schools in the Mthatha District understand, interpret and implement MOI policies within their practice. It also seeks to establish reasons for implementing the MOI policies in the ways they do. The study utilizes Phillipson’s English Linguistic Imperialism Theory, Brock-Utne’s Qualification Analysis, and Vygotsky’s Social Constructivism to explain the findings. The main findings of the study are that MOI policies are not implemented uniformly in urban and rural contexts or within each context. Learner linguistic profiles, mismatch between a teacher’s home language (HL) and that of his/her learners, the subject being offered, the need to promote understanding of content, teachers’ understandings, misconceptions and beliefs about the role of language in education: all these were found to be factors which may influence a teacher’s language choice during lesson delivery. Generally, teachers endorse the use of English as a language of learning and teaching (LOLT) at high school, together with the learners’ HL. Although some teachers believe that they use English mainly for teaching, indigenous languages are also used extensively, especially in rural and township schools; code-switching, code-mixing, translation, repetition, and township lingo all make the curriculum more accessible to learners. The anomaly is that assessments are conducted only in English, even in contexts in which teaching has been mainly in code-switching mode. An English-only policy was employed in the following situations: in a desegregated urban school; in a rural high school where there was a mismatch between the teacher’s HL and that of his learners; and also in a rural high school where English was offered as a subject. The most cited reasons for using English only as an LOLT were: school language policy, teachers seeing themselves as language role models, the use of English as a LOLT at tertiary level, and past teacher training experiences. The study concludes that the major factors influencing school language policies in a multilingual country such as South Africa are the school context and the teacher and learner profiles. In addition, teaching and assessing learners in languages with which they are familiar, as well as using interactive teaching strategies, would develop learner proficiency, adaptability and creative qualifications, resulting in an improved quality of education.
Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2011.
Education Management and Policy Studies
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Books on the topic "Makwe language"

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Devos, Maud. A grammar of Makwe. [Leiden: Universiteit Leiden, 2004.

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Writing between languages: How English language learners make the transition to fluency, grades 4-12. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann, 2009.

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Pearson, P. David. Make a wish: [Language arts connections, blackline master]. Needham, Mass: Silver Burdett & Ginn, 1989.

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J, Hall Patrick, ed. Make your own language tests: A practical guide to writing language performance tests. Oxford [Oxfordshire]: Pergamon Institute of English, 1985.

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Kimeldorf, Martin. Exciting writing, successful speaking: Activities to make language come alive. Minneapolis, MN: Free Spirit Pub., 1994.

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Children's inquiry: Using language to make sense of the world. New York, NY: Teachers College, Columbia University, 1999.

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ill, Peterson Stacy, ed. School rules! Writing: Ideas, how-to's, and tips to make you a whiz with word. Middleton, WI: American Girl Publishing, Incorporated, 2017.

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Make no mistake! Canterbury: Wingham, 1994.

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State, Canada Secretary of. Options: Language in business : how to make bilingualism work for you. Ottawa: Department of the Secretary of State, 1986.

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Ports, Dottie. Leaping into whole language: Fifty-nifty ways to make a book. Lewisville, N.C: Kaplan School Supply, 1993.

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Book chapters on the topic "Makwe language"

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Anthamatten, Peter. "The language of maps." In How to Make Maps, 36–61. Abingdon, Oxon; New York, NY: Routledge, 2021.: Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315158426-3.

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Roeper, Thomas, and Jürgen Weissenborn. "How to Make Parameters Work: Comments on Valian." In Language Processing and Language Acquisition, 147–62. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3808-6_6.

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Nolasco, Rob. "How to Make Yorkshire Pudding." In Mastering English as a Foreign Language, 165–75. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-20872-2_17.

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Austin, Erin E. H. "Make it Official." In The Ultimate Guide to Selling Your Original World Language Resources, 95–96. New York : Routledge, 2021. | Series: Routledge Eye On Education |: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003165576-26.

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Mondria, Jan-Arjen, and Boukje Wiersma. "5. Receptive, productive, and receptive + productive L2 vocabulary learning: what difference does it make?" In Language Learning & Language Teaching, 79–100. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/lllt.10.08mon.

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Steels, Luc, and Remi Van Trijp. "How to make construction grammars fluid and robust." In Constructional Approaches to Language, 301–30. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/cal.11.16ste.

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Atkins, Sandra L. "Structuring Activities to Make Them Language Rich." In Creating a Language-Rich Math Class, 93–99. 2nd ed. New York: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003175698-9.

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Moreno Cabrera, Juan Carlos. "“Make” and the semantic origins of causativity." In Studies in Language Companion Series, 155. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/slcs.23.07mor.

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Perret, Mandy Green. "Life Is What You Make It." In Challenging Common Core Language Arts Lessons, 41–78. New York: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003233480-3.

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Kot, Aneta. "It’s Small Words that Make a Big Difference." In Second Language Learning and Teaching, 45–67. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-38339-7_4.

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Conference papers on the topic "Makwe language"

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Bonkowski, Robert. "THE PROBLEM OF LEARNING BORROWINGS IN SERBIAN AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE ON THE EXAMPLE OF GERMANISMS (IN RELATION TO SPORTS VOCABULARY)." In SCIENCE AND TEACHING IN EDUCATIONAL CONTEXT. FACULTY OF EDUCATION IN UŽICE, UNIVERSITY OF KRAGUJEVAC, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/stec20.269b.

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The paper sheds light on the problem of borrowings, which is extremely important when learning Serbian as a foreign language. The Serbian language is very open to elements from other languages. On the example of Germanisms (in the field of sports vocabulary), as foreign elements, it is possible to expand the vocabulary of students of the Serbian language as a foreign language. Borrowings, as part of the lexical subsystem, provide an opportunity to become important material that will meet studentsʼ expectations in terms of greater autonomy in language learning, didactic cooperation instead of learning itself, as well as the inclusion of various work techniques that would make language learning more attractive.
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Dmitriev, Mikhail. "Language-specific make technology for the Java programming language." In the 17th ACM SIGPLAN conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/582419.582453.

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Lubell, Joshua, Russell S. Peak, Vijay Srinivasan, and Stephen C. Waterbury. "STEP, XML, and UML: Complementary Technologies." In ASME 2004 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2004-57743.

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One important aspect of product lifecycle management (PLM) is the computer-sensible representation of product information. Over the past fifteen years or so, several languages and technologies have emerged that vary in their emphasis and applicability for such usage. ISO 10303, informally known as the Standard for the Exchange of Product Model Data (STEP), contains the high-quality product information models needed for electronic business solutions based on the Extensible Markup Language (XML). However, traditional STEP-based model information is represented using languages that are unfamiliar to most application developers. This paper discusses efforts underway to make STEP information models available in universal formats familiar to most business application developers: specifically XML and the Unified Modeling Language™ (UML®). We also present a vision and roadmap for future STEP integration with XML and UML to enable enhanced PLM interoperability.
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Šinkarovs, Artjoms, Hans-Nikolai Vießmann, and Sven-Bodo Scholz. "Array languages make neural networks fast." In PLDI '21: 42nd ACM SIGPLAN International Conference on Programming Language Design and Implementation. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3460944.3464312.

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Islamov, R. S. "THE EXPERIENCE OF TEACHING ENGLISH SPECIAL LEXIS FOR THE MULTILINGUAL GROUPS OF CHEMICAL DEPARTMENTS (BASED ON THE ONOMASTICS OF D.I. MENDELEYEV'S PERIODIC TABLE)." In THEORETICAL AND APPLIED ISSUES OF LINGUISTIC EDUCATION. KuzSTU, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26730/lingvo.2020.130-138.

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The paper observes the matter of proper names of chemical elements of the periodic table by D.I. Mendeleev, the history of their origin, and transformation while the morphemic and semantic loaning from Greek and Latin languages. Moreover, the name for this lexis is proposed as stoichonyms. The topic under discussion is actual for chemistry students in classes of English. The paper provides an example of multilingual group of the speakers of Russian, Tajik, and Kyrgyz languages. The special interest is the comparative lexemic analysis of the names of chemical elements in these three languages. By means of it, one can conclude on the students' perception of the scientific lexis in the light of its etymology, on the one hand. On the other hand, one can make an approach to teaching the special lexis not only by language teacher but chemistry as well.
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See, Abigail, Aneesh Pappu, Rohun Saxena, Akhila Yerukola, and Christopher D. Manning. "Do Massively Pretrained Language Models Make Better Storytellers?" In Proceedings of the 23rd Conference on Computational Natural Language Learning (CoNLL). Stroudsburg, PA, USA: Association for Computational Linguistics, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18653/v1/k19-1079.

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Schwering, Christoph. "A Reasoning System for a First-Order Logic of Limited Belief." In Twenty-Sixth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2017/173.

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Logics of limited belief aim at enabling computationally feasible reasoning in highly expressive representation languages. These languages are often dialects of first-order logic with a weaker form of logical entailment that keeps reasoning decidable or even tractable. While a number of such logics have been proposed in the past, they tend to remain for theoretical analysis only and their practical relevance is very limited. In this paper, we aim to go beyond the theory. Building on earlier work by Liu, Lakemeyer, and Levesque, we develop a logic of limited belief that is highly expressive but remains decidable in the first-order and tractable in the propositional case and exhibits some characteristics that make it attractive for an implementation. We introduce a reasoning system that employs this logic as representation language and present experimental results that showcase the benefit of limited belief.
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Pratiwi, Desy Riana, Lia Maulia Indrayani, Ypsi Soeria Soemantri, and Sutiono Mahdi. "Myth Analysis of ‘Make Over’ brand Advertisement: A Semiotic Study." In International Conference on Education, Language, and Society. SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0008994801190122.

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Ligutom, Cerino, Jay Vincent Orio, Dyannah Alexa Marie Ramacho, Chuchi Montenegro, Rachel Edita Roxas, and Nathaniel Oco. "Using Topic Modelling to make sense of typhoon-related tweets." In 2016 International Conference on Asian Language Processing (IALP). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ialp.2016.7876006.

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Reis, Luana Silva, Tiago Maritan U. De Araújo, Yuska Paola Costa Aguiar, Manuella Aschoff C. B. Lima, and Angelina S. da Silva Sales. "Assessment of the Treatment of Grammatical Aspects of Machine Translators to Libras." In XXIV Simpósio Brasileiro de Sistemas Multimídia e Web. Sociedade Brasileira de Computação - SBC, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5753/webmedia.2018.4570.

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Currently, a set of technologies has been developed with the aim of reducing barriers to access to information for deaf people, such as machine tools for sign languages. However, these technologies have some limitations related to the difficult of handling some specific grammatical aspects of the sign languages, which can make the translations less fluent, and influence the deaf users experience. To address this problem, this study analyzes the machine translation of contents from Brazilian Portuguese (Pt-br) into Brazilian Sign Language (Libras) performed by three machine translators: ProDeaf, HandTalk and VLibras. More specifically, we performed an experiment with some Brazilian human interpreters that evaluate the treatment of some specific grammatical aspects in these three applications. As a result, we observed a significant weakness in the evaluation regarding the adequacy treatment of homonymous words, denial adverbs and directional verbs in the translations performed by the applications, which indicates the need for these tools to improve in the treatment of these grammatical aspects.
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Reports on the topic "Makwe language"

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Konaev, Margarita, and James Dunham. Russian AI Research 2010-2018. Center for Security and Emerging Technology, October 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.51593/20200040.

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Over the last decade, Moscow has boosted funding of universities and implemented reforms in order to make Russia a global leader in AI. As part of that effort, Russian researchers have expanded their English-language publication output, a key—if imperfect—measure of the country’s innovation and impact. Between 2010 and 2018, the number of English-language publications by Russian scientists in AI-related fields increased six-fold.
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Loureiro, Miguel, Maheen Pracha, Affaf Ahmed, Danyal Khan, and Mudabbir Ali. Accountability Bargains in Pakistan. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), May 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/ids.2021.046.

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Poor and marginalised citizens rarely engage directly with the state to solve their governance issues in fragile, conflict and violence-affected settings, as these settings are characterised by the confrontational nature of state–citizen relations. Instead, citizens engage with, and make claims to, intermediaries some of them public authorities in their own right. What are these intermediaries’ roles, and which strategies and practices do they use to broker state–citizen engagement? We argue that in Pakistan intermediaries make themselves essential by: (1) being able to speak the language of public authorities; (2) constantly creating and sustaining networks outside their communities; and (3) building collectivising power by maintaining reciprocity relations with their communities. In doing so, households and intermediaries engage in what we are calling ‘accountability bargains’: strategies and practices intermediaries and poor and marginalised households employ in order to gain a greater degree of security and autonomy within the bounds of class, religious, and ethnic oppression.
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Yatsymirska, Mariya. SOCIAL EXPRESSION IN MULTIMEDIA TEXTS. Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vjo.2021.49.11072.

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The article investigates functional techniques of extralinguistic expression in multimedia texts; the effectiveness of figurative expressions as a reaction to modern events in Ukraine and their influence on the formation of public opinion is shown. Publications of journalists, broadcasts of media resonators, experts, public figures, politicians, readers are analyzed. The language of the media plays a key role in shaping the worldview of the young political elite in the first place. The essence of each statement is a focused thought that reacts to events in the world or in one’s own country. The most popular platform for mass information and social interaction is, first of all, network journalism, which is characterized by mobility and unlimited time and space. Authors have complete freedom to express their views in direct language, including their own word formation. Phonetic, lexical, phraseological and stylistic means of speech create expression of the text. A figurative word, a good aphorism or proverb, a paraphrased expression, etc. enhance the effectiveness of a multimedia text. This is especially important for headlines that simultaneously inform and influence the views of millions of readers. Given the wide range of issues raised by the Internet as a medium, research in this area is interdisciplinary. The science of information, combining language and social communication, is at the forefront of global interactions. The Internet is an effective source of knowledge and a forum for free thought. Nonlinear texts (hypertexts) – «branching texts or texts that perform actions on request», multimedia texts change the principles of information collection, storage and dissemination, involving billions of readers in the discussion of global issues. Mastering the word is not an easy task if the author of the publication is not well-read, is not deep in the topic, does not know the psychology of the audience for which he writes. Therefore, the study of media broadcasting is an important component of the professional training of future journalists. The functions of the language of the media require the authors to make the right statements and convincing arguments in the text. Journalism education is not only knowledge of imperative and dispositive norms, but also apodictic ones. In practice, this means that there are rules in media creativity that are based on logical necessity. Apodicticity is the first sign of impressive language on the platform of print or electronic media. Social expression is a combination of creative abilities and linguistic competencies that a journalist realizes in his activity. Creative self-expression is realized in a set of many important factors in the media: the choice of topic, convincing arguments, logical presentation of ideas and deep philological education. Linguistic art, in contrast to painting, music, sculpture, accumulates all visual, auditory, tactile and empathic sensations in a universal sign – the word. The choice of the word for the reproduction of sensory and semantic meanings, its competent use in the appropriate context distinguishes the journalist-intellectual from other participants in forums, round tables, analytical or entertainment programs. Expressive speech in the media is a product of the intellect (ability to think) of all those who write on socio-political or economic topics. In the same plane with him – intelligence (awareness, prudence), the first sign of which (according to Ivan Ogienko) is a good knowledge of the language. Intellectual language is an important means of organizing a journalistic text. It, on the one hand, logically conveys the author’s thoughts, and on the other – encourages the reader to reflect and comprehend what is read. The richness of language is accumulated through continuous self-education and interesting communication. Studies of social expression as an important factor influencing the formation of public consciousness should open up new facets of rational and emotional media broadcasting; to trace physical and psychological reactions to communicative mimicry in the media. Speech mimicry as one of the methods of disguise is increasingly becoming a dangerous factor in manipulating the media. Mimicry is an unprincipled adaptation to the surrounding social conditions; one of the most famous examples of an animal characterized by mimicry (change of protective color and shape) is a chameleon. In a figurative sense, chameleons are called adaptive journalists. Observations show that mimicry in politics is to some extent a kind of game that, like every game, is always conditional and artificial.
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Kapelyushnyi, Anatolyi. TRANSFORMATION OF FORMS OF DEGREES OF COMPARISON OF ADJECTIVES IN LIVE TELEVISION BROADCASTING. Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vjo.2021.50.11105.

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The article analyzes transformation of forms of degrees of comparison of adjectives in live television broadcasting. Particular attention is paid to the specific properties of different forms of degrees of comparison of adjectives. To analyze the peculiarities of their use for errors in speech of television journalists, associated with non-compliance with linguistic norms on ways to avoid these errors, to make appropriate recommendations to television journalists. The main method we use is to observe the speech of live TV journalist, we used during the study methods of comparative analysis of comparison of theoretical positions from the work of individual linguists and journalism sat down as well as texts that sounded in the speech of journalists. Our objective is to trace these transformations and develop a certain attitude towards them in our researches of the language of the media and practicing journalists to support positive trends in the development of the broadcasting on TV and give recommendations for overcoming certain negative trends. Improving the live broadcasting of television journalists, in particular the work on deepening the language skills will contribute to the modernization of some trends in the reasonable expediency of the transformation of certain phenomena, moder­nization of some tendencies concerning the reasonable expedient transformation of separate grammatical phenomena and categories and at braking and in general stopping of processes of transformation of negative unreasonable not expedient. This fully applies primarily to attempts to transform the forms of degrees of comparison of adjectives and this explains importance of the results achieved in these study.
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Wallace, Ina F. Universal Screening of Young Children for Developmental Disorders: Unpacking the Controversies. RTI Press, February 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2018.op.0048.1802.

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In the past decade, American and Canadian pediatric societies have recommended that pediatric care clinicians follow a schedule of routine surveillance and screening for young children to detect conditions such as developmental delay, speech and language delays and disorders, and autism spectrum disorder. The goal of these recommendations is to ensure that children with these developmental issues receive appropriate referrals for evaluation and intervention. However, in 2015 and 2016, the US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) and the Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care issued recommendations that did not support universal screening for these conditions. This occasional paper is designed to help make sense of the discrepancy between Task Force recommendations and those of the pediatric community in light of research and practice. To clarify the issues, this paper reviews the distinction between screening and surveillance; the benefits of screening and early identification; how the USPSTF makes its recommendations; and what the implications of not supporting screening are for research, clinical practice, and families.
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Leavy, Michelle B., Danielle Cooke, Sarah Hajjar, Erik Bikelman, Bailey Egan, Diana Clarke, Debbie Gibson, Barbara Casanova, and Richard Gliklich. Outcome Measure Harmonization and Data Infrastructure for Patient-Centered Outcomes Research in Depression: Report on Registry Configuration. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.23970/ahrqepcregistryoutcome.

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Background: Major depressive disorder is a common mental disorder. Many pressing questions regarding depression treatment and outcomes exist, and new, efficient research approaches are necessary to address them. The primary objective of this project is to demonstrate the feasibility and value of capturing the harmonized depression outcome measures in the clinical workflow and submitting these data to different registries. Secondary objectives include demonstrating the feasibility of using these data for patient-centered outcomes research and developing a toolkit to support registries interested in sharing data with external researchers. Methods: The harmonized outcome measures for depression were developed through a multi-stakeholder, consensus-based process supported by AHRQ. For this implementation effort, the PRIME Registry, sponsored by the American Board of Family Medicine, and PsychPRO, sponsored by the American Psychiatric Association, each recruited 10 pilot sites from existing registry sites, added the harmonized measures to the registry platform, and submitted the project for institutional review board review Results: The process of preparing each registry to calculate the harmonized measures produced three major findings. First, some clarifications were necessary to make the harmonized definitions operational. Second, some data necessary for the measures are not routinely captured in structured form (e.g., PHQ-9 item 9, adverse events, suicide ideation and behavior, and mortality data). Finally, capture of the PHQ-9 requires operational and technical modifications. The next phase of this project will focus collection of the baseline and follow-up PHQ-9s, as well as other supporting clinical documentation. In parallel to the data collection process, the project team will examine the feasibility of using natural language processing to extract information on PHQ-9 scores, adverse events, and suicidal behaviors from unstructured data. Conclusion: This pilot project represents the first practical implementation of the harmonized outcome measures for depression. Initial results indicate that it is feasible to calculate the measures within the two patient registries, although some challenges were encountered related to the harmonized definition specifications, the availability of the necessary data, and the clinical workflow for collecting the PHQ-9. The ongoing data collection period, combined with an evaluation of the utility of natural language processing for these measures, will produce more information about the practical challenges, value, and burden of using the harmonized measures in the primary care and mental health setting. These findings will be useful to inform future implementations of the harmonized depression outcome measures.
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Crispin, Darla. Artistic Research as a Process of Unfolding. Norges Musikkhøgskole, August 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.22501/nmh-ar.503395.

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As artistic research work in various disciplines and national contexts continues to develop, the diversity of approaches to the field becomes ever more apparent. This is to be welcomed, because it keeps alive ideas of plurality and complexity at a particular time in history when the gross oversimplifications and obfuscations of political discourses are compromising the nature of language itself, leading to what several commentators have already called ‘a post-truth’ world. In this brutal environment where ‘information’ is uncoupled from reality and validated only by how loudly and often it is voiced, the artist researcher has a responsibility that goes beyond the confines of our discipline to articulate the truth-content of his or her artistic practice. To do this, they must embrace daring and risk-taking, finding ways of communicating that flow against the current norms. In artistic research, the empathic communication of information and experience – and not merely the ‘verbally empathic’ – is a sign of research transferability, a marker for research content. But this, in some circles, is still a heretical point of view. Research, in its more traditional manifestations mistrusts empathy and individually-incarnated human experience; the researcher, although a sentient being in the world, is expected to behave dispassionately in their professional discourse, and with a distrust for insights that come primarily from instinct. For the construction of empathic systems in which to study and research, our structures still need to change. So, we need to work toward a new world (one that is still not our idea), a world that is symptomatic of what we might like artistic research to be. Risk is one of the elements that helps us to make the conceptual twist that turns subjective, reflexive experience into transpersonal, empathic communication and/or scientifically-viable modes of exchange. It gives us something to work with in engaging with debates because it means that something is at stake. To propose a space where such risks may be taken, I shall revisit Gillian Rose’s metaphor of ‘the fold’ that I analysed in the first Symposium presented by the Arne Nordheim Centre for Artistic Research (NordART) at the Norwegian Academy of Music in November 2015. I shall deepen the exploration of the process of ‘unfolding’, elaborating on my belief in its appropriateness for artistic research work; I shall further suggest that Rose’s metaphor provides a way to bridge some of the gaps of understanding that have already developed between those undertaking artistic research and those working in the more established music disciplines.
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