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Journal articles on the topic 'Malabo Protocol'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 26 July 2025

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1

Abe, Oyeniyi, and Ada Ordor. "Addressing Human Rights Concerns in the Extractive Resource Industry in Sub-Saharan Africa using the Lens of Article 46 (C) of the Malabo Protocol." Law and Development Review 11, no. 2 (2018): 843–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ldr-2018-0039.

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Abstract In June 2014, the African Union, Heads of States and Government adopted the Protocol on Amendments to the Protocol on the Statute of the African Court of Justice and Human Rights (known in short as the Malabo Protocol). If ratified, the Protocol would expand the jurisdiction of the proposed African Court of Justice and Human Rights to adjudicate matters of corporate criminal liability in Africa. This paper analyses the prospects of advancing corporate respect for human rights and access to judicial remedies by victims of corporate human rights abuse through the lens of Article 46 (C)

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Rogers, Barigayomwe Ph.D. "An Evaluation of the Impediments to the Establishment of the African Criminal Court & the Prospects for Justice and Peace in Africa." International Journal of Social Science and Human Research 07, no. 04 (2024): 2278–87. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10968129.

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When the Malabo Protocol was adopted in 2014, which, if ratified by at least 15 out of the 55 African Union (AU) Member States would lead to the creation of an African Criminal Court (ACC), it was received with great enthusiasm for a number of reasons. Notable among these were that the creation of the ACC would provide an avenue to address African challenges and crimes committed in the continent in an Africa way- echoing the notion of African solution to African problems. Yet, since it was adopted in June 2014 not even a single AU Member State has ratified the Malabo Protocol. Against this bac

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de Wet, Erika. "Introductory Remarks by Erika de Wet." Proceedings of the ASIL Annual Meeting 111 (2017): 107–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/amp.2017.85.

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In June 2014, the African Union adopted a treaty (referred to as the Malabo Protocol) that would establish the first regional court with jurisdiction over human rights, general matters, and criminal matters. Its substantive jurisdiction included international and transnational crimes, as well as corporate criminal liability. This development sparked a debate as to whether other regions (notably Latin America) should also adopt a regional criminal court to prosecute transnational organized crime in Latin America. Moreover, the adoption of the Malabo Protocol raised questions concerning the rela

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Bondo Museka, Nickson, and Faustin Mwilambwe Kalombola. "La création de la Cour Pénale Africaine : défis et perspectives d’une justice alternative à la Cour Pénale internationale." Studia Universitatis Babeș-Bolyai Studia Europaea 68, no. 2 (2023): 5–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/subbeuropaea.2023.2.01.

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The creation of the future African Criminal Court (ACC) was envisaged by the African Union (AU) as the African states’ collective response to the ""politicization"" of the International Criminal Court (ICC). Eight years following its signature, the Maloba Protocol has never obtained the fifteen ratifications required to spearhead the operationalisation of the ACC. This article attempts to address two fundamental questions: - what are the challenges hindering the creation of the CCA? - and how effective will the CCA be in trying Africans for crimes they have committed on their own soil? It reve

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Sirleaf, Matiangai. "The African Justice Cascade and the Malabo Protocol." International Journal of Transitional Justice 11, no. 1 (2017): 71–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ijtj/ijx002.

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Barigayomwe, Rogers, and Gary Prevost. "The Malabo Protocol: A Panacea for Crimes Prevention in Africa?" East African Journal of Law and Ethics 5, no. 1 (2022): 25–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.37284/eajle.5.1.825.

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The study provides a critical review of selected articles contained in the Malabo Protocol. The protocol, which provides an amendment to the protocol on the Statute of the African Court of Justice and Human Rights is one of eight legal instruments adopted by African Union (AU) leaders on 27 June 2014, but undoubtedly one of its most significant. The protocol established the criminal section of the African Court and outlined a list of fourteen crimes under the jurisdiction of the Court with the aim of forestalling crimes in Africa. If the Court gets the 15 ratifications needed to enter into for

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Michalakea, Taygeti. "Article 46C of the Malabo Protocol: A Contextually Tailored Approach to Corporate Criminal Liability and Its Contours." International Human Rights Law Review 7, no. 2 (2018): 225–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22131035-00702003.

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This article examines the corporate criminal liability provision of the Protocol on Amendments to the Protocol on the Statute of the African Court of Justice and Human Rights (Malabo Protocol), which is the first to grant an international or regional criminal court jurisdiction over corporations. It analyses the provision in light of the wide substantial jurisdiction of the future criminal law section of the African Court of Justice and Human and Peoples’ Rights, the complementarity provision, the modes of responsibility and demonstrates its strengths and weaknesses. It argues that the corpora

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Onyeabo, Ebele Angela. "Resource curse and impunity gaps: National inadequacies, international responses and regional promises / Malédiction des ressources et impunité: Insuffisances nationales, réponses internationales et promesses régionales." Journal of the African Union Commission on International Law 2021 (2021): 269–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.47348/aucil/2021/a8.

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Kleptocracy has been a constant feature in Africa. The fallout of this relentless pursuit for state funds continues to threaten not only the economy, but also the security and stability of the region. Limited domestic judicial accountability for ‘grand corruption’ has exacerbated this problem, rendering both United Nations (UN) and African Union (AU) anti-corruption conventions ineffective. As a possible solution, the AU has adopted the Malabo Protocol, which creates a criminal chamber or a Regional Criminal Court (RCC) within the newly formed African Court of Justice and Human Rights (ACJHR),

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Werle, Gerhard, and Moritz Vormbaum. "African States, the African Union, and the International Criminal Court : A Continuing Story." Volume 60 · 2017 60, no. 1 (2018): 17–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3790/gyil.60.1.17.

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This article analyses the strained relationship between African States, the African Union, and the International Criminal Court. It starts by scrutinising the allegations of ‘anti-Africa bias’ that the African Union and some African States have voiced towards the International Criminal Court. Then it looks at the threat of a pull-out of certain African States parties from the ICC Statute after Burundi, South Africa, and The Gambia declared in October 2016 that they were planning to withdraw from the Court. Finally, it analyses the Malabo Protocol, an initiative by the African Union which aims

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Omorogbe, Eki Yemisi. "The Crisis of International Criminal Law in Africa: A Regional Regime in Response?" Netherlands International Law Review 66, no. 2 (2019): 287–311. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40802-019-00143-5.

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Abstract This article considers the African Union’s (AU) proposal for a regional court for international crimes under the Malabo Protocol 2014 (Protocol). It places that within the AU’s rejection of the International Criminal Court’s (ICC) arrest warrants for African Heads of States that are not party to the Rome Statute and a more general protection of incumbents. It argues that the enthusiasm for establishing a regional criminal court, which lacks jurisdiction to prosecute incumbents, has not been sustained and African states remain committed to the ICC. It shows that nevertheless the Protoc

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OLUKA, N. Lucas, A. Franklins SANUBI, and E. Abraham ORHERO. "Prospects of the Coordinate Jurisdiction of the International Criminal Court (ICC) and the African Court of Justice and Human Rights (ACJHR)." JOURNAL OF POLITICAL SCIENCE AND LEADERSHIP RESEARCH 9, no. 1 (2023): 25–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.56201/jpslr.v9.no1.2023.pg25.40.

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The intended coordinate jurisdiction with the International Criminal Court (ICC) and African Court of Justice and Human Rights (ACJHR) adopted by the Malabo Protocol 2014, and which called on all African Union (A.U) State parties to sign and ratify same, inarguably, raised questions concerning its prospects and challenges to the development of international criminal justice system. This study, therefore, argues that this development may undermine the universality of the Protocol of the International Criminal Court (ICC) and encumbered extradition processes in Africa if the coordinate jurisdict

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Guizzardi Righetti, Giampaolo. "Finding Hope for International Corporate Liability in a Post-Kiobel and Jesner World: from the Malabo Protocol to the ICSID Jurisprudence." Humanitäres Völkerrecht 3, no. 1 (2020): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.35998/huv-2020-0004.

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Ekori, Aghem Hanson, and Paul S. Masumbe. "Putin on Trial: The Reality of Heads of State Immunity before International Criminal Courts." Polit Journal: Scientific Journal of Politics 2, no. 1 (2022): 29–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.33258/polit.v2i1.621.

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The prosecution of serving heads of state before international criminal courts is still very challenging even though most of these courts do not recognise immunities for international crimes. While the recognition of head of state immunity before national and foreign domestic courts for international crimes is supported by customary international law, the recognition of immunities before international criminal courts is determined by the statute creating the court.. Consequently, while the Rome Statute creating the International Criminal Court (the ICC) does not recognise any form of immunity,

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Choi, Tae Hyun. "Adoption of the ‘Malabo Protocol’ to Create the African Criminal Court and Its Major Issues — With Special Reference to the Immunity of the Heads of State —." Institute for Legal Studies 37, no. 2 (2020): 79–118. http://dx.doi.org/10.18018/hylr.2020.37.2.079.

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Fahmy, Walid. "From the Establishment of the Court of Justice of the African Union to Malabo Protocol: The Defies to the Regional Judicial Mode of Protection of Human Rights." Russian Law Journal 7, no. 2 (2019): 165–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.17589/2309-8678-2019-7-2-165-193.

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The judicial method of dispute resolution has aroused in Africa countless turnarounds of positions, from rejection to acceptance, from construction to destruction, to allow its transformation. It seems to have recently stabilized in the figure of the African Court of Justice and Human Rights, merging the two existing regional judicial bodies. It is already known to us that the two Tribunals have two main pre-defined functions, one that deals with the resolution of conflicts between States of the continent and the other on the protection of human rights, which are quite different roles. So, in

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Bukuru, Jean-Batiste, and Aleksandr Solntsev. "The Issues of Legitimacy of the International Criminal Court in Its Relations with African Countries in the Sphere of Counteracting International Crimes." Russian Journal of Criminology 13, no. 2 (2019): 332–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.17150/2500-4255.2019.13(2).332-339.

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The authors study the legitimacy of the establishment and work of the International Criminal Court (ICC) from the perspective of African countries. They point out that African countries initially supported the idea of creating the ICC and actively participated in its establishment and development. However, after the Court initiated investigations regarding the current President of Sudan Omar Al-Bashir and other African leaders (current President of Kenia Uhuru Muigai Kenyatta, its Vice-President William Samoei Ruto, former Head of the Great Libyan Arab Jamahiriya Muammar Gaddafi, the ex-Presid

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Novriana, Reza, Hasrul Hasrul, Maria Montessori, and Suryanef Suryanef. "Resistensi Masyarakat terhadap Kebijakan Protokol Kesehatan pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19 di Nagari Lubuk Malako." Journal of Civic Education 5, no. 2 (2022): 175–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.24036/jce.v5i2.639.

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Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi bentuk-bentuk dan faktor penyebab masyarakat melakukan resistensi terhadap kebijakan protokol kesehatan di Nagari Lubuk Malako. Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh banyaknya pelanggaran dan penolakan yang dilakukan oleh masyarakat terhadap protokol kesehatan pada masa pandemi Covid-19 di Nagari Lubuk Malako. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data yaitu wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Keabsahan data diuji dengan tringulasi sumber. Data yang telah diperoleh terse

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Tshitshi Ndouba, Kayamba. "El andamiaje del regionalismo internacional penal africano: problemas y perspectivas." Anuario Mexicano de Derecho Internacional 1, no. 20 (2020): 459. http://dx.doi.org/10.22201/iij.24487872e.2020.20.14483.

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El Protocolo de reforma del Protocolo relativo al Estatuto de la Corte Africana de Justicia y de Derechos Humanos (Protocolo de Malabo) extiende las competencias penales a la Corte Africana de Justicia y Derechos Humanos (CAJDH) para el enjuiciamiento criminal y la represión de los crímenes reconocidos en el derecho internacional. Este instrumento es la pieza fundamental en torno a la cual se desarrolla la primera experiencia global de regionalización del derecho internacional penal. Este artículo examina, desde una perspectiva crítica, las lagunas jurídicas y los elementos belígeros de este p

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Krzan, Bartłomiej. "Regionalizacja międzynarodowego sądownictwa karnego z perspektywy zasady komplementarności na przykładzie proponowanego Afrykańskiego Trybunału Sprawiedliwości oraz Praw Człowieka I Ludów." Studia Prawnicze, no. 1 (217) (June 30, 2019): 89–111. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3246697.

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The present contribution deals with recent trends of regionalizing international criminal justice, as in the case of the proposed extension of jurisdiction of the African Court of Justice and Human and People’s Rights over international crimes, and examines them against the background of the principle of complementarity, whose classic aim would be to allocate jurisdiction between the International Criminal Court and national courts. It is argued that the traditional understanding of complementarity may be extended to accommodate also regional criminal tribunals. A regional layer of crimi

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Onomrerhinor, Flora Alohan. "Eliminating Safe Havens for Transnational Cybercrimes in the African Continental Free Trade Area." Journal of Intellectual Property and Information Technology Law (JIPIT) 2, no. 1 (2022): 49–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.52907/jipit.v2i1.206.

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The continuous advancement in technology makes cybercrimes effortlessly transnational. Existing literature reveals that the inadequacies of cybercrime-specific legislations, procedural powers, and enforceable mutual legal assistance provisions constitute jurisdictional challenges to the prosecution of transnational cybercrimes (TNCCs). This paper appraises the adequacy of legal responses to jurisdictional challenges of TNCCs in the African region, especially the African Union Convention on Cyber Security and Personal Data Protection (the Malabo Convention). It argues that the presence of state

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During, Lisabeth. "Catherine Malabou and the Currency of Hegelianism." Hypatia 15, no. 4 (2000): 190–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1527-2001.2000.tb00361.x.

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Catherine Malabou is a professor of philosophy at Paris-Nanterre. A collaborator and student of Jacques Derrida, her work shares some of his interest in rigorous protocols of reading, and a willingness to attend to the undercurrents of over-read and “too familiar” texts. But, as she points out, this orientation was shared by Hegel himself. Arguing against Heidegger, Kojève, and other critics of Hegel, the book in which this Introduction appears puts Hegel back on the map of the present.

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Anne, Marie Nsaka Kabunda. "The International Criminal Court and Africa: The Decision to Withdraw Or Cooperate." International Journal of Management Sciences and Business Research 7, no. 11 (2018): 169–78. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3490199.

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The International Criminal Court (ICC) was established by the Rome Statute (2002) and mandated to prosecute and judge the authors of the most serious international crimes, namely war crimes, genocide, crimes against humanity and the crime of aggression. African Union (AU) the Member States played a critical role in its creation and remain instrumental in its functioning. However, in recent times, AU Member States have levelled a great deal of criticism and threatened to withdraw from the ICC because they accused it of been bias and focussing on Africa despite the crimes under its jurisdiction

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Ofodile, Uche Ewelukwa. "Protocol on the Establishment of the African Monetary Fund & Statute of the African Monetary Fund." International Legal Materials 54, no. 3 (2015): 507–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.5305/intelegamate.54.3.0507.

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On June 27, 2014, at the 23rd Ordinary Session of the Summit of the African Union held in Malobo, Equatorial Guinea, member states of the Africa Union adopted the Protocol on the Establishment of the African Monetary Fund (Fund). Plan for the Fund is not new but dates back to the 1963 Charter of the Organization of African Unity (the predecessor to the Africa Union) as well as to the 1991 Abuja Treaty—the agreement that established the African Economic Community and put in place a framework for continental integration. The Constitutive Act of the African Union (Constitutive Act) adopted in 200

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Iglesias Vázquez, María del Ángel. "África y la Justicia Internacional: una agitada relación." Deusto Journal of Human Rights, no. 6 (December 20, 2020): 153–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.18543/djhr.1910.

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El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo el poner sobre la mesa el problema habido sobre las relaciones entre los Estados africanos y la justicia internacional, en especial por lo que al Tribunal Penal Internacional se refiere. Trata de mostrar que, si bien el Protocolo de Malabo no ha tenido el éxito esperado por sus redactores, la justicia regional ha estado trabajando demostrando su eficacia. Y es que diversas causas, como el malestar de los Estados del continente por sentirse foco de atención de La Haya clamando una suerte de doble estándar en la actuación de la Corte Penal o un atentado a

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Lawson, Michael. "Tribunal Penal Africano? A conflituosa relação entre o Tribunal Penal Internacional e a África." Cadernos de Política Exterior 5, no. 8 (2019): 123–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.61623/cpe.v5n9.a07.

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Aos vinte anos do Estatuto de Roma, a principal narrativa sobre o Tribunal Penal Internacional (TPI), primeira corte criminal internacional permanente, é a crise de legitimidade por ele enfrentada em decorrência de sua conflituosa relação com a África, continente de que se originam praticamente todos os casos em andamento no tribunal. Através de pesquisa bibliográfica, o artigo propõe-se a investigar como o continente africano, representado pela União Africana, passou de firme apoiador a obstinado opositor do TPI. A situação relativa ao Sudão e a expedição de mandados de prisão contra o presid

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Iglesias, Vázquez María del Ángel. "África y la Justicia Internacional: una agitada relación." Deusto Journal of Human Rights 6 (December 21, 2024): 153–77. https://doi.org/10.18543/djhr.1910.

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El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo el poner sobre la mesa el problema habido sobre las relaciones entre los Estados africanos y la justicia internacional, en especial por lo que al Tribunal Penal Internacional se refiere. Trata de mostrar que, si bien el Protocolo de Malabo no ha tenido el éxito esperado por sus redactores, la justicia regional ha estado trabajando demostrando su eficacia. Y es que diversas causas, como el malestar de los Estados del continente por sentirse foco de atención de La Haya clamando una suerte de doble estándar en la actuación d

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Dhaka, Ravindra Kumar, Nivedita Chauhan, Chaman Lal Negi, Naresh Thakur, and M. K. Brahmi. "Seed Morphology and Tetrazolium Quick Seed Viability Test of Malabar Neem (Melia dubia Cav.) Under Laboratory Condition." Journal of Experimental Agriculture International 46, no. 10 (2024): 841–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/jeai/2024/v46i103009.

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Melia dubia Cav. commonly known as Malabar Neem, is an economically important fast-growing indigenous multipurpose tree species of India. It has a wide range of applications from medicinal utilities such as treating pain, fever, and infections, to agricultural and industrial uses viz., fodder, seed oil, resin, fuel wood, timber and its wood being utilized in the paper, matchbox, and plywood industries. Malabar Neem generally is distributed in tropical and sub-tropical regions of India and introduced in many countries of South Africa, the Middle East, North and South America, Brazil, Bermuda, A

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Amarachi F. Ndubuisi. "The impact of international cybersecurity treaties on domestic cybercrime control and national critical infrastructure protection." World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 20, no. 3 (2023): 2285–304. https://doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2023.20.3.2549.

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The rising frequency and severity of cyberattacks have elevated cybersecurity to a global policy imperative, prompting the negotiation and ratification of international cybersecurity treaties. These agreements aim to foster cross-border cooperation, streamline legal standards, and create mechanisms for joint response to cyber threats. This paper critically examines the impact of such international cybersecurity treaties on domestic efforts to control cybercrime and safeguard national critical infrastructure. Beginning with an overview of the evolving international cybersecurity landscape, the

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Vladykina, Anna. "The African Criminal Court: Questions of Legality and Legitimacy." Международное право и международные организации / International Law and International Organizations, no. 3 (March 2022): 51–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.7256/2454-0633.2022.3.38662.

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In this article, the author investigated the legality and legitimacy of the African Criminal Court. Despite the immunity provision criticized by the international community, its legality is consistent with international law, while it cannot be argued that the African Criminal Court is an African "panacea" for combating impunity for serious international crimes. The initial support of the International Criminal Court by the African Union and its member States in the process of creation turned into strained relations after the indictment of the International Criminal Courts mainly against high-r

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Aprianti, Rina, Ida Rahmawati, Dwi Putri Sulistiyaningsih, et al. "UPAYA PENCEGAHAN DAN PENGURANGAN RISIKO PENULARAN COVID-19 PADA KELOMPOK NELAYAN DI KELURAHAN MALABERO KOTA BENGKULU." Jurnal Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat Wahana Usada 3, no. 1 (2022): 10–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.47859/wuj.v3i1.68.

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ABSTRAK Latar Belakang: Belum adanya obat dan juga terapi yang sesuai untuk menurunkan angka suspositif Covid-19, WHO merekomendasikan kepada seluruh penduduk di dunia untuk dapat mewaspadai penyebaran Covid-19 dengan melakukan beberapa tindakan pencegahan seperti menjaga jarak, menggunakan masker, dan mencuci tangan. Sektor informal seperti kelompok nelayan pada daerah pesisir pantai berpotensi terjadi penyebaran virus Covid 19 dikarenakan beberapa aktifitas masyarakat setempat seperti pelelangan ikan, berlayar, serta berkumpul mebuat jala dan perahu. Tujuan: kegiatan ini bertujuan seba

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Araújo Santos, Rodrigo, Norma Lúcia Luz Sampaio, and Maria Cecilia Fonseca Azoubel. "Terapia fotodinámica en el tratamiento de la osteonecrosis inducida por fármacos: reporte de un caso." Odontología Sanmarquina 24, no. 4 (2021): 373–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.15381/os.v24i4.21320.

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El objetivo del presente caso fue investigar los beneficios de la terapia fotodinámica (TFD) en ciclos de aplicación como método de tratamiento de la osteonecrosis inducida por fármacos (ONMRM), reportando el caso de un paciente masculino de 75 años, blanco, con diagnóstico de neoplasia maligna renal con metástasis pulmonares y óseas en tratamiento con malato de sunitinib y denosumab. El paciente fue derivado para evaluación dental en un consultorio habilitado para atender pacientes con necesidades especiales, en la ciudad de Salvador-Ba. En el examen intraoral se observaron áreas de tejido ós

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Avendaño-Villa, Inírida, Omar Fernando Cortés-Peña, and Hilda Guerrero-Cuentas. "Competencias sociales y tecnologías de la información y la comunicación como factores asociados al desempeño en estudiantes de básica primaria con experiencia de desplazamiento forzado." Diversitas 11, no. 1 (2015): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.15332/s1794-9998.2015.0001.01.

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<p align="justify">El presente artículo tiene como propósito central describir los principales referentes teóricos y hallazgos derivados del análisis relacional entre las competencias sociales, las actitudes frente al uso de las TIC y el desempeño académico a partir de los reportes de una muestra conformada por docentes (9), padres de familia (60) y estudiantes (60) del nivel de básica primaria en la I.E. Villa Campo (Malambo) e I.E.D. Carrizal (Barranquilla), quienes han sido expuestos a la experiencia del desplazamiento forzado. Para tal efecto, se administró inicialmente el protocolo

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Ali, Norsita. "Mastery of Reading Skills in Malay Language among Preschool Children during the Covid-19 Pandemic: Challenges for Teachers." International Journal of Social Science And Human Research 05, no. 08 (2022): 3675–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.47191/ijsshr/v5-i8-46.

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The new norms of education during the COVID-19 pandemic caused many to worry that year one children would not be able to master reading skills. This study aims to identify the mastery of Malay language reading skills among preschool children from the perception of teachers and explore the challenges faced by preschool teachers when conducting teaching and facilitation at home (TFH). This qualitative study uses a case study method by interviewing four participants consisting of preschool teachers and teachers teaching year one pupils. The research participants were selected using the purposive

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Sebastian, Divya, Jaison Joseph, and Elezebeth Mathews. "The prevalence and correlates of comorbidities among patients with cancer attending a tertiary care cancer center in South India: An analytical cross-sectional study." Cancer Research, Statistics, and Treatment 6, no. 4 (2023): 526–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/crst.crst_93_23.

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Background: Comorbidities in patients with cancer can affect treatment, and should, therefore, be prioritized and managed. Objectives: Our primary aim was to assess the prevalence of comorbidities among patients with cancer. The secondary objective was to identify the association of comorbidities with various sociodemographic and clinical variables. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted between December 2019 and March 2020 among patients with cancer, seeking treatment at Malabar Cancer Center, in Kannur District of northern Kerala in South India. Semi-structured int

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Daston, Raphael Mpando, and Chipindi Ferdinand. "Assessing the Impact of Performance Management Systems on Reward Management and Staff Motivation in Malawi: A Case Study of Lilongwe University of Agriculture and Natural Resources (LUANAR)." Journal of Economics, Finance And Management Studies 07, no. 11 (2024): 6880–94. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14227441.

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The study assessed the impact of performance management systems (PMS) on reward management and staff motivation at the Lilongwe University of Agriculture and Natural Resources (LUANAR) in Malawi. Its objectives were: to assess the implementation of the PMS at LUANAR, focusing on its alignment with reward management practices and its effect on staff motivation; to examine the efficacy of the current PMS at LUANAR in enhancing reward management practices and staff motivation; and to identify challenges affecting the optimal functioning of the PMS along with devised interventions at LUANAR. The s

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Hardy, Victoria, Yvonne O'Connor, Ciara Heavin, et al. "The added value of a mobile application of Community Case Management on referral, re-consultation and hospitalization rates of children aged under 5 years in two districts in Northern Malawi: study protocol for a pragmatic, stepped-wedge cluster-randomized controlled trial." Trials 18, no. 1 (2017): 475. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13063-017-2213-z.

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<strong>Background: </strong>There is evidence to suggest that frontline community health workers in Malawi are under-referring children to higher-level facilities. Integrating a digitized version of paper-based methods of Community Case Management (CCM) could strengthen delivery, increasing urgent referral rates and preventing unnecessary re-consultations and hospital admissions. This trial aims to evaluate the added value of the Supporting LIFE electronic Community Case Management Application (SL eCCM App) compared to paper-based CCM on urgent referral, re-consultation and hospitalization ra

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Nikita Das, P. D. Pawar, P.P. Mhase, et al. "Incidence and risk factors associated with parasitic infections in captive wild mammals and birds in Indian zoos." Journal of Threatened Taxa 16, no. 7 (2024): 25590–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.11609/jott.8134.16.7.25590-25597.

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Present study was conducted to record the seasonal incidence and worm burden (eggs per gram of faeces) of helminthic infections and to evaluate the efficacy of deworming protocols followed for control of parasitic infections in captive animals (including birds) at the zoo. Freshly voided faecal samples were collected during winter, monsoon and summer from 150 captive animals including wild mammals (n = 95) and birds (n = 55) between 1–15 years of age kept at Rajiv Gandhi Zoo and Wildlife Research Centre Karaj, Pune (Zoo-I) and Nisargakavi Bahinabai Chaudhary Zoo, Pimpri Chinwad (Zoo-II) in Mah

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Barigayomwe, Ph.D., Rogers. "An Evaluation of the Impediments to the Establishment of the African Criminal Court & the Prospects for Justice and Peace in Africa." International Journal of Social Science and Human Research 7, no. 04 (2024). http://dx.doi.org/10.47191/ijsshr/v7-i04-10.

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When the Malabo Protocol was adopted in 2014, which, if ratified by at least 15 out of the 55 African Union (AU) Member States would lead to the creation of an African Criminal Court (ACC), it was received with great enthusiasm for a number of reasons. Notable among these were that the creation of the ACC would provide an avenue to address African challenges and crimes committed in the continent in an Africa way- echoing the notion of African solution to African problems. Yet, since it was adopted in June 2014 not even a single AU Member State has ratified the Malabo Protocol. Against this bac

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Mushoriwa, Linda. "The African Court's Jurisdiction over the "International" Eco-Crime of Trafficking in Hazardous Wastes: Challenges and Opportunities." Potchefstroom Electronic Law Journal 27 (June 5, 2024). http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/1727-3781/2024/v27i0a13517.

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This article gives an overview of the jurisdiction of the proposed African Court of Justice and Human Rights (African Court) over the transnational crime of trafficking in hazardous wastes as provided for in Article 28 L of the Malabo Protocol. It asserts that Article 28 L ought to be considered as emancipatory in view of the factors which motivated its inclusion in the Protocol; and that it is a significant innovation not only for the African Union but for the field of international criminal justice as a whole. The article concludes that the criminalisation of trafficking in hazardous waste t

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Sanghvi, Niriksha. "Development of Unconstitutional Change of Government under the Malabo Protocol – From Prohibition to Over-Criminalisation?" African Journal of Legal Studies, February 4, 2021, 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/17087384-12340075.

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Abstract Post-colonial Africa has been caught in military coups and civil wars. Incumbent leaders have refused to step down and hand over power post-elections or amended the constitution to not get voted out of power. In this context, three main challenges to democracy in Africa are military coups, lack of free and fair elections and illegal constitutional amendments to entrench de facto monarchy. To combat this, the Malabo Protocol, which introduces criminal jurisdiction of the African Court of Justice and Human Rights, criminalises unconstitutional change of government (‘UCG’). The article o

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Juma, Nasru. "Of Hope and Despair: Unmasking Immunity under the Malabo Protocol." SSRN Electronic Journal, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4348748.

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Nimigan, Sarah. "The Malabo Protocol, the ICC, and the Idea of ‘Regional Complementarity’." Journal of International Criminal Justice, November 5, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jicj/mqz040.

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Abstract The African Union (AU) has taken steps to regionalize international criminal law through the expansion of the African Court of Justice and Human Rights (ACJHR) vis-à-vis the Malabo Protocol. The principle of complementarity is a cornerstone of the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court (ICC). The Rome Statute crystallizes a complementary relationship between the ICC and domestic legal systems under Article 17 but makes no mention of regional or ad hoc jurisdictions. Prospects for including regional jurisdictions within the principle of complementarity are contingent upon a p

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Ba, Oumar. "Exit from Nuremberg to the Hague: The Malabo Protocol and the Pan-African Road to Arusha." Global Studies Quarterly 3, no. 3 (2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/isagsq/ksad047.

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Abstract In adopting the Malabo Protocol and creating the African Court of Justice and Human Rights, the African Union has established the first ever regional court with international criminal jurisdiction. This milestone signals once again, the role of African institutions in creating and developing norms in international politics. Yet, both International Relations (IR) theories and debates and official narratives of the historiography of the international legal order tend to omit the sustained contributions of African states and institutions. Echoes of the African Union (AU)’s efforts to def

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García-Casas, María. "The Crime of Unconstitutional Change of Government." Journal of International Criminal Justice, August 9, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jicj/mqab049.

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Abstract The entry into force of the Protocol on Amendments to the Protocol on the Statute of the African Court of Justice and Human Rights (hereinafter the Malabo Protocol) will imply the activation of the International Criminal Law Section of the African Court of Justice and Human and Peoples’ Rights, along with the new crimes there included — among them, the crime of unconstitutional change of government. While the African Union (AU)’s concern over these changes of government is understandable, the criminalization of them raises several doubts. First, the lack of precision in the wording ma

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Dinokopila, Bonolo Ramadi. "The Malabo PAP Protocol: a catalyst for the evolution of the Pan-African Parliament?" Journal of Legislative Studies, January 6, 2025, 1–25. https://doi.org/10.1080/13572334.2024.2448931.

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van Sliedregt, Elies. "The Future of International Criminal Justice is Corporate." Journal of International Criminal Justice, March 16, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1093/jicj/mqaf004.

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Abstract The article explores the evolving recognition of corporate liability within international criminal law (ICL), traditionally centred on individual criminal responsibility. It underscores the involvement of multinational corporations in international crimes, human rights abuse and environmental harm. The article examines domestic and international legal frameworks, including the Malabo Protocol, which explicitly incorporates corporate liability for core international crimes and transnational crimes. It contrasts nominalist and organizational models of corporate liability and addresses c

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Ford, Stuart. "Between Hope and Doubt: The Malabo Protocol and the Resource Requirements of an African Criminal Court." SSRN Electronic Journal, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3128576.

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Mushoriwa, Linda. "The African Court’s Jurisdiction over the Crime of Unconstitutional Change of Government and the African Union’s Sanctions Regime: A Comparative Analysis." Comparative and International Law Journal of Southern Africa, April 16, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.25159/2522-3062/11635.

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This paper provides a comparative assessment of the criminalisation of unconstitutional change of government before the proposed African Court of Justice and Human Rights (African Court), and the African Union’s sanctions regime, which is part of its legal and policy framework to respond to unconstitutional change of government. Using Niger and Gabon as case studies, the paper examines the efficacy of the African Union (and the Economic Community of West African States, in the case of Niger) sanctions regime in response to the recent military coups in these selected countries. It is argued tha

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Riloha Rivas, Matilde, Marian Warsame, Ramona Mbá Andeme, et al. "Therapeutic efficacy of artesunate-amodiaquine and artemether-lumefantrine and polymorphism in Plasmodium falciparum kelch13-propeller gene in Equatorial Guinea." Malaria Journal 20, no. 1 (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12936-021-03807-x.

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Abstract Background Artesunate-amodiaquine (ASAQ) and artemether-lumefantrine (AL) are the currently recommended first- and second-line therapies for uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum infections in Equatorial Guinea. This study was designed to evaluate the efficacy of these artemisinin-based combinations and detect mutations in P. falciparum kelch13-propeller domain gene (Pfkelch13). Methods A single-arm prospective study evaluating the efficacy of ASAQ and AL at three sites: Malabo, Bata and Ebebiyin was conducted between August 2017 and July 2018. Febrile children aged six months to 10 yea

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Montero Ferrer, Carmen. "La participación de las víctimas y la sociedad civil en la reformada Corte Africana de Justicia y Derechos Humanos: un estudio comparativo a la luz de la jurisprudencia de la Corte Penal Internacional The participation of victims and civil." Anuario Iberoamericano de Derecho Internacional Penal 7 (December 3, 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.12804/revistas.urosario.edu.co/anidip/a.8536.

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En junio de 2014 la Asamblea de Jefes de Estado y de Gobierno de la Unión Africana adoptó el Protocolo de Enmienda al Estatuto de la Corte Africana de Justicia y Derechos Humanos, conocido como Protocolo de Malabo, que, entre otras cuestiones, crea la Sección de Derecho Internacional Penal (en adelante, SDIP) dotada de jurisdicción para perseguir crímenes de lesa humanidad, genocidio y guerra. En líneas generales, dicha iniciativa responde a las tensiones surgidas en los últimos años entre algunos estados africanos, la Unión Africana (UA) y la CPI, y a pesar de que hasta la fecha ningún estado

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