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Academic literature on the topic 'Maladies bactériennes – Épidémiologie'
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Journal articles on the topic "Maladies bactériennes – Épidémiologie"
SANDERS, P., A. BOUSQUET-MELOU, C. CHAUVIN, and P. L. TOUTAIN. "Utilisation des antibiotiques en élevage et enjeux de santé publique." INRAE Productions Animales 24, no. 2 (2011): 199–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/productions-animales.2011.24.2.3254.
Full textMarié, Jean-Lou, Stéphanie Watier-Grillot, Cédric Roqueplo, and Bernard Davoust. "https://academie-veterinaire-defrance.org/publications/bulletins-de-lavf." Bulletin de l'Académie vétérinaire de France, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/bavf.2020.70919.
Full textMarié, Jean-Lou, Stéphanie Watier-Grillot, Cédric Roqueplo, and Bernard Davoust. "https://academie-veterinaire-defrance.org/publications/bulletins-de-lavf." Bulletin de l'Académie vétérinaire de France, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/bavf.2020.70919.
Full textSissoko, BF, D. Soumaré, K. Ouattara, et al. "ASPECTS EPIDEMIOLOGIQUE, CLINIQUE, THERAPEUTIQUE ET EVOLUTIF DES PLEURESIES PURULENTES AU SERVICE DE PNEUMO-PHTISIOLOGIE DU CENTRE HOSPITALIER UNIVERSITAIRE DU POINT G." Revue Malienne d'Infectiologie et de Microbiologie, April 29, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.53597/remim.v6i0.828.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Maladies bactériennes – Épidémiologie"
Perez, Paul. "Epidémiologie des contaminations bactériennes liées à la transfusion de produits sanguins labiles." Bordeaux 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000BOR28752.
Full textThis thesis illustrates the contribution of the epidemiologic approach to transfusion and haemovigilance, a public health surveillance system. Transfusion-refated bacterial contamination (TRBC) is the first cause of infection related to transfusion. Limitation of knowledge indicated the need for studies. The case-control study on TRBC within the haemovigilance network (Bacthem) was based on the inclusion of TRCB among all suspected cases notified in France during two years. TRBC was letal for 15 % of 41 cases, all related to Gram negative rods. Transfusion of platelet concentrates, and of red cells when the recipient had pancytopenia, were strongly associated with TRBC risk. Suggested determinants were recipient treatment by potent immunosuppressive drugs, LBP shelf-life and numerous previous donations in the donor. The study of diversion of the first 15 mL of whole-blood donation suggests that this collection procedure may reduce donation contamination rates from 2. 2 to 0. 6 %. Contamination determinants were the collecting blood bank, the donor's age above 35 and the lack of repetition of the cleaning stage of antisepsis. Results open avenues for research for preventing TRBC. Excluding the first millilitres and improving the phlebotomy site preparation may reduce donation contamination rates. Indicating low-risk LBP in high risk recipients should be considered. Integrating epidemiology should lead to improvements of the haemovigilance system
Pham, Thi Xuan Tu. "L'infection bactérienne materno-foetale : épidémiologie, aspects cliniques et biologiques au Vietnam et en France." Amiens, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005AMIED002.
Full textThe aim of our study was to determine the criteria for maternofetal infection and the relevance of bacteriological sampling, i. E. Gastric fluid, in order to make a quick diagnosis and to avoid unappropriate antibiotic therapy. We have underlined the underestimation of some medical history items in Vietnam such as maternal fever > 38°C before or at the onset of labor, membranes rupture duration > 12 hours or membranes rupture occuring before 35 weeks , maternal urine tract infection, fetal tachycardia, neonatal asphyxia. The negative predictive value of gastric fluid direct examination was also emphasized. A better knowledge of such results should lead to a decrease in neonatal mortality and morbidity in Vietnam
Ehounoud, Hervé Cyrille Bile. "Maladies bactériennes, y compris vectorisées, en Afrique de l'Ouest (Côte d'Ivoire et Guinée-Conakry)." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM5051.
Full textFebrile illnesses including bacterial diseases are poorly known in Côte d'Ivoire and Guinea.In the first part of our work, we researched by molecular biology bacteria transmitted by ticks in Côte d’Ivoire. We analyzed different species of ticks collected from cattle and highlighted pathogenic bacteria responsible for many infectious diseases such as Rickettsia, Borrelia, Anaplasma, Ehrlichia, Coxiella burnetii (Q fever) and twenty potential new species. In the second part, our goal was to detect using molecular biology several microorganisms in humans in Guinea (Conakry) and Côte d'Ivoire. As regards the study of wounds and healthy skin in Guinea, most patients were infected with Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, several species of Acinetobacter.Among the febrile patients and healthy controls afebrile recruited in Guinea and Côte d'Ivoire, Plasmodium falciparum is the most common detected microorganism especially in blood samples from febrile patients although several bacteria were also identified. In Guinea, it was Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus pneumoniae, non-typhoidal Salmonella spp., and R. felis. These bacteria were also identified as well as Salmonella enterica Typhi, Salmonella enterica Paratyphi, Tropheryma whipplei and a potential new species of Wolbachia in Côte d’Ivoire.This work allowed establishing the repertory of bacteria transmitted by ticks in Côte d’Ivoire, as well as those involved in bacteremia in Côte d’Ivoire and Guinea (Conakry)
Abat, Cédric. "Développement de nouveaux outils informatiques de surveillance en temps réel des phénomènes anormaux basés sur les données de microbiologie clinique du laboratoire de la Timone." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AIXM5029/document.
Full textAlthough considered under control in the second half of the 20th century with the discovery of antimicrobials, infectious diseases remain a serious threat to humanity. Regardless of the state of knowledge we possess on these diseases, all remained unpredictable. To fight this phenomenon, many monitoring strategies have been developed leading to the implementation of various epidemiological surveillance computer programs to detect and identify, as soon as possible, abnormal events including epidemic phenomena. The initial objective of our work was to implement, within the Hospitalo-Universitaire Méditerranée Infection and based on the Microsoft Excel software, two new automated computer-based programs for the weekly automated epidemiological surveillance of abnormal epidemic events using clinical microbiological data from the Timone teaching hospital of of Assistance Publique- Hôpitaux de Marseille (AP-HM). Once completed, we then worked to develop a comprehensive monitoring structure incorporating the investigation and the validation of alarms emitted by the established surveillance systems, the transmission of alerts to the Regional Health Agency (ARS) of the Provence-Alpes Côte d'Azur (PACA), the public dissemination of confirmed abnormal events by publishing scientific articles, and the implementation of feedback and weekly epidemiological bulletins to inform local infectious diseases epidemiological surveillance actors
Leangapichart, Thongpan. "Phenotypic and genomic analysis of multi-drug resistant bacteria in travelers." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AIXM0183.
Full textAntibiotic resistance in bacteria is increasing and become a worldwide problem. Newresistance bacteria or mechanisms are emerging and spreading rapidly. Recently, thetransmission of antibiotic-resistant (AR) bacteria among humans, animals, and the variousenvironments are vastly recognized. With the growth of international travels over the pastdecades, this provides opportunities for AR bacteria to be spread rapidly from one geographiclocation to another. During trips, travelers changed diets, lifestyles, and their environmentsresulting in the alteration of AR patterns of bacteria residing in the gut. Thus, internationaltravelers are one of the most important modes for the acquisition and spread of AR genes.The largest annual mass gathering, the Hajj (pilgrimage to Mecca) is well known as a sourcefor infectious diseases transmission such as influenza, meningococcal outbreaks ortuberculosis. Thus, travelers, especially pilgrims, are one of the most significant sources forspreading AR bacteria. However, studies of the transmission and acquisition of AR genesduring Hajj in pilgrims are scarce. Therefore, this research thesis was carried out with threemain objectives to better understanding the prevalence of AR genes and bacteria during Hajj:(i) epidemiological surveillance of AR genes in pilgrims before and after Hajj, (ii) risk factorsanalysis concerning AR genes acquisition in pilgrims, (iii) molecular epidemiological studiesof AR bacteria in pilgrims, including patients, animals, and environment with the use ofmulti-locus sequence typing and whole genome sequencing
Keita, Mamadou Bhoye. "Microbiote intestinal des gorilles : évaluation de la diversité bactérienne, détection des pathogènes et description des nouvelles espèces." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM5039.
Full textThe main objective of this work is to explore the gorilla's potential role as a reservoir for pathogenic bacteria. We used both microbial culturomics and pyrosequencing to analyze the gorilla gut bacteria. By applying culturomics to one index gorilla, we tested 12,800 colonies and identified 147 different bacterial species, including 5 new species. Many opportunistic human pathogens were observed, including 8 frequently associated with human disease: Mycobacterium bolletii, Proteus mirabilis, Acinetobacter baumannii, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Serratia marcescens, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Clostridium botulinum. Using specific real-time PCR on 48 gorilla fecal samples, we also observed the fastidious pathogens Bartonella spp. Borrelia spp., Coxiella burnetii, Tropheryma whipplei. Using microsatellite analysis of the gorilla samples, we estimated that the prevalence of these pathogens was between 4.76% and 85.7%. Therefore, the gorilla shares many bacterial pathogens with humans, which suggests that wild gorillas might be a reservoir for the emergence and/or reemergence of these pathogens, especially in areas where human and gorilla habitats overlap and because of the increasing presence of humans in the African equatorial forests
Pruvost, Olivier. "La maladie des taches noires de la mangue (Xanthomonas campestris pv. Mangiferaeindicae) : étude bactériologique, biologique, épidémiologique et mise au point des bases d'un système de lutte intégrée dans les confitions de l' Île de la Réunion." Paris 11, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA112020.
Full textAn extensive study was undertaken to characterize 94 isolates of Xanthomonas campestris pv. Mangiferaeindicae responsible for bacterial black spot of mangoes. Studies on carbohydrates assimilation, susceptibility to antibiotics and to heavy metal salts, serotyping and phage-typing, plasmid patterns as well as to pathogenicity to several hosts have revealed a large variability within the isolates. Biological and epidemiological studies of the pathogen under Reunion Island conditions have allowed us to establish susceptibility and receptivity periods of host tissues and their relations to climatic conditions. The pathogen is able to survive as an epiphyte on leaves, buds and immature fruit. Its mode of spread has been studied. Chemical and biological disease control were evaluated and resuls show that disease control may be achieved by using an antagonistic strain of Bacillus subtilis or B. Amyloliquefaciens
Bédubourg, Gabriel. "Place des outils d'analyse des séries temporelles dans la surveillance épidémiologique pour la détection des épidémies et leur analyse : élaboration de nouveaux outils de détection et d'analyse étiologique des épidémies appliqués à la surveillance épidémiologique." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0739.
Full textPublic health surveillance is the ongoing, systematic collection, analysis, interpretation, and dissemination of data for use in public health action to reduce morbidity and mortality of health-related events and to improve health. One of its objectives is the detection of unusualevents, i.e. outbreaks, requiring the rapid implementation of countermeasures.The objectives of this work are: (i) to evaluate the main published statistical methods for outbreak detection commonly implemented in different public health surveillance systems, (ii) to propose a new approach based on the optimal combination of statistical methods foroutbreak detection and benchmark it to other methods; and (iii) develop a new statistical method for the etiological analysis of an outbreak from public health surveillance data routinely collected by the system. To achieve these objectives, as a first step, we evaluate the main statistical methods, from a published set of simulated public health surveillance data. Statistical methods have been evaluated for an operational purpose: for all simulated time series, we used the tuning parameters recommended by their authors for each algorithm when available. We propose sensitivity and specificity metrics suitable for these tools. Then we propose an original approach for outbreak detection based on combination of methods selected in the previous step. The performance of this approach is compared to the previous ones according to the methodology implemented in the first step.Finally, we propose a method for the etiological analysis of an outbreak from surveillance data by using statistical models suitable for time series analysis
Pinotti, Francesco. "Dynamiques multi-souche sur réseaux." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUS289.
Full textFor many human pathogens, distinct strains have been reported to circulate in the host population. However, despite our ability to observe strain diversity, biological, environmental and host-related mechanisms shaping co-existence patterns remain largely unexplored. In this context, the importance of modeling contact structure is becoming increasingly recognized, yet, the study of this aspect is still at the beginning. To date, the majority of works focus on two pathogens that either compete or cooperate. Here, we extend current knowledge about strain co-existence on contact networks in two directions, characterizing the ecology of an open strain population, and analyzing the effect of heterogeneous concurrent interactions. In a first study, we assess the role of important contact properties on ecological diversity in a parsimonious model of strain competition. We found that our theoretical results improve our interpretation of observed patterns in a joint dataset consisting of face-to-face interactions and Staphylococcus aureus carriage in a hospital. In a second work, we study a theoretical model accounting for both competition and cooperation. We consider two competing strains that both cooperate with a second pathogen. The interplay between transmissibility and cooperative factor led to a rich phase diagram, showing complex boundaries and bistability. Here, repartition of hosts into communities enables strain co-existence by dynamically creating different ecological niches. Our findings confirm the importance of host contact structure as a driver of strain diversity
Bouzid, Feriel. "La Canettose, une maladie infectieuse émergente dans la corne de l'Afrique." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AIXM0548/document.
Full textTuberculosis is one of the most frequent deadly infectious diseases worldwide, caused by tuberculous mycobacteria including mainly M. tuberculosis. Our thesis focused on Mycobacterium canettii characterized by a smooth morphotype and a shorter generation time than M. tuberculosis. Our review of the literature showed that less than one hundred cases of M. canettii infection have been reported in Djibouti situated in the Horn of Africa. Then, our prospective microbiological study of pulmonary tuberculosis in Djibouti measured a prevalence of M. canettii lung infections of 4%. Through a mouse model by gavage, we observed the translocation of M. canettii from the intestines to the lymphatic and blood circulation; followed by dissemination mainly to the lungs and lymph nodes. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that M. canettii can follow the digestive tract to infect individuals and revealed also that M. canettii can interact with brown adipose tissue. Then, through cell infection models, we have shown that brown pre-adipocytes may be a potential target for tuberculous mycobacteria and that M. does not persist in mature adipocytes contrary to M. tuberculosis. In conclusion, this work allowed to bring new knowledge about M. canettii infection: its prevalence, its mode of transmission as well as new avenues on possible environmental reservoirs. All of these data suggest that M. canettii infection should be considered as a distinct clinical entity from tuberculosis. We propose to name "Canettosis" the M. canettii infection
Books on the topic "Maladies bactériennes – Épidémiologie"
N, Cohen Georges, Mathiot Christian, and Le Minor Léon, eds. La veille microbiologique. Elsevier, 2001.
Des bactéries et des hommes. Privat, 2002.