Journal articles: 'Malacologists'

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Li, Jingchun. "Early Career Malacologists Symposium: Introduction." American Malacological Bulletin 34, no. 2 (December 2016): 147. http://dx.doi.org/10.4003/006.034.0211.

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CHESNEY, HELENA C. G. "Ireland's pioneering malacologists—from dredging to drummondi." Archives of Natural History 22, no. 3 (October 1995): 321–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/anh.1995.22.3.321.

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Walker, Sally E. "Marvelously Matched Malacologists: Harold and Emily Vokes." Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 166, no. 1-2 (February 2001): 3–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0031-0182(00)00198-x.

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Héra, Zoltán. "A Somogy Megyei Múzeum puhatestű (Mollusca) gyűjteményének gyarapodása II. : Dr. Wiesinger Márton gyűjteménye." Natura Somogyiensis, no. 10 (2007): 95—120. http://dx.doi.org/10.24394/natsom.2007.10.95.

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In 2004 a mollusc collection from Dr. Wiesinger's legacy was given to Natural History Department of Somogy County Museum. This paper reports the material recorded by Wiesinger and other famous Hungarian malacologists.

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Vinarski, Maxim V. "An interesting case of predominantly sinistral population of Lymnaea stagnalis (L.) (Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Lymnaeidae)." Malacologica Bohemoslovaca 6 (March 20, 2007): 17–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/mab2007-6-17.

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An interesting population of the common pond snail (L. stagnalis s.lat.) with a predominance of sinistral individuals is described. The discussion is based on a shell sample gathered by Russian malacologists Lindholm & Bäckmann in July 1917 in vicinity of Sankt-Petersburg (housed in the Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Science). Shell measurements, their ratios as well as possible explanations for the origin of this dimorphism are given.

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Berschauer, David. "“A three hour tour” - Reflections on Shelling Sint Maarten as a Port During a Cruise." Festivus 49, no. 1 (February 1, 2017): 33–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.54173/f49133.

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The island of Saint Martin in the Leeward Island chain of the Lesser Antilles has not been thoroughly explored by malacologists. The author had a brief opportunity to visit the island and conduct a cursory survey of the marine molluscan fauna. This paper details that experience and provides an accounting of 91 taxa of marine mollusks found on shore among the floatsam and jetsum of Great Bay, Phillipsburg, Sint Maarten, as well as some intriguing specific findings.

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Willsie, Julia A., Todd J. Morris, and David T. Zanatta. "Morphometric Analyses Distinguish Wabash Pigtoe (Fusconaia flava) and Round Pigtoe (Pleurobema sintoxia) Mussels." Diversity 12, no. 9 (September 3, 2020): 337. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d12090337.

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Wabash Pigtoe, Fusconaia flava, and the related Round Pigtoe, Pleurobema sintoxia, are freshwater mussels (Bivalvia: Unionidae: Pleurobemini) native to the Great Lakes region of North America. Fusconaia flava is considered widespread and relatively common while P. sintoxia is considered an imperiled species. These species are similar in shell shape and coloration and have confounded many freshwater malacologists, resulting in frequent misidentifications. We sought to determine if morphometric analyses could be used to reliably distinguish between these species. Two hundred and forty-six specimens were collected from rivers in Michigan and Ontario. For each specimen, a preliminary identification was made, shell measurements and foot color (orange or white) were documented, and photos of the left shell valve were taken. A genetic sample was taken from 133 specimens for cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COI) barcoding. COI sequences were used for species identification by comparing to sequences on GenBank. Twenty-one digitized landmarks along the outline of the left valve were analyzed and compared to the results of the DNA barcoding. Landmark data correctly assigned 99.2% of specimens to their DNA-confirmed species identity, compared to 82.0% accuracy of field identifications and 77.0% accuracy for foot color. The creation of a DNA-confirmed morphometric database will aid freshwater malacologists across the Great Lakes region in differentiating between these species.

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Micali, Pasquale, and Alberto Villari. "Plio-Pleistocene molluscs of Gravitelli (Messina), with description of Toroidia tavianii n. sp. (Gastropoda, Calliotropidae)." Bollettino Malacologico 59, no. 1 (May 4, 2023): 121–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.53559/bollmalacol.2022.18.

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We revise critically the Plio-Pleistocene mollusc fauna from the historical site of Gravitelli (Messina, Sicily, Italy), studied by the famous Sicilian malacologists Andrea Aradas, Giuseppe Seguenza and his son Luigi Seguenza. Molluscs were mostly found in marly and sandy sediments deposited in deep circalittoral or upper bathyal paleoenvironments. Our study integrates historical findings with new discoveries in the area. Overall, our updated list of molluscs from Gravitelli includes 101 taxa (some identified only at generic level), of which five are new Plio-Pleistocene records and one (Toroidia tavianii n. sp.) is new to science.

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Héra, Zoltán. "A Somogy Megyei Múzeum puhatestű (Mollusca) gyűjteményének gyarapodása I." Natura Somogyiensis, no. 9 (2006): 79—129. http://dx.doi.org/10.24394/natsom.2006.9.79.

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A small but old collection of mollusc from Dr. Wiesinger's legacy got to the collection of the Natural History Department of Somogy County Museum. Altogether 2600 items, 18000 specimens can be found in the revised collection, the bigger part of the collection (Tolnai's coll.) date from the first part of 20th century. Now the author published the date of Tolnai's collection in this paper. There are collection materials not only from Dr. Tolnai but also his famous contemporary malacologists: Streda R., H. Barthelmes, Geyer, Hässlein, W. Klemm, Schlickum, W. R., Jaeckel, S., Modell, H. Waldén, H. W.

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Páll-Gergely, Barna, and Péter Sólymos. "Ants as shell collectors: notes on land snail shells found around ant nests." Malacologica Bohemoslovaca 8 (March 17, 2009): 14–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/mab2009-8-14.

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We investigated the shell collecting activities of harvester ants (Messor spp.) in semi-arid grasslands and shrubs in Turkey. We found eleven species of snails in the area, two of them were not collected by ants. Eight – mainly small sized – snail species were found on ant nests in a habitat characterized by shrubs, three in rocky grassland and four in a grassland habitat. Some shells (e.g. Chondrus zebrula tantalus, Multidentula ovularis) might be taken into the nests, and we hypothesise that some of these snail species are consumed by ants (Monacha spp.). From a fauna inventory perspective, shell collecting activities of harvester ant may help malacologists to ﬁnd snail species which are normally hidden for a specialist (e.g. Oxychilus hydatinus, Cecilioides spp.) due to their special habits.

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Koch, Eduardo, Stella M. Martin, and Nestor F. Ciocco. "A molecular contribution to the controversial taxonomical status of some freshwater snails (Caenogastropoda: Rissooidea, Cochliopidae) from the Central Andes desert to Patagonia." Iheringia. Série Zoologia 105, no. 1 (March 2015): 69–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1678-4766201510516975.

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For over 40 years malacologists have been discussing the taxonomical status of Heleobia species, an enigmatic genus from Cochliopidae family (Caenogastropoda: Rissooidea). As with other rissooidean families, the considerable character convergence and the paucity of anatomical synapomorphies has proved to be a problem in resolving cochliopid phylogenetic relations and establishing the validity of several nominal cochliopid species. Here we present a molecular contribution to solve the taxonomical status of one of the most abundant Southern South America cochliopid genera which has many endemic species. We report molecular evidence that supports three of the four Heleobia groups described for this region, the "australis", "parchappii" and "piscium" groups. The fourth, the "hatcheri" group, belongs not to Heleobia but to a different genus which itself should not be considered as part of the family Cochliopidae but closely related to genus Potamolithus Pilsbry & Rush, 1896.

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KABAT, ALAN R., and RICHARD E. PETIT. "Glenn Robert Webb (1918–1999), his molluscan taxa,and his journal Gastropodia (1952–1994)." Zootaxa 1589, no. 1 (September 19, 2007): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1589.1.1.

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Glenn Robert Webb (1918–1999) was a prolific author on the reproductive biology of the terrestrial pulmonates (Mollusca) of the United States. Webb published almost 110 papers, notes and abstracts, many containing detailed descriptions of the functional morphology and reproduction of these gastropods, which remain of value in resolving their phylogeny. Webb described two family-level names (both still considered valid), ten genus-level names (at least seven remain valid), and ten species-level names, all for terrestrial pulmonates. Webb also edited and published the journal Gastropodia, which appeared in thirteen issues, from 1952–1994, and contained extensive original research on the terrestrial pulmonates. Several other malacologists, notably Leslie Hubricht, also published articles and described new species in Gastropodia. This paper provides a biography of Webb, a complete bibliography of his publications, and a list of his taxa, along with a list of other authors’ publications and new taxa in Gastropodia. Webb’s research collection, including some type specimens, and his notebooks, are now housed in the Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago.

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Horsák, Michal, Lucie Juřičková, Luboš Beran, Tomáš Čejka, and Libor Dvořák. "Komentovaný seznam měkkýšů zjištěných ve volné přírodě České a Slovenské republiky [Annotated list of mollusc species recorded outdoors in the Czech and Slovak Republics]." Malacologica Bohemoslovaca 9, S1 (October 10, 2010): 1–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/mab2010-9-s1-v2.

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In this paper we provide a new list of all the mollusc species recorded outdoors in the Czech and Slovak Republics. This work is a supplement of the Ložek’s key on molluscs of the former Czechoslovakia. For the species recorded after the publishing of the book, publications of their first records in the Czech and Slovak Republics are given. Species which are either not included in this Ložek’s book or whose current taxonomical status highly differs from that published in the book are supplied with Czech commentaries, photographs of their shells or bodies, and drawings of important identification characters. This material is aimed at Czech and Slovak malacologists to provide information, missing or scattered in the literature, on currently known mollusc fauna of the Czech and Slovak Republics. The Ložek’s book and this supplement should provide necessary information on identification, ecology and also distribution of all mollusc species currently known from the Czech and Slovak Republics. If the species names used in this paper differ from the ones used in the Ložek’s book, we mention both. So far 247 species of molluscs, including 219 species of gastropods (50 aquatic and 169 terrestrial) and 28 species of bivalves, have been found outdoors in the Czech Republic. The fauna of Slovakia comprises 247 species, including 219 gastropods (51 aquatic and 168 terrestrial) and 28 bivalves. Altogether 282 species occur in the Czech Republic and Slovakia, 212 of them being common to both countries.

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Kropotin, Alexander V., Yulia V. Bespalaya, Olga V. Aksenova, Alexander V. Kondakov, Andrey S. Aksenov, Irina S. Khrebtova, Dmitry M. Palatov, Oksana V. Travina, and Ivan N. Bolotov. "Genetic and Morphological Characterization of the Invasive Corbicula Lineages in European Russia." Water 15, no. 18 (September 11, 2023): 3226. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w15183226.

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Despite the full attention of malacologists to the study of Corbicula clams, stimulated mainly due to their high invasive potential and unique breeding system, studies based on an integrative taxonomic approach to identify various invasive lineages of this genus in European Russia are still limited. Our fieldwork was conducted in the Don, Volga, and Caspian Sea basins. In total, four distinct morphotypes belonging to the European forms R, Rlc, S, and “Int” of Corbicula clams were distinguished. According to our molecular genetic data, two Corbicula lineages, relevant to the nominal species Corbicula fluminea and C. fluminalis, can be defined. We observed a discrepancy between mtDNA haplotypes and morphological features for all individuals that were sampled from the Don and Kura Rivers. Identified mismatch may be due to the androgenetic reproduction of Corbicula that leads to cytonuclear inconsistencies. The 28S rRNA polymorphism in C. fluminea and C. fluminalis from studied localities was recorded. This occurrence is perhaps due to hybridization events between forms R, S, and Rlc. The biogeographic origins of Corbicula invasive lineages are discussed. Corbicula fluminalis (FW17, form S) has been detected for first time in the native range, namely in Azerbaijan, Tajikistan, Turkey, and Myanmar. We assume that the invasion of C. fluminalis into reservoirs and watercourses of the Caspian Sea basin (Republic of Dagestan and Stavropol Krai of Russia) was from Western Asia and Transcaucasia, and the introduction of C. fluminea to the Don and Volga River basins was from unspecified European countries.

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Devaux, Guy. "Un pharmacien malacologiste." Revue d'histoire de la pharmacie 106, no. 402 (2019): 183–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/pharm.2019.23837.

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Inkhavilay, Khamla, Chirasak Sutcharit, Ueangfa Bantaowong, Ratmanee Chanabun, Warut Siriwut, Ruttapon Srisonchai, Arthit Pholyotha, Parin Jirapatrasilp, and Somsak Panha. "Annotated checklist of the terrestrial molluscs from Laos (Mollusca, Gastropoda)." ZooKeys 834 (April 3, 2019): 1–166. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.834.28800.

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The land area of Laos is composed of a large variety of undisturbed habitats, such as high mountainous areas, huge limestone karsts and the lower Mekong Basin. Therefore, Laos is expected to have a high species diversity, especially for the land snails. However, with respect to research on malacology, Laos is probably the least well-researched area for land snail diversity in Indochina (including Laos) over the past few centuries. The handful of species lists have never been systematically revised from the colonial period to the present, so these classifications are outdated. Herein we present the first comprehensive annotated checklist with an up-to-date systematic framework of the land snail fauna in Laos based on both field investigations and literature surveys. This annotated checklist is collectively composed of 231 nominal species (62 ‘prosobranch’ and 169 heterobranches), of which 221 nominal species are illustrated. The type specimens of 143 species from several museum collections and/or 144 species of newly collected specimens are illustrated. There are 58 species recorded as new to the malacofauna of the country, and two new replacement names are proposed as Hemiplectalanxangnica Inkhavilay and Panha, nomen novum (Ariophantidae) and Chloritiskhammouanensis Inkhavilay and Panha, nomen novum (Camaenidae). Four recently described species of the genus Amphidromus from Laos, “thakhekensis”, “richgoldbergi”, “attapeuensis” and “phuonglinhae” are synonymized with previously described species. In addition, thirteen nominal species are listed as uncertain records that may or may not occur in Laos. This annotated checklist may inspire malacologists to carry on systematic research in this region.

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Christensen, Carl C., Robert H. Cowie, Norine W. Yeung, and Kenneth A. Hayes. "Biological Control of Pest Non-Marine Molluscs: A Pacific Perspective on Risks to Non-Target Organisms." Insects 12, no. 7 (June 28, 2021): 583. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects12070583.

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Classic biological control of pest non-marine molluscs has a long history of disastrous outcomes, and despite claims to the contrary, few advances have been made to ensure that contemporary biocontrol efforts targeting molluscs are safe and effective. For more than half a century, malacologists have warned of the dangers in applying practices developed in the field of insect biological control, where biocontrol agents are often highly host-specific, to the use of generalist predators and parasites against non-marine mollusc pests. Unfortunately, many of the lessons that should have been learned from these failed biocontrol programs have not been rigorously applied to contemporary efforts. Here, we briefly review the failures of past non-marine mollusc biocontrol efforts in the Pacific islands and their adverse environmental impacts that continue to reverberate across ecosystems. We highlight the fact that none of these past programs has ever been demonstrated to be effective against targeted species, and at least two (the snails Euglandina spp. and the flatworm Platydemus manokwari) are implicated in the extinction of hundreds of snail species endemic to Pacific islands. We also highlight other recent efforts, including the proposed use of sarcophagid flies and nematodes in the genus Phasmarhabditis, that clearly illustrate the false claims that past bad practices are not being repeated. We are not making the claim that biocontrol programs can never be safe and effective. Instead, we hope that in highlighting the need for robust controls, clear and measurable definitions of success, and a broader understanding of ecosystem level interactions within a rigorous scientific framework are all necessary before claims of success can be made by biocontrol advocates. Without such amendments to contemporary biocontrol programs, it will be impossible to avoid repeating the failures of non-marine mollusc biocontrol programs to date.

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FUKUDA, HIROSHI, TAKUMA HAGA, and YUKI TATARA. "Niku-nuki: a useful method for anatomical and DNA studies on shell-bearing." Zoosymposia 1 (July 25, 2008): 15–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zoosymposia.1.1.5.

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Often only one or a few individuals of rare species are collected. How do we treat them as intact voucher specimens? The shell of the whole individual in formalin or alcohol will corrode or fade. In order to dissect the soft parts, you must crack or dissolve the shell. Niku-nuki, a traditional method that has been used by Japanese malacologists overcomes this dilemma. It is also applicable to minute molluscs. The outline is: 1. Prepare boiling hot freshwater, a small beaker, forceps (with fi ne tips), a small syringe, a petri dish, and a stereomicroscope; 2. When the live animal in the beaker crawls on the bottom, pour boiling hot water over the animal, which is killed immediately. Some seconds later take the specimen out of the hot water, hold it with two fi ngers of one hand and hold the forceps with another hand; 3. Under the microscope, grab the foot with the forceps and pull carefully to just separate the columellar muscle from the shell; 4. Pull the foot again in a petri dish fi lled with cold water as under 3. With coiled gastropods, unscrew the specimen by approximately ¼ whorls. If it is diffi cult to move the soft parts, inject water into the aperture gently with the syringe. Repeat it several times, then you will get an empty shell and the complete soft parts. With this method, we can obtain intact shells and soft parts for multiple purposes such as conchological observation and gross anatomy. DNA can also be extracted from those soft parts because DNA is stable at high temperature. The boiled animal can be dehydrated in alcohol. We can prevent the negative effect of DNase (by heat) and magnesium (by washing in freshwater) on the DNA.

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Wagner, Peter J. "Gastropod phylogenetics: Progress, problems, and implications." Journal of Paleontology 75, no. 6 (November 2001): 1128–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022336000017182.

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Twentieth century fossil gastropod systematics relied extensively on neontological paradigms. However, recent appreciation of the extant gastropod diversity suggests that those early paradigms provided very unsound models. This likely is a greater problem for Paleozoic taxa than for Meso-Cenozoic gastropods because Meso-Cenozoic taxa frequently have easily recognized extant relatives whereas Paleozoic taxa frequently do not. Also, many of the taxa that apparently diverged in the Paleozoic now are limpets and retain little information about the morphologies of their coiled ancestors.Snails could be a model taxon for investigating macroevolutionary patterns because of the clade's dense fossil record. However, paleontologists usually study only adult shells (teleoconchs), and many malacologists maintain that teleoconch characters reflect phytogeny poorly if at all. This is important because many macroevolutionary hypotheses make their most specific predictions given phylogeny. Studies evaluating species- or genus-level relationships typically use more shell characters and states than do studies evaluating suprageneric relationships, as expected if shells evolve rapidly. Monte Carlo tests reject a null hypothesis that rates of homoplasy are equal among shell and soft-anatomy characters for two neogastropod clades, but suggest that these rates differ by less than an order of magnitude. Finally, teleoconch characters fail to unite bellerophontiform species with gastropod muscle scars but successfully unites clusters bellerophontiform species with tergomyan muscle scars. These results corroborate the conventional wisdom that teleoconch character distributions reflect abundant homoplasy, but the results also suggest that these distributions reflect phylogeny, too.If we can control the effects of homoplasy, then gastropods are an excellent “model” group for testing macroevolutionary hypotheses such as changing rates of evolution. Two obvious candidates are rates of morphologic evolution among basal neogastropods, and rates of molecular evolution within clades radiating after the K/T mass extinction.

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Gural, Roman. "Freshwater molluscs fauna of Western Ukraine and its representation in museum collections of Lviv." Proceedings of the State Natural History Museum, no. 36 (December 10, 2020): 41–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.36885/nzdpm.2020.36.41-52.

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Based on the literary and personal data, as well as collections of the State Museum of Natural History of the NAS of Ukraine and the Zoological Museum of the Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, the taxonomic composition and peculiarities of the spatial distribution of gastropods and bivalve molluscs in Western Ukraine have been analyzed. Species lists have been drawn up for the Volhynian (Western) Polissia, Volhynian Upland, Male Polissia, Roztochya and Opillya, Western Podillia, Central (Northern) Podillia, Prut-Dnister interfluve, Ciscarpathian, Transcarpathian lowland and mountainous part of the Ukrainian Carpathians. It is established that in the west of Ukraine, 74 autochthonous and 6 adventitious freshwater molluscs with generally recognized species status, belonging to 35 genera and 15 families, can be considered as reliably registered. Adventitious to Western Ukraine are Potamopyrgus antipodarum, Physella acuta, Menetus dilatatus, Dreissena polymorpha, D. bugensis, Sinanodonta woodiana. Additional confirmation requires the presence of Lithoglyphus pyramidatus, Omphiscola glabra, Physella heterostropha, Planorbis carinatus, Pisidium conventus, P. tenuilineatum. Not taking into account the Central Podillia, poorly researched by malacologists, a distinctly pronounced decrease in the species richness of freshwater molluscs is observed only in the mountainous part of the Ukrainian Carpathians (38 species, 17 genera, 8 families), with the presence of some specific components of freshwater molluscs complexes (small gastropods of the genera Bythinella і Paladilhiopsis). The richest taxonomic composition of freshwater molluscs was noted for Volhynian Polissia: 67 species, 29 genera, 15 families. It has been found that most freshwater molluscs are evenly distributed throughout the plain and foothill territories of Western Ukraine. Only few species can be considered as specific components of freshwater malacocomplexes for one of the physical-geographical areas or river basins. A number of species that are not present in the malacological collection of SMNH NASU, as well as the territories poorly represented in it, have been identified. The results obtained will be taken into account when further collecting the museum collection.

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Audibert, Cédric, and Abraham S. H. Breure. "Un projet autour des malacologistes européens." Bulletin mensuel de la Société linnéenne de Lyon 84, no. 9 (2015): 263–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/linly.2015.17839.

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Schilthuizen, Menno. "Community ecology of tropical forest snails: 30 years after Solem." Contributions to Zoology 80, no. 1 (January 18, 2011): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18759866-08001001.

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Since Solem’s provocative claim in the early 1980s that land snails in tropical forests are neither abundant nor diverse, at least 30 quantitative-ecological papers on tropical land snail communities have appeared. Jointly, these papers have shown that site diversity is, in fact, high in tropical forests; often more than 100 species have been recorded per site, which is somewhat more than normally found at sites in higher latitudes. At the same time, however, point diversities (which usually range between 10 and 30 species per quadrat) appear to be no different from the ones recorded for temperate localities, which suggests that the number of ways in which syntopic resource space can be subdivided among different land snail species has an upper limit that is no higher under tropical conditions. The available data do not allow much analysis of the ecological structuring processes of communities besides very coarse ones, e.g. the proportions of carnivores versus herbivores and Pulmonata versus non-pulmonates. Also, these first 30 years of research have shown that a number of serious methodological and conceptual issues need to be resolved for the field to move ahead; in particular whether empty shells from the forest floor may be used as a proxy for the contemporaneous communities. I make a number of suggestions for ways in which these obstacles may be removed. First, studies should be preceded by exploratory nested sampling in contiguous quadrats of increasing size, spanning several orders of magnitude. The shape of the triphasic species-area curve and nonlinear regression of the small-area end of the curve will help identify the quadrat and site areas that allow ecologically more meaningful studies. Second, researchers should be more aware of the trophic levels of species and restrict their analyses within guilds and within body size classes as much as possible. Testing species abundance distributions against ecologically explicit theoretical models may be a fruitful avenue for research. Finally, I argue that studies of this nature require species abundances that may only be found in tropical land snail communities that live on calcareous substrate, and therefore I suggest that malacologists aiming to understand community structure focus on limestone sites initially.

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Salvador, Rodrigo B., and Jonathan D. Ablett. "Type specimens of Streptaxidae from Henry C. Burnup in the collection of the Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa." African Invertebrates 61, no. 2 (October 23, 2020): 107–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/afrinvertebr.61.58085.

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A small collection containing thirty-nine lots of South African Streptaxidae land snails is housed in the collection of the Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa (NMNZ). This material previously belonged to British/South African malacologist Henry C. Burnup, who either donated it to, or exchanged it with New Zealand-based Swiss malacologist Henry Suter, whose land snail collection was eventually acquired by the NMNZ. The lots contain type specimens of eight taxa (species and subspecies) and are presented herein in the form of an annotated and illustrated catalogue.

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Cleevely, R. J. "Leslie Reginald COX: palaeontologist, malacologist and taxonomist." Archives of Natural History 37, no. 2 (October 2010): 355–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/anh.2010.0018.

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FUKUDA, Hiroshi. "How Did I Become a Conservation Malacologist? (Abstract)." Japanese Journal of Benthology 60 (2005): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.5179/benthos.60.11.

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Čiliak, Marek, and Tomáš Čejka. "Nekrológ Jozef Šteffek (*1952–†2013) Jozef – človek hromadného výskytu [Obituary Jozef Šteffek (*1952–†2013)]." Malacologica Bohemoslovaca 12 (November 21, 2013): 70–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/mab2013-12-70.

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This contribution introduces a professional and human profile of the leading Slovak malacologist Jozef Šteffek, which has sadly passed away in April 2013. A bibliography of his abundant work (yrs 1976–2013) is also included.

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Juřičková, Lucie, and Karel Žák. "Vzpomínka na Jiřího Kovandu [In memory of Jiří Kovanda]." Malacologica Bohemoslovaca 19 (September 13, 2020): 61–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/mab2020-19-61.

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This contribution introduces a profile of the Czech geologist and Quaternary malacologist doc. RNDr. Jiří Kovanda, CSc., who passed away 12th August 2020. A bibliography of his abundant work (yrs 1951–2019) is also included.

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Vinarski, Maxim V. "Alan Mozley: An American malacologist in Siberia (1932–1933)." Folia Malacologica 28, no. 4 (December 4, 2020): 326–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.12657/folmal.028.022.

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The history of malacological exploration of Siberia, made in 1932 and 1933 by the malacologist Alan Mozley, then affiliated with the Smithsonian Institution, USA, is given, with a discussion of his contribution to the knowledge of taxonomy, biogeography and ecology of freshwater and terrestrial molluscs of Northern Asia. The type specimens of the Siberian species and subspecies, described as new by Mozley, are illustrated, with remarks on the current taxonomic status of these taxa. A social-historical context of Mozley’s trip to Stalin’s Russia is also provided, including its connection to the prosecution of Nikolay Vavilov, a key opponent of “Lysenkoism”.

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Hickman, Carole S., and Janice Voltzow. "Amélie Scheltema, 1928–2015 Malacologist, Marine Biologist, Teacher, Activist, Friend." American Malacological Bulletin 34, no. 1 (June 2016): 66–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4003/006.034.0103.

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VAFIADIS, PLATON, and LYNTON D. STEPHENS. "The genus Pelycidion P. Fischer in de Folin & Périer, 1873 (Caenogastropoda: Pickworthiidae: Pelycidiinae) in the northeast Pacific Ocean." Zoosymposia 13, no. 1 (February 28, 2019): 104–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zoosymposia.13.1.11.

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As part of a memorial volume honouring the late malacologist James H. McLean and covering elements of the molluscan fauna of the northeast Pacific Ocean, we here provide an overview of the species Pelycidion kelseyi (Bartsch, 1911). This is the only known member of the subfamily Pelycidiinae occurring in this area.

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MANGANELLI, G., E. LORI, and S. CIANFANELLI. "Eponyms honouring Marianna Paulucci (1835–1919)." Archives of Natural History 36, no. 1 (April 2009): 48–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/e0260954108000612.

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Around 40 scientific names are based on surname or personal name of Marchesa Marianna Panciatichi Ximenes d'Aragona Paulucci (1835–1919). Most eponyms were published over the 30 year period when she was active as malacologist (1870–1898) and show the esteem bestowed on her by naturalists of the time and the appreciation for giving specimens from her own collection to others for study.

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Lima, Laïs Clark. "História da descoberta da Biomphalaria occidentalis Paraense, 1981." História, Ciências, Saúde-Manguinhos 6, no. 2 (October 1999): 315–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0104-59701999000300005.

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O artigo trata da descoberta da Biomphalaria occidentalis, molusco de concha idêntica à da B. tenagophila, vetora natural do Schistosoma mansoni. A reconstrução dessa descoberta, ao mesmo tempo em que chama atenção para o próprio processo da descoberta e para as interveniências de fatores sócio-econômicos, envolve o percurso profissional do malacologista Wladimir Lobato Paraense e demonstra a importância da biologia básica e da sistemática na epidemiologia da esquistossomose mansoni.

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Lutz, Richard A. "Life in Extreme Environments: A Tribute to Melbourne R. Carriker, Gentleman Malacologist Introduction." Journal of Shellfish Research 27, no. 1 (March 2008): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.2983/0730-8000(2008)27[13:lieeat]2.0.co;2.

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Vinarski, Maxim V. "The great Empire’s malacologist: Alexander von Middendorff’s contribution to the study of molluscs." Ruthenica, Russian Malacological Journal 31, no. 4 (September 29, 2021): 177–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.35885/ruthenica.2021.31(4).2.

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The contribution to malacology made by the eminent Russian scientist and traveler, Alexander Theodor von Middendorff (1815-1894) is reviewed. Middendorff’s research is rightly considered the highest achievement of Russian malacology in the 19th century. It is shown, despite the relatively short timespan of his malacological activity, Middendorff could reach substantial progress in the knowledge of the Russian malafauna, both marine, and continental, and authored more than 15 malacological publications, including a series of fundamental systematic works. Middendorff’s views on taxonomy, variability, and zoogeography of molluscs are discussed, and the research program in malacology, proposed by him, is reviewed as well as the impact of his studies on the further development of malacology in the Russian Empire. The full list of all molluscan taxa described by Middendorff is provided as an “Appendix” to the article.

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NATALE, STEFANO DI, DANIELE VICIANI, and LORENZO LASTRUCCI. "Notes on the typification of Typha shuttleworthii (Typhaceae)." Phytotaxa 635, no. 4 (January 31, 2024): 292–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.635.4.4.

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Typha shuttleworthii W.D.J.Koch & Sond. in W.D.J.Koch (1844: 786) is a species distributed in Central and Southern Europe, from France to Ukraine (Leonova 1976; Cook 1980) as well as Turkey and Iran (Baytop 1984; Hamdi et al. 2009) but it may have been overlooked due to its resemblance to the better known Typha latifolia Linnaeus (1753: 971), especially in the early stages of inflorescence development. It was firstly described from Switzerland based on samples provided by Robert James Shuttleworth, who was an English botanist and malacologist active in Bern from 1833 to 1866 (Stafleu & Cowan 1985).

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Sitnikova, T. Ya, A. V. Sysoev, and P. V. Kijashko. "Species of freshwater gastropods described by Ya.I. Starobogatov: Pulmonata (Acroloxidae), Heterobranchia (Valvatidae) and Caenogastropoda (Viviparoidea, Truncatelloidea and Cerithioidea)." Proceedings of the Zoological Institute RAS 321, no. 3 (September 25, 2017): 247–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.31610/trudyzin/2017.321.3.247.

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Professor Yaroslav Igorevich Starobogatov was a famous Russian biologist, zoologist and malacologist of wide knowledge in different fields of invertebrate zoology. Ya.I. Starobogatov travelled all over the former Soviet Union and collected numerous samples of mollusks and other invertebrates. As a result, he studied and described many new species, genera and families of different invertebrates, including mollusks. More than one thousand names of Mollusca were introduced by Ya.I. Starobogatov. This paper is a continuation of publishing the photographs of extant type specimens or topotypes of freshwater gastropods described by Ya.I. Starobogatov (1932–2004) with his disciples and coauthors. Photographs are given for 83 of 84 considered species belonging to Acroloxidae (Pulmonata), Valvatidae (Heterobranchia), and Viviparidae, Amnicolidae, Baicaliidae, Bithyniidae, Hydrobiidae, Lithoglyphidae, Melanopsidae and Thiaridae (Caenogastropoda). The data presentation includes detailed information about types; the “Additional records” section lists only the Zoological Institute (ZIN) catalog-based data because ZIN is the place of storage of the type specimens and the whole material studied by Ya.I. Starobogatov. Published data on subsequent records of the species are cited in the section “History of the name application”. The references are provided with brief information about their content. The synonymy, if exists, includes the references to authors of synonymization. The ecology information is based on publications and label data.

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Ramozzi-Chiarottino, Zelia. "Jean Piaget’s Genetic Epistemology as a Theory of Knowledge Based on Epigenesis." ATHENS JOURNAL OF HUMANITIES & ARTS 8, no. 3 (June 11, 2021): 209–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.30958/ajha.8-3-2.

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This article aims to highlight Jean Piaget’s theory of knowledge and situate it in this context since its beginnings in Ancient Greece where, in Plato, we already find this seminal idea: knowledge is acquired in successive and upward moments (dialektikê), starting from an opinion on the sensible world (doxa) towards the épistêmê of the intelligible world, the world of Ideas or concepts. Piaget’s Theory of Knowledge, we believe, was determined by four moments: 1) his research as a malacologist under the guidance of Godet and Raymond, 2) the acquaintance with Kant’s philosophy at age of 21, 3) his internship at the Binet/Simon laboratory, 4) his studies on the Limnaea Stagnalis. His core idea: it is possible for human beings to attain the necessary and universal knowledge due to the exchange processes of their organisms with the environment, which give rise to the epigenetic ontogenesis of their specific organic mental structures, framed for the specific act of knowing. Epigenetic ontogenesis begins with the infans first actions in the world, from the very moment of birth. Around two years of age, these actions will be represented and organized in groups linked to empirical experience, until the brain be able to perform the operations of the Abelian Group. The physiological development ends here, and the logico-mathematical knowledge becomes possible.

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Bolotov, Ivan N., Ekaterina S. Konopleva, Ilya V. Vikhrev, Than Win, Zau Lunn, Nyein Chan, Mikhail Yu Gofarov, et al. "Follow the Footsteps of Leonardo Fea: An Example of an Integrative Revision of Freshwater Mussel Taxa Described from the Former British Burma (Myanmar)." Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research 2022 (May 27, 2022): 1–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/6600359.

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Leonardo Fea, an Italian explorer and traveler, sampled a comprehensive collection of continental Mollusca during his travels throughout the former British Burma (currently Myanmar) in 1885-1887. Cesare Maria Tapparone-Canefri, an Italian malacologist, studied this sample and published a paper with a description of numerous terrestrial and freshwater molluscan taxa new to science. This collection was partly deposited in the Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova (MSNG), Italy and the Indian Museum (ZSI: Zoological Survey of India) in Kolkata. Here, we provide a re-analysis of C.M. Tapparone-Canefri’s Burmese Unionidae collection. Our study reveals that the type series of only four nominal taxa described by Tapparone-Canefri as new to science in 1889 are still available in the MSNG, i.e. Unio rectangularis, U. pulcher, U. protensus var. obtusatus, and U. marginalis var. subflabellata. The first taxon is a valid species belonging to the genus Yaukthwa, while U. pulcher and U. protensus var. obtusatus are considered here as junior synonyms of the widespread Lamellidens generosus, and the last nominal taxon corresponds to L. savadiensis. The MSNG collection also contains shell lots of Indochinella pugio pugio, I. pugio paradoxa, Indonaia andersoniana, Radiatula chaudhurii, R. mouhoti haungthayawensis, Lamellidens savadiensis, L. generosus, Yaukthwa nesemanni, and Y. zayleymanensis, most of which were listed in Tapparone-Canefri’s work under incorrect names. We revise all the freshwater mussel taxa listed by Tapparone-Canefri based on the original descriptions, available DNA sequences, morphological data, and biogeographic evidence. A freshwater mussel from the Haungthayaw River that was identified by Tapparone-Canefri as Unio exolescens is described here as Trapezoideus mitanensis sp. nov., a fourth species in this small Contradentini genus with a restricted range. Finally, new taxonomic opinions are proposed here for Leoparreysia tavoyensis, Trapezidens dolichorhynchus, Lamellidens generosus, and Lamellidens savadiensis.

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Bolotov, Ivan N., Ekaterina S. Konopleva, Ilya V. Vikhrev, Mikhail Y. Gofarov, Manuel Lopes-Lima, Arthur E. Bogan, Zau Lunn, et al. "Nominal taxa of freshwater Mollusca from Southeast Asia described by Dr. Nguyen N. Thach: A brief overview with new synonyms and fixation of a publication date." Ecologica Montenegrina 41 (April 26, 2021): 73–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.37828/em.2021.41.11.

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In this correspondence, we present a summary of taxonomic names of freshwater Mollusca introduced by Dr. Nguyen N. Thach, an enthusiastic and productive malacologist from Vietnam. We show that this researcher described one new genus and 12 new nominal species of freshwater molluscs from Southeast Asia. Two of these nominal species, Sinanodonta hunganhi Thach, 2016 and Lanceolaria bogani Thach, 2016 (Bivalvia: Unionidae), were already considered junior synonyms of S. jourdyi (Morlet, 1886) and L. fruhstorferi (Dautzenberg, 1900), respectively (Do et al. 2018; Đặng and Hố 2019). Here, we propose one more synonym for the invasive Golden Apple Snail as follows: Pomacea canaliculata (Lamarck, 1822) [=Pomacea thachi Huber in Thach, 2020 syn. nov.] (Gastropoda: Ampullariidae). Furthermore, we establish the formal synonymy for the following taxa: Taia Annandale, 1918 [=Boganmargarya Thach, 2018 syn. nov.]; Taia shanensis (Kobelt, 1909) [=Boganmargarya huberi Thach, 2018 syn. nov.] (Gastropoda: Viviparidae); Brotia henriettae (Gray in Griffith & Pidgeon, 1833) [=Brotia frankhuberi Thach, 2020 syn. nov.; Brotia bogani Thach & Huber in Thach, 2020 syn. nov.] (Gastropoda: Pachychilidae); Pila pesmei (Morlet, 1889) [=Pila huberi Thach, 2020 syn. nov.] (Gastropoda: Ampullariidae); and Paludomus andersoniana Nevill, 1877 [=Paludomus huberi Thach, 2020 syn. nov.] (Gastropoda: Paludomidae). Additionally, four nominal species are treated here as taxa inquirenda: Melanoides thachi Huber in Thach, 2020 (Gastropoda: Thiaridae), Trochoita frankohleri Thach & Huber in Thach, 2020 (Gastropoda: Viviparidae), Paracrostoma huberi Thach, 2018 (Gastropoda: Pachychilidae), and Pseudodon artbogani Thach & Huber in Thach, 2020 (Bivalvia: Unionidae). We also show that the publication date written on the title page of the book “New Shells of South Asia. Volume 2” (Thach, 2020a) is a bit misleading and that this book appeared in the printed form on 23 June 2020. The latter date is fixed here as the date of availability of taxonomic names introduced in this work. Finally, we present an annotated checklist of freshwater Mollusca described by N. N. Thach with approximate coordinates of the type localities and reference to corresponding river drainage basins.

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Tumusiime, Julius, Noelia Valderrama Bhraunxs, Grace Kagoro-Rugunda, Daisy Namirembe, Christian Albrecht, Ronald Twongyirwe, Casim Umba Tolo, Liesbet Jacobs, and Tine Huyse. "Citizens can help to map putative transmission sites for snail-borne diseases." PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 18, no. 4 (April 4, 2024): e0012062. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0012062.

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Introduction Schistosomiasis and fasciolosis are snail-borne diseases of great medical and veterinary health importance. The World Health Organization recommends complementing drug treatment with snail control and community involvement for disease elimination, but there is a general lack of snail experts and hence snail distribution data. Therefore, we adopted a citizen science approach and involved citizens in the monitoring of medically and veterinary important snail taxa. Materials and methods Snail data was collected weekly by 25 trained citizen scientists (CSs) at 76 sites around southern Lake Albert (Uganda) for 20 months. At each site, snails were searched for 30 minutes, sorted, target snail hosts identified to genus level, counted and data submitted through a smartphone application. The quality of this data was assessed by comparing it to monthly data collected by an ‘expert’ malacologist using the same sampling protocol. Generalised binomial logistic and linear mixed-effects models were used to analyse the variables for agreement between the CSs and expert. Findings The binary agreement in presence/absence of Biomphalaria, Bulinus and Radix snails reported by the expert and CSs ranged between 70% and 86% (900 reports) with an average of 17% false negatives (sites wrongly defined as snail-free). The agreement for Biomphalaria and Radix increased with snail abundance, and false negatives decreased when the number of snails collected by citizens was aggregated per month. Site type significantly predicted binary agreement, which was lowest at lake sites (55%) and highest at spring sites (99%) with variations across genera. Similar temporal trends in snail abundance were recorded despite the expert reporting higher abundance. However, the relative abundance was consistent across site types. The match between the sites with highest Biomphalaria spp. abundance identified by CSs and expert was consistently high (~84.1%) and increased over time. Conclusions and recommendations Our results demonstrate the potential of citizen science to map putative schistosomiasis transmission sites. We therefore argue that this inclusive, powerful and cost-effective approach can be more sustainable than top-down monitoring and intervention campaigns.

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Nurinsiyah, Ayu Savitri, Nova Mujiono, Nur Rohmatin Isnaningsih, Heryanto, Joko Pamungkas, Alfiah, Riena Prihandini, Pramono Hery Santoso, and Ristiyanti Marsetiyowati Marwoto. "In Memoriam: Machfudz Djajasasmita, the Father of Indonesian Malacologists (1928-2020)." American Malacological Bulletin 38, no. 2 (December 16, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.4003/006.038.0210.

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Bragado Álvarez, Mª Dolores, and de Andres Cobeta Francisco Javier. "Mollusks from Arctic Region at the National Museum of Natural Sciences Collections (MNCN-CSIC, Madrid, Spain)." Collections: A Journal for Museum and Archives Professionals, April 17, 2023, 155019062311675. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/15501906231167578.

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The Mollusca Collection of the National Museum of Natural Sciences (MNCN, CSIC, Madrid) contains some specimens from the Arctic Circle, exactly thirty-eight lots including historical collections, which may provide insights to climate change research. Some of these collections refer to those of the Head of the Scientific Commission of the Pacific, the mariner and naturalist Patricio Paz y Membiela (accessioned in 1873), and the malacologists Joaquín González Hidalgo and Florentino Azpeitia (accessioned in 1913 and 1934 respectively). Recently there has been a donation from the collector and diplomat Javier Conde de Saro which was accessioned in the MNCN in 2011 and a collection of the curator of the Mollusca Collection, Rafael Araujo, of 2010. These specimens belong to twenty-six species (fifteen marine and three freshwater gastropods; six marine and one freshwater bivalves; and one polyplacophoran) from places such as Kola Peninsula, Greenland, and Novaya Zembla; and Russian Arctic waters. All of these specimens have been databased and are an important contribution to global research as mollusk are heavily affected by temperature changes and ocean acidification.

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Irisarri, Iker, Juan E. Uribe, Douglas J. Eernisse, and Rafael Zardoya. "A mitogenomic phylogeny of chitons (Mollusca: Polyplacophora)." BMC Evolutionary Biology 20, no. 1 (February 5, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12862-019-1573-2.

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Abstract Background Polyplacophora, or chitons, have long fascinated malacologists for their distinct and rather conserved morphology and lifestyle compared to other mollusk classes. However, key aspects of their phylogeny and evolution remain unclear due to the few morphological, molecular, or combined phylogenetic analyses, particularly those addressing the relationships among the major chiton lineages. Results Here, we present a mitogenomic phylogeny of chitons based on 13 newly sequenced mitochondrial genomes along with eight available ones and RNAseq-derived mitochondrial sequences from four additional species. Reconstructed phylogenies largely agreed with the latest advances in chiton systematics and integrative taxonomy but we identified some conflicts that call for taxonomic revisions. Despite an overall conserved gene order in chiton mitogenomes, we described three new rearrangements that might have taxonomic utility and reconstructed the most likely scenario of gene order change in this group. Our phylogeny was time-calibrated using various fossils and relaxed molecular clocks, and the robustness of these analyses was assessed with several sensitivity analyses. The inferred ages largely agreed with previous molecular clock estimates and the fossil record, but we also noted that the ambiguities inherent to the chiton fossil record might confound molecular clock analyses. Conclusions In light of the reconstructed time-calibrated framework, we discuss the evolution of key morphological features and call for a continued effort towards clarifying the phylogeny and evolution of chitons.

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Sato, Nozomu, and Akihiro Yoshikawa. "Function of snail shell hairs in anti-predator defense." Science of Nature 111, no. 2 (February 27, 2024). http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00114-024-01901-z.

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AbstractThe function and evolutionary background of the hairs on the shells of terrestrial gastropods is largely unknown. Many hypotheses proposed by malacologists have never been proven, and the long-held hypothesis of mechanical stability in wet environments has been rejected by recent studies. It would therefore be worthwhile to reexamine other hypotheses regarding the adaptive significance of shell hairs. We investigated the defense function of shell hairs against a specialist predator, the snail-eating firefly, in the long-haired snail Moellendorffia diminuta. The firefly larvae, which hunt snails using abdominal suckers, were unable to attach to the shell because of the shell hairs but were able to attach to the shells that had lost their hairs. About half of the hairy snails successfully defended themselves by swinging their shells and dropping firefly larvae, but most of the snails without hair failed to defend. The hairs reduce the ability of the larva to attach to the shell and increase the effectiveness of the shell-swinging defense behavior in removing the larva from the shell. As shell hairs grow longer with shell development, they may confer an advantage based on the predator’s growth stage. Our findings highlight the anti-predator defense role of shell hairs in land snails, introducing a hypothesis previously overlooked in the evolutionary context of hairy snails.

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Kano, Yuichi, Yoshihisa Kurita, Kazuki Kanno, Kengo Saito, Hironori Hayashi, Norio Onikura, and Takeshi Yamasaki. "Photo images, 3D/CT data and mtDNA of the freshwater mussels (Bivalvia: Unionidae) in the Kyushu and Ryukyu Islands, Japan, with SEM/EDS analysis of the shell." Biodiversity Data Journal 7 (January 28, 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/bdj.7.e32114.

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Freshwater mussels (Bivalvia: Unionidae), which are keystone species of freshwater ecosystems, are in global decline. In addition to ecological/genetic studies, morphological examinations are needed to help provide information for the development of additional freshwater mussel studies and eventually conservation efforts for freshwater ecosystems. The microscopic structure, which can be obtained by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and elemental composition, which can be obtained with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDS), of mollusc shells are of interest to malacologists. However, information about freshwater mussels is still limited. Kyushu Island is the southernmost island of the four major islands of Japan. Kyushu Island is a hotspot of bitterling fishes in Japan, which simultaneously means that the island is a hotspot of freshwater mussels. The Ryukyu Islands stretch southwest from Kyushu Island to Taiwan; a freshwater mussel of unknown origin was reported from the Ryukyu Islands. Digital archiving for biology and ecology is a continuing challenge for open science. This data paper describes online published photo images, 3D/CT and mtDNA data and SEM/EDS analyses of the shell of freshwater mussels that inhabit the Kyushu and Ryukyu Islands, Japan. Our data will provide basic information regarding freshwater biology and be of public interest as open science. Photo images, 3D/CT data, mtDNA data, SEM images and EDS elemental analysis of freshwater mussels that inhabit the Kyushu and Ryukyu Islands (61 individuals, nine species/subspecies) were published online in a local database (http://ffish.asia/Unionidae3D), GBIF (http://ipt.pensoft.net/resource?r=unionidae3d) and DDBJ/EMBL/Genbank (LC431810–LC431840).

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Skorupa, Ayla J., Allison H. Roy, Peter D. Hazelton, David Perkins, Timothy Warren, and Andy Fisk. "Abundance of five sympatric stream dwelling mussels varies with physical habitat." Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems, January 18, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aqc.4069.

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Abstract Freshwater mussel species regularly co‐occur in streams forming assemblages, but the extent of shared versus unique instream habitat features that contribute to their distribution and abundance is poorly understood. In Massachusetts, a rare species, Alasmidonta varicosa, is often found with four other species: Alasmidonta undulata, Strophitus undulatus, Margaritifera margaritifera, and Elliptio complanata, yet variation in species composition within assemblages raises questions of potential species‐specific habitat associations. Identifying species‐level habitat information is critical at a spatial scale that malacologists can use to identify translocation or restoration areas. This study investigated whether species abundance varied by mesohabitat type (riffle, run, dam pool, scour pool), instream habitat characteristics, and within‐reach location (centre versus edge). From 2016 to 2019, freshwater mussel surveys were conducted in nine streams across Massachusetts and associated habitat information was collected. Species abundances were similar across mesohabitat types. Elliptio complanata was the exception, whereby higher abundances occurred in runs and dammed pools than in riffles. Unique species relationships with habitat existed for M. margaritifera with macroalgae and emergent vegetation, and A. varicosa with heterogeneous substrate. Flow transitions, such as depositional areas that create heterogeneous substrates, may provide habitats for A. varicosa. Most mussel species were distributed with higher abundance in the river centre than the edge; E. complanata was the only species with a higher abundance at the river edge. Locations with high abundance varied based on unique relationships with pebble heterogeneity (A. varicosa), depth (A. undulata), large wood (A. undulata), and canopy closure (E. complanata). Including physical characteristics in a holistic assessment of habitat that incorporates fish and landscape attributes may further an understanding of river reaches that best support translocated and propagated freshwater mussels.

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MORTON, BRIAN. "Obituary: John Morton B.Sc., M.Sc. (Auckland), Ph.D., D.Sc. (London), FRSNZ, QSO (18 July 1923–6 March 2011)." Molluscan Research 31, no. 2 (July 28, 2011). http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/mr.31.2.9.

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One of New Zealand’s most respected scientists, a malacologist, zoologist, ecologist and conservationist, has died. John Morton was born in the small country town of Morrinsville, near Waikato, on New Zealand’s north island on 18 July 1923…

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Todd, Jesse. "Notes on the Mollusca from Site 41DT59, Cooper Lake, Delta County, Texas." Index of Texas Archaeology Open Access Grey Literature from the Lone Star State, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.21112/.ita.2000.1.14.

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This paper focuses on the information about the mollusca from site 41DT59. The author takes the information from Dr. Fullington, the noted malacologist, and illustrates how the archeologist can take the information and apply it to site analysis. This information derived from the analysis mainly supports what the authors have concluded about site 41DT59, but does discuss material not covered in the original text. The analysis is divided into two sections. The information derived from the gastropods is discussed first, and the information derived from the mussels second.

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Suleiman, J., M. T. Muhammad, S. Y. Lema, and A. Abdullahi. "Comparison for the Efficacy of Column Purified Fractions of Sinna occidentalis and Moringa oleifera against Bulinus globosus (Intermediate Host of Schistosoma haematobium) from Goronyo and Shagari Dams, Sokoto State, Nigeria." European Journal of Biology and Biotechnology 1, no. 6 (November 5, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejbio.2020.1.6.45.

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Introduction: Although, used of molluscicides to control the intermediate host of schistosomes is the best method of choice to control the spread of the snail fever among the people, synthetic molluscicides widely used are cost effective, not available and toxic to the aquatic lives and people that are completely or partially dependents on rivers or lakes water for their everyday supplement. Aim: this research was aimed at investigation and comparison for the molluscicidal efficacy for S. occidentalis and M. oleifera leaves extracts against B. globosus (intermediate host of Schistosoma haematobium). Methodology: Each of the plant was grinded into powder and purified through column using different solvents, B. globosus snails were collected from Shagari and Goronyo dams; we identified the animal using chart initially, later on the animals were confirmed as B. globosus by malacologist from Ahmadu Bello University Zaria, Nigeria; the Molluscicidal efficacy of the plants was tested against B. globosus and compared according to world health organization guidelines; mortality was calculated using Abbort’s formula and analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to determine if there is significant different between the mean mortality at P<0.05; qualitative Phytochemical analysis was conducted to determine the chemicals presence in each plant and their combination. Results: Present study reviled that fractions of the leaves combination showed significantly higher mortality of B. globosus in the present study followed by Fractions of S. occidentalis then that of M. oleifera. For the plants combination, extracts purified using methanol are highly toxic followed by fractions purified using hexane, then ethyl acetate fractions and least Molluscicidal potential was recorded in the fractions obtained using ethanol. S. occidentalis fractions of hexane were highly toxic followed by fractions of methanol, then fractions of ethyl acetate and least mortality was recorded from the fractions of ethanol. Similarly, for the M. oleifera, it was observed that, fractions of Methanol were highly toxic followed by hexane fractions then ethanol fractions and least mortality was observed in the fractions of ethyl acetate. Conclusion: Column purified fractions for the combination for two plants leaves were highly potent for the control of B. globosus followed by S. occidentalis then M. oleifera.

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Leshno Afriat, Yael, and Henk Mienis. "A New Record of Recent Brachiopods: Digitizing the National Natural History Collections, The Hebrew University Of Jerusalem." Biodiversity Information Science and Standards 3 (June 26, 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/biss.3.37451.

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Brachiopods (lamp-shells) are a group of macrobenthic invertebrates with a remarkably long fossil record that encompasses deep time to modern-day oceans with over 12,000 species reported in the fossil record. In contrast, today brachiopods form a relatively small independent phylum among the invertebrates that includes only ca. 350 living species. Brachiopods are commonly used to examine faunal response to changes in the depositional environment across space and time. The extinct fossil species are compared to their counterparts from modern settings in order to find associations between ecological and morphological traits and past environmental conditions. Thus, collecting data on living brachiopods and studying their ecological preferences is crucial to the understanding of ancient environments. Until today, only scarce information has been published on extant brachiopods in the Levantine Basin off the coast of Israel. The current curatorial state of collections from the area prevents us from realizing their full scientific potential. We present new information concerning brachiopods collected in the Eastern Mediterranean and stored in the Mollusc Collection of the National Natural History Collections, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem. The collection is based on personal contributions and material collected by the Sea Fisheries Research Station during annual surveys carried out along the coast of Israel. As a first step, we estimated the size of the collection to contain ca. 355 samples of brachiopods of an unknown number of species. Notable contributions to the brachiopod collection include the Giorgio S. Coen and the Arthur Blok collections. Giorgio S. Coen, an enthusiastic malacologist, donated his private collection in 1951. The collection includes samples given to Coen by the distinguished Marchese di Monterosato, and contains ca. 230 samples of recent worldwide brachiopods. So far we have recognized type material of at least four taxa in the Coen collection. In addition, the Arthur Blok collection was donated in 1974 and includes ca. 65 samples of recent brachiopods. Due to the limited number of extant species, new records of living brachiopods should prove to be an important contribution to future studies in biogeography, phylogeny and the study of paleoenvironments. Our preliminary results show species occurrences in undocumented depths and habitats of the Eastern Mediterranean, and points to higher estimation of diversity in the Eastern Mediterranean than previously assumed. The order of magnitude difference in species diversity between extant and fossil brachiopods means our new information on life modes and habitats of recent species may have a significant effect on paleoecological reconstruction of their fossil counterparts. Thus, our new record of recent Levantine brachiopods can improve their use as reliable proxies for reconstructing environmental conditions throughout the fossil record.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Malacologists'

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