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1
Loar, Sage Teresa. "Parental Beliefs About Maladaptive Eating Behaviors in Adolescents." ScholarWorks, 2016. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/2190.
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Over 25 million people in the United States are affected by eating disorders, and understanding children's eating style can help determine maladaptive eating behaviors. This study was an investigation of parents' beliefs about their children's eating behaviors in relation to parental work status. Two theoretical frameworks were used to guide the study. Symbolic interactionism focused on communication between parents and children. Social learning theory focused on adolescents possibly learning their eating behaviors from observing their parents' eating habits. The research questions and hypotheses examined if there was a relationship between the work status of parents and their beliefs about maladaptive eating behaviors in their adolescents. This study used the parent-report measure, Children's Eating Behaviour Questionnaire (CEBQ). A nonexperimental causal-comparative quantitative research method was used. The participants included parents who have children between the ages of 6 and 12, and the sample size for this study was 126. A link between parental beliefs and early precursors of disordered eating in adolescents was not established. If patterns of a relationship between parents' work status and beliefs about children's maladaptive eating behaviors had been found, the patterns may have provided the possibility of serving as a factor of early intervention programs. The social change aspect obtained from this study may be that parents can work outside the home or not, and there may be other variables (such as family time, closeness, communication, stress) that may provide more information on how parents perceive children's eating behaviors.
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Waitt, Stephanie Louise. "Examining the Relationships Among Vicarious Trauma, Health Behaviors, and Maladaptive Coping." ScholarWorks, 2015. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/1761.
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Vicarious trauma can impact anyone working with a traumatized person. The constructivist self-development theory asserts that vicarious trauma can negatively distort how the helper thinks about the world and can cause increased stress. Researchers have explored stress and coping models and have studied how increased stress can negatively impact coping and health behaviors. However, researchers have not explored how vicarious trauma, coping, and health behaviors are related. The purpose of this correlational study was to examine the relationships among vicarious trauma, health behaviors (healthy eating, physical activity, cigarette smoking, and risky drinking), and maladaptive coping. The study sample consisted of 102 Texas Children's Advocacy Center (TX CAC) and Texas Child Protective Services (TX CPS) employees with direct exposure to a client's trauma. Participants completed a self-administered online survey designed to measure vicarious trauma, health behaviors, and maladaptive coping. Linear and logistic regression analyses indicated vicarious trauma was significantly related to healthy eating and maladaptive coping. Maladaptive coping was significantly related to physical activity. However, maladaptive coping was not a significant mediating factor in the relationship between vicarious trauma and health behavior. The data indicated TX CPS and TX CAC employees continue to experience cognitive distortions associated with vicarious trauma, have some decreased health behaviors, and are using maladaptive coping strategies. Results of the study may be used to reduce the risk of vicarious trauma to TX CAC and TX CPS employees so they can continue to help children and families heal from trauma.
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Dellorto, Victoria. "Brain Workout| How Right and Left Brain Integration Activities Affect Maladaptive Behaviors." Thesis, Trinity Christian College, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10814650.
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<p> The purpose of this quantitative, single-subject research was to examine the effects of hemisphere integration on maladaptive behaviors as measured by the BASC-III assessment. Morgan and Sideridis report that problem behavior rates in United Schools range from 10-30% and 92% of teacher respondents identified that problem behaviors have worsened over their careers (2013). Research has been done on the importance of neuroscience in the field of education, but there is a gap between the research and application. Baseline data on the targeted behaviors was collected by administering the BASC-III Teacher Rating Scale (TRS) on the participant to two special education teachers and a general education teacher, as well as, having the participant independently fill out the Self-Report of Personality (SRP). The student then engaged in two daily integrated hemisphere activities in the form of a Tell Me Activity. Data was collected on the frequency of errors and the duration of that activity. The intervention was administered for 30 trials. After the 30 trials, all participants were then given the BASC-III assessment again. Pre and Post BASC-III T Scores were compared to determine student growth. The participant showed growth in 20 out of 45 BASC-III categories over three TRS reports (15 categories each report). The participant also showed growth in 8 out of 15 BASC-III categories on the SRP. While although the participant showed growth, the participant showed minimum growth in functional levels. Overall, this research remains inconclusive due to the researcher’s inability to determine the functional relation between the intervention and maladaptive behaviors.</p><p>
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James, Denise Elaine. "A comparison of the maladaptive behaviors of normal, language delayed, and late talking toddlers." PDXScholar, 1989. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/3894.
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People use language to communicate their needs and intentions, to express emotions, and to form relationships. It seems likely that a disruption in children's language development would have a negative impact on their social development. There is extensive research that shows that school age children with delayed language are "at risk" for increased maladaptive behaviors (Cantwell and Baker, 1977). Whether this is also true for children in the earliest stages of language development is not yet known.
The questions this study sought to answer were: 1) Is there a significant difference in the severity and frequency of maladaptive behaviors seen in language delayed children, children who were "late talkers," or children with normal language? and 2) Is there a significant difference among the three subject groups in terms of which behaviors parents are the most concerned about·?
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Liu, Elizabeth S. M. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "Chronic stress-dependent activation of somatostatin neurons in the nucleus accumbens facilitates maladaptive eating behaviors." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/106442.
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Thesis: S.M., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, 2016.<br>Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (pages 24-27).<br>Stressors are known to impact eating behaviors. However, recapitulating the intricate interplay between chronic stress and aberrant human eating patterns in an animal model remains a challenge. Notably, binge eating, a diagnostic feature associated with many types of eating abnormalities, particularly pertains to the binge eating disorder. To more closely investigate the etiology underlying eating behavior-associated maladaptation, the present study provides a novel and ethologically relevant animal model based on predatory odor stress. My data show that chronic stress in female mice selectively increases consumption of highly palatable, but not the regular, diet, when it is presented during a limited time following stress exposure. In addition, the nucleus accumbens (NAc), a key component in the neural circuitry of reward, is also an established neural substrate susceptible to the effects of stress. Given the cellular complexity in NAc, identifying the neuronal subtypes that are selectively involved in chronic stress-elicited physiological and behavioral alterations will provide grounds for further understanding in the underlying cellular changes. Because deficits in the somatostatin (SOM) neurons have been implicated in mice exhibiting traits of anxiety and depression, this neuron subtype may play an important role in modulating negative behavioral emotionality. Here I report an abundance of somatostatin neurons, majority of which are located in the rostral-ventral region of the NAc and are activated by chronic stress exposure. Together, these results provide the first line of evidence in linking chronic stress and the somatostatin neurons within the NAc to binge eating. Further fluorescent labeling quantification and cell-type-specific optogenetic manipulation will be needed to further delineate the role of SOM neurons in orchestrating the inhibitory components of stress-modulated reward circuitry.<br>by Elizabeth Liu.<br>S.M.
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Chowdhury, Monali. "Follow-up of Maladaptive Behaviors in Youth with Autism Spectrum Disorders: Changes and Predictors Over Two to Eight Years." The Ohio State University, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1343032014.
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Robertson, Bruce A. L. "The roles of food and predation in shaping adaptive and maladaptive behaviors in postfire bird species." Connect to this title online, 2006. http://etd.lib.umt.edu/theses/available/etd-12272006-141118/.
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Norris, Lesley Anne. "Maladaptive and Protective Parenting Behaviors in the Context of Exposure for Youth with Social Anxiety Disorder." Thesis, Boston College, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/3849.
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Thesis advisor: Karen Rosen<br>Thesis advisor: Nancy Lau<br>Prior research has demonstrated that parental control, parental criticism, and parental acceptance are associated with social anxiety in youth (Wood, McLeod, Sigman, Hwang, & Chu 2003). However, researchers have not examined how these parenting behaviors might impact youth treatment responses. Research in this area has also relied almost exclusively on self and child- report measures. The current study used a newly developed behavioral observation coding system to observe: (1) parental control; (2) parental criticism; (3) quality of parent-child interaction (parental acceptance); (4) parental monitoring of youth anxiety; and (5) discussion of emotion in the context of a public speaking exposure therapy for socially anxious youth (n=39) ages 8-16 years (M = 10.82, SD = 1.94). It was hypothesized that (1) parents of socially anxious youth would exhibit higher levels of parental control, parental negativity, and parental monitoring of youth anxiety, (2) that the quality of interaction would be lower in socially anxious parent-child dyads, and (3) that parents of socially anxious youth would be less likely to discuss emotions with their children. Results demonstrated that parents of socially anxious youth offered significantly more praise than parents of non-socially anxious youth, (F(1, 33) = 5.662, p = 0.023). Parents of socially anxious youth also offered higher levels of directive help (F(1, 33) = 3.713, p = 0.063), although this finding was only trending towards significance. Potential explanations for these findings are discussed and directions for future research are offered<br>Thesis (BA) — Boston College, 2014<br>Submitted to: Boston College. College of Arts and Sciences<br>Discipline: College Honors Program<br>Discipline: Psychology Honors Program<br>Discipline: Psychology
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Motiejunas, Kristina M. "The Effects of the Density of Reinforcement on the Maladaptive Behaviors of a Child With Autism." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2000. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc2707/.
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The present study consists of two experiments that analyze the effects of high and low densities of reinforcemnt on the maladaptive behaviors of a 9 year old girl with autism. The first experiment investigates the isolated effects of density of reinforcement on the frequency of maladaptive behaviors during a motor imitation teaching task. High densities of reinforcement produced fewer occurrences of maladaptive behavior than low densities of reinforcement. Experiment 2 analyzes the effects of density of reinforcement during the same teaching tasks as in experiment 1 on maladaptive behavior, task accuracy, prompt resistance, and language. Maladaptive behavior did not recur during experiment 2. High density of reinforcement conditions during the second experiment showed a positive effect on the accuracy of responding and compliance with prompts.
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Kamalu, Elisha K. "Effects of In-Home Positive Behavior Support Training on Parent Perceptions of Parent-Child Relationships and Maladaptive Behavior." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2008. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/1404.
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This study investigated the effects of the positive behavior support program Family HOPE conducted in homes of families of children with disabilities. Graduate students conducted an 8-10 week collaborative method of training for parents of children with disabilities to reduce problem behaviors of their child with a disability. The Parent-Child Relationship Inventory (PCRI) and Scales of Independent Behavior-Revised (SIB-R) were given to both experimental and control group families to investigate the program effects on parents' perceptions of limit setting, parental support, frequency and severity of problem behaviors. Results indicated that there was not a significant pre-post difference for either group on limit setting and parental support. There was a significant decrease in the frequency and severity of problem behaviors on the SIB-R for the treatment and control groups; however, no significant difference was found according to group membership. On subscales of Limit Setting and Parental Support on the PCRI no significant differences were found between control and experimental groups. Implications for further research are suggested and include items such as the control group size and using measures that are sensitive enough to detect changes in behavior over a short period of time.
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Baysinger, Melissa D. "The effects of sensory integration intervention on the reduction of maladaptive behaviors in high school students with autism." Thesis, Wichita State University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10057/2438.
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A single-case experimental design with multiple baseline reversal was conducted to
determine the effects of sensory integration intervention on the reduction of maladaptive
behaviors in high school students with autism. Four participants with a diagnosis of autism
coupled with sensory integration dysfunction ranging in ages from 16 to 17 participated in this
study. Individually designed sensory integration intervention (SII) was administered three times
per week during the two week intervention phases of the study (B) and (B2). Following
administration of individualized SII, participants engaged in an independent pre-vocational task.
The use of SII produced improvements in level of engagement for each of the participants with
significant decreases in performance upon removal of treatment. A decrease in level of
maladaptive behavior occurred during the intervention phases for each participant. The findings
of this study may provide support for the use of SII for increasing level of engagement in task
work and functional performance while reducing maladaptive behaviors in high school students
with autism.<br>Thesis (M.Ed.)--Wichita State University, College of Education, Dept. of Curriculum and Instruction
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Riley, Elizabeth N. "THE RECIPROCAL PREDICTIVE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PERSONALITY AND RISKY BEHAVIORS: AN 8-WAVE LONGITUDINAL STUDY IN EARLY ADOLESCENTS." UKnowledge, 2015. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/psychology_etds/67.
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While the overall stability of personality across the lifespan has been well-documented, there is also evidence of meaningful personality change. This is particularly true when individuals are going through periods of developmental transition. Over time, one sees incremental changes not just in behavior but in basic personality as well. 1,906 early adolescents were assessed for urgency scores, levels of maladaptive behavior engagement (drinking, smoking, and binge eating), and pubertal status every six months for four years. Zero-Inflated Poisson structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to test the model of reciprocal influence between behavior and personality. Across most six-month intervals over the course of the four-year study, urgency predicted increased engagement in the maladaptive behaviors. Strikingly, the reverse was true as well: engagement in behaviors predicted subsequent increases in urgency, which is otherwise a stable personality trait. This study is the first to find reciprocal prediction between engagement in maladaptive, risky behaviors and endorsement of the maladaptive personality trait of urgency during the early adolescent years. One implication of these findings is the apparent presence of a positive feedback loop of risk, in which maladaptive behaviors increase high-risk personality traits, which in turn further increase the likelihood of maladaptive behaviors.
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Green, Patricia. "Creation of an Evidence-Based Practice Guideline for a Seclusion Alternative." ScholarWorks, 2018. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/5195.
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Seclusion is a behavioral management intervention used at the practicum site to manage maladaptive behaviors seen in mentally ill patients. Seclusion is not a voluntary occurrence for patients. The practice-focused question asked: Can development of an evidence-based practice (EBP) guideline help guide health care providers in the development of a multisensory room as an alternative to seclusion for people living with mental health disorders (PLWMHD)? The purpose of this DNP project was to develop the EBP guideline for a multisensory room as an alternative to seclusion for the practicum site. To aid in the development of the EBP guideline, the AGREE II model provided the framework for quality improvement related to better patient outcomes. The sources of evidence for this DNP project were drawn from the systematic review of the literature related to primary, original, and peer-reviewed journals. The electronic databases used for conducting these searches were CINAHL with Plus Full, Medline with full text, PsycINFO, SocINDEX and the Walden University library. The analytical strategy for this DNP project was to conduct a content analysis of research studies for recurrent themes, related to maladaptive behaviors, seclusion, and sensory rooms, in order to develop the draft guideline. Subsequently, 14 experts were selected for review of the resultant draft guideline using the AGREE II tool. Expert input and feedback was incorporated to achieve consensus on the final version. The potential implication for nursing practice is patient safety for a targeted population. The positive social change expected to occur for health care providers at the practicum site is the use of a best-practice tool based on evidence during their provision of care for PLWMHDs.
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Barreiros, Mafalda Sofia Pinto. "Percursos de desajustamento social e intervenções pelas artes expressivas." Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/11142.
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Neste estudo pretende-se explorar as aplicações das diferentes modalidades artísticas em contextos institucionais que se destinam à reinserção de jovens e adultos cujos comportamentos adotados ao longo dos seus percursos foram reconhecidos como perigosos para a comunidade e tipificados, num enquadramento legal.
Para tal, procedeu-se ao levantamento dos projetos realizados no país tendo-se chegado a um total de 11, dos quais se conseguiu chegar ao contacto com os coordenadores de nove.
A recolha de dados realizou-se através de entrevista semiestruturadas e, posteriormente, a técnica adotada para tratamento da informação obtida foi a análise de conteúdo.
Em síntese, os resultados emergentes deste estudo apontam para a ocorrência de transformações positivas decorrentes dos projetos, sendo estas aos mais variados níveis quer nos participantes quer nas instituições. Os dados apontam para uma maior consciencialização para a mudança, bem como para o desenvolvimento de competências sociais e relacionais que influenciam diretamente o ambiente institucional; Pathways of social outcasting and intervention trough expressive arts
Abstract
:This study is to explore applications of different artistic forms in institutional settings that are intended to rehabilitate young people and adults whose behaviors adopted along their routes were recognized as dangerous to the community and typed in a legal framework.
To do this, we proceeded to the survey of projects in the country having been reached to a total of 11, of which managed to get into contact with the coordinators of nine.
Data collection was carried out through semis structured interview and subsequently the technique adopted for the information obtained was content analysis.
In summary, the emerging results of this study indicate the occurrence of positive changes resulting from the projects, which are at various levels both in participants in both institutions. The data indicate an increased awareness for change and for the development of social and relational skills that directly influence the institutional environment.
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Sacker, Amanda. "Longitudinal models of maladaptive behaviour." Thesis, University of Hertfordshire, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.361262.
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Coleman, Bianca. "The Effect of Parent Implemented Interventions for Autism on Parent Ratings of Maladaptive Behavior." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2016. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/393911.
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School Psychology<br>Ph.D.<br>This study investigated the relationship between parent implemented interventions for Autism and ratings of maladaptive behavior over a 6 month period of time. Participants were children between the ages of two and six years diagnosed with Autism and their primary care providers. Repeated measures ANOVAs and visual analysis of graphically represented mean scores were used to examine the differences between the parent reported ratings of maladaptive behaviors across two treatment groups consisting of an ABA/Verbal Behavior (ABA/VB) intervention model, a Relationship Development Intervention (RDI) model, and a control or treatment as usual (TAU) group across a 6 month enrollment period. Results indicated a lack of statistically significant findings however substantial effect sizes and changes in mean scoring indicating meaningful differences across groups and over assessment periods was found. Overall, treatment groups were found to have greater reductions in maladaptive behaviors versus the treatment as usual group. Implications, limitations, and directions for future research are discussed.<br>Temple University--Theses
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Johnson, Edward P. "Applying Bayesian Ordinal Regression to ICAP Maladaptive Behavior Subscales." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2007. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd2121.pdf.
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Smith, Stephanie A. "Homelessness : associations between childhood adversity, attachment, impulsivity and maladaptive behaviours." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2018. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/425919/.
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There are two sections to this thesis submission. The first is a systematic review exploring attachment styles within the homeless population and the role these play in the development of a variety of maladaptive behaviours. Following an extensive search of the literature, a total of 10 papers met inclusion criteria and underwent quality assessment and review. Whilst measures used to assess attachment and maladaptive behaviour varied greatly, high rates of insecure attachment and maladaptive behaviours were found within this population. Furthermore, the results suggest a significant relationship between insecure attachment and maladaptive behaviours, namely substance abuse, aggression and suicidal ideation. However, given the current paucity of papers within this field, the need for future research is discussed. The second section sought to further investigate the prevalence of insecure attachment within the homeless population and explore its relationship with factors implicated in the development of homelessness, namely childhood adversity and impulsivity. Using a cross-sectional design, eighty-three homeless adults were recruited and completed self-report measures of childhood adversity, attachment and impulsivity. As anticipated, predicted associations were found between childhood adversity and insecure attachment, namely insecure-anxious and disorganised. However, such associations were not found for insecure-avoidant attachment. Furthermore, whilst an association was found between insecure-avoidant attachment and impulsivity, no significant associations were found between impulsivity and childhood adversity nor either of the other insecure attachment styles. Clinical implications and suggestions for future research are discussed in light of these findings.
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Bisbey, Tiffany. "Toward a Theory of Practical Drift in Teams." Honors in the Major Thesis, University of Central Florida, 2014. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETH/id/1574.
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Practical drift is defined as the unintentional adaptation of routine behaviors from written procedure. The occurrence of practical drift can result in catastrophic disaster in high-reliability
organizations (e.g. the military, emergency medicine, space exploration). Given the lack of empirical research on practical drift, this research sought to develop a better understanding by
investigating ways to assess and stop the process in high-reliability organizations. An introductory literature review was conducted to investigate the variables that play a role in the occurrence of practical drift in teams. Research was guided by the input-throughput-output model of team adaptation posed by Burke, Stagl, Salas, Pierce, and Kendall (2006). It demonstrates relationships supported by the results of the literature review and the Burke and colleagues (2006) model denoting potential indicators of practical drift in teams. Research
centralized on the core processes and emergent states of the adaptive cycle; namely, shared mental models, team situation awareness, and coordination. The resulting model shows the
relationship of procedure—practice coupling demands misfit and maladaptive violations of procedure being mediated by shared mental models, team situation awareness, and coordination. Shared mental models also lead to team situation awareness, and both depict a mutual, positive relationship with coordination. The cycle restarts when an error caused by maladaptive violations of procedure creates a greater misfit between procedural demands and practical demands. This movement toward a theory of practical drift in teams provides a conceptual framework and testable propositions for future research to build from, giving practical avenues to predict and prevent accidents resulting from drift in high-reliability organizations. Suggestions for future research are also discussed, including possible directions to explore. By examining the relationships reflected in the new model, steps can be taken to counteract organizational failures in the process of practical drift in teams.<br>B.S.<br>Bachelors<br>Psychology<br>Sciences
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Dobinson, Stuart. "Maladaptive self-reported eating behaviours and attentional bias for food cues." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2013. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/359664/.
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Worldwide rates of obesity have dramatically increased in the last few decades. The impact on those involved and on health care systems continues to be huge. Psychological research has attempted to understand the factors and processes implicated in maladaptive overeating behaviour with the aim of assisting in alleviating it, whether associated with a physical or mental health need. This thesis investigated the relationship between biases in attention to food-related cues and the self-reported eating style known as ‘external eating’ (eating in response to external food cues). A systematic search of the literature found 15 papers that examined the relationship between these factors. These studies used a range of methodologies and found varying results. The literature review established that there is a significant relationship between external eating and attentional bias for food cues, such that higher levels of bias are linked with higher levels of external eating. An experiment was designed to measure attentional bias to food cues in high and low external eaters from a non-clinical population using an antisaccade methodology. This tool measured attentional bias scores for the 39 participants in the two groups. In addition, participants completed a behavioural task of inhibitory control, as well as a range of questionnaire measures concerned with eating behaviour and mental health. With this novel methodology, a significant positive relationship was identified between external eating and attentional bias for food. Findings are discussed in relation to theoretical models of attentional bias and maladaptive eating behaviour. Clinical implications are explored and cognitive and behavioural interventions for overeating behaviour are discussed. Future research ideas are suggested with the aim of exploring further the role of eating styles and attentional biases in the development and maintenance of overeating behaviour.
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Barrett, Rebecca. "Experiential avoidance : associations with childhood trauma, internalised shame, psychopathology and maladaptive behaviours." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2010. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/170253/.
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Research has consistently demonstrated a relationship between negative childhood experiences and the development of psychological difficulties in adulthood. Yet, it is only recently that the potential mechanisms underlying this relationship have been investigated. An increasing number of studies indicate heightened levels of experiential avoidance as potentially accounting for this relationship. The current review presents research, spanning the last five years, that describes associations and mediating relationships between experiential avoidance, psychopathology and maladaptive behaviours. However, whilst recent advances in the measurement of experiential avoidance, and newly emerging research, have broadened psychological understanding of this construct, conceptual and methodological difficulties within this field highlight the need for further research to be undertaken. The empirical paper explores the potential contribution of experiential avoidance, childhood trauma and internalised shame in pathways to becoming and remaining homeless. In a sample of 79 homeless adults, a significant relationship between childhood trauma and experiential avoidance was found which was mediated by internalised shame. These findings indicate that experience of childhood trauma is associated with a greater tendency to avoid unwanted thoughts and feelings, which in turn is associated with greater levels of internalised shame. They further provide support for the role of interacting psychological factors in pathways to homelessness. Clinical implications resulting from this study are discussed, and directions for further research are indicated.
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Brisson, Anick. "Les qualités métrologiques d'une traduction française du Reiss screen for maladaptive behavior." Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 1997. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/4843/1/000634418.pdf.
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Keohane, Peter Timothy. "Psychological factors influencing homelessness initiation and maintenance : predictors of maladaptive behaviour." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2014. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/370415/.
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Frame, Laura Elizabeth. "Maladaptive attributions, dyadic behavior, and their interaction as predictors of change in relationship satisfaction." Diss., Online access via UMI:, 2007.
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Jacola, Lisa M. "The Relationship between Executive Function and Maladaptive Behavior in Adolescents with Down Syndrome." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1335553973.
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Dale, Rosanna. "The role of parental bonding and early maladaptive schemas in suicidal behaviour." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/24508.
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60 participants completed the study following their presentation at Accident & Emergency with suicidal behaviour, and routine Liaison Psychiatry psychosocial assessment. A semi-structured interview was conducted, in which participants completed measures of parental bonding (Parental Bonding Instrument); schemas (Young Schema Questionnaire); suicidal intent (Pierce Suicide Intent Scale); risk of repeating suicidal behaviour (Risk of Repetition Scale); anxiety (Beck Anxiety Inventory); and depression (Beck Depression Inventory). In the first phase of the study, measures of parental bonding, schemas, anxiety and depression were compared between this suicidal behaviour group and a primary care mental health group and a non-clinical group, collected in a previous study. The second phase of the study utilised a within-group design and examined relationships on all measures within the suicidal behaviour group. Initial analysis of variance exploration indicated that the three groups significantly differed on measures of anxiety, depression, parental care/control and schemas. Post-hoc analysis demonstrated that there were no significant differences, however, between the suicidal behaviour group and primary care mental health group on measures of parental bonding. Within the suicidal behaviour group, significant associations were indicated between parental care and risk of repetition; parental control and risk of repetition; and schemas and risk of repetition. Suicidal intent was not found to be associated with any of the variables. Schemas were found to mediate the relationship between parental bonding (care and control) and risk of repetition. Further, the schema of Social Alienation was found to mediate the above relationship between parental bonding (care and control) and risk of repetition. The schema of Defectiveness/Shame was found to mediate the relationship between parental control and risk of repetition. The findings support a 3-stage model for suicidal behaviour.
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Carpenter, Eleanor. "Early maladaptive schema and self-control behaviour for individuals with bipolar disorder." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/31187.
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Aims and objectives: Bipolar disorder is a severe and enduring mental illness with a high incidence of long-standing interpersonal and psychosocial difficulties that extend beyond the features of manic and depressive episodes. Research into the cognitive style of individuals with a dipolar disorder suggests depressogenic/optimistic attributional style, perfectionism, sociotropy, autonomy and maladaptive schemas play an important role in the disorder, and how individuals cope with it. The presence of early maladaptive schema (EMS) in the bipolar population has so far not been researched. The aim of the present study is to investigate what types of schema are pertinent for this group, and the relationship between schema and individuals' coping style (self-control behaviours).;Method: A within participant design involved 41 individuals with a diagnosis of bipolar disorder completing the Young Schema Questionnaire-short form, the Self-Control Behaviour Schedule, and the Internal State Scale. Data were analysed quantitatively using correlation and analysis of variance. EMS data were compared to normative EMS data.;Results: Self-Sacrifice and Unrelenting Standards were significantly prevalent for this sample. Emotional Deprivation was found to be present, but not significantly different from other EMS. There was a significant relationship between EMS and self-control behaviour.;Conclusions: The clinical and research implications for the psychological assessment and treatment of individuals with a bipolar disorder are discussed.
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Howell, Angela 1970. "Interpersonal negotiation strategies and ego development in relation to maladaptive behaviour in preadolescents." Thesis, McGill University, 1996. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=23844.
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Interpersonal negotiation strategies and ego development of 32 preadolescents attending a day treatment program and 33 non-referred, demographically matched preadolescents was compared. The Interpersonal Negotiation Strategies Interview was used to assess perspective taking across contexts of familiar vs. unfamiliar, peer vs. adult interpersonal dilemmas. Referred preadolescents generated developmentally lower strategies than non-referred preadolescents, specifically in contexts involving unfamiliar adults and familiar children. Level of perspective taking predicted parent's rating of maladapted behaviour on the Child Behaviour Checklist-Revised. Ego development was not supported as a moderator but was positively related to perspective taking, suggesting that similar pathways of development underlie each measure.
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Wintch, Elisha K. "Effects of in-home positive behavior support training on parent perceptions of parent-child relationships and child maladaptive behavior /." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2008. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd2424.pdf.
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Frei, Barbara. "Roles of maladaptive behaviour and evolutionary traps in the decline of a threatened woodpecker." Thesis, McGill University, 2014. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=121235.
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The Red-headed Woodpecker (Melanerpes erythrocephalus) is a widespread, once common but increasingly rare North American bird species. Consistent long-term population declines have resulted in the species' threatened status in Canada and several states in the United States. Throughout most of its range, Red-headed Woodpeckers occupy habitats that have been heavily influenced by human presence and activities. Yet, there is little research quantifying the potential drivers of the species' population decline, which constrains conservation or policy action. The overall objective of this research is to determine why the Red-headed Woodpecker, a once common, widespread species with apparently a high flexibility in habitat use is undergoing such large population declines. I hypothesize that rapid anthropogenic changes and ecological novelties are causing Red-headed Woodpecker fitness and its behavioural choices to have become disjointed. The specific objectives include: (1) to determine if Red-headed Woodpecker habitat use is adaptive or maladaptive, (2) to determine the influence of a non-native interference competitor, the European Starling (Sturnus vulgaris), on Red-headed Woodpecker breeding success, and (3) to compare the efficacy of global and local models of the relationships between Red-headed Woodpeckers and two possible competitor species over space and time, and explore local variations of these relationships. To test my hypothesis, I investigated Red-headed Woodpecker multi-scale habitat use and associations, and nest survival near the northern edge of the species range in southern Ontario, where populations are rapidly declining. In addition, I modelled interspecies abundance relationships across southern Canada and east-central United States using 45 years of survey data from the Breeding Bird Survey (BBS) for Red-headed Woodpeckers, European Starlings, and Red-bellied Woodpeckers (M. carolinus). Field-based results demonstrated that Red-headed Woodpeckers exhibit maladaptive habitat use at multiple scales, suggesting the potential for an ecological trap for the species. Specifically habitat characteristics that promoted feeding potential such as canopy openness and greater limb length were consistently associated with Red-headed Woodpecker occupancy from nest tree to woodlot scales, despite correlations with lower reproductive success. Further investigation into Red-headed Woodpecker nest survival by modelling a suite of abiotic, biotic, temporal, and habitat-based drivers showed that European Starling abundance near active woodpecker nest sites was the strongest factors influencing woodpecker nest survival. Logistic-exposure nest success assuming constant survival dropped significantly from 68% to 13% when starling abundance was considered. When interspecies abundance relationships were investigated at a larger spatial scale, they were found to be spatially structured, and suggested evidence for interspecific competition between Red-headed Woodpeckers and starlings, and niche differentiation between Red-headed and Red-bellied Woodpeckers. This research demonstrates the importance of multi-scale, multi-factor studies when determining threats for species-at-risk and will help in the development of conservation, management, and policy-making decisions for the species.<br>Le Pic à Tête Rouge (Melanerpes erythrocephalus) est une espèce d'oiseau répandue en Amérique du Nord, autrefois commune mais maintenant de plus en plus rare. Un déclin constant de la population dans les dernières décennies a mené l'espèce à être désignée menacée au Canada et dans plusieurs États américains. Dans la plupart de son aire de répartition, le Pic à Tête Rouge occupe des habitats fortement influencés par la présence et les activités humaines. Il y a cependant peu de recherche quantifiant les causes possibles du déclin de la population de l'espèce. Par conséquent, il manque d'information pour la conservation et l'action politique. L'objectif général de cette recherche est de déterminer pourquoi le Pic à Tête Rouge, une espèce autrefois commune et répandue avec une grande souplesse d'utilisation de l'habitat, connaît-il une diminution dramatique de ses populations. J'émets l'hypothèse que de rapides changements anthropiques et des nouveautés écologiques ont mené la valeur sélective et les choix comportementaux du Pic à Tête Rouge à être devenus disjoints. Les objectifs spécifiques incluent : (1) de déterminer si l'utilisation de l'habitat par le Pic à Tête Rouge est adaptatée ou mésadaptée, (2) de déterminer l'influence d'un compétiteur par interférence exotique, l'Étourneau Sansonnet (Sturnus vulgaris), sur le succès de reproduction du Pic à Tête Rouge, et (3) de comparer l'efficacité des modèles global et local du Pic à Tête Rouge versus deux compétiteurs potentiels pour l'espace et le temps, et explorer les variations locales des relations interspecifiques. Pour tester notre hypothèse, nous avons étudié l'utilisation et les associations multiéchelles de l'habitat du Pic à Tête Rouge, et la survie au nid près de la frontière nord de sa distribution dans le sud de l'Ontario, où les populations sont en rapide déclin. De plus, nous avons modélisé l'abondance interspécifique à travers le sud du Canada et le centre-est des États-Unis en utilisant 45 ans de données de recherche du Relevé des oiseaux nicheurs (BBS) pour le Pic à Tête Rouge et deux potentiels compétiteurs (Étourneau Sansonnet et Pic à Ventre Roux (M. carolinus). Des résultats basés sur la recherche sur le terrain ont démontré que le Pic à Tête Rouge présente une utilisation multiéchelles de l'habitat mésadaptée, ce qui suggère la possibilité d'un piège écologique pour l'espèce. De façon spécifique, les caractéristiques de l'habitat qui promouvaient le potentiel alimentaire tels que l'ouverture de la canopée et des membres plus longs étaient systématiquement associés à l'occupation de l'habitat à l'échelle de l'arbre du nid et du boisé par le Pic à Tête Rouge, malgré des corrélations avec un plus faible succès de reproduction. Une étude plus poussée de la survie au nid du Pic à Tête Rouge en modélisant une suite de pilotes abiotiques, biotiques, temporels et basés sur l'habitat a démontré que l'abondance de l'Étourneau Sansonnet près des sites de nids de pic actifs était le plus fort facteur influençant la survie au nid du pic. L'exposition logistique survie des nids en supposant une survie constante (68%) a chuté de façon significative lorsque l'abondance de l'Étourneau était considérée (13%). Lorsque les relations d'abondance interspécifiques ont été examinées à une plus grande échelle spatiale, elles se sont trouvées être structurées spatialement, et suggéraient une preuve de la compétition interspécifique entre le Pic à Tête Rouge et l'Étourneau et de la différentiation de niche entre les Pics à Tête Rouge et à Ventre Roux. Cette recherche démontre l'importance des études multiéchelles et à facteurs multiples lors de la détermination des menaces pour les espèces en péril, et aidera au développement de décisions relatives à la conservation, la gestion et l'élaboration des politiques pour cette espèce.
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Jones, Alla Sergeyevna. "Effects of Positive Behavior Support Training on Maladaptive Behavior, Parenting Skills, and Parental Support of Families with Children with Disabilities." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2008. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/1349.
Full textAbstract:
Family stress is affected by a child's challenging behavior and by the disruption of family routines as a result of the child's disability. Therefore, families with children with disabilities need professional support as they work with their children to decrease their children's behavior problems and to reduce the level of parental stress. This study examines in-home training in Positive Behavior Support using the model of parent-professional collaboration. Parents of 35 children with disabilities and challenging behaviors participated in this research. All participants were on the state of Utah's Family Support waiting list. Graduate students provided behavioral education to families by completing a Functional Behavioral Assessment, developing appropriate interventions, and analyzing intervention data. Children with disabilities experienced a significant reduction in the frequency and severity of their problem behavior as a result of the interventions. There was not, however, a significant increase in parents' perceptions of their limit setting skills nor parental support received. The results of this project may provide motivation for special educators, school psychologists and other specialists to collaborate more with parents in the education of their children with disabilities.
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Yu, Shu. "Internet gaming disorder :its assessment and interplay with need satisfaction, maladaptive cognitions, and cognitive-behavioral skills." Thesis, University of Macau, 2018. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b3953562.
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Iannantuono, Amy. "Do maladaptive cognitions mediate the relationship between perceived parental influences and eating behavior among college women?" Connect to resource, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1811/31787.
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Labouliere, Christa D. "The spectrum of self-harm in college undergraduates : the intersection of maladaptive coping and emotion dysregulation." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2009. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0003274.
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Powell, Jamie Leigh. "Using social stories and behavior skills training involving family members to increase social skills for a child with autism." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2009. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0002936.
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Thiessen, Christina N. "ADHD Symptoms, Maladaptive Schemas, and Dysfunctional Automatic Thoughts: Exploring Theorized Relationships in Emerging Adults." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1555951273832422.
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Askari, Iman [Verfasser], and Gisela [Akademischer Betreuer] Steins. "Core irrational beliefs and maladaptive schemas in cognitive behavioral therapy for anger and aggression / Iman Askari ; Betreuer: Gisela Steins." Duisburg, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1196967822/34.
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Cissel, Heather O. "Developing a social media behavior scale." UNF Digital Commons, 2018. https://digitalcommons.unf.edu/etd/909.
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When the topic of social media usage arises, the connotation is usually negative, with a focus on the negative impact both on the individual and on society (Greysen, Kind, & Chretien, 2010). In response to these perceived negative effects, some researchers have created a Social Media Disorder Scale (Van Den Eijnden, Lemmens, & Valkenburg, 2016) in order to address a diagnostic cutoff for social media disorder. However, relatively less research has been focused on measuring the potentially positive effects of social media on the individual and on society. In an effort to address this issue, the aim of the present research was to create a scale to evaluate social media behavior in reference to altruism, connectedness and maladaptive behaviors. Exploratory factor analyses revealed five factor subscales comprising our 21-item scale. Predictive validity analyses with the five factor subscales found age and gender differences in predicting Social Media Disorder.
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Smith, Ian C. "The relationship between social problem solving skills, maladaptive behaviours, verbal skills and autobiographical memory retrieval style in a sample of people with mild learning disabilities." Thesis, Bangor University, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.327522.
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Vieira, Sandra Maria Nogueira. "Representações sociais sobre a delinquência juvenil: estudo comparativo entre duas amostras de estudantes pós-graduados." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Ciências Sociais e Políticas, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/6536.
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Tese de Mestrado em Antropologia<br>O presente estudo pretende compreender as representações sociais da delinquência juvenil sob
a perspetiva de duas amostras distintas de estudantes pós-graduados: os alunos da Pós-
Graduação em Antropologia Biológica e Forense (ABF) e os alunos da Pós-Graduação em
Criminologia e Reinserção Social (CRS), da Universidade de Lisboa - Instituto Superior de
Ciências Sociais e Politicas (UL-ISCSP), no ano letivo 2011/2012.
O nosso universo foi constituído pelos estudantes das duas Pós-Graduações já mencionadas
(N(ABF)= 09 e N(CRS)=06). Enquanto no primeiro caso (ABF) foi possível trabalhar com o
universo (N=09/09), no segundo (CRS) apenas uma amostra respondeu ao questionário em
questão (N=05/06). Com a aplicação do questionário pretendemos compreender qual a
imagem que os estudantes constroem sobre a delinquência juvenil, isto é, sobre a prática de
factos antissociais na fase da adolescência.
Na generalidade a amostra dos estudantes da PG-CRS revelou ser menos tolerante
comparativamente à amostra de estudantes da PG-ABF, no que respeita aos comportamentos
dos adolescentes que transgridem as normas sociais. Ambas demonstram estar conscientes da
gravidade que a delinquência representa na adolescência, sendo os alunos de CRS, os mais
suscetíveis a ter em consideração a gravidade nas questões relacionadas com as normas legais.<br>This study aims to understand the social representations of juvenile delinquency under the
perspective of two groups of post-graduate students: the students that were enrolled in the
Graduate Diploma in Biological Anthropology and Forensic (ABF) and the students enrolled
in the Graduate Diploma in Criminology and Social Reinsertion (CRS) both taught at the
Technical University of Lisbon – School of Social and Political Sciences (UTL – ISCSP),
during the academic year 2011/2012.
Our universe was formed by students of both graduate programs already mentioned (N (ABF) =
09 and N (CRS)=06). While in the first (ABF) it was possible to work with the universe
(N=09/09) in the second case (CRS) just a sample responded to the questionnaire presented
(N=05/06). With the questionnaire we want to understand what image our students build on
juvenile delinquency in adolescence.
In general students of PG-CRS are less tolerant view of the PG-ABF, as regards the behavior
of adolescents who transgress social norms. Demonstrate both be aware of the gravity that
delinquency is adolescence, and students of CRS, the most susceptible to gravity on issues
related to legal norms.
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Shively, Randall Kenneth. "Effects of exercise, arts and crafts activities, and social attention on social interaction, directed activity and maladaptive behavior in adults with mental retardation and emotional disturbance : an ecobehavioral perspective /." The Ohio State University, 1989. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487670346876054.
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Jamalamadaka, Taruna. "Research portfolio submitted in part fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctorate in Clinical Psychology." Thesis, University of Bath, 2017. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.760946.
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Bickham, Grace Antia. "Major Depressive Disorder: Precursors, Predictors, and Coping Mechanism Among Undergraduate Students." ScholarWorks, 2015. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/743.
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Major depressive disorder (MDD) is common among college students. The disease perpetuates depressive symptoms and potentially leads to chronic depressive episodes. Existing literature has shown that students who use both cognitive and behavioral maladaptive coping skills are more prone to endure depressive symptoms and poorer academic performance. Despite these known associations, little research has examined the relationship between coping skills and self-efficacy in response to warning signs of MDD in college students. This study sought to fill the gaps in the research of MDD related to precursors, predictors, and coping mechanisms among undergraduate students in a national sample of U.S. college students. Secondary data (N = 6,713) were analyzed from the Healthy Minds Study 2012, which used the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) with a test-retest reliability. Social learning and social cognitive theories were used as the theoretical frameworks to focus on problems such as management of life activities, academic success, and maladaptive beliefs. Analyses of the data from the cross-sectional survey using multiple linear and logistic regressions indicated a statistically significant relationship between depressive symptoms and the potential predictive factors of MDD. These findings contribute positively to social change by informing the work of therapists and program developers, who may use these results to create programs that reduce depressive symptoms among undergraduates.
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Santana, Rodrigo Gomes. "Estudo das relações entre a atitude de perdoar ofensas interpessoais e os esquemas iniciais desadaptativos." Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, 2011. https://repositorio.ufu.br/handle/123456789/17140.
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This research was designed to examine the relationship between the willingness to forgive in specific situations and intensity of Early Maladaptive Schemas in a nonclinical sample of adults. Forty-one people participated in the survey, with an average age of 27.8 years. Were used three instruments: the Enright Forgiveness Inventory (EFI), the Crowne-Marlowe Social Desirability Scale and the Young Schema Questionnaire (short version). After application of the measures, statistical procedures were applied. In terms of results related to EFI, the same way in other studies that used this scale, were found positive correlations of the subscales of behavior, cognition and affection among themselves and with the total score of EFI, as well as with the 1-Item Forgiveness Scale an independent measure to evaluate how much the individual has forgiven the offender, in a complete mode. The results also showed that the EFI total score and the 1-Item Forgiveness Scale correlated positively, while the social desirability scale didn t show significant correlations with any of the two measures. Concerning the intensity of the offense, there was a negative correlation of this variable with measures of forgiveness, indicating that the degree of forgiveness was less the greater the perceived intensity of injury. With respect to the intensity of forgiveness, the average degree of forgiveness of the participants was 266 points a score that ranges from 60 (low degree of forgiveness) to 360 (high degree of forgiveness) and over half of the sample (61%, n = 25) reported levels of forgiveness higher than average. In terms of degrees of forgiveness measured by subscales of the EFI, the results showed that sample expressed more intensely the cognitive forgiveness (M = 96.8). The degree of affective forgiveness (M = 81.3) remained significantly lower than the degree of behavioral forgiveness (M = 88.2) and cognitive forgiveness, indicating that it was harder to participants offer the emotional forgiveness. Finally, considering the main objective of this research, the results showed negative correlations between the measure of forgiveness used as a criterion variable (1-Item Forgiveness Scale) and four of the five domains of schemes proposed by Young, to wit: disconnection and rejection (ρ = -0.534, p <0.05), impaired autonomy and performance (ρ = -0.440, p < 0.05), other-directedness (ρ = -0.371, p < 0.05) and finally, the impaired limits domain (ρ = -0.472, p < 0.01). Thus, the probability of the participants forgive their offenders has decreased as a function of the magnitude of the participant's domains and their schemes. The results observed in this study expands the current knowledge about the process of forgiveness, as well as about its interface with the cognitive structures called schemas, which have an important role in the organization of the personality, from the therapeutic point of view in cognitive approaches.<br>Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo principal analisar a relação entre a disposição para perdoar em situações específicas e a intensidade dos Esquemas Iniciais Desadaptativos (EIDs) em uma amostra não clínica de indivíduos adultos. Participaram da pesquisa 41 pessoas, com idade média de 27,8 anos. Foram utilizados três instrumentos de avaliação: a Escala de Atitudes para o Perdão (EFI), a Escala de Desejabilidade Social de Crowne-Marlowe e o Questionário de Esquemas Young (versão breve). Após a coleta, os dados foram submetidos a procedimentos estatísticos descritivos e correlacionais. Em se tratando dos resultados referentes à EFI, assim como em outros estudos que utilizaram a mesma escala, foram verificadas correlações positivas das subescalas de comportamento, julgamento e afeto, entre si, e com o escore total da EFI, assim como com a escala independente Item do Perdão uma escala independente que mede o quanto o indivíduo perdoou o ofensor de forma completa. Os resultados mostraram também que o escore total da EFI e do Item do Perdão correlacionaram-se positivamente, enquanto que a escala de desejabilidade social não apresentou correlações significantes com nenhuma das duas medidas. Com relação à medida de intensidade da ofensa, observou-se uma correlação negativa desta variável com as medidas de perdão, indicando que o grau de perdão foi tanto menor quanto maior a intensidade percebida da mágoa. Com respeito à intensidade do perdão, o grau médio do perdão dos participantes foi de 266 pontos num escore que varia de 60 (baixo grau de perdão) a 360 (alto grau de perdão) sendo que mais da metade da amostra (61%, n = 25) reportou graus de perdão superiores à média. Em se tratando dos graus de perdão medidos pelas subescalas da EFI, os resultados mostraram que a amostra expressou o perdão mais intensamente pela via cognitiva. O grau de perdão afetivo (M = 81,3) permaneceu significativamente menor que o grau de perdão comportamental (M = 88,2) e cognitivo (M = 96,8), indicando que foi mais difícil para os participantes perdoar afetivamente. Finalmente, considerando o objetivo principal desta pesquisa, os resultados mostraram correlações negativas entre a medida de perdão utilizada como variável critério (Item do Perdão) e quatro dos cinco domínios de esquemas propostos por Young, a saber: desconexão e rejeição (ρ = -0,534; p < 0,05), autonomia e desempenho prejudicados (ρ = -0,440; p < 0,05), orientação para o outro (ρ = -0,371; p < 0,05) e por fim, o domínio de limites prejudicados (ρ = -0,472; p < 0,01). Assim, a probabilidade de que os participantes perdoassem de forma completa seus ofensores foi menor à medida que apresentassem maior intensidade nestes domínios e seus esquemas. Os resultados verificados nesta pesquisa ampliam o conhecimento atual que se tem em relação ao processo de perdão em si, bem como a respeito de sua interface com as estruturas cognitivas denominadas esquemas, que têm um importante papel na organização da personalidade, do ponto de vista terapêutico nas abordagens cognitivas.<br>Mestre em Psicologia Aplicada
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Van, Der Meer Ester. "Is the grass greener on the other side? : testing the ecological trap hypothesis for African wild dogs (Lycaon pictus) in and around Hwange National Park." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LYO10095/document.
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Lorsque des animaux montrent un choix préférentiel pour un habitat à effet puits, on dit alors qu’ils sont capturés par un piège écologique. La sélection de l’habitat est bénéfique dans les systèmes classiques de type source-puits, puisque les animaux vivant dans des habitats de haute qualité (natalité>mortalité), choisissent de migrer vers des habitats de faible qualité (natalité<br>When animals show a preferential choice for sink habitat they are said to have been caught in an ecological trap. Habitat choice behaviour is beneficial in classic source-sink systems, as animals living in high quality habitat (natality>mortality) only choose to migrate into low quality habitat (natality
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Gomes, Dora Filipa Gonçalves. "Early maladaptive schemas and addictive behaviors." Master's thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/28599.
Full textAbstract:
Background: The previous research has revealed that early maladaptive
schemas (EMPs) play an important role and may have a predictive effect on
substance consumption.
Objectives: This pioneering research aimed at evaluating the existing
relationships between EMPs and addictive behaviors besides verifying which of
the 18 EMPs is the best predictor in substance consumption.
Methods: For the present study, subjects were voluntarily recruited from the
Commission for the Dissuasion of Drug Addiction (CDT) of Aveiro (n = 39).
They were supposd to be aged ≥ 18 years and be users of drugs.
Results: The results showed that seven schemes, belonging to the first four
domains ("Disconnection and Rejection", "Impaired autonomy and
performance", "Other directedness" and "Impaired limits"), were significantly
related to the consumption variables. Of these seven that correlated, five
schemes ("Defectiveness", "Vulnerability", "Enmeshment", "Subjugation", and
"Self-sacrifice") revealed a predictive effect on addictive behaviors.
Conclusion: The results demonstrate that EMPs are correlated and can have a
predictive effect on addictive behaviors. It is envisioned that these results may
be useful in a clinical context. However, additional studies are needed to better
understand these issues.<br>Contextualização: Pesquisas anteriores demonstraram que os esquemas maladaptativos
precoces (EMPs) desempenham um papel importante, podendo
ter um efeito preditor, no consumo de substâncias.
Objetivos: Esta investigação pioneira, teve como objetivo avaliar as relações
existentes entre os EMPs e os comportamentos aditivos, frequência e
quantidade, e concomitantemente, verificar qual dos 18 EMPs é o melhor
preditor no consumo de substâncias.
Métodos: Para a presente investigação foram recrutados, de forma voluntária,
sujeitos atendidos na Comissão para a Dissuasão da Toxicodependência
(CDT) de Aveiro (n = 39), sendo que estes tinham de ter idades ≥ 18 anos e
ser consumidores de drogas.
Resultados: Os resultados demonstraram que setes esquemas, sendo estes
pertencentes aos quatro primeiros domínios (“Distanciamento e Rejeição”,
“Autonomia e Desempenho Deteriorados”, “Influência dos Outros” e “Limites
Deteriorados”), se relacionaram de forma significativa com as variáveis de
consumo. Destes sete que se correlacionaram, cinco (“Defeito/Vergonha”,
“Vulnerabilidade ao mal e à doença”, “Emaranhamento/Eu subdesenvolvido”,
“Subjugação” e “Autossacrifício”) revelaram um efeito preditor nos
comportamentos aditivos.
Conclusão: Estes resultados demonstram que os EMPs se relacionam e que
podem ter um efeito preditor nos comportamentos aditivos. Pretende-se que
estes resultados possam ser úteis em contexto clínico. No entanto, são
necessários estudos adicionais para melhor compreender estas questões.<br>Mestrado em Psicologia da Saúde e Reabilitação Neuropsicológica
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Jin-YiChen and 陳進義. "Maladaptive Perfectionism, Brooding, Depression and Self-harm Behaviors among Junior High School Students." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/13176044387417547101.
Full textAbstract:
碩士<br>國立成功大學<br>行為醫學研究所<br>100<br>Self-harm behaviors are serious maladaptive behaviors among adolescents. The aims of the current study were to evaluate the differences among non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI), suicide attempts (SA), and No self-harm behaviors over the past twelve months in levels of maladaptive perfectionism, brooding, and depression, as well as to test a psychological model of self-harm behaviors. Data were obtained from 542 junior high school students in Taiwan. Results illustrated significant differences on maladaptive perfectionism, maladaptive rumination and levels of depression among adolescents with NSSI and adolescents with SA over the past twelve months. The results of post hoc analyses showed that the NSSI group reported significantly higher levels of maladaptive perfectionism, maladaptive rumination, and depressive symptoms compared to the no self-harm group; moreover, the SA group revealed significantly increased levels of maladaptive perfectionism, maladaptive rumination, and depressive symptoms compared to the NSSI group. Furthermore, the model of psychological self-harm behaviors was validated.
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Chen, Szu-Yun, and 陳思允. "The effects of Functional Assessment and Behavioral Modification Program for maladaptive behaviors with mental retard students in elementary school." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/77415495749286480055.
Full textAbstract:
碩士<br>國立花蓮教育大學<br>身心障礙與輔助科技研究所<br>94<br>The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of functional assessment and behavioral modification program for students with mental retardation in elementary school. The subjects were two students with mental retardation and studying at regular classes in one of the Hualien elementary schools. These two subjects were displaying several serious maladaptive behaviors. First, this study assumed functional assessment, and then combined with the principles of behavioral modification ,to draw up “functional assessment and behavioral modification program”. The ABA design of a single subject research was used in this study. This method examined the practicability and effectiveness of the “functional assessment and behavioral modification program”, and assessed the effects of maladaptive behavior improvement for those two subjects. Major results of this study were as follows:
1. The functions of maladaptive behavior on subject A were ”ask for attention” and ”self-stimulatory”. The reasons were usually related with nothing can do in class, the demand too hardly, the teaching activities were excited with the subject et al. After interventing program, the maladaptive behaviors during class were improved.
2. The function of maladaptive behavior on subject B were ” avoidance” and ”ask for attention”. The reasons were usually related with the demand too hardly, and confused after disattention . After interventing program, the maladaptive behaviors during class were improved.
3. The “functional assessment and behavioral modification program” did make the effects to improve the subjects’ maladaptive behaviors.
4. The maladaptive behaviors of those two subjects were cured or alleviated and they were more attention in teaching activities after program intervention.
According to the results, this study addressed several recommendations for practical service in education and research.
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Herzinger, Caitlin V. "Assessment and treatment of maladaptive behaviors within the developmental disability literature impact on outcome variables /." 2008. http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga%5Fetd/herzinger%5Fcaitlin%5Fv%5F200805%5Fphd.
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Wang, Yu-Yun, and 王佑筠. "Exploring the Effects of Early Maladaptive Schemas on Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms and Self-Injurious Behaviors in Abused Adolescence." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/42034969387475501224.
Full textAbstract:
碩士<br>中原大學<br>心理學研究所<br>99<br>Abstract
Introduction: The abused person increased steadily in recent years. Exposure to abusive event often interferes with developmental tasks people need to accomplish in order to become competent members of society. In particular, adolescence is to build positive self-concept, developed into a critical period of independent individual. Therefore, to explore the impact of abuse on adolescents is necessary. Abusive event takes a toll on more subtle aspects of functioning, such as cognitive, behavioral, social, and emotional functioning. Furthermore, abuse can be considered in the concept of traumatic events, and access to relevant research confirmed. It is worth noting that abused adolescents tend to show more symptoms of post-traumatic stress and high level of self-injurious behavior. Currently the most commonly diverted to explain how to deal with post-traumatic stress symptoms as cognitive schema. On the other hand, by creating increased frequency of individual self-injury cognitive beliefs are valued. However, further studies have to be verified.
Purpose: Early maladaptive schema that develop primarily as a result of maltreatment. Thus, the present thesis aimed to explore post-traumatic stress symptoms is maintained and increased level of self-injury frequency, by using early maladaptive schema for the research of the cognitive elements. In addition, this study used traumatized adolescents and non-traumatized adolescents as a control group to highlight the follow-up effects of abusive event.
Method: Participants included 120 abused adolescents, 235 traumatized adolescents, and 235 non-traumatized adolescents. They were administered the Basic information Questionnaire, Young Schema Questionnaire-short form（YSQ-S3）, UCLA PTSD Index for DSM-IV（UCLA-PTSD-RI）, Adolescent Version, and Deliberate Self-Harm Inventory（DSHI）. ANOVA, ANCOVA, pearson product-moment correlation, and linear regression were applied as the method of statistical analysis in this study.
Results: Results indicated that (1) Most part of early maladaptive schema, post-traumatic stress symptoms severity, and frequency of self-injury in abused adolescents were significantly higher than traumatized adolescents and non-traumatized adolescents. (2) Post-traumatic stress symptoms severity could be predicted by early maladaptive schema. Experience of abuse and trauma will arouse different schemas. Different archetypes of post-traumatic stress symptom severity, the predictive power of schemas also have differences. (3) The frequency of self-injury could be predicted by early maladaptive schema. All groups will arouse different schemas and the predictive power of schemas with a difference.
Discussion: This study confirms a significant contribution to early maladaptive schema in the maintenance of post-traumatic stress symptoms and improvement of self-injury frequency. Discussed in the text associated with the cognitive theory and the relevance of research .Study limitations and future directions were also addressed.